?專題14完形填空記敘文（20空）

全國各地歷年高考真題全收錄

2022年全國甲卷
You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___41___ was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___42___. When I first dated Steve, I ___43___ he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was ___44___ that he was an animal lover, I ___45___ that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___46___, the cat.
The next week we ___47___ our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our ___48___, Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him too, but so ___49___? He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. ______50______, I began to fall for him.
We ______51______ to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her ______52______. I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly ______53______ climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve ______54______ his house. All worked ______55______. The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, ______56______ Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team ______57______ for Tilly. We made good housemates.
A year later, much to my ______58______, this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I ______59______ him to. That’s only for giving ______60______ to the dogs that brought us together.
41. A. ownership B. membership C. companionship D. leadership
42. A. reservations B. expectations C. confidence D. prejudice
43. A. feared B. doubted C. hoped D. learned
44. A. unsatisfied B. amused C. terrified D. thrilled
45. A. predicted B. worried C. regretted D. insisted
46. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly
47. A. tied B. walked C. bathed D. fed
48. A. breath B. balance C. attention D. imagination
49. A. calm B. sure C. soon D. real
50. A. By the way B. In that case C. By all means D. In that moment
51. A. continued B. decided C. intended D. pretended
52. A. eye B. tail C. ear D. leg
53. A. secretly B. constantly C. eventually D. unwillingly
54. A. left B. sold C. suggested D. searched
55. A. late B. hard C. fine D. free
56. A. emptied B. respected C. occupied D. discovered
57. A. looking B. caring C. waiting D. calling
58. A. delight B. credit C. interest D. disadvantage
59. A. beg B. trust C. need D. aid
60. A. toys B. awards C. food D. water
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. D 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. C 56. B 57. B 58. A 59. C 60. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，作者認(rèn)為你可以從一個(gè)男人對(duì)待他的狗的方式來了解他很多，作者多年和兩只愛犬生活在一起，去年開始和擁有貓狗的史蒂夫約會(huì)，但有所保留，因?yàn)橐淮五薰窌r(shí)史蒂夫把水給自己的愛犬喝，作者漸漸對(duì)史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，在之后的接觸中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顧作者的愛犬，一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。
【41題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們的陪伴幾乎足以讓我遠(yuǎn)離孤獨(dú)。A. ownership所有權(quán)；B. membership會(huì)員；C. companionship陪伴；D. leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。由上文的“For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. (多年來，我喜歡和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活在一起)”可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一起，可得出狗狗陪伴著作者，讓作者遠(yuǎn)離孤獨(dú)。故選C項(xiàng)。
【42題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：去年，我開始約會(huì)，但有所保留。A. reservations保留；B. expectations期望；C. confidence信心；D. prejudice偏見。由下文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，遞給我的狗)”和“I began to fall for him (我開始愛上他)”可知，作者是在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗時(shí)，因?yàn)槭返俜虬阉o自己的愛犬喝，作者才對(duì)史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，可得出剛開始約會(huì)時(shí)，因?yàn)椴皇煜な返俜虻钠沸校髡哌€是有所保留的。故選A項(xiàng)。
【43題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我第一次和史蒂夫約會(huì)時(shí)，我得知他有一條名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的貓。A. feared恐懼；B. doubted懷疑；C. hoped希望；D. learned得知。由上文的“When I first dated Steve (當(dāng)我第一次和史蒂夫約會(huì)時(shí))”和常識(shí)可知，第一次約會(huì)會(huì)得知對(duì)方相關(guān)情況，作者從而得知史蒂夫有一只狗和一只貓。故選D項(xiàng)。
【44題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我很高興他是一個(gè)動(dòng)物愛好者，但我擔(dān)心三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會(huì)攻擊貓F(tuán)lora。A. unsatisfied不滿意的；B. amused愉快的；C. terrified害怕的；D. thrilled非常開心的。由下文的“he was an animal lover (他是一個(gè)動(dòng)物愛好者)”可知，得知史蒂夫是一個(gè)動(dòng)物愛好者，多年和兩只愛犬生活在一起的作者應(yīng)該是感到愉快高興。故選D項(xiàng)。
【45題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我很高興他是一個(gè)動(dòng)物愛好者，但我擔(dān)心三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會(huì)攻擊貓F(tuán)lora。A. predicted預(yù)測(cè)；B. worried擔(dān)心；C. regretted后悔；D. insisted堅(jiān)持。由下文的“three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 6 the cat (三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會(huì)攻擊貓)”可知，作者認(rèn)為三條狗可能太多了，且自己的狗可能會(huì)攻擊史蒂夫的貓，針對(duì)這種情況，作者是擔(dān)憂的。故選B項(xiàng)。
【46題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我很高興他是一個(gè)動(dòng)物愛好者，但我擔(dān)心三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會(huì)攻擊貓F(tuán)lora。A. Flora弗洛拉；B. Chance機(jī)會(huì)；C. Molly莫莉；D. Tilly蒂莉。選項(xiàng)指的是文中動(dòng)物名詞。由上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一條名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的貓)”可知，此處指作者擔(dān)心自己的狗可能會(huì)攻擊史蒂夫的貓F(tuán)lora。故選A項(xiàng)。
【47題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二周，我們一起遛狗。A. tied系；B. walked牽著（動(dòng)物）走；C. bathed沐??；D. fed喂養(yǎng)。由本處的“ 7 our dogs together (一起……我們的狗)”以及下文“When we paused”可知，作者和史蒂夫在一起遛狗。故選B項(xiàng)。
【48題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們停下來休息時(shí)，史蒂夫單膝跪下。A. breath呼吸；B. balance平衡；C. attention注意力；D. imagination想象。由上文的“It was a hot day. When we paused (那是一個(gè)炎熱的日子。當(dāng)我們停下)”可知，那天很熱，遛狗的二人停下來休息一下，catch one’s breath (休息一下、歇一口氣)。 故選A項(xiàng)。
【49題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我也喜歡他，但這么快？A. calm冷靜的；B. sure確定的；C. soon很快的；D real真正的。由上文的“The next week (第二周)”和“Was he proposing (求婚)? (他在求婚嗎)”可知，二人才認(rèn)識(shí)兩周，作者以為史蒂夫要向自己求婚，認(rèn)為進(jìn)展太快了。故選C項(xiàng)。
【50題詳解】
考查介詞短語辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我開始愛上他。A. By the way順便說一句；B. In that case那樣的話；C. By all means務(wù)必；D. In that moment那一刻。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，遞給我的狗)”和下文的“I began to fall for him (我開始愛上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水給作者愛犬喝的那一刻，還有所保留的作者卸下心防，對(duì)史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感。故選D項(xiàng)。
【51題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們繼續(xù)約會(huì)，雖然我們都沒有提到未來。A. continued繼續(xù)；B. decided決定；C. intended打算；D. pretended假裝。由上文的“I began to fall for him (我開始愛上他)”可知，作者對(duì)史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，可得出二人會(huì)繼續(xù)約會(huì)。故選A項(xiàng)。
【52題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：11月下旬，Tilly的腿做了一次手術(shù)。A. eye眼睛；B. tail尾巴；C. ear耳朵；D. leg腿。由下文的“I worried that Tilly 13 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound (我擔(dān)心Tilly爬樓梯會(huì)使傷口重新裂開)”可知，作者擔(dān)心爬樓會(huì)影響Tilly的傷口，可得出Tilly的腿做了手術(shù)。故選D項(xiàng)。
【53題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我一天帶狗出去四次，我擔(dān)心Tilly不斷地爬樓梯會(huì)使傷口重新裂開。A. secretly秘密地；B. constantly不斷地；C. eventually最終；D. unwillingly不情愿地。由上文的“I took the dogs out four times a day (我一天帶狗出去四次)”可知，作者一天帶狗出去四次，可得出狗狗（包括Tilly）要不斷地爬樓梯。故選B項(xiàng)。
【54題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫離開了他的房子。A. left離開；B. sold賣；C. suggested建議，推薦；D. searched搜尋。由下文的“We made good housemates. (我們是很好的室友)”可知，二人成為室友?？梢酝茢喑鰜?，因?yàn)楹ε伦髡叩墓放罉翘莶环奖?，所以建議作者搬過去一起住。故選C項(xiàng)。
【55題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一切都很好。A. late晚的；B. hard困難的；C. fine好的；D. free自由的。由下文的“The three dogs formed a pack (這三條狗組成了一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì))”和“Steve and I formed a good team (史蒂夫和我組成了一個(gè)好團(tuán)隊(duì))”“We made good housemates. (我們是很好的室友)”可知，狗狗相處友好，作者和史蒂夫相處也友好，可得出一切都好。故選C項(xiàng)。
【56題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這三條狗組成了一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，在訓(xùn)練下，尊重Flora的空間；史蒂夫和我組成了一個(gè)照顧Tilly的好團(tuán)隊(duì)。A. emptied清空；B. respected尊重；C. occupied占據(jù)；D. discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)。由上文的“my dogs might attack 6 , the cat (我的狗可能會(huì)攻擊貓)”和“The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching (這三條狗組成了一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，在訓(xùn)練下)”可知，起初作者擔(dān)心自己的狗會(huì)攻擊史蒂夫的貓F(tuán)lora，但作者的狗和史蒂夫的狗相處友好，可得出在訓(xùn)練下，狗不會(huì)去攻擊貓，結(jié)合動(dòng)物的領(lǐng)地意識(shí)可知，此處指狗尊重貓的空間。故選B項(xiàng)。
【57題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這三條狗組成了一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，在訓(xùn)練下，尊重Flora的空間；史蒂夫和我組成了一個(gè)照顧Tilly的好團(tuán)隊(duì)。A. looking看；B. caring照顧；C. waiting等待；D. calling打電話。由上文的“Tilly had an operation (Tilly做了一次手術(shù))”可知，作者的狗Tilly做過手術(shù)，史蒂夫和作者一起居住后，和作者一起照顧術(shù)后康復(fù)的Tilly。故選B項(xiàng)。
【58題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一年后，令我非常高興的是，這個(gè)男人拿出一個(gè)帶戒指的小盒子向我求婚。A. delight高興；B. credit信用；C. interest興趣；D. disadvantage缺點(diǎn)。由下文的“this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me (這個(gè)男人拿出一個(gè)帶戒指的小盒子向我求婚)”可知，史蒂夫向作者求婚，作者應(yīng)該是感到高興。故選A項(xiàng)。
【59題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他沒有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求；B. trust信任；C. need需要；D. aid幫助。由上文的“He did not kneel (跪) down (他沒有跪下)”和常識(shí)可知，一般求婚是要下跪的，但史蒂夫沒有下跪，作者對(duì)此并不在意，因?yàn)樽髡卟恍枰鹿颉９蔬xC項(xiàng)。
【60題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正是給愛犬喝水的舉動(dòng)把我們帶到一起。A. toys玩具；B. awards獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；C. food食物；D. water水。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 10 , I began to fall for him. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，遞給我的狗。我開始愛上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水給作者愛犬喝的那一刻，還有所保留的作者卸下心防，對(duì)史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，所以是“給愛犬喝水”的舉動(dòng)讓二人走到了一起。故選D項(xiàng)。
2022年1月浙江卷
When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy four last year, she started having problems with her ___16___ , notably dryness and discomfort.
"I was simply ___17___ a terrible experience, " Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. "I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my ___18___ was affected. "
Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had ___19___ problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in ___20___. " Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so ___21___ she said. " But more and more are suffering and lives are being ___22___.
Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research, ___23___ at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team ___24___ Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done____25____ work on eye care using stem cells. Seeing a ray of hope, Ms. Burdeyney began raising ____26____ for the project with a friend, Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman. ____27____ she has raised $ 110, 000 with another $40, 000 ____28____ .
"I'm trying to get more and more people to ____29____ that there are solutions（解決辦法）said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after ____30____ . "I say there is no old ____31____ , there's only neglect （忽視）. Don't stand ____32____ , do something about it. "
Ms. Burdeyney ____33____ that she is hoping to do more for the research project. "I just want to bring ____34____ into people eyes and this is just the ____35____. There is still a long way to go"
16. A. throat B. skin C. lungs D. eyes
17. A. getting over B. going through C. holding on D. passing down
18. A. story B. treatment C. life D. relationship
19. A. similar B. various C. personal D. special
20. A. turn B. peace C. vain D. silence
21. A. unbearable B. abnormal C. insignificant D. disturbing
22. A. compromised B. forgotten C. substituted D. separated
23. A. course B. program C. paper D. conference
24. A. informed B. doubted C. included D. dismissed
25. A. part-time B. controversial C. voluntary D. ground-breaking
26. A. money B. standards C. awareness D. questions
27. A. As ever B. So far C. In return D. Once again
28. A. wasted B. donated C. expected D. earned
29. A. imagine B. confirm C. remember D. understand
30. A. retirement B. childbirth C. graduation D. marriage
31. A. time B. rule C. age D. tale
32. A. straight B. still C. firm D. alone
33. A. commented B. learned C. reminded D. added
34. A. light B. joy C. color D. beauty
35. A. future B. beginning C. truth D. meaning
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了一個(gè)遭受眼睛問題之苦的Burdeyney女士積極為研究項(xiàng)目提供幫助以尋求解決方法的故事。
【16題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她開始有眼睛問題，明顯干澀和不適。A. throat喉嚨；B. skin皮膚；C. lungs肺；D. eyes眼睛。根據(jù)第八空前面的句子“Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research”（最終Burdeyney女士了解了一項(xiàng)眼睛研究計(jì)劃）可知，她有眼睛問題，故選D項(xiàng)。
【17題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我只是在經(jīng)歷一段糟糕的體驗(yàn)。A. get over克服；B. go through經(jīng)歷；C. hold on堅(jiān)持；D. pass down傳遞下去。根據(jù)語境可知，她遭受眼睛問題，這是一段糟糕的經(jīng)歷，故選B項(xiàng)。
【18題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到如此無助和不安，因?yàn)槲业纳钯|(zhì)量受到了影響。A. story故事；B. treatment治療，對(duì)待；C. life生命，生活；D. relationship關(guān)系。主人公遭受眼部之苦，生活質(zhì)量自然會(huì)被影響，故選C項(xiàng)。
【19題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Burdeyney女士同跟她有相似問題的朋友交談并發(fā)現(xiàn)他們中的大多數(shù)都在默默地受苦。A. similar相似的；B. various多種多樣的；C. personal私人的；D. special特別的。跟與自己有相同問題的人交談并發(fā)現(xiàn)問題，符合語境邏輯，故選A項(xiàng)。
【20題詳解】
考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：Burdeyney女士同跟她有相似問題的朋友交談并發(fā)現(xiàn)他們中的大多數(shù)都在默默地受苦。A. in turn輪流；B. in peace和平地；C. in vain徒勞地；D. in silence默默地。根據(jù)后句“Nobody chooses to talk about it”（沒有人想談?wù)撍┛芍麄兒芏嗳吮３至顺聊?，故選D項(xiàng)。
【21題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她說沒有人選擇談?wù)撍驗(yàn)檫@看起來沒有意義。A. unbearable無法忍受的；B. abnormal不正常的；C. insignificant無意義的；D. disturbing擾人的。他們閉口不提的原因很可能是因?yàn)闊o意義，其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)不符合一般邏輯，故選C項(xiàng)。
【22題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是越來越多的人在受苦，生命陷入危險(xiǎn)。A. compromise使陷入危險(xiǎn)、妥協(xié)；B. forget遺忘；C. substitute替代、代替；D. separate分隔。越來越多的人在遭受眼睛問題帶來的痛苦，這屬于健康問題，威脅生命，故選A項(xiàng)。
【23題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最終Burdeyney女士了解了一項(xiàng)眼睛研究計(jì)劃，這是在以色列特拉維夫大學(xué)的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。A. course課程；B. program項(xiàng)目；C. paper紙、論文；D. conference會(huì)議。一項(xiàng)研究通常也被稱為一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，故選B項(xiàng)。
【24題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)包括了一位加拿大博士Allan Slomovic，其已經(jīng)用干細(xì)胞就眼睛護(hù)理問題做了開創(chuàng)性的工作。A. inform通知；B. doubt懷疑；C. include包括；D. dismiss解散。根據(jù)語境可知，這位專家在這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)中，故選C項(xiàng)。
【25題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)包括了一位加拿大博士Allan Slomovic，其已經(jīng)用干細(xì)胞就眼睛護(hù)理問題做了開創(chuàng)性的工作。A. part-time兼職的；B. controversial有爭(zhēng)議的；C. voluntary自愿的；D. ground-breaking開創(chuàng)性的。根據(jù)后句“Seeing a ray od hope”（看到了一絲希望）可知，他是帶來希望的人，是最先做的，他的工作具有開創(chuàng)性，故選D項(xiàng)。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：看到了一絲希望，Burdeyney女士開始和朋友多倫多商人Meryer一起這個(gè)項(xiàng)目籌集資金。A. money錢；B. standards標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；C. awareness意識(shí)；D. questions問題。根據(jù)后文他們籌集了111000美金可知此處指“籌集資金”，故選A項(xiàng)。
【27題詳解】
考查短語詞義辨析。句意：截至目前，他們已經(jīng)籌集了111000美金，有望再增加4000美金。A. as ever依舊、和往常一樣；B. so far目前；C. in return作為回報(bào)；D. once again再一次。根據(jù)本句的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，應(yīng)選擇so far，他們已經(jīng)籌集了111000美金，故選B項(xiàng)。
【28題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：截至目前，他們已經(jīng)籌集了111000美金，有望再增加4000美金。A. waste浪費(fèi)；B. donate捐贈(zèng)；C. expect期待、預(yù)期；D. earn贏得。根據(jù)語境目前已經(jīng)籌集了一筆錢，預(yù)期未來還有部分金額，故選C項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Burdeyney說，“我正在努力讓越來越多的人明白有解決辦法”。A. imagine想象；B. confirm確認(rèn)；C. remember記得；D. understand理解。結(jié)合前文很多人默默地受苦是因?yàn)榭床坏较Ｍ?，所以要讓他們理解辦法是有的，故選D項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一位受過專業(yè)培訓(xùn)的護(hù)士在退休之后仍然作為私人培訓(xùn)師在工作。A. retirement退休；B. childbirth出生；C. graduation畢業(yè)；D. marriage婚姻。根據(jù)still work可知，她本可以不工作了可知，她已經(jīng)退休了，故選A項(xiàng)。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我認(rèn)為沒有老的年紀(jì)，只有忽視。A. time時(shí)間；B. rule規(guī)則；C. age年齡；D. tale傳說。本文主要談?wù)摰氖巧狭四挲g的人的眼睛問題，故選C項(xiàng)。
【32題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不要呆著保持不動(dòng)，做點(diǎn)什么事情。A. straight直的；B. still靜止的；C. firm堅(jiān)定的；D. alone單獨(dú)。此處的stand意為“處于某種狀態(tài)”后跟形容詞作表語，呼吁人們采取行動(dòng)，不要什么都不做，故選B項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Burdeyney補(bǔ)充說她希望為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目做得更多。A. comment評(píng)論；B. learn學(xué)習(xí)；C. remind提醒；D. add補(bǔ)充說。前句為她說的話，后面又繼續(xù)說，即為補(bǔ)充說，故選D項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我只是想給人們的眼睛帶來光明，這只是一個(gè)開始。A. light光明；B. joy樂趣；C. color顏色；D. beauty美。根據(jù)常識(shí)，眼睛是人們識(shí)別光的器官，此處一語雙關(guān)，只看到的光，也指希望，故選A項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我只是想給人們的眼睛帶來光明，這只是一個(gè)開始。A. future未來；B. beginning開始；C. truth事實(shí)；D. meaning意義。根據(jù)后句“There is still a long way to go”（根據(jù)后句話有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。）可知，只是開始，故選B項(xiàng)。
2021年全國甲卷
It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
Burchill was ___21___ at the hotel on business and planning to ___22___ some friends in the area. They had asked him to ___23___ some pepperoni (辣香腸) from back east. So he ___24___ a suitcase full of pepperoni. As he was ___25___ that it would be too warm, he ___26___ it out on the table near an open window. He thought his pepperoni was ___27___ and well chilled (冷卻) and he ___28___ .
That's when things went ____29____ “I remember walking down the long _____30_____ and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of _____31_____ to the 4-star hotel. "The seagulls immediately went _____32_____ . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to _____33_____ at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down, It was a real _____34_____ .
Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion (莽撞).
“I have _____35_____ and I admit responsibility of my _____36_____,” he said in the letter. “I come to you, _____37_____ , to apologize for the-damage I had _____38_____ caused and to ask you to _____39_____ my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
His letter _____40_____ . Banned from the hotel since 2001.Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.
21. A. studying B. staying C. looking D. packing
22. A. visit B. help C. follow D. make
23. A. sell B. have C. bring D. taste
24. A. filled B. locked C. abandoned D. lost
25. A. surprised B. pleased C. excited D. worried
26. A. dug B. cleared C. cut D. laid
27. A. delicious B. safe C. soft D. ready
28. A. left B. nodded C. waited D. regretted
29. A. far B. funny C. wrong D. blind
30. A. beach B. driveway C. hall D. table
31. A. application B. apology C. request D. invitation
32. A. hungry B. dead C. missing D. wild
33. A. wake up B. get out C. take off D. break in
34. A. mess B. puzzle C. fight D. challenge
35. A. recovered B. retired C. escaped D. matured
36. A. suffering B. plans C. madness D. actions
37. A. hands in pocket B. nose in the air C. hat in hand D. feet on the ground
38. A. indirectly B. deliberately C. cautiously D. secretly
39. A. replace B. remember C. reconsider D. renew
40. A. arrived B. worked C. ended D. disappeared
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講了Burchill住酒店時(shí)，給朋友攜帶的意大利香腸招來了海鷗，海鷗在逃跑的過程中，造成了一些東西的損壞，Burchill間接給酒店造成了損失。酒店把Burchill列入了黑名單，Burchill被終身禁止入住該酒店。Burchill誠懇地寫了道歉信，請(qǐng)求酒店重新考慮自己被終身禁止入住酒店的決定。最終，他的信起作用了。
【21題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Burchill出差，當(dāng)時(shí)正在酒店收拾行李，準(zhǔn)備去拜訪當(dāng)?shù)氐囊恍┡笥选. studying研究；B. staying停留；C. looking看；D. packing包裝。根據(jù)“Burchill was 21 at the hotel on business and planning to 22 some friends in the area.”及生活常識(shí)可知，Burchill出差住在酒店，準(zhǔn)備去拜訪當(dāng)?shù)氐囊恍┡笥?，自然是在酒店收拾行李。故選D。
【22題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Burchill出差，當(dāng)時(shí)正在酒店收拾行李，準(zhǔn)備去拜訪當(dāng)?shù)氐囊恍┡笥?。A. visit拜訪；B. help幫助；C. follow跟隨；D. make制作。根據(jù)“They had asked him to 23 some pepperoni (辣香腸) from back east. So he 24 a suitcase full of pepperoni.”可知，朋友讓他帶一些東西，由此推知Burchill準(zhǔn)備去拜訪當(dāng)?shù)氐囊恍┡笥?。故選A。
【23題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們讓他從美國東部帶些意大利香腸過來。A. sell賣；B. have有；C. bring帶來； D. taste品嘗。根據(jù)“So he 24 a suitcase full of pepperoni.”可知，Burchill的朋友讓他從美國東部帶些意大利香腸過來。故選C。
【24題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所以他裝了滿滿一箱子意大利香腸。A. filled裝滿；B. locked鎖上；C. abandoned拋棄；D. lost丟失。根據(jù)“a suitcase full of pepperoni”和“They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni — everywhere.”可知，他裝了滿滿一箱子意大利香腸。故選A。
【25題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因?yàn)閾?dān)心會(huì)太熱，他把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇開著的窗戶。A. surprised感到驚訝的；B. pleased高興的；C. excited興奮的；D. worried擔(dān)心的。根據(jù)“he 26 it out on the table near an open window.”可知，他擔(dān)心意大利香腸會(huì)太熱，所以把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇開著的窗戶。故選D。
【26題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因?yàn)閾?dān)心會(huì)太熱，他把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇開著的窗戶。A. dug挖； B. cleared清除；C. cut切下；D. laid放。根據(jù)“it out on the table near an open window”可知，他把它放在桌子上。故選D。
【27題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他以為他的意大利香腸是安全的，冷卻得很好，就走了。A. delicious美味的； B. safe安全的；C. soft柔軟的；D. ready準(zhǔn)備好。根據(jù)““I remember walking down the long 30 and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of 31 to the 4-star hotel.”可知，Burchill離開了，由此推知，他以為他的意大利香腸是安全的，冷卻得很好。故選B。
【28題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他以為他的意大利香腸是安全的，冷卻得很好，就走了。A. left離開；B. nodded點(diǎn)頭；C. waited等待；D. regretted后悔。根據(jù)““I remember walking down the long 30 and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of 31 to the 4-star hotel.”可知，Burchill離開了。故選A。
【29題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：事情就在這時(shí)出了問題。A. far遠(yuǎn)的；B. funny有趣的；C. wrong失常的；D. blind盲目的。根據(jù)“The seagulls immediately went 32 . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni — everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down, It was a real 34 .”可知，事情就在這時(shí)出了問題。故選C。
【30題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Burchill在最近給這家四星級(jí)酒店的一封道歉信中說：“我記得我走過長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的大廳，打開房門，發(fā)現(xiàn)滿滿一群海鷗?！盇. beach海灘；B. driveway私人車道；C. hall大廳；D. table桌子。根據(jù)“and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls”可知，Burchill走過長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的大廳。故選C。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Burchill在最近給這家四星級(jí)酒店的一封道歉信中說：“我記得我走過長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的大廳，打開房門，發(fā)現(xiàn)滿滿一群海鷗?！盇. application申請(qǐng)；B. apology道歉；C. request要求；D. invitation邀請(qǐng)。根據(jù)““I have 35 and I admit responsibility of my 36 ,” he said in the letter. “I come to you, 37 , to apologize for the-damage I had 38 caused and to ask you to 39 my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
”可知，Burchill給酒店寫了一封道歉信。故選B。
【32題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：海鷗立刻變得瘋狂起來。A. hungry饑餓的；B. dead死亡的；C. missing失蹤的； D. wild瘋狂的。根據(jù)“They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni — everywhere.”可知，海鷗被突然回到房間的Burchill嚇到了，變得瘋狂起來。故選D。
【33題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：它們沖到窗口，30或40只鳥都想同時(shí)出去，到處都是意大利香腸。A. wake up醒來；B. get out出去；C. take off起飛；D. break in闖入。根據(jù)“They rushed to the window”及生活常識(shí)可知，鳥看到人類很害怕，想同時(shí)從窗戶逃出去。故選B。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：窗簾在落下，燈也在落下，真是一團(tuán)糟。A. mess混亂； B. puzzle不解之謎；C. fight打架；D. challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)“The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down”可知，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)一片混亂。故選A。
【35題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我成熟了，我承認(rèn)對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)，”他在信中說。A. recovered恢復(fù)；B. retired退休；C. escaped逃跑；D. matured成熟。根據(jù)“and I admit responsibility of my 36 ,”可知，這里意思是Burchill認(rèn)為自己成熟了。故選D。
【36題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我成熟了，我承認(rèn)對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)，”他在信中說。A. suffering苦難；B. plans計(jì)劃；C. madness瘋狂；D. actions行為。根據(jù)“I come to you, 37 , to apologize for the-damage I had 38 caused and to ask you to 39 my lifetime ban from the hotel.”可知，Burchill承認(rèn)對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)。故選D。
【37題詳解】
考查固定短語辨析。句意：我來找你，恭恭敬敬地，為我間接造成的傷害道歉并請(qǐng)求您重新考慮我被終身禁止入住酒店的決定。A. hands in pocket手放在口袋里； B. nose in the air目中無人；C. hat in hand畢恭畢敬地；D. feet on the ground腳踏實(shí)地。根據(jù)“to apologize for the-damage I had 38 caused and to ask you to 39 my lifetime ban from the hotel.”及生活常識(shí)可知，向別人道歉，應(yīng)該表明自己是畢恭畢敬地。故選C。
【38題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我來找你，恭恭敬敬地，為我間接造成的傷害道歉并請(qǐng)求您重新考慮我被終身禁止入住酒店的決定。A. indirectly間接；B. deliberately故意地；C. cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地；D. secretly秘密地。根據(jù)“The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down”可知，作者攜帶的意大利香腸招來了海鷗，海鷗在逃跑的過程中，造成了一些東西的損壞，Burchill間接給酒店造成了損失。故選A。
【39題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我來找你，恭恭敬敬地，為我間接造成的傷害道歉并請(qǐng)求您重新考慮我被終身禁止入住酒店的決定。A. replace取代；B. remember記得；C. reconsider重新考慮；D. renew更新。根據(jù)“my lifetime ban from the hotel.”和“Banned from the hotel since 2001. Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.”可知，Burchill請(qǐng)求酒店重新考慮自己被終身禁止入住酒店的決定。故選C。
【40題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他的信起作用了。A. arrived到達(dá)；B. worked起作用；C. ended結(jié)束；D. disappeared消失。根據(jù)“Banned from the hotel since 2001. Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.”可知，他的信起作用了。故選B。
2021年6月浙江卷
My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her ___16___ and visit the doctor, providing ___17___ and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to ___18___ some small things she needs.
Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was ___19___ about three dollars. The only ___20___ to pay for the groceries was to take off the ___21___ she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol（醫(yī)用酒精）and a bar of soup. By taking of these, she was able to ___22___ the new total to the amount of cash she had with her.
At this store, people ___23___ and then go off to the side to ___24___ their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a ____25____ came up to her and said, "Here are the things that you ____26____ ." handing her the rubbing alcohol and the ____27____ . My mother, who is never speechless, was speechless. She ____28____ for the woman's name and address so that she could ____29____ her. The woman told her it was her ____30____ .
My mother was so ____31____ by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier（收銀員）a five-dollar bill to keep on hand ____32____ the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enough ____33____ for all of their groceries.
So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of ____34____ that not only helped my mother out, but ____35____ too.
16. A. exercise B. housework C. cooking D. shopping
17. A. reward B. medicine C. company D. shelter
18. A. return B. collet C. order D. buy
19. A. short B. cautious C. wrong D. concerned
20. A. aim B. way C. advice D. reason
21. A. weight B. things C. mask D. glasses
22. A. raise B. add C. bring D. switch
23. A. show up B. call in C. check out D. sit down
24. A. store B. select C. deliver D. bag
25. A. stranger B. cashier C. friend D. doctor
26. A. looked for B. talked about C. threw away D. put back
27. A. receipt B. soap C. cash D. bottle
28. A. asked B. waited C. cared D. searched
29. A. repay B. trust C. recognize D. help
30. A. luck B. chance C. gift D. turn
31. A. surprised B. amused C. touched D. convinced
32. A. in case B. even if C. as though D. so that
33. A. energy B. money C. space D. time
34. A. faith B. courage C. kindness D. honor
35. A. made her day B. changed her mind C. caught her eye D. met her demand
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. B 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【16題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每周，我?guī)赣H去購物，看醫(yī)生。exercise鍛煉；housework家務(wù)活；cooking烹飪；shopping購物。根據(jù)上文中“My mother is 92”和下一句中的“go to a nearby store”可知，作者母親年紀(jì)大，每周作者帶著母親去“購物”。故選D。
【17題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每周，我都帶母親去購物，看醫(yī)生，提供陪伴和交通工具。reward報(bào)酬，酬謝；medicine藥；company陪伴；shelter遮蔽，庇護(hù)。根據(jù)前文“My mother is 92…I take my mother to do her shopping and visit the doctor”可知，作者“陪同”上了年紀(jì)的母親去購物，看醫(yī)生。故選C。
【18題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，在這一周里，母親喜歡去附近的一個(gè)商店買她需要的一些小東西。return返回；collect收集；order訂購；buy買。根據(jù)下文中的“small things she needs”可知，作者母親去一家附近的商店去“買”她所需要的一些小東西。故選D。
【19題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她去付款的時(shí)候，她缺了大約3美元。short缺少的；cautious謹(jǐn)慎的；wrong錯(cuò)誤的；concerned關(guān)心的。根據(jù)下文中的“The only way to pay for the groceries was to take off the 39 she could do without…”可知，作者的母親想要支付這些東西的唯一方式就是把可以不買的醫(yī)用酒精和肥皂放下。由此推知，作者的母親帶的現(xiàn)金不夠。故選A。
【20題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：支付這些東西的唯一“方式”把可以不買的醫(yī)用酒精和肥皂放下。aim目標(biāo)；way方法，方式；advice建議；reason原因。結(jié)合上題解析可知，作者的母親帶的現(xiàn)金不夠，所以把可以不買的醫(yī)用酒精和肥皂放下是她能夠支付這些東西的唯一“方式”。故選B。
【21題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：支付這些東西的唯一“方式”把可以不買的醫(yī)用酒精和肥皂放下。weight重量；things東西；mask口罩；glasses眼鏡。根據(jù)下文中的“a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap”可知，醫(yī)用酒精和肥皂是作者母親暫時(shí)可以不買的“東西”。故選B。
【22題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：通過拿掉這些東西，她最終能夠使現(xiàn)在的商品總值達(dá)到了她所帶的現(xiàn)金金額范圍。raise提高；add添加；bring使……處于某種狀況，使……到某地；switch轉(zhuǎn)變。根據(jù)上文可知，母親拿掉了一些東西才能夠使得現(xiàn)在的商品總值達(dá)到了她所帶的現(xiàn)金金額。bring sth. to sth.表示“使……處于某種狀況”，符合語境。該處指“使商品總值達(dá)到母親所帶金額范圍之內(nèi)”。故選C。
【23題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：在這家商店里，人們先結(jié)賬，然后到一邊去把他們買的東西裝到袋子里。show up出現(xiàn)，露面；call in叫……來，拜訪；check out結(jié)賬離開；sit down坐下。根據(jù)空后的“then go off to the side”可知，在這家商店里，人們先結(jié)賬，然后到一邊去。故選C。
【24題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在這家商店里，人們先結(jié)賬，然后到一邊去把他們買的東西裝到袋子里。store貯藏；select挑選；deliver遞送；bag把……裝進(jìn)袋子。根據(jù)下一句中的“putting her groceries into shopping bags”可知，在這間店里，人們結(jié)完賬之后，然后走到一邊，將所購之物裝進(jìn)購物袋。故選D。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的母親正在把買的東西放進(jìn)袋子里，這時(shí)候突然一個(gè)陌生人走過來，說……。stranger陌生人；cashier收銀員；friend朋友；doctor醫(yī)生。根據(jù)下文中的“She ___ for the woman’s name and address”可知，這個(gè)女人對(duì)作者的母親而言是個(gè)陌生人，所以作者母親要她的姓名和地址。故選A。
【26題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：這是你放回去的東西。look for尋找；talk about談?wù)?；throw away扔掉；put back放回。根據(jù)上一段的“…take off the ___ she could do without：a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap. By taking off these…”可知，由于缺大約3美元，作者母親將醫(yī)用酒精和肥皂拿出來，放回到貨架上。故選D。
【27題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：…遞給她醫(yī)用酒精和肥皂。receipt收據(jù)；soap肥皂；cash現(xiàn)金；bottle瓶子。根據(jù)上文中的“…take off the 41 she could do without：a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap. By taking off these…”可知，作者母親放回去的有醫(yī)用酒精和一塊肥皂?，F(xiàn)在陌生人幫作者母親又把這些東西買了下來。故選B。
【28題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她要這個(gè)女人的姓名和地址。ask詢問；wait等待；care在乎；search搜索。根據(jù)上文可知，陌生女人幫助了作者母親，所以作者母親想要對(duì)方的姓名和住址以便報(bào)答對(duì)方的幫助。故選A。
【29題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她要這個(gè)女人姓名和地址以便她可以報(bào)答她。repay報(bào)答；trust信任；recognize認(rèn)出；help幫助。根據(jù)上文可知，陌生女人幫助了作者母親，所以作者母親詢問對(duì)方的姓名和住址，這樣就可以報(bào)答對(duì)方了。故選A。
【30題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)女人告訴她這是她的禮物。luck運(yùn)氣；chance機(jī)會(huì)；gift禮物；turn（依次輪到的）機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)下一句中的“She was so ___ by her gesture that …”可知，這個(gè)女人并沒有告訴作者母親她的姓名地址，并不期望作者母親的報(bào)答。所以這是她給母親的“禮物”。故選C。
【31題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的母親如此感動(dòng)以至于她決定回到那家商店給收銀員5美元的鈔票。surprised驚訝的；amused被逗樂的；touched受到觸動(dòng)的，感動(dòng)的；convinced相信的。陌生女人的無私幫助感動(dòng)了母親。故選C。
【32題詳解】
考查短語辨析。句意：她決定回到商店，給收銀員一張5美元的鈔票，以防同樣的事情（即：沒有足夠的錢支付所購買的東西）發(fā)生在其他人身上。in case以防，萬一；even if即使；as though盡管；so that以便，結(jié)果……。如果其他人遇到?jīng)]有足夠的錢支付所購買的東西時(shí)，母親的五美元鈔票可以提供一些幫助。所以母親給收銀員一張5美元的鈔票，就是以防同樣情況的發(fā)生。故選A。
【33題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她決定回到商店，給收銀員一張5美元的鈔票，以防同樣的事情（即：沒有足夠的錢支付所購買的東西）發(fā)生在其他人身上。energy能量，精力；money錢；space地方，空間；time時(shí)間。根據(jù)上文中的“a five-dollar bill”可知，作者母親給收銀員一張5美元的鈔票，以防有人沒有足夠的“錢”來支付他們所購買的東西。故選B。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不管你是誰，都要謝謝你善意的行為。faith信任，信念；courage勇氣；kindness善良；honor榮譽(yù)。陌生女人幫助母親，這是一種“善意的”行為。故選C。
【35題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：謝謝你善意的行為，這種行為不經(jīng)幫助了我的母親，而且使她很開心。make one’s day使某人開心；change one’s mind改變主意；catch one’s eye吸引某人的注意力；meet one’s demand滿足某人的要求。得到幫助，作者母親心情愉悅，十分開心。故選A。

2021年3月天津卷
For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got ____16____ when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his ____17____ took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy ____18____.
For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was ____19____ his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the ____20____ of bikes was Covid-19 related, and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed ____21____ to get to work?
With that thought in mind, Pruitt ____22____ a plan and posted it on the community website. He ____23____ to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair-again ____24____. And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have the ____25____ to buy one.
The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty ____26____ bicycles. Then came more than 500 ____27____ for detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be ____28____ to their owners.
Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are ____29____ struggling. ____30____ simply satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.
In addition to ____31____ skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. ____32____, the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
"It's a really great ____33____ for kids,“ said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. "Pruitt is certainly providing a ____34____, but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's the ____35____ that he can make on people."
16. A. amazed B. mad C. curious D. frightened
17. A. emotions B. career C. opinions D. route
18. A. ever B. together C. instead D. yet
19. A. ride B. lock C. repair D. replace
20. A. lack B. variety C. increase D. quality
21. A. instruction B. qualification C. transportation D. permission
22. A. came up with B. stuck to C. gave up D. broke away from
23. A. remembered B. refused C. hesitated D. offered
24. A. by accident B. in advance C. for free D. on credit
25. A. profit B. budget C. courage D. excuse
26. A. shared B. used C. expensive D. modern
27. A. enquiries B. advertisements C. notices D. announcements
28. A. exported B. sold C. lent D. returned
29. A. hardly B. slightly C. truly D. instantly
30. A. Without B. Beyond C. Upon D. Among
31. A. practical B. commercial C. mathematical D. social
32. A. Otherwise B. However C. Somehow D. Meanwhile
33. A. promise B. celebration C. comfort D. experience
34. A. competition B. service C. ceremony D. suggestion
35. A. compromise B. impression C. impact D. progress
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了Robbie Pruitt在自己的自行車被偷后，想出了給人免費(fèi)修車的計(jì)劃。他把這一計(jì)劃發(fā)布到了網(wǎng)上，主動(dòng)提出為有需要的人免費(fèi)修理自行車。他還想要一些沒人要的自行車，他愿意再免費(fèi)修理一次。然后他會(huì)把它們捐給那些真正需要它們但沒有預(yù)算買的人。他還教授鄰居的孩子們免費(fèi)修車，得到了鄰居的贊賞。
【16題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Robbie Pruitt承認(rèn)，去年9月發(fā)現(xiàn)他的山地車被盜時(shí)，他很生氣。A. amazed驚訝的；B. mad生氣的；C. curious好奇的；D. frightened害怕的。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)etting go of his anger”可知發(fā)現(xiàn)車被偷，Robbie Pruitt當(dāng)時(shí)很生氣。故選B。
【17題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但很快，他的情緒發(fā)生了變化。A. emotions情緒；B. career事業(yè)；C. opinions觀點(diǎn)；D. route路線。結(jié)合后文“After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy”可知Robbie Pruitt從生氣沮喪變成了同情，情緒發(fā)生了變化。故選A。
【18題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在放下憤怒和沮喪之后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己走上了同情之路。A. ever曾經(jīng)；B. together一起；C. instead相反；D. yet然而。結(jié)合上文“he found himself on a road to sympathy”可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的車被偷，Robbie Pruitt放下憤怒和沮喪，反而走上了同情他人的道路。故選C。
【19題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)于熱衷于騎自行車的Pruitt來說，第一件要做的事就是取代他被偷的自行車。A. ride騎車；B. lock鎖上；C. repair修理；D. replace取代。根據(jù)后文“his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping”可知車被偷，Pruitt要買車來取代被偷的自行車。故選D。
【20題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)他去買自行車時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)幾乎沒有自行車，這讓他想到：如果缺少自行車與Covid-19有關(guān)，如果騎他自行車的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. lack缺乏；B. variety多樣；C. increase增加；D. quality質(zhì)量。根據(jù)上文“he found few available”可知商店里也缺少自行車。故選A。
【21題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)他去買自行車時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)幾乎沒有自行車，這讓他想到：如果缺少自行車與Covid-19有關(guān)，如果騎他自行車的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. instruction指令；B. qualification資格；C. transportation運(yùn)輸工具；D. permission允許。根據(jù)前后文“needed … to get to work”可知，Pruitt猜測(cè)偷自己自行車的人是因?yàn)榇_實(shí)需要交通工具去上班。故選C。
【22題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：帶著這個(gè)想法，Pruitt想出了一個(gè)計(jì)劃，并把它發(fā)布在了社區(qū)網(wǎng)站上。A. came up with提出；B. stuck to堅(jiān)持；C. gave up放棄；D. broke away from突然逃跑。根據(jù)后文“a plan and posted it on the community website”指想出了一個(gè)計(jì)劃，come up with符合語境。故選A。
【23題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他主動(dòng)提出為有需要的人免費(fèi)修理自行車。A. remembered記得；B. refused拒絕；C. hesitated猶豫；D. offered提議。結(jié)合后文“to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it”指Pruitt提議為他人免費(fèi)修車，offer to do sth.“主動(dòng)提出做某事”。故選D。
【24題詳解】
考查固定短語辨析。句意：他還想要一些沒人要的自行車，他愿意再免費(fèi)修理一次。A. by accident偶然；B. in advance提前；C. for free免費(fèi)；D. on credit賒賬。呼應(yīng)上文“fix bikes free of charge”他的修車都是免費(fèi)的。故選C。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他會(huì)把它們捐給那些真正需要它們但沒有預(yù)算買的人。A. profit利潤(rùn)；B. budget預(yù)算；C. courage勇氣；D. excuse借口。根據(jù)前后文“folks who could truly use them but didn't have the…to buy one”可知，Pruitt捐車的對(duì)象是那些需要車但是預(yù)算不夠，買不起的人，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明預(yù)算緊張。故選B。
【26題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這一帖子發(fā)布當(dāng)天，Pruitt收到了30輛二手自行車。A. shared共享的；B. used二手的；C. expensive昂貴的；D. modern現(xiàn)代的。根據(jù)上文“He also asked for unwanted bikes”可知，Pruitt也回收不想要的二手車，所以在帖子發(fā)布當(dāng)天收到了30輛二手自行車。故選B。
【27題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后就來了500多個(gè)詢問詳細(xì)信息的詢問。A. enquiries詢問；B. advertisements廣告；C. notices通知；D. announcements公告。根據(jù)后文“for detailed information”可知有詢問詳細(xì)信息的詢問。故選A。
【28題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：到2020年底，Pruitt已經(jīng)修復(fù)了140多件自行車，這些自行車要么捐贈(zèng)，要么返還原主。A. exported出口；B. sold出售；C. lent借給；D. returned返回，返還。結(jié)合后文“to their owners”指修好的車返還給主人，return符合語境。故選D。
【29題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Pruitt試圖把他的捐贈(zèng)捐給那些真正生活困難掙扎的家庭。A. hardly幾乎不；B. slightly輕微地；C. truly真實(shí)地；D. instantly立即。此處呼應(yīng)上文“folks who could truly use them”指Pruitt的捐贈(zèng)都是給那些真正生活有困難的家庭的。故選C。
【30題詳解】
考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：在僅僅滿足物質(zhì)需求的基礎(chǔ)上，他為鄰居的孩子們提供了一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)如何修理自行車的機(jī)會(huì)。A. Without除了；B. Beyond越過；C. Upon在……上；D. Among在……中間。結(jié)合后文“simply satisfying a material need”表示“在僅僅滿足物質(zhì)需求的基礎(chǔ)上”應(yīng)用介詞upon。故選C。
【31題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：除了實(shí)用技能，Pruitt的課程還教授團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，鼓勵(lì)自我價(jià)值，促進(jìn)社區(qū)感覺。A. practical實(shí)際的；B. commercial商業(yè)的；C. mathematical數(shù)學(xué)的；D. social社會(huì)的。根據(jù)上文“he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.”可知，Pruitt為鄰居的孩子們提供了一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)如何修理自行車的機(jī)會(huì)，即教授他們實(shí)用技能。故選A。
【32題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：同時(shí)，孩子們也有了一種成就感。A. Otherwise否則；B. However然而；C. Somehow不知怎么；D. Meanwhile同時(shí)。根據(jù)前后文語境，可知孩子們通過參加Pruitt的課程，學(xué)到了實(shí)用技能，同時(shí)還有了一種成就感，Meanwhile符合語境。故選D。
【33題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一位鄰居在接受當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙采訪時(shí)說：“對(duì)孩子們來說，這真是一次很棒的經(jīng)歷。”A. promise承諾；B. celebration慶祝；C. comfort安慰；D. experience經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)語境，參與Pruitt的課程對(duì)孩子們來說，是一次經(jīng)歷。故選D。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Pruitt當(dāng)然會(huì)提供服務(wù)，但不僅僅是自行車。A. competition比賽；B. service服務(wù)；C. ceremony典禮；D. suggestion建議。結(jié)合上文可知，Pruitt為人們免費(fèi)修車，還為社區(qū)的孩子教授如何修車，所以他提供的是服務(wù)。故選B。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：而是他能對(duì)人們產(chǎn)生的影響。A. compromise妥協(xié)；B. impression印象；C. impact影響；D. progress進(jìn)步。根據(jù)后文“he can make on people”可知為短語make impact on“對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響”。故選C。
2020年新課標(biāo)II卷
It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot be ___41___ to the public because of Italy’s privacy laws, ___42___ working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction(拍賣)” ___43___ by the Italian police where things ___44___ on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look ___45___above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder ___46___ until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.
When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he ___47___ the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had ___48___ from Turin. His son, age 15, who had ___49___ an art appreciation class, thought that there was something ____50____ about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed(簽名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he ____51____ it, he only found “Bonnard,” a French ____52____ he had never heard of. He bought a book and was ____53____ to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same ____54____ as his father’s painting.
“That’s the garden in our picture,” Nicolo’s son told his father. They ____55____ learned that the painting they ____56____was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.” They ____57____ the other painting and learned that it was ____58____ Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” The ____59____ called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were ____60____ and worth as much as $50 million.
41. A. attached B. allocated C. exposed D. submitted
42. A. finished B. delayed C. considered D. tried
43. A. attended B. reserved C. cancelled D. run
44. A. shown B. found C. kept D. hidden
45. A. nice B. familiar C. useful D. real
46. A. battled B. debated C. discussed D. bargain
47. A. held B. left C. registered D. brought
48. A. chosen B. received C. ordered D. moved
49. A. missed B. failed C. taken D. led
50. A. concrete B. unusual C. unappealing D. natual
51. A. appreciated B. touched C. researched D. witnessed
52. A. painter B. designer C. author D. actor
53. A. expected B. surprised C. anxious D. ready
54. A. room B. kitchen C. hall D. garden
55. A. apparently B. confidently C. eventually D. temporarily
56. A. owned B. borrowed C. sold D. stole
57. A. collected B. cleaned C. framed D. studied
58. A. suitably B. actually C. rightly D. specifically
59. A. girl B. artist C. family D. police
60. A. copies B. originals C. models D. presents
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. A 47. D 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C 56. A 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. B
【解析】
這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一個(gè)名叫Nicolo的人在拍賣會(huì)上以低價(jià)購得兩幅畫。后來他學(xué)藝術(shù)欣賞的兒子經(jīng)過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)這兩副畫可能來自著名畫家，他們打電話給意大利文化部，那兒的官員證實(shí)這兩幅畫都是畫家的真跡，價(jià)值至少5000萬美元。
【41題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工廠的工作，他的真實(shí)名字因意大利的隱私法不能暴露給公眾。A. attached 附加，附屬；B. allocated分配；C. exposed暴露；D. submitted上交。根據(jù)下文的because of Italy's privacy可知此處用be exposed to“暴露”符合語境，故選C項(xiàng)。
【42題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工廠的工作，他的真實(shí)名字因?yàn)橐獯罄碾[私法不能暴露給警方。A. finished完成；B. delayed推遲；C. considered考慮；D. tried嘗試。根據(jù)上文的It was just after sunrise on a June morning可推測(cè)Nicolo剛在工廠里上完了夜班，即完成了一整夜的工作，故選A項(xiàng)。
【43題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：像往常一樣，他順便去了“下班后拍賣”，這個(gè)拍賣會(huì)是由意大利警方進(jìn)行，在火車上發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西賣給出價(jià)最高的競(jìng)標(biāo)人。A. attended參加；B. reserved保護(hù)；C. cancelled取消；D. run進(jìn)行。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，拍賣會(huì)上需要有警察來維持秩序，進(jìn)行拍賣，故選D項(xiàng)。
【44題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：像往常一樣，他順便去了“下班后拍賣”，這個(gè)拍賣會(huì)是由意大利警察管理的，在火車上發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西賣給出價(jià)最高的競(jìng)標(biāo)人。A. shown展示；B. found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C. kept保存；D. hidden隱藏。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是指拍賣的東西都是從一列火車上發(fā)現(xiàn)的，故選B項(xiàng)。
【45題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，很多其它東西中，Nicolo看到了兩幅畫，他覺得它們看起來掛在自己的餐桌上方會(huì)很漂亮。A. nice漂亮的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. useful有用的； D. real真的。根據(jù)下文的Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可推測(cè)Nicolo認(rèn)為這兩幅畫掛在自己的餐桌前會(huì)很漂亮，所以才會(huì)出高價(jià)買，故選A項(xiàng)。
【46題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Nicolo和另外一個(gè)競(jìng)標(biāo)人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，直到Nicolo最終以32美元的價(jià)格贏得了這兩幅畫。A. battled競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；B. debated辯論；C. discussed 討論；D. bargained討價(jià)還價(jià)。根據(jù)上文的were sold to the highest bidder可知此處用“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”符合語境，故選A項(xiàng)。
【47題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Nicolo退休去Sicily居住時(shí)，他帶上了這兩幅畫。A. held拿著；B. left離開，留下；C. registered注冊(cè)；D. brought帶來。根據(jù)下文he hung them above the same table可知，Nicolo搬家時(shí)帶上了這兩幅畫，故選D項(xiàng)。
【48題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他把它們掛在同一張桌子的上面，這張桌子是他從Turin搬來的。A. chosen選擇；B. received收到；C. ordered 命令；D. moved搬。根據(jù)上文的the same table可知，Nicolo搬家時(shí)也把桌子搬來了，故選D項(xiàng)。
【49題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他15歲的兒子在上一門藝術(shù)欣賞課，他認(rèn)為那幅有一個(gè)年輕女孩坐在花園椅子上的畫是不尋常的。A. missed錯(cuò)過；B. failed失?。籆. taken拿；D. led導(dǎo)致。根據(jù)句意可知，此處考查固定短語take classes“上課”，故選C項(xiàng)。
【50題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析，句意：句意：他15歲的兒子在上一門藝術(shù)欣賞課，他認(rèn)為那副有一個(gè)年輕女孩坐在花園椅子上的畫是不尋常的。A. concrete具體的；B. unusual不尋常的；C. unappealing不吸引人的；D. natural自然的。根據(jù)下文的it was signed ''Bonnato'' or he thought可知，兒子認(rèn)為這幅畫可能是一個(gè)著名畫家的畫，故覺得它有些不同尋常，故選B項(xiàng)。
【51題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：畫上署名Bonnato或者他認(rèn)為是這樣，但當(dāng)他仔細(xì)研究它時(shí)，他只發(fā)現(xiàn)了“Bonnard”，一個(gè)他從未聽說過的法國畫家。A. appreciated欣賞；B. touched觸摸；C. researched研究；D. witnessed目睹。根據(jù)下文的he only found ''Bonnard''可推測(cè)兒子仔細(xì)研究了畫，故選C項(xiàng)。
【52題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：畫上署名Bonnato或者他認(rèn)為是這樣，但當(dāng)他仔細(xì)研究它時(shí)，他只發(fā)現(xiàn)了Bonnard，一個(gè)他從未聽說過的法國畫家。A. painter畫家；B. designer設(shè)計(jì)師；C. author 作家；D. actor演員。根據(jù)下文的a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard可知，此處用畫家符合語境，故選A項(xiàng)。
【53題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他買了一本書，非常吃驚的發(fā)現(xiàn)里面有一幅藝術(shù)家Pierre Bonnard的畫，他坐在和父親畫里面一樣的花園里，一樣的椅子上。A. expected意料的；B. surprised驚訝的；C. anxious焦慮的；D. ready準(zhǔn)備好的。根據(jù)下文的sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his father's painting可知此處用“吃驚的”符合語境，故選B項(xiàng)。
【54題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他買了一本書，非常吃驚的發(fā)現(xiàn)里面有一幅藝術(shù)家Pierre Bonnard的畫，他坐在和父親畫里面一樣的花園里，一樣的椅子上。A. room房間；B. kitchen餐廳； C. hall 大廳；D. garden花園。根據(jù)上文的with a young girl sitting on a garden chair可知此處用“花園”符合語境，garden是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選D項(xiàng)。
【55題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們最終知道他們擁有的這幅畫叫做“有兩把椅子的女孩”。A. apparently明顯地；B. confidently自信地；C. eventually 最后；D. temporary暫時(shí)的。根據(jù)上文的he bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same as his father's painting可知，此處是指經(jīng)過一系列的對(duì)比和研究，他們終于從一本書上得知了其中一副畫的名字，故選C項(xiàng)。
【56題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們最終知道他們擁有的這幅畫叫做“有兩把椅子的女孩”。A. owned擁有；B. borrowed借；C. sold賣；D. stole偷。根據(jù)上文的Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可知，這幅畫的所有權(quán)是Nicolo的，即他們擁有它，故選A項(xiàng)。
【57題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們研究了另一幅畫，發(fā)現(xiàn)它事實(shí)上是Paul Gauguin的《Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog》。A. collected收集；B. cleaned打掃；C. framed制定；D. studied研究。根據(jù)上文的but when he 51 it可知此處用“研究”符合語境，research和study是同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選D項(xiàng)。
【58題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們研究了另一幅畫，發(fā)現(xiàn)它事實(shí)上是Paul Gauguin的《Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog》。A. suitably適合地；B. actually事實(shí)上；C. rightly正確地；D. specifically具體地。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是指他們研究了另外一副畫，事實(shí)證明也是一副著名畫家的畫，故選B項(xiàng)。
【59題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這家人給意大利文化部打電話，官員肯定這些畫是原版，價(jià)值高達(dá)5000萬美元。A. girl女孩；B. artist藝術(shù)家；C. family家庭；D. police警察。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處是指Nicolo一家為了鑒別畫的真?zhèn)谓o意大利文化部打電話，故選C項(xiàng)。
【60題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這家人給意大利文化部打電話，官員肯定這些畫是原版，價(jià)值高達(dá)5000萬美元。A. copies復(fù)制品；B. originals原版；C. models 模型；D. presents禮物。根據(jù)下文的as much as $50 million可推測(cè)，這兩幅畫都是畫家的原版，故選B項(xiàng)。
2020年6月浙江卷
I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger scat.
One morning I ___36___ a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become separated from its ___37___ , so I jumped out of the tractor to ___38___ it while Don stayed in his seat.
Lamb and mother ___39___ , I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so ___40___ because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. ___41___ Don had somehow made the ___42___move.
My heart froze in my chest as I ___43___ the tractor heading towards the ___44___ .I ran desperately but failed to _____45_____. It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The _____46_____ thing I saw was Don’s face, looking calmly back at me.
Heart in mouth, I _____47_____ the fence and looked over. The tractor was _____48_____against the crash barrier in the central reservation, having miraculously(奇跡般地) crossed the _____49_____ road with fast-flowing traffic. I couldn’t see Don, but as I _____50_____ the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently _____51_____ , and dashed back to me.
The police _____52_____ and the motorway ran normally again. I couldn't quite believe my _____53_____ it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been _____54_____ .Don was given a special _____55_____ that night—I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him.
36. A. dropped B. spotted C. carried D. returned
37. A. kids B. friends C. owner D. mother
38. A. ask about B. play with C. tend to D. run into
39. A. freed B. switched C. reunited D. examined
40. A. unexpected B. dangerous C. embarrassing D. difficult
41. A. Fortunately B. Generally C. Immediately D. Obviously
42. A. lamb B. vehicle C. seat D. fence
43. A. saw B. stopped C. remembered D. drove
44. A. crowd B. motorway C. field D. hill
45. A. take off B. catch up C. hold back D. get out
46. A. real B. best C. basic D. last
47. A. fixed B. noticed C. reached D. closed
48. A. resting B. running C. parking D. turning
49. A. sleep B. long C. rough D. busy
50. A. abandoned B. approached C. recognized D. repaired
51. A. unclean B. uncertain C. unhurt D. unhappy
52. A. arrived B. replied C. survived D. waited
53. A. ability B. dream C. luck D. idea
54. A. common B. confusing C. desirable D. awful
55. A. meal B. test C. job D. lesson
【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. C 40. A 41. D 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. A 49. D 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講了作者開車帶著它的狗去田地，路上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只和它媽媽走散的小羊。作者下車去照看小羊，把自己的狗留在了車上。后來，作者幫助小羊找到了媽媽，誰知竟發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的狗開著拖拉機(jī)沖到了高速路上。作者趕緊沿途追趕，害怕造成嚴(yán)重的后果。幸運(yùn)的是，最后沒有人受傷。這真是一個(gè)奇跡！
【36題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天早上，我在山頂?shù)奶镆袄锇l(fā)現(xiàn)了一只迷路的小羊，那里有一條高速公路穿過我的田地。A. dropped下降；B. spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)；C. carried搬； D. returned返回。下文說小羊和它的媽媽走散了，所以我是無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只迷路的小羊。故選B。
【37題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：小羊和它的媽媽走散了，所以我跳下拖拉機(jī)去照看它，而Don還坐在它的座位上。A. kids小孩；B. friends朋友；C. owner主人；D. mother媽媽。根據(jù)下文Lamb and mother，可知小羊是和它的媽媽走散了。故選D。
【38題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：小羊和它的媽媽走散了，所以我跳下拖拉機(jī)去照看它，而Don還坐在它的座位上。A. ask about詢問；B. play with同……一起玩；C. tend to照看；D. run into撞上。上文說小羊和它的媽媽走散了，所以可以推測(cè)出我跳下拖拉機(jī)去照看它。故選C。
【39題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：小羊和它的媽媽重聚了，我轉(zhuǎn)過身去看拖拉機(jī)，卻看見它突然離開了我。A. freed使自由；B. switched轉(zhuǎn)變；C. reunited重聚；D. examined檢查。下文說我轉(zhuǎn)過身去看拖拉機(jī)，因?yàn)樾⊙蚝退膵寢屩鼐哿?，所以我才有心思去看我的拖拉機(jī)。故選C。
【40題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這太出乎意料了，因?yàn)槲姨萝嚂r(shí)已經(jīng)拉上了手剎。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；C. embarrassing使人尷尬的；D. difficult困難的。上文說我看見拖拉機(jī)突然離開了我，下文說我跳下車時(shí)已經(jīng)拉上了手剎，所以這是讓人出乎意料的事情。故選A。
【41題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：顯然，Don以某種方式使車子動(dòng)了起來。A. Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；B. Generally通常；C. Immediately立即；D. Obviously顯然。根據(jù)while Don stayed in his seat可知我跳下車，照顧小羊的時(shí)候，Don還坐在它的座位上。那么，很顯然，是Don以某種方式使車子動(dòng)了起來。故選D。
【42題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：顯然，Don以某種方式使車子動(dòng)了起來。A. lamb小羊；B. vehicle車輛；C. seat座位；D. fence柵欄。根據(jù)I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.可知我轉(zhuǎn)過身去看拖拉機(jī)，卻看見它突然離開了我。所以這里指的是Don開走了我的車。故選B。
【43題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我看到拖拉機(jī)朝高速公路開去時(shí)，我的心都僵在胸口。A. saw看到；B. stopped停止；C. remembered記得；D. drove駕駛。下文說，我拼命地追，所以我是看到了拖拉機(jī)朝高速公路開去。故選A。
【44題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我看到拖拉機(jī)朝高速公路開去時(shí)，我的心都僵在胸口。A. crowd人群；B. motorway高速公路；C. field曠野；D. hill小山。根據(jù)near where a motorway cuts through my land.和having miraculously (奇跡般地) crossed the…road with fast-flowing traffic.可知拖拉機(jī)是朝高速公路開去。故選B。
【45題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我拼命地跑，但沒能追上。A. take off起飛； B. catch up追上； C. hold back阻止；D. get out出去。根據(jù)I ran desperately以及下文It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.可知我沒有追上拖拉機(jī)。故選B。
【46題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我最后看到的是Don的臉，它平靜地看著我。A. real真實(shí)的；B. best最好的； C. basic基本的；D. last最后的。Don平靜地看著我，這是我最后看到的事情。故選D。
【47題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的心都提到嗓子眼了，我抵達(dá)柵欄，仔細(xì)檢查。A. fixed固定；B. noticed注意； C. reached抵達(dá)；D. closed關(guān)。根據(jù)and looked over可知我是抵達(dá)了柵欄。故選C。
【48題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：拖拉機(jī)正靠在路中間預(yù)留地帶的防撞欄上，奇跡般地穿過了車流如水的繁忙道路。A. resting 倚靠；B. running跑； C. parking停車；D. turning轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。根據(jù)the crash barrier in the central reservation可知拖拉機(jī)是靠在路中間預(yù)留地帶的防撞欄上。故選A。
【49題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：拖拉機(jī)正靠在路中間預(yù)留地帶的防撞欄上，奇跡般地穿過了車流如水的繁忙道路。A. steep陡峭的；B. long長(zhǎng)的；C. rough粗糙的；D. busy繁忙的。根據(jù)fast-flowing traffic可知這條高速公路非常繁忙。故選D。
【50題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我看不見Don，但當(dāng)我接近拖拉機(jī)時(shí)，它跳上了馬路，顯然沒有受傷，沖回我身邊。A. abandoned拋棄； B. approached接近;C. recognized意識(shí)到；D. repaired修理。下文說我的狗沖回我身邊，所以我必定是接近了拖拉機(jī)。故選B。
【51題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我看不見Don，但當(dāng)我接近拖拉機(jī)時(shí)，它跳上了馬路，顯然沒有受傷，沖回我身邊。A. unclean不潔的；B. uncertain不確定的；C. unhurt沒有受傷的；D. unhappy不快樂的。根據(jù)下文no one got badly hurt可知我的狗沒有受傷。故選C。
52題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：警察來了，高速公路的運(yùn)行又恢復(fù)了正常。A. arrived到達(dá)；B. replied回答；C. survived幸存；D. waited等待。下文說高速公路的運(yùn)行又恢復(fù)了正常，可知是警察到達(dá)，處理了情況。故選A。
53題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的運(yùn)氣，結(jié)果沒有人受重傷，但后果可能是可怕的。A. ability能力；B. dream夢(mèng)想； C. luck運(yùn)氣；D. idea想法。我的狗駕駛著拖拉機(jī)上了車水馬龍的高速路，結(jié)果卻沒有人受傷，所以我不相信我有這么好的運(yùn)氣。故選C。
【54題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的運(yùn)氣，結(jié)果沒有人受重傷，但后果可能是可怕的。A. common普通的；B. confusing混亂的；C. desirable令人向往的；D. awful可怕的。根據(jù)上文作者的極度擔(dān)憂My heart froze in my chest和Heart in mouth以及生活常識(shí)，動(dòng)物開車上了高速路，結(jié)果可能是非?？膳碌?。故選D。
【55題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Don那天晚上被給予了一頓特別的晚餐——我不想讓它認(rèn)為我生它的氣。A. meal一餐；B. test測(cè)驗(yàn)；C. job工作； D. lesson教訓(xùn)。根據(jù)下文I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him.可知我不想讓它認(rèn)為我生它的氣，所以我給它提供了一頓特別的晚餐。故選A。
2020年1月浙江卷
I was born legally blind. Of all the stories of my early childhood，the one about a___36___is my mother's favorite.
I was only two when the___37___occurred. We had just arrived home from a trip. Mom lifted me out of the car and ___38___to speak to the driver. I took advantage of my brief___39___to dash across the lawn(草坪)-and hit a large maple tree！I was running so fast that I bounced off the trunk and___40___on my backside. Mom___41___me to start crying，but I just sat there for a minute. Then I___42___myself up and kept right on going. Mom always___43___here that，as many times as I___44___across the lawn after that，I never again___45___into that tree.
Mom loves to use this story as an___46___. It reminds her that children don't enter life___47___to take risks or unwilling to___48___again when they fall down. She never wanted me to lose that___49___as I grew older. When I___50___my major life decisions，I was still that little girl tearing full-speed across the lawn. I studied abroad and later moved away from my parents' home to look for a___51___, Through years of___52___, I have become a respected teacher in a school serving high-need students.
We are almost certain to get___53___at some point during the process of achieving our goal. When that happens，don't sit in the grass and___54___.Just get up and keep on going It will all be worth it___55___.
36. A. trip B. race C. tree D. driver
37. A. incident B. change C. illness D. problem
38. A. feared B. refused C. forgot D. turned
39. A. delay B. absence C. freedom D. rest
40. A. landed B. slept C. laughed D. wept
41. A. promised B. encouraged C. allowed D. expected
42. A. woke B. picked C. warmed D. gave
43. A. adds B. replies C. admits D. supposes
44. A. drove B. lived C. stood D. zoomed
45. A. crashed B. broke C. climbed D. looked
46. A. answer B. example C. excuse D. order
47. A. able B. ashamed C. afraid D. anxious
48. A. ask B. share C. learn D. try
49. A. honesty B. toughness C. kindness D. curiosity
50. A. regretted B. reviewed C. made D. explained
51. A. job B. friend C. fortune D. house
52. A. memories B. efforts C. research D. experience
53. A. mixed up B. fed up C. knocked down D. settled down
54. A. play B. relax C. dream D. cry
55. A. all at once B. in the end C. in either case D. as a result
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. A 41. D 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. B
【解析】
這是一篇記敘文。記敘了作者兩歲時(shí)趁母親不注意，在草坪上快速跑過時(shí)撞到了一棵樹，作者沒有哭，只是坐了一分鐘然后自己站起來繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。這個(gè)故事也激勵(lì)著作者一直保持韌性，最終通過努力成為了一位老師。作者想要告訴我們，在實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的過程中，我們幾乎肯定會(huì)在某個(gè)時(shí)刻被打倒，但是只要不放棄最后都會(huì)是值得的。
【36題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我童年早期的所有故事中，關(guān)于一棵樹的故事是我母親最喜歡的。A. trip旅行；B. race賽事；C. tree樹木；D. driver司機(jī)。結(jié)合后文講述作者小時(shí)候撞到一顆楓樹的故事，可推知母親最喜歡講述的故事是關(guān)于這棵樹的。故選C。
【37題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那次事件出現(xiàn)時(shí)我只有兩歲。A. incident事件；B. change改變；C. illness疾病；D. problem問題。結(jié)合下文講述故事的經(jīng)過可知此處是指事情發(fā)生在作者兩歲時(shí)。故選A。
【38題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：媽媽把我抱出車外，轉(zhuǎn)過身去和司機(jī)說話。A. feared害怕；B. refused拒絕；C. forgot忘記；D. turned轉(zhuǎn)向。結(jié)合后文to speak to the driver可知作者的媽媽轉(zhuǎn)過身去和司機(jī)說話，沒有注意到作者。故選D。
【39題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我利用短暫的自由沖過草坪，撞到了一棵大楓樹！A. delay延遲；B. absence缺席；C. freedom自由；D. rest休息。結(jié)合上文作者的母親在和司機(jī)說話，沒有注意到作者，因此作者利用母親不注意的短暫自由，撞到了一棵大楓樹。故選C。
【40題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我跑得太快了，撞在樹干上，仰面著地。A. landed降落；著陸；B. slept睡覺；C. laughed大笑；D. wept哭泣。結(jié)合后文on my backside作者撞到了樹干，仰面著地。故選A。
【41題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：媽媽預(yù)計(jì)我要哭了，但我只是在那里坐了一分鐘。A. promised承諾；B. encouraged鼓勵(lì)；C. allowed允許；D. expected期待；預(yù)料。結(jié)合后文me to start crying可知母親預(yù)料作者會(huì)哭。故選D。
【42題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我自己站了起來，繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。A. woke喚醒；B. picked挑選；C. warmed溫暖；D. gave給予。結(jié)合后文myself up and kept right on going可知作者重站起來，繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。短語pick oneself up“跌倒后起來；振作精神”。故選B。
【43題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：媽媽總是在這里補(bǔ)充說，在那之后，盡管我快速?zèng)_過草坪很多次，我再也沒有撞到那棵樹。A. adds添加；補(bǔ)充；B. replies回復(fù)；C. admits承認(rèn)；D. supposes認(rèn)為。結(jié)合后文的敘述可知，母親是在對(duì)之后發(fā)生的事情進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充。故選A。
【44題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管我快速?zèng)_過草坪很多次，我再也沒有撞到那棵樹。A. drove駕駛；B. lived居??；C. stood站立；D. zoomed疾行。結(jié)合上文to dash across the lawn-and hit a large maple tree！可知此處是指后來作者快速?zèng)_過草坪很多次。故選D。
【45題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管我快速?zèng)_過草坪很多次，我再也沒有撞到那棵樹。A. crashed碰撞；墜落；B. broke打破；C. climbed攀爬；D. looked看著。結(jié)合后文into that tree可知是雖然后來也穿過草坪很多次，但作者再也沒有撞上那棵樹。短語crash into“撞上”。故選A。
【46題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：媽媽喜歡用這個(gè)故事作為例子。A. answer答案；B. example例子；C. excuse借口；D. order命令。結(jié)合第一段中提到的作者媽媽總是愛講這棵樹的故事，可知媽媽是將這棵樹的故事作為提醒自己的一個(gè)例子。故選B。
【47題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它提醒她，孩子進(jìn)入生活時(shí)，不會(huì)害怕冒險(xiǎn)，也不會(huì)在跌倒時(shí)不愿再嘗試。A. able能干的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. afraid害怕的；D. anxious焦急的。結(jié)合上文作者趁著媽媽不注意快速?zèng)_過草坪可知，孩子們并不害怕冒險(xiǎn)。故選C。
【48題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它提醒她，孩子進(jìn)入生活時(shí)，不會(huì)害怕冒險(xiǎn)，也不會(huì)在跌倒時(shí)不愿再嘗試。A. ask詢問；B. share分享；C. learn學(xué)會(huì)；D. try嘗試。結(jié)合上文作者在撞到樹后，只是坐了一分鐘又自己站起來繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，可知孩子在跌倒時(shí)不會(huì)不愿意再次嘗試。故選D。
【49題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她不希望我長(zhǎng)大后失去那種韌性。A. honesty誠實(shí)；B. toughness堅(jiān)韌；C. kindness善良；D. curiosity好奇心。這種遇到挫折還繼續(xù)前進(jìn)的精神是一種韌性。故選B。
【50題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我做出人生重大決定時(shí)，我還是那個(gè)全速跑過草坪的小女孩。A. regretted遺憾；B. reviewed復(fù)習(xí)；C. made做；D. explained解釋。結(jié)合后文my major life decisions可知是做人生的重大決定。短語make a decision“做決定”。故選C。
【51題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我出國留學(xué)，后來離開父母的家去找工作。A. job工作；B. friend朋友；C. fortune財(cái)富；D. house房子。結(jié)合后文作者成為了老師可知是離開父母的家去找工作。故選A。
【52題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過多年的努力，我已經(jīng)成為了一名受人尊敬的老師。A. memories記憶；B. efforts努力；C. research研究；D. experience經(jīng)歷。結(jié)合第一段可知作者看不見，因此付出了許多年的努力才成為一名老師。故選B。
【53題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：在實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的過程中，我們幾乎肯定會(huì)在某個(gè)時(shí)刻被打倒。A. mixed up混合；B. fed up養(yǎng)壯；C. knocked down撞倒；D. settled down定居；解決。此處作者作出總結(jié)，人生總會(huì)有遇到像撞到樹上那樣，被打倒的時(shí)刻。故選C。
【54題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)這種情況發(fā)生時(shí)，不要坐在草地上哭泣。A. play玩耍；B. relax放松；C. dream夢(mèng)想；D. cry哭泣。結(jié)合后文Just get up and keep on going可知作者認(rèn)為當(dāng)遇到不如意的時(shí)候，不要坐在草地上哭泣，而是應(yīng)該站起來繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。故選D。
【55題詳解】
考查短語辨析。句意：到最后一切都會(huì)是值得的。A. all at once突然；B. in the end最后；C. in either case不論發(fā)生何種情況；D. as a result結(jié)果。結(jié)合作者的人生經(jīng)歷可知，遇到挫折只要不放棄繼續(xù)前行，最后一切都會(huì)是值得的。故選B。
2020年北京卷
My faith in human nature has never been so great as it was last weekend after our family get-together in the town of Vail.
On Saturday, we all went to the market right in the middle of the town. Near the end, we all____11____at the fountain near the bridge, and the kids waded（蹚水）around in the fountain until we____12____. This is one of the busiest walking streets.
After we returned to the hotel late in the afternoon, my 7-year-old son Ponder____13____that nowhere could he find his backpack, which____14____his Gameboy and his watch. After a thorough____15____we determined that he must have left it at the fountain.
Ponder has never____16____anything. So we just take for granted that he needs no supervision（指導(dǎo)）for managing his____17____.
He was upset, not about the Gameboy, but about the watch. "But Dad," he said, through massive____18____, "they don't make that kind of watch anymore." We were all very____19____.
Our dinner reservation was at a restaurant just on the other side of the bridge, so I_____20_____him that we would not only search the area around the fountain when we went back for dinner, but we would also find the police and ask them if the backpack had been_____21_____.
As we exited from the parking garage, we could see the fountain as we walked down the long staircase. I saw something black_____22_____there, but it was right next to a woman standing by the fountain, so I could not_____23_____what it was or if it was hers.
"See it, Dad?" Ponder shouted. "Don't get too_____24_____because that may not be it," I said. But that was it. It had been five or six hours since we left the fountain, and it was_____25_____there. There was no ID in it, and it looked like someone had looked through it and then set it right out where all could_____26_____it.
I literally_____27_____when we reached it and it was his！Everyone in our party was blown away by this "miracle（奇跡）". In my wildest_____28_____, I would never have imagined that this could happen nowadays.
What a charmed life, eh? I believe this was a perfect_____29_____for a child in losing something important…to lose it and feel the full_____30_____of that loss, and then to miraculously get it back.
11. A. drove B. hiked C. met D. united
12. A. landed B. left C. settled D. slept
13. A. responded B. recognized C. realised D. recalled
14. A. contained B. combined C. comprised D. covered
15. A. preparation B. checkup C. revision D. search
16. A. wasted B. lost C. sough D. deserted
17. A. emotion B. time C. money D. stuff
18. A. tears B. fists C. reliefs D. outbreaks
19. A. hesitant B. curious C. sad D. eager
20. A. promised B. informed C. warned D. taught
21. A. worn out B. caught up C. put away D. turned in
22. A. hiding B. sitting C. swinging D. flowing
23. A. assess B. declare C. tell D. predict
24. A. excited B. puzzled C. relaxed D. amused
25. A. already B. even C. almost D. still
26. A. take B. see C. touch D. protect
27. A. panicked B. exploded C. collapsed D. cried
28. A. dreams B. claims C. efforts D. passions
29. A. mode B. lesson C. option D. plot
30. A. range B. pressure C. weight D. harvest
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 16. B 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. A 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者兒子丟失背包，五六個(gè)小時(shí)過后，背包在丟失的地方被找到了，這讓作者真正意識(shí)到了人性信仰的偉大。
【11題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：快結(jié)束時(shí)，我們都在橋邊的噴泉邊集合，孩子們?cè)趪娙锷嫠钡轿覀冸x開。A. drove開車；B. hiked徒步旅行；C. met遇見、集合；D. united團(tuán)結(jié)。由上文的we all went to the market right in the middle of the town可知，作者一家去了市中心的集市，集市會(huì)很擁擠繁忙，作者一家人容易走散，所以約定好在橋邊的噴泉邊集合。故選C項(xiàng)。
【12題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：快結(jié)束時(shí)，我們都在橋邊的噴泉邊集合，孩子們?cè)趪娙锷嫠?，直到我們離開。A. landed著陸；B. left離開；C. settled定居；D. slept睡覺。由上文的Near the end可知，作者一家要結(jié)束今天行程了，此處指孩子在噴泉里涉水，直到他們離開。故選B項(xiàng)。
【13題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：下午晚些時(shí)候我們回到酒店后，我7歲的兒子龐德意識(shí)到，他找不到他的背包，里面包含（裝）著他的游戲機(jī)和手表。A. responded回答；B. recognized認(rèn)出；C. realised意識(shí)到；D. recalled回憶。由下文的nowhere could he find his backpack和下文到處找背包可知，龐德意識(shí)到他找不到他的背包了。故選C項(xiàng)。
【14題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：下午晚些時(shí)候我們回到酒店后，我7歲的兒子龐德意識(shí)到，他找不到他的背包，里面包含（裝）著他的游戲機(jī)和手表。A. contained包含；B. combined結(jié)合；C. comprised包括；D. covered覆蓋。contain 指所涉及的物體常常是其組成部分或內(nèi)容，強(qiáng)調(diào)包容關(guān)系，既可指具體有形的東西，也可指抽象無形的東西；comprise暗指一個(gè)整體包括不同部分所組成，強(qiáng)調(diào)“由許多部分構(gòu)成一個(gè)整體”。由本處語境可知，龐德找不到他的背包，背包里包含他的游戲機(jī)和手表，背包和游戲機(jī)及手表不是一個(gè)整體，是包容關(guān)系，應(yīng)用contain。故選A項(xiàng)。
【15題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過徹底搜查，我們斷定他一定是把它落在噴泉邊了。A. preparation準(zhǔn)備；B. checkup檢查；C. revision修訂；D. search搜尋。由下文的we determined that he must have left it at the fountain可知，作者他們斷定龐德一定是把它落在噴泉邊了，說明他們肯定經(jīng)過了徹底搜查。故選D項(xiàng)。
【16題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：龐德從未丟失過任何東西。A. wasted浪費(fèi)；B. lost丟失；C. sough作沙沙聲；D. deserted拋棄。由下文語境可知，作者他們認(rèn)為龐德不需要人來監(jiān)督管理自己的東西，是因?yàn)辇嫷聫奈磥G失過任何東西，他們相信龐德，才不監(jiān)督管理龐德的東西，前后句是因果關(guān)系。故選B項(xiàng)。
【17題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我們就想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為他不需要人來監(jiān)督管理他的東西。A. emotion情緒；B. time時(shí)間；C. money金錢；D. stuff東西。由上文語境可知，龐德從未丟失過任何東西，作者他們相信龐德，所以他們才不監(jiān)督管理龐德的東西。故選D項(xiàng)。
【18題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“但是爸爸，”他流眼淚說，他們不再做那種手表了。A. tears眼淚；B. fists拳頭；C. reliefs放松；D. outbreaks暴發(fā)。由上文的He was upset和下文的they don't make that kind of watch anymore可知，龐德很難過，因?yàn)檫@種手表不再生產(chǎn)，他難過的流眼淚了。故選A項(xiàng)。
【19題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都很傷心。A. hesitant猶豫的；B. curious好奇的；C. sad悲傷的；D. eager渴望的。由上文語境可知，龐德難過的流眼淚了，作為父母的作者，肯定也感到傷心。故選C項(xiàng)。
【20題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們預(yù)訂的晚餐就在橋?qū)γ娴囊患也宛^，所以我承諾他，我們回去吃晚飯時(shí)，不僅要搜查噴泉周圍的區(qū)域，而且還要找到警察，問他們背包有沒有上交。A. promised承諾；B. informed通知；C. warned警告；D. taught教。由下文的we would not only search the area around the fountain when we went back for dinner, but we would also find the police and ask them if the backpack had been____11__可知，作者承諾了龐德他們會(huì)盡力尋找背包，不僅要搜查噴泉周圍的區(qū)域，而且還要找到警察。故選A項(xiàng)。
【21題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我們預(yù)訂的晚餐就在橋?qū)γ娴囊患也宛^，所以我承諾他，我們回去吃晚飯時(shí)，不僅要搜查噴泉周圍的區(qū)域，而且還要找到警察，問他們背包有沒有上交。A. worn out磨損；B. caught up趕上；C. put away收起；D. turned in上交。由上文的but we would also find the police可知，作者找警察是想問有沒有人把背包上交到警察局。故選D項(xiàng)。
【22題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我看見一個(gè)黑色的東西被放在那里，但它就在一個(gè)站在噴泉旁邊的女人旁邊，所以我不知道那是什么東西，也不能分辨是不是她的。A. hiding躲藏；B. sitting被放在；C. swinging搖擺；D. flowing流動(dòng)。由下文的it was right next to a woman standing by the fountain可知，黑色的東西在站在噴泉旁邊的女人旁邊，此處指一個(gè)黑色的東西被放在噴泉那兒。故選B項(xiàng)。
【23題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我看見一個(gè)黑色的東西被放在那里，但它就在一個(gè)站在噴泉旁邊的女人旁邊，所以我不知道那是什么東西，也不能分辨是不是她的。A. assess評(píng)價(jià)；B. declare宣布；C. tell分辨；D. predict預(yù)料。由上文的it was right next to a woman standing by the fountain可知，被放在噴泉那兒的黑色的東西就在站在噴泉旁邊的女人旁邊，作者無法分辨黑色的東西是不是女人的。故選C項(xiàng)。
【24題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不要太激動(dòng)，因?yàn)榭赡懿皇悄愕谋嘲?。A. excited興奮的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. relaxed放松的；D. amused好笑的。由上文的"See it, Dad?" Ponder shouted可知，龐德看到一個(gè)黑色的東西被放在噴泉那兒，大叫起來，說明他很興奮。故選A項(xiàng)。
【25題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們離開噴泉已經(jīng)有五六個(gè)小時(shí)了，背包還在那兒。A. already已經(jīng)；B. even甚至；C. almost幾乎；D. still仍然、還。由下文的when we reached it and it was his可知，作者他們找到了背包，說明五六個(gè)小時(shí)過后，背包還在噴泉那兒。故選D項(xiàng)。
【26題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：里面沒有身份證，看上去好像有人看過，然后把它放在所有人都能看到的地方。A. take拿；B. see看；C. touch摸；D. protect保護(hù)。由上文的There was no ID in it和then set it right out可知，包里沒有身份證，有人把身份證放在外面，是為了讓人看到，辨認(rèn)身份。故選B項(xiàng)。
【27題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我真的哭了，當(dāng)我們到達(dá)它那里，黑色的東西是他的！A. panicked恐慌；B. exploded爆炸；C. collapsed坍塌；D. cried哭。由上文語境可知，作者從未相信人性信仰的偉大，發(fā)現(xiàn)五六個(gè)小時(shí)過后，背包還在噴泉那兒，沒人拿走，這簡(jiǎn)直是個(gè)奇跡，作者感動(dòng)得哭了。故選D項(xiàng)。
【28題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我最瘋狂的夢(mèng)里，我從來沒有想到現(xiàn)在會(huì)發(fā)生這種事。A. dreams夢(mèng)想；B. claims聲明；C. efforts努力；D. passions熱情。由上文語境和下文的I would never have imagined that this could happen nowadays可知，五六個(gè)小時(shí)過后，背包還在噴泉那兒，沒人拿走，這簡(jiǎn)直是個(gè)奇跡，作者做夢(mèng)都未想到這種事會(huì)發(fā)生。故選A項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我相信這是一個(gè)完美的教訓(xùn)，讓孩子失去重要的東西……失去它，感受失去的全部重量，然后奇跡般地找回它。A. mode模式；B. lesson教訓(xùn)；C. option選擇；D. plot情節(jié)。由下文語境可知，讓孩子失去重要的東西，感受失去的全部重量，然后奇跡般地找回它，這可以給孩子一個(gè)教訓(xùn)（讓孩子珍視自己擁有的東西）。故選B項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我相信這是一個(gè)完美的教訓(xùn)，讓孩子失去重要的東西……失去它，感受失去的全部重量，然后奇跡般地找回它。A. range范圍；B. pressure壓力；C. weight重量；D. harvest收獲。由上文語境可知，龐德丟失背包后，難過得哭了，說明這種失去的“重量”讓他無法承受，所以他傷心。故選C項(xiàng)。

2019·全國II卷
It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip home， following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers ___41___about the small dog he had seen ___42___ alongside the road. He had ___43___ to coax(哄)the dog to him but， frightened， it had ___44___.
Back home， Ehlers was troubled by that ___45___ dog. So， four days later， he called his friend Greg， and the two drove ___46___. After a long and careful ___47___. Greg saw， across a field， the dog moving ___48___ away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with ___49___. It just started licking(舔)Ehlers’ face.
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one ___50___ as lost in the local paper. The ad had a ___51___ number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers ___52___ the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had ___53___ their dog.
Jeff had ___54___ in lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog， Rosie， but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched ___55___ for Rosie in the next four days.
Ehlers returned to Minnesotan， and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who ___56___ enough to go to that kind of ___57___，”says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue ___58___.
I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as ___59___ to it as I am to my dogs，” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog， I’d hope that somebody would be ___60___ to go that extra mile.”
41. A. read B. forgot C. thought D. heard
42. A. read B. trembling C. eating D. sleeping
43. A. tried B. agreed C. promised D. regretted
44. A. calmed down B. stood up C. rolled over D. run off
45. A. injured B. stolen C. lost D. rescued
46. A. home B. past C. back D. on
47. A. preparation B. explanation C. test D. search
48. A. cautiously B. casually C. skillfully D. angrily
49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety
50. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded
51. A. house B. phone C. street D. car
52. A. called B. copied C. counted D. remembered
53. A. fed B. adopted C. found D. cured
54. A. hunted B. skied C. lived D. worked
55. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain
56. A. cares B. sees C. suffers D. learns
57. A. place B. trouble C. waste D. extreme
58. A. service B. plan C. effort D. team
59. A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close
60. A. suitable B. proud C. wise D. wiling
【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Ehlers和他的朋友救助了一只丟失的小狗，最終幫它找到了主人。
41.C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文Ehlers和朋友一起去找那只狗可知，此處是指Ehlers一直在想關(guān)于那只狗的事，think about考慮。故選C。
42.B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文作者去哄小狗可知，這只狗是在路邊發(fā)抖，trembling發(fā)抖。故選B。
43.A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文可知，他在盡力的哄那只狗，try to do sth盡力做某事。故選A。
44.D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。他在盡力的哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此處是指那只狗被嚇跑了，run off“跑開”的意思。故選D。
45.C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文可知，這只狗是別人丟失的，因此此處用lost“丟失”。故選C。
46.C【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，四天后，Ehlers給他的朋友Greg打電話，他們倆又驅(qū)車返回。 根據(jù)上文可知，此處是指他們又返回到之前見到那只走失的狗的地方，back向后，回原處。故選C。
47.D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文Greg在越過田野的地方看到了那只小狗可知，此處是指他們?cè)谧屑?xì)尋找小狗，search尋找。故選D。
48.A【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)文中提到的frightened， nervousness， fear等詞并結(jié)合上文并根據(jù)下文Ehlers最終成功的安撫了它可知，小狗非常的謹(jǐn)慎小心，cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地，小心地。故選A。
49.B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文小狗開始舔Ehlers的臉可知，它不再害怕，而是很開心，joy開心。故選B。
50.B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€(gè)農(nóng)民告訴他們，這聽起來像是當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙上刊登的那只丟失的狗。根據(jù)本句的in the local paper及語境可知，此處是指在報(bào)紙上刊登的，advertise登廣告。故選B。
51.B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文Ehlers給狗的主人打電話可知，此處是指廣告上有電話號(hào)碼，phone number電話號(hào)碼。故選B。
52.A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處是指Ehlers給Jeff和Lisa（狗的主人）打了電話，call打電話。故選A。
53.C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，Ehlers給他們打電話是要告知他找到了他們的狗，find找到。故選C。
54.A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文狗聽到槍聲嚇跑了可知，此處是指Jeff帶著狗在打獵，hunt打獵。故選A。
55.D【解析】考查介詞短語辨析。根據(jù)上文Ehlers找到的Jeff的狗可知，Jeff在狗丟失后沒有找到他的狗，in vain徒勞。故選D。
56.A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：很高興知道還有那么一個(gè)人，他足夠關(guān)心你，會(huì)去做這樣麻煩的事。根據(jù)上文可知，此處是指Ehlers對(duì)狗足夠關(guān)心，care關(guān)心。故選A。
57.B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上文Ehlers開車把那只小狗Rosie送到100英里遠(yuǎn)的機(jī)場(chǎng)，把它航空托運(yùn)到密歇根可知，這是件很麻煩的事情，trouble麻煩。故選B。
58.C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，此處是指Lisa在評(píng)論Ehlers幫助他們找回狗付出的努力，effort努力。故選C。
59.D【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我想無論是誰丟了狗，可能就像我接近我的狗一樣去接近它。根據(jù)下文Ehlers說的話可知，此處是指他對(duì)待那只狗就像對(duì)自己的狗一樣，close to靠近。故選D。
60.D【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望有人愿意付出更多的努力。根據(jù)上文語境可知，此處是表達(dá)他希望面對(duì)這樣的事情，大家能愿意去付出更多努力去幫忙，be willing to do樂意做某事。故選D。
2019·全國卷III
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- ___41___ six months out of the year.
Of course， we ___42___ it when the sun is shining，" says Karin Ro， who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is ___43___， but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a ___44___ day.”
But that ___45___ when a system of high-tech ___46___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰)into the valley below. Wednesday， residents(居民)of Rjukan ___47___ their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to ___48___. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that ___49___ them to turn along with the sun throughout the ___50___ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town’s central ___51___， creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light ___52___， Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been ___53___ there and standing there and taking ___54___ of each other，" Ro says. "The town square was totally ___55___. I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3，500 residents cannot all ___56___ the sunshine at the same time. ___57___， the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s ___58___ residents.
"It's not very ___59___，” she says， "but it is enough when we are ___60___.”
41. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely
42. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice
43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide
44. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm
45. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered
46. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras
47. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined
48. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use
49. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows
50. A. day B. night C. month D. year
51. A. library B. hall C. square D. street
52. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped
53. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. siting
54. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold
55. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent
56. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store
57. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly
58. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved
59. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy
60. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing
【語篇解讀】本文屬于記敘文，講述北歐一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)長(zhǎng)達(dá)半年沒有陽光照射，為此在附近的山頂安裝了一套鏡子設(shè)備把陽光反射到小鎮(zhèn)的廣場(chǎng)。每當(dāng)光線照射的時(shí)候，人們就聚集在廣場(chǎng)上，為寒冷的冬季增添一絲明亮。
41.C 【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A. only僅僅；B. obviously 顯然地；C. nearly幾乎；D. precisely準(zhǔn)確的。根據(jù)前文from late September to mid-March可知，從九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故選C。
42.D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. fear害怕；B. believe相信；C. hear聽見；D. notice注意。根據(jù)后文We see the sky is 43 ， but down in the valley it's darker可知，我們看到天空是藍(lán)色，但是到山谷的時(shí)候，就會(huì)變得更暗了，故可知，太陽照耀的時(shí)候，我們觀察得到，故選D。
43.B 【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. empty空的；B. blue藍(lán)色的；C. high搞得；D. wide寬的。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，有太陽的時(shí)候，天空是藍(lán)色的，故選B。
44.A 【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. cloudy多云的；B. normal正常的；C. different不同的；D. warm溫暖的。根據(jù)前文down in the valley it's darker可知，到山谷的時(shí)候，天變暗了，像陰天一樣，故選A。
45.B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. helped幫助；B. changed改變；C. happened發(fā)生；D. mattered關(guān)系重大。根據(jù)后文可知，該鎮(zhèn)引入一套陽光反射鏡來改變這種情況，故選B。
46.C 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. computers電腦；B. telescopes望遠(yuǎn)鏡；C. mirrors鏡子；D. cameras相機(jī)。根據(jù)后文to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks可知，從附近的山頂上反射太陽光，故可知，為一枚鏡子，故選C。
47.C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. remembered記得；B. forecasted預(yù)報(bào)；C. received獲得，收到；D. imagined想象。根據(jù)句意可知，該鎮(zhèn)的居民獲得了冬天里的第一縷陽光，故選C。
48.D 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. repair修理；B. risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；C. rest 休息；D. use使用。根據(jù)前一句their very first ray of winter sunshine可知，獲得了冬天的第一縷陽光，是由于反射板投入使用了，故選D。 put sth to use把某物投入使用。
49.B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這些鏡子由電腦控制，指導(dǎo)他們整天跟著太陽的位置移動(dòng)而移動(dòng)，在大風(fēng)的天氣就自動(dòng)關(guān)閉。A. forbids禁止；B. directs指導(dǎo)，導(dǎo)演；C. predicts預(yù)測(cè)；D. follows跟隨，追隨。本句描述這套系統(tǒng)的工作原理，電腦控制鏡子的移動(dòng)，故選B。
50.A 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. day白天；B. night夜晚；C. month月；D. year年。根據(jù)文章可知，太陽光出現(xiàn)在白天，故選A。
51.C 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. library圖書館；B. hall大廳；C. square廣場(chǎng)；D. street街道。根據(jù)后文The town square可知，鏡子反射聚集的光會(huì)照在小鎮(zhèn)的中心廣場(chǎng)上，故選C。
52.A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. appeared出現(xiàn)；B. returned歸還；C. faded褪去；D. stopped停止。根據(jù)后文Rjukan residents gathered together可知，當(dāng)光照出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候，居民出來，故選A。
53.D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. driving駕駛；B. hiding隱藏；C. camping露營(yíng)；D. sitting坐。根據(jù)本句and standing there可知，光照出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候，人們會(huì)出來活動(dòng)，坐在那里，站在那里，故選D。
54.A 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. pictures照片，圖片；B. notes筆記；C. care照顧；D. hold抓住。根據(jù)文章可知，會(huì)彼此拍照，故選A。
55.B 【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. new新的；B. full滿的；C. flat平坦的；D. silent沉默的。根據(jù)后文I think almost all the people in the town were there.可知，差不多全鎮(zhèn)的人都在廣場(chǎng)上，故可知廣場(chǎng)全是人，故選B。
56.C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. block阻擋；B. avoid避免；C. enjoy喜歡，享受；D. store儲(chǔ)存。根據(jù)句意可知，并不是3500名居民都能同時(shí)享受到太陽光，故選C。
57.B 【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A. Instead代替；B. However然而；C. Gradually逐漸地；D. Similarly相似地。前一句意思為并不是3500名居民都能同時(shí)享受到太陽光，后一句，新的光線為小鎮(zhèn)人們的意義不僅僅提供光線，故可知前后句屬于轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選B。
58.D 【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. nature-loving熱愛自然的；B. energy-saving節(jié)能的；C. weather-beaten受風(fēng)雨侵蝕的；D. sun-starved渴望陽光的。根據(jù)前文可知，小鎮(zhèn)差不多半年沒有陽光，故可知小鎮(zhèn)人們渴望陽光，故選D。
59.A 【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. big大的；B. clear清晰的；C. cold冷的；D. easy容易的。根據(jù)前文可知，鏡子反射的光線有限，范圍不夠大，故選A。
60.D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. trying嘗試；B. waiting 等待；C. watching 觀看；D. sharing分享。根據(jù)句意可知，大家一起曬太陽就足夠了，故選D。
2019·北京卷
Regardless of the weather or the distance， Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
A retired engineer， 76-year-old Wilson has been ___11___ free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started ___12___ his car to the young people. Wilson has ___13___ am astonishing 64， 000 miles， and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ___14___ with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he's ___15___ have gone on to become physicians， teachers and engineers， but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students ___16___ call him “Grandpa”.
Tina Stern ___17___ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college and the trips meant much more to her than just free ___18___. "It's not just a ride；you're not just sitting there in ___19___ silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually ___20___ the answers， so the next time you ride with him， he'll ___21___ those things."
Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the ___22___ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes， Wilson often goes ___23___ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration.
Wilson is there to ___24___ them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school， Wilson never ___25___ to buy them a meal.
For many students， Wilson's help is not only appreciated， it's also entirely ___26___ for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don't have a reliable car， while others have to ___27___ vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them， riding with Wilson has ___28___ them to complete their education — but according to Wilson， he benefits just as much from the ___29___. “I just love driving and I love these kids， "Wilson said. "It's such a(n) ___30___ to be a part of these kids’ lives， even just for a few hours， getting to know them and hearing their stories."
11. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing
12. A. donating B. lending C. delivering D. volunteering
13. A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered
14. A. arguments B. interviews C. negotiations D. wandered
15. A. met B. driven C. addressed D. conversations
16. A. even B. ever C. once D. already
17. A. earned B. received C. assessed D. demanded
18. A. transportation B. style C. time D. communication
19. A. forced B. awkward C. ridiculous D. suspicious
20. A. selects B. recites C. guesses D. remembers
21. A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on
22. A. club B. league C. college D. programme
23. A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards
24. A. assist B. watch C. urge D. warm
25. A. expects B. attempts C. manages D. hesitates
26. A. extra B. unusual C. necessary D. adequate
27. A. share B. fuel C. repair D. exchange
28. A. required B. allowed C. reminded D. convinced
29. A. experience B. arrangement C. appreciation D. employment
30. A. effort B. ambition C. privilege D. convenience
【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了76歲的Paul Wilson八年來免費(fèi)接送低收入的學(xué)生上學(xué)的感人事跡。
11.C 【解析】根據(jù)第一段可知，Paul Wilson確保低收入的學(xué)生按時(shí)到達(dá)學(xué)校。由此可以推知，該句應(yīng)指：Wilson給那些學(xué)生提供免費(fèi)的乘車服務(wù)。故C選項(xiàng)正確。
12.D 【解析】根據(jù)上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilson是主動(dòng)自愿將自己的汽車提供給那些學(xué)生的。故D選項(xiàng)正確。
13.B 【解析】Wilson讓那些學(xué)生免費(fèi)搭車，迄今他已經(jīng)行程64，000英里。表示“行走一段路程”，應(yīng)用cover。B選項(xiàng)正確。
14.D 【解析】Wilson在接送學(xué)生們上下學(xué)的過程中，和學(xué)生之間肯定有“談話，交談”，故D選項(xiàng)正確。
15.B 【解析】根據(jù)上文可知，Wilson每天接送那些學(xué)生，這些學(xué)生現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為了物理學(xué)家，教師，工程師等。該空應(yīng)該對(duì)應(yīng)上一句中的“he transports to and from school”，故B選項(xiàng)正確。drive意為“駕車送（人）”。
16.A 【解析】這些學(xué)生將Wilson當(dāng)作他們的偶像和朋友，有的甚至稱他為“爺爺”。該空表示遞進(jìn)，故A選項(xiàng)正確。
17.B 【解析】根據(jù)后面的介詞from可以推知，Tina Stern從Wilson那兒獲得免費(fèi)的乘車機(jī)會(huì)。B選項(xiàng)正確。
18.A 【解析】對(duì)Tina Stern來說，這些行程不僅僅只是免費(fèi)的運(yùn)送而已。A選項(xiàng)正確。transportation意為“運(yùn)送”。
19.B 【解析】Tina說：“那不僅僅是坐車而已。你并不只是坐在那兒，陷入令人尷尬的沉默中，也不是戴著耳麥坐在那兒?！? 坐在車?yán)?，彼此不交談，只是沉默，這當(dāng)然是令人尷尬的。故B選項(xiàng)正確。
20.D 【解析】在坐車的時(shí)候，Wilson會(huì)問這些學(xué)生問題，然后記住答案。D選項(xiàng)正確。
21.C 【解析】在坐車的時(shí)候，Wilson會(huì)問這些學(xué)生問題，然后記住答案。下一次這些學(xué)生再坐車的時(shí)候，
Wilson會(huì)檢查上次提到的這些東西。該句指的是在乘車期間，Wilson會(huì)利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)了解考查學(xué)生們的學(xué)習(xí)情況。故C選項(xiàng)正確。
22.D 【解析】根據(jù)上一句中的“programme”可知，D選項(xiàng)正確。Wilson最初通過一個(gè)非盈利組織On Point for College的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目作一名司機(jī)。該項(xiàng)目只要求它的成員們接送孩子們上下學(xué)。
23.C 【解析】結(jié)合下文中提到的“If they have problems with registration， Wilson is there to ____ them. If they run out of…If a student gets hungry…”可知，Wilson的所作所為超過了該項(xiàng)目的要求。故C選項(xiàng)正確。
24.A 【解析】如果孩子們?cè)诘怯浄矫嬗袉栴}，Wilson會(huì)去幫助他們（解決相關(guān)的問題）。A選項(xiàng)正確。
25.D 【解析】從上文舉的例子可知，該部分都表達(dá)的是Wilson對(duì)孩子們的幫助。因此該處應(yīng)指：當(dāng)孩子們?cè)谏舷聦W(xué)的途中餓了的時(shí)候，Wilson都會(huì)馬上給他們?nèi)ベI吃的，從未猶豫過。D選項(xiàng)正確。
26.C 【解析】根據(jù)下文中“Some students don’t have a reliable car， while others….For them， riding with Wilson has ____ them to complete their education”可以推知，對(duì)于那些乘車有困難的學(xué)生來說，乘坐Wilson的車對(duì)于他們完成大學(xué)教育來說是必須的。C選項(xiàng)正確。
27.A 【解析】有的學(xué)生沒法得到可靠的汽車，有的學(xué)生必須和他們一周工作六天的家長(zhǎng)共用車輛。表示“共用”，需用share。A選項(xiàng)正確。
28.B 【解析】乘坐Wilson的汽車使得他們可以完成大學(xué)教育。表示“使得某人做某事，使某人能夠做某事”應(yīng)該用allow sb. to do sth.。故B選項(xiàng)正確。
29.A 【解析】Wilson認(rèn)為自己從接送學(xué)生們上學(xué)的“經(jīng)歷”中受益頗多。A選項(xiàng)正確。
30.C 【解析】Wilson認(rèn)為自己從接送學(xué)生們上學(xué)的“經(jīng)歷”中受益頗多。在這個(gè)過程中，他認(rèn)識(shí)了這些學(xué)生，聽到他們的故事，他認(rèn)為這是自己的“榮幸”，故C選項(xiàng)正確：榮幸，榮耀。
2019·浙江卷
There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually， the ___36___ the idea is， the more it gets noticed. And that’s precisely why one ___37___ Frenchman has caught our attention.
Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe，surviving ___38___ on discarded(丟棄)food. The three-month， 1 900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet’s ___39___ of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world.
As you can ___40___， the trip is no piece of cake. While restaurants ___41___ tons of food each year， much of it remains inaccessible because of ___42___ garbage containers， health regulations， or business policies. Only about one in ten places ___43___ him food that would otherwise be discarded.
For legal ___44___， most restaurants have a policy against ___45___ food waste. "Some people have even ___46___ their jobs by giving me food，" Dubanchet said.
What's ___47___ interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause. Berlin has been the ___48___ while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. There， he had to ___49___ at some ___50___ different stores or restaurants before finding food. The 50 is all the more serious when you consider the ___51___ exercise required to bike from France to Poland.
"I have to get food ___52___ because after all the biking I am tired and I need the ___53___，"
Dubanchet explained. "Is my ___54___ full or empty? That is the most important thing， not what I am eating."
He aims to ___55___ his journey by mid-July. With any luck， he’ll turn a few more heads in the process.
36. A. cleverer B. older C. stranger D. simpler
37. A. garbage-eating B. sports-loving C. food-wasting D. law-breaking
38. A. secretly B. finally C. entirely D. probably
39. A. purpose B. way C. opinion D. dream
40. A. observe B. imagine C. suggest D. remember
41. A. store B. cook C. shop for D. throw away
42. A. locked B. damaged C. connected D. abandoned
43. A. bought B. offered C. ordered D. sold
44. A. reasons B. rights C. fees D. aids
45. A. begging for B. giving away C. hiding D. causing
46. A. did B. kept C. accepted D. risked
47. A. hardly B. usually C. particularly D. merely
48. A. easiest B. nearest C. biggest D. richest
49. A. work B. shout C. ask D. jump
50. A. competition B. conversation C. conflict D. challenge
51. A. adequate B. rewarding C. demanding D. suitable
52. A. again B. alone C. later D. fast
53. A. spirit B. energy C. time D. effort
54. A. stomach B. hand C. pocket D. basket
55. A. arrange B. restart C. report D. finish
【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講了一個(gè)吃垃圾的法國人引起了我們的注意，Baptiste Dubanchet騎著自行車穿越歐洲，完全靠丟棄的食物生存。
36. C 【解析】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)Usually， the 36 the idea is， the more it gets noticed.可知這里意思是通常，這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)越奇怪，它就會(huì)越受到關(guān)注。A. cleverer更聰明的；B. older更老的；C. stranger更奇怪；D. simpler更簡(jiǎn)單的，故選C。
37. A 【解析】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe， surviving 38 on discarded(丟棄) food.可知這里意思是那就是為什么一個(gè)吃垃圾的法國人引起了我們的注意。A. garbage-eating吃垃圾的；B. sports-loving愛好體育的；C. food-wasting浪費(fèi)食物的； D. law-breaking破壞法律的，故選A。
38. C 【解析】考查副詞辨析。句意：Baptiste Dubanchet騎著自行車穿越歐洲，完全靠丟棄的食物生存。A.secretly 秘密地；B. finally 最后；C. entirely完全地；D. probably很可能，故選C。
39. B 【解析】考查名詞辨析。句意：從巴黎到華沙歷時(shí)三個(gè)月、1900英里的旅程，是Dubanchet引起歐洲和全世界對(duì)食物殘羹注意的道路。A.purpose目的；B.way道路；C.opinion意見；D. dream夢(mèng)想，故選B。
40. B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：你可以想象，這次旅行不是小菜一碟。A. observe觀察；B. imagine想象；C. suggest建議；D. remember記得，故選B。
41. D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：雖然餐館每年扔掉大量的食物，但由于垃圾容器上鎖、衛(wèi)生規(guī)定或商業(yè)政策，很多食物仍然難以接近。A . store存儲(chǔ)；B.cook做飯；C. shop for購買某物；D. throw away扔掉，故選D。
42.A 【解析】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)it remains inaccessible可知這里意思是垃圾容器上鎖。A.locked上鎖的；B . damaged被損壞的；C.connected連接的；D. abandoned被拋棄的，故選A。
43. B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：只有大約十分之一的地方給他提供了食物，否則就會(huì)被丟棄。A.bought買；B. offered提供；C . ordered命令；D. sold銷售，故選B。
44. A 【解析】考查名詞辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多數(shù)餐館都有禁止浪費(fèi)食物的政策。A.reasons原因；B. rights權(quán)利；C.fees費(fèi)用；D. aids援助，故選A。
45.B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多數(shù)餐館都有禁止分發(fā)食物殘?jiān)恼?。A. begging for乞求； B. giving away分發(fā)；C . hiding隱藏；D. causing造成，故選B。
46. D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。上文說由于法律原因，大多數(shù)餐館都有禁止分發(fā)食物殘?jiān)恼?。可知這里意思是有些人甚至冒著失業(yè)的危險(xiǎn)給我食物。A.did做；B. kept保持；C.accepted接受；D. risked冒…的危險(xiǎn)，故選D。
47. C 【解析】考查副詞辨析。句意：特別有趣的是各個(gè)城市對(duì)Dubanchet事件的態(tài)度。A.hardly幾乎不；B. usually 通常；C . particularly特別是；D . merely僅僅，故選C。
48. A 【解析】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen.可知這里意思是柏林是最容易的。A.easiest最容易的；B . nearest最近的；C . biggest最大的；D. richest最富有的，故選A。
49. C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：在那里，他必須在大約50家不同的商店或餐館詢問，才能找到食物。A.work工作；B. shout 呼喊；C.ask詢問；D. jump跳躍，故選C。
50. D 【解析】考查名詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)你考慮到從法國騎自行車到波蘭所需要的高強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)，挑戰(zhàn)就更加嚴(yán)峻了。A. competition競(jìng)賽；B. conversation會(huì)話；C. conflict沖突；D. challenge挑戰(zhàn)，故選D。
51. C 【解析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)你考慮到從法國騎自行車到波蘭所需要的高強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)，挑戰(zhàn)就更加嚴(yán)峻了。A. adequate充足的；B. rewarding有益的；C. demanding要求高的；D. suitable適當(dāng)?shù)模蔬xC。
52.D 【解析】考查副詞辨析。句意：我必須快點(diǎn)吃東西，因?yàn)轵T了那么多自行車，我累了，我需要能量。A.again再一次；B. alone獨(dú)自地；C . later后來；D. fast迅速地，故選D。
53. B 【解析】考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)because after all the biking I am tired可知我需要能量。A.spirit精神；
B . energy能量；C.time時(shí)間；D. effort努力，故選B。
54.A 【解析】考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)That is the most important thing， not what I am eating.可知這里意思是我的胃是滿的還是空的。A. stomach胃；B. hand手；C. pocket口袋；D. basket籃子，故選A。
55. D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)With any luck， he'll tum a few more heads in the process.可知這里意思是他計(jì)劃在七月中旬結(jié)束他的旅行。A.arrange安排；B . restart重新開始；C. report報(bào)告；D. finish結(jié)束，故選D。
2018·全國卷II
Two weeks earlier， my son， Ben， had got in touch. He’d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d 41 seen him. So imagine my 42 when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.
I was 43 ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to 44 . The bay was 45 in sunshine， and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little 46 ， I realized one kayak（皮劃艇） was in 47 . ＂Something’s not 48 !＂ I took off my T-shirt and 49 into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was 50 violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors. I helped 51 the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face， something 52 to me. Those brown eyes were very 53 . ＂What’s his name?＂ I asked the instructor. ＂Ben，＂ he replied， and immediately I 54 . That stranger was my son!
The instructors called for an ambulance. 55 ， after a brief stay in hospital， Ben was well enough to be allowed to 56 and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben 57 to me. ＂I just want to say thank you，＂ he said. ＂You 58 my life!＂
I still can’t believe what a 59 it was. I’m just so glad I was there 60 to help my son.
41. A. also B. often C. even D. last
42. A. delight B. relief C. anger D. worry
43. A. scared B. shocked C. thrilled D. ashamed
44. A. talk B. stay C. meet D. settle
45. A. bathed B. clean C. deep D. formed
46. A. faster B. closer C. heavier D. wiser
47. A. trouble B. advance C. question D. battle
48. A. real B. right C. fair D. fit
49. A. stared B. sank C. dived D. fell
50. A. arguing B. fighting C. shouting D. shaking
51. A. lead B. persuade C. carry D. keep
52. A. happened B. occurred C. applied D. appealed
53. A. sharp B. pleasant C. attractive D. familiar
54. A. agreed B. hesitated C. doubted D. knew
55. A. Fortunately B. Frankly C. Sadly D. Suddenly
56. A. return B. relax C. speak D. leave
57. A. joked B. turned C. listened D. pointed
58. A. created B. honored C. saved D. guided
59. A. coincidence B. change C. pity D. pain
60. A. on board B. in time C. for sure D. on purpose
【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者13年后和兒子見面的情景。在和兒子見面的地點(diǎn)，作者救了一個(gè)年輕人，沒有想到的是，年輕人竟然是自己13年未見的兒子。
41.D 【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)空前句中可知，兒子在三歲的時(shí)候離開，到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)13年了。由此可以暗示出是上一次見面。A. also也；B. often經(jīng)常；C. even甚至；D. last上一次，故選D項(xiàng)切題。
42.A 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上下文可知，13年沒有見到自己的兒子，突然收到兒子的電子郵件，并且說要來看自己。由此可以推知，我很快樂、開心。A. delight高興，愉快；B. relief (痛苦、憂慮等的)解除，減輕；C. anger怒，忿怒；D. worry擔(dān)心。故選A項(xiàng)切題。
43.C 【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)第一段可知，作者13年沒有見到自己的兒子，突然收到兒子要來拜訪自己的電子郵件，肯定是欣喜若狂。A. scared驚恐的；B. shocked震驚的；C. thrilled欣喜若狂的；D. ashamed慚愧的。故選C項(xiàng)切題。
44.C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)空前可知，我很早就到了拜倫灣，我們應(yīng)該在那里見
面。A. talk談話；B. stay停留； C. meet見面；D. settle解決。故選C項(xiàng)切題。
45.A 【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上下文可知，早晨海灣應(yīng)該是沐浴在陽光里。A. bathed沐??；B. clean清掃；C. deep深處；D. formed形成。故選A項(xiàng)切題。
46.B 【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)和下文兒子出現(xiàn)意外情況可知，只有是離的比較近一點(diǎn)，才能意識(shí)到一只皮劃艇出現(xiàn)意外。A. faster迅速的；B. closer靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；C. heavier重的，沉重的；D. wiser有智慧的；聰明的。故選B項(xiàng)切題。
47.A 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文兒子出現(xiàn)意外情況可知，一只皮筏艇處于麻煩之中。A. trouble麻煩，困難；B. advance前進(jìn)，進(jìn)展；C. question問題，疑問；D. battle戰(zhàn)斗，戰(zhàn)役。故選A項(xiàng)切題。
48.B 【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上句皮劃艇處于麻煩之中可知，某件事不正常。A. real真實(shí)的；B. right正確的，正常的；C. fair公平的；D. fit合適的。故選B項(xiàng)切題。
49.C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上文皮劃艇有麻煩和下文我去幫忙救人可知，我脫掉我的T恤衫，跳入水中。A. stared盯著看，目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看，凝視；B. sank下沉，沉沒；C. dived潛水，跳水；D. fell打倒；擊倒。故選C項(xiàng)切題。
50.D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上文a man lying across the middle和下文He was unconscious可知，應(yīng)該是劇烈的顫抖、搖動(dòng)。A. arguing爭(zhēng)論，辯論；B. fighting打架；C. shouting呼喊；D. shaking搖動(dòng)。故選D項(xiàng)切題。
51.C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。我?guī)椭涯贻p人帶出水面。A. lead領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo)，帶領(lǐng)；B. persuade說服，勸服；C. carry搬運(yùn)，裝運(yùn)；D. keep保持；保存，保留；故選C項(xiàng)切題。
52.B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意可知，當(dāng)我看著他的臉時(shí)，我想到了一些事情。occur跟to短語時(shí)，表示“想到”，而不是“發(fā)生”，happen后接不定式，是"碰巧"的意思。故選B項(xiàng)切題。
53.D 【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文，“What’s his name?”可知，他棕色的眼睛對(duì)我來說是很熟悉的。A. sharp銳利的；鋒利的；B. pleasant愉快的，快樂的，舒適的；C. attractive有吸引力的；引人注目的；D. familiar親密的，熟悉的。故選D項(xiàng)切題。
54.D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文“That stranger was my son”可知，我馬上就知道。A. agreed同意，贊成，承認(rèn)，答應(yīng)；B. hesitated猶豫，躊躇；C. doubted懷疑；疑惑；D. knew知道，了解。故選D項(xiàng)切題。
55.A 【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)空后句子可知，應(yīng)該是幸運(yùn)地。A. Fortunately幸運(yùn)地，僥幸地；B. Frankly率直地，坦白地，真誠地；C. Sadly悲哀地，悲傷地；D. Suddenly突然地，忽然地；故選A項(xiàng)切題。
56.D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)空前was well enough可知，應(yīng)該是被允許出院。A. return返回；報(bào)答；B. relax放松，休息；C. speak說；D. leave離開。故選D項(xiàng)切題。
57.B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文“I just want to say thank you”可知，Ben轉(zhuǎn)向我向我說謝謝。A. joked開玩笑；B. turned轉(zhuǎn)向；C. listened聽；D. pointed指出。故選B項(xiàng)切題。
58.C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上文“I helped carry the man out of the water”可知，應(yīng)該是挽救了我的生命。A. created創(chuàng)造；創(chuàng)作；B. honored尊敬；尊重；給與榮譽(yù)；C. saved救，拯救；D. guided指導(dǎo)，指揮；故選C項(xiàng)切題。
59.A 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。我沒有想到這是多么巧合的一件事呀!A. coincidence巧合，巧事；B. change改變，變更，變換；C. pity憐憫，同情；D. pain疼痛；痛苦。故選A項(xiàng)切題。
60.B 【解析】考查介詞詞組詞義辨析。我高興的是我在那兒及時(shí)幫助了我的兒子。A. on board在船上；B. in time及時(shí)；C. for sure肯定；D. on purpose目的。故選B項(xiàng)切題。
2018·全國卷III
When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person， we usually say ＂sorry，
41 number!＂ and move on. But when Dennis Williams 42 a text that clearly wasn’t intended for him， he did something 43 .
On March 19， Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital， waiting for the 45 of a baby.
＂Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken，＂ Dennis 46 . The baby was born and update texts were 47 quickly from the overjoyed grandmother， Teresa. In her 48 ， she didn’t seem to realize that she was 49 the baby’s photos with a complete stranger. ＂Well， I don’t 50 you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby，＂ replied Dennis before asking which room the new 51 were in.
Much to the family’s surprise， Dennis stuck to his 52 ! He turned up at the hospital 53 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey’s husband was totally 54 by the unexpected visit. ＂I don’t think we would have randomly invited him over but we 55 it and the gifts.＂
Teresa 56 a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website 57 by the touching words: ＂What a 58 this young man was to our family! He was so 59 and kind to do this.＂ The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world， receiving more than 184，000 shares and 61，500 likes in just three days.
41. A. unlucky B. secret C. new D. wrong
42. A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed
43. A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical
44. A. convincing B. reminding C. informing D. warning
45. A. wake-up B. recovery C. growth D. arrival
46. A. responded B. interrupted C. predicted D. repeated
47. A. coming in B. setting out C. passing down D. moving around
48. A. opinion B. anxiety C. excitement D. effort
49. A. comparing B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing
50. A. accept B. know C. believe D. bother
51. A. parents B. doctors C. patients D. visitors
52. A. dream B. promise C. agenda D. principle
53. A. bearing B. collecting C. opening D. making
54. A. discouraged B. relaxed C. astonished D. defeated
55. A. admit B. need C. appreciate D. expect
56. A. found B. selected C. developed D. posted
57. A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accompanied
58. A. pity B. blessing C. relief D. problem
59. A. smart B. calm C. sweet D. fair
60. A. sympathy B. attention C. control D. trust
【語篇解讀】本文為記敘文。文章主要講述了Dennis Williams認(rèn)真對(duì)待陌生人的信息，使陌生人倍受感動(dòng)的故事。
41. D 【解析】考查形容詞。根據(jù)后文But when Dennis Williams 42 a text that clearly wasn't intended for him， he did something 43 以及后文他所做的事情可以得知，大部分人會(huì)回應(yīng)撥錯(cuò)號(hào)了。A. unlucky不幸的；B. secret秘密的；C. new新的；D. wrong錯(cuò)誤的。故選D。
42.A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)文章第一句When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person可以推知，他接到了電話。A. received收到；B. translated翻譯；C. copied復(fù)制；D. printed印刷。故選A。
43.B 【解析】考查形容詞。根據(jù)后文內(nèi)容可知，他做了與眾不同的事情，所以用special合適。A. reasonable合理的；B. special特別的；C. necessary必要的；D. practical現(xiàn)實(shí)可行的。
44.C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)后句a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital， waiting for the ____ of a baby.可知，這對(duì)陌生夫婦是在告訴他這個(gè)消息。A. convincing讓人信服的；B. reminding提醒；C. informing通知；D. warning警告。故選C。
45.D 【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)下文The baby was born可知，他們?cè)诘群蛐律鷥旱牡絹怼. wake-up醒來；B. recovery恢復(fù)；C. growth成長(zhǎng)；D. arrival到來。故選D。
46. A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)前句內(nèi)容可知，這是Dennis的回復(fù)。A. responded回復(fù)；B. interrupted打斷；C. predicted預(yù)料；D. repeated重復(fù)。故選A。
47.A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語。根據(jù)本句The baby was born and update texts were 47 quickly from the overjoyed grandmother， Teresa.可知，消息很快再次進(jìn)來。A. coming in進(jìn)來；B. setting out著手；C. passing down使流傳；D. moving around走來走去。故選Ａ。
48. C 【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)本句In her 48 ， she didn’t seem to realize that she was 49 the baby’s photos with a complete stranger.可知，這位媽媽太興奮，沒有意識(shí)到把照片分享給了陌生人。A. opinion觀點(diǎn)；B. anxiety焦慮；C. excitement興奮；D. effort努力。故選C。
49.D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)后文I will get there to take pictures with the baby replied Dennis before asking which room the new 51 were in可知，Dennis 收到了Teresa發(fā)來的照片，所以是她跟陌生人分享了照片。A. comparing比較；B. exchanging交換；C. discussing討論；D. sharing分享。故選D。
50.B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)前文Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didn’t know可知，Dennis不認(rèn)識(shí)他們。A. accept接受；B. know認(rèn)識(shí)，了解；C. believe相信；D. bother打擾，麻煩。故選Ｂ。
51.A 【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)前文可以推知，這對(duì)夫婦為新父母。A. parents父母；B. doctors醫(yī)生；C. patients病人；D. visitors游客。故選A。
52.B 【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)后文He turned up at the hospital 53 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.可知，他堅(jiān)守了自己對(duì)于新媽媽Lindsey和她的孩子禮物的承諾。A. dream夢(mèng)想；B. promise承諾；C. agenda會(huì)議議程；D. principle原則。故選B。
53.A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語境可知，他是拿著禮物來的。A. bearing攜帶，拿；B. collecting收集；C. opening打開；D. making制造。故選A。
54.C 【解析】考查形容詞。根據(jù)unexpected可知，她丈夫是十分驚訝。A. discouraged沮喪；B. relaxed放松的；C. astonished吃驚的；D. defeated打敗的。故選C。
55.C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語境以及后文往網(wǎng)上發(fā)帖可知，Teresa夫婦十分感激Dennis的到來以及帶來的禮物。A. admit承認(rèn)；B. need需要；C. appreciate感激；D. expect期望。故選C。
56.D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)后文The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world， receiving more than 184，000 shares and 61， 500 likes in just three days.可知，她把照片貼到了網(wǎng)上。A. found發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. selected選擇；C. developed發(fā)展；D. posted發(fā)帖。故選D。
57.D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語境可知，照片后面附著一段感人的文字。A. confirmed確定；B. simplified簡(jiǎn)化；C. clarified分類；D. accompanied伴隨著。故選D。
58.B 【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)語境可推知，這位母親認(rèn)為這位年輕的陌生人來看望寶寶是上帝的祝福。A. pity同情，憐憫；B. blessing祝福；C. relief放松，如釋重負(fù)；D. problem問題。故選B。
59.C【解析】考查形容詞。根據(jù)語境He was so 59 and kind to do this.可知，與kind并列，所以用sweet，表甜美善良。A. smart聰明的；B. calm冷靜的；C. sweet甜美的；D. fair公平的。故選C。
60. B 【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)文章最后一句The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world， receiving more than 184，000 shares and 61， 500 likes in just three days.可知，三天里有184，000人分享，61，500點(diǎn)贊，所以是引起了極大關(guān)注。A. sympathy同情；B. attention關(guān)注；C. control控制；D. trust信任。故選B。
2018·天津卷
No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own 16 .
I learned this lesson from a(n) 17 many years ago. I took the head 18 job at a school in Baxley， Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.
It was a tradition for the school’s old team to play against the 19 team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach， and they didn’t even practice to 20 the game. Being the coach of the new team， I was excited because I knew we were going to win， but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn’t 21 I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it， I came to 22 that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia， but they were 23 me. I had to change my 24 about their ability and potential.
I started doing anything I could to help them build a little 25 . Most important， I began to treat them like 26 . That summer， When the other teams enjoyed their 27 ， we met every day and 28 passing and kicking the football.
Six months after suffering our 29 on the spring practice field， we won our first game and our second， and continued to 30 . Finally， we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a 31 for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn’t what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia， giving me one of the greatest 32 of my life!
From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can 33 the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers， I pushed and 34 them. I helped them to see themselves 35 ， and they built themselves into winners.
Winners are made， but born.
16. A. luck B. tests C. efforts D. nature
17. A. experiment B. experience C. visit D. show
18. A. operating B. editing C. consulting D. coaching
19. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new
20. A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with
21. A. believe B. agree C. describe D. regret
22. A. realize B. claim C. permit D. demand
23. A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about
24. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention
25. A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship
26. A. leaders B. partners C. winners D. learners
27. A. rewards B. vacations C. health D. honor
28. A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced
29. A. defeat B. decline C. accident D. mistake
30. A. relax B. improve C. expand D. defend
31. A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor
32. A. chances B. thrills C. concerns D. offers
33. A. surprise B. serve C. interest D. affect
34. A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed
35. A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. differently
【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。多年前作者擔(dān)任過一個(gè)學(xué)校足球隊(duì)的教練，在一次比賽中輸給了學(xué)校的新隊(duì)。作者開始反思，不停的訓(xùn)練和鼓勵(lì)隊(duì)員，最終不可思議的贏得州里最強(qiáng)的對(duì)手。從這次經(jīng)歷中，作者感悟到：沒有人天生就是贏家，只有依靠自己的努力才能成為贏家。
16.C 【解析】考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. luck幸運(yùn)；B. tests測(cè)試；C. efforts努力；D. nature自然。根據(jù)前一句No one is born a winner.（沒有人天生就是贏家），根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，只有依靠自己的努力才能成為贏家。故選C。
17.B 【解析】考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A .experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；B. experience經(jīng)歷；C. visit參觀；D. show展示。根據(jù)下文可知，作者是從一次經(jīng)歷中得出這樣的教訓(xùn)的。故選B。
18.D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. operating操作；B. editing編輯；C. consulting咨詢；D. coaching指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)后文Being the coach of the new team， I was excited because I knew we were going to win， but to my disappointment we were defeated.可知，作者在一所學(xué)校擔(dān)任總教練工作。故選D。
19.D 【解析】考查形容詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. successful成功的；B. excellent杰出的；C. strong強(qiáng)壯的；D. new新的。根據(jù)前半句It was a tradition for the school’s old team中的old team提示可知，春季訓(xùn)練結(jié)束時(shí)，學(xué)校新老隊(duì)伍對(duì)抗是一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)。故選D。
20.B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. cheer for為……歡呼；B. prepare for為……準(zhǔn)備；C. help with幫助某人做……；D. finish with結(jié)束于；和. ……斷絕關(guān)系。老隊(duì)沒有教練，他們甚至不練習(xí)來準(zhǔn)備比賽。故選B。
21.A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. believe相信；B. agree同意；C. describe描述；D. regret后悔。根據(jù)前句but to my disappointment we were defeated.可知，作者不能相信會(huì)遇到這樣的情況。故選A。
22.A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. realize意識(shí)到；B. claim宣稱；C. permit允許；D. demand要求。短語come to realize開始意識(shí)到。我開始意識(shí)到我的隊(duì)也許不是佐治亞州頭號(hào)隊(duì)伍。故選A。
23.C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. reacting to對(duì)……起反應(yīng)；B. looking for尋找；C. depending on依靠；D. caring about關(guān)心。但他們都在依靠我。故選C。
24.B 【解析】考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. decision決定；B. attitude態(tài)度；C. conclusion結(jié)論；D. intention意圖。我不得不改變我對(duì)他們能力和潛力的態(tài)度。故選B。
25.A 【解析】考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. pride自豪，自尊心；B. culture文化；C. fortune幸運(yùn)；D. relationship關(guān)系。我開始做任何我能做的事情來幫助他們建立一點(diǎn)自尊心。故選A。
26.C 【解析】考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. leaders領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；B. partners伙伴；C. winners獲勝者；D. learners學(xué)習(xí)者。根據(jù)后文Instead of seeing my boys as losers， I pushed and____19____them.以及文中最后一句提示可知，作者開始像獲勝者對(duì)待他們。故選C。
27.B 【解析】考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. reward報(bào)酬；B. vacations假期；C. health健康；D. honor榮譽(yù)。根據(jù)That summer可知，當(dāng)其它隊(duì)隊(duì)員享受著他們假期的時(shí)候。故選B。
28.D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. risked冒險(xiǎn)；B. missed錯(cuò)過；C. considered考慮；D. practiced練習(xí)。根據(jù)上文The old team had no coach， and they didn't even practice to ____5____the game.提示可得出答案。這里指練習(xí)傳球和踢球。故選D。
29.A 【解析】考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. defeat打敗；B. decline跌落；C. accident事故；D. mistake錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)上文but to my disappointment we were defeated.提示可得出答案。在春季訓(xùn)練賽場(chǎng)遭受失敗之后。故選A。
30.B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. relax放松；B. improve提高，改善；C. expand擴(kuò)大；D. defend防御。根據(jù)前句we won our first game and our second可知，我們繼續(xù)在提高。故選B。
31.C 【解析】考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. shame羞愧；B. burden負(fù)擔(dān)；C. victory勝利；D. favor贊成。即使我們輸?shù)舯荣悾覀兏杏X它會(huì)是一場(chǎng)勝利。故選C。
32.B 【解析】考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. chances機(jī)會(huì)；B. thrills激動(dòng)；C. concerns關(guān)心；D. offers提供。根據(jù)前句My boys beat the best team in Georgia可知，是作者一生中最激動(dòng)人心的一次！故選B。
33.D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. surprise驚訝；B. serve服務(wù)；C. interest興趣；D. offers提供。從這次經(jīng)歷，我意識(shí)到領(lǐng)袖的態(tài)度如何能夠呈現(xiàn)給隊(duì)里的每個(gè)成員。故選D。
34.A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. encouraged鼓勵(lì)；B. observed觀察；C. protected保護(hù)；D. impressed影響。根據(jù)I pushed可知，作者在推動(dòng)和鼓勵(lì)他們。故選A。
35.D 【解析】考查副詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. honestly誠實(shí)地；B. individually個(gè)別地；C. calmly鎮(zhèn)靜地；D. differently不同地。根據(jù)后句and they built themselves into winners.可知，我?guī)椭麄円圆煌姆绞娇创约?。故選D。
2018·江蘇
Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their savings had been
36 to pay lawyers’ fees. To make matters worse， Moth was diagnosed（診斷）with a 37 disease. There was no 38 ， only pain relief.
Failing to find any other way out， they decided to make a 39 journey， as they caught sight of an old
hikers’(徒步旅行者）guide.
This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and 40 recovery. When leaving home， Raynor and
Moth had just ￡320 in the bank. They planned to keep the 41 low by living on boiled noodles， with the 42 hamburger shop treat.
Wild camping is 43 in England. To avoid being caught， the Winns had to get their tent up 44
and packed it away early in the morning. The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 45 than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor 46 all over and desired a bath. Moth， meanwhile， after an initial 47 ， found his symptoms were strangely 48 by their daily tiring journey.
49 ， the couple found that their bodies turned for the better， with re-found strong muscles that they
thought had 50 forever. ＂Our hair was fried and falling out， nails broken， clothes 51 to a thread， but we were alive.＂
During the journey， Raynor began a career as a nature writer. She writes， ＂ 52 had taken every
material thing from me and left me torn bare， an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book. It had also given me a 54 ， either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope. I chose hope.＂
36. A. drawn?up B. used?up C. backed?up D. kept?up
37. A. mild B. common C. preventable D. serious
38. A. cure B. luck C. care D. promise
39. A. business B. walking C. bus D. rail
40. A. expected B. frightening ? C. disappointing? D. surprising
41. A. budget B. revenue C. compensation D. allowance
42. A. frequent B. occasional C. abundant D. constant
43. A. unpopular? B. lawful? C. attractive? D. illegal
44. A. soon B. early C. late D. slowly
45. A. harder B. easier C. cheaper D. funnier
46. A. rolled B. bled C. ached D. trembled
47. A. struggle B. progress C. excitement D. research
48. A. developed B. controlled C. reduced D. increased
49. A. Initially B. Eventually C. Temporarily D. Consequently
50. A. gained? B. kept C. wounded D. lost
51. A. sewn B. washed C. worn D. ironed
52. A.?Doctors B. Hiking C. Lawyers D. Homelessness
53. A. well B. partly C. neatly D. originally
54. A. choice B. reward C. promise D. break
55. A. loose B. full C. blank D. missing
【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Winn夫婦投資失敗變得一無所有，更糟糕的是丈夫被診斷為重疾。然而他們沒有放棄，決定徒步野外旅行。出乎意料的是，丈夫的癥狀漸漸減少了，夫婦二人變得越來越強(qiáng)壯了，妻子也開始了自然作家的生涯。
36.B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. drawn up起草；B. used up用光；C. backed up擁堵；D. kept up保持。根據(jù)后面的to pay lawyers’ fees.提示可知，他們的積蓄都用光了。故選B。
37.D 【解析】考查形容詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. mild 溫和的；B. common共同的；C. preventable可預(yù)防的；D. serious嚴(yán)重的。根據(jù)后句There was no 38 ， only pain relief.可知，Moth被診斷為嚴(yán)重的疾病。故選D。
38.A 【解析】考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. cure對(duì)策；B. luck幸運(yùn)；C. care關(guān)心；D. promise諾言。名詞cure在這里表示“治療的方法”。沒有任何治療的方法，只有止疼。故選A。
39.B 【解析】考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. business事務(wù)；B. walking走；C. bus公交；D. rail欄桿。根據(jù)后句as they caught sight of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者）guide.可知，他們決定作一次徒步旅行。故選B。
40.D 【解析】考查形容詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. expected預(yù)期的；B. frightening令人害怕的；C. disappointing令人失望的；D. surprising令人驚訝的。這是一次漫長(zhǎng)的旅程，經(jīng)歷了不尋常的艱苦和驚人的恢復(fù)。故選D。
41.A 【解析】考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. budget預(yù)算；B. revenue稅收；C. compensation 賠償； D. allowance津貼。他們計(jì)劃靠吃煮面條來維持低預(yù)算。故選A。
42.B 【解析】考查形容詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. frequent頻繁的；B. occasional偶爾的；C. abundant大量的； D. constant不斷的。偶爾到漢堡包店款待。故選B。
43.D 【解析】考查形容詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. unpopular不受歡迎的；B. lawful合法的；C. attractive?吸引人的；D. illegal非法的。根據(jù)后句To avoid being caught，可知，在英國，野營(yíng)是非法的。故選D。
44.C 【解析】考查副詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. soon不久；B. early早的；C. late遲的；D. slowly慢慢地。根據(jù)后句and packed it away early in the morning.中的early提示可知，他們不得不晚些時(shí)候把帳篷搭起來。故選C。
45.A 【解析】考查形容詞比較級(jí)以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. harder更難的；B. easier更容易的；C. cheaper更便宜的；D. funnier可笑的。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，Winns夫婦很快發(fā)現(xiàn)在他們50多歲的每日徒步旅行要比他們所記的在他們20多歲的每日徒步旅行要艱難的很多。故選A。
46.C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. rolled滾動(dòng)；B. bled流血；C. ached疼；D. trembled發(fā)抖。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，Raynor渾身疼。故選C。
47.A 【解析】考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. struggle斗爭(zhēng)；B. progress進(jìn)展；C. excitement激動(dòng)；D. research研究。經(jīng)過最初的與病魔作斗爭(zhēng)。故選A。
48.C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. developed發(fā)展；B. controlled控制；C. reduced減少；D. increased增加。發(fā)現(xiàn)他的癥狀不可思議的減少了。故選C。
49.B 【解析】考查副詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. Initially起初；B. Eventually最終；C. Temporarily臨時(shí)地；D. Consequently因此。最終，這對(duì)夫婦發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的身體變好了。故選B。
50.D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. gained獲得；B. kept保持；C. wounded受傷；D. lost失去。根據(jù)前句with re-found strong muscles 可知他們?cè)詾橛肋h(yuǎn)失去的強(qiáng)壯的肌肉又再現(xiàn)了。故選D。
51.C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. sewn縫；B. washed洗；C. worn穿破；D. ironed熨。這里指他們的衣服破成了線狀物。故選C。
52.D 【解析】考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.?Doctors醫(yī)生；B. Hiking徒步旅行；C. Lawyers律師；D. Homelessness無家可歸。無家可歸奪走了我所有的物質(zhì)。故選D。
53.B 【解析】考查副詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。 A. well好；B. partly部分地；C. neatly整潔地；D. originally起初。在寫已好書中的部分，最后有一頁空白頁。故選B。
54.A 【解析】考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. choice選擇；B. reward報(bào)酬；C. promise許諾； D. break休息。根據(jù)后句either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope.中either … or …可知這里是一種選擇。它也給我一種選擇。故選A。
55.C 【解析】考查形容詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A. loose寬松的；B. full滿的；C. blank空白的；D. missing失蹤的。根據(jù)前文中an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book.可知要么留下那頁空白，要么繼續(xù)寫著希望的故事。故選C。

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