?絕密★啟用前
2022年高考英語考前信息必刷卷05
北京地區(qū)專用


北京屬于自主命題地區(qū)，2022年統(tǒng)考英語聽說考試與筆試分離，實行計算機考試，一年兩次考試，取聽說最高成績與筆試成績一同組成英語科目成績計入高考總分。英語聽說考試共計50分，英語科目總成績滿分150分。第一次考試將于2021年12月11日進行，第二次考試將于2022年3月19日進行。筆試部分題型：完形填空（10小題，滿分15分）+ 短文填空（三篇短文10小題，滿分15分）+閱讀理解（四篇短文14小題，滿分28分）+七選五（5小題，滿分10分）+ 閱讀回答問題（4小題，滿分12分）+書面表達（1小題，滿分20分）



本套試卷完形填空是一篇記敘文。是一篇記敘文。敘述了一位富有的女士遇見一個曾經(jīng)幫助過她乞丐，讓他到她的公司任職。短文填空（A篇是說明文，一群接受了專門的滑雪技能訓練醫(yī)生在冬奧會期間提供了醫(yī)療服務(wù)；B篇是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國的空間站的相關(guān)信息；C篇是一篇記敘文。主要講述了因病不能參加訓練，但最終參加了馬拉松比賽）。閱讀理解（A篇是是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要就如何保證個人信息不被泄露給出了建議；B篇是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了作者的朋友Matt在遭遇車禍，克服困難，最終回歸正常生活的故事；C篇是一篇說明文。主要介紹了公平貿(mào)易；D篇是議論文。一些事實證明大學也許不是高中畢業(yè)后每個年輕人最好的、合適的、唯一的地方）。七選五是一篇說明文。主要介紹了四個減壓方法。閱讀表達是一篇說明文。書面表達是應(yīng)用文。

（滿分100分；考試時間：90分鐘）
第一部分　知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30 分）
第一節(jié)（共 10 小題；每小題1.5 分，共15 分）
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上
將該項涂黑。
As a woman walked down the streets one day, she noticed a beggar. The man looked old and ill-dressed. She___1___asked the man, “Sir? Are you hungry?” She tried to pick him up. “You need to___2___something,” the woman said.
The man looked at the woman, who, clearly by her appearance was from a___3___background. “No,” he said coldly.
The woman finally managed to___4___the man into the cafeteria and ordered him something to eat.
When the man was eating his meal, the woman stared at the man and asked “Jack. do you___5___me?” Old Jack examined her face. Then his face suddenly lit up. “Now I remember you. I used to be at the counter. You came up and asked me if you could work for something to eat.”
“Then you___6___me the biggest roast beef sandwich, a cup of coffee, and a table for me to sit at. I saw you put the___7___of my food in the cash register.” the woman said.
She opened her purse and pulled out a business___8___. “Please pay a visit to the personnel director of my company. We need your help. We can pay you the___9___in advance.”
“How can I ever repay your_____10_____?” Jack asked.
“You don’t need to”, the woman smiled.
1．A．nervously B．kindly C．curiously D．confusedly
2．A．do B．buy C．eat D．leam
3．A．wealthy B．political C．trustworthy D．famous
4．A．force B．show C．lead D．drag
5．A．recognize B．follow C．forgive D．understand
6．A．sold B．dropped C．offered D．promised
7．A．order B．menu C．price D．package
8．A．ticket B．card C．letter D．invitation
9．A．interest B．bill C．debt D．salary
10．A．comfort B．kindness C．sacrifice D．contribution
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B
【解析】
本文是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了一位富有的女士在街上遇見一個乞丐，這個乞丐在多年前曾經(jīng)幫助過她，女士帶領(lǐng)乞丐吃了飯，并讓他到她的公司任職。
1．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她親切地問那個男人：“先生？你餓了嗎？”A. nervously緊張地；B. kindly親切的；C. curiously好奇地；D. confusedly慌亂地。根據(jù)下文“Sir? Are you hungry?”可知，女士對這個流浪漢非常同情，此處應(yīng)表達的是，她親切地（kindly）問男人是否餓了。故選B項。
2．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“你需要吃點東西，”女士說。A. do做；B. buy買；C. eat吃；D. leam學。根據(jù)上文“Sir? Are you hungry?”可知，女士擔心流浪漢餓了，認為他應(yīng)該吃（eat）點東西。故選C項。
3．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：男人看了看那個女士，從她的外表來看，她顯然有富有的背景。A. wealthy富有的；B. political政治的；C. trustworthy值得信賴的；D. famous著名的。根據(jù)下文“Please pay a visit to the personnel director of my company. We can pay you the　　9　　in advance.”可知，女士擁有一家公司，推知她有富有的（wealthy）背景。故選A項。
4．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這名女子最終設(shè)法把這名男子領(lǐng)進自助餐廳，并給他點了些吃的。A. force強迫；B. show顯示；C. lead帶領(lǐng)，引導；D. drag拖拉。根據(jù)上文“She　　1　　asked the man, “Sir? Are you hungry?” She tried to pick him up. “You need to　　2　　something”, the woman said.”可知，女士問這個乞丐是否餓了，并試圖把他拉起來，想讓他吃點東西，從這些細節(jié)看，女士對乞丐充滿了同情，此處指她設(shè)法帶領(lǐng)（lead）這名男子領(lǐng)進自助餐廳。故選C項。
5．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當男人在吃飯時，女士盯著男人問道：“杰克，你認出我了嗎？”A. recognize認出；B. follow遵循；C. forgive原諒；D. understand理解。根據(jù)下文“Then his face suddenly lit up. “Now I remember you.”可知，后來男人記起來了這個女士，因此，此處指的是女士問他是否認出（recognize）自己。故選A項。
6．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后你給了我最大的烤牛肉三明治，一杯咖啡和一張桌子讓我坐。A. sold銷售；B. dropped下降；C. offered給，提供；D. promised承諾。根據(jù)下文“I saw you put the　　7　　of my food in the cash register”. the woman said.”可知，當時男人把女士食物的價錢裝進了收銀機，由此推知，他給了（offered）女孩一個最大的烤牛肉三明治，替女孩買單了。故選C項。
7．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我看到你把我食物的價錢放進了收銀機。A. order訂單；B. menu菜單；C. price錢，價錢；D. package包。根據(jù)上文“Then you　　6　　me the biggest roast beef sandwich…”可知，男人給了女孩一個最大的烤牛肉三明治，替女孩買單了，他把錢（price）放進了收銀機。故選C項。
8．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她打開錢包，拿出一張名片。A. ticket機票；B. card (尤指顯示個人信息的)卡片，名片；C. letter信；D. invitation邀請。根據(jù)下文“Please pay a visit to the personnel director of my company.”可知，女士讓男人去拜訪她公司的主管，由此推知，她拿出名片（card）給男人。故選B項。
9．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們可以提前付給你工資。A. interest利益；B. bill賬單；C. debt債務(wù)；D. salary薪水。根據(jù)本文第一句“As a woman walked down the streets one day, she noticed a beggar.”可知，男人是一個乞丐，可見他很窮，需要錢，因此女士想提前支付他工資（salary），以解決他的窮困。故選D項。
10．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我怎樣才能報答你的好意呢？”杰克問。A. comfort舒適；B. kindness善良，好意；C. sacrifice犧牲；D. contribution貢獻。通讀全文，結(jié)合語境，女士不僅僅帶乞丐吃東西，而且還讓他到公司工作，提前支付工資，這名乞丐非常感激，因此問她怎樣才能報答她的好意（kindness）。故選B項。
第二節(jié)（共 10 小題；每小題1.5 分，共15 分）
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫 1 個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的
空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。
A
A group doctors, ____11____ had been specially trained in skiing skills in China over the last four years, provided medical treatment during the Winter Olympics. In the field, if there was an accident, the ski doctors had to be on the scene in four minutes ____12____ a 10-kilo medical bag and had to deal with the injuries and remove the ____13____ (injure) athlete from the track in just 15 minutes.
【答案】
11．who 12．with 13．injured
【解析】
這是一段說明文。在過去的四年里，一群醫(yī)生在中國接受了專門的滑雪技能訓練，在冬奧會期間提供了醫(yī)療服務(wù)。在滑雪場上，如果發(fā)生事故，滑雪醫(yī)生必須在4分鐘內(nèi)帶著10公斤重的醫(yī)療包到達現(xiàn)場，在15分鐘內(nèi)處理受傷的運動員并將其帶離跑道。
11．考查定語從句。句意：在過去的四年里，一群醫(yī)生在中國接受了專門的滑雪技能訓練，在冬奧會期間提供了醫(yī)療服務(wù)。此處為非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞A group doctors，在從句中作主語，指人，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who引導。故填who。
12．考查介詞。句意：在滑雪場上，如果發(fā)生事故，滑雪醫(yī)生必須在4分鐘內(nèi)帶著10公斤重的醫(yī)療包到達現(xiàn)場，在15分鐘內(nèi)處理受傷的運動員并將其帶離跑道。后跟名詞作賓語，表示“帶著”應(yīng)用介詞with。故填with。
13．考查形容詞。句意：在滑雪場上，如果發(fā)生事故，滑雪醫(yī)生必須在4分鐘內(nèi)帶著10公斤重的醫(yī)療包到達現(xiàn)場，在15分鐘內(nèi)處理受傷的運動員并將其帶離跑道。修飾名詞athlete，應(yīng)用形容詞injured，作定語。故填injured。
B
China plans to complete the construction of a space station and have it put into operation around 2022, said Zhou Jianping, the chief designer of China’s manned space program, at a forum (論壇) ____14____ (hold) in Guangdong Province. The space station ____15____ (design) to weigh 100 tonnes and accommodate three astronauts. The main goal of the construction of the space station is to enable China to carry out long-term manned scientific ____16____ (experiment) in near-Earth space. The space station will be built as China’s main platform for space science research.
【答案】
14．held 15．was designed 16．experiments
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國的空間站的相關(guān)信息。
14．考查非謂語動詞。句意：中國載人航天工程總設(shè)計師周建平在廣東省舉行的一次論壇上說，中國計劃在2022年左右完成空間站的建設(shè)并投入運行。分析句子，空處作非謂語動詞，hold與邏輯主語a forum之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式作定語。故填held。
15．考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：空間站的設(shè)計重量為100噸，可容納三名宇航員。分析句子，空處作謂語動詞，結(jié)合語意，“設(shè)計”這一動作發(fā)生在過去，應(yīng)用一般過去時，design與主語The space station之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語The space station是單數(shù)，be動詞應(yīng)用was。故填was designed。
16．考查名詞。句意：空間站建設(shè)的主要目標是使中國能夠在近地進行長期載人科學實驗?？仗幈硎痉褐?，應(yīng)用名詞的復數(shù)形式，experiment表示“實驗”，是可數(shù)名詞，復數(shù)形式為experiments。故填experiments。
C
Tanni was born ___17___ an illness, which made her unable to move her muscles normally. Tanni was interested in sports, but when she ___18___ (grow) up she didn’t see many disabled athletes on television. Then several years later, while watching the London wheelchair marathon, she saw an athlete she knew. She dreamed that she would be on the starting line, ___19___ (compete) in the marathon too. Finally her dream came true. She was not only on the starting line, but also the winner at the finish line. Tanni believes you’ll never know what you can do ___20___ you try.
【答案】
17．with 18．was growing 19．competing 20．unless
【解析】
這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了因病不能正常活動肌肉的坦尼，對體育很感興趣，最終實現(xiàn)了夢想，參加了馬拉松比賽。
17．考查介詞。句意：坦尼生來就患有疾病，這使她無法正常活動肌肉。根據(jù)句意，空處應(yīng)填介詞with，構(gòu)成短語be born with表示“與生俱來，生而具有”，符合題意。故填with。
18．考查時態(tài)。句意：坦尼對體育很感興趣，但在她成長的過程中，她在電視上看不到很多殘疾人運動員。結(jié)合語境，此處表示“在坦尼成長的過程中”，表示過去在某一段時間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生或進行的動作，應(yīng)用過去進行時，主語she是第三人稱單數(shù)，be動詞應(yīng)用was。故填was growing。
19．考查非謂語動詞。句意：她夢想自己能站在起跑線上，參加馬拉松比賽。分析句子，空處作非謂語動詞，compete與邏輯主語she之間是主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填competing。
20．考查連詞。句意：坦尼相信，除非你嘗試，否則你永遠不會知道自己能做什么。分析句子，空處引導條件狀語從句，表示“除非”，應(yīng)用連詞unless。故填unless。
第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38 分）
第一節(jié)（共 14 小題；每小題2 分，共28 分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
In our hyper-connected world, information is being collected and shared every nanosecond. The problem is that your personal information might be used against you in the future in ways you can’t imagine today. So what do you have to worry about, and what can you do to protect yourself?
If you’re worried about your personal information getting lifted...
Don’t hand over your name, address, phone number, or email address unless the receiver really needs it. If pressed, you can always make something up. Opt a paper receipt or no receipt rather than getting one via text or email, which requires sharing your information and exposes you to possible data loss.
If you prefer that your Internet searches stay private...
Browse (瀏覽) with Firefox. Its privacy controls are stronger than other big-name browsers. Or use DuckDuckGo, and alternate service you can easily set as your default (默認) search partner at duckduckgo.com.
If you’re worried about your phone acting as a tracker...
Turn off Location Services for all apps except maps and others that specifically need to know where you are. You can do this in Settings, under Privacy and Location.
If you want companies to stop trying to sell you things...
Stop ads from tracking you by opting out of information collecting. The website simpleoptout.com is a good place to start. You can also add your phone number to the National Do Not Call Registry at 1-888-382-1222 or donotcall.gov.
If you’re worried about being tagged (標記) in photos on social media...
Tell friends you don’t want to be tagged, and opt out of being automatically tagged in other people’s Facebook photos by going to Settings, then Face Recognition.
Always keep in mind that Internet is not a private place and your privacy is not just about freedom from embarrassment. Although you can’t prevent all Internet spying, you can minimize some unwanted spying by taking these steps.
21．Which of the following will most possibly reveal your personal information?
A．Looking for information with Firefox. B．Receiving a receipt through text messages.
C．Switching off Location Services in Settings. D．Giving your address to the receiver who needs it.
22．If you don’t want to be disturbed by ads, you can ________.
A．a(chǎn)void using simpleoptout.com B．refuse a call from 1-888-382-1222
C．delete your history from DuckDuckGo D．register your phone number at donotcall.gov
23．The passage is intended to ________.
A．give advice B．introduce websites
C．show worries D．explain social media
【答案】
21．B 22．D 23．A
【解析】
這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要就如何保證個人信息不被泄露給出了建議。
21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個標題下“Opt a paper receipt or no receipt rather than getting one via text or email, which requires sharing your information and exposes you to possible data loss.”（選擇紙質(zhì)收據(jù)或無收據(jù)，而不是通過短信或電子郵件獲取收據(jù)，這需要共享您的信息，并可能使您丟失數(shù)據(jù)。）可知，如果使用短信接受收據(jù)，需要共享你的信息，你可能會泄露個人信息。故選B項。
22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四個標題下“You can also add your phone number to the National Do Not Call Registry at 1-888-382-1222 or donotcall.gov.”（您也可以將您的電話號碼打電話1-888-382-1222添加到全國禁止通話登記處或donotcall.gov網(wǎng)址。）可知，如果你希望不被廣告打擾，可以在donotcall.gov注冊自己的電話號碼。故選D項。
23．目的意圖題。根據(jù)第一段“So what do you have to worry about, and what can you do to protect yourself?”（那么你需要擔心什么，你能做些什么來保護自己呢？）以及文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要如何保證個人信息不被泄露給出了建議，所以文章寫作的目的是給出建議。故選A項。
B
Do you believe the happiness of your life has anything to do with the quality of your thoughts? Let me tell you about my friend Matt if you don’t.
Several months ago I was asked to be a FB friend with a guy named Matt. I was told that Matt had been in a terrible motorcycle accident in June of 2017. As a result of that accident, Matt’s wife died. What’s worse, Matt broke 42 bones and was burned over 33% of his body. He spent two months in the York Metro burn unit, one month in recovery center and another nine months in therapy. At first, the doctors were not sure that Matt would even live. Then he received a bad report and it was doubtful that he would ever walk again.
If there is anyone who could have fallen into a pit of self-pity, you would believe it could be Matt. But that is not what Matt chose to do. He gave it his best shot in rehab and therapy. In the end, not only did he live, but he could also walk! Believe it or not, Matt went back to work this past April! He put a quote on FB．When I read the quote knowing all Matt had been through, tears filled my eyes. Here's the quote: “Train your mind to see the good in everything. Positiveness is a choice. The happiness of your life depends on the quality of your thoughts.”.
Matt has a new goal now to write a book and share his story to help others. Most people don't like to do public speaking but Matt wants to do that. My friend Matt is a true inspiration!
24．What can be inferred from paragraph 2?
A．Matt's wife was dying. B．Matt was badly injured.
C．Matt was unable to walk any longer. D．Matt stayed in the hospital for a year.
25．What does the underlined part “gave it his best shot” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Lived peacefully. B．Behaved normally.
C．Tried insistently. D．Worked attentively.
26．Which of the following can best describe Matt?
A．Positive. B．Cautious. C．Considerate. D．Sensitive.
27．What's the best title for the passage?
A．No Pain, No Gain B．Every Little Helps
C．Never Too Late to Turn D．Attitude Matters Much
【答案】
24．B 25．C 26．A 27．D
【解析】
這是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了作者的朋友Matt在遭遇車禍，全身嚴重受傷的情況下，以積極的態(tài)度，克服種種困難，回歸正常生活的故事。
24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“What’s worse, Matt broke 42 bones and was burned over 33% of his body. He spent two months in the York Metro burn unit, one month in recovery center and another nine months in therapy. At first, the doctors were not sure that Matt would even live. Then he received a bad report and it was doubtful that he would ever walk again.(更糟糕的是，Matt摔斷了42根骨頭，全身燒傷超過33%。他在紐約地鐵燒傷科待了兩個月，在康復中心待了一個月，又接受了九個月的治療。一開始，醫(yī)生們都不確定Matt是否能活下來。后來他收到了一份不好的報告，人們懷疑他不能再走路了)”可推知，Matt受了重傷。故選B。
25．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“In the end, not only did he live, but he could also walk!(最后，他不僅活了下來，還能走路了！)”可知，Matt在康復和治療中堅持嘗試，最終活了下來，還能走路了。由此推知，畫線部分意思是“堅持嘗試”。故選C。
26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“If there is anyone who could have fallen into a pit of self-pity, you would believe it could be Matt. But that is not what Matt chose to do. He gave it his best shot in rehab and therapy. In the end, not only did he live, but he could also walk! Believe it or not, Matt went back to work this past April! He put a quote on FB. When I read the quote knowing all Matt had been through, tears filled my eyes. Here's the quote: “Train your mind to see the good in everything. Positiveness is a choice. The happiness of your life depends on the quality of your thoughts.”.(如果有誰會陷入自憐的深淵，你會相信這個人就是馬特。但馬特并沒有選擇這么做。 他在康復和治療中盡了最大的努力。最后，他不僅活了下來，還能走路了! 信不信由你，馬特今年4月又回去工作了！他在Facebook上發(fā)表了評論。當我讀到這句話時，我知道馬特所經(jīng)歷的一切，眼中充滿了淚水。這句話是這樣的：“訓練你的思維去看到每件事好的一面。積極是一種選擇。你生活的幸福程度取決于你思想的質(zhì)量?！?”可推知，Matt很積極。故選A。
27．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“He put a quote on FB. When I read the quote knowing all Matt had been through, tears filled my eyes. Here's the quote: “Train your mind to see the good in everything. Positiveness is a choice. The happiness of your life depends on the quality of your thoughts.”.(他在Facebook上發(fā)表了評論。當我讀到這句話時，我知道馬特所經(jīng)歷的一切，眼中充滿了淚水。這句話是這樣的：“訓練你的思維去看到每件事好的一面。積極是一種選擇。你生活的幸福程度取決于你思想的質(zhì)量。”)”結(jié)合主要介紹了作者的朋友Matt在遭遇車禍，全身嚴重受傷的情況下，以積極的態(tài)度，克服種種困難，回歸正常生活的故事?？芍?，D選項“態(tài)度很重要”最符合文章標題。故選D。
C
When you buy food or other products at the store, you probably don't think much about the people who grew them or made them. That's normal, but many farmers and others involved in producing food and other goods have very hard lives. Farmers work hard to grow crops, but sometimes the weather is bad, and their fields don't produce much. Or sometimes the price of what people produce goes down, and they can't earn enough to support their families. In some industries, workers are not fairly paid to make products cheaper. The fair trade movement tries to solve these problems by taking care of the people whose work benefits consumers.
Fair trade is difficult to define because it includes multiple organizations in many countries. These organizations encourage distributors (分銷商) to pay a specified (指定的) minimum price for products. This minimum is often higher than the market price, but it makes sure producers earn enough to make a living. Distributors also pay some additional money that goes to the community that produced the product. This money is spent to thrive the community. For example, they might build a school or dig a well, either of which benefits everyone who uses it.
To be labeled fair trade, products have to be made following certain high standards related to treating workers well and protecting the environment. This can be expensive, but the higher prices paid by purchasers cover the extra costs. These standards can vary from industry to industry to reflect the details of the various production processes.
What does this mean for you? Many fair-trade organizations offer certification for products made with fair-trade ingredients (成分). There are different levels of certification depending on what percentage of the ingredients are fair trade. Certain websites can help you find fair-trade products.
Buying fair-trade products when possible is important because it communicates that you want companies to be involved in fair trade. Businesses need to make money, so manufacturers (制造商) are more likely to use fair-trade ingredients if they know people will pay for them. It's also important for your own integrity. Buying fair trade ensures that you're not benefiting from someone else's suffering. If you want to help more, you can write to companies you buy from and ask them to use fair-trade ingredients. In short, fair trade is about helping people who help you through their labor.
28．The fair trade movement aims to ________.
A．guide farmers to produce more crops B．help the people who make the products we use
C．tackle the problem of food shortage in rural area D．encourage consumers to purchase more products
29．What does the underlined word "thrive" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Rebuild. B．Develop. C．Recover. D．Decorate.
30．In the fair trade movement, the consumers need to pay a higher price because ________.
A．distributors are in charge of the market price
B．the products labeled fair trade are of higher quality
C．organizations in fair trade encourage them to do so
D．they need to pay for the expense to meet the high criteria
【答案】
28．B 29．B 30．D
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了公平貿(mào)易運動試圖通過照顧那些工作對消費者有利的人來解決這些問題。公平貿(mào)易就是要幫助那些通過勞動幫助你的人。
28．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“In short, fair trade is about helping people who help you through their labor.（簡而言之，公平貿(mào)易就是要幫助那些通過勞動幫助你的人）”所以公平貿(mào)易運動的目的就是幫助那些生產(chǎn)我們使用的產(chǎn)品的人。故選B。
29．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“For example, they might build a school or dig a well, either of which benefits everyone who uses it.（例如，他們可能會建一所學?；蛲谝豢诰?，其中任何一種都會讓使用它的人受益）”可知，這個例子是在解釋這些錢被用在了社會發(fā)展上，是人類獲益。故選B。
30．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段前兩句“To be labeled fair trade, products have to be made following certain high standards related to treating workers well and protecting the environment. This can be expensive, but the higher prices paid by purchasers cover the extra costs.（要想被貼上公平貿(mào)易的標簽，產(chǎn)品必須按照與善待工人和保護環(huán)境有關(guān)的某些高標準來生產(chǎn)。這可能會很貴，但買家支付的較高價格抵消了額外的成本）”可知，消費者支付較高的價格主要是因為他們需要支付費用來滿足高標準生產(chǎn)。故選D。
D
The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become “better” people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don’t go.
But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending, those who don’t fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with each other’s experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school. Other find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out—often encouraged by college administrators.
Some observers say the fault is with the young people themselves—they are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But that is a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesn’t explain all campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. We have been told that young people have to go to college because our economy can’t absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.
Some adventuresome educators and watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesn’t make people intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, or quick to learn things—may it is just the other way around, and intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick-learning people are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.
31．According to the passage all of the following statements are true EXCEPT ________．
A．a(chǎn)bout half of the high school graduates continue their studies at school
B．college graduates are believed to be able to earn more money
C．a(chǎn)dministrators often encourage college students to drop out
D．more and more young people are found unfit for college
32．According to the passage, the problems of college education partly originate in the fact that___.
A．society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained graduates
B．high school graduates do not fit the pattern of college education
C．too many students have to earn their own living
D．college administrators encourage students to drop out
33．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean??????????
A．Our college experience proves that those surveys are incorrect．
B．The surveys may remind us of our beautiful college experiences．
C．The surveys should all be re-examined according to our college experiences．
D．Our college experiences may make us misunderstand the results of the surveys．
34．What is the main purpose of this passage?
A．To argue against the idea that college is the best place for all young people．
B．To put forward an idea that college should not be the first choice．
C．To value young people’s further education in colleges．
D．To persuade young people into working after the completing of high school．
【答案】
31．C 32．A 33．D 34．A
【解析】
這是一篇議論文。傳統(tǒng)認為上大學能幫助他們掙更多的錢，成為“更好的”人，成會比別人更負責任的公民，但是一些事實證明大學也許不是高中畢業(yè)后每個年輕人最好的、合適的、唯一的地方。
31．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Other find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out—often encouraged by college administrators.(另一些學生在學習上沒有動力，因此退學——這通常是受到大學管理人員的鼓勵。)”可知，大學管理人員鼓勵那些學習上沒有動力的學生退學，C項“大學管理人員常鼓勵學生退學”描述錯誤，故選C項。
32．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“We have been told that young people have to go to college because our economy can’t absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.(我們被告知，年輕人必須上大學，因為我們的經(jīng)濟不能吸收一支未經(jīng)訓練的18歲少年大軍。但失望的畢業(yè)生們發(fā)現(xiàn)，它也無法再吸收一大批受過訓練的22歲青年。)”可知，大學教育出現(xiàn)的問題一部分是源于社會不能為受過良好訓練的畢業(yè)生提供足夠的工作。故選A項。
33．句意猜測題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，傳統(tǒng)認為所有高中生都應(yīng)該上大學，因為上大學能幫助他們掙更多的錢，成為“更好的”人，成會比別人更負責任的公民，但是一些事實證明大學也許不是高中畢業(yè)后唯一和最好的選擇。結(jié)合劃線句句意“We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences.(似乎我們通過記憶中的大學經(jīng)歷的玫瑰色光輝而可能一直在顛倒著看所有這些調(diào)查和統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)。)”可知，此處意為“我們的大學經(jīng)歷可能使我們誤解了調(diào)查的結(jié)果?！惫蔬xD項。
34．推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段首句“But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone.(但大學從來就不能為每個人發(fā)揮它的魔力。)”及最后一段首句“Some adventuresome educators and watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school.(一些富有冒險精神的教育者和觀察家已經(jīng)公開表示，對于每個高中畢業(yè)的年輕人來說，大學可能不是最好、最合適、唯一的地方。)”可知，本文目的是反對大學是所有年輕人最好的地方這一觀點。故選A項。
第二節(jié)（共 5 小題；每小題2 分，共10 分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選
項中有兩項為多余選項。
No one can be free from the sickening stress and anxiety from time to time. Not even that happy-go-lucky guy you see walking down the street whistling “Always Look on the Bright Side of Life”, since they are a part of the life. ____35____. Listed here are proven ways to control stress and anxiety.
Breathe
Taking a long and deep breath to calm yourself in stressful situations isn’t just one of those old wives’ tales. ____36____. Doctors say that slow, deep breathing can effectively cool down the angry blood that’s running around your body, allowing your brain and body to return to their normal functions.
Walk
Many hearsay techniques for dealing with stress often raise a few eyebrows. But a whole host of scientific evidence exists to suggest that walking is one of the best methods available. If you’re ever feeling the tension building up in your brain and body, drop everything and simply go for a walk. ____37____. Such a nice walk provides your body with an ideal outlet for the build-up of energy that stress can create.
Laugh
____38____. But if you are able to squeeze out even the smallest laugh during your day, you’ll soon begin to find that the effects of stress slowly slip away. When you laugh, the body releases happy hormones that ease tension brought on by stress.
Friends
Surrounding yourself with the people you love can be half the battle to defeating stress. When you are stressed, even sitting at home with a cup of tea with a friend can really help to relieve high levels of stress as it focuses your mind onto something you love. Don’t hesitate to reach for the phone and ring your friends whenever you feel stressed. ____39____.
A．After all, that’s what friends are for
B．So your friends will feel relieved soon
C．It’s a medically proven stress-relief technique
D．What can be done is to find ways to deal with them
E．Remind yourself to walk slowly and breathe normally
F．Hearty laughs allow you to feel happy and healthy again
G．If you’re stressed, the last thing you probably feel like doing is laughing
【答案】
35．D 36．C 37．E 38．G 39．A
【解析】
本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四個減壓方法。
35．空前談到，“since they are a part of the life.”可知，壓力與焦慮是生活中的一部分，誰也難以幸免，和下文“Listed here are proven ways to control stress and anxiety.（這里列出了一些行之有效的控制壓力和焦慮的方法）”可知，雖然無人幸免，但有控制的方法。故D項What can be done is to find ways to deal with them（唯一能做的就是設(shè)法控制它們）符合語境。故選D。
36．根據(jù)空前“Taking a long and deep breath to calm yourself in stressful situations isn’t just one of those old wives’ tales.(進行較長和深呼吸可以讓你在有壓力的環(huán)境中平靜下來并不是無稽之談)”以及空后的醫(yī)學解釋可知，C項It’s a medically proven stress-relief technique(這是一個在醫(yī)學上被證明有效的減壓方法)符合語境，medically呼應(yīng)下文的doctors。故選C。
37．根據(jù)空后“Such a nice walk provides your body with an ideal outlet for the build-up of energy that stress can create. （這樣一次好的散步為你的身體提供了一個理想的出口，讓壓力產(chǎn)生能量）”推知，空項會談到如何散步，故E項Remind yourself to walk slowly and breathe normally(散步時記得提醒自己要做到氣定神閑)符合語境。故選E。
38．根據(jù)本節(jié)小標題Laugh，特別是空后的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系“But if you are able to squeeze out even the smallest laugh during your day,you’ll soon begin to find that the effects of stress slowly slip away. (但是如果你每天擠出一點笑，你將會開始發(fā)現(xiàn)壓力在慢慢減弱)”可知，感到壓抑時我們最好還是笑笑。G項If you’re stressed, the last thing you probably feel like doing is laughing (在你感到壓抑的時候，你最不想做的很可能就是笑)符合語境，與下文形成明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選G。
39．根據(jù)空前“Don’t hesitate to reach for the phone and ring your friends whenever you feel stressed. (當你感到壓力大的時候，給朋友打電話不要遲疑)”可知，空項很可能是要解釋為什么可以這樣貿(mào)然給朋友打電話的理由。A. After all, that’s what friends are for(畢竟，朋友就該是呼之即來的)符合語境。故選A。
第三部分 書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32 分）
第一節(jié)（共4 小題；第40、41 題各2 分，第42 題3 分，第43 題5 分，共12 分）
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。
Your Food Choices Affect the Earth’s Climate
Every action has a cost, even for growing food and delivering it to your dinner plate. A team of researchers has found that meat production releases more climate-warming pollution than it does when producing fruits, vegetables, nuts and grains. Their calculations suggest that people could do a lot to slow global warming if they limited the amount of meat they eat.
There are plenty of “costs” of food. As to the visible costs, people pay money for the food as well as the fuel needed to get groceries to the store or restaurant. And there are less-visible “costs” of food as well. Producing foods takes resources, for example, the water used to irritate (灌溉) crop fields or the fertilizer and chemicals used to promote plant growth and fight pests.
Peter Scarborough at the University of Oxford in England decided to calculate some of the less-visible pollution created by food production. His team focused on greenhouse gases emitted through the production of our food, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (甲烷) and the nitrous oxide (氧化亞氮). All three gases are powerful in warming the earth’s atmosphere.
They conducted a series of experiments and fed the data collected into a computer and then included the amount of greenhouse gases linked with producing nearly 100 common foods. Then the computer matched those greenhouse-gas amounts to the mix of foods each person had reported eating.
It shows that the diet of someone whose meals included an average of 50 to 99 grams of meat each day would be responsible for the daily release of 5.6 kilograms of CO2 equivalent (等量) while those vegans had the lowest diet-linked greenhouse-gas emissions (2.9 kg of CO2 equivalent).
It is concluded that reducing the intake of meat and other animal-based products can make a valuable contribution to climate change reduction. And compared to meat, more plant-based food can be grown on more lands with less water and other resources. In places where many people are going hungry, raising animals for meat may make it harder to ensure that everyone gets enough to eat.
40．What do the researchers’ calculations suggest?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
41．Why does the author say there are also less-visible “costs” of food?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Although plant-based food is harder to adapt to more types of lands than meat, it has a lower requirement of water and other resources.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
43．Apart from food choices, what can you do to protect the environment? (In about 40 words)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
40． Their calculations suggest that people could do a lot to slow global warming if they limited the amount of meat they eat.
41．Because producing foods takes resources, for example, the water used to irritate crop fields or the fertilizer and chemicals used to promote plant growth and fight pests.
Because the author wants people to know that producing foods takes resources, for example, the water used to irritate crop fields or the fertilizer and chemicals used to promote plant growth and fight pests.
42．Although plant-based food is harder to adapt to more types of lands than meat, it has a lower requirement of water and other resources.According to the text, the plant-based food can not only use less water and other resources, but such food can be grown on more lands. So it is easier to adapt to more types of lands than meat.
43．I will try my best to save electricity, for example, using energy-efficient light bulbs instead of regular bulbs, which can last longer. Also, I will make sure to turn off lights, the TV, and other appliances when I’m not using them. Another way to reduce electricity use is to lower the air conditioning or heat when it’s not necessary.
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項研究結(jié)果——與生產(chǎn)水果、蔬菜、堅果和谷物相比，肉類生產(chǎn)會釋放更多使氣候變暖污染物。
40．考查細節(jié)理解。由第一段中“A team of researchers has found that meat production releases more climate-warming pollution than it does when producing fruits, vegetables, nuts and grains. Their calculations suggest that people could do a lot to slow global warming if they limited the amount of meat they eat.(一組研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，與生產(chǎn)水果、蔬菜、堅果和谷物相比，肉類生產(chǎn)會釋放更多使氣候變暖污染物。他們的計算表明，如果人們限制肉類的攝入量，他們可以在減緩全球變暖方面做很多事情)”可知，減少肉類攝入，可以減緩全球變暖。故答案為Their calculations suggest that people could do a lot to slow global warming if they limited the amount of meat they eat.
41．考查細節(jié)理解。由第二段中“And there are less-visible “costs” of food as well. Producing foods takes resources, for example, the water used to irritate crop fields or the fertilizer and chemicals used to promote plant growth and fight pests.(此外，食品還有一些較為隱蔽的“成本”。生產(chǎn)食物需要資源，例如，灌溉農(nóng)田的水，促進植物生長和防治害蟲的化肥和化學品)”可知，較為隱蔽的食品成本是生產(chǎn)食物需要資源，例如，灌溉農(nóng)田的水，促進植物生長和防治害蟲的化肥和化學品。故答案為Because producing foods takes resources, for example, the water used to irritate crop fields or the fertilizer and chemicals used to promote plant growth and fight pests.或Because the author wants people to know that producing foods takes resources, for example, the water used to irritate crop fields or the fertilizer and chemicals used to promote plant growth and fight pests.
42．考查推理判斷。由最后一段“And compared to meat, more plant-based food can be grown on more lands with less water and other resources. In places where many people are going hungry, raising animals for meat may make it harder to ensure that everyone gets enough to eat.(與肉類相比，更多的植物性食品可以在更多的土地上種植，水和其他資源更少。在許多人挨餓的地方，飼養(yǎng)動物吃肉可能會使確保每個人都有足夠的食物變得更加困難)”可知，植物性食品比肉更容易適應(yīng)各種土地。由此可知，Although plant-based food is harder to adapt to more types of lands than meat(盡管植物性食物比肉類更難適應(yīng)更多種類的土地)陳述錯誤。故答案為Although plant-based food is harder to adapt to more types of lands than meat, it has a lower requirement of water and other resources. According to the text, the plant-based food can not only use less water and other resources, but such food can be grown on more lands. So it is easier to adapt to more types of lands than meat.
43．開放性試題。根據(jù)題目要求，請考生除了食物選擇，寫還能做些什么來保護環(huán)境。這是要求考生自主發(fā)揮題型?？忌梢月?lián)系生活實際情況，選擇一個話題即可，比如解約用電，坐公交車，少用塑料垃圾袋等，注意字數(shù)不少于40字。其中一份參考答案：I will try my best to save electricity, for example, using energy-efficient light bulbs instead of regular bulbs, which can last longer. Also, I will make sure to turn off lights, the TV, and other appliances when I’m not using them. Another way to reduce electricity use is to lower the air conditioning or heat when it’s not necessary.
第二節(jié)（20分）
假設(shè)你是新華中學的學生李華，將參加主題為Let’s pick up a book and read 的英語演講比賽。請你撰寫一份演講稿，主要內(nèi)容包括：
1. 目前很多學生課余時間沉溺于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，遠離書本，導致記憶力減退，對學習失去興趣等問題。
2. 閱讀的益處，如：開闊視野、增強理解力、提高成績等。
注意：1. 詞數(shù)100詞左右
2. 開闊視野：broaden one’s horizons
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Good morning, everyone,
I am Li Hua from Xinhua Middle School. The topic of my speech is “Let’s pick up a book and read”.
Nowadays, with the growth of the Internet, many teenagers get addicted to online games. They usually spend long hours in front of computers in their spare time. The long-term use of computers causes many students to suffer loss of memory, whose interest in studying also drops greatly.
How can we get teenagers back to a normal life? I think it a good idea to help them form the habit of reading. On the one hand, reading can broaden teenagers’ horizons. On the other hand, reading can deepen their understanding of the events happening at home and abroad. Besides, they will get good grades in their exams
Let’s pick up a book and read!
Thank you.
【解析】
【導語】
本篇書面表達是一篇應(yīng)用文，要求考生以“Let’s pick up a book and read”為題寫一篇演講稿。
【詳解】
1.詞匯積累
空閑的：spare→free
導致：cause→lead to
幫助：help→assist
此外：besides→in addition
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：Nowadays, with the growth of the Internet, many teenagers get addicted to online games.
拓展句：Nowadays, with the growth of the Internet, many teenagers get addicted to online games, which is bad for their study.
【點睛】
[高分句型1]
The long-term use of computers causes many students to suffer loss of memory, whose interest in studying also drops greatly.（whose引導非限制性定語從句）
[高分句型2]
I think it a good idea to help them form the habit of reading.（think后面為省略了that的賓語從句）

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