題型一 閱讀理解專題三　推理判斷題過關檢測Passage 1[2020新高考Ⅰ(山東),C]語篇類型主題詞數難度建議時間說明文一本關于旅游見聞的書298★★★7分鐘　　In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea. His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way:Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers. This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral(葬禮) followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea. Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stomach. As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions. 8.What made Mr Bissell return to Uzbekistan?A. His friends’ invitation. B. His interest in the country.C. His love for teaching. D. His desire to regain health.9.What does the underlined word "that" in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Developing a serious mental disease.B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.D. Writing an article about the Aral Sea.10.Which of the following best describes Mr Bissell’s road trip in Uzbekistan?　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 A. Romantic.           B. Eventful. C. Pleasant.            D. Dangerous. 11.What is the purpose of this text?A. To introduce a book. B. To explain a cultural phenomenon. C. To remember a writer.D. To recommend a travel destination.Passage 2[2019全國Ш,C]語篇類型主題詞數難度建議時間說明文報業(yè)的發(fā)展變化299★★★7分鐘　　Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.　　The trend, then, was toward the "penny paper" — a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.　　This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy) to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830, but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer’s office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny — usually two or three cents was charged — and some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase "penny paper" caught the public’s fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.　　This new trend of newspapers for "the man on the street" did not begin well. Some of the early ventures(企業(yè)) were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.28. Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?A. Academic.             B. Unattractive.C. Inexpensive.          D. Confidential.29. What did street sales mean to newspapers?A. They would be priced higher.B. They would disappear from cities.C. They could have more readers.D. They could regain public trust.30. Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?A. Local politicians.    B. Common people.C. Young publishers.    D. Rich businessmen.31. What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?A. It was a difficult process.B. It was a temporary success.C. It was a robbery of the poor.D. It was a disaster for printers.Passage 3[2019江蘇,C]語篇類型主題詞數難度建議時間說明文對新科技作用的誤判418★★★8分鐘　　Who cares if people think wrongly that the internet has had more important influences than the washing machine? Why does it matter that people are more impressed by the most recent changes?It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of people’s opinions. However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.The fascination with the ICT (Information and Communication Technology) revolution, represented by the internet, has made some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so "yesterday" that they should try to live on ideas. This belief in "post-industrial society" has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector(制造業(yè)), with negative consequences for their economies.Even more worryingly, the fascination with the internet by people in rich countries has moved the international community to worry about the "digital divide" between the rich countries and the poor countries. This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and internet facilities. The question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the most. Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing machines would have improved people’s lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up internet centres in rural villages. I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long-term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a "borderless world". As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back. Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results.Understanding technological trends is very important for correctly designing economic policies, both at the national and the international levels, and for making the right career choices at the individual level. However, our fascination with the latest, and our under-valuation of what has already become common, can, and has, led us in all sorts of wrong directions.61.Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to 　　　. A. a lack of confidence in technologyB. a slow progress in technologyC. a conflict or public opinionsD. a waste of limited resources62.The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should 　　　. A. take people’s essential needs into accountB. make their programmes attractive to peopleC. ensure that each child gets financial supportD. provide more affordable internet facilities63.What has led many governments to remove necessary regulations?A. Neglecting the impacts of technological advances.B. Believing that the world has become borderless.C. Ignoring the power of economic development.D. Over-emphasizing the role of international communication.64.What can we learn from the passage?A. People should be encouraged to make more donations.B. Traditional technology still has a place nowadays.C. Making right career choices is crucial to personal success.D. Economic policies should follow technological trends.Passage 4[2018天津,B]語篇類型主題詞數難度建議時間記敘文參觀藝術博物館,誤闖民宅398★★8分鐘　　When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, "Do you have the address?" "No, but I’ll recognize it, there was a picture in the magazine.""Oh, stop. There it is!"The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us."May I help you?" a man asked. "No," I said. "We’re fine." Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren’t that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed very nosy(愛窺探的), keeping their eyes fixed on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. "Where do you think you are?" he asked. I turned sharply. "The McNay Art Museum!" He smiled, shaking his head. "Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street." "What’s this place?" I asked, still confused. "Well, it’s our home." My heart jolted(震顫). I raced to the staircase and called out, "Sally! Come down immediately!""There’s some really good stuff(藝術作品) up there." She stepped down, looking confused. I pushed her toward the front door, waving at the family, saying, "Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place." Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing. She couldn’t believe how long they let us look around without saying anything.The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.Thirty years later, a woman approached me in a public place. "Excuse me, did you ever enter a residence, long ago, thinking it was the McNay Museum?""Yes. But how do you know? We never told anyone.""That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My feelings about my home changed after that. I’ve always wanted to thank you."41.What do we know about Marian McNay?　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 A. She was a painter.B. She was a community leader.C. She was a museum director.D. She was a journalist.42.Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house?A. She disliked people who were nosy.B. She felt nervous when talking to strangers.C. She knew more about art than the man.D. She mistook him for a tour guide.43.How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall?A. Puzzled.         B. Concerned.C. Frightened.         D. Delighted.44. Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words?A. The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.B. She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.C. The McNay was disappointing compared with the house.D. The event happening in the house was more significant.45.What could we learn from the last paragraph?A. People should have good taste to enjoy life.B. People should spend more time with their family.C. People tend to be blind to the beauty around them.D. People tend to educate teenagers at a museum.Passage 5[2017乙卷(全國Ⅰ),B]語篇類型主題詞數難度建議時間記敘文救助野生動物291★★7分鐘　　I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.　　I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(貓頭鷹)on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.　　I examined the chick(雛鳥)and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.　　The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.　　Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.　　A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH! The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so. 24.What is unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according to paragraph 1?A. Efforts made in vain.B. Getting injured in his work.C. Feeling uncertain about his future.D. Creatures forced out of their homes.25.Why was the author called to Muttontown?A. To rescue a woman.B. To take care of a woman.C. To look at a baby owl.D. To cure a young owl.26.What made the chick calm down?A. A new nest.            B. Some food.C. A recording.        D. Its parents.27.How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?A. It’s unexpected.        B. It’s beautiful.C. It’s humorous.        D. It’s discouraging.Passage 6[2017浙江,B]語篇類型主題詞數難度建議時間說明文青少年晚睡的壞習慣297★★5分鐘　　Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids. According to a new survey(調查)by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7- to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day, and that 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest; most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours. For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal(理想的). But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10- to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime? Watch TV.　　"More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more opportunities(機會)to stay awake, with more homework, the Internet and the phone," says Dr. Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical. Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers’ bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results. 25.What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on?A. American kids’ sleeping habits.B. Teenagers’ sleep-related diseases.C. Activities to prevent sleeplessness.D. Learning problems and lack of sleep.26.How many hours of sleep do 11-year-olds need every day?A. 7 hours.      B. 8 hours.C. 10 hours.      D. 18 hours.27.Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon?A. They are affected by certain body chemicals.B. They tend to do things that excite them.C. They follow their parents’ examples.D. They don’t need to go to school early.        專題三　推理判斷題【答案速查】 Passage 1　BDBA     Passage 2　BCBA　 Passage 3　DABB Passage 4　ADADC Passage 5　ACAB   Passage 6　ACBPassage 1曾在烏茲別克斯坦當過志愿者的Tom Bissell出于對這個國家的興趣幾年后回到這里,并寫了一本書敘述其在該國旅行中的見聞。本文對這本書進行了簡要介紹。8.B　考查細節(jié)理解。根據第一段第三句中的"still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan"可知,出于對烏茲別克斯坦這個國家的興趣,他回到了這里,故B項符合題意。9.D　考查代詞指代。根據第一段第三句中的"still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea"可知,Tom Bissell回到烏茲別克斯坦的目的是寫一篇關于咸海是如何消失的的文章。畫線詞"that"指代上文中提到的"寫文章"這件事。10.B　考查推理判斷。根據文章第三段尤其是第一句中的"made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society"可知,Tom Bissell在烏茲別克斯坦的旅行充滿了變故。eventful意為"充滿大事的,多變故的",符合文意。A項在文中沒有體現(xiàn),C項與D項表述片面,故選B。11.A　考查寫作意圖。文章開頭引出Tom Bissell寫書的背景,后面三段介紹了這本書的概要、主要內容和對這本書的評價。全文圍繞這本書展開,目的就是向讀者推薦這本書,所以選A項。Passage 2　　本文講述了十九世紀上半葉美國報業(yè)的發(fā)展變化。28.B　考查細節(jié)理解。根據第一段中的"In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding"可知,在十九世紀三十年代前,大多數報紙對廣大讀者缺乏吸引力。故選B。academic"學業(yè)的";unattractive"不吸引人的";inexpensive"不昂貴的";confidential"機密的"。29.C　考查推理判斷。根據第二段首句 "The trend, then, was toward the ‘penny paper’ — a term referring to papers made widely available to the public"以及第三段中的"However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities"可推知,"便士報"指的是公眾可廣泛購得的報紙,便士報有更多的讀者,而正是街頭銷售使其變得隨處可見。30.B　考查細節(jié)理解。第四段首句中的 "the man on the street"指普通人。故選B。31.A　考查推理判斷。根據第三段中的"This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible (but not easy) to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830, but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer’s office to purchase a copy"及第四段的內容可知,"便士報"的發(fā)展變化絕非發(fā)生在一夜之間,而是經歷了一個艱難的過程。故選A。文章只是描述了"便士報"當時的狀況,并未對其作出成功與否的評價,故B項錯誤;C項和D項均曲解了文意。Passage 3對新科技作用的誤判可能會誤導人們對已有技術的認識和使用,影響對社會的認知。61.D　考查細節(jié)理解。根據第二段中的"However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources" 可知,對新技術影響的誤判導致了對稀缺資源的誤用,故選D。62.A　考查推理判斷。根據第四段中的"The question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the most. Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and...in rural villages"可推出,作者想通過事例說明捐贈者應該考慮人們的基本需求,而不要片面地認為有了高科技產品,受贈者的生活水平就會產生巨大飛躍。故本題答案為A。63.B　考查細節(jié)理解。根據第五段可知,人們認為隨著通信和交通運輸技術的發(fā)展,我們生活在一個"無國界的世界",由此許多政府取消了一些必要的規(guī)則,故本題答案為B。64.B　考查推理判斷。通讀全文,尤其是根據文章最后一段中的"However,our fascination...wrong directions"可知,我們對于最新技術的入迷,和對于已經普遍存在的技術作用的低估可能或已經將我們引向錯誤的方向,即傳統(tǒng)的技術在當今仍有著重要的作用。故選B。Passage 4　　作者17歲的時候和好友去博物館,結果誤闖了民宅。30年后,這個家的一位成員認出了作者并感謝作者讓她當時意識到了自己的家有多美,并從此改變了她對家的感情。41.A　考查細節(jié)理解。第一段說,Marian McNay是水彩畫家(watercolorist),她要求社區(qū)在她死后把她家改成博物館,故選A。42.D　考查推理判斷。根據題干信息,我們把答案定位在第四段。當有人詢問作者是否需要幫助的時候,作者拒絕了,并提到導游讓自己緊張。從這些信息可推斷出,作者誤以為這個人是導游,因此選D。43.A　考查推理判斷。根據題干的"被大廳里的人盯著看"可將本題答案定位在第四段。該段說,當作者發(fā)現(xiàn)大廳里的人似乎都喜歡窺探,都好奇地盯著自己的時候,作者心想:"他們這是怎么了?"(What was their problem?)。從這些信息可推斷出作者對此十分困惑。故選A。44.D　考查推理判斷。第六段說作者和朋友來到McNay博物館,但是一直覺得緊張,害怕又出現(xiàn)先前那種不同尋常的事。由此推斷,先前誤闖他人的家這件事對作者影響很大,因此選D。45.C　考查推理判斷。根據文章最后一段可知,一位女士告訴作者,30年前她自己還是一個青少年,在作者誤闖她家之前,她從來不知道自己的家有多美,由此推斷選C(人們往往對自己身邊的美視而不見)。Passage 5　　本文講述了作者作為一名野生動物救助和教育機構的志愿者,成功救助了一只貓頭鷹雛鳥的經歷。24.A　考查推理判斷。根據第一段第二句"Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain"可知,救助野生動物的工作有時讓人心碎,因為不能確保野生動物能存活下來,由此可推斷,救助野生動物的努力可能會白費,故A項正確。B項無中生有,文中沒有提到作者在救助工作中受傷;C項曲解文意,第二句中的"survival is never certain"是說野生動物能否存活下來不能確定,而不是說作者對自己的未來不能確定;文中沒有提到動物被迫離開家園,故D項不正確。25.C　考查細節(jié)理解。 根據第二段中的"I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(貓頭鷹) on the ground"可知,這位女士給作者打電話是為了讓他來救助一只貓頭鷹雛鳥。文中沒有信息支撐選項A、B,故可排除;根據第三段第一句"I examined the chick(雛鳥) and it seemed fine"可知,這只貓頭鷹雛鳥并未受傷,故排除D項。26.A　考查細節(jié)理解。 根據第四段中的"I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down"可知,作者做的鳥巢很舒服,所以雛鳥被放入后,很快安靜下來。27.B　考查推理判斷。 根據最后一段可知,通過播放貓頭鷹雛鳥饑餓時發(fā)出的叫聲的錄音,它的父母終于找到了它,并開始給它喂食。再結合第一段最后一句中的"when it works, it is simply beautiful"可推斷,作者付出的努力沒有白費,因而結果是美好的。Passage 6　　作者主要介紹了當今美國青少年晚睡的壞習慣及其產生的原因以及針對該壞習慣所采取的措施等。25.A　考查推理判斷。通讀文章第一段可推出,該調查主要是對美國青少年的睡眠習慣進行研究,故選A項。26.C　考查細節(jié)理解。根據文章第二段中的"For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal(理想的)"可知,11歲的青少年最佳的睡眠時長是10小時,故選C項。27.B　考查推理判斷。根據第三段第一句和該段中的"She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep"可推知,由于青少年睡前的活動都會使他們興奮,所以他們很難靜下心來睡覺,從而導致晚睡,故選B項。   

相關試卷

高考英語一輪復習高分突破練習專題20閱讀理解之推理判斷題（含解析）：

這是一份高考英語一輪復習高分突破練習專題20閱讀理解之推理判斷題（含解析），共23頁。

高考英語一輪復習基礎過關練習專題15閱讀理解之細節(jié)理解題與推理判斷題 (含解析)：

這是一份高考英語一輪復習基礎過關練習專題15閱讀理解之細節(jié)理解題與推理判斷題 (含解析)，共36頁。試卷主要包含了特殊疑問句形式，判斷是非形式，填空形式等內容，歡迎下載使用。

高考英語三輪沖刺過關預測 02 閱讀理解之推理判斷題 (含解析)：

這是一份高考英語三輪沖刺過關預測 02 閱讀理解之推理判斷題 (含解析)，共21頁。

英語朗讀寶

相關試卷 更多

【備戰(zhàn)2023高考】英語考點全復習——考點28 閱讀理解推理判斷題（重難題型）（全國通用）

【備戰(zhàn)2023高考】英語考點全復習——考點28 閱讀理解推理判斷題（重難題型）（全國通用）
(通用版)高考英語二輪復習考點過關練42《閱讀理解推理判斷題》(含解析)

(通用版)高考英語二輪復習考點過關練42《閱讀理解推理判斷題》(含解析)
2022屆新高考英語一輪復習 夯基提升 閱讀理解題組3 推理判斷題

2022屆新高考英語一輪復習 夯基提升 閱讀理解題組3 推理判斷題
2021屆高考英語閱讀理解題型精準練——推理判斷題

2021屆高考英語閱讀理解題型精準練——推理判斷題
資料下載及使用幫助
版權申訴
版權申訴
若您為此資料的原創(chuàng)作者，認為該資料內容侵犯了您的知識產權，請掃碼添加我們的相關工作人員，我們盡可能的保護您的合法權益。
入駐教習網，可獲得資源免費推廣曝光，還可獲得多重現(xiàn)金獎勵，申請 精品資源制作， 工作室入駐。
版權申訴二維碼
高考專區(qū)
歡迎來到教習網
  • 900萬優(yōu)選資源，讓備課更輕松
  • 600萬優(yōu)選試題，支持自由組卷
  • 高質量可編輯，日均更新2000+
  • 百萬教師選擇，專業(yè)更值得信賴
微信掃碼注冊
qrcode
二維碼已過期
刷新

微信掃碼，快速注冊

手機號注冊
手機號碼

手機號格式錯誤

手機驗證碼 獲取驗證碼

手機驗證碼已經成功發(fā)送，5分鐘內有效

設置密碼

6-20個字符，數字、字母或符號

注冊即視為同意教習網「注冊協(xié)議」及「隱私條款」
QQ注冊
手機號注冊
微信注冊

注冊成功

返回
頂部