第三講 快速攻克句法和邏輯錯(cuò)誤
1. 判斷主謂語是關(guān)鍵:可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞作主語謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)；動(dòng)名詞ding、t d不定式、名詞性從句或不定代詞做主語, 謂語動(dòng)詞一般用第三人稱單數(shù); 就近原則：nt nly A but als B/Either A r B/neither A nr B作主語謂語動(dòng)詞要與B 保持一致; there be A and B中be與A保持一致；就遠(yuǎn)原則：A alng with / tgether with /as well as /including /but /except B 作主語謂語動(dòng)詞要和A保持一致; 倒裝句中要找出句子的主語再判斷謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù); 定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞要與先行詞保持一致。
1. (2020 年全國(guó)Ⅲ卷) My dad dn’t like the sup and I dn’t enjy apples.2.(2021年 高三聯(lián)考) Learning a freign language take us lts f time.3.(2021 年高三聯(lián)考) Nt nly Jhn but als I are ging t Shanghai next week.3. (2021年惠州市高三模擬) I, tgether with my parents and cusins, were planning t have a fantastic beach day.4. (2020年長(zhǎng)春外國(guó)語學(xué)校質(zhì)檢)Yu are the mst cnsiderate persn wh knw exactly what I need in ur class.
1. (2021年?？碱})Varius perfrmances, including dancing and singing, was shwn during the festival. (改錯(cuò))2.（2021年天一大聯(lián)考改編題) China, which is recgnized widely as the hmetwn f tea, gain a big reputatin f tea
2. 辨別附加成分是難點(diǎn)：對(duì)于分割現(xiàn)象，可以用刪減原則：從整體把握主干，去掉句中的插入語、非謂語動(dòng)詞、定語從句等分割干擾成分，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)化，一目了然。
1. 定語從句引導(dǎo)詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，從句中缺成分用關(guān)系代詞that/which/wh/whm(賓格)/whse，若從句不缺成分用關(guān)系副詞when(先行詞是時(shí)間)/where(先行詞是地點(diǎn))/why(先行詞是reasn)；what不能作定語從句引導(dǎo)詞；非限定定語從句不能用that /what等引導(dǎo)。
2. 從句連詞使用錯(cuò)誤
1. (2020 年全國(guó)Ⅱ卷) Thank yu fr yur letter, what really made me happy.2. (2020年全國(guó)Ⅲ卷) Understanding her gd intentins, I eat all the fd what is prvided by Mm with appreciatin.3. (2019年全國(guó)I卷) One afternn where I was in primary schl, I was walking by the schl playgrund.4. (2018年全國(guó) I卷) They als had a small pnd which they raise fish.
2. 名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞有: that (不作任何成分, 只起引導(dǎo)作用, 后跟完整的陳述句賓語從句中可省略); whether/if(表是否, 后跟完整的陳述句); 特殊疑問詞（關(guān)系代詞：what/which/wh/whse 在句中做成分; 關(guān)系副詞:when/ where/ hw/why 后跟完整的句子）。
1. (2016年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)My uncle is the wner f a restaurant clse t that I live. 2. (2015年全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)He turned arund and fund where his parents were missing. 3 (2012年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷) Fr a while, my parents bught me new tys. But befre lng, they began t see which was happening. 4. (2020年惠州高三模擬) Thugh we didn’t have a clear picture f hw it wuld lk like, we simply enjyed urselves.
3. 狀語從句連詞主要包括 when/while/as sn as/since/befre/after; where; because /as /since; ; if/in case/unless; thugh/althugh 等。狀語從句常考的有(如此...以至于, 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句) , s that (以便于, 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句)的誤用; thugh/althugh不能和 but 連用, 但可以和 yet 連用; because/since 不能和 s 連用等。
1. (2020 年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Then I can spare sme time t learn it again, such that we can practice tgether every day. 2. (2016 年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Thugh nt very big, but the restaurant is ppular in ur area. 3. (2015全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)He turned arund and fund where his parents were missing.
1. (2020 年全國(guó)Ⅲ卷) In rder t make sure all f us are in gd health, and she makes specific plans fr us.2. (2021年高三聯(lián)考) If yu wrk hard, and yu will make great prgress.3. (自編題) Wrk hard, yu will make great prgress.
1. (2020 年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷) First I cut the tmates int pieces but put them aside.2. (2017 年全國(guó)Ⅲ卷) I have grwn nt nly physically, and als mentally in the past few years.
1. 常考的并列連詞有：and; bth ...；nt nly ... but (als) ...; neither ...等表示順承或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系；but; yet; while 等表示對(duì)比或轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系；r; either ...; nt ...表示選擇關(guān)系；fr, s表示因果關(guān)系。常考r與and的誤用; and與but的誤用；s與but 的誤用等。
3. 并列連詞使用錯(cuò)誤
2. 也要注意考狀語或狀語從句和主句之間多加并列連詞或并列句少加并列連詞的情況，這樣的句法錯(cuò)誤很難發(fā)現(xiàn)。
添加and或把wrk改為wrking
1. (2021年全國(guó)乙卷)In my pinin, students can benefit a lt frm ding sme husewrk. Firstly,.. That’s ur view n husewrk.2. (2020 2卷) Best f luck with yurs learning Kng fu in China.3. (2019年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷) Frm then n, I started t play my ftball with classmates after schl.4. (2019 3卷) In the cafe, custmers will enjy yurselves in the histrical envirnment that is created fr them.
1. 關(guān)注代詞誤用?？碱愋停褐复朔Q不一致; 代詞的性別不一致；代指單復(fù)數(shù)不一致；代詞的格與文章的邏輯意義不一致；反身代詞誤用；形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞混淆; 形容詞性物主代詞的少用等。
1. (2017年全國(guó)Ⅱ卷) Mr?and Mrs?Zhang?all wrk in ur schl.?2. (2009 年全國(guó)新課標(biāo)) I’ m glad t say that anything has wrked ut fine in the drm.3. (2021·銀川質(zhì)量檢測(cè))What’s mre, I’ll be able t tell students frm anther cuntries abut China and learn abut their cuntries as well.
2. 牢記下列不定代詞的用法:many 和 much 的誤用; few/a few 和 little/a little 的誤用；all 和bth 的誤用；ther 與 anther 誤用等；sme 和 any的誤用；neither 和 either 的誤用。
When I was little, Friday’s night was ur family game night. After supper, we wuld play card games f all srt in the sitting rm. As the kid, I lved t watch cartns, but n matter hw many times I asked t watching them, my parents wuld nt t let me. They wuld say t us that playing card games wuld help my brain. Still I unwilling t play the games fr them smetimes. I didn’t realize hw right my parents are until I entered high schl. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned ut t be very useful later in my life．
When I lk at this picture f myself. I realize f hw fast time flies. I had grwn nt nly physically and als mentally in the past few years. Abut ne mnth after this pht was tk, I entered my secnd year f high schl and becme a new member f the schl music club. Arund me in picture are the things they were very imprtant in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjyed studying difference kinds f cars and planes, playing pp music, and cllecting the late music albums. This picture ften brings back t me many happy memries f yur high schl days．

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