?沖刺2021年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解
第十模塊：健康環(huán)保類
Passage 1．（2021?宜昌模擬）
Zero﹣emission（零排放） large passenger aircraft powered by hydrogen will be technically possible in five years， according to Airbus， but they will not enter service for at least a decade as the price of the fuel needs to come down.
The prediction comes from Glenn Llewellyn， vice﹣president of zero﹣emissions technology at the pan﹣European plane﹣maker. He said that while Airbus planned to demonstrate hydrogen﹣powered aircraft in 2025， over the next 10 years， hydrogen won't be more economical than the fossil fuel.
For passengers to be flying genuinely emissions free aboard hydrogen﹣powered planes ﹣ which emit only water and heat ﹣ their fuel needs to come from hydrogen produced via renewable sources such as wind and solar， he added.
In an interview ahead of the Bloomberg NEF London Summit， Mr. Llewellyn said， "We already see massive increases in the amount of renewable energy being produced across the world. Wind energy production has multiplied by two over the last five years and solar energy production has multiplied by four."
A further challenge is building up the ecosystem that hydrogen aircraft， along with other forms of transport， will need. This ranges from creating the fuel from electrolysis（電解） to split water into hydrogen and oxygen powered by renewable energy， to the actual transport of the gas and fueling systems for it at airports.
However， Mr. Llewellyn predicted that there was enough interest in the sector to make this happen. He added， "There are a number of independent institutes that have mapped out how hydrogen costs can come down over the next decades. We see a 30pc reduction in renewable hydrogen costs in 2030 compared to where it is today， and a 50pc reduction in renewable hydrogen costs by 2050."
（1）What can we know about the hydrogen﹣powered aircraft according to the passage？　　
A. It will be an unrealistic dream. B. The cost of its fuel keeps rising.
C. It will be accessible within a decade. D. Renewable energy makes it environmentally friendly.
（2）What did Mr. Llewellyn say about renewable energy？　　
A. It gains growing popularity throughout the world.
B. More wind energy has been produced than solar energy.
C. Hydrogen can only be generated from wind and solar energy.
D. Hydrogen will be cheaper than fossil fuel in the coming ten years.
（3）What does the underlined word "this" in paragraph 5 refer to？　　
A. Ecosystem B. Challenge C. Aircraft D. Prediction
（4）What is Mr. Llewellyn's attitude towards the future of hydrogen﹣powered aircraft？　　
A. Objective. B. Optimistic. C. Doubtful. D. Pessimistic.
【考點(diǎn)】健康環(huán)保類閱讀．菁優(yōu)網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有
【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了零排放氫動(dòng)力飛機(jī)的研發(fā)現(xiàn)狀和未來(lái)，還說(shuō)明了氫動(dòng)力飛機(jī)的一些特性和優(yōu)點(diǎn)以及仍然面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。
【解答】（1）D. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段For passengers to be flying genuinely emissions free aboard hydrogen﹣powered planes﹣which emit only water and heat一their fuel needs to come from hydrogen produced via renewable sources such as wind and solar， he added.（他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，如果乘客乘坐的是真正免費(fèi)排放的氫動(dòng)力飛機(jī)一只排放水和熱量，他們的燃料需要來(lái)自風(fēng)能和太陽(yáng)能等可再生資源產(chǎn)生的氫）可知，氫動(dòng)力飛機(jī)使用可再生能源，很環(huán)保。故選D.
（2）A. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段In an interview ahead of the Bloomberg NEF London Summit， Mr. Llewellyn said， "We already see massive increases in the amount of renewable energy being produced across the world. Wind energy production has multiplied by two over the last five years and solar energy production has multiplied by four."（在彭博新能源論壇倫敦峰會(huì)召開前的一次采訪中，Llewellyn先生說(shuō)："我們已經(jīng)看到世界各地可再生能源產(chǎn)量的大幅增長(zhǎng)。風(fēng)能產(chǎn)量在過(guò)去5年增加了2倍，太陽(yáng)能產(chǎn)量增加了4倍。"）根據(jù)Llewellyn的話可推知可再生能源在全世界越來(lái)越受歡迎。故選A.
（3）B. 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文A further challenge is building up the ecosystem that hydrogen aircraft， along with other forms of transport， will need.（另一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)是建立氫燃料飛機(jī)和其他交通工具所需要的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）可知，這一挑戰(zhàn)包括從可再生能源為動(dòng)力將水電解成氫和氧的氫燃料生產(chǎn)，到運(yùn)輸氫燃料的交通工具以及機(jī)場(chǎng)的燃料補(bǔ)給系統(tǒng)。即，畫線詞指的是"挑戰(zhàn)"，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A. Ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)；B. Challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C. Aircraft飛行器；D. Prediction預(yù)測(cè)，由此可知答案選B.
（4）B. 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段 However， Mr. Llewellyn predicted that there was enough interest in the sector to make this happen. He added， "There are a number of independent institutes that have mapped out how hydrogen costs can come down over the next decades. We see a 30pc reduction in renewable hydrogen costs in 2030 compared to where it is today， and a 50pc reduction in renewable hydrogen costs by 2050."（不過(guò)，Llewellyn先生預(yù)計(jì)，業(yè)內(nèi)對(duì)氫動(dòng)力飛機(jī)的濃厚興趣將助其實(shí)現(xiàn)。他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，"有許多獨(dú)立的研究機(jī)構(gòu)已經(jīng)制定出如何在未來(lái)幾十年降低氫成本的方案。我們預(yù)計(jì)，到2030年，可再生氫成本將比現(xiàn)在減少30%，到2050年，可再生氫成本將減少50%。"）可推知，Llewellyn先生對(duì)氫動(dòng)力飛機(jī)的未來(lái)持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A. Objective客觀的；B. Optimistic樂(lè)觀的；C. Doubtful懷疑的；D. Pessimistic悲觀的，由此可知答案選B.
Passage 2．（2021?成都模擬）
Big， old trees are dying faster than in the past， leaving younger， less biodiverse forests that store less carbon worldwide. They give us paper and fuel， as well as vital ecological services﹣like cleaning the air， storing carbon and providing habitat. We're talking about trees， of course. But human changes to the environment appear to be causing profound changes to trees around the world.
In a new study， scientists reviewed global research on trends in tree seedlings growth and death. They combined those data with an analysis of deforestation. And they found that worldwide， older trees are dying at a higher rate than in the past due to factors like rising air temperature， wildfires， drought and pathogens（病原菌）.
"And most of the drivers of that decrease in large， old trees are increasing themselves， such as temperature is going up， droughts are more severe， wildfires， windstorms and deforestation are all on the increase﹣although variable across the globe﹣they're generally increasing. And so for both the loss has already occurred， but we expect more continued loss of big， old trees." said Nate McDowell， an earth scientist at Pacific Northwest National Lab， who was one of the study's authors.
"So if we have an increasing rate of death， particularly of the larger， older trees， what's left are the younger trees. So that's why， on average， through the loss of bigger， older trees， our forests are becoming inherently（天生地） younger and shorter."
This trend is a problem， because old trees are vitally important.
"For sure，the increase in death does limit the carbon storage of an ecosystem and can force the system to become a carbon source to the atmosphere. The second reason we care is from a biodiversity perspective：old trees tend to house a higher biodiversity than young forests do. And the third reason is aesthetic： as a society， we care about these trees. We have national parks named after these big trees. So there's a personal reason for people to care about this as well."
（1）What has the new study found about the forests？　　
A. Forests are getting younger and shorter. B. Many factors cause the death of big old trees.
C. Old trees are beneficial to humans in many ways. D. The death of big old trees influences biodiversity.
（2）What do the underlined words "the drivers" in Paragraph 3 refer to？　　
A. The death rates of big old trees. B. The trends in the death of big old trees.
C. The human changes to the environment. D. The factors causing high death rate of old trees.
（3）How is the significance of big old trees illustrated？　　
A. By giving examples. B. By analyzing reasons. C. By listing facts. D. By providing figures.
（4）What's the purpose of the text？　　
A. To call on people to protect old trees. B. To illustrate a phenomenon about old trees.
C. To share the findings of a new study about trees. D. To analyze the reasons why some trees are dying faster.
【考點(diǎn)】健康環(huán)保類閱讀；說(shuō)明文閱讀．菁優(yōu)網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有
【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了人類對(duì)環(huán)境的改變似乎正在給世界各地的樹木帶來(lái)深刻的變化：古樹在減少，森林越來(lái)越年輕。從而論述了古樹減少的原因以及號(hào)召人們保護(hù)古樹。
【解答】（1）B. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容In a new study， scientists reviewed global research on trends in tree seedlings growth and death. They combined those data with an analysis of deforestation. And they found that worldwide， older trees are dying at a higher rate than in the past due to factors like rising air temperature， wildfires， drought and pathogens（病原菌）.（在一項(xiàng)新的研究中，科學(xué)家回顧了全球?qū)涿缟L(zhǎng)和死亡趨勢(shì)的研究。他們將這些數(shù)據(jù)與森林砍伐分析結(jié)合起來(lái)。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)在世界范圍內(nèi)，由于氣溫上升、野火、干旱和病原體等因素，老樹的死亡率比過(guò)去更高。）可知B項(xiàng)Many factors cause the death of big old trees（很多因素造成老樹的死亡）符合題意，故選B.
（2）D. 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中的older trees are dying at a higher rate than in the past due to factors like rising air temperature， wildfires， drought and pathogens（病原菌）.（由于氣溫上升、野火、干旱和病原體等因素，老樹的死亡率比過(guò)去更高）可知很多種老樹減少的原因例如溫度升高，干旱更加嚴(yán)重，野火，暴風(fēng)雨和森林砍伐等，故我們可推測(cè)the drivers指的是造成老樹死亡的因素，故選D.
（3）B. 寫作手法題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"For sure，the increase in death does limit the carbon storage of an ecosystem and can force the system to become a carbon source to the atmosphere. The second reason we care is from a biodiversity perspective：old trees tend to house a higher biodiversity than young forests do. And the third reason is aesthetic： as a society， we care about these trees. （"可以肯定的是，死亡人數(shù)的增加確實(shí)限制了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的碳儲(chǔ)存，并可能迫使生態(tài)系統(tǒng)成為大氣的碳源。我們關(guān)心的第二個(gè)原因是從生物多樣性的角度來(lái)看：老樹往往比幼林擁有更高的生物多樣性。第三個(gè)原因是審美：作為一個(gè)社會(huì)，我們關(guān)心這些樹。）可知該段列舉了老樹至關(guān)重要的三個(gè)原因，故我們可知是通過(guò)分析原因體現(xiàn)的，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A. By giving examples舉例說(shuō)明；B. By analyzing reasons通過(guò)分析原因；C. By listing facts列舉事實(shí)；D. By providing figures通過(guò)提供數(shù)字，由此可知答案選B.
（4）A. 寫作目的題。從最后一段最后一句話We have national parks named after these big trees. So there's a personal reason for people to care about this as well.（我們有以這些大樹命名的國(guó)家公園。所以人們也有自己的理由關(guān)心這個(gè)。）可知道該文章主要的目的是號(hào)召人們保護(hù)老樹，故選A.
Passage 3．（2021?樂(lè)山模擬）
Human illumination （照明）of the planet is growing in range and intensity by about 2% a year， creating a problem that can be compared to climate change， according to a team of biologists from the University of Exeter.
Hormone （激素）levels， breeding cycles and activity patterns are being affected across a broad range of species. In all the animal species examined， they found reduced levels of melatonin一 a hormone that regulates sleep cycles 一 as a result of artificial light at night. Behavioural patterns were also disturbed. Rodents， which mostly search for food at night， were active for a shorter period？ while birds started singing and searching for worms earlier in the day.
The outcomes were not purely negative. The scientists said certain species in certain locations benefited from night﹣time light：some plants grew faster and some types of bats thrived （興旺）. But they said the overall effect was catastrophic， particularly to the insects drawn to fast﹣moving car lamps.
Satellite images of the Earth at night show how rapidly the problem is expanding geographically， but lights are also becoming more intense as expensive soft amber bulbs are replaced by greater numbers of cheap bright white LEDs. This is biologically problematic because the white light has a wider range， like sunlight.
Unlike the climate crisis， however， the lead author， Kevin Gaston said solving the lighting problem would save rather than cost money. But it would require a change of mindset. "At the heart of this is a deep﹣rooted human need to light up the night. We are still in a sense afraid of the dark，" he said. "The ability to turn the night﹣time into something like the daytime is something we have pursued far beyond the necessity of doing so. "
（1）What is paragraph 2 mainly about？　　
A. The wide use of artificial light. B. The bad effects of artificial light.
C. The abnormal behaviour of species. D. The biological diversity of species.
（2）What do the underlined words "the problem" in paragraph 4 refer to？　　
A. The amount of lighting. B. The change of sunlight.
C. The range of white LEDs. D. The pressure of climate change.
（3）What can we learn from Kevin Gaston's words？　　
A. It takes time to get the problem solved. B. To light up the night sky is not necessary.
C. It costs money to solve the lighting problem. D. The problem is deeply rooted in the history.
（4）What does the author try to convey through this passage？　　
A. We should protect our environment in a scientific way.
B. We should solve climate crisis with a biological approach.
C. We should conserve our nature with maximum effort.
D. We should treat artificial light like other forms of pollution.
【考點(diǎn)】健康環(huán)保類閱讀；說(shuō)明文閱讀．菁優(yōu)網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有
【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)研究表明人類照明在范圍和強(qiáng)度上每年增長(zhǎng)約2%，造成了一個(gè)可以與氣候變化相比較的問(wèn)題，對(duì)動(dòng)物等造成不良影響。
【解答】（1）B. 段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段的Hormone （激素） levels， breeding cycles and activity patterns are being affected across a broad range of species.（各種各樣的物種的激素水平、繁殖周期和活動(dòng)模式正受到影響。）和Rodents， which mostly search for food at night， were active for a shorter period？ while birds started singing and searching for worms earlier in the day.（主要在夜間尋找食物的嚙齒動(dòng)物活動(dòng)時(shí)間較短？而鳥兒在一天的早些時(shí)候就開始唱歌和尋找蠕蟲。）可推斷本段主要講述了人工燈光的不良影響。故選B.
（2）A. 詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文but lights are also becoming more intense as expensive soft amber bulbs are replaced by greater numbers of cheap bright white LEDs.（但隨著昂貴的軟琥珀燈泡被更多的廉價(jià)明亮的白色LED所取代，燈光也變得越來(lái)越強(qiáng)烈）可推斷劃線詞所在部分 how rapidly the problem is expanding geographically（這個(gè)問(wèn)題在地理上擴(kuò)展得有多快）所說(shuō)的the problem指的是燈光的數(shù)量，變得越來(lái)越多。故選A.
（3）B. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Kevin Gaston說(shuō)的話The ability to turn the night﹣time into something like the daytime is something we have pursued far beyond the necessity of doing so.（把夜間變成白天的能力是我們所追求的東西，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了這樣做的必要性）可推斷從Kevin Gaston的話我們可以推斷照亮夜空是不必要的。故選B.
（4）D. 寫作目的題。根據(jù)第一段的Human ilumination（照明） of the planet is growing in range and intensity by about 2% a year， creating a problem that can be compared to climate change， according to a team of biologists from the University of Exeter.（埃克塞特大學(xué)的一個(gè)生物學(xué)家小組說(shuō)，地球的人類照明在范圍和強(qiáng)度上每年增長(zhǎng)約2%，這造成了一個(gè)可以與氣候變化相比較的問(wèn)題）以及下文的分析和最后提到的far beyond the necessity of doing so（遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了這樣做的必要性）可推斷本文的寫作目的是我們應(yīng)該像對(duì)待其他形式的污染一樣對(duì)待人工光。由此可知答案選D.
Passage 4．（2021?全國(guó)模擬）
In my everyday life， I am on an ongoing journey to figure out different ways to reduce my carbon footprint on the planet. A carbon footprint is the measure of influence our activities have on the environment， in particular climate change. It is calculated by the amount of greenhouse gas we produce in our daily lives. Fortunately， nowadays it is much easier to make eco﹣friendly lifestyle choices than， let's say， 20 years ago. But one question has been on my mind a lot lately： is it better to buy new eco﹣friendly products or used traditionally produced goods？
After doing some research， I have decided that some things are better new and others are better used. Let me try to explain.
A carbon footprint is made up of two parts， the primary footprint and the secondary footprint. The primary footprint is a measure of our direct emissions （排放） of carbon dioxide （CO2）from the burning of fuels， including household energy consumption and transportation. The secondary footprint is a measure of the indirect CO2 emissions from the whole lifecycle of products we use ﹣ those related to their production and breakdown.
Based on this understanding， we have a good deal of control and responsibility over our carbon footprint. Things like dishes， clothes and furniture fall into the "secondary footprint" group， so less is more and we can focus on finding used goods to avoid the added production. However， for the car and the other appliances （設(shè)備） that we need we can go with new， energy﹣saving models. I heard somewhere that electronics and appliances give off 90% of their carbon footprint after they leave the factory. So it seems most reasonable to go for the energy﹣saving models. The main concern here is the amount of energy that goes into the making of new products and whether or not that extra carbon is worth the footprint the product will make once it gets to you.
（1）What is the text mainly about？　　
A. What appliances to buy to save energy. B. What a carbon footprint means in our life.
C. How to identify different carbon footprints. D. How to make eco﹣friendly lifestyle choices.
（2）What do we know about the secondary carbon footprint？　　
A. It is related to our consumption of fuels. B. It is made when we are buying the products.
C. It is less harmful than the primary carbon footprint. D. It is counted as ours though not directly made by us.
（3）Which of the following helps reduce our carbon footprint according to the author？　　
A. Using second﹣hand textbooks. B. Using old and expensive cars.
C. Buying new but cheap clothes. D. Buying new wooden furniture.
（4）"The footprint" underlined in the last sentence refers to the CO2 produced in　　.
A. using the product B. recycling the product C. making the product D. transporting the product
【考點(diǎn)】健康環(huán)保類閱讀；說(shuō)明文閱讀．菁優(yōu)網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有
【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要探討了如何降低碳排放量，介紹了如何正確做出一些環(huán)境友好的日常生活選擇。
【解答】（1）D.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句 But one question has been on my mind a lot lately： is it better to buy new eco﹣friendly products or used traditionally produced goods？ 但是最近有一個(gè)問(wèn)題一直縈繞在我的腦海中：是購(gòu)買新的環(huán)保產(chǎn)品更好，還是使用傳統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品更好？及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要探討了如何降低碳排放量，介紹了如何正確做出一些環(huán)境友好的生活選擇，故D項(xiàng)符合文意。故答案為D。
（2）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。該題的題眼是secondary carbon footprint ，由此根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句 The secondary footprint is a measure of the indirect CO2 emissions from the whole lifecycle of products we use ﹣ those related to their production and breakdown. 二級(jí)足跡是衡量我們使用的產(chǎn)品的整個(gè)生命周期的間接 CO2 排放量﹣﹣這些排放與產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)和分解有關(guān)。結(jié)合句意以及句子中的關(guān)鍵詞 indirect 可知，二級(jí)碳足跡是我們間接導(dǎo)致的碳排放，因此D項(xiàng)"它算作我們的，雖然不是直接由我們制造的。"符合文意。故答案為D。
（3）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段第二句和第三句 Things like dishes， clothes and furniture fall into the "'secondary footprint" group， so less is more and we can focus on finding used goods to avoid the added production. However， for the car and the other appliancesthat we need we can go with new， energy﹣saving models. 像盤子、衣服和家具之類的東西都屬于"第二足跡"組，所以少就是多，我們可以集中精力尋找二手貨，以避免增加生產(chǎn)。然而，對(duì)于我們需要的汽車和其他設(shè)備，我們可以選擇新的節(jié)能車型?？芍褂枚值奈锲房梢詼p少碳排放，故A項(xiàng)"使用二手課本"符合文意。故答案為A。
（4）A.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后一句中的 the footprint the product will make once it gets to you 產(chǎn)品到達(dá)你手上后產(chǎn)生的碳足跡?？芍?，我們使用了產(chǎn)品以后才會(huì)產(chǎn)生碳足跡，因此此處"The footprint"指的是使用過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的碳足跡，A項(xiàng)符合文意。故答案為A。
Passage 5．（2021?山東模擬）
While the novel coronavirus is dangerous for everyone，it is particularly so for the first responders who are being exposed to the illness daily. In the US alone ，almost 5，500 nurses， doctors， and other healthcare professionals have been infected with COVID﹣19. Now， hospital workers worldwide may get some relief thanks to . Spot， a semi﹣autonomous four﹣legged robot developed by Waltham，Massachusetts﹣based robotics company， Boston Dynamics.
"Starting in early March， Boston Dynamics started receiving inquiries from hospitals asking if our robots could help minimize their staffs exposure to COVID﹣19，" the company writes in a blog post."One of the hospitals that we spoke to shared that， within a week， a sixth of their staff had contracted COVID﹣19 and that they were looking into using robots to take more of their staff out of range of the novel virus.
In response， the company reconfigured the 3﹣foot tall， 70﹣pound robot to operate as a mobile telemedicine platform， enabling healtheare providers to determine a patient's condition remotely. The first four﹣legged "medical practitioner" was deployed to the Brigham and Women's Hospital of Harvard University on April9，2020. Equipped with an iPad "face" and a two﹣way radio that allows for real﹣time conversation， Spot helps doctors to speak to patients without coming in contact with them.
"With current protocols at local hospitals， patients suspected to have COVID﹣19 are asked to line up in tents outside to answer questions and get initial assessments for temperature. This process requires up to five medical staff， placing those individuals at high risk of contracting the virus，" Boston Dynamics explains."With the use of a mobile robot， hospitals are able to reduce the number of necessary medical staff at the scene and conserve their limited PPE [personal protective equipment] supply. "The company says the doctors can even use Spot to talk to patients from the safety of their own homes.
Though Spot has already proved extremely helpful ，the robotics manufacturer believes it can be even more so. The engineers are currently working on "teaching" the robot to perform tasks like temperature checks and respiratory rate calculations using thermal camera technology.
（1）What do we know about the robot according to the passage？　　
A. AI could diagnose diseases correctly from medical imaging.
B. Human healthcare experts had a competition with the robot.
C. AI can be used to offer assistance to medical workers.
D. The robot is performed by experts throughout the world.
（2）What does the underlined word "reconfigured" in Paragraph 3 mean？　　
A. Rearranged. B. Restored. C. Fixed. D. Invented.
（3）What is the further intention of the company？　　
A. It should be more scientifically based. B. It can make robots carry out more tasks.
C. It will involve better disease diagnosis. D. It should increase the production of robots.
（4）Which column of the newspaper is this text most likely from？　　
A. Science study. B. Our world. C. Campus life. D. Star stories.
【考點(diǎn)】健康環(huán)保類閱讀；說(shuō)明文閱讀．菁優(yōu)網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有
【分析】本文是一篇健康環(huán)保類閱讀，主要講述了新冠肺炎期間人工智能機(jī)器人能幫助醫(yī)護(hù)人員進(jìn)行一些理療操作，并且人工智能機(jī)器人存在長(zhǎng)期的發(fā)展性。
【解答】（1）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段Now， hospital workers worldwide may get some relief thanks to . Spot， a semi﹣autonomous four﹣legged robot developed by Waltham，Massachusetts﹣based robotics company， Boston Dynamics.（現(xiàn)在，全世界的醫(yī)院工作人員可能會(huì)得到一些緩解。Spot是一種半自主的四足機(jī)器人，由總部位于馬薩諸塞州的機(jī)器人公司波士頓動(dòng)力公司開發(fā)）可知，人工智能可以被用來(lái)幫助醫(yī)療工作者，以緩解他們的工作壓力，故選C.
（2）A.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第三段 In response， the company reconfigured the 3﹣foot tall， 70﹣pound robot to operate as a mobile telemedicine platform， enabling healtheare providers to determine a patient's condition remotely. （作為回應(yīng)，該公司重新配置了3英尺高、70磅重的機(jī)器人，使其成為一個(gè)移動(dòng)遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療平臺(tái)，使healtheare供應(yīng)商能夠遠(yuǎn)程確定患者的病情）可知，劃線單詞意為："重新配置"，A. Rearranged重新安排；B. Restored恢復(fù)；C. Fixed修復(fù)；D. Invented發(fā)明，故選A.
（3）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段The engineers are currently working on "teaching" the robot to perform tasks like temperature checks and respiratory rate calculations using thermal camera technology.（目前，教學(xué)人員正在使用"機(jī)器人體溫檢測(cè)技術(shù)"來(lái)進(jìn)行體溫檢測(cè)）可知，工程師們?cè)谟脵C(jī)器人來(lái)完成體溫檢測(cè)和呼吸頻率計(jì)算等任務(wù)，因此該公司有著讓機(jī)器人執(zhí)行更多任務(wù)的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)計(jì)算，故選B.
（4）A.文章出處題。根據(jù)文章第一段Now， hospital workers worldwide may get some relief thanks to . Spot， a semi﹣autonomous four﹣legged robot developed by Waltham，Massachusetts﹣based robotics company， Boston Dynamics.（現(xiàn)在，全世界的醫(yī)院工作人員可能會(huì)得到一些緩解。Spot是一種半自主的四足機(jī)器人，由總部位于馬薩諸塞州的機(jī)器人公司波士頓動(dòng)力公司開發(fā)）可知，本文章主要講述了新冠肺炎期間人工智能機(jī)器人能幫助醫(yī)護(hù)人員進(jìn)行一些理療操作，并且人工智能機(jī)器人存在長(zhǎng)期的發(fā)展性。因此該文章最有可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的科學(xué)研究板塊，故選A.
Passage 6．（2020?陽(yáng)泉模擬）
Researchers studied data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey， organized by the Center for Disease Control （CDC）in the United States and looked at the relationship between cups of coffee drunk per day， and both total body fat percentage and abdominal（腹部）or 'trunk' fat．
They found that women aged 20﹣44 who drank two or three cups of coffee per day had the lowest levels of obesity， 3.4% lower than people who did not consume coffee． Among women aged between 45﹣69， those who drank four or more cups had an obesity percentage 4.1% lower．
Overall， the average total body fat percentage was 2.8% lower among women of all ages who drank two or three cups of coffee per day．
The findings were consistent whether the coffee consumed was caffeinated or decaffeinated， and among smokers/non﹣smokers and those suffering from chronic（慢性的） diseases when compared to those in good health．
In men， the relationship was less significant， although men aged 20﹣44 who drank two or three cups per day had 1.3% less total fat and 1.8% less trunk fat than those who did not consume coffee．
Around 7 million tons of coffee is consumed globally every year． Dr Lee Smith， Reader in Public Health at Anglia Ruskin University and senior author of the study， said： "Our research suggests that there may be active compounds in coffee other than caffeine that manage weight and which could potentially be used as anti﹣obesity compounds．"
"It could be possible that coffee， or its effective ingredients（原料）could be integrated（使整合）into a healthy diet strategy to reduce the burden of chronic conditions related to the obesity．" Dr Lee Smith added， "It is important to interpret the findings of this study in light of its limitations﹣ the study was at a specific point in time so trends cannot be established． However， we don't believe that someone's weight is likely to influence their coffee consumption．"
（1）What in coffee mainly influences body fat according to Dr Lee Smith？　　
A． The caffeine． B． The decaffeinated． C． The effective compounds． D． The rich nutrition．
（2）What can be inferred from the text？　　
A． Coffee has less effect on men than women in fat according to the finding．
B． The women aged 20﹣44 like to drink two or three cups of coffee per day．
C． The researchers found that the coffee consumers preferred caffeinated coffee．
D． Trends will be established to limit people's weights by their coffee consumption．
（3）Where is this text most likely from？　　
A． A diary． B． A guidebook． C． A novel． D． A magazine．
（4）What is the best title for the text？　　
A． Chronic Diseases Related to the Obesity B． Coffee Linked to Lower Body Fat
C． Coffee Related to Heart Disease D． Study Discloses the Benefits of Coffee
【考點(diǎn)】健康環(huán)保類閱讀；說(shuō)明文閱讀．菁優(yōu)網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有
【分析】這是一篇健康環(huán)保類閱讀，本文章主要說(shuō)明了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，每天喝兩到三杯咖啡的所有年齡段女性的平均體脂率要低2.8%，無(wú)論喝的咖啡是含咖啡因還是不含咖啡因，無(wú)論是吸煙者還是不吸煙者，還是患有慢性疾病的人，與健康狀況良好的人相比，研究結(jié)果都是一致的。
【解答】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段Dr Lee Smith， Reader in Public Heath at Anglia Ruskin University and senior author of the study， said： ‘Our research suggests that there may be active compounds in coffee other than caffeine that manage weigh and which could potentially be used as anti﹣obesity compounds.（安格利亞魯斯金大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生專業(yè)的讀者、該研究的資深作者Lee Smith博士說(shuō)："我們的研究表明，咖啡中除了咖啡因外，可能還有其他可以控制體重的活性化合物，它們有可能被用作抗肥胖化合物）可知，Lee Smith博士指出，咖啡中的有效化合物影響身體脂肪，故選C.
（2）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段They found that women aged 20﹣ 44 who drank two or three cups of coffee per day had the lowest levels of obesity， 3.4% lower than people who did not consume coffee.（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，年齡在20到44歲之間、每天喝2到3杯咖啡的女性肥胖率最低，比不喝咖啡的女性肥胖率低3.4%）；以及第五段In men， the relationship was less significant although men aged 20﹣44 who drank two or three cups per day had 1.39% less total fat and 1.8% less trunk fat than those who did not consume coffee.（在男性中，這種關(guān)系不那么重要，盡管20到44歲的男性中，每天喝2到3杯咖啡的人總脂肪比不喝咖啡的人少1.39%，軀干脂肪少1.8%）可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，咖啡對(duì)男性脂肪的影響要小于女性，故選A.
（3）D.文章出處題。根據(jù)文章第一段Researchers studied data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey， organized by the Center for Disease Control （CDC）in the United States and looked at the relationship between cups of coffee drunk per day， and both total body fat percentage and abdominal（腹部）or 'trunk' fat．（研究人員研究了由美國(guó)疾病控制中心組織的國(guó)家健康和營(yíng)養(yǎng)檢查調(diào)查的數(shù)據(jù)，并研究了每天喝咖啡杯與身體總脂肪百分比和腹部脂肪之間的關(guān)系。）可知，主要說(shuō)明了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，每天喝兩到三杯咖啡的所有年齡段女性的平均體脂率要低2.8%，無(wú)論喝的咖啡是含咖啡因還是不含咖啡因，無(wú)論是吸煙者還是不吸煙者，還是患有慢性疾病的人，與健康狀況良好的人相比，研究結(jié)果都是一致的。但是這一影響對(duì)男性來(lái)說(shuō)相對(duì)較小。因此文章屬于健康研究類，最有可能選自一本雜志，A．A diary一本日記；B．A guidebook旅游指南；C．A novel一本小說(shuō)；D．A magazine一本雜志，故選D.
（4）B.標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章第一段Researchers studied data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey， organised by the Center for Disease Control （CDC） in the United States and looked at the relationship between coupe of coffee drunk per day， and both total body fat percentage and abdominal or ‘trunk' fat.（研究人員研究了由美國(guó)疾病控制中心組織的全國(guó)健康和營(yíng)養(yǎng)檢查調(diào)查的數(shù)據(jù)，研究了每天喝幾杯咖啡與身體脂肪百分比和腹部或軀干脂肪之間的關(guān)系）結(jié)合主要說(shuō)明了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，每天喝兩到三杯咖啡的所有年齡段女性的平均體脂率要低2.8%，無(wú)論喝的咖啡是含咖啡因還是不含咖啡因，無(wú)論是吸煙者還是不吸煙者，還是患有慢性疾病的人，與健康狀況良好的人相比，研究結(jié)果都是一致的。但是這一影響對(duì)男性來(lái)說(shuō)相對(duì)較小?？芍?，B選項(xiàng)"咖啡與較低的體脂有關(guān)"最符合文章標(biāo)題，故選B.
Passage 7．（2020?高密市模擬）
Playing tennis regularly could help keep people off death， but football， rugby and running may not help people to live longer， a study suggests．
A study followed more than 80，000 people for an average of nine years to find out if certain sports protected them against early death． It found that people who played racket sports regularly were the least likely to die over the study period， reducing their individual risk by 47 percent compared with people who did no exercise． Swimmers also reduced their chance of death by 28 percent， aerobics （有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)） fans by 27 percent and cyclists by 15 percent． Yet running appeared to have no impact at all on dying early， and neither did playing football or rugby．
Scientists say the difference may lie in the social aspect which goes alongside sports like tennis and squash （壁球）， which often involve clubs and organized activities outside of the game． It means that people often have larger social net﹣works and tend to keep up activities into later life， both of which are proven to be good for health．
In contrast， people who play team sports often do not move onto a new sport once their teams break up for family， or injury reasons． They become watchers rather than participants in their chosen activity．
The researchers found that playing racket sports was associated with a 56 percent lower risk from heart death． Similarly， swimmers lowered their heart disease or stroke risk by 41 percent， and people who took part in activities like aerobics， dance or gymnastics lowered their risk by 36 percent． But again running， football and rugby had no significant impact on heart deaths．
However， other experts argue that this study must not be misinterpreted as showing that running and football do not protect against heart disease． In this study both runners and footballers had a lower rate of death from heart disease．
（1）Which sport has hardly any impact on protecting people against early death？　　
A． Cycling． B． Swimming． C． Rugby． D． Tennis．
（2）According to the study， which makes a big difference in keeping healthy？　　
A． Playing basketball with their friends occasionally． B． Watching football games every day．
C． Taking up gymnastics and joining a club． D． Doing running in the park every day．
（3）What is considered more important to people's health？　　
A． Social networks．B． Staying at home．C． Physical examinations．D． Setting up families．
（4）What is the main idea of the text？　　
A． Thousands of people participated in a 9﹣year research．
B． Study finds playing tennis helps people live longer．
C． It is wrong to say running has no impact on heart disease．
D． There are differences between racket sports and team games．
【考點(diǎn)】健康環(huán)保類閱讀；說(shuō)明文閱讀．菁優(yōu)網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有
【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了一項(xiàng)研究表明，經(jīng)常打網(wǎng)球可以幫助人們避免死亡，但踢足球、打橄欖球和跑步可能無(wú)法幫助人們長(zhǎng)壽。文章說(shuō)明了研究過(guò)程，以及研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)，從事球拍類運(yùn)動(dòng)可使心臟死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低56%，其他專家對(duì)此有不同的看法。
【解答】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Playing tennis regularly could help keep people off death， but football， rugby and running may not help people to live longer， a study suggests.經(jīng)常打網(wǎng)球可以幫助人們避免死亡，但踢足球、打橄欖球和跑步可能無(wú)法幫助人們長(zhǎng)壽。由此可知，橄欖球無(wú)法幫助人們長(zhǎng)壽。故選C.
（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Scientists say the difference may lie in the social aspect which goes alongside sports like tennis and squash， which often involve clubs and organized activities outside of the game. It means that people often have larger social net﹣works and tend to keep up activities into later life， both of which are proven to be good for health.科學(xué)家們說(shuō)，區(qū)別可能在于社交方面，它和網(wǎng)球、壁球等運(yùn)動(dòng)一樣，經(jīng)常涉及俱樂(lè)部和有組織的運(yùn)動(dòng)之外的活動(dòng)。這意味著人們通常有更大的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)，并傾向于在以后的生活中保持活動(dòng)，這兩者都被證明對(duì)健康有好處。對(duì)比選項(xiàng)可知，根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究，從事體操并加入一個(gè)俱樂(lè)部對(duì)保持健康有很大的影響。故選C.
（3）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中It means that people often have larger social net﹣works and tend to keep up activities into later life， both of which are proven to be good for health.這意味著人們通常有更大的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)，并傾向于在以后的生活中保持活動(dòng)，這兩者都被證明對(duì)健康有好處。由此可知，社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)人們的健康更重要。故選A.
（4）B.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中Playing tennis regularly could help keep people off death， but football， rugby and running may not help people to live longer， a study suggests.經(jīng)常打網(wǎng)球可以幫助人們避免死亡，但踢足球、打橄欖球和跑步可能無(wú)法幫助人們長(zhǎng)壽。結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了一項(xiàng)研究表明，經(jīng)常打網(wǎng)球可以幫助人們避免死亡，但踢足球、打橄欖球和跑步可能無(wú)法幫助人們長(zhǎng)壽。文章說(shuō)明了研究過(guò)程，以及研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)打網(wǎng)球能使人長(zhǎng)壽。故選B.
Passage 8．（2020?黑龍江模擬）
Food blogs， celebrities， and nutritionists all advocate the benefits of eating organic（有機(jī)的）fruits and vegetables. But a new study published in Science Advances paints a more complex picture. While perhaps organic produce is slightly healthier to eat and， in some ways， more sustainable to grow， there are also downsides.
Organic fruits and vegetables typically cost more than conventional ones. To get a certificate as organic， farmers must meet specific criteria， including growing produce without the use of genetic engineering and chemical inputs. Without these methods， the growing process typically requires more labor， time， and money， a cost that is passed down to consumers.
It's true that in many ways， organic farming is more sustainable than conventional farming. But when it comes to environmental concerns such as greenhouse gas output and water loss， the comparison gets complex. Organic farms produce less greenhouse gas output per acre. However， because they are banned from using genetic engineering， pesticides（殺蟲劑）， and other methods that increase efficiency， organic farms also produce an estimated 19% to 25% less yield than conventional farms. While there isn't a whole lot research on the topic， the few studies that do exist suggest green gas output and water loss might actually be higher on organic farms， on a per unit basis， says study author Verena Seurfert.
In addition， while organic produce is likely more nutritious than conventional fruits and vegetables， there's not a lot of evidence to support the claim that these often slight differences influence consumer health. The same is true for pesticide remainder（殘留）. In developed countries， where pesticide use is tightly regulated， there's no scientific consensus on how these often slight differences influence human health.
Still， Seurfert stresses that if you can afford to eat organic， you should do so. Organic farms provide safer working environments for workers， plus they support great biodiversity. The real takeaway from her study is not that organic is bad but that the practice needs more studies to increase yield without lowering sustainability.
But if you can't afford to buy organic produce， don't stress too much， particularly from a nutritional perspective.
（1）What does the underlined word "downsides" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean？　　
A. Dangers. B. Drawbacks. C. Benefits. D. Differences.
（2）Which key factor makes it hard to compare organic farming and conventional farming when it comes to environmental concerns？　　
A. The yield. B. The price. C. The water loss. D. The labor.
（3）Which of the following will the study author most probably agree with？　　
A. Farmers' working environment should be improved. B. Organic produce should be made more efficiently.
C. It isn't wise for consumers to buy organic produce. D. Pesticide remainder does great harm to people's health.
（4）In Seurfert's opinion， why should we support organic produce？　　
A. It's of greater benefit to health. B. It's more nutritious.
C. It helps keep the variety of plants. D. It's safer for consumers.
【考點(diǎn)】健康環(huán)保類閱讀；說(shuō)明文閱讀．菁優(yōu)網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有
【分析】本文是一篇健康環(huán)保類閱讀，文章主要介紹了有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)和無(wú)機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)。
【解答】（1）B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Whileorganicproduceislikelyslightlyhealthiertoeatand， insomeways， moresustainabletogrow， therearealso downsides."雖然有機(jī)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品吃起來(lái)可能更健康一些，在某些方面也更適合種植，但也有不利的一面?？芍?downsides"意為"缺點(diǎn)"。A. Dangers危險(xiǎn)；B. Drawbacks缺點(diǎn)；C. Benefits好處；D. Differences差異。故選B．
（2）A．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段"organicfarmsalsoproduceanestimated 19% to 25% lessyieldthanconventionalfarms據(jù)估計(jì)，有機(jī)農(nóng)場(chǎng)的產(chǎn)量也比傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)場(chǎng)低19%到25%"．可知在環(huán)境問(wèn)題上，收益率使得有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)和傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)難以進(jìn)行比較。故選A．
（3）B．觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第五段" Therealtakeawayfromherstudyisnotthatorganicisbadbutthatthepracticeneedsmorestudytoincreaseyieldwithoutloweringsustainability.她的研究得出的真正結(jié)論不是有機(jī)食品不好，而是需要更多的研究才能在不降低可持續(xù)性的情況下提高產(chǎn)量"可知，作者最可能同意應(yīng)該更有效地生產(chǎn)有機(jī)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。故選B．
（4）C．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段"plustheysupportgreatbiodiversity此外，它們支持巨大的生物多樣性"．可知在作者看來(lái)，我們支持有機(jī)產(chǎn)品是因?yàn)橛兄诒３种参锏亩鄻有?。故選C．
Passage 9．（2020?天津二模）
The Gatais used to frown when they received power bills that routinely topped ＄200. Last September the couple moved into a 1，500﹣square﹣foot home in Premier Gardens，a subdivision of 95 "zero﹣energy homes"（ZEH）just outside town. Now they're actually eager to see their electricity bills. The grand total over the 10 months they've lived in the three﹣bedroom house：＄75. for the past two months they haven't paid a cent.
ZEH communities are the leading edge of technologies that might someday create houses that produce as much energy as they consume. Premier Gardens is one of a half﹣dozen subdivisions in California in California where every home cuts power consumption by 50%，mostly by using low﹣power appliances and solar panels.
Aside from the panels on the roof，Premier Gardens looks like a community of conventional homes. But inside，special windows cut power bills by blocking solar heat in summer and retaining indoor warmth in winter.
The rest of energy saving comes form the solar units. They don't just feed the home they serve. If they generate more power than the home is using，the excess flower into the utility's power grid ____. The residents are billed by "net metering"：they pay for the amount of power they tap off the grid，less the kilowatts（千瓦） they feed into it. If a home generate more power than it uses， the bill is zero.
That sounds like a bad deal for the power company，but it's not. Solar homes produce the most power on the hot sunny afternoons when everyone rushes home to turn up the air conditioner. "It helps us lower usage at peak power times." says solar expert Mike Keesee. "That lets us avoid building costly plants or buying expensive power at peak usage time."
What's not to like？ Mostly the costs. The special features can add ＄25，000 or more to the purchase price of a house. Tax breaks bring the cost down，especially in California，but in many states ZEHs can be prohibitively expensive. For the consumer，it's a matter of paying now for the hardware to save later on the utilities.
（1）Why are the Gatais eager to see their electricity bills now？　　
A.They want to see how much they have saved. B.The want to cut down their utility expenses.
C.They want to know if they are able to pay. D.They want to avoid being overcharged.
（2）What is special about the ZEH communities？　　
A.They have created cutting﹣edge technologies. B.They aim to produce enough power themselves.
C.They are subdivided into half a dozen sections. D.They are built in harmony with the environment.
（3）How are the residents in the ZEH communities billed for electricity use？　　
A.They are only charged for the amount of power they consume on rainy days.
B.They needn't pay a single cent for their power consumption on sunny days.
C.They only pay for the excess power that flows into the utility's power grid.
D.They pay for the electricity form the grid less their home﹣generated power.
（4）What does the "net metering" practice mean to the power company？　　
A.More pressure at peak time. B.Less profits in the short term.
C.Increased electricity output. D.Reduced operational costs.
（5）The author believes that buying a house in a ZEH community　　.
A.is but a dream for average consumers B.gives the owner substantial tax benefits
C.is a worthy investment in the long run D.contributes to environmental protection
【考點(diǎn)】健康環(huán)保類閱讀；說(shuō)明文閱讀．菁優(yōu)網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有
【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了ZEH社區(qū)是技術(shù)的前沿，也許有一天會(huì)創(chuàng)造出與消耗一樣多的能源的房屋。
【解答】（1）A. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"The Gatais used to frown when they received power bills that routinely topped ＄200. Last September the couple moved into a 1，500﹣square﹣foot home in Premier Gardens，a subdivision of 95 "zero﹣energy homes"（ZEH）just outside town. Now they're actually eager to see their electricity bills. The grand total over the 10 months they've lived in the three﹣bedroom house：＄75. for the past two months they haven't paid a cent.加泰人過(guò)去收到的電費(fèi)賬單通常超過(guò)200英鎊時(shí)，他們會(huì)皺起眉頭。去年9月，這對(duì)夫婦搬進(jìn)了位于普里米爾花園（Premier Gardens）的1500平方英尺的住宅，這是一個(gè)位于城外95個(gè)"零能源住宅"（ZEH）的分區(qū)。現(xiàn)在他們真的很想看看電費(fèi)單。他們?cè)谶@座三居室的房子里住了10個(gè)月，總共75英鎊。過(guò)去兩個(gè)月他們一分錢都沒付。"可知加泰人現(xiàn)在急于要看他們的電費(fèi)單是他們想看看自己省了多少錢。故選A.
（2）B. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段"ZEH communities are the leading edge of technologies that might someday create houses that produce as much energy as they consume. ZEH社區(qū)是技術(shù)的前沿，也許有一天會(huì)創(chuàng)造出與消耗一樣多的能源的房屋。"可知ZEH社區(qū)的特別之處是他們的目標(biāo)是自己產(chǎn)生足夠的電力。故選B.
（3）D. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"The residents are billed by "net metering"：they pay for the amount of power they tap off the grid，less the kilowatts（千瓦） they feed into it. If a home generate more power than it uses， the bill is zero.居民們按"凈計(jì)量"計(jì)費(fèi)：他們支付的是他們從電網(wǎng)接入的電量，減去他們輸入電網(wǎng)的千瓦數(shù)。如果一個(gè)家庭的發(fā)電量超過(guò)了它的使用量，那么這個(gè)賬單就是零。"可知他們支付的電力來(lái)自電網(wǎng)減去他們的家庭發(fā)電。故選D.
（4）D. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"That sounds like a bad deal for the power company，but it's not. Solar homes produce the most power on the hot sunny afternoons when everyone rushes home to turn up the air conditioner. "It helps us lower usage at peak power times." says solar expert Mike Keesee. "That lets us avoid building costly plants or buying expensive power at peak usage time."這聽起來(lái)對(duì)電力公司來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)糟糕的交易，但事實(shí)并非如此。在陽(yáng)光明媚的下午，當(dāng)每個(gè)人都趕回家打開空調(diào)時(shí)，太陽(yáng)能家庭的發(fā)電量最大。"太陽(yáng)能專家邁克?基西說(shuō)："它有助于我們?cè)谟秒姼叻迤诮档陀秒娏俊?這樣我們就可以避免在用電高峰期建造昂貴的電廠或購(gòu)買昂貴的電力。"可知"凈計(jì)量"對(duì)電力公司意味著降低運(yùn)營(yíng)成本。故選D.
（5）C. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"What's not to like？ Mostly the costs. The special features can add ＄25，000 or more to the purchase price of a house. Tax breaks bring the cost down，especially in California，but in many states ZEHs can be prohibitively expensive. For the consumer，it's a matter of paying now for the hardware to save later on the utilities.這些特殊功能可以使房屋的購(gòu)買價(jià)格增加2.5萬(wàn)英鎊或更多。減稅可以降低成本，尤其是在加利福尼亞州，但是在許多州，zeh的成本可能高得讓人望而卻步。對(duì)消費(fèi)者來(lái)說(shuō)，現(xiàn)在就要花錢買硬件，以節(jié)省日后的公用事業(yè)費(fèi)用。"可推知筆者認(rèn)為，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，在澤赫社區(qū)買房是值得投資的。故選C.
Passage 10．（2020?鹽城模擬）
There are many reasons why people can't get a good night's sleep and as with any other health conditions， things are not likely to improve until you find a way to break the cycle．
These are some of the main factors that need to be addressed．
Worry and stress
We have all been kept awake by many factors that cause worry and stress in our lives． Money problems， relationship issues and work stresses can have you sitting up all night． A useful habit is to download your thoughts at the end of the day． Keep a pen and paper next to your bed and before you go to sleep， write down your thought and worries， create a to﹣do list for the following day or set down solutions and ideas that relate to work．
Diet and eating patterns
What and when you eat can have a major impact on your ability to sleep． Eating too late or indulging in a rich or spicy meal can keep you awake． These foods take a long while to digest and the after effects of indigestion and heartburn are not going to set you up well for a good quality sleep．
A research suggests that both calcium and magnesium may be linked to poor sleep． Even low intakes of magnesium found in green vegetables， beans， nuts and seeds have been shown to make it harder to stay asleep． Calcium is found in dairy foods， soybeans and green vegetables and low levels have also been shown to make it more difficult to nod off．
Alcohol and caffeine
Tea， coffee and energy drinks contain caffeine that helps to stimulate the nervous system and make you more alert， which is great if you need a pick﹣me﹣up． Dosing up on caffeine during the day can affect your ability to sleep later on in the evening． Try limiting your intake of caffeine to the morning and switch to decaffeinated options such as herbal teas． Alcohol is a double﹣edged sword when it comes to sleep． While a little may help to induce slumber， even in small amounts it can cause fragmented sleep patterns．
Bedroom environment
"Your bedroom should be dark once the lights are switched off because melatonin， a sleep﹣regulating hormone， is very light﹣sensitive． Maintaining the right temperature can also help with sleep as a room that is too hot may prevent your core temperature from going down， which is essential for switching on the sleep mechanism within the body．
（1）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？　　
A． Melatonin is a chemical in our bodies that disturbs our sleep．
B． The lower the temperature is， the easier you will find it to sleep．
C． Drinking a little coffee in the morning may not affect your sleep at night．
D． You should eat more vegetables and wholegrains for supper to get a better sleep．
（2）The passage can be found in the column of　　 in a newspaper．
A． Science B． Health C． Fashion D． Education
【考點(diǎn)】健康環(huán)保類閱讀；說(shuō)明文閱讀．菁優(yōu)網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有
【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了一些會(huì)影響人們睡眠的因素。
【解答】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"Try limiting your intake of caffeine to the morning"可知作者建議我們限制咖啡的攝入量，并且把時(shí)間改在早晨，也就是說(shuō)早晨喝少量的咖啡不會(huì)影響晚上的休息。故選C.
（2）B.文章出處題. 文章中分析了影響人們睡眠質(zhì)量的四個(gè)原因，并提出了相應(yīng)的解決方法。睡眠屬于健康方面的話題，所以這一內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是在報(bào)紙上的健康專欄。A． Science科學(xué)；B． Health健康；C． Fashion時(shí)尚；D． Education教育。故選B。

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