知識點 1 語態(tài)的種類 動詞的語態(tài)可分為主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。當(dāng)主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時，動詞用主動語態(tài)；當(dāng)主語是動作的承受者時，動詞用被動語態(tài)。
知識點 2 常用的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu) 1. 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：主語+ am/ is/ are +動詞過去分詞。 2. 一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：主語+ was/ were +動詞過去分詞。 3. 一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：shall/ will + be +動詞過去分詞。 4. 含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：主語+情態(tài)動詞+be+動詞過去分詞。
注意： （1）當(dāng)帶雙賓語的主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳鋾r，如果直接賓語作主語，則間接賓語前必須加介詞 t 或 fr。 （2）感官動詞和使役動詞在主動句中作謂語時，其賓語補足語不能帶 t，但當(dāng)變?yōu)楸粍泳鋾r，必須加上 t。此類動詞有have，make，hear，see，watch，feel，ntice，let等。 （3）當(dāng)動詞短語變成被動語態(tài)時，其中的介詞或副詞不能漏掉。
·常見錯誤分析· 1. 有些動詞構(gòu)成的句子不能改為被動句，如 becme，die，cst 等；有些動詞短語也不能改成被動句，如 take place，lk like，agree with 等。 2. 動詞短語改為被動語態(tài)后，漏掉了介詞或副詞，或動詞與介詞和副詞拆開。
一、單項選擇1. —Have yu heard the news abut the 2020 Olympic Games? —Yes. Maybe it ______ next year if everything ges well. A. be held B. was held C. is held D. will be held2. In 1958, pinyin ______ by Chinese linguist(語言學(xué)家) Zhu Yuguang and his team. A. designs B. designed C. is designed D. was designed3. —What’s wrng with Dale? —He ______ with the thers in his class just nw. He’s nt happy abut that. A. is cmpared B. was cmpared C. cmpares D. cmpared
4. The theatre ______ t celebrate the art festival last mnth. A. decrated B. is decrated C. was decrated D. has decrated5. As sn as bks ______, the vlunteers will pst them t the students in Hpe Primary Schl. A. are raised B. were raised C. raised D. have raised6. The bush fires in Australia ______ after a few mnths, leaving millins f animals dead. A. were run ut B. run ut C. were put ut D. put ut7. Basketball ______ in 1891. Then in 1936 in Berlin，it became an event at the Olympics. A. plays B. is played C. was played D. played
8. Yu ______ lunch at schl. S yu dn’t have t bring yur wn fd. A. give B. will give C. are given D. have given9. It is said that Yancheng-Nantng High-speed Railway ______ in December, 2020. A. cmplete B. is cmpleted C. was cmpleted D. will be cmpleted10. —The 2022 Winter Olympic Games ______ in Beijing. —What gd news! I can’t wait t watch it. A. hld B. will hld C. were held D. will be held11. —A new airprt will be built in Tantu, Lnghui. —Gd news! But a lt f gd farmland ______. A. will waste B. may be wasted C. has wasted D. is wasted
12. With the develpment f China, Chinese ______ by mre and mre peple in the wrld. A. speaks B. is spken C. speak D. is speaking13. Train tickets ______ nline. It is cnvenient. A. sld B. were sld C. are sld D. have sld14. The kite ______ in China mre than 2000 years ag. A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented15. —Why have I never seen this kind f 5G mbile phne? —Because it ______ by HW last week. A. was prduced B. wuld prduce C. have prduced D. was prducing
16. —Oh, yur rm is t dirty, Mike! —Srry, Mum. It ______ yesterday. I frgt t d it. A. didn’t clean B. isn’t cleaned C. was cleaned D. wasn’t cleaned17. —Lucy, what have yu learnt frm this histry class? —Paper ______ first ______ abut 2000 years ag in China. A. is; invented B. was; invented C. is; inventing D. was; inventing18. —Dr Bethune helped a lt f Chinese in the 1930s. He is a great internatinal sldier. —I knw, s he ______ still ______ in bth China and Canada nw. A. has; remembered B. is; remembered C. will; remember D. is; remembering
19. Yur hmewrk must be ______ this mrning, r yu can’t hand it in n time. A. finish B. finished C. finishes D. finishing20. I think e-bks will ______ mre than paper bks in the future. A. use B. be used C. used D. uses
二、詞形變換根據(jù)句意，用括號中所給單詞的正確形式填空。1. Anther bridge ver the Jialing River was ________(build) last year.2. As the mst exciting and traditinal way t shp, street markets are ________(find) here and there in China these days.3. She was ________(serve) in the kitchen when the light went ut.4. Make sure the dr is ________(lck) when yu leave the rm.5. All the members are ________(require) t attend the meeting.
In Chinese culture，children brn in the year f the Mnkey ______ tbe smart.A. say B. said C. will be said D. are said
分析與解答 此題考查一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。句意為“在中國文化中，人們認(rèn)為猴年出生的孩子很聰明”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語children與say是被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)上下文可知用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“be+動詞過去分詞”。
His car ______ five years ag, but it lks quite new.A. buys B. bught C. is bught D. was bught
分析與解答 此題考查一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。句意為“他的車是五年前買的，但它看起來還很新”。his car和buy是被動關(guān)系，且由five years ag可知句子應(yīng)用過去時態(tài)。
It’s reprted that the medals fr the 2020 Olympic Games in Tky ______frm 100% recycled material.A. are making B. have made C. is made D. will be made
分析與解答 此題考查動詞的語態(tài)。句意為“據(jù)報道，2020年東京奧運會的獎牌將以100%的再生材料制成”。medals和make是被動關(guān)系，且由句意可知，時態(tài)用一般將來時，故will be made符合句意。
知識點 2 常用的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)
小試牛刀1. The envirnment in my hme twn is imprving because many trees ______ every year. A. plant B. planted C. are planted D. plants2. These cakes ______ with chclate. Have ne, please. A. fill B. filled C. are filled D. were filled
小試牛刀1. Gina went t the dctr’s yesterday and she ______ abut the imprtance f gd living habits nce mre. A. tld B. is tld C. was tld D. has tld2. These machines ______ in their factry by themselves last year. A. make B. made C. are made D. were made

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