英語(yǔ)必修1&2必修1Unit 1 Friendship教學(xué)課件ppt-課件下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

Section ⅡLearning about Language She found it difficult to settle and calm down in thehiding place, because she was concerned about whether theywould be discovered.她發(fā)現(xiàn)很難在躲藏處安頓和平靜下來(lái)，因?yàn)樗軗?dān)心他們是否會(huì)被發(fā)現(xiàn)。 1．settle點(diǎn)撥(1)vi.安家；定居；停留Finally Karl Marx settled in London.最后卡爾·馬克思在倫敦定居下來(lái)。(2)vt.使定居；安排；解決We weren't able to settle the problem by ourselves.我們沒(méi)法自己解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。拓展運(yùn)用settle down 定居下來(lái)；安下心來(lái)用 settle 及其構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空①These problems are impossible to ______________.②His job is just to help new foreign students ____________.settle settle down She suffered from loneliness, but she had to learn tolike it there.她飽受孤獨(dú)之苦，但在那里她不得不學(xué)會(huì)喜歡它。 2．suffer點(diǎn)撥(1)vt.遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷(其賓語(yǔ)常為痛苦、損害或不愉快的事等) Many great men had suffered poverty. 許多偉人都經(jīng)歷過(guò)貧窮。 (2)vi.受苦；患病；受損失 He is still suffering after taking medicine. 吃過(guò)藥后，他依然感覺(jué)難受。拓展運(yùn)用suffer from (尤指長(zhǎng)期或經(jīng)常性地)遭受；患病用 suffer 及其構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①He ________________ terribly when his mother died. ②He ________________ several failures at the beginning ofhis senior school. ③When I was in my childhood, I always ________________bad colds. ④His business _______________ a lot during the war.suffered suffered suffered from suffered “I've got tired of looking at nature through dirtycurtains and dusty windows，” Anne said to her father.安妮對(duì)父親說(shuō)：“我已經(jīng)厭倦了透過(guò)骯臟的窗簾和滿(mǎn)是塵土的窗戶(hù)去看大自然?！?3．get/be tired of 對(duì)……厭煩(后接名詞、動(dòng)名詞等)典例She is/gets tired of his rude manners.她厭煩他的粗魯行徑。運(yùn)用完成句子 Most people ________________ ( 厭煩做 ) the same thingevery day.get/are tired of doing 運(yùn)用用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1 ． This war caused widespread human ___________.About13,000 people ___________ from poverty, starvation ( 饑餓 ) andillness.(suffer) 2 ． The doctors said that he was badly ill and unlikely to___________.However, under his wife's good care, he has made aremarkable ___________.(recover) 3．Hundreds of years ago, many people _________ at the footof the mountain and built their own village.Now it has become a______________ for __________ from all over the country.(settle)suffering sufferedrecover recovery settled settlement settlers She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hidingplace...她發(fā)現(xiàn)很難在躲藏處安頓和平靜下來(lái)……點(diǎn)撥find＋it＋adj.(＋for sb.)＋to do sth.意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)(某人)做某事怎么樣”。其中 it 作形式賓語(yǔ)，其后的不定式短語(yǔ)為真正的賓語(yǔ)，其中的形容詞作賓補(bǔ)。能用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞還有consider, feel, think, make 等。如： I find it difficult to do the job well. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)做好這項(xiàng)工作不容易。 Don't you consider it wrong to cheat in business? 你不認(rèn)為做生意行騙是不對(duì)的嗎？ Spaceships make it possible to travel to the moon. 宇宙飛船使去月球成為可能。拓展(1)該結(jié)構(gòu)中作賓補(bǔ)的成分除形容詞外，還可以是名詞。如： Do you find it a good idea to put off the meeting? 你覺(jué)得推遲會(huì)議是個(gè)好主意嗎？ (2)該結(jié)構(gòu)中的“it＋adj./n.＋to do”部分可以改寫(xiě)成一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。如： I find it impossible to agree to your plan. →I find (that) it is impossible to agree to your plan. 我無(wú)法同意你的計(jì)劃。運(yùn)用完成句子 ① We ____________________________ ( 發(fā) 現(xiàn) 不正常 ) forhim to wear a coat in such a hot day. ②All of us considered ____________________________ (他是個(gè)有趣的人) after we heard his funny stories.find/found it unusual him an interesting man直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ) (Ⅰ)陳述句和疑問(wèn)句的直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ) 直接引語(yǔ)是直接引述別人的原話(huà)，放在引號(hào)內(nèi)；間接引語(yǔ)是用自己的話(huà)轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話(huà)，常構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句(祈使句可用動(dòng)詞不定式表達(dá))。直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換。學(xué)習(xí)間接引語(yǔ)，要注意三個(gè)問(wèn)題：(1)引導(dǎo)詞；(2)語(yǔ)序(陳述句語(yǔ)序)；(3)時(shí)態(tài)。一、直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句中的人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等的變化規(guī)則1．人稱(chēng)的變化直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，人稱(chēng)的變化遵循這樣的規(guī)則：一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱(chēng)不更新。 “一隨主”是指如果引號(hào)中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第一人稱(chēng)或被第一人稱(chēng)物主代詞所修飾，那改成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)從句中的人稱(chēng)要根據(jù)主句中主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)來(lái)變化。如：She said, “My brother wants to go with me.”→She said her_brother wanted to go with her. “二隨賓”是指若引號(hào)中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第二人稱(chēng)或被第二人稱(chēng)物主代詞所修飾，那改成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)從句中的人稱(chēng)要跟主句的賓語(yǔ)一致。如果主句沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)，也可以用第一人稱(chēng)。如：He said to Kate, “How is your sister now？”→He asked Kate how her sister was then. “第三人稱(chēng)不更新”是指如果引號(hào)中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)或被第三人稱(chēng)物主代詞所修飾，改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)從句中的人稱(chēng)一般不需要變化。如：Mr.Smith said, “Jack is a good worker.”→Mr.Smith said Jack was a good worker.2．時(shí)態(tài)的變化如果原句中主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞按照以下規(guī)則變化：如：Tom said, “We are listening to pop music.”→Tom said that they were listening to pop music.He asked the conductor，“Where shall I get off to change to aNo.3 bus？”→He asked the conductor where he would get off to changeto a No.3 bus.Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework beforeyou watch TV？”→Mother asked me whether I had finished my homeworkbefore I watched TV.注意：如果直接引語(yǔ)講的是客觀(guān)真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。 3．指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和方向動(dòng)詞的變化直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)由“現(xiàn)在”改為“原來(lái)”，地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)(尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代詞修飾的狀語(yǔ))由“此”改為“彼”。具體變化如下表：（續(xù)表）二、陳述句與疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語(yǔ)1．陳述句轉(zhuǎn)述陳述句時(shí)，去掉標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和引號(hào)，用連接詞 that 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句前的 that 可省略，兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞 that 不可省；同時(shí)，從句中對(duì)人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞等作相應(yīng)的變化。如：Shirley says, “I don't want to do homework every day.”→Shirley says (that) she doesn't want to do homework everyday.She said, “My family watched TV yesterday.”→She said (that) her family had watched TV the day before.2．疑問(wèn)句 (1) 一般疑問(wèn)句：轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)，去掉引號(hào)和問(wèn)號(hào)，用連接詞whether/if 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句；同時(shí)注意將原來(lái)倒裝的主謂順序恢復(fù)為陳述語(yǔ)序；還有，從句中要對(duì)人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞等作相應(yīng)的變化。如：My friend asked me, “Do you like English？”→My friend asked me if/whether I liked English. (2)特殊疑問(wèn)句：轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)，去掉引號(hào)和問(wèn)號(hào)，特殊疑問(wèn)詞不變，將原來(lái)倒裝的主謂順序恢復(fù)為陳述語(yǔ)序；同時(shí)，從句中的人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞等要作相應(yīng)的變化。如：Mary asked me, “Who is she？”→Mary asked me who she was.Jimmy asked, “When did you finish reading it？”→Jimmy asked (me) when I had finished reading it.Mike asked, “When will their plane land？”→Mike asked when their plane would land. (3)反意疑問(wèn)句：轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)，去掉引號(hào)和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，常用連接詞 whether/if 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句；同時(shí)，從句中要對(duì)人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞等作相應(yīng)的變化。如： He asked, “You are a native, aren't you？” →He asked (me) whether/if I was a native. (4)選擇疑問(wèn)句：轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)，去掉引號(hào)和問(wèn)號(hào)，常用連接詞whether/if...or...引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句；同時(shí)，從句中要對(duì)人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞等作相應(yīng)的變化。如： He said, “Is this car Mr.Green's or Mr.Brown's？”→Heasked(me) whether that car wasMr.Green'sorMr.Brown's.一、將下面的句子改為間接引語(yǔ)1 ． John said, “I am going to London with my fathertomorrow.”______________________________________________________2．She said, “We have plenty of work to do here.”______________________________________________________3．She said, “This train is pulling in.”______________________________________________________John said that he was going to London with his father the next day.She said that they had plenty of work to do there.She said that that train was pulling in.4．The professor said, “The earth goes around the sun and themoon goes around the earth.”____________________________________________________________________________________________________________The professor said that the earth goes around the sun and that themoon goes around the earth.二、將下列句子改為間接引語(yǔ)1．He said to me, “I wrote to my father yesterday.”→He ______________ me ___________________to his father ___________________.2．The teacher asked, “Are you waiting for the bus？”→The teacher asked ______________________ waiting forthe bus.3．He asked, “Where are you going？”→He asked ____________________________.told he had written the day beforeif/whether we werewhere I was going 4．He asked, “He is a famous writer, isn't he？”→He asked __________________________ a famous writer.5．Lucy asked, “Are you interested in music or dance？”→Lucy asked me ____________________________ in musicor dance.whether/if he waswhether/if I was interested

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