2021年1月浙江省普通高校招生學考：英語卷+答案 (原卷+解析卷+無聽力)-試卷下載-教習網(wǎng)

做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙上。
第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1. 5分，滿分7. 5分）
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. ￡19. 15. B. ￡9. 18. C. ￡9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What did the wman d yesterday?
A. She played ftball.
B. She watched a game.
C She wrked in the lab.
2. What will the weather be like tmrrw evening?
A. Cludy. B. Rainy. C. Windy.
3. What will Jack d this weekend?
A. G n a schl trip.
B. Have a family picnic.
C. Prepare fr an exam.
4. Why des the man make the call?
A. T arrange a meeting.
B. T cancel a visit.
C. T ask fr assistance.
5. Hw des the man feel nw?
A. Refreshed. B. Anxius. C. Sleepy.
第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1. 5分，滿分22. 5分）
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。
6. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Hstess and guest. C. Chef and custmer.
7. What is the man mst likely t have fr dinner?
A. French fries. B. Ham sandwiches. C. Fish and vegetables.
聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。
8. Where will Gerge g after the business trip?
A. Milan. B. Rme. C. Flrence.
9. What is banned in Flrence?
A. Eating in the street.
B. Dressing up as sldiers.
C. Singing n public transprt.
10. What des Gerge think f the new rules?
A They're effective. B. They're timely. C. They're reasnable.
聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。
11. Why des Ms. McDaniel talk t Frank?
A. He missed a speech.
B. He failed t pass a test.
C. He wanted t drp a class.
12. Hw wuld Ms. McDaniel's students react if a speaker made a mistake?
A. laugh at the speaker.
B. Sympathize with the speaker.
C. Persuade the speaker t try again.
13. Hw des Ms. McDaniel sund?
A. Optimistic. B. Humrus. C. Encuraging.
聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。
14. What makes the man surprised?
A. The number f jb applicants.
B. The experience f emplyees.
C. The candidates' language skills.
15. Hw many candidates are the speakers ging t meet?
A. 2. B. 12. C. 20.
16. What d the speakers talk abut at the end f the cnversatin?
A. Jb descriptin.
B. Interview prcedure.
C. Candidates' backgrund.
聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。
17. What did Gall receive yesterday?
A. A call frm her sister.
B. A bttle frm her aunt.
C. A letter frm a stranger.
18. Where did the fisherman find the bttle?
A. On Mnhegan Island.
B. At Cumberland.
C. In Spain.
19. Hw ld was Gall when she threw ut the bttle?
A Fight. B. Eleven. C. Furteen.
20. Where is the bttle nw?
A. In the cean. B. At Gall's hme. C. With the fisherman.
第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）
第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題2. 5分，滿分25分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和ID四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。
A
Mre than 25 years ag, Sar Brierley lived in rural（農(nóng)村）India. One day, he played with his brther alng the rail line and fell asleep. When he wke up and fund himself alne, the 4-year-ld decided his brther might be n the train he saw in frnt f him-s he gt n.
That train tk him a thusand miles acrss the cuntry t a ttally strange city. He lived n the streets, and then in an rphanage（孤兒院）. There, he was adpted by an Australian family and flwn t Tasmania.
As he writes in his new bk, A Lng Way Hme, Brierley culdn't help but wnder abut his hmetwn back in India. He remembered landmarks, but since he didn't knw his twn's name, finding a small neighbrhd in a vast cuntry prved t be impssible.
Then he fund a digital mapping prgram. He spent years searching fr his hmetwn in the prgram's satellite pictures. In 2011, he came acrss smething familiar. He studied it and realized he was lking at a twn's central business district frm a bird's-eye view. He thught, “On the right-hand side yu shuld see the three-platfrm train statin”—and there it was. "And n the left-hand side yu shuld see a big funtain"-and there it was. Everything just started t match.
When he std in frnt f the huse where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing in the entrance. "There's smething abut me, " he thught—and it tk him a few secnds but he finally remembered what she used t lk like.
In an interview Brierley says, "My mther lked s much shrter than I remembered. But she came frth and walked frward, and I walked frward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, yu knw, it was like a nuclear fusin（核聚變）. I just didn't knw what t say, because I never thught seeing my mther wuld ever cme true. And here I am, standing in frnt f her. ”
1. Why was Brierley separated frm his family abut 25 years ag?
A. He gt n a train by mistake.
B. He gt lst while playing in the street.
C. He was taken away by a freigner.
D. He was adpted by an Australian family.
2. Hw did Brierley find his hmetwn?
A. By analyzing ld pictures.
B. By travelling all arund India.
C. By studying digital maps
D. By spreading his stry via his bk.
3. What des Brierley mainly talk abut in the interview?
A. His lve fr his mther.
B. His reunin with his mther.
C. His lng way back hme.
D. His memry f his hmetwn.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了布爾利小時候意外走失，長大后通過自己努力找回家人的故事。
【1題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“When he wke up and fund himself alne: the 4-year-ld decided his brther might be n the train he saw in frnt f him-s he gt n.(當他醒來發(fā)現(xiàn)自己一個人時：4歲的孩子判斷他哥哥可能在他前面看到的火車上，所以他上了車)”以及第二段中“That train tk him a thusand miles acrss the cuntry t a ttally strange city.(那列火車把他帶到了一個千里迢迢之外的陌生城市）”可知，布爾利在25年前和家人分開是因為他誤上了火車。故選A項。
【2題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。通過文章第四段“Then he fund a digital mapping prgram. He spent years searching fr his hmetwn in the prgram’s satellite pictures.(然后他找到了一個數(shù)字地圖程序。他花了數(shù)年時間在該節(jié)目的衛(wèi)星圖片中尋找家鄉(xiāng))”以及“Everything just started t match.(一切都開始匹配了）”可知，布爾利是通過研究數(shù)字地圖找到家鄉(xiāng)的。故選C項。
【3題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。通過文章最后一段“In an interview Brierley says: “My mther lked s much shrter than I remembered. But she came frth and walked frward, and I walked frward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, yu knw: it was like nuclear fusin（核聚變）. just didn’t knw what t say: because I never thught seeing my mther wuld ever cme true. And here I am, standing in frnt f her.(在一次采訪中，布爾利說：“我媽媽看起來比我記憶中矮多了。但是她走了出來，朝我走來，我也向著她走去，我的感情、眼淚和大腦里的化學物質(zhì)，你知道的：就像發(fā)生了核聚變。只是不知道該說些什么：因為我從沒想過見到我母親會成為現(xiàn)實。我就在這里，站在她面前。)”可知，作者在采訪中講述了他和母親的團聚。故選B項。
B
At the start f the 20th century, an American engineer named Jhn Elfreth Watkins made predictins abut life tday. His predictins abut slwing ppulatin grwth, mbile phnes and increasing height were clse t the mark. But he was wrng in ne predictin: that everybdy wuld walk 10 miles a day.
Tday, in Australia, mst children n average fall 2, 000 steps shrt f the physical activity they need t avid being verweight. In the early 1970s, 40 per cent f children walked t schl, while in 2010, it was as lw as 15 per cent.
The decline is nt because we have all becme lazy. Families are pressed fr time, many with bth parents wrking t pay fr their huse, ften wrking hurs nt f their chsing, living in car-dependent neighbrhds with limited public transprt.
The ther side f the cin is equally a deprivatin: fr health and well-being, as well as lst pprtunities（機會）fr children t get t knw their lcal surrundings. And fr parents there are lst pprtunities t walk and talk with their yung schlar abut their day.
Mst parents will have eagerly asked their child abut their day, nly t meet with a “gd”, quickly fllwed by "I'm hungry". This is als my experience as a mther. But smewhere ver the daily walk mre abut my sn's day cmes ut. I hear him making sense f friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental pprtunity t hear mre.
Many primary schls supprt walking schl-bus rutes（路線）, with days f regular, parent-accmpanied walks. Ding just ne f these a few times a week is better than nthing. It can be tugh t begin and takes a little planning-running shes by the frnt dr, lunches made the night befre, umbrellas n rainy days and hats n ht nes-but it's certainly wrth trying.
4. Why des the authr mentin Watkins' predictins in the first paragraph?
A. T make cmparisns.B. T intrduce the tpic.
C. T supprt her argument.D. T prvide examples.
5. What has caused the decrease in Australian children's physical activity?
A. Plain laziness.B. Health prblems.
C. Lack f time.D. Security cncerns.
6. Why des the authr find walking with her sn wrthwhile?
A. She can get relaxed after wrk.B. She can keep physically fit.
C. She can help with her sn's study.D. She can knw her sn better.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。文章通過否定沃特金斯的預言，進而提出現(xiàn)在人們時間的緊缺和陪伴的重要性。
【4題詳解】
推理判斷題。通過文章第二段“Tday: in Australia: mst children n average fall 2: 000 steps shrt f the physical activity they need t avid being verweight. In the early 1970s, 40 percent f children walked t schl while in 2010, it was as lw as15 percent.(今天：在澳大利亞：大多數(shù)孩子平均比避免超重所需的體力活動少了2000步。在上世紀70年代初，40%的孩子步行上學，而在2010年，這一比例降至15%)”說明作者根據(jù)沃特金斯的預言做了相關(guān)調(diào)查，并且寫下了這篇文章。通讀全文得知作者在第一段提到沃特金斯的預言，是為了介紹文章主題。故選B項。
【5題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。通過文章第三段中“Families are pressed fr time: many with bth parents wrking t pay fr their huse, ften wrking hurs nt f their chsing, living in car-dependent neighbrhds with limited public transprt.(家庭時間緊迫：許多家庭的父母都在為房子買單而工作，工作時間往往不是他們自己選擇的，他們住在公共交通有限的依賴汽車的社區(qū))”可知，導致澳大利亞兒童體育活動的減少的原因是時間不夠。故選C項。
【6題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。通過文章倒數(shù)第二段中“But smewhere ver the daily walk mre abut my sn’s day cmes ut. I hear him making sense f friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental pprtunity t hear mre.(但是，在每天散步的某個地方，更多關(guān)于我兒子日常的事情出現(xiàn)了。我聽到他在理解友誼及其局限性。這是一個意想不到的難得的機會，家長聽到更多)”說明作者覺得和兒子一起散步能讓她更了解她的兒子。故選D項。
C
Researchers say they have translated the meaning f gestures that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩) use t cmmunicate. They say wild chimps cmmunicate 19 specific messages t ne anther with a "vcabulary" f 66 gestures. The scientists discvered this by fllwing and filming grups f chimps in Uganda, and examining mre than 5,000 incidents f these meaningful exchanges.
Dr Catherine Hbaiter, wh led the research, said that this was the nly frm f intentinal cmmunicatin t be recrded in the animal kingdm. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system f cmmunicatin where they deliberately sent a message t anther grup member.
"That's what's s amazing abut chimp gestures," she said. "They're the nly thing that lks like human language in that respect. ”
Althugh previus research has shwn that apes and mnkeys can understand cmplex infrmatin frm anther animal's call, the animals d nt appear t use their vices intentinally t cmmunicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hbaiter said.
Chimps will check t see if they have the attentin f the animal with which they wish t cmmunicate. In ne case, a mther presents her ft t her crying baby, signaling:" Climb n me. " The yungster immediately jumps n t its mthers back and they travel ff tgether. "The big message frm this study is that there is anther species (物種) ut there. that is meaningful in its cmmunicatin, s that's nt unique t humans," said Dr Hbaiter.
Dr Susanne Shultz, an evlutinary bilgist frm the University f Manchester, said the study was praisewrthy in seeking t enrich ur knwledge f the evlutin f human language. But, she added, the results were "a little disappinting".
"The vagueness f the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little t cmmunicate, r we are still missing a lt f the infrmatin cntained in their gestures and actins," she said. "Mrever, the meanings seem t nt g beynd what ther animal cnvey with nn-verbal cmmunicatin. S, it seems the gulf remains. "
7. What d chimps and humans have in cmmn accrding t Dr Hbaiter?
A. Memrizing specific wrds.B. Understanding cmplex infrmatin.
C. Using vices t cmmunicate.D. Cmmunicating messages n purpse.
8. What did Dr Shultz think f the study?
A. It was well designed but prly cnducted.
B. It was a gd try but the findings were limited.
C. It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.
D. It was a failure but the methds deserved praise.
9. What des the underlined wrd "gulf" in the last paragraph mean?
A. Difference.B. Cnflict.C. Balance.D. Cnnectin.
10. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Chimpanzee behaviur study achieved a breakthrugh
B. Chimpanzees develped specific cmmunicatin skills
C. Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdm
D. Chimpanzee language: cmmunicatin gestures translated
【答案】7. D 8. B 9. A 10. D
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了科學家們通過跟蹤和拍攝烏干達的黑猩猩群，翻譯出了黑猩猩用來交流的手勢含義。
【7題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system f cmmunicatin where they deliberately sent a message t anther grup member.（她說，只有人類和黑猩猩有一個交流系統(tǒng)，他們故意向其他成員發(fā)送信息）”可知，根據(jù)Dr Hbaiter，黑猩猩和人類的共同點在于故意傳遞信息，故選D。
【8題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中的“Dr Susanne Shultz, an evlutinary bilgist frm the University f Manchester, said the study was praisewrthy in seeking t enrich ur knwledge f the evlutin f human language. But, she added, the results were“a little disappinting”（曼徹斯特大學的進化生物學家蘇珊娜·舒爾茨博士說，這項研究是值得稱贊的，它試圖豐富我們對人類語言進化的知識。但是，她補充說，結(jié)果“有點令人失望”）”可知，這項研究是一個好的嘗試，但是發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)果是有限的。故選B。
【9題詳解】
詞義猜測題。首先根據(jù)第三段中的“They’re the nly thing that lks like human language in that respect.（在這方面，它們是唯一看起來像人類語言的東西）”可知，黑猩猩的手勢交流很像我們?nèi)祟愓Z言的交流方式。但是根據(jù)最后一段中的“Mrever, the meanings seem t nt g beynd what ther animals cnvey with nn-verbal cmmunicatins.（此外，這些含義似乎并不超越其他動物通過非語言交流所傳達的信息）”可知，黑猩猩手勢的交流方式還是和我們語言的交流方式存在不同的，也就是“S, it seems the gulf remains.（所以，看來差異依然存在）”，故gulf的意思是difference，故選A。
【10題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“Researchers say they have translated the meaning f gestures that wild chimpanzees use t cmmunicate.（研究人員表示，他們已經(jīng)翻譯出了野生黑猩猩用來交流的手勢的含義）”以及文章對這方面的討論可知，文章主要講科學家們對黑猩猩手勢的研究及一些成果，所以D項：黑猩猩語言：翻譯出來的交流手勢，這一題目涵蓋文章的內(nèi)容。故選D。
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Yu run int the grcery stre t pick up ne bttle f water. Yu get what yu need, head t the frnt, and chse the line that lks fastest.
Yu chse wrng. Peple wh yu swear gt in ther lines lng after yu are already checked ut and ff t the parking lt. ___11___
It turns ut, it's just math wrking against yu; chances are, the ther line really is faster.
Grcery stres try t have enugh emplyees at checkut t get all their custmers thrugh with minimum delay. ___12___Any small interruptin - a price check, a chatty custmer-can have dwnstream effects, hlding up an entire line.
If there are three lines in the stre, delays will happen randmly at different registers. Think abut the prbability:____13____S it's nt just in yur mind: Anther line prbably is mving faster.
Researchers have a gd way t deal with this prblem. Make all custmers stand in ne lng, snaking line- called a serpentine line - and serve each persn at the frnt with the next available register. ___14___This is what they d at mst banks and fast-fd restaurants. With a serpentine line, a lng delay at ne register wn't unfairly punish the peple wh lined up behind it. Instead, it will slw dwn everyne a little bit but speed up checkut verall.
____15____It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly, and sme stres can't affrd the space r manpwer. S wherever yur next wait may be: Gd luck.
A. Why des this always seem t happen t yu?
B. S why dn't mst places encurage serpentine lines?
C. Sme f the may have std in a queue fr almst an hur.
D. The chances f yur line being the fastest are nly ne in three.
E. Hw high is the prbability that yu are in the fastest waiting line?
F. With three registers, this methd is much faster than the traditinal apprach.
G. But smetimes, as n a Sunday afternn, the system gets particularly busy.
【答案】11. A 12. G 13. D 14. F 15. B
【解析】
本文是說明文。文章說明了雜貨店排隊方式以及研究人員提出的蛇形隊伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。
【11題詳解】
下文“It turns ut, it's just math wrking against yu; chances are, the ther line really is faster. （原來，這只是你的數(shù)學問題；很可能，另一個隊伍真的更快。）”解釋了上文“Yu chse wrng.(你選錯了)”的原因，下文與空格處是因果關(guān)系，所以本空應該是對前文選錯提出疑惑，故選A項。
【12題詳解】
上文“Grcery stres try t have enugh emplyees at checkut t get all their custmers thrugh with minimum delay.（雜貨店盡量讓足夠的員工在結(jié)賬時讓所有的顧客以最小的延誤完成結(jié)賬。）”解釋了雜貨店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruptin a price check, a chatty custmer -can have dwnstream effects, hlding up an entire line.（任何一個小小的中斷，一個價格檢查，一個喋喋不休的顧客，都會產(chǎn)生下游效應，拖住整個生產(chǎn)線。）”描述了雜貨店的特殊情況，故本空應該填出現(xiàn)特殊情況的原因，故選G項。
【13題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“If there are three lines in the stre, delays will happen randmly at different registers. （如果雜貨店中有三列隊伍，延遲將在不同的隊伍中隨機發(fā)生。）”聯(lián)系下文“S it's nt just in yur mind: Anther line prbably is mving faster.（所以這不僅僅是在你的腦海里：另一條隊伍可能移動得更快。）”可知本空說的是任何一個隊伍都有可能出現(xiàn)問題。你的隊伍跑得最快的幾率只有三分之一。故選D項。
【14題詳解】
根據(jù)“上文Researchers have a gd way t deal with this prblem.(我們得知研究人員有一個很好的方法來處理這個問題)”以及下文“This is what they d at mst banks and fast-fd restaurants. With a serpentine line, a lng delay at ne register wn't unfairly punish the peple wh lined up behind it. Instead, it will slw dwn everyne little bit but speed up checkut verall.（這個大多數(shù)銀行和快餐店都是這樣做的。有了一條蜿蜒的隊伍，在一個登記處長時間拖延不會不公平地懲罰后面排隊的人。相反，它會減慢每個人一點點，但加快了整體結(jié)帳速度。）”說明這個新方案迅速有效，聯(lián)系上下文可知，空格中應該是與舊的結(jié)賬方案作比較。故選F項。
【15題詳解】
結(jié)合下文“It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly, and sme stres can't affrd the space r manpwer.（要保持一條生產(chǎn)線的快速運轉(zhuǎn)，需要很多的收銀機，而且有些商店負擔不起空間和人力。）”說明了一個原因，由此可知，空格處提出了一個問題；通過“It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly.(保持一條生產(chǎn)線的快速運轉(zhuǎn))”可知這里描述的是不鼓勵蛇形隊伍的原因。故選B項。
第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）
第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1. 5分，滿分30分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。
Last year I decided t d sme vlunteer wrk. I began t____16____n the Internet and discvered Vlunteer USA. Three mnths later I____17____myself n a plane t Phenix, Arizna. I was____18____at the thught f living with lads f new peple fr three mnths. Hwever, within fifteen minutes f____19____, my wrries had gne. Everyne was s____20____and like-minded that it was very____21____t feel at hme.
I was sent t the Crnad Natinal Frest fr my first 8-day____22____. We had t____23____everything we needed and walk three miles t where we wrked. It may nt seem like a____24____way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were n fire.
My jb was t____25____a stairway ut f rck. This____26____climbing up and dwn the side f a muntain inhabited (棲息) by muntain lins, althugh I shuld say they were nly heard,never____27____.
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came int being. The____28____f knwing that my____29____will be n that muntainside fr years t cme is massive.
But n the last night we were____30____in a thunderstrm. I wke up at midnight t find a swimming pl in my tent. The temperature was clse t____31____. I had t spend the rest f the night trembling in the nly____32____part f my tent.
____33____, I suffered a lt. But I knw whatever I have t face in my life I was there and I____34____. I think I am much____35____fr having taken part in the prject.
16. A. calculateB. negtiateC. advertiseD. research
17. A. imaginedB. intrducedC. enjyedD. fund
18. A. annyedB. surprisedC. scaredD. excited
19. A. arrivingB. sleepingC. thinkingD. walking
20. A. cnfidentB. friendlyC. energeticD. curius
21. A. funnyB. gdC. luckyD. easy
22. A. turB. prjectC. campaignD. curse
23. A. drpB. makeC. carryD. buy
24. A. niceB. safeC. lngD. quick
25. A. buildB. testC. cleanD. guard
26. A. helpedB. endedC. allwedD. meant
27. A. huntedB. trainedC. seenD. fed
28. A. satisfactinB. ambitinC. expectatinD. intentin
29. A. wrkB. memryC. recrdD. stry
30. A. leftB. caughtC. attackedD. separated
31. A. bilingB. averageC. nrmalD. freezing
32. A. tidyB. dryC. newD. sft
33. A. By the wayB. Regardless f thatC. Needless t sayD. In either ease
34. A. survivedB. resistedC. escapedD. recvered
35. A. smarterB. strngerC. happierD. busier
【答案】16. D 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者去年通過網(wǎng)上查詢信息得到去科羅拉多國家森林當志愿者的機會，雖然期間作者經(jīng)歷了暴雨中帳篷漏水，為獅子上下山而搭建臺階的繁重工作等磨難，仍然感謝這個經(jīng)歷讓自己變得更堅強。
【16題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始在網(wǎng)上查詢并且發(fā)現(xiàn)“美國志愿者”。A. calculate計算；B. negtiate協(xié)商；C. advertise登廣告；D. research研究。根據(jù)前文的“Last year I decided t d sme vlunteer wrk.”可知，作者在網(wǎng)上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故選D項。
【17題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：三個月后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在飛往亞利桑那州鳳凰城的飛機上。A. imagined想象；B. intrduced介紹；C. enjyed喜歡；D. fund發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)前文的“I began t_1_n the Internet…”可知，作者之前還在網(wǎng)上查閱，三個月后自己就動身了。故選D項。
【18題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三個月，我很害怕。A. annyed煩惱的；B. surprised驚訝的；C. scared害怕的；D. excited興奮的。根據(jù)后面的“my wrries had gne.”可知，我一開始很擔憂。故選C項。
【19題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，到達15分鐘里我的擔憂就消失了。A. arriving到達；B. sleeping睡覺；C. thinking思考；D. walking行走。根據(jù)“feel at hme”得知到達目的地不久，作者就不擔心了。故選A項。
【20題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每個人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有賓至如家的感覺。A. cnfident自信的；B. friendly友好的；C. energetic活力的；D. curius好奇的。根據(jù)后文“and like-minded”可推斷，作者感覺大家都很友好。故選B項。
【21題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每個人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有賓至如家的感覺。A. funny搞笑的；B. gd好的；C. lucky幸運的；D. easy容易的。根據(jù) “that like-minded”和“feel at hme”得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感覺到家的溫暖很容易。故選D項。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我被派往科羅拉多國家森林開始頭8天的項目。A. tur游覽；B. prject項目；C. campaign活動；D. curse課程。根據(jù)下文“fr having taken part in the prject”可知，這是在說當志愿者的項目，原詞復現(xiàn)。故選B項。
【23題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們必須帶上需要的東西走到三英里外我們工作的地方。A. drp掉下；B. make制作；C. carry攜帶；D. buy購買。根據(jù)下文“with a heavy pack”可知，作者他們要背負著必需品走。故選C項。
【24題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：可能看起來不遠，但是在35度高溫下，背著沉重的物品，我的腿像是著了火。A. nice好的；B. safe安全的；C. lng長的；D. quick快的。根據(jù)前文“walk three miles”可知，作者他們走的路程不遠。故選C項。
【25題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的工作是用巖石建一個階梯。A. build建造；B. test測試；C. clean清潔；D. guard保衛(wèi)。根據(jù)下文“climbing up and dwn the side f a muntain.”可知，作者在獅子棲息地建一個階梯供獅子攀爬。故選A項。
【26題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這意味著獅子能在山上棲息地通過階梯爬上爬下。A. helped幫助；B. ended結(jié)束；C. allwed允許；D. meant意味。根據(jù)“climbing up and dwn”可知，臺階修好了意味著獅子可以爬上爬下。故選D項。
【27題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我應該說他們只被聽說過，從沒被親眼見過。A. hunted捕獵；B. trained訓練；C. seen看到；D. fed喂養(yǎng)。根據(jù)前文“althugh I shuld say they were nly heard”可知，作者以前沒有見過。故選C項。
【28題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：知道我的作品將會在未來的幾年里出現(xiàn)在那片山坡上，我的滿足感是巨大的。A. satisfactin滿意；B. ambitin雄心；C. expectatin期待；D. intentin意圖。根據(jù)上文的“a beautiful stairway came int being”可知，我修的臺階成型了，我很滿意。故選A項。
【29題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：知道我的作品將會在未來的幾年里出現(xiàn)在那片山坡上，我的滿足感是巨大的。A. wrk工作，作品；B. memry回憶；C. recrd記錄；D. stry故事。根據(jù)上文的“My jb was t”“a beautiful stairway came int being”可知，修臺階是我的工作。故選A項。
【30題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是在最后一晚，我們被困在雷雨中。A. left離開；B. caught捉住；C. attacked襲擊；D. separated分離。根據(jù)下文“I wke up at midnight t find a swimming pl in my tent”可知，作者他們被困在雷雨中。故選B項。
【31題詳解】
考查形容詞短語辨析。句意：溫度接近零度。A. biling煮沸的的；B. average平均的；C. nrmal正常的；D. freezing冰凍的。根據(jù)下文“trembling”得知溫度很低。故選D項。
【32題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我不得不后半夜在帳篷干的那一塊地方發(fā)抖。A. tidy干凈的；B. dry干的；C. new新的；D. sft軟的。根據(jù)上文的“thunderstrm”和后文的“part f my tent”可知，帳篷里進了水，作者蜷縮在帳篷干的地方。故選B項。
【33題詳解】
考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：不用說我受了很多苦。A. By the way順便問一下；B. Regardless f that盡管這樣；C. Needless t say 不用說；D. In either case在這兩種情況下。根據(jù)前文給獅子棲息地建造臺階和下雨天帳篷漏水可知，作者當志愿者時受了很多苦。故選C項。
【34題詳解】
考查動詞辨析。句意：但是我知道不論人生中面對什么，我都在這，我都活了下來。A. survived生存；B. resisted反抗；C. escaped逃離，抓牢；D. recvered恢復。根據(jù)上文“But I knw whatever I have t face in my life I was there.”可知，作者認為再多苦都可以堅持下來，挺過去。故選A項。
【35題詳解】
考查形容詞比較級詞義辨析。句意：我認為因為參加這個項目我更強壯了。A. smarter更聰明的；B. strnger更強壯的；C. happier更快樂的；D. busier更忙碌的。根據(jù)前文“But I knw whatever I have t face in my life I was there.可知作者感覺經(jīng)歷讓他更強壯。故選B項。
【點睛】
第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1. 5分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
In a study f 33 years f trends in Bdy Mass Index (體重指數(shù)) acrss 200 cuntries, the scientists fund that peple wrldwide are getting heavier ____36____ that mst f the rise is due t gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internatinally recgnized measurement tl ____37____ gives an indicatin f whether smene is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a ____38____ (persn) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI f between 19 and 25 ____39____ (cnsider) healthy.
The study fund that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased ____40____ 2. 1 in wmen and men. In cities, hwever, the gain ____41____ (be) 1. 3 in wmen and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the gegraphy f BMI. Tn 1985，urban men and wmen in mre than three quarters f the cuntries ____42____ (study) had higher BMIs than men and wmen in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural peple in many cuntries had narrwed ____43____(sharp).
This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple ____44____ (live) in the cuntryside, including ____45____ (lw) levels f incme and educatin, higher csts f healthy fds, and fewer sprts facilities.
【答案】36. and
37. that/which
38. persn’s
39. is cnsidered
40. by 41. was
42. Studied
43. sharply
44. living 45. lwer
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如今世界各地的人體重越來越超標，主要是由于農(nóng)村地區(qū)的體重指數(shù)（BMI）增加了，并分析了其中的原因。
【36題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：在一項對200個國家33年體重指數(shù)趨勢的研究中，科學家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，世界各地的人們體重越來越重，而這主要是由于農(nóng)村地區(qū)體重指數(shù)的增加。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，that peple wrldwide are getting heavier和that mst f the rise is due t gains in BMI in rural areas.都是fund引導的賓語從句，是并列關(guān)系，故填and。
【37題詳解】
考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞。句意：BMI是一種國際公認的測量工具，它可以顯示一個人的體重是否健康。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，tl是先行詞，且在從句中做主語，故填that/which。
【38題詳解】
考查名詞所有格。句意：它的計算方法是用一個人的體重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之間被認為是健康的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，persn是修飾weight的，用 persn的名詞所有格persn’s。故填persn’s。
【39題詳解】
考查動詞被動語態(tài)。句意：它的計算方法是用一個人的體重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之間被認為是健康的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子缺少謂語，主語（a BMI）是單數(shù)，時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語和cnsider是表被動關(guān)系，故填is cnsidered。
【40題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，1985年至2017年間，農(nóng)村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increase by表示“增加了”；increase t表示“增加到”。根據(jù)正常的成人BMI數(shù)值（18.5-23.9）可知，increase by符合語境，故填by。
【41題詳解】
考查主謂一致和動詞時態(tài)。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子缺少謂語，主語（gain）是單數(shù)，時態(tài)是一般過去時，故填was。
【42題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：1985年，在被研究的國家中，超過四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于農(nóng)村地區(qū)的男性和女性。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子的謂語是had，所以study用非謂語形式，它的邏輯主語是cuntries，表被動關(guān)系，故填studied。
【43題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：但30年后，許多國家城市和農(nóng)村人口的BMI差異大幅縮小。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，sharp是要修飾動詞narrw，用sharp的副詞形式sharply。故填sharply。
【44題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：這可能是由于生活在農(nóng)村的人有一些不利條件，包括較低的收入和教育水平，較高的健康食品成本，以及較少的體育設(shè)施。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子已有謂語動詞may be，故live用非謂語形式，它的邏輯主語是peple，表主動關(guān)系，做定語，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，故填living。
【45題詳解】
考查形容詞比較級。句意：這可能是由于生活在農(nóng)村的人有一些不利條件，包括較低的收入和教育水平，較高的健康食品成本，以及較少的體育設(shè)施。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，including說明的是一些不利條件，且后面有higher和fewer，是并列關(guān)系，所以lw也應該用比較級形式，故填lwer。
第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
第一節(jié) 應用文寫作（滿分15分）
46. 假定你是李華，下周有新西蘭學生訪問你校，你將作為學生代表致歡迎辭。請為此寫一篇發(fā)言稿，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 表示歡迎；
2. 介紹活動安排；
3. 表達祝愿。
注意：
1. 詞數(shù)80左右；
2. 可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
【答案】Distinguished guests:
On behalf f ur schl, I wuld like t cnvey my sincere welcme fr yur visiting.
At first, it is f significance t fully understand the schl. As scheduled, all f yu will visit the museum, which cntains the splendid histry f ur schl. Furthermre, ur classes are wrthy f being attended, because yu can appreciate the differences between Chinese and western teaching methds. After that, it is at canteen that yu can have a special lunch with ur students.
As mentined abve, I extremely expect yur cming. May yu have an unfrgettable experience.
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇應用文，要求考生寫一篇發(fā)言稿，向即將到校的新西蘭學生致歡迎辭。
【詳解】第一步：審題
體裁：應用文
時態(tài)：根據(jù)提示，時態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時。
結(jié)構(gòu)：總分法
總分法指把主題句作為總說，把支持句作為分說，并以這種方式安排所寫內(nèi)容。
要求：
1．表示歡迎；
2．介紹活動安排；
3．表達祝愿。
第二步:列提綱（重點詞組）
n behalf f; wuld like t; cnvey; sincere welcme; be f significance; splendid; be wrthy f; appreciate; teaching methds; canteen; extremely expect; unfrgettable
第三步：連詞成句
1. On behalf f ur schl, I wuld like t cnvey my sincere welcme fr yur visiting.
2. At first, it is f significance t fully understand the schl.
3. As scheduled, all f yu will visit the museum, which cntains the splendid histry f ur schl.
4. Furthermre, ur classes are wrthy f being attended, because yu can appreciate the differences between Chinese and western teaching methds.
5. After that, it is at canteen that yu can have a special lunch with ur students.
6. As mentined abve, I extremely expect yur cming.
7. May yu have an unfrgettable experience.
根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時態(tài)問題。
第四步：連句成篇（銜接詞）
1.表文章結(jié)構(gòu)順序：at first
2.表并列補充關(guān)系：Furthermre
連句成文，注意使用恰當?shù)倪B詞進行句子之間的銜接與過渡，書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰。
【點睛】[高分句型1] As scheduled, all f yu will visit the museum, which cntains the splendid histry f ur schl. (運用了which引導的非限制性定語從句)
[高分句型2] After that, it is at canteen that yu can have a special lunch with ur students. (運用了強調(diào)句型)
第二節(jié) 讀后續(xù)寫(滿分25分）
47. 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事。
Pumpkin (南瓜) carving at Hallween is a family traditin. We visit a lcal farm every Octber. In the pumpkin field, I cmpete with my three brthers and sister t seek ut the biggest pumpkin. My dad has a rule that we have t carry ur pumpkins back hme, and as the eldest child I have an advantage-I carried an 85-punder back last year.
This year, it was hard t tell whether my prize r the ne chsen by my 14-year-ld brther, Jasn, was the winner. Unfrtunately we frgt t weigh them befre taking ut their insides, but I was determined t prve my pint. All f us were hard at wrk at the kitchen table, with my mm filming the annual event. I’m unsure nw why I thught frcing my head inside the pumpkin wuld settle the matter, but it seemed t make perfect sense at the time.
With the pumpkin resting n the table, hle uppermst, I bent ver and pressed my head against the pening. At first I gt jammed just abve my eyes and then, as I went n with my task, unwilling t quit, my nse briefly prevented entry. Finally I managed t put my whle head int it, like a crk (軟木塞) frced int a bttle. I was able t straighten up with the huge pumpkin resting n my shulders.
My excitement was shrt-lived. The pumpkin was heavy. “I’m ging t set it dwn, nw,” I said,and with Jasn helping t supprt its weight，I bent back ver the table t give it smewhere t rest. It was nly when I tried t remve my head that I realized getting ut was ging t be less straightfrward than getting in. When I pulled hard, my nse gt in the way. I gt int a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and mved my head arund trying t find the right angle, but it was n use. “I can’t get it ut!” I shuted, my vice sunding unnaturally lud in the enclsed space.
注意：
1. 所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應為150左右；
2. 至少使用5個短文中標有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；
3. 續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；
4. 續(xù)寫完成后，請用下劃線標出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。
Paragraph 1
It was five r six minutes thugh it felt much lnger.
Paragraph 2
The vide was psted the Mnday befre Hallween.
【答案】Paragraph 1
It was five r six minutes thugh it felt much lnger. Dad was summned – less, it seemed, in expectatin f practical help than t make sure he didn’t miss ut n the spectacle. I heard him prpse calling the fire department. “Stay tuned,” said Mm; she’d mentined she was ging t uplad the vide t Facebk, but it was nly then I realized she’d been filming the whle time. The vide cuts befre my rescue —Dad gt me t push my head farther int the pumpkin s Mm culd reach in and und the rubber band rund my pnytail. I emerged with squash-cnditined hair, a sre chin and my nse plugged with pulp.
Paragraph 2
The vide was psted the Mnday befre Hallween. By the end f that day, it had ver 1,000 views. Peple asked Mm t put it n YuTube, and by Wednesday mrning we were getting 5:00 am calls frm TV breakfast shws and then the internatinal media – the vide started racking up hundreds f thusands f views. When I went n a yuth camp, I was recgnized by children I’d never met. The pumpkin als became a minr celebrity. Passersby and trick-r-treaters wuld knck and ask, “Which is Rachel’s pumpkin?” befre taking selfies with it.
【解析】
【分析】
本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者家有在萬圣節(jié)雕刻南瓜傳統(tǒng)，今年也不例外，家里所有人都在廚房的餐桌上辛勤地工作著，而作者的媽媽則在拍攝一年一度的活動。結(jié)果作者將頭伸進了南瓜里，被卡住了，無論如何也無法掙脫出來，媽媽卻趁機拍下了這一幕，后來作者得救，視頻也被上傳到網(wǎng)上走紅，這段視頻開始獲得數(shù)十萬的點擊量。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“雖然時間只過去了五、六分鐘，但還是感覺要長得多?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫作者是如何在爸爸的幫助下得救的。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“這段視頻是在萬圣節(jié)前的周一發(fā)布的。”可知，第二段可描寫作者頭被卡在南瓜里這段視頻在網(wǎng)上的走紅情況，以及視頻走紅對作者家和作者的影響。
2.續(xù)寫線索：爸爸被喊來幫忙——媽媽拍下了全過程——作者得救——視頻被上傳——視頻走紅——視頻對作者家和作者的影響
3.詞匯激活
行為類
確保：make sure / guarantee
打算做某事：be ging t d sth./ intend t d sth.
出來：emerge / cme ut
情緒類
實際：practical / useful
出名：becme a minr celebrity / be famus
【點睛】[高分句型1] When I went n a yuth camp, I was recgnized by children I’d never met. (運用了when引導時間狀語從句)
[高分句型2]Passersby and trick-r-treaters wuld knck and ask, “Which is Rachel’s pumpkin?” befre taking selfies with it. (運用了動名詞作賓語)

相關(guān)試卷

相關(guān)試卷更多

相關(guān)試卷

相關(guān)試卷 更多

相關(guān)試卷更多