01 命題趨勢 考標導向化
在歷年各地中考中，形容詞和副詞是必考的知識點，分值通常在3～5分之間。從命題形式來看，一般有單項選擇、完形填空、詞語運用等；其中對形容詞和副詞的句法功能、比較等級的用法及易混形容詞和副詞的辨析的考查又是重中之重。預(yù)計年中考熱點仍將集中在形容詞和副詞的詞義辨析和比較等級的用法上。
02 定義 概念清晰化
形容詞是用來修飾名詞或不定代詞，說明事物和人的性質(zhì)和特征的一類詞，在句子中用作定語、表語、賓語補足語；而副詞用以修飾動詞、形容詞或其他副詞，在句子中作狀語、表語、補語和定語。英語中的形容詞和副詞都有等級的變化。
03 知識歸類 知識網(wǎng)絡(luò)化
?形容詞的位置
形容詞作定語通常前置，但在下列情況后置：
1.有些形容詞只能作定語。如：
little(小的),nly(唯一的),wden(木質(zhì)的),elder(年長的),wlen(羊毛質(zhì)的)等及復合形容詞man-made(人造的),kind-hearted(好心的),English-speaking(說英語的),take-away(可以帶走的)等。
2.有些形容詞只能作表語。如：
alne(孤獨的),asleep(睡著的),awake(醒著的),alive(活著的),well(健康的),ill(病的),frightened(害怕的)等。
3.有些形容詞貌似副詞。如：
friendly(友好的),lively(生動的),lnely(孤獨的)等。
4.有些形容詞與定冠詞the連用，表示一類人或物。如：
We shuld respect the ld and lve the yung.我們應(yīng)該尊老愛幼。
It’s nt plite t laugh at the blind r the deaf.取笑盲人或聾人是不禮貌的。
5.enugh修飾名詞時既可以放在名詞的前面，也可以放在其后面；然而，enugh作狀語修飾形容詞或副詞時，應(yīng)該放在形容詞或副詞之后。如：
We have enugh time(=time enugh)t finish the wrk.我們有足夠的時間來完成這項工作。
He ran fast enugh t catch the bus.他跑得很快，足夠趕上公共汽車了。
This hall is big enugh t hld 1,000 peple.這個大廳夠大的，可以容納1000人。
6.多個形容詞作定語時，通常按“性質(zhì)→大小(長短、高低、形狀等)→年齡/新舊→顏色→國籍(地區(qū)、出處等)→材料”的順序排列。如：
a beautiful tall building一座漂亮而高大的建筑物
a large yellw Chinese cat一件黃色的中國式大衣
【題組訓練】
形容詞的作用及位置
( )1.(2014·綏化)Keep all the windws _______，it’s t ht in the rm.
A.pened B.pen C.clsed
( )2.(2014·荊州)—I’ll nt be Jack’s friend any mre.
—Dn’t be angry.He’s just s ______，but in fact he’s gd t us，yu knw.
A.helpful B.direct C.plite D.brave
( )3.(2014·河北)Hw _____ Cindy grws !she’s almst as tall as her mther nw.
A.cute B.strng C.fast D.straight
( )4.(2014·來賓)After the earthquake，we heard f lts f ______ stries，and all f us were deeply .
A.mving;mved B.mving;mving
C.mved;mving D.mved;mved
( )5.(2014·東營)Overseas experience may help make ur life______ .S why nt try t study abrad?
A.usual B.useful
C.successful D.traditinal
?副詞的分類
注意：
地點副詞、時間副詞和方式副詞放在句尾，它們同時出現(xiàn)時的順序是：方式副詞→地點副詞→時間副詞。如：
The students are ding the experiments carefully in the lab nw.同學們現(xiàn)在正在實驗室里認真地做實驗。
Many peple take exercise happily n the square every mrning.很多人每天早晨在廣場上高興地進行鍛煉。
【題組訓練】
副詞的作用及位置
( )6.(2014·曲靖)David desn’t like rice ndles，his sn desn’t，________.
A.als B.t C.either D.nt
( )7.(2014·隨州)—Hw is Lucy’s English?
—She always des very well in her English exams. But she can_______ understand English radi prgrams.
A.always B.already C.easily D.hardly
( )8.(2014·宿遷)Sandy likes travelling. She_______ stays at hme during hlidays.
A.seldm B.usually C.always D.ften
( )9.(2014·綿陽)—Alex，did yu find ur ld schl last week?
—Yes，but with much difficulty，fr it has ________changed ver these years.
A.cmpletely B.never
C.hardly D.partly
( )10.(2014·昆明)Teenagers shuld be encuraged t g______ and be clse t nature.
A.inside B.back C.utside D.ff
?規(guī)則變化的形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級
1.使用比較級時，在對比中應(yīng)該是同類進行對比。如：
“我的英語不如你的好”應(yīng)譯成“My English is nt as(s)gd as yurs.”，而不能譯成“My English is nt as gd as yu.”。因為此句中比較的對象是English，而不是yu，所以要把yu改成yurs(=yur English)。
2.使用比較級時，切忌一方包含另一方，從而造成自身與自身的比較。如：
“她比她班上任何同學學習都努力”應(yīng)譯成“She studies harder than any ther student in her class.”，而不能譯成“She studies harder than any student in her class.”。any student in her class包括she，使用了ther才能將其排除。
【題組訓練】
( )11.(2014·山西)—Have yu watched A Bite f China recently?
—Of curse.I d believe Chinese fd is ____ in the wrld.
A.the mst delicius B.mre delicius
C.delicius
( )12.(2014·襄陽)With the develpment f mdern science，it’s______ fr us t get infrmatin frm all ver the wrld.
A.slwer B.busier C.harder D.easier
( )13.(2014·呼和浩特)The bx was _____ than I had expected.I was ut f breath when I gt hme.
A.mre heavier B.much heavier
C.little heavier D.very heavier
( )14.(2014·嘉興)—D yu like eating fish，Wang Han?
—Of curse.Nthing can be_______ ，I think.
A.delicius B.beautiful
C.mre delicius D.mre beautiful
( )15.(2014·白銀)—He is the nly ne wh failed in the math exam.
—Really?Yu mean he studies________.
A.the mst careful B.the least careful
C.the mst carefully D.the least carefully
?不規(guī)則變化的形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級
【題組訓練】
( )16.(2014·綿陽)—Rsa，can I wear jeans and T-shirt t the evening party?
—OK.But a dress might be______ .
A.gd B.wrse C.bad D.better
( )17.(2014·長沙)—Oh，it was fantastic! Lily danced s well.
—Well，I think Kate danced_______ than Lily.
A.well B.better C.best
( )18.(2014·咸寧)—What d yu think f her teaching English?
—Great! N ne teaches_______ in ur schl.
A.gd B.wrse C.better D.Best
( )19.(2013·大慶)If yu want t be thinner and healthier，yu shuld eat _____ fd and take ______ exercise.
A.mre;fewer B.mre;less
C.fewer;mre D.less;mre
( )20.(2013·南寧)We held a cncert in the hall yesterday.Kate sang ______ amng the singers.
A.gd B.well C.better D.best
?形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級的用法
1.“A+謂語動詞+the+比較級+f the tw +…”，表示“兩者中較……的”。如：
Wang Fei is the taller ne f the tw brthers.王飛是他們兄弟兩人中較高的一個。
2.“A+謂語動詞+ne f the+ 最高級+復數(shù)名詞+in/f短語”表示 “……是最……的之一”。如：
Miss Li is ne f the mst ppular teachers in ur schl.李老師是我們學校最受歡迎的老師之一。
The Yangtze River is ne f the lngest rivers in the wrld.長江是世界上最長的河流之一。
3.“A+謂語動詞+the+序數(shù)詞+最高級+in/f短語”表示“……是第……最……的”。如：
The Yellw River is the secnd lngest river in China.黃河是中國第二長河。
【題組訓練】
( )21.(2014·銅仁)The Yangtze River is ne f ____ in the wrld.
A.the lngest rivers B.the lngest river
C.lnger rivers D.lnger river
( )22.(2014·南充)—I think English is as ______ as maths.
—I agree with yu.
A.mre interesting B.mst interesting
C.the mst interesting D.interesting
( )23.(2014·阜康)Of the tw sisters，Lucy is ______ ne，and she is als the ne wh lves t be quiet.
A.a yunger B.a yungest
C.the yunger D.the yungest
( )24.(2014·蘭州)The weather is becming________ .
A.htter and htter B.mre ht and ht
C.hter and hter D.mre and mre ht
( )25.(2014·昆明)—It’s smggy these days. That’s terrible!
—Yes.I hpe t plant trees.______ trees，______ air pllutin.
A.The mre，the fewer B.The less，the mre
C.The less，the fewer D.The mre，the less
04 整合集訓 反饋層級化
( )1.Je tk up a cup t drink sme water, but he fund it was_____ .
A.empty B.heavy C.clean D.ld
( )2.It is _____ fr us t bring ur umbrellas because the weather reprt says it will rain this afternn.
A.hard B.interesting
C.easy D.necessary
( )3.—Hw abut the mvie,Jack?
—It’s a little bring.And I was t ______ t watch the end f it.
A.sleepy B.asleep C.sleep D.sleeping
( )4.—Uncle Wang feels very _____ after finishing the ____wrk.
—He really needs t have a gd rest.
A.tired;tiring B.tired;tired
C.tiring;tired D.tiring;tiring
( )5.Each f yu shuld be careful enugh t keep yurself _____ when ding this chemistry experiment.
A.clear B.safe C.safely D.clearly
( )6.—Hurry up!The cncert will begin sn.
—Take it easy.We have ______ time left.
A.little B.much C.many D.plenty
( )7.—Why d yu like living in the cuntryside,Uncle Wang?
—Because the air there is _______ and clean.
A.cld B.dirty C.thin D.fresh
( )8.We’d better nt eat t much ____ fd because it’s nt nly bad fr ur teeth,but als makes us fat easily.
A.tasty B.delicius C.sweet D.cheap
( )9.—These days I have always felt stressed.
—Yu can ask Mrs Lee fr help.It’s ____ fr her t slve yur prblem.
A.necessary B.useful
C.imprtant D.pssible
( )10.—Are yu _____,Mike?
—Yes, Mm. Culd yu please get me sme water?
A.thirsty B.tired C.hungry D.sick
( )11.—Whse hme is _____ away frm schl in ur class?
—Liu Mei’s.
A.farther B.far
C.the farthest D.near
( )12.—Which f the tw cars will yu buy?
—The ______ ne.I dn’t have much mney.
A.cheap B.expensive
C.cheaper D.mre expensive
( )13.—Remember this, children.______ careful yu are, ______mistakes yu will make.
—Yes,Miss Ga.
A.The mre;the fewer
B.The mre;the few
C.The mre;the less
D.The much;the fewer
( )14.—Which is_____ ,the sun,the earth r the mn?
—The sun f curse.
A.big B.bigger
C.biggest D.the biggest
( )15.—Yur daughter is much _______ nw.
—Yes,the pants she wre last year are all t shrt fr her.
A.lder B .quieter C.taller D.smarter
( )16.If yu keep playing sprts every day,yur health will be getting ________.
A.gd and gd B.better and better
C.best and best D.better and best
( )17.—Mum,culd yu buy me a dress like this?
—Of curse.We can buy _____ ne than this,but ____ it.
A.a better;better than
B.a ppular;as gd as
C.a mre ppular;nt as gd as
D.a cheaper;as gd as
( )18.—Which prvince is the _______ ne in winter?
—It shuld be Heilngjiang Prvince,I think.
A.cldest B.htter C.warmest D.cler
( ) 19.—Wuld yu mind staying in such a nisy rm?
—N,but my sn needs a _____ place t study in.
A.cleaner B.quieter C.safer D.bigger
( )20.The actress is already 50,but she lks _____ than she really is.
A.yung B.mre yung
C.mre yunger D.much yunger
( )21.—Tm,what d yu think f the schl?
—Oh,n ther schl is ____ in the city. It’s ____ ne.
A.better;a better B.the best;the best
C.better;the best D.the best;a better
( )22.Nw,blgs are ______ traditinal diaries amng yung peple.Everyne in my class has a blg.
A.very ppular
B.as ppular as
C.nt s ppular as
D.much mre ppular than
( )23.—Let’s g shpping at the new mall.
—Why nt shp nline?It’s ________.
A.expensive B.mre expensive
C.less expensive D.the mst expensive
( )24.—What d yu think f the film yu saw yesterday?
—Oh!It’s ne f _______ films I’ve ever seen.
A.interesting B.mre interesting
C.mst interesting D.the mst interesting
( )25.—Peter is ____ than yu,right?
—Yes,but he is____ runner in ur class.
A.heavier;best B.heavy;the best
C.heavier;the best D.heavy;better
( )26.—Hw ften d yu watch actin mvies?
—______.I dn’t like this kind f mvies at all.
A.Always B.Often
C.Smetimes D.Never
( )27.—Can yu catch what I said?
—Srry,I can ______ understand it.
A.nearly B.almst
C.hardly D.already
( )28.—Have yu read tday’ s mrning paper?
—Nt_____ .What’s the latest news abut the hand-ft-muth disease?
A.nly B .just
C.ever D.yet
( )29.—I always listen t the teacher _____ in class.
—It’s very clever f yu t d that.
A.free B.freely
C.careful D.carefully
( )30.We are glad t see that ur hmetwn is develping ______ these years than ever befre.
A.quickly B.less quickly
C.mre quickly D.the mst quickly
分類圖解
修飾sme, any, every, n和bdy, thing, ne等構(gòu)成的復合不定代詞時
nbdy absent, everything
pssible
以-able, -ible結(jié)尾的形容詞可置于有最高級或nly修飾的名詞之后
the best bk available, the nly slutin pssible
alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置
the nly persn awake
表示長、寬、高、深及年齡的形容詞
a bridge 50 meters lng
形容詞短語一般后置
a man difficult t get n with
else修飾疑問詞和不定代詞時
what else，smething else
特例清單
分類圖解
時間
副詞
sn, nw, early,
finally,nce, recently
頻度
副詞
always,ften,frequently,
seldm,never
地點
副詞
here,nearby,utside,upwards,abve
疑問
副詞
hw,where,when,why
方式
副詞
hard,well,fast,slwly,excitedly,really
連接
副詞
hw,when,where,why,whether,hwever,meanwhile
程度
副詞
almst,nearly,very,fairly,quite,rather
關(guān)系
副詞
when,where,why
分類圖解
構(gòu)成方法
原級
比較級
最高級
一般單音節(jié)詞末尾加-er, -est。
small
fast
quick
smaller
faster
quicker
smallest
fastest
quickest
以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞加-r,-st。
nice
fine
nicer
finer
nicest
finest
以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)單詞，先把y變?yōu)閕，再加-er,-est。
early
happy
earlier
happier
earliest
happiest
以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙寫末尾的字母再加-er,-est。
red
big
thin
redder
bigger
thinner
reddest
biggest
thinnest
部分雙音節(jié)詞或多音節(jié)詞在原級前加mre,mst。
interesting
imprtant
mre interesting
mre imprtant
mst interesting
mst imprtant
特例清單
分類圖解
原級
比較級
最高級
gd/well
better
best
bad/ill/badly
wrse
wrst
little
less
least
many/much
mre
mst
far
farther
farthest
ld
lder/elder
ldest/eldest
分類圖解
句型
意義
例句
as＋形容詞/副詞原級＋as
兩者比較，程度相同?！癮s…as”結(jié)構(gòu)前可以帶表示程度的狀語,像quite, almst, half, twice, nearly等。
This bk is almst/nearly as thick as that ne.這本書幾乎同那本一樣厚。
His ability is nt half as high as yurs.他的能力不及你的一半。
如果形容詞修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用as＋形容詞/副詞原級＋a(n)＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式＋as。
Tm is as gd a persn as his uncle.湯姆和他叔叔一樣是好人。
This is just as gd an example as the ther ne.這個例子和另外那個一樣好。
如果指同一個人或物，應(yīng)譯為“不但……而且……”。
Li Mei is as beautiful as she is clever.李梅不但漂亮而且聰明。
nt as /s＋形容詞/副詞原級＋as
兩者相比，一方不及另一方。
This village isn’t as/s big as that ne.這個村子沒有那個村子大。
I didn’t d my hmewrk as carefully as yu.我做作業(yè)不如你仔細。
形容詞/副詞比較級+than
兩者進行比較。
The sun is bigger than the earth.太陽比地球大。
She usually gets up earlier than thers.她通常比別人起得早。
比較級＋and＋比較級
“越來越……”，多音節(jié)的用mre and mre＋形容詞或副詞原級。
She is grwing fatter and fatter.她越來越胖了。
Our cuntry is becming mre and mre beautiful.我們的國家越來越美了。
the＋比較級，
the＋比較級
“越……，越……”，如果“the＋比較級”修飾名詞作定語，名詞要緊跟在比較級之后。
The busier the ld man is,the happier he feels.那位老人越忙越高興。
The mre,the better.越多越好。
The mre mney he gets,the mre he wants.他得到的錢越多越想要。
具體數(shù)字(如倍數(shù))+as… as …
是……的……倍。
The city is tw times as big as my hmetwn.這個城市有我的家鄉(xiāng)的2倍大。
具體數(shù)字、實物、倍數(shù)等+比較級+than
形容詞與具體倍數(shù)等的比較。
He is a head taller than I.他比我高一個頭。
This city is three times larger than that ne.這座城市比那座城市大三倍。
形容詞最高級+介詞短語(比較范圍)
(三者或三者以上)最……的。
He is the tallest by in ur class.他是我們班里最高的男孩。
副詞最高級+介詞短語(比較范圍)
(三者或三者以上)最……的。
He wrks hardest in his class.他是班上學習最用功的一個。
特例清單
參考答案：
(七)形容詞和副詞
題組訓練
1—5BBCAC6—10CDAAC11—15ADBCD
16—20DBCDD21—25ADCAD
整合集訓
1—5ADAAB6—10BDCDA11—15CCADC
16—20BDABD21—25CDCDC26—30DCDDC

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備戰(zhàn)2023 貴州中考英語 人教版 一輪復習 中考語法專項練(六)形容詞和副詞

備戰(zhàn)2023 貴州中考英語 人教版 一輪復習 中考語法專項練(六)形容詞和副詞
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