?中考英語考點(diǎn)匯總
第一部分：詞法
中考考點(diǎn) 一、名詞
一、名詞的復(fù)數(shù)：
1.名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則形式
1).一般情況下直接加s book------books cup-----cups
2).以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，先變y為i再加es .
city-------cities family-----families
3).以s、x、sh、ch結(jié)尾的加es .
bus-----buses wish------wishes watch------wathes
4).以o結(jié)尾的多數(shù)加S 初中階段只有三個單詞加es .
tomato-----tomatoes potato------potatoes hero-----heroes
5).以f、fe 結(jié)尾的，先把f、fe變v 再加es .
leaf----leaves self---selves shelf----shelves life----lives thief---thieves
2.少數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則的。
man----men woman---women child----children foot-----feet tooth----teeth mouse---mice
3.單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式相同。
deer---deer fish----fish sheep----sheep Chinese ----Chinese Japanese---Japanese
4.某國人的復(fù)數(shù)。
1). 中、日不變。Chinese----Chinese Japanese---Japanese
2). 英、法變。 Englishman----Englishmen Frenchman----Frenchmen
3). 其余s加后面。 American -----Americans German----Germans Australian---Australians
二、不可數(shù)名詞：
1.不可數(shù)名詞：
1).不能直接用數(shù)字表數(shù)量 2).不能直接加a或an 3).沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式
4).可用some、any 、lots of、plenty of 、much 修飾 5).可用“量詞短語”表示
2.不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量的表示方法： a / 數(shù)字+ 量詞 + of + 不可數(shù)名詞
a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk
三、名詞的所有格：
1. ’s 所有格。
1).用and連接兩個并列的單數(shù)名詞表示共有關(guān)系時，這時只在最后一個名詞后加“’s.”
This is ____________________(Mary and Lily) bedroom .
2). 1).用and連接兩個并列的單數(shù)名詞表示各有關(guān)系時，這時分別在每個名詞后加“’s.”
These are ________________(Tom and Jack ) school bags .
3).以s結(jié)尾的名詞，變所有格時在s后加“’”,不以s 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，仍加“’s”
Teachers’ Day Children’s Day
4).表示店鋪、醫(yī)院、診所、住宅等名稱時，常在名詞后加 ’s 代表全稱。
at the doctor’s at the Bob’s
5).由some、any、no、every與one、body 結(jié)合的復(fù)合不定代詞something 、anything 等和else 連用時，所有格應(yīng)加在else的后面。
This is _________________(somebody else ) pencil .
6).表示時間、距離、國家、城市等無生命的名詞，也可在詞尾加’s 來構(gòu)成所有格。
an hour’s ride two weeks’ time China’s capital
2.of 所有格：
1).of 用來表示無生命的名詞所有格。
the map of China the door of the room
2).雙重所有格：
of + 名詞所有格 of + 名詞性的物住代詞
He is a friend of my _________(brother ) .
Is she a daughter of __________(you)?
四、名詞作句子成分：
1.名詞作主語
1).表示時間、金錢、距離作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
Two hours ________(be) enough for us to get there .
2).量詞短語“數(shù)字+量詞+ of +…”作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)與量詞保持一致。
A pair of shoes _______(be) under the bed .
Two pieces of paper _______(be) on the desk .
3).名詞+介詞（with、except 、along with …….）+名詞作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)與前面的名詞保持一致。
The teacher with the students _________(be) planting trees on the hill .
4).短語“neither…nor…、either…or…、not only…but also …”連接主語時，謂語動詞實(shí)行就近原則。
Neither he nor I ______ (be) a Frenchman .
2.名詞作定語：
1).名詞作定語時，一般用單數(shù)形式。
There is a shoe factory near the school .
2).名詞作定語時，個別情況用復(fù)數(shù)形式。(sport )
The sports meeting will be held next week .
3).man、woman 作定語表示性別時，man、woman隨后面的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)而變。
one man teacher two women teachers

中考考點(diǎn) 二、冠詞的用法
考查重點(diǎn)
冠詞的考查重點(diǎn)包括不定冠詞a和an的用法，定冠詞the的用法和零冠詞的用法等。
一.a和an的區(qū)別
不定冠詞有a和an兩種形式，a用于輔音(不是輔音字母)開頭的詞前，an用于元音(不是元音字母)開頭的詞前。
例如：a boy, a university, a European country; an hour, an honor, an island, an elephant, an umbrella, an honest man ,a useful book
不看字母看讀音,不見原因(元音)別施恩(n)
二.不定冠詞的用法
1.泛指某一類人、事或物；相當(dāng)于any，這是不定冠詞a/an的基本用法。
A horst is an animal
2.泛指某人或某物，但不具體說明何人或何物。
A girl is waiting for you.
3.表示數(shù)量，有“一”的意思，但數(shù)的概念沒有one強(qiáng)烈。
I have a computer.
4.表示“每一”，相當(dāng)于every.
I go to school five days a week.我一周上五天課。
5.用在序數(shù)詞前，表示“又一”，“再一”。
I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.
6.用在某些固定詞組中：
a lot(of), after a while ,a few ,a little ,at a time ,have a swim ,have a cold ,in a hurry ,for a long time,have a good time ,have a look
三.定冠詞的用法
1.特指某(些)人或某(些)物，這是定冠詞的基本用法。
The book on the desk is mine
2.指談話雙方都知道的人或事物。
Open the window, please.
3.指上文已經(jīng)提到的人或事物。
I have a car. The car is red.
4.指世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物。
Which is bigger, the sun or the earth?
5.用在序數(shù)詞，形容詞最高級前。
The first lesson is the easiest one in this book.
6.用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。
the Great Wall 長城，the United States 美國
7.用在某些形容詞前，表示某一類人。
the poor窮人, the blind盲人
8用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻倆”。
the Greens 格林一家或格林夫妻倆
9.用在方位詞前。
on the left在左邊，in the middle of在中間
10.用在樂器名稱前。
She plays the piano every day.
11.用在表示海洋，河流，山脈，群島及國家和黨派等名詞前。
the Black Sea黑海，the Yangzi River長江
12.用在某些固定詞組中：
all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同時；by the way順便說；do the shopping/washing買東西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上；in the open air 在戶外，在野外
四.零冠詞的用法
1.棋類,球類,一日三餐名詞前不用任何冠詞
Play chess play football have supper
特例：當(dāng)football，basketball指具體的某個球時，其前可以用冠詞：I can see a football.我可以看到一只足球。Where’s the football？那只足球在哪兒？(指足球，并非“球類運(yùn)動”)
2.季節(jié),月份,星期,節(jié)假日名詞前不用任何冠詞.
In July in summer on Monday on Teachers’ Day
3.人名,地名,國家名前不加冠詞
Beijing is the capital of China
4.學(xué)科,語言,稱呼,語職務(wù)名詞前不用冠詞
Math is hard to learn
5.復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示類別時不加冠詞
They are workers I like eating apples
6.名詞前已有物主代詞(my，your，his，her等)、指示代詞(this/these，that/those)、不定代詞(some，any等)及所有格限制時,不用冠詞
my book(正)；my the book(誤)
7.在表特定的公園，街道，車站，橋，學(xué)校等之前。
No.25 Middle School
五.用與不用冠詞的差異
in hospital住院 /in the hospital在醫(yī)院里
in front of在…(外部的)前面 /in the front of在…(內(nèi)部的)前面
at table進(jìn)餐 /at the table在桌子旁
by sea乘船 /by the sea在海邊
go to school(church…)上學(xué)(做禮拜…) /go to the school(church…)到學(xué)校(教堂…)去
two of us我們當(dāng)中的兩人/the two of us我們兩人(共計(jì)兩人)
next year明年 /the next year 第二年
a teacher and writer一位教師兼作家(一個人)
/a teacher and a writer一位教師和一位作家(兩個人)

中考考點(diǎn) 三、代詞
一．人稱代詞：
單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)
主格 賓格 主格 賓格
第一人稱 I me we us
第二人稱 you you you you
第三人稱 it/she/he it/her/him they them
1.主格作主語,賓格作動詞或介詞的賓語.
He teaches ______(we) Chinese .
2.三種人稱代詞并列時,順序?yàn)?
單數(shù):二,三,一 （You, she and I ） 復(fù)數(shù):一,二,三 (we , you and they )
注:若把責(zé)任擔(dān),第一人稱最當(dāng)先,(即若做錯事時,把第一人稱放在最前面.)
She and I have been to Beijing .
Who broke the window ? I and Mike .
注：it 還有一些特別的用法。
1）用作形式主語,常用于 “It’s +adj +to do sth”句型中.
2) 用在句型: “It seems that …”中.
3) 用在句型: “It’s one’s turn to do sth”中.
4) 用在句型: “It’s time to do sth / for sth”中.
5) 用在句型: “It’s +adj +that 從句”中.
6) 用作形式賓語, 用來代替動詞不定式. make /think /feel/find + it + adj (名詞)+ to do sth .
二.物主代詞.
第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱
單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)
形容詞性 my our your your its/his/her their
名詞性 mine ours yours yours its/his/hers theirs
1. 形容詞性的物主代詞作定語放在名詞前，不能單獨(dú)使用。
2. 名詞性的物主代詞，后面不能加名詞。名詞性的物主代詞常與of 連用。
Our classroom is as big as ______(they) .
This is a friend of ______(my).
注: 1)名詞性的物主代詞相當(dāng)于形容詞性的物主代詞加一個名詞.
（名詞性的物主代詞=形容詞性的物主代詞+ 名詞）
2)形容詞性的物主代詞與own 連用時,后面可跟名詞也可不跟名詞.
My own house = a house of my own
三.反身代詞
單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)
第一人稱 myself ourselves
第二人稱 yourself yourselves
第三人稱 himself/herself/itself themselves
記憶小竅門:
反身代詞有規(guī)律,第三人稱賓格加self.其余都要物主加self,復(fù)數(shù)ves來把f替.
反身代詞的常用搭配:
enjoy oneself hurt oneself teach oneself = learn…by oneslf all by oneself
help oneself to … look after oneself leave sb by oneself lose oneself in
say to oneself for oneself dress oneself improve oneself see oneself in the mirror
四.指示代詞
1.近指: this these 遠(yuǎn)指: that those
2.用法:
1)that those 常用來代替前面出現(xiàn)的人或物,以避免重復(fù). That代替可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞. Those 代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞.
The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _____ in Qinghai .
The books in that shop are cheaper than ______in this shop.
A.this B.that C.one D.those
2)this ,that 可代替句子或句子的一個部分,that代替前面提到的句子而this代替下面提到的句子.
He had a bad cold ,that is why he didn’t come .
3)在電話用語中,this 代替自己,而that 代替對方.
This is Tom speaking . Who is that ?
五.不定代詞的區(qū)別.
1.one與it 的區(qū)別
One 代替同類事物中的一種. 而it代替上文中出現(xiàn)的某事物.
This book is a good one . May I borrow it ?
2.some與any 的區(qū)別
一般情況下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑問句,條件句中.但在表建議的疑問句中,仍用some 代any. 常用于could / would / May 開頭或what about /how about …. 的句中。
May I have some water ?
He asked me for some paper , but I didn’t have any .
3.many與much的區(qū)別
Many+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù) Much+不可數(shù)名詞 都相當(dāng)于 a lot of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞
注:a lot of 不能用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much .
4.a few /few /a little /little 的區(qū)別
表否定(幾乎沒有) 表肯定(有一點(diǎn)/幾個)
修飾可數(shù)名詞 few a few
修飾不可數(shù)名詞 little a little
The story is easy to read . there are _____ new words in it .
Hurry up ! There is _____ time left .
5.each / every 的區(qū)別
each 表示兩者或兩者以上的人或物中的每一個.而every 表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一個.
There are trees and frowers on _____ side of the street .
______ student has read a story .
注:each 可以與of 連用, each of 作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù).而every 不能與of 連用.只能放在名詞前作定語.
Each of us _______(study )hard .
6.no one 與none 的區(qū)別
no one 表示沒有人, 不能與of 連用. 而none of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞/ 代詞，作主語時，謂語常用單數(shù)。.
The boys were all tired , but _____ of them stopped to have a rest .
7.both /neither /either /all / none / any 的區(qū)別
都 都不 任何一個
兩者之間 both neither either
三者或三者以上 all none any
There are many trees on ____ side of the river . A. both B.any C.either D.all
注: 1). both 的否定詞是neither , all的否定詞是none.
2).both of 作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù).
neither of作主語時, 謂語動詞用單數(shù).
Neither of the answers ______(be) right .
Both of my parents _______(be) workers.
3).詞組
A) both …and …連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù). 同義詞組:not only …but also … 反義詞組: neither … nor …
Not only you but also she likes watching TV.= ____ you _____ she like watching TV .= You like watching TV , _____ _____ she .
B) either …or … 或者……或者…… , neither…nor… 既不……也不…… 連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞實(shí)行就近原則.
Neither you nor he ______ (be ) right .
One of Lily and Lucy is going to the park. = _____ Lily _____Lucy _____ going to the park.
C) either 也可用于否定句中的 “也”
D) neither 也可表示 “ 也不” 句型: neither … sb 某人也不怎么樣.
If you don’t go there , _____ _____ I . (我也不去)
4) how many /how much 的回答:用none回答.
Who 的回答:用no one 回答.
What 的回答:用nothing 回答.
How many students are there in the classroom ? __________.
Who can answer the question ? _______.
A. None B.No one C.Nothing
8.other /the other /others /the others 的區(qū)別
(空)后面沒有名詞 (空)后面有名詞
有數(shù)量限制(特指) the others the other
沒有數(shù)量限制(泛指) others other
注: 1) one …the other … 表示兩者之間的一個……另一個……
2) some… others… 表示一些…… 一些……
3) another 表示三者以上的不確定數(shù)目中的另一個. 只能修飾可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù).
但 another +數(shù)字+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞= 數(shù)字+ more +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 表示 “ 另外幾個……”
Would you like ______ apple ?
I have two brothers , one is a teacher , _________ is a worker .
Some are cleaning the classroom , ______ are sweeping the window .
There are 20 teachers in our school . Eight of them are men teachers ,and _____ are women teachers
everyone 每個，人人，大家 不與of 連用
every one 每個人、物 可與of 連用
9.
Every one of us has seen the film .
Everyone should do their best .
10.復(fù)合不定代詞.
some any no every
thing something anything nothing everything
one someone anyone no one everyone
body somebody anybody nobody everybody

注: 1.復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時, 謂語動詞用單數(shù).
2.形容詞修飾不定代詞時, 形容詞放在不定代詞之后.
3.動詞不定式修飾不定代詞時, 動詞不定式放在不定代詞之后.
4.復(fù)合不定代詞用于反義疑問句中,
1)指人的不定代詞, 其反義疑問句中的主語用he 或they .
2)指物的不定代詞, 其反義疑問句中的主語用 it .
5.any ,anything ,anyone, anyboby 也可用于肯定句中,表示 “任何……/任何物/任何人”
Everything ______(begin ) to grow in spring , _______ _______ ?
Is there ___________(一些有趣的事)in today’s newpaper ?
I want something ________ (eat ).

中考考點(diǎn) 四、數(shù)詞
基數(shù)詞: 表示人或事物數(shù)量多少的詞.
序數(shù)詞: 表示人或事物的順序的詞.
一. 基數(shù)詞.
1.基數(shù)詞的讀法.
1)1---12 : one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve
2)13---19: 詞尾加-teen :thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen
3)20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90 : 逢十詞尾加-ty :twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety
4)21----99: 在十位與個位之間加連字符構(gòu)成.
21--- twenty-one 99---ninety-nine
5)101---999 :先說幾百, 再加and ,再加末尾兩位數(shù)或個位數(shù).
101---one hundred and one 238----two hundred and thirty-eight
6)1000以上的數(shù):先將數(shù)字從右往左數(shù),每三位數(shù)用一個逗號隔開, 從右往左第一個逗號表示 “千”讀thousand 第二個逗號表示 “百萬”讀million 第三個逗號表示 “十億”讀billion
18,657,421---eighteen million ,six hundred and fifty-seven thousand ,four hundred and twenty-one.
二. 序數(shù)詞
基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞
口訣: 基變序,有規(guī)律,詞尾要加th .一二三,特殊記,詞尾分別tdd(first second third )
八去t ,九去e,ve要用f替.ty變作tie,再加th莫忘記.
若遇幾十幾,只變個位就可以.
三. 數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用.
1.表編號.
結(jié)構(gòu):名詞(首字母要大寫) + 基數(shù)詞 = the +序數(shù)詞 +名詞
Lesson One = the first lesson
注：有些編號，一般僅用第一種表達(dá)法。
Room 101 101號房間
2.序數(shù)詞前一般加定冠詞the 但序數(shù)詞前與不定冠詞a /an 連用時,表示 “又一,再一”
You’ve done it three times .Why not try ____fourth time ?
A.a B.an C.the D./
3.數(shù)詞前加every ,表示每……/每隔…… .
every ten days =every ninth day 每十天(每隔九天)
注:every +基數(shù)詞 +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 = every + (序數(shù)詞-1) +單數(shù)名詞
4.基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示年代和年齡
1)表示年代: in the + 年份的復(fù)數(shù) 在幾世紀(jì)幾十年代.
在十九世紀(jì)七十年代. _________________________.
2)表年齡: in one’s + 整十的復(fù)數(shù) 表示在某人幾十歲時
在他四十歲時: ___________________.
5.hundred / thousand /million /billion
1).若hundred / thousand /million /billion 前有基數(shù)詞時,其后不加s,也不加of .若沒有時 ,既加s 也要帶of .
Every year _______ visitors come to China .
There are two _______ students in our school .
A.thousand B.thousands C.thousands of D.thousand of
2).若其前有a few 、many、several 修飾時，通常用復(fù)數(shù)，后接of.
3).若名詞前有the修飾時，用單數(shù)，后接of
Two ______the students in our school are from the countryside .
A.hundred B. hundred of C.hundreds of D.hundreds
6.幾個半的表達(dá)法:
基數(shù)詞 + and + a half +名詞復(fù)數(shù) = 基數(shù)詞 +名詞(單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù)) +and +a half
two and a half hours = two hours and a half
7.時刻表達(dá)法:
1)整點(diǎn): 基數(shù)詞 + o’clock
2)幾點(diǎn)幾分:
A).直接讀法: 先讀小時 ,后讀分鐘
3:25 ---- three twenty-five
B).間接讀法:
a)≤30分鐘. 分鐘+ past + 小時
3：25 ----twenty-five past three
b)＞30分鐘. ( 60-分鐘 )+ to + (小時數(shù)+1)
3:55 ----- five to four
c) 30 分鐘 = half 15分鐘=a quarter 45分鐘= three quarters
3:30 ---half past three 3:15----a quarter past three
3:45 ----a quarter to four
8.日期表達(dá)法:
結(jié)構(gòu): 1).月 日,年 (日用序數(shù)詞,年用基數(shù)詞)
注:年份的讀法: 先讀前兩位數(shù),再讀后兩位數(shù). 讀日時要加the.
1900---nineteen hundred 1807----eight and seven (eight o seven)
2008---two thousand eight
2007年3月21日.--- March the twenty-first ,two thousand and seven.
2).日 月 年 (the +序數(shù)詞+of +月, 年)
2007年3月21日---the twenty-first of March ,two thousand and seven.
9.分?jǐn)?shù)詞的表達(dá)法:
1).結(jié)構(gòu): a).分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞.
b).當(dāng)分子大于1時,分母加復(fù)數(shù).
3/4--- three fourths (three-fourths)
2).注意:
a).分?jǐn)?shù)詞的幾種特殊形式.
1/3—one third = a third
1/4—one fourth = a quarter
1/2—one second = a half
3/4—three fourths = three quarters
b).分?jǐn)?shù)詞作主語時, 謂語動詞根據(jù)分?jǐn)?shù)詞后面的名詞來確定.
Two fifths of the milk ______(be ) drunk by Tom .
One third of the students _______(be )girls .

中考考點(diǎn) 五、介詞
一．介詞at/ in /on .
1.表示時間：
1).表示某一具體時間點(diǎn)，某一時刻/ 年齡
at six o’clock at noon at that time
at the moment at the age of at night
2)in表示時間段,一天的三個時間段以及月份,年,季節(jié),世紀(jì),人生的某個時期(某人幾十歲時)
in the morning/afternoon /evening
in spring /in 2007/in March
in the twenty-first century
in his fifties
3)on表示星期幾/某一具體的日子/具體某天的上午/下午/晚上,表示一天中的三個時間段名詞前有修飾語或后有修飾語時.
On Monday on New Year’s Day
on Sunday morning on a rainy night
on the evening of April 1st ,2007
2表地點(diǎn):
1)at 一般指較小的地點(diǎn)或較具體的位置
at the station at the cinema
2)in 表示在較大的地點(diǎn)或一個有限空間里.
in China in the classroom
3)on 指在某物體的表面上.
on the desk
注意:
寫街道時,若有門牌號用at ,否則用on / in 都可.
He lives at 270 DongChang’an Street.
二.介詞in /on / to 表方位:
1.in表示A地在B地范圍之內(nèi).(包含關(guān)系)
Tanwan is ____ the southeast of China .
2.on表示A,B地接壤.(外切關(guān)系)
Hubei is ____ the north of Hunan .
3.to表示A,B兩地有一定的間距.(外離關(guān)系)
Japan is _____ the east of China .
三. between / among 在……之間
1.between :指兩者之間. 在…….之間.
2.among :用于三者或三者以上人或物之間. 在……之中.
You sit _____ him and me .
The song is popular ______ the students.
四.after / in 在……之后
1. after
1)after + 時間段. 表示以過去某一時刻為起點(diǎn)的一段時間之后, 用于過去時.
2)after 作介詞. after doing sth
2.in +一段時間. 表示說話時或以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的將來一段時間之后.用于將來時.
He came back ______ two days .
He will go home___finishing his homework .
He will come back _____ two days .
五.with / in / by 表示 “用……”
1.with 表示 “用…” 一般指有形的工具 / 手段 / 人體器官.
He cut the apple into halves ____ a knife .
注: with 表伴隨, “帶有,含有”
He came in _____ a big smile on his face .
2.in表示用某種語言,方式,途徑. 或書寫/繪畫所用的材料. 也可表交通方式.
Can you say it _____English ?
He wrote a letter ____ blue ink .
3.by表示乘坐交通工具, 表示方式,方法
I study for a test _____ working with a group .
He makes a living ____ selling newspapers .
注意: 同義詞組
1).by phone = on the phone
2).by car = in a car
3).in pen = with a pen = with pens
六.across / through / over / by 經(jīng)過
1.across 指橫穿,穿過. 表示動作從某一物體表面上經(jīng)過.
2.through 指穿過,透過,表示從某一物體空間內(nèi)通過.
3.over 表示從某人或某物的上空經(jīng)過或越過,不與表面接觸.
4.by 表示從某人/某物的旁邊經(jīng)過.
Can you swim ______ the river ?
the elephant is so big that it can’t go _____ the gate .
I don’t think anyone can jump ___ the fence.
I walked _____ the bank of China yesterday .
七.in front of / in the front of
1.in the front of 表示在…….內(nèi)部的前面
2.in front of 表示在……外面的前面
There is a desk in _____ front of our classroom .
There is a big tree in _____ front of our classroom.
八．其它介詞的用法：
1.at的其它用法.
1).表示 “從事或正在做某事”,其后加的名詞往往不加冠詞.
She is at work now = She is working now .
2)at表示 “價格或速度”
The train ran at 120 kilometres an hour .
2.in的其它用法:
1)in表示 “在……方面”
詞組:do well in = be good at
be weak in
2)in 表示 “穿著”后接表顏色的詞或衣服.
詞組: be in +衣服 = be wearing +衣服
3)in作副詞, “在家” = at home
3.like 的用法:
1).像/和……一樣. 常與系動詞連用.
詞組: look like sound like
2).與what 連用, “是什么樣子, 怎樣”.
What is he like ? He is kind .
4.off的用法:
1).從……下來, 脫離某物體.
詞組: fall off
2). “休假”通常放在時間名詞之后.
詞組: have +時間+ off
He hasn’t had a night off for two hours .
5.except / besides
1).except 除了…….之外, 都……. . 不包括在范圍之內(nèi).
注: nothing but … 除了……之外,什么也沒有.
2).besdies除了……之外,還有…… . 包括在范圍之內(nèi).
We all went swimming ______ Lucy .
There is _______ a letter in the box .
We study Japanese and French____ English .
6.with / without
1).with具有,含有 -----反義詞: without 沒有
詞組: with the help of = with one’s help =because of = thanks to
without one’s help
2).without 的用法:
A).without + sb./ sth. 沒有某人或某物
B).without + doing sth .
He left here without____(say ) “Goodbye”to us
C). without sth 常與if 引導(dǎo)的否定的條件句.
If there is no water , we can’t live .= We can’t live ______ _______ .
7.on the tree /in the tree
on the tree 表示 “樹上本身長的東西” 在樹上. 而in the tree 表示 “外界的物體進(jìn)入樹中” 人或物在樹上.
There are some apples _____ the tree .
There is a boy ____ the tree.
8.since / for
注: since / for 用于現(xiàn)在完成時.
1).since :
a).since +時間點(diǎn)
b). 現(xiàn)在完成時+ since +一般過去時
c).since +一段時間+ ago.
2)for: for +一段時間= since +一段時間+ ago
9.be made +介詞的區(qū)別:
be made of 由…制成 (看得見原材料)
be made from由…制成 (看不見原材料)
be made in +地點(diǎn) 由哪兒生產(chǎn)
be made by sb. 由某人制造
10.表示 “數(shù)量的介詞”
about , round around over
1). about , round around表示 “大約……”
2).over 表示 “超過”= more than.
11.inside / outside
Inside 在……里面 ------反義詞:outside在….外面
12.in the wall /on the wall
in the wall 表示“門窗在墻上” on the wall 表示“某東西張貼或掛在墻上”
九.不用介詞的情況:
1).當(dāng)時間狀為: tonight, today, yesterday, tomorrow 等時,不用介詞.
What are you going to do tonight ?
2).含有this, that, these, those, last, next, every, each等時間狀語.
He went to Wuhan last week .
3).以all 開頭的時間狀語前面不用介詞.
He has worked all day .
4).以some ,any, one 等構(gòu)成的時間狀語前不用介詞.
He met a bad man one cold morning .= He met a bad man on a cold morning .

中考考點(diǎn) 六、連詞
一．并列連詞和連詞短語
并列連詞用來連接平行的詞、詞組或從句。常見的連詞有and ,but ,or ,so ,both…and , either…or ,neither…nor , not only… but also 等。
1. and
1).and 表示 “和、且”在肯定句中連接并列的成分。
He is laughing and talking .
2).祈使句+ and …… , “and” 表示“那么”之意。= If……
Study hard , and you will succeed .= _____ _____ study hard , you will succeed .
3).adj / adv + and + adj /adv 表示“漸漸”。
He makes mistakes again and again .
2.but
表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞，意為“但是”
He is poor ,but honest .
3.or
1).or 有 “或”的意思，表示一種選擇
Would you like tea or water ?
2). “祈使句……,or …” or 表示否則。= If …not …, ……. .
Study hard , or you will fail. = _____ you _____study hard , you will fail .
3).or 用在否定句中表示并列關(guān)系。
He can’t read or write .
4.both
1).both “兩者都”, 后面的名詞、動詞都用復(fù)數(shù)。
Both the answers are right .
2).both of ….
Both of us are students .
3).both …and…
Both you and she are right .
5.either/ either …or
1).either “兩者當(dāng)中任何一個”,后有of 時接名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，無of時接單數(shù)名詞，動詞用單數(shù)形式。
You may wear either of the hats.
2).either …or… “不是……就是……,或者
……或者…….”動詞與臨近的主語保持一致。即 “就近原則”.
Either you or he has to go = Either he or you have to go .
6.neither /neither …nor…
1).neither “兩者當(dāng)中都不”,后有of 時接名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，無of時接單數(shù)名詞，動詞用單數(shù)形式。
Neither of the answers ______(be) right .
2).neither ….nor… “既不…….也不……”動詞與臨近的主語保持一致。即 “就近原則”.
Neither you nor I am right .= Neither I nor you are right .
二．從屬連詞
從屬連詞是引導(dǎo)從句的連詞。
1.引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞
1）.that 連接由陳述句轉(zhuǎn)變而來的賓語從句。
2).who,whom,what,which,whose,when,where,why,how連接由特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)變而來的賓語從句。
3).if/ whether 連接由一般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)變而來的賓語從句。
2.引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連詞
1).時間狀語從句：when ,before ,after, until ,as soon as (主將從現(xiàn))
2).條件狀語從句：if , unless
3).原因狀語從句：because
4).方式狀語從句：than
5).結(jié)果狀語從句：so… that … ,such… that…
6).讓步狀語從句：though /although
7).目的狀語從句：so that
3.不能同時出現(xiàn)在一個句子中的連詞。
1).because ,so 不能同時出現(xiàn)在一個句子里，只用其中之一。
Because in our school knew him ,so we had no trouble in finding him.
2).though /although ,but不能同時出現(xiàn)在一個句子里，只用其中之一。但though 可以與yet，still 同時出現(xiàn)在一個句子中。
Though Australia is very large ,but the population is quite small.
4.必須用whether 的情況。
1).discuss 和介詞后的賓語從句用whether .
We are discussing ____ we’ll hold a meeting.
I’m worried about ___she can come to the meeting
2).和不定式、or not 連用必須用whether .
I don’t know ______ to leave or not .

中考考點(diǎn) 七、形容詞 副詞
I.形容詞
一、形容詞的一般用法
1.作定語，一般放在所修飾詞的前面。
It’s a cold and windy day.
2.作表語，放在系動詞的后面。(look,feel,smell,sound….)
He looks happy today.
3.形容詞修飾something，anything，nothing，everything等復(fù)合不定代詞時，須放在其后。
Would you like something hot to drink？
4.表示長、寬、高、深及年齡的形容詞，應(yīng)放在相應(yīng)的名詞之后。
How long is the river？ It’s about two hundred metres long.
5.只能作表語的形容詞：afraid；alone；asleep；awake；alive；well健康的；ill；frightened
The man is ill.（正）
The ill man is my uncle.（誤）
6.只能作定語的形容詞：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木質(zhì)的；woolen羊毛質(zhì)的；elder年長的
My elder brother is in Beijing.（正）
My brother is elder. （誤）
7.貌似副詞的形容詞：lonely；friendly；lively；lovely
二、形容詞常用句型
1.“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人（做某事）怎么樣”。=Sb +be +adj+to do sth
注意：這一句型中常用描述行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的形容詞，如good，kind，nice，polite ，clever ，foolish ，lazy ，careful，careless，right（正確的），wrong等。
It’s very kind of you to help me.（=You are very kind to help me.）
2.“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事對某人來說怎么樣”。=To do sth is adj for sb .
注意：這一句型中常用的形容詞有important，necessary，difficult，easy，hard，dangerous，safe，useful，pleasant，interesting，impossible等。
It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.（=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.）
3.表示感情或情緒的形容詞，如glad，pleased，sad，thankful等常接不定式。
I’m very sad to hear the bad news.
4.表示能力和意志的形容詞，如ready（樂意的，有準(zhǔn)備的），able（有能力的），sure（一定），certain（一定）等常接不定式。
Lei Feng is always ready to help others.
He is sure to get to school on time.
Ⅱ副詞
一、副詞的分類
副詞按詞匯意義可分為：
方式副詞：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly
程度副詞：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quite
地點(diǎn)副詞：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home
時間副詞：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still
頻度副詞：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never
否定副詞：no，not，neither，nor
疑問副詞：where，how，why
其他：also，too，only
二、副詞的基本用法：
1).副詞是用來修飾形容詞、其他副詞,一般放在被修飾詞之前.
He plays the piano very well .
2). 副詞是用來修飾動詞,常放在動詞之后.
He got up quickly
3).enough 修飾adj /adv 時,放在其后.
He is old enough to go to school .
三、常見副詞用法辨析
1.already與yet的區(qū)別
already用于肯定句句中，表示“已經(jīng)”；yet用于否定句句末，表示“還”，用于疑問句句末，表示“已經(jīng)”
He had_____left when I called.
　Have you found your ruler______？
2 very，much和very much.的區(qū)別
very用于修飾形容詞或副詞的原級；much用于修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級；修飾動詞要用very much.
John is ____ honest.
This garden is_____ bigger than that one.
Thank you _____.
3.so與such的區(qū)別
⑴so修飾形容詞或副詞；such 修飾名詞，My brotherruns so fast that I can’t follow him.
He is such a boy.
⑵so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)
such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)
such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞
He is ___ clever a boy.=He is ____ a clever boy.
It is____cold weather.
They are _____good students.　　
⑶名詞前有many ,much, few ,little (少量的) 用so 不用such .(多多少少仍用so)
但little 表示 “小的” 用such.
There are ___ little sheep on the hill .
4.also，too，as well與either 的區(qū)別
also，as well，too，用于肯定句，also常用于be動詞，情態(tài)動詞，助動詞之后，行為動詞之前；as well，too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。
例如，My father is a teacher. My mother is ____a teacher.
=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher ______.
=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher，_____.
I can’t speak French…… Jenny can’t speak French，_____.
5.sometime，sometimes，some time與some times的區(qū)別
sometime：表示將來的或過去的某一個不確定的時間。
sometimes：有時，不時的= at times
some time：一段時間
some times：幾次，幾倍
We’ll have a test ______next month.
_____ we are busy and sometimes we are not.
He stayed in Beijing for _____ last year.
I have been to Beijing ______.
6.ago與before的區(qū)別
ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的“以前”，常與一般過去時連用，不可以單獨(dú)使用。
before指過去或?qū)淼哪硶r刻“以前”，也可泛指以前，常和完成時連用，可以單獨(dú)使用。
I saw him ten minutes _______.
He told me that he had seen the film______.
7.now，just與just now的區(qū)別
now：與一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、現(xiàn)在完成時連用，意為“現(xiàn)在”
just：與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，表示“剛……”
just now：和過去時連用，表示“剛才”
Where does he live______？
We have _______ seen the film.
He was here______.
8.lonely / alone 的區(qū)別
1).alone 獨(dú)自一人/沒有同伴, 既可作adj 也可作adv.
2).lonely 表示孤獨(dú),寂寞, 也可修飾地點(diǎn),表示荒涼,偏僻的，常與feel 連用。
3).alone 只作表語 (以a開頭的形容詞一般只作表語,不作定語)而lonely 既可作表語,也可作定語)
He lives _____ on a _____ island .
He is _____ ,but he doesn’t feel ______.
9.fast /quickly /soon 的區(qū)別.
fast 表示速度之快 quickly表示動作之快 soon表示時間之快
I’m leaving home this afternoon . Really ? Why so ______?
A.fast B.soon C.quickly D.early
Ⅲ、形容詞，副詞的比較級、最高級
一、規(guī)則變化
1.一般在詞尾直接加er或est， tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest
2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞在詞尾直接加r或st， nice-nicer-nicest
3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，把y變?yōu)閕，再加er或est， heavy-heavier-heaviest
4.重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫這個輔音字母，再加er或est， big-bigger-biggest
注: 大,紅,濕,熱,悲,瘦,胖.雙寫末輔再變級.（big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat ）
5.部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞分別在原級前加more構(gòu)成比較級和most構(gòu)成最高級， beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
注:表示否定意義在其前加less /least
important----less important----least important
English is more interesting than Chinese =Chinese is less interesting than English .
6.由 “形容詞+ly”構(gòu)成的副詞,在其前加more/ most
slowly---more slowly----most slowly；但early—earlier---earliest
二、不規(guī)則變化
原級 比較級 最高級
good/well better best
many/much more most
little less least
old old / elder old /eldest
bad/badly/ill worse worst
far farther (距離)/further（程度） farthest /furthest
下列單、雙音節(jié)詞只能加more和most
原級 比較級 最高級
like(想似的) more like most like
real(真的) more real most real
tired more tired most tired
pleased more pleased most pleased
often more often most often
注: 形容詞,副詞同形有: back , high , well ,fast, early, late ,straight

Ⅳ形容詞，副詞等級的用法
一、原級的用法
1.只能修飾原級的詞，very，quite，so，too
He is too tired to walk on.
My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him.　　
2.原級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)
（1）A= B-----A+ as +adj / adv的原級+ as +B
表示 “A和B一樣”
Tom is as old as Kate.
Tom runs as fast as Mike.
（2）A＜B---A +not+as/so+形容詞原級+as+B 表示 “A不如B…”
This room is not as/so big as that one.
He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.
二、比較級的用法
1.可以修飾比較級的詞.
much，a lot，far，…的多a little，a bit，…一點(diǎn)兒even甚至，still仍然
Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two. Tom looks even younger than before.　　
2.比較級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)
“甲+形容詞/副詞的比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”
Tom is taller than Kate.
I got up earlier than my mother this morning.
三.最高級的用法
1).結(jié)構(gòu): the +最高級+ of +人或物( in +地點(diǎn))
He is the tallest of all the boys
He works hardest in his class .
注:副詞的最高級前the 可省掉
2).the +序數(shù)詞+形容詞的最高級+單數(shù)名詞
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China .
3).one of +the +形容詞的最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞
He is one of the cleverest students in our class.
4). “特殊疑問詞+be+the+最高級+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較。
Which season do you like （the） best，spring，summer or autumn？
四.級別的轉(zhuǎn)換
1).原級與比較級的轉(zhuǎn)換
a). 倍數(shù)+ as …as → (倍數(shù)-1)+比較級+than
This room is five times as big as that one =This room is___ ___bigger than that one .
b).not as…as 與比較級的轉(zhuǎn)換
A +not as …as + B → A+比較級(反義詞的比較級) +than +B →B+比較級+than+A
Mary is not as old as Tom .= Mary is _____ _____ Tom.
= Tom is ____ _____ Mary .
This book is not as expensive as that one = This book is _____ _____ than that one = That book is _____ ______than this one .
2).比較級與最高級的轉(zhuǎn)換
a). the +最高級+ of / in ……
b). 比較級+than+any other +單數(shù)名詞
+the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞
+anyone else
+any of the other+復(fù)名
c). Nobody else + 比較級 + than ……
Tom is the tallest boy in our class .
Tom is taller than ____ ____ boy in our class.
Tom is taller than _____ ____ in our class.
_____ _____ is taller than Tom in our class.
五.級別的慣用法
1. “比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……”。
He is getting taller and taller.
2. “the+比較級，the+比較級”表示“越……，越……”。
The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.
3.“甲+be+the+形容詞比較級+of the two+……”表示“甲是兩者中較……的”。
(of the twins/parents…)
Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.
4.當(dāng)adj 的最高級前有物主代詞,名詞所有格,指示代詞時,不用the .
This is my best book of all.
5.相比較的前后兩部分必須是同類比較.
My pencil is longer than ______(you).
6.比較時不能與自身相比
注: 當(dāng)相比較的兩者屬于同一范圍/類別時,為了與自身相比較, 要用any other +單數(shù)名詞. 若兩者不屬于同一范圍/類別時,不必用other ,直接用any + 單數(shù)名詞.
He is taller than _____ boy in his class.
He is taller than _____boy in our class .
A.any B.any other
7.有些含有比較級的句子里，常用that(單數(shù)、不可數(shù)名詞)、those (復(fù)數(shù)名詞)代替前面提到的詞，以避免重復(fù)。
The weather in Beijing is colder than ____ in Guangzhou in winter .
The boys in our class are more than _____ in your class .

中考考點(diǎn) 八、動詞時態(tài)
一、一般現(xiàn)在時：
1.概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。也可表客觀規(guī)律以及在時間，條件狀語從句中表將來時（主將從現(xiàn)）
2.時間狀語：
always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：
①be動詞；am/is/are ②行為動詞 :動詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)。
4.否定形式：
①am/is/are+not;② don’t /doesn’t +動詞原形+……
5.一般疑問句：
①把be動詞放于句首；② Do/Does +…+動詞原形+…?
二、一般過去時：
1.概念：
過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為。
2.時間狀語：
ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, this morning
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：
①be動詞；was/were …
②行為動詞 :動詞的過去式
4.否定形式：
①was/were+not;② didn’t +動詞原形
5.一般疑問句：
①was或were放于句首；② Did +…+動詞原形……?
三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：
1.概念：
表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進(jìn)行的動作及行為。
2.時間狀語：
now, at this time, these days, look,listen ,can you see? Can’t you see ?之類的暗示語。
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)： am/is/are+doing
4.否定形式： am/is/are+not+doing.
5.一般疑問句： Is /Are …+doing sth ?
四、過去進(jìn)行時：
1.概念：
表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動作。
2.時間狀語：
at this/that time yesterday, at that time ,at sixyesterday evening ,from eight o’clock to nine o’clock last night 或以when/while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語(過去進(jìn)行時+when+一般過去時/ 一般過去時+while +過去進(jìn)行時/過去進(jìn)行時+while +過去進(jìn)行時)。
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)： was/were+doing
4.否定形式： was/were + not + doing.
5.一般疑問句： 把was或were放于句首。
五、現(xiàn)在完成時：
1.概念：
過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。
2.時間狀語：
recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, already ,yet ,never ,ever, just, before, so far ,once, twice etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)： have/has + done
4.否定形式： have/has + not +done.
5.一般疑問句： 把have或has放于句首。
6.反義疑問句： 直接用has /have 進(jìn)行反問
7.注意：
1).have been to /have gone to /have been in 的區(qū)別
have been to +地點(diǎn) 表示曾經(jīng)去過某地，現(xiàn)人已返回。(once ,twice ….)
have gone to +地點(diǎn) 表示人已去了某地，人還未返回。(where is sb ?)
have been in +地點(diǎn) 表示在某地呆多長時間。（for…../ since …..）
2).與時間段連用時，短暫性動詞應(yīng)改為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞。
Come/go to ------ be at /in leave ----be away from buy ----have borrow /lend -----keep open ---be open close---be closed die---dead start/begin ----be on join—--be in /be a member of /be a soldier become –be make friend ---be friend get up ---be up
fall asleep ---be asleep catch a cold – have a cold reach/get/arrive---stay/be
3).現(xiàn)在完成時的四種句型：
A).主語+短暫性動詞的過去式+ 時間+ago
B).主語+have/has +延續(xù)性動詞的過去分詞+for…./since …. ago .
C).It’s +時間段+since +短暫性動詞的過去式
D).時間段+has passed +since +短暫性動詞的過去式
His grandfather died two years ago .
His grandfather has ____ ____ for two years.
_____two years _____ his grandfather ____.
Two years ____ ____ ____ his grandfather _____.
4).現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別
現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)的時態(tài)，他側(cè)重于過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響。而一般過去時側(cè)重于表示過去的動作與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)，若詢問該動作發(fā)生的具體的時間時，只能用一般現(xiàn)在時。
Has he returned the library book ? Yes, he has.
When ____ he _____(return) it ?He ____ (return)it yesterday afternoon .
六、過去完成時：
1.概念：
以過去某個時間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動作或行為，或在過去某動作之前完成的行為，即“過去的過去”。



2.時間狀語：
1).before+過去時間，by+ 過去時間, by the end of last year(term, month…)
2).by the time +從句（一般過去時），主句（過去完成時）
3).用于由when ,after , before 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中，前后兩動作都發(fā)生在過去。
過去完成時+when/before +一般過去時
一般過去時+after +過去完成時
4).用于賓語從句中。
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：
had + done.
4.否定形式：
had + not + done.
5.一般疑問句：
把had放于句首。
七、一般將來時：
1.概念：
表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。
2.時間狀語：
tomorrow, next day(week, month, year ) ,soon, in+一段時間, by…,the day after tomorrow, this evening ,tonight
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：
1).am/is/are/going to + do；
2).will/shall + do.
3).用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來，動詞come, go ,start,leave ,fly,move ,begin ,get ….
4).當(dāng)主句為一般將來時，由if ,as soon as ,until, when ,before, after, unless 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。
4.否定形式：
①was/were + not; ②在行為動詞前加didn't，同時還原行為動詞。
5.一般疑問句：
①be放于句首；②will/shall提到句首。
八、過去將來時：
1.概念：
立足于過去某一時刻，從過去看將來，常用于賓語從句中。
2.時間狀語：
the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…), by then ,
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：
①was/were/going to + do；
②would/should + do.
4.否定形式：
①was/were/not + going to + do;
②would/should + not + do.
5.一般疑問句：
①was或were放于句首；
②would/should 提到句首。



中考考點(diǎn) 九、被動語態(tài)
一．被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)：
1.一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：
am /is/ are +動詞的過去分詞
2.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：
was /were +動詞的過去分詞
3.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：
will be +動詞的過去分詞
4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)：
am /is /are +being +動詞的過去分詞
5.現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：
have /has +been +動詞的過去分詞
6.情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：
情態(tài)動詞 + be +動詞的過去分詞
二．主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的變法：
口訣：賓變主，主變賓，謂變be done ,時不變，數(shù)格必須隨被變。
注：1.主動、被動的時態(tài)要一致。
2.主動、被動的句式要一致。
3.變成的被動語態(tài)的主語與謂語在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致。
三．特殊情況的被動語態(tài)：
1.帶雙賓語的被動語態(tài)：
動詞+ sb(間賓) +sth(直賓)
口訣：如遇雙賓語，一般變間賓，若把直賓變，to /for 間賓連。
1).give/pass /show 與介詞to 搭配。
give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb .
2).buy/make/cook 與介詞for 搭配。
buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb
He gave me a book
I ______ ______ a book by him.
A book ____ ____ _____ me by him .
My mother made me a cake .
I ____ _____ a cake by my mother
A cake ____ ____ ____ me by my mother .
2.帶省to 的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的被動語態(tài)：動詞+ sb + do sth .
口訣：感使動詞真叫怪，to來to去記心懷，主動語態(tài)to離去，被動語態(tài)to回來。
動詞：make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch
make sb do sth ----sb + be +made +to do sth
The boss made the workers work all day
The workers ____ ____ ____ work all day by the boss.
3.在see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth 句型中變被動語態(tài)時，doing 不變。
I heard Tom singing just now
Tom _____ _____ _____ by me just now .
4.以動詞短語作謂語的主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)時，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。
We should take care of the old .
The old should ______ _____ _____ _____ .

四．注意事項(xiàng)：
1.有些及物動詞或動詞短語不能用于被動語態(tài)：
last ,have ,own …..belong to ,suit…fine ,
2.不及物動詞是沒有被動語態(tài)：
happen ,take place ,appear , hold (容納)
3.系動詞是沒有被動語態(tài)：
Look, feel ,sound ,smell ,taste ….
The dish tastes good .
4.有些詞組沒有被動語態(tài)：
sell well , write well ,ride well ,drive well
This kind of skirt sells well.
5.need表示需要時，后面常接doing 形式表示被動意義，相當(dāng)于to be done .
All the computers need repairing .=
All the computers need _____ _____ _____ .
6.在too…to…及enough to …結(jié)構(gòu)中有時表示被動意義。
The problem is too difficult to solve.

中考考點(diǎn) 十、情態(tài)動詞
一．情態(tài)動詞的用法
1. can 用法
1）表示能力，與be able to同義，但can只用于現(xiàn)在時和過去時，be able to可用于各種時態(tài)。
Two eyes can see more than one.
注：Can you … ? Yes, I can / No,I can’t.
2).表示允許、請求
用could比can 語氣更加委婉客氣，常用于could I /you …..?句型中，若表示同意時，用can回答而不用could .
Could I borrow the book ? No, you can’t .
3）。表示推測 “可能”常用于否定句或疑問句中。（can’t表示一定不是）
It can’t be true .
Can it be true ?
2. may 用法
1）表允許，請求= can
表示許可或征求對方的許可，常于第一人稱連用。
注：May I ….? Yes ,you may No, you can’t / mustn’t .
在回答以may引起的問句時，多避免用這個詞，而用其它方式，如Yes, please. / Certainly.
2）表推測，可能、也許。常用于肯定句中。
Maybe he knows the news .=
He _____ _____ the news.
3. must
1）表示義務(wù)。意為“必須”（主觀意志）。
We must do everything step by step.
注：Must I ….? Yes, you must / No,you needn’t(don’t have to ).
--Must we hand in our exercise—books now?
--No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to.
2）mustn’t 表禁止、不允許。
You mustn’t talk to her like that.
3）表示揣測。意為“想必、準(zhǔn)是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。否定、疑問句中must改為can .
He must be ill. He looks so pale.
She’s wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of money.
注：must表推測時，其反義疑問句與must后面的動詞一致。
There must be something wrong ,____ ____?
4.need的用法
need既可用作情態(tài)動詞，也可用作實(shí)義動詞。用作情態(tài)動詞時，主要否定句或疑問句中。用作實(shí)義動詞時，可用于各種句式。
1).用作情態(tài)動詞，用于否定句和疑問句中。
a).Need I ….? Yes , you must / No, you needn’t .
Need we finish the work today ?Yes you __?
A.need B.can C. may D.must
b).need + do sth . 變否定句：needn’t do sth
變疑問句：Need sb do sth ?
2).用作實(shí)義動詞
a).need + to do sth . We need _______(buy) some school things .
變否定句：don’t /doesn’t /didn’t +need to do sth .
變疑問句：Do / Does /Did sb + need to sth ?
Yes , … do/ does / did No, sb don’t / doesn’t /didn’t .
You don’t need to do it yourself.
b).當(dāng)主語是物時。Sth + need + doing sth = Sth +need to be done .
The table needs painting . =The table needs _____ _____ _____ .
5.had better 的用法
1). had better + 動詞原形 = It’s best to do sth .
You had better ______ (stay )at home . = _____ ______ ______ stay at home .
2). Had better not +動詞原形
We had better ________(not play ) the computer games .
6.must 與have to
1).一般情況下，兩者可互換。 must = have to
2).must “必須，應(yīng)該”表示說話人的主觀看法，即說話人認(rèn)為必須干某事。（內(nèi)在原因）
have to “必須，不得不”強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要，即外界因素迫使某人不得不干某事。（外界原因）
I can’t stop playing the computer games . For your health ,I’m afraid you ______.
A.can B.may C.must D.had to
二．情態(tài)動詞后跟完成式和進(jìn)行式的用法
1.情態(tài)動詞后跟完成式，表“原本應(yīng)該干某事，而實(shí)際上沒干”
I should have finished the work earlier.
He isn’t here. He must have missed the train.
2. 情態(tài)動詞后跟進(jìn)行式，表示“想必正在……”，“可能正在……”，“應(yīng)當(dāng)正在”等意。
It’s twelve o’clock. They must be having lunch.
They may be discussing this problem.
He can’t be telling the truth.
She shouldn’t be working like that. She’s still so weak.
三．情態(tài)動詞的同義轉(zhuǎn)換.
1.can = be able to
2.must = have to
3.needn’t = don’t have to
4.need do sth = need to do sth .

中考考點(diǎn) 十一、非謂語動詞
一、動詞不定式
1.動詞不定式作賓語。
1)在動詞want ,hope,would like,decide,wish,
choose,try ,need等后常用動詞不定式作賓語。
I hope ______(hear)from you soon .
2)think/find /feel /make it + adj + to do sth
He found it difficult _______(get) to sleep.
3).stop to do sth / stop doing sth
stop to do sth 停下來去做某事 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事。
After working for a long time , He has to stop _______(have ) a rest .
He was very tired , so he had to stop ______(work).
2.動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)。
1).帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動詞有：ask / like /would like /teach /tell /want /help +sb +to do sth
Please ask him _________(come) quickly.
2).省掉to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動詞有：let /make / hear /see /notice /have/watch+sb +do sth
注：省掉to的不定式的句子變被動語態(tài)時，需要還原to .
He made the baby _______(stop) crying .
The baby was made ______ _____ crying.
3.動詞不定式作主語
1).動詞不定式?？捎米骶渥拥闹髡Z時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。
2).常用it作形式主語，而將不定式放在句子后面。
To do sth +謂語動詞+adj /n =
It +謂語動詞+adj / n + to do sth
To get an injection is a little painful .
_____ a little painful ____ ____ an injection
4.動詞不定式作定語
動詞不定式作定語放在被修飾詞之后
名詞或代詞+to do(介詞)
注：若構(gòu)成的不定式的動詞為不及物動詞時，其后加上相應(yīng)的介詞。
I want a pen to write ______.
I want a piece of paper to write ______.
5.動詞不定式與疑問詞連用
疑問詞+ to do sth
注：在賓語從句中，若主從句的主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+to do sth”.
Can you tell me how I can get to the hospital ?
Can you tell me _____ ____ ____ the hospital.
6.動詞不定式可作狀語
1).動詞不定式可作目的狀語
在come / go / leave 后面接動詞不定式作目的狀語。
He came here ______(get)his book.
2).動詞不定式可作原因狀語
表語形容詞（sorry/sad/happy/ glad /afraid/ pleased）后與動詞不定式連用作原因狀語
He was glad _______(see) his wife.
3).動詞不定式可作結(jié)果狀語
在too…to …, not …enough to …句型中的動詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語。
He was too tired _______(walk) on .
7.動詞不定式作表語
be + to do sth
注：動詞不定式作表語可以和主語的位置互換，且常表將來。
Her wish is _______(become) a doctor .
_____ _____ is her wish .
8.動詞不定式的否定形式
在動詞不定式的前面加not .
He told me _______(not stay) here .
9.動詞不定式符號的省略和保留情況。
1).動詞不定式符號的省略情況
若兩個或兩個以上的不定式并列時，第一個不定式符號不能省略，其余的省掉to .但兩者有對比關(guān)系時，to都不能省略。
Edison’s mother taught him to write and read .
I haven’t decided to go home or to go to the cinema.
2)省掉不定式而保留動詞不定式符號to的情況。
Will you take a walk with me ? I’m glad to .
Would you like to join my birthday party ?
I would love to .
二、動名詞
1.動名詞相當(dāng)于一個名詞，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
Reading in bed ______(be) bad for your eyes.
2.有些動詞或動詞短語后面，只能接動名詞作賓語。
三、現(xiàn)在分詞
1.現(xiàn)在分詞常放在see, hear ,watch ,notice 等之后作賓補(bǔ)。
I saw the boy____(play)in the street just now .
2.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語常放在被修飾詞之前，現(xiàn)在分詞短語要放在被修飾詞的后面，相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。
A sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping .
Did you know the man talking to Mr Li?=
Did you know the man who was talking to Mr Li?
3.現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨情況
He came into the classroom ,carrying a book.
四、過去分詞
1.作賓補(bǔ)
have /get +sth +done 表示請別人干某事
I had my TV repaired last night .
2.作定語
單一的過去分詞作定語，要放在被修飾詞的前面，過去分詞短語作定語要放在被修飾詞的后面，相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。
Have you ever read any books written by Luxun?
Have you ever read any books _____ _____ written by Luxun?
3.作表語 過去分詞作表語已經(jīng)形容詞化
My cup is broken .
七年級至九年級的非謂語動詞
一．接動詞不定式 （ to do/ do sth ）
1.like to do sth 2.like sb to do sth 3.Let’s (not ) do sth 4.want to do sth
5.want sb to do sth 6.love to do sth 7.ask sb (not ) to do sth 8.stop to do sth
9.tell sb (not ) to do sth 10.watch sb do sth 11.It’s time (for sb) to do sth 12.help sb (to ) do sth 13.help do sth 14.make sb do sth 15.decide (not ) to do sth 16.find it +adj + to do sth 17.have to do sth 18.try (not ) to do sth 19.try one’s best to do sth
20.It’s +adj +(for)of +sb + to do sth 21.plan to do sth 22.S.p.+be a good place to do sth
23.It takes sb +some time + to do sth 24.send sb to do sth 25.invite sb to do sth
26.forget to do sth 27.live to be +時間 28.be able to do sth 29.have sth to do
30.seem to do sth 31.get sb /sth to do sth 32.疑問詞+ to do sth 33.need sth to do sth
34.use sth to do sth 35.follow sb to sth 36.need to do sth 37.a good time to do sth
38.the best time to do sth 39.the best way to do sth 40.be the first / last one to do sth
41.would like to do sth 42.be excited /surprised to do sth 43.be useful to do sth
44.be allowed to do sth 45.allow sb to do sth 46.It’s better to do sth 47.It’s best to do sth
48.take care (not) to do sth 49.see sb do sth 50.why not do sth ?51.have enough time to do sth
52.too… to do sth 53.not… enough to do sth 54.encourage sb to do sth 55.choose to sth
56.wait to do sth 57.be happy/glad/pleased to do sth 58.make it +adj + to do sth
59.be careful to do sth 60.be afraid to do sth 61.It’s our duty to do sth 62.used to do sth
63.can’t afford to do sth 64.make a decision to do sth 65.have an opportunity to do sth
66.wait for sb to do sth 67.would do sth rather than do sth 68.would rather do sth than do sth
69.hurry to do sth 70.refuse to do sth 71.agree to do sth 72.pretend to do sth
73.pretend to be doing sth 74.prefer to do sth 75.prefer not to do sth 76.prefer to do sth raher than do sth 77.be willing to do sth 78.volunteer +時間/ 錢 + to do sth 79.volunteer to do sth
80.offer to do sth 81.rush to do sth 82.in order (not ) to do sth 83.be certain to do sth
84.be sure to do sth 85.make plans to do sth 86.go out of their way to do sth 87.lead sb to do sth 88.It’s one’s job to do sth 89.It’s one’s turn to do sth 90.urge sb to do sth
91.Could /Would you please (not) do sth ? 92.be supposed to do sth 93.warn sb to do sth
二、接動名詞 （doing sth ）
1.like doing sth 2.enjoy doing sth 3.have fun doing sth 4.be interested in doing sth
5.Thanks for doing sth 6.look at sb doing sth 7.stop sb doing sth 8.stop sb from doing sth
9.go + v-ing 10.do the (some )+v-ing 11.What/How doing sth ? 12.practice doing sth
13.watch sb doing sth 14.find sb doing sth 15.mind (one’s ) doing sth 16.can’t stand doing sth
17.think about doing sth 18.spend … (in)doing sth 19.finish doing sth 20.be busy doing sth
21.keep doing sth 22.keep sb from doing sth 23.keep sb doing sth 24.be good at doing sth
25.hate doing sth 26.There be +名詞+doing sth 27.make a living by doing sth
28.have a difficult time doing sth 29.feel like doing sth 30.allow doing sth 31.see sb doing sth
32.by doing sth 33.end up doing sth 34.do a survey about doing sth 35.be afraid of doing sth
36.be used to doing sth 37.be terrified of doing sth 38.give up doing sth
39.instead of doing sth 40.have nothing against doing sth 41.be serious about doing sth
42.have a chance of doing sth 43.before/ when /while +doing sth 44.start doing sth
45.have a lot of experience doing sth 46.prefer doing sth 47.consider doing sth
48.dream of / about doing sth 49.continue doing sth 50.put off doing sth
51.be used for doing sth =be used to do sth 52.prefer doing sth to doing sth 53.without doing sth
54.be comfortable doing sth 55.can’t stop/help doing sth 56.look forward to doing sth
57.be against doing sth 58.have trouble/problems/difficulty (in) doing sth 59.suggest doing sth
60.be busy doing sth 61.be worth doing sth

第二部分：句法
中考考點(diǎn) 十二、主謂一致
一．就近原則
1. 由并列結(jié)構(gòu)或連詞（either…or， neither…nor，not…but， not only…but also， or等）連接的并列主語，謂語動詞與較近的那個名詞或代詞保持一致。
Neither his parents nor Tom_____(be) at home.　
2. 在倒裝句和there be句型中，謂語動詞與后面的第一個主語保持一致。
There _____(be) a book and some pens on the desk.
There ______(come) the bus.
3. 在定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞作主語，其謂語動詞應(yīng)與它所指代的先行詞保持一致。
I know the man who_____(be) talking to my father.
4. 在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，連接代詞又在句中作主語，這時它應(yīng)與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語保持一致。
　It is Mary’s brother who_____(be) injured in the car accident yesterday.　　
二．意義一致原則
1. 當(dāng)主語與謂語動詞之間插入along with，with，as well as，together with， besides，except， but， including等短語時 ，謂語動詞與第一個主語保持一致。
I along with my sister_____(be) going to Shanghai next month.
2. 由“what”引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)形式。
　What I want to say _____(be) just “ Take care!”.
3. “…+ (of) +名詞”作主語時，若“of”后的名詞為單數(shù)（不可數(shù)名詞），則謂語動詞用單數(shù)，如果名詞為復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
Most of the water here ______(be) clean.
80% cotton ______have) been sent to America.80%
Half of the apples ______(be) red.
6. 詞組“a number of”作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)；“the number of”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
A number of ancient buildings _____ (be) destroyed in the war.
The number of the visitors _____ (have) decreased this year.
7. 英語的集體名詞（family, public, group, team, class等詞），指代“整體”時為單數(shù)；指代“其中的各成員”則為復(fù)數(shù)。
My family ____(be) very poor when I was a little girl　　
My family ______(be) all looking forward for your coming.
三．整體原則
1. 從句、不定式、動名詞等作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
When to leave _____(be) not been decided.
Watching TV too much _____(be) bad for your eyes.　　
注：如果主語是兩個(或兩個以上)的名詞性從句，謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)。
What he said and what he did _____(be) always different last night .
2. 如果兩個以上的名詞組成一個整體概念作主語時，謂語動詞須用單數(shù)。
The novelist and poet _____(be) going to Europe next year.
The novelist and the poet_____(be) going to Europe next year.
3. 表示時間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時，通常被視作整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
10 minutes is enough.
4.加減乘除等數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)。
2 and 3 ______5.
5.“the +姓氏名詞的復(fù)數(shù)”表示“一家人、….夫婦”，作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
The Blacks ______(enjoy) working in China.
四．個體原則
1. every +….and every +…..或each+…and each +…作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。
Every man and every woman _____(be) busy at working.
2. 英語句中的each， either， neither等詞，作代詞充當(dāng)主語，修飾名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
Neither of us _____(have) been abroad. Neither answer _____(be) wrong .
3. 由some, any every, no構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞（somebody，nobody，everything，anything等）作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
Somebody ______(be)waiting for you at the school gate.
4. 成雙成對出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞（glasses，shoes，trousers，pants，gloves等）作主語時，通常謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，但前面有a /the pair of；a /the suit of等詞語時，則謂語動詞要與量詞（pair, suit, piece ）在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致。
A pair of scissors_______(be) useful tool for a dressmaker.
Two pieces of paper ______(be ) on the desk .
5. 以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，卻表示單數(shù)意義（maths, physics, news …）謂語用單數(shù)。
　Maths_____(be) my favorite subject.
6.“the +形容詞（old /young /rich /poor ）”表示“一類人”，作主語時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。
The young ______(like) listening to popular songs .
7.“the +姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)” 表示“某某夫婦，某某一家人”，作主語時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。
The Greens _______(be)having lunch now.

中考考點(diǎn) 十三、倒裝句
1. 當(dāng)句首為副詞here ，there 且主語為名詞時，應(yīng)用完全倒裝。
Here comes the bus !.
There goes the bell. !
2. only 修飾時間、地點(diǎn)、方式等狀語時，應(yīng)用部分倒裝。
Only in this way can we solve the problem.
Only when you told me did I know her name.
注意：如果 only 修飾的不是狀語，則句子不倒裝。
Only Uncle Li knows how it happened.
3. 表示對前者的陳述也適用后者時，肯定倒裝用“ so + 助動詞／情態(tài)動詞 + 后者”，前句事否定，而后面的人也不怎么樣時用“ neither / nor + 助動詞 / 情態(tài)動詞 + sb”。
He can speak English，so can I.
If she doesn’t go there tomorrow，neither / nor will I.
注意
1）“ so + 助動詞 / 情態(tài)動詞 + 主語” 表示前者的主語和后者的主語的情況一樣，所談到的是兩個人，意為“……也是這樣”；
2）“ so + 主語 + 助動詞 / 情態(tài)動詞”表示前者和后者所指同一人時，說話者表示同意前者的觀點(diǎn)，意為“的確如此”。
— Li Lei likes sports.
— So he does and so do I.
4. 由 not only …… but also …… 引起的并列句，若將 not only 置于句首時，該分句應(yīng)部分倒裝， but also 引導(dǎo)的分句不倒裝。
Not only did he give me some advice，but also he lent me some money.
5.“ no matter +疑問詞+從句” 或 “疑問詞+ever+從句”
注：從句應(yīng)用陳述句語序，時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時。
However hard the problem is，I must work it out.

中考考點(diǎn) 十四、感嘆句
一、結(jié)構(gòu)：
What/ How +被感嘆的部分+ 主語+ 謂語！
What beautiful flowers they are !
二、變法：
一斷， 二加 ，三調(diào)位。
一斷表示在謂語動詞的后面斷開，二加表示在斷開的兩部分中間加what 或how ,三調(diào)位表示前后兩部分對調(diào)位置。
They had a good time yesterday .
一斷：They had / a good time yesterday .
二加：They had（what）a good time yesterday .
三調(diào)位：What a good time they had yesterday.
三、what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句：
1.what + a / an +adj + 單數(shù)名詞 （+主語+ 謂語）！
_______ a clever boy he is !
2.what + adj + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 （+主語+ 謂語）！
_______ heavy boxes they are !
3.what + adj + 不可數(shù)名詞（+主語+ 謂語）！
_______ bad weather !
四、how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句：
1.How + adj / adv + 主語+ 謂語！
_________ hard they are working !
2.How + adj + a / an + 單數(shù)名詞（+主語+ 謂語）！
How tall a boy he is !
3.How + adj / adv + the + 名詞+ 謂語！
________ heavily the rain is falling!
五、what 與how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換：
1.What a beautiful girl she is !=
______ beautiful the girl is !
2.How delicious the food is !=
______ delicious food it is !
六、幾個常見的感嘆句：
1.______ great fun it is !
2.______ important information !
3.______ good news !
4.______ good advice / music !
5.______ a heavy rain !
6.______a strong wind !
七、感嘆句中常見的不可數(shù)名詞：
food , work , weather , fun , music , information , news , advice ,

中考考點(diǎn) 十五、反意疑問句
一、結(jié)構(gòu)：
陳述句 + 附加疑問句？
It’s hot today ,isn’t it ?
二、原則：
1.前肯后否，前否后肯
2.前名后代
3.時態(tài)一致
三、變法：
一疑、二否、三連、四省、五轉(zhuǎn)換(名變代)。
四、特殊的附加疑問句：
1.I’m …… , aren’t I ?
I’m right , ______ ______ ?
2.There be …… , ______ there ?
There will be fewer buses in the future ,____ ______?
3.句中有反義詞的句子的反意疑問句，仍把它作為肯定形式。
He is unhappy , _____ ______ ?
4.Let’s 的反意疑問句為 shall we ?
Let’s go to the movie together ,_____ _____ ?
5.祈使句的反意疑問句為 will you ?
Don’t miss it ,_____ _____ ?
6.若陳述句部分含有never , few , little , hardly ,no ,seldom ,nobody ,nothing …否定詞、半否定詞時，附加疑問句用肯定形式。
He can hardly understand it , _____ ______ ?
7.陳述句的主語為不定代詞時：
1).主語為指人的不定代詞時，附加疑問句的主語用he / they .
No one was hurt , ______ _______ ?
2).主語為指物的不定代詞時，附加疑問句的主語用 it.
Nothing is serious , _______ _______ ?
8.表推測的情態(tài)動詞的附加疑問句，其附加疑問句與情態(tài)動詞后的動詞一致。
He must be at school , ______ ______ ?
9.陳述句的主語是this , that , these , those 時，附加疑問句的主語分別為 it , they .
This is a new computer , ______ ______ ?
Those aren’t banana tees , ______ _______ ?
10.當(dāng)陳述句是主從復(fù)合句時， 其附加疑問句應(yīng)與主句保持一致。若主句為I think / believe /suppose /imagine /expect 時，其附加疑問句應(yīng)與從句保持一致。
He said that he would leave here tomorrow , _______ _______ ?
I don’t think you can do these exercises alone , _______ _______ ?
11.陳述句中有has / have / had 時，一定要注意。
1).若句中是 has to / have to / had to ,表 “不得不” 附加疑問句的謂語用doesn’t / don’t / didn’t 進(jìn)行反問.
They had to leave early , ______ ______ ?
2).若句中是has / have / had 表“有 ”， 其附加疑問句的謂語用do/ does / did 進(jìn)行反問。
He has few friends in the new school , ______ ______?
3).若句中是has/ have / had +過去分詞時，其反義疑問句的謂語用has/have/had進(jìn)行反問。
He has never been to Beijing , _____ _____?
She had studied a few English songs by the end of last month. ,______ ______?
五、反義疑問句的回答：
反義疑問句的回答要根據(jù)事實(shí)作答，若事實(shí)是肯定的，就用yes , +肯定形式。若事實(shí)是否定的，就用No, +否定形式。
注意：在前否后肯的句子中，yes表示“不”而No表示“是的”。
She didn’t come to school yesterday, did she ?
_________, though she was not feeling well.
A.No, she didn’t B.No , she did C.Yes , she didn’t D.Yes , she did

中考考點(diǎn) 十六、狀語從句
一、引導(dǎo)詞的選擇：
1.時間狀語從句
1).由when 、 while、as（當(dāng)……時候）引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。
When jack got home , his mother was cooking .
2).由after/ before (在….之后/ 前)引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。
The football match played after school was over .
3).由as soon as (一…..就……)引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。
I’ll ring you as soon as I reach Beijing .
4).由not….until（直到…..才…..）引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。
They didn’t stop until they finished the work .
2.原因狀語從句
由because 、since 、as（因?yàn)?、既然、由于）引?dǎo)的原因狀語從句。
Since you have known about that , please tell us what to do .
3.地點(diǎn)狀語從句
由wherever（無論在哪兒） 引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句。
Wherever he goes , he always brings his pet dog .
4.目的狀語從句
由so that (以便、為的是)引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。
He got up very early so that he could catch the early bus .
5.條件狀語從句
由if或unless 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。
I won’t go to his party unless I am invited .
6.比較狀語從句
由than、 as…as、not as……as 引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句。
There are more students in our class than in theirs .
7.讓步狀語從句
由though 、even though/ if 、although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。
Although he didn’t pass the exam ,his father didn’t get angry with him .
8.方式狀語從句
由as if (好像)引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。
He talked about that as if he knew everything .
9.結(jié)果狀語從句
由so…that…、such….that…（如此…..以致于…）引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。
It was raining so hard that we couldn’t see the road .
二、狀語從句與主句的時態(tài)問題
1.時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句與主句的時態(tài)不一致。（主句用將來時，而時間、條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時）
If it ________(not rain) tomorrow ,we______(go) to climb the hill .
He ________ (become) a sodier when he ______(grow) up .
2.since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。 It is + 時間+ since + 一般過去時
It_____(be) ten years since we ________(leave) that city .
3.由when、while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的時態(tài)：
主句（過去進(jìn)行時）+when +從句（一般過去時）
主句（一般過去時）+when +從句（過去進(jìn)行時）
主句（一般過去時）+while +從句（過去進(jìn)行時）
主句（過去進(jìn)行時）+while +從句（過去進(jìn)行時）
注意：看動詞為短暫性動詞用一般過去時，動詞為延續(xù)性動詞則用過去進(jìn)行時。
Mother _______(cook)supper when I ______(get)home yesterday.
Last Sunday I_______(meet)Lin Hong when I _______(walk)in the street .
While Han Meimei _______(sweep)the floor , Lucy _______(carry) water.
When the students ________(have)a meeting, the teacher _______(come) in .
4.由when、after、before、by the time引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的時態(tài)：
主、從句的謂語動作都以完成，則先發(fā)生的動作用過去完成時，后發(fā)生的動作用一般過去時。
When they _______(get) to the cinema last light , the film ________(start) .
I _________(go) out with my friends after I _______(finish) all the homework last night .

中考考點(diǎn) 十七、賓語從句
一、直接引語變間接引語
1.人稱的變化：一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新。
1). “一隨主”指若直接引語中的主語為第一人稱時,變間接引語時應(yīng)與主句的主語人稱一致.
She said “I like playing basketball”.
She said that _____ _____ playing basketball .
2). “二隨賓”指若直接賓語中的主語為第二人稱時,變間接賓語時應(yīng)與主句的賓語人稱一致.
She asked Tom “Can I have a look at your picture”.
She asked Tom if ______ could have a look at ______ picture .
3). “第三人稱不更新”指若直接賓語中的主語為第三人稱時,變間接賓語時人稱保持不變.
She said to me “They want to help me”.
She told me that _____ _____ to help me .
2.指示代詞，時間、地點(diǎn)狀語的變化
直接引語 間接引語
指示代詞 this that that those
時間狀語 now then today that day
this morning that morning
three days ago three days before
Last week the week before
tomorrow the next /following day
next year the next year
地點(diǎn)狀語 here there
動詞 come go
二. 賓語從句的考查
賓語從句在句中作及物動詞的賓語，或介詞的賓語，或形容詞的賓語。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類。
1.考查賓語從句的語序：
賓語從句的語序用陳述句語序。即 “主語+謂語+……
Do you know when __________?
A.does the next train leave B.the next train leaves
C.will the next train leave D.the next train will leave
注：若從句時疑問句，但語序不變的有：
1).who在從句中作主語。
Can you tell me _________?(誰將來這兒)
2).what’s wrong / the matter ?
He asked what was the matter with me .
3).what happened
I don’t know what happened yesterday .
4).which is the way to ….?
Can you tell me which is the way to the park ?
2.考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞
1).若賓語從句時陳述句時，引導(dǎo)詞用that 且that 可省掉。
She said “I’m gald to see you” = She said _____ _____ ______ gald to see me .
2).賓語從句時一般疑問句時，引導(dǎo)詞用if 或whether . 一般情況下if /whether 可互換，但后有or not / or 、動詞不定式或介詞的后面時，只能用whether .
He saked me “Are you going to Wuhan ?” = He asked me ______ _____ _____ going to Wuhan.
I’m thinking about ______ to go there .
A.if B.whether C.that
3).賓語從句時特殊疑問句時，引導(dǎo)詞用特殊疑問詞。
Do you know ________? I’m not sure ,Maybe he is a businessman .
A.who he is B.who is he C.what he does D.what does he do
4).若賓語從句時肯定祈使句時，就改為ask /tell sb to do sth .若為否定祈使句，就改為ask /tell sb not to sth .
“Don’t open the door” The teacher said . = The teacher told me _____ ____ ___ the door .
3.賓語從句的時態(tài)
1. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句該用什麼時態(tài)就用什麼時態(tài)。
Can you tell me _________? He is a doctor .
A.what is he B.what he was C.what he is D.what was he
2. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)（一般過去時， 過去進(jìn)行時， 過去將來時，過去完成時）。
He asked ____________.
A.what time it is B.what time is it C.what time it was D.what time was it
He told me that he ______ for the sports meet.
A.is preparing B.was preparing C.will prepare D.has prepared
注：1) 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。
Our teacher said that January_____(be) the first month of the year.
Our teacher said that the earth ___(go) around the sun.
2).若主句為could you …..?表示請求客氣的語氣，從句的時態(tài)仍然不變。
Could you tell me _______?
A.what he was doing B.what was he doing
C.what he is doing D.what is he doing
4.if /when 引導(dǎo)狀語從句和賓語從句這兩種從句。從句的時態(tài)的確定。
if When if/when從句的時態(tài)
條件/時間狀語從句 如果、假如 當(dāng)…的時候 一般現(xiàn)在時
賓語從句 是否 什么時候 一般將來時
Can you guess if they___ to play football with us ? I think they will come if they ____free.
A. come , are B. will come , will be C. will come , are D. come , will be
Can you tell me when he____here tomorrow ? When he _____ here , please call me .
A. comes , comes B. will come , will come C. will come ,comes D. comes, will come
5.賓語從句的簡化：
1).賓語從句是陳述句時，且主、從句的主語一致，可簡化為“動詞+ to do sth”.
I hope I can meet you again .
I hope _____ _____ you again .
2).賓語從句是疑問句時，且主、從句的主語一致，或從句的主語與主句的賓語一致?？珊喕癁椤耙蓡栐~+ to do sth”.
I don’t know what I should do next .
I don’t know ____ ____ _____ next .
Could you tell me how I can get there ?
Could you tell me ____ ____ _____ there ?
John didn’t decide which shirt he would buy .
John didn’t decide _____ ____ _____ _____ .
3).hear / see / find + that + 從句 ，可改為“hear / see / find + sb (要用賓格) + doing sth”.
I heard that they were singing in the next room.=
I heard _____ _____ in the next room .
We found that she was playing with the cat under the tree .
We found _____ _____ with the cat under the tree.

中考考點(diǎn) 十八、定語從句
一、定語從句（一）：
1.定語從句的概念：
在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。
2.先行詞：
被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。
3.關(guān)系詞：
引導(dǎo)定語從句的連詞叫關(guān)系詞。如that、which、who、whom、whose、where、when等。
4.由that、which、who、whom、whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句。
關(guān)系詞 指代 在定語從句中的作用
that 既指人也指物 作主語、賓語
which 指物 作主語、賓語
who 指人 作主語
whom 指人 作賓語
whose 既指人也指物 作定語
二、定語從句（二）
1.先行詞是物時，一般情況既可用that也可用which.但下列情況下，只能用that不用which。
1).當(dāng)先行詞為指物的不定代詞，如all、everything、something、anything、nothing、none、the one等時，只能用that。
There is nothing ______ I can do for you .
2).當(dāng)先行詞被the only、the very 、the last、all、no、little等詞修飾時，只能用that。
This is the very book ______ I’m looking for .
3).先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時，只能用that 。
This is the first nextbook ______ I studied in the middle school .
4).先行詞為最高級或被最高級修飾時，只能用that。
This is the most beautiful mountain ______ I have ever seen .=
I have _____ seen _____ a beautiful mountian .
5).先行詞既有人也有物時，只能that 。
He told us many interesting things and persons _______ we had .
2.先行詞是物時，一般情況既可用that也可用which.但下列情況下，只能用which不用that。
1).關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時，關(guān)系詞只能用which 。
This is the building in ______ he lives .
2).先行詞本身是that時，關(guān)系詞只能用which 。
The clock is that _____ tells the time .
3).引導(dǎo)非限定性的定語從句（先行詞是物且先行詞與關(guān)系詞用逗號隔開），關(guān)系詞用which。
His book , ______ was lost last week , has been found now.
3.先行詞是人時，一般情況下既可用who 也可用that 。但以下情況下，只能用who。
1).當(dāng)先行詞為those、one、ones、anyone且作主語時，一般用who 。
Those ______ are singing are all my classmates .
2).在there be 句型中，先行詞指人時，只能用who。指物時用that。
There is a girl ______ expects to see you .
3).當(dāng)先行詞是I、you、he、they等時，只能用who 。
He ______ plays with fire gets burned .
三、定語從句（三）。
由關(guān)系副詞when、where、why引導(dǎo)的定語從句。
where = in / at +which when = in / on / at +which why = for + which
1.由where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。
1).先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞 2).在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語
Is this the house ______ you lived ?= Is this the house _____ _____ you lived ?
= Is this the house _____ you lived in ?
2.由when引導(dǎo)的定語從句。
1).先行詞是表示時間的名詞 2).在定語從句中作時間狀語
I will never forget the days ______ I met him .= I will never forget the days ____ ____ I met him.
注：先行詞是the last time 時，when 可省略。
When was the last time you saw the parrot ?
3.由why引導(dǎo)的定語從句。
先行詞為reason 時，一般用why 。 why在句中作原因狀語。
We don’t know the reason ______ they didn’t come .
四、注意事項(xiàng)：
1.關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作賓語時，?？墒÷?。
The story _____ he told was very popular .
A.who B.whom C.whose D. /
2.that、who、which在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。
I loves singers who _______(write) their own songs .
She is one of the girls who ______(study) hard .
3.在定語從句中不能出現(xiàn)代替先行詞的人稱代詞。
Will you please show me the book ______ yesterday?
A. which you bought B. that you bought it C. you bought D. you bought it
4.定語從句中whose 的確定：
無論先行詞是人或物，在定語從句中做定語用whose。
判斷：看定語從句的主語前有無限定詞（my、your、Jim’s等），若沒有，則用whose 。
The girl _____ parents work in Beijing is Kate .
A. who B. whose C. which D. that
I know the boy . His handwriting is very good .= I know the boy ____ handwriting is very good.
五、定語從句的簡化
把定語從句簡化為形容詞短語、過去分詞短語、介詞短語、現(xiàn)在分詞短語。
1.She reveived a box which was full of presents .
She reveived a box _____ _____ presents .
2.He likes reading books that was written by Luxun.
He likes reading booking _____ ____ Luxun .
3.I like Chinese tea which has nothing in it .
I like Chinese tea ______ _____ in it .
4.Do you know the girl who is wearing a red dress .
Do you know the girl ______ a red dress .

第三部分：補(bǔ)全對話
考點(diǎn)1.打電話用語：
一、撥電話方的交際用語：
1.Could /May/Can I speak to …,please ? 請找…接電話，好嗎？
2.Who’s that (speaking) ? 你是哪一位呀？
3.This is …(speaking)./This is …h(huán)ere./ …h(huán)ere speaking .我是…….
4.Could you ask him / her to call me back ? 你能讓他、她給我回電話嗎？
5.I’m calling to ask / tell you to … .我打電話給你是想告訴你去…….
6.That’s very kind of you ( to help me ) . 你能幫助我真是太好了。
二、接電話方的交際用語：
1.Hello! 6098724. 你好！這里是6098724.
2.This is …..(speaking). 我就是……
3.Who’s that (speaking )? 請問你是哪位 ？
4.Yes, it is . 是的，我就是。
No, this is ….. 不， 我是……
5.Hold on (for a moment ), please . / One moment ,please . 請稍后，別掛機(jī)。
6.I’m sorry / afraid he’s /she’s out at the moment / right now . 對不起，他/她現(xiàn)在不在。
7.Can I take a message ( for you ) ? 我能替你稍話嗎？
8.I’ll leave a message on his / her desk . 我會在他/她的桌上留個便條。
9.What’s your telephone number ? 你的電話是多少？
10.I’ll give / take her the message . 我會稍信給她的。
考點(diǎn)2.購物用語：
一、營業(yè)員常用的交際用語：
1.Can I help you ? What can I do for you ? 你要買什么？
2.Which would you like ? 你喜歡哪一個？
3.How many / much …. Do you want ? 你要多少？
4.Is that all ? 就買這些嗎？
5.What about this one ? 這件怎么樣？
6.Do you like …. ? 你喜歡……嗎?
7.What color/ size / kind do you like / want ? 你喜歡/想要什么顏色/尺寸/種類的？
8.Which one / color do you like / want ? 你喜歡/想要哪個/哪種顏色？
9.I’m afraid we haven’t got any … In that size at the moment .恐怕我們現(xiàn)在沒有那個尺寸的…
10.I’m sorry , we have sold out the …. In your size . 對不起，你要的尺寸我們已經(jīng)賣完了。
11.Here you are . 給你。
12.No hurry . 別著急。
13.please take your time . 慢慢來。
14.Let me see , twenty yuan, please . 我看一下，20元。
15.You haven’t paid for it yet . 你還沒有付錢。
16.That’s the cheapest / most expensive one we have , I’m afraid . 恐怕這是我們最便宜/最貴的
二、顧客常用的交際用語：
1.I want / would like to buy some ….(for ….). 我想買一些…..
2.I’ll have a look at the …. 我想看看…..
3.Thank you ,that’s all . 謝謝你。就這些吧。
4.I like the color , but it’s/they’re too …. 我喜歡這顏色，但它/ 他們太…..
5.It’s great ,but it’s not …. enough . 不錯，但它不夠…..
6.No, the color is too ….. 不，顏色太…..
7.I prefer ….but this ….is too…. 我喜歡….,但這個….太…..
8.That’s too light 太淺了。
9.Yes, that’s just right . 好的，這個正合適。
10.Have you got any other kind / color /size ? 你有其他種類/ 顏色/ 尺寸的嗎？
11.That looks nice /great . 看起來不錯。
12.Have you got anything cheaper ? 你有更便宜點(diǎn)的嗎？
13.That’s a bit expensive . I’ll think about it . 有點(diǎn)貴，我要考慮一下。
14.How much does it cost ? /How much do they cost ?/How much are these things ? 多少錢。
15.That’s much too expensive .I’m afraid . 恐怕太貴了。
16.That’s (quite) cheap /dear . 這不算貴/ 這相當(dāng)貴。
17.I like it ,but it costs too much . 我喜歡它，但是太貴了。
18.I can’t decide . 我決定不了。
19.That’s fine .I’ll take it / them . 不錯，我買了。
20.Can / May I try them / it on ,please ? 我能試一試嗎？
21.I don’t think I’ll take it . 我覺得不會買。
22.Here is the money . 買單。
考點(diǎn)3問路及應(yīng)答的用語：
一、問路的交際用語：
1.Excuse me ,where’s …….? 勞駕，……在哪兒？
2.How can I get to …….? 我怎么去…….?
3.Which is the way to the ……? 去…..是哪一條路？
4.Can you tell me the way to the ……? 你能告訴我去…..的路嗎？
5.Could you tell me how to get to the ……? 你能告訴我怎樣去…..嗎？
6.Could you tell me how I can get to the …..? 你能告訴我怎樣去….嗎？
7.Which bus can take me to the …… ? 哪路公共汽車可以帶我去……？
8.Which bus can I catch to the …….? 我可以乘幾路公共汽車去……？
9.Which number do I need ? 我需要乘幾路車？
10.Is it far from here ? 離這兒遠(yuǎn)嗎？
11.How far is it ? 有多遠(yuǎn)？
12.Thank you ./ Thank you all the same . 謝謝。
二、指路的交際用語：
1.It’s over there . It’s over there on the left / right .在那兒左邊/右邊
2.It’s next to the …./ in front of the …./ behind the …../outside the ….它在…的旁邊/前面/后面/外邊
3.It’s between …. And …..它在….和…之間。
4.It’s at the end of the street . 在街尾。
5.Walk /Go along/ down the road/ the street , and take the second turning on the left/ right .沿這條路/街，然后在第二個轉(zhuǎn)彎處朝左/右拐。
6.It’s about a hundred meters along on the left / right . 大約在前方100米處左/右。
7.It’s about 4 kilometres away . 大約有4，000米遠(yuǎn)。
8.You had better take / catch a bus . 你最好乘坐公共汽車。
9.Go down this street until you reach the second traffic lights .沿著這條街一直走到第二個交通燈那兒。
10.At the end of the road you’ll see the ….. 至路尾你就會看到……
11.It will take you about half an hour . 大約要花半個小時到那兒。
12.Go across the bridge . 從橋上走過去。
13.Go up this road to the end . 沿著這條路走到盡頭。
14.Turn left / right at the second crossing . 在第二個十字路口朝左/右拐。
15.Take the No.3 bus and it will take you straight there . 乘3路公共汽車，會把你直接帶到那兒
16.The No.72 bus will take you there . 72路公共汽車會把你帶到那兒。
17.You’d better take No.10 bus to the hospital. 你最好乘坐10路公共汽車去醫(yī)院。
18.You can’t miss it . 你不會錯過的。
19.It’s about 15 minutes’ walk . 步行大約15分鐘。
考點(diǎn)4.看病的用語：
一、醫(yī)生常用的交際用語：
1.What’s wrong with you ? What’s the matter ? 你怎么哪？
2.How long have you been like this ? 你像這樣有多久？
3.Have you taken your temperature ? 你量過體溫嗎？
4.Do you sleep very well ? 睡覺好嗎？
5.What do eat for your meals ? 你三餐吃過什么？
6.Have you had anything to eat this morning ? 早晨吃過什么？
7.Have you got/ had a headache / cough ? 你頭痛/咳嗽嗎？
8.Maybe you have caught a bit of a cold ? 也許你有點(diǎn)感冒。
9.There is nothing serious . 不嚴(yán)重。
10.You’d better have more/ less food and take some exercise . 你最好多/少吃食物并且參加一些鍛煉。
11.Take this medicine and stay in bed for a few days . 吃這個藥并臥床休息幾天。
12.Take this medicine every four hours and drink more hot water . 每4小時吃一次這個藥并多喝開水。
13.Do you smoke ? You’d better stop smoking . 你抽煙嗎？ 最好戒煙。
14.You will get better soon . You will be all right /well soon . 你會很快好起來的。
二、病人常用的交際用語：
1.I have got a headache / cough . 我頭痛/咳嗽。
2.I’ve got a pain here . 我這兒痛。
3.I’m not feeling well . I don’t feel very well .I feel terrible . 我感覺不舒服。
4.Is it serious ? 嚴(yán)重嗎？
5.I’ve been like this ever since last night . 我從昨天晚上起一直這樣。
6.There’s something wrong with ….. 我…..不舒服。
7.This place hurts . 這兒疼。
考點(diǎn)5.問候的交際用語：
1.Hello! Hi ! 2.Good morning/ afternoon / evening 3.How do you do !
4.How are you ? Fine ,thank you .And you ? 5.How is your father /mother ?
6.How is everything ? How is it going ?
考點(diǎn)6.介紹的交際用語：
1.What’s your name ? 2.May I know your name ? 3.My name is Jones .
4.What’s your first name ? 5.Nice to meet you . 6.I’m pleased /happy /glad to meet you .
考點(diǎn)7.告別的交際用語：
1.Goodbye ! Bye-bye ! 2.Good night ! 3.I’m afraid I have to go now . It’s getting late .
4.Let’s get together soon ! 5.See you soon /later /tomorrow . 6.We had a good time .
7.Thank you for having us . 8.It’s a pleasure . 9.Take care !
考點(diǎn)8.感謝和應(yīng)答的交際用語：
1.Thank you /Thank you very much . 2.It’s very kind of you .
3.Not at all /That’s OK /That’s all right /You’re welcome /It’s a pleasure /My pleasure .
考點(diǎn)9.祝愿、祝賀和應(yīng)答的交際用語：
1.Good luck to you !. 2.Merry Christmas! 3.Happy New Year ! 4.Happy birthday !
5.Enjoy yourself ! 6.Have fun ! 7.Have a good time ! 8.Congratulations !
9.Thank you , and you too ! 10.The same to you !
考點(diǎn)10.意愿及應(yīng)答的交際用語：
1.I’m ging to pick some apples . 2.I’d like you to meet my parents , too .
3.I want to take some books to the classroom . 4.I hope to see you soon .
5.I hope you have a good time . 6.Thank you 7.I’m sorry I can’t 8.I’m afraid I can’t .
考點(diǎn)11.道歉與應(yīng)答的交際用語：
1.I’m sorry. 2. I’m sorry for …. 3.Never mind 4.It doesn’t matter 5.Forget it
考點(diǎn)12.遺憾和同情的交際用語：
1.I’m sorry to hear that . 2.I know how you feel . 3.Don’t worry about it
4.oh ,come on .Cheer up . 5.That’s too bad 6. What a pity !
考點(diǎn)13.邀請與應(yīng)答的交際用語：
1.Do you want to …..? 2.Would you like to ….? 3.That sounds great .
4.That sounds like fun 5.I’m afraid I can’t come to your party . 6.Maybe some other day
考點(diǎn)14.提供（幫助）和應(yīng)答的交際用語：
1.Can I help you ? 2.What can I do for you ? 3.Let me help you
4.Thanks .That would be nice 5.That’s very kind of you 6.Thanks for your help
7.Would you like some …..? 8.Yes, please / No, thanks
考點(diǎn)15.請求允許和應(yīng)答的交際用語：
1.Can / Could /May I ….? 2.Yes ./ certaily / Yes , do please ./ Of course / Ok ? All right .
3.I’m sorry , but ….. / You’d better not ….
考點(diǎn)16.表示同意和不同意的交際用語：
1.Certainly / Sure ? Of course 2.Yes, please 3.Yes, I think so . 4.All right / Ok .
5.That’s a good idea . 6.I agree (with you ). 7.No ,I don't think so 8.I’m afraid not
9.I disagree (with you )
考點(diǎn)17.表示肯定和不肯定的交際用語：
1.I’m sure . 2.I’m sure that ….. 3.I’m not sure . 4.I’m not sure if ……
5.Maybe . / Perhaps .
考點(diǎn)18.喜歡和厭惡的交際用語：
1.Do you like ….? 2.Which do you like better , …or …? I like … better than ….
3.Which do you like best , …,….or ….? I like …best . 4.I like/ love ….a lot /very much /a little .
5.I don’t like …at all 6.I hate …. 7.I preper to…rather than ….
考點(diǎn)19.談?wù)撎鞖獾慕浑H用語：
1.What’s the weather like today ? 2.How is the weather ? 3.It’s fine / cloudy /windy /rainy
4.It’s rather warm / cold / hot , isn’t it ? 5.Lovely weather , isn’t it ? 6.What a heavy rain !
7.What a strong wind !
考點(diǎn)20.詢問時間或日期和應(yīng)答的交際用語：
1.What day is it today ? 2.What’s the date today ? 3.What time is it ?/ What’s the time ?
4.It’s Monday 5.It’s July 1st 6.It’s six o’clock / half pass six /a quarter to eight .
7.It’s time for ….. / It’s time to do sth .
考點(diǎn)21.請求的交際用語：
1.Can /Could you ….. for me ? 2.Will you please ……? 3.May I have …?
4.Please give /pass me …. 5.Please wait (here/ a moment ) 6.Please hurry .
考點(diǎn)22.勸告和建議的交際用語：
1.You’d better ask the man . 2.Why don’t you go to the park ? 3.How /What going out for a walk ? 4.All right . thanks 5.Right . I’ll do that 6.That’s a good idea .Thank you
7.You are right 8.Shall we play together ? 9.You shouldn’t stay up too late .
10.I don’t mind .
考點(diǎn)23.禁止和警告的交際用語：
1.You can’t do that 2.If you don’t get up , you’ll be late for school . 3.Be careful / Take care
4.Make sure you lock the door when you leave . 5.Don’t walk there . The floor is wet .
考點(diǎn)24.表示感情的交際用語：
1.I’m glad /pleased /happy to meet you . 2.That’s nice 3.That’s wonderful/ great .
4.She’s worried . 5.Oh, what should I do ? 6.Really ? 7.Oh, dear ! 8.Is that so ?
考點(diǎn)25.就餐的交際用語：
1.What would you like to have ? 2.Would you like something to eat/ drink ?
3.I’d like a cup of coffee . 4.Help yourself to some fish . 5.Thankyou ,I’ve full enough.
6.Just a little ,please !
考點(diǎn)26.約會的交際用語：
1.Are you free this aftrenoon / evening ? 2.How about tomorrow morning /aftrenoon/evening?
3.Shall we meet at 4:30 at the school gate ? 4.Let’s make it six o’clock tomorrow .
5.Yes, I’ll be free then . 6.No, I won’t be free then 7.All right . See you then .
8.It doesn’t matter . We can make it some time next week . 9.When can you make it ?
考點(diǎn)27.傳遞信息的交際用語：
1.Will you please give this note/ message to Kate ? 2.He asked me to give you note .
3.Thanks for the message .
考點(diǎn)28.求助的交際用語：
1.Help ! / Fire ! Thief ! 2.What’s the matter ? 3.Could you give me a hand ?
4.Would you help me ? 5.Do you mind helping me with my English ？
考點(diǎn)29.處理交際中的障礙：
1.Pardon . 請?jiān)僬f一遍。 2.Please say that again / more slowly .
3.I’m sorry I can’t follow you 4.I’m sorry I know only a little English .
5.What do you mean by ….?
考點(diǎn)30.常見的標(biāo)志和說明：
1.BUSINESS HOURS 2.OFFICE HOURS 3.OPEN 4.CLOSED 5.PULL 6.PUSH 7.NO SMOKING 8.NO PHOTO 9.NO PARKING 10.DANGER 11.ON 12.OFF 13.PLAY 14.ENTRANCE 15.EXIT 16.PAUSE 17.SHUT
18.MEN’S (WOMEN’S) 19.SOS 20.EMS 21.VACANT 22.OCCUPIED
23.NO ADMITTANCE 24.BATHING PROHIBITED

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