廣東省東華高級(jí)中學(xué)2020屆高三上學(xué)期聯(lián)合測(cè)試
英語試題
注意事項(xiàng)：
1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。
2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。
第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2分，滿分20分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
Most people agree that eating healthy food is important. But sometimes making good food choices can be difficult. Now, there are apps that can help people learn about the food they eat to improve their health and their dining out experience.
Open Table app
Open Table app helps people choose restaurants when they want to go out to eat. It is a free service that shows users restaurant available based on where and when they want to dine. It gives users points when they make reservations(預(yù)定),which can add up to discounts on restaurant visits.
Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing app
Wine and cheese can be a great combination. But which wines go best with which cheeses? Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing app can help. It provides information about hundreds of different cheeses and suggests wines to pair with each. Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing app is free.
HappyCow app
Vegetarians do not eat animal meat. Vegans do not eat any animal products. The HappyCow app is made for both groups. Users can search for vegetarian-vegan restaurants and stores around the world.
LocalEats app
Restaurant chains, like McDonalds, can be found almost anywhere a person might travel. But sometimes travelers want to eat like locals. The LocalEats app is designed for that. It can help you find local restaurants in major cities in the US and in other countries. It costs about a dollar.
Where Chefs Eat app
“Where Chefs Eat”is a 975-pagc book. Most people would not want to carry that around. But there is a much lighter app version of the same name for just $15. Six hundred chefs provide information on 3,000 restaurants around the world on the Where Chefs Eat app.
1. What do the first two apps have in common?
A. They are both free of charge. B. Discounts are provided on both
C. Best wines can be reserved on both D. They tell you where to have the best food.
2. Who is HappyCow app probably designed for?
A. Friends drinking wines together B. Chefs enjoying meat very much．
C. People who want to go on a diet. D. Those often eating in a restaurant.
3. Where can we most likely see the text?
A. On a tourism guide. B. In a cellphone application introduction
C. In a students' textbook D. On a scientific discovery TV program
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。大多數(shù)人都想吃的健康，但是有時(shí)候選擇好食物很難，而本文就給讀者介紹了五個(gè)幫助他們了解健康飲食的應(yīng)用軟件。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Open Table app部分中It is a free service that shows users restaurant available based on where and when they want to dine.（這是一項(xiàng)免費(fèi)服務(wù)，根據(jù)用戶想要用餐的地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間向用戶顯示餐廳。）以及Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing app部分中Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing app is free.（Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing應(yīng)用程序是免費(fèi)的。）可知前兩個(gè)應(yīng)用程序的共同點(diǎn)是他們都是免費(fèi)的。故選A。
【2題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)HappyCow app小標(biāo)題中Vegetarians do not eat animal meat. Vegans do not eat any animal products. The HappyCow app is made for both groups.（素食者不吃肉。嚴(yán)格素食者不吃任何動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品。而快樂奶牛應(yīng)用軟件就是為這兩個(gè)群體制作的。）分析選項(xiàng)，可知HappyCow軟件是為想要節(jié)食的人設(shè)計(jì)的。故選C。
【3題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中Now, there are apps that can help people learn about the food they eat to improve their health and their dining out experience.（現(xiàn)在，有一些應(yīng)用程序可以幫助人們了解他們吃的食物，從而改善他們的健康和外出就餐的體驗(yàn)。）以及文章主要介紹了五個(gè)應(yīng)用軟件，故最有可能在手機(jī)應(yīng)用介紹看到本文。故選B。
B
Your teenage best friend could be good for your long-term mental health，according to a new study published in the journal Child Development According to the findings, teenagers aged 15 to 16 who had a close friendship rather than a larger group of friends they were less close to had a greater sense of self-worth by the time they were 25 years old. Those people with a very close best friend were also less likely to experience depression and social anxiety, the study found．
“Close friendship strength in mid-adolescence predicted relative increases in self-worth and decreases in anxiety and depressive symptoms by early adulthood，”the authors, led by Rachel K, Narr，a postdoctoral student focused on clinical psychology at the University of Virginia, wrote.
A past research has suggested that adolescent friendships are important. Friendships during the teenage years predict academic success and improved mental health. But the new research further explores the type of friendships teenagers have. “My hunch（預(yù)感）was that close friendships compared to broader friendship groups and popularity may not function the same way,” Narr told Quartz. "Being successful in one is not the same as being successful in the other."
Many study participants did not continue to have a close relationship with their high-school best friend, leading the researchers to wonder what exactly was responsible for the mental health benefits. They suspected that the skills and ability to build such a friendship may be more important than the friendship itself.
And as the researchers point out, those skills are not necessarily brought to bear in the world of social media. "As technology makes it increasingly easy to build a social network of shallow friends, focusing time and attention on developing close connections with a few individuals should be a priority," study co-author Joseph Allen said in a statement.
4. What is the benefit of having a close teenage friendship?
A. Excellent performance in high school. B. A larger group of friends.
C. Mental health by early adulthood. D. A large social network in the future.
5. What can we learn about the past research?
A. It attached great significance to adolescent friendships.
B. It was totally different from the new research.
C. It helped improve teenagers' mental health.
D. It compared broader friendship groups with popularity.
6. What did the researchers think might lead to the mental health benefits?
A. Not continuing to have a close relationship. B. Having a best friend in high school.
C. Understanding the world of social media. D. Knowing how to build a close friendship
7. What did the researcher Joseph suggest?
A. Learning to use social media.
B. Broadening your social circle.
C. Improving the skills of making friends.
D. Concentrating on high-quality relationship.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. D
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些有非常親密的好朋友的人也不太可能經(jīng)歷抑郁和社交焦慮。與過去的研究認(rèn)為友誼很重要相比，這項(xiàng)新研究進(jìn)一步探索了青少年之間的友誼類型。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)知道如何建立親密的友誼可能比友誼本身更重要。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Your teenage best friend could be good for your long-term mental health，according to a new study published in the journal Child Development.（根據(jù)發(fā)表在《兒童發(fā)展》雜志上的一項(xiàng)新研究，你十幾歲時(shí)最好的朋友可能對(duì)你的長(zhǎng)期心理健康有好處）可知，青少年親密的友誼對(duì)精神健康有益。故選C。
【5題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句A past research has suggested that adolescent friendships are important.（過去的一項(xiàng)研究表明，青少年間的友誼很重要）可知，過去的研究非常重視青少年間的友誼。故選A。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句They suspected that the skills and ability to build such a friendship may be more important than the friendship itself.（他們懷疑建立這種友誼的技巧和能力可能比友誼本身更重要）可知，研究人員認(rèn)為知道如何建立親密的友誼會(huì)帶來心理健康益處。故選D。
【7題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中"As technology makes it increasingly easy to build a social network of shallow friends, focusing time and attention on developing close connections with a few individuals should be a priority," study co-author Joseph Allen said in a statement.（研究報(bào)告的撰寫者之一Joseph Allen在一份聲明中說:“隨著科技的發(fā)展，建立淺層次朋友的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)變得越來越容易，因此，把時(shí)間和精力集中在與少數(shù)人建立密切聯(lián)系上應(yīng)該是優(yōu)先考慮的事情?！保┛芍芯咳藛TJoseph Allen建議把時(shí)間和精力集中在于一些人發(fā)展親密關(guān)系是應(yīng)該是重中之重，即發(fā)展高質(zhì)量的友誼。故選D。
C
Gene technology to benefit people
Among all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people.
The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span(壽命) can be prolonged.
Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial(皇室) family being a good example, have hereditary(遺傳的) diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it and a healthy child will be born.
Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to manufacture human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning a sheep; therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology.
8. What does "these two killers" in the second paragraph refer to?
A. Gene technology and another treatment of the two diseases.
B. The two murderers who killed the cloned baby
C. The two diseases of cancer and heart disease
D. Hereditary diseases and cancer
9. What’s the main idea of the third paragraph?
A. How gene technology can be applied in the field of treating hereditary diseases.
B. Gene technology can be used to clone human babies.
C. Gene technology can help people to give birth of a baby.
D. Gene technology can help the English imperial family out
10. In what way gene technology can help to treat hereditary diseases?
A. Using gene technology, people with hereditary diseases can have more living days.
B. Using gene technology, scientist finds the wrong gene and corrects it.
C. Using gene technology, human babies can be cloned.
D. Doctors can cure cancer and heart disease with the help of gene technology.
11 What is the main purpose of writing this passage?
A. Expressing the writer’s idea that gene technology will benefit people
B. Telling people the advantages of gene technology
C. Telling the readers that gene technology will not benefit people
D Explaining that gene technology will also do harm to the humanity
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. A
【解析】
本文是說明文。文章介紹了基因技術(shù)，詳細(xì)講述了基因技術(shù)的好處
【8題詳解】
詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第劃線詞所在句前的The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease.（基因技術(shù)所能做的最偉大的事情就是治愈嚴(yán)重的疾病，而這些疾病是目前醫(yī)生們幾乎無能為力的，比如癌癥和心臟?。┘皠澗€詞所在句Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers.（每年都有數(shù)百萬人被這兩名殺手殺害）可知，每年造成數(shù)百萬人死亡的元兇就是癌癥和心臟病。由此可知，these two killers 指的是上文做的cancer and heart disease.故選C。
【9題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it and a healthy child will be born.（在過去，醫(yī)生對(duì)遺傳病無能為力。但是基因技術(shù)可以完美地解決這個(gè)問題?？茖W(xué)家只需要找到錯(cuò)誤的基因并加以糾正，一個(gè)健康的孩子就會(huì)誕生）可知，第三段主要介紹了基因技術(shù)可以被應(yīng)用于治愈家族病。故選A。
【10題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born（科學(xué)家只需要找到錯(cuò)誤的基因和糾正它,和一個(gè)健康的孩子將出生）可知，利用基因技術(shù)，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤的基因并加以糾正，這樣就可以治愈家族病了。故選B。
【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題Gene technology to benefit people（基因技術(shù)造福人類）及最后一段中的But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology.（但我相信克隆嬰兒不會(huì)大量出現(xiàn)，因?yàn)槭澜缟洗蠖鄶?shù)夫婦可以用非常正常的方式生育。當(dāng)然，政府必須小心控制基因技術(shù)）可知，文章主要表達(dá)作者了認(rèn)為基因技術(shù)將造福人類的觀點(diǎn)。故選A。
D
“What kind of rubbish are you?”This question might normally cause anger，but in Shanghai it bas brought about weary complaints over the past few months. On July 1st，the city introduced strict rubbish-sorting regulations that are expected to be used as a model for our country. Citizens must divide their waste into four separate categories and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure that rules are obeyed and to examine the nature of one's rubbish.
Violators could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan ($29). For repeat violators, the city can add black marks to their credit records, making it harder for them to obtain hank loans or even buy train tickets.
Shanghai authorities are responding to obvious environmental problem. It produces 9 million tons of garbage a year. But like other cities in china, it lacks a recycling system. Instead, it has relied on rubbish pickers to pick out whatever can be reused. This has limits. As people get wealthier, fewer of them want to do such dirty work. The waste, meanwhile, just keeps piling up. China produces 80 billion pairs of one-off chopsticks a year.
Many citizens appear to support the idea of recycling in general but are frustrated by the details. Rubbish must be divided according to whether it is food, recyclable, dry or hazardous（有害的），the distinctions among which can be confusing, though there are apps to help work it out. Some have complained about the rules surrounding food waste. They must put it straight in the required public bin, forcing them to tear open plastic bags and toss（投擲）it by hand, Most annoying are the short periods for throwing trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening. Along with the monitors at the bins, this means that people go at around the same time and can keep an eye on what is being thrown out; no one wants to look bad.
12. What's the purpose of Paragraph l?
A. To complain about rubbish dividing.
B. To explain the four categories of the waste.
C. To introduce the rules on waste sorting.
D. To show the goal of rubbish, sorting regulations.
13. What does the underlined word "Violators" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. People who don't pay for train tickets. B. People who argue with the monitors.
C. People who obtain bank loans. D. People who are against the regulations.
14. What makes the citizens upset most about the rules?
A. Complex distinction among the four categories of rubbish.
B. Short scheduled time for tossing rubbish.
C. Being observed by monitors when throwing the garbage.
D. Being fined when blamed due to improper behavior.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. A Restart of Waste-sorting B. A New Age of Garbage Classification
C. Learning to Classify Rubbish D. Rubbish-sorting Benefits the World
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了7月1日上海市出臺(tái)的垃圾分類規(guī)定，有望成為我國(guó)的一個(gè)典范。文章說明了垃圾分類規(guī)定的部分內(nèi)容以及違反者將面臨的處罰，這項(xiàng)政策出臺(tái)的原因是上海日益增多的垃圾，以及居民們對(duì)此政策的看法和態(tài)度。
【12題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中Citizens must divide their waste into four separate categories and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure that rules are obeyed and to examine the nature of one's rubbish.（市民必須將垃圾分為四類，并將其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他們必須在規(guī)定的時(shí)間這樣做，當(dāng)監(jiān)督員在場(chǎng)時(shí)，以確保規(guī)則得到遵守，并檢查垃圾的性質(zhì)。）可知主要是在說明垃圾分類的相關(guān)規(guī)定，故第一段的目的是介紹垃圾分類的規(guī)則。故選C。
【13題詳解】
詞義猜測(cè)題。結(jié)合后文They could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan ($29).他們將面臨最高200元(29美元)的罰款?？赏茰y(cè)他們此處指違反垃圾分類規(guī)定的人們，故劃線單詞意思為“違反規(guī)定的人”，故選D。
【14題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Most upset are the short windows for throwing trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening.（最讓人心煩的是扔垃圾的短暫開放期，通常是早上和晚上的幾個(gè)小時(shí)）可知，扔垃圾的時(shí)間很短讓居民對(duì)這些規(guī)定最不滿。故選B。
【15題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段中On July 1st, the city introduced strict trash-sorting regulations that are expected to be used as a model for our country. Residents must divide their waste into four separate kinds and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure compliance and to inquire into the nature of one’s rubbish.（7月1日，該市出臺(tái)了嚴(yán)格的垃圾分類規(guī)定，有望成為我國(guó)的一個(gè)典范。居民必須將他們的垃圾分成四類，并將其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他們必須在規(guī)定的時(shí)間這樣做，當(dāng)監(jiān)督員在場(chǎng)時(shí)，以確保遵守和調(diào)查一個(gè)人的垃圾的性質(zhì)）以及文章主要內(nèi)容圍繞著上海垃圾分類規(guī)定標(biāo)志著一個(gè)垃圾分類的新時(shí)代的開始而展開，故B選項(xiàng)“垃圾分類的新時(shí)代”符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。
【點(diǎn)睛】在閱讀中我們經(jīng)常會(huì)考查猜測(cè)詞義題。事實(shí)上，閱讀材料中的每個(gè)詞與它前后的詞語或句子甚至段落都有聯(lián)系。運(yùn)用邏輯推理猜測(cè)詞義是使用最廣考查最多也最易失分的猜詞方式，這要求考生具備整合分散、復(fù)雜信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各種已知信息）并結(jié)合具體的語境推測(cè)、判斷某些詞或短語的詞義。如第二小題，結(jié)合后文They could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan ($29).他們將面臨最高200元(29美元)的罰款?？赏茰y(cè)他們此處指違反垃圾分類規(guī)定的人們，故劃線單詞意思為“違反規(guī)定的人”，故選D。
第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
We know that choosing a college major can be extremely hard.____16____However,it is a challenge to pick one when it feels as if the rest of your adult life is riding on that choice.It is a big commitment,but it’s not a life sentence. Many graduates pursue careers that aren’t directly related to their college majors,or change careers after several years. You may choose to base your decision on any of these factors：
Dream job
______17______.Maybe you already know that you want to be a nurse,a day trader,a physician,or a web developer.Before you declare,take a class or two in the relevant discipline,talk to students in the department of your choice.
Great ambition
According to PayScale.com,the majors that lead to the highest salaries include just about any type of engineering,actuarial mathematics,computer science,physics,statistics,government and economics.Keep your quality of life in mind,too._____18_____.
_____19_____.
Some students choose a major simply because they love the subject matter.If you love what you’re studying, you’re more likely to fully engage with your classes and college experience._____20_____.If your calling is philosophy, don’t write it off just because you’re not sure about graduate school,or what the job market holds for philosophers.
A.Love project
B.The academy of the School
C.Many schools offer hundreds of choices
D.Science is a specific subject that college students specialize in
E.That can mean better grades and great relationships with others in your field
F.That seven figure salary may not be worth it if you’re not happy at the office
G.Some students choose a major because it will prepare them for a specific career path or advanced study
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. E
【解析】
這是一篇議論文。文章作者對(duì)于如何選擇大學(xué)專業(yè)，學(xué)生需要考慮的幾個(gè)因素。
【16題詳解】
上文We know that choosing a college major can be extremely hard.意思是我們知道選擇一個(gè)本科專業(yè)非常難，該空承接上文，C選項(xiàng)“許多學(xué)校提供許許多多的選擇”切題，故選C。
【17題詳解】
下文Maybe you already know that you want to be a nurse,a day trader,a physician,or a web developer.意思是可能你已經(jīng)知道你想要成為一名護(hù)士、當(dāng)日交易者、一名內(nèi)科醫(yī)生或者一名網(wǎng)頁(yè)開發(fā)者，該空引出下文，G選項(xiàng)“有些學(xué)生選擇一個(gè)專業(yè)是因?yàn)樗鼈優(yōu)樘囟ǖ穆殬I(yè)道路或是進(jìn)修做準(zhǔn)備”切題，故選G。
【18題詳解】
上文Keep your quality of life in mind,too.的意思為也要考慮你的生活質(zhì)量，該空與上文相呼應(yīng)，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“如果你在辦公室不開心，那七位數(shù)的工資也不值得”切題，故選F。
【19題詳解】
這一段主要講了如果你愛一個(gè)專業(yè)，你才能全身心的投入到學(xué)習(xí)和大學(xué)體驗(yàn)中，所以這一段的標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是“愛這個(gè)事業(yè)”，故選A。
【20題詳解】
上文If you love what you’re studying, you’re more likely to fully engage with your classes and college experience.意思是如果你熱愛你所學(xué)的專業(yè)，你更可能會(huì)全身心的投入課程和大學(xué)體驗(yàn)中，該空承接上文，E選項(xiàng)“那意味著在你的領(lǐng)域，會(huì)有更好的成績(jī)和更融洽的人際關(guān)系”切題，故選E。
第二部分 英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）
第一節(jié)（共20小題：每小題1.5分，滿分30分）
閱讀下面短文，從各題所給四個(gè)選頊(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
Nowadays, many of us track our steps with smart watches, pedometers（計(jì)步器）or phone apps and are of course thrilled when we reach that all-important daily goal of 10,000 steps. You might ___21___ that this number has appeared after years of research.
The ___22___ number "10,000" dates back to a marketing campaign ___23___ shortly before the start of the1964 Tokyo Olympic Games. A company began___24___a pedometer called the Manpo-kei: “man” meaning 10,000, “po” meaning___25___and “kei”meaning meter. It was hugely ___26___ and the number seems to have stuck. Marty buyers are appealed by the new gadget.
Since then, studies have ___27___ the health benefits of 5,000 with 10,000 steps and, not
___28___，the higher number is better. But until recently, all the ___29___ between hadn't been studied. I-Min Lee, a professor of ____30____ at Harvard Medical School, and her team ____31____a group of more than 16,000 women in their seventies. Each woman spent a week ____32____ a device to measure movement during ____33____ hours. When they ____34____ the women up an average of four years and three months later, 504 died. How many steps do you think the people alive had been doing? In fact, the average number for____35____ was only 5,500 but not 10,000. Women who took more than 4,000 steps a ____36____ were significantly more likely to still be alive than those who did only 2,700 steps. It's surprising that such a small ____37____could have consequences for longevity（壽命）．
However，physical conditions.____38____from person to person，and we should do it wisely. So count if you find it ____39____ you, but remember there's nothing special about 10,000 steps. Set the goal that is ____40____ for you.
21. A. assume B. admit C. acquire D. afford
22. A. strange B. ordinary C. abstract D. magic
23. A. recommended B. launched C. stated D. commanded
24. A. selling B. purchasing C. producing D. donating
25. A. walkers B. runners C. steps D. numbers
26. A. helpful B. successful C. plentiful D. powerful
27. A. known B. displayed C. compared D. shown
28. A. excitingly B. disappointingly C. amusingly D. surprisingly
29. A. signs B. strengths C. symbols D. numbers
30. A. science B. law C. medicine D. history
31. A. focused on B. took part in C. got along with D. thought highly of
32. A. taking B. wearing C. holding D. bringing
33. A. walking B. sleeping C. running D. shaking
34. A. asked B. spied C. found D. followed
35. A. women B. deaths C. survivors D. people
36. A. day B. hour C. month D. week
37. A. distance B. growth C. decrease D. difference
38. A. separate B. reflect C. vary D. come
39. A. distracts B. motivates C. pulls D. defeats
40. A. challenging B. appropriate C. beneficial D. creative
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. B
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。當(dāng)我們達(dá)到每天1萬步這一至關(guān)重要的目標(biāo)時(shí)，我們會(huì)興奮不已，文章說明了計(jì)步器的來源。以及一項(xiàng)對(duì)16000多名70多歲的女性的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)每天走超過4000步的女性明顯比每天只走2700步的女性更有可能活下來。如此微小的差異可能會(huì)對(duì)壽命產(chǎn)生影響，但是由于身體情況的差異也應(yīng)適當(dāng)設(shè)定目標(biāo)。
【21題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你可能認(rèn)為這個(gè)數(shù)字是經(jīng)過多年研究得出的。A. assume認(rèn)為；設(shè)想；B. admit承認(rèn)；C. acquire獲得；D. afford付的起。結(jié)合后文that this number has appeared after years of research.可知是人們?cè)O(shè)想的具體內(nèi)容，故選A。
【22題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)神奇數(shù)字的由來可以追溯到1964年?yáng)|京奧運(yùn)會(huì)召開前不久的一次市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)。A. strange陌生的；B. ordinary普通的；C. abstract抽象的；D. magic神奇的。結(jié)合上文可知達(dá)到一萬步人們就會(huì)興奮不已，可知一萬步這是一個(gè)神奇的數(shù)字。故選D。
【23題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)神奇數(shù)字的由來可以追溯到一次市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)，活動(dòng)是1964年?yáng)|京奧運(yùn)會(huì)召開前不久啟動(dòng)的。A. recommended推薦；B. launched啟動(dòng)；C. stated陳述；D. commanded命令。結(jié)合上文a marketing campaign可知這個(gè)神奇數(shù)字的由來可以追溯到一次市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)，活動(dòng)是1964年?yáng)|京奧運(yùn)會(huì)召開前不久啟動(dòng)的。故選B。
【24題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一家公司開始銷售一種名為“慢”的計(jì)步器:“man”的意思是10000，“po”的意思是臺(tái)階，“kei”的意思是用表計(jì)量。A. selling出售；B. purchasing購(gòu)買；C. producing生產(chǎn)；D. donating捐贈(zèng)。根據(jù)下文Marty buyers are appealed by the new gadget.可知是出售計(jì)步器。故選A。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一家公司開始銷售一種名為“慢”的計(jì)步器:“man”的意思是10000，“po”的意思是步子，“kei”的意思是用表計(jì)量。A. walkers步行者；B. runners奔跑者；C. steps步子；D. numbers數(shù)字。結(jié)合上文pedometer可知計(jì)步器是用來計(jì)算步數(shù)的，故此處po的意思是步子，故選C。
【26題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它取得了巨大的成功。A. helpful有益的；B. successful成功的；C. plentiful豐富的；D. powerful強(qiáng)大的。結(jié)合后文Many buyers are appealed by the new gadget.可知這個(gè)產(chǎn)品取得了巨大的成功。故選B。
【27題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從那以后，研究比較了5000步和10000步健康益處，毫不奇怪，步數(shù)越高越好。A. known知道；B. displayed展示；C. compared比較；D. shown展示。結(jié)合下文the health benefits of 5,000 with 10,000 steps可知是在比較這個(gè)數(shù)字的健康益處，故選C。
【28題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：從那以后，研究比較了5000步和10000步的健康益處，毫不意外，步數(shù)越高越好。A. excitingly激動(dòng)地；B. disappointingly失望地；C. amusingly有趣地；D. surprisingly出人意料地。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，人們走得步數(shù)越多越有益，這毫不意外。故選D。
【29題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但直到最近，兩個(gè)數(shù)字之間的所有數(shù)字都沒有被研究過。A. signs標(biāo)志；B. strengths優(yōu)勢(shì)；C. symbols象征；D. numbers數(shù)字。上文列舉的5,000 with 10,000 steps是數(shù)字，此處指五千和一萬當(dāng)中的數(shù)字沒有被研究過，故選D。
【30題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：哈佛大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院的醫(yī)學(xué)教授I-Min Lee和她的研究小組對(duì)16000多名70多歲的女性進(jìn)行了研究。A. science科學(xué)；B. law法律；C. medicine醫(yī)學(xué)；D. history歷史。根據(jù)下文at Harvard Medical School可知是哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的醫(yī)學(xué)教授。故選C。
【31題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：哈佛大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院的醫(yī)學(xué)教授I-Min Lee和她的研究小組集中研究了16000多名70多歲的女性。A. focused on關(guān)注；集中于；B. took part in參加；C. got along with相處；D. thought highly of高度評(píng)價(jià)。結(jié)合下文a group of more than 16,000 women可知選取了一萬六千名女性進(jìn)行集中研究。故選A。
【32題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每位女性都佩戴了一個(gè)測(cè)量行走時(shí)間的設(shè)備，為期一周。A. taking帶走；B. wearing穿著；佩戴；C. holding持有；D. bringing帶來。結(jié)合下文a device to measure movement可知是佩戴了一個(gè)測(cè)量行走時(shí)間的設(shè)備。故選B。
【33題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每位女性都佩戴了一個(gè)測(cè)量行走時(shí)間的設(shè)備，為期一周。A. walking步行；B. sleeping睡覺；C. running奔跑；D. shaking搖晃。結(jié)合下文Women who took more than 4,000 steps可知設(shè)備是用來測(cè)量行走時(shí)間的。故選A。
【34題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們追蹤這些婦女平均4年3個(gè)月后，504人死亡。A. asked詢問；B. spied偵探；C. found發(fā)現(xiàn)；D. followed追蹤。結(jié)合后文the women up an average of four years and three months later可知他們追蹤了這些女性4年3個(gè)月。故選D。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，平均幸存者人數(shù)只有5500人，而不是10000人。A. women女人；B. deaths死亡；C. survivors幸存者；D. people人們。結(jié)合下文was only 5,500 but not 10,000可知除去死亡的人數(shù)504人，幸存的人數(shù)只有5500人，而不是1000人。故選C。
【36題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每天走超過4000步的女性明顯比每天只走2700步的女性更有可能活下來。A. day天；B. hour小時(shí)；C. month月；D. week周。結(jié)合上文took more than 4,000 steps中的數(shù)字可知4000步應(yīng)當(dāng)是一個(gè)人一天所走的步數(shù)，其他選項(xiàng)均不符合語境。故選A。
【37題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令人驚訝的是，如此微小的差異可能會(huì)對(duì)壽命產(chǎn)生影響。A. distance距離；B. growth成長(zhǎng)；C. decrease減少；D. difference不同；差異。結(jié)合上文4000步和2700步這是微小的差異卻可能會(huì)對(duì)壽命產(chǎn)生影響。故選D。
【38題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，身體狀況因人而異，我們應(yīng)該明智地去做。A. separate分離；B. reflect反映；C. vary變化；D. come來。根據(jù)下文from person to person，and we should do it wisely.可知身體狀況因人而異，我們應(yīng)該明智地去做。短語vary from“不同”，故選C。
【39題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所以，如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)它能激勵(lì)你，那就計(jì)步數(shù)吧，但記住，一萬步并沒有什么特別之處。A. distracts分心；B. motivates促使；C. pulls拉；D. defeats打敗。結(jié)合上文So count if you find it可知如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)它能激勵(lì)你，那就計(jì)步數(shù)吧。故選B。
40題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：設(shè)定適合自己的目標(biāo)。A. challenging挑戰(zhàn)的；B. appropriate合適的；C. beneficial有益的；D. creative創(chuàng)造性的。結(jié)合上文人與人的身體情況不同，因此要按自身情況設(shè)定適合自己的目標(biāo)。故選B。
第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式n
President Xi Jinping ___41___(take) his place on the Tian'anmen Rostrum（觀禮臺(tái)）on Oct l at a grand celebration marking___42___70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China Xi, the first top Chinese leader born after 1949, is leading the country through wind and waves.___43___a brighter future in a new era. China aims to___44___(basic) achieve socialist modernization by 2035 and build___45___(it) into a modern socialist country by the middle of the country, Xi has said China today is closer than ever before to___46___(nation) rejuvenation（復(fù)興）， ___47___ is part of the founding mission of the Communist Party of China (CPC).
Meanwhile, China is increasingly connected to the world. In 2015,Xi took the podium（講臺(tái)）at the UN，___48___ (discuss)“a community with a shared future for all mankind”. He explained that the desired world would be one that is safe，prosperous，open，inclusive and beautiful.
The Belt and Road Initiative，___49___ (propose)by Xi，shows the kind of international relations envisioned（構(gòu)想）by him-mutual respect，fairness，justice，and win-win cooperation. “The CPC regards making a greater_____50_____(contribute)to humanity as its mission，”Xi said.
【答案】41. took
42. the 43. to
44. basically
45. itself 46. national
47. which 48. discussing
49. proposed
50. contribution
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇說明文。主要說明了國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平為帶領(lǐng)中國(guó)走向偉大復(fù)興所采取的一些舉措。
【41題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：10月1日，在中華人民共和國(guó)成立70周年慶典上，國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平在天安門城樓就座。根據(jù)下文on Oct l可知應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，故填took。
【42題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意同上。anniversary為可數(shù)名詞，此處特指“中華人民共和國(guó)成立70周年慶典”應(yīng)用定冠詞the，故填the。
【43題詳解】
考查固定短語。句意：習(xí)是1949年后出生的第一位中國(guó)最高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，他帶領(lǐng)國(guó)家乘風(fēng)破浪，走向新時(shí)代更加光明的未來。固定短語lead to…“通向；走向”，故填to。
【44題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：中國(guó)的奮斗目標(biāo)是到2035年基本實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化，到2035年將中國(guó)自身建成社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化國(guó)家。修飾動(dòng)詞achieve應(yīng)用副詞，故填basically。
【45題詳解】
考查代詞。句意同上。根據(jù)語境可知“將中國(guó)自身建設(shè)成……”，此處指代中國(guó)，故填itself。
【46題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：習(xí)近平主席說，今天的中國(guó)比以往任何時(shí)候都更接近民族復(fù)興，這是中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨成立使命的一部分。修飾名詞rejuvenation應(yīng)用形容詞，故填national。
【47題詳解】
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意同上。本句為非限定性定語從句修飾上文整句話，從句中缺少主語，用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。
【48題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：2015年，習(xí)近平在聯(lián)合國(guó)發(fā)表題為“人類命運(yùn)共同體”的主旨演講。本句中discuss為非謂語動(dòng)詞，與邏輯主語Xi構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填discussing。
【49題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：習(xí)近平主席提出的“一帶一路”倡議，體現(xiàn)了相互尊重、公平正義、合作共贏的國(guó)際關(guān)系理念。本句中propose做非謂語動(dòng)詞，與邏輯主語The Belt and Road Initiative構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞。故填proposed。
【50題詳解】
考查固定短語。句意：“中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨把為人類作出更大貢獻(xiàn)作為自己的使命。”固定短語make contribution to…“為……作貢獻(xiàn)”，故填contribution。
【點(diǎn)睛】定語從句的關(guān)系詞的選擇可考慮以下三點(diǎn)：
(1)一看先行詞的意義，即分清先行詞是指人、指物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)還是原因(如指物時(shí)不能用who或whom，指人時(shí)通常不用which等)
(2)二看關(guān)系詞的句法功能，即分清關(guān)系詞是擔(dān)任什么句子成分，是作主語還是賓語、是作定語還是狀語等(如作定語通常用whose，有時(shí)也用which；作狀語要用when, where, why)
(3)三看定語從句的種類，即分清是限制性定語從句還是非限制性定語從句(如that和why通常不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句)
如第七小題，本句為非限定性定語從句修飾上文整句話，從句中缺少主語，用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。
第三部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）
第一節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分l0分）
51.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間變換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。作文 中共有l(wèi)0處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。
修改；在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。
I love running. I started running in 2016, look forward to building up my body. Every weekday I stay actively by running on the track with other student. On weekends, in company by my father, I typically get out to explore the neighborhood in that I live. If the weather is bad, I usually take my advantage of the treadmill(跑步機(jī))at home．The other day I go for a 22-km run. I was very exciting，“Wow, I've been running such long distance，”I will plan to keep increasing the distance over the next few weeks, but I'm sure I will make it.
【答案】1．look→looking;
2．a(chǎn)ctively→active;
3．student→students;
4．by→with
5．that→which;
6．my去掉；
7．go→went;
8．exciting→excited;
9．such后加a；
l0．but→and
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了作者從2016年開始跑步，希望鍛煉身體，介紹了自己的跑步計(jì)劃。
【詳解】1.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我從2016年開始跑步，希望鍛煉身體。本句中短語look forward to做非謂語動(dòng)詞，與邏輯主語I構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故loo改為looking。
2.考查形容詞。句意：每個(gè)工作日，我和其他學(xué)生一起在跑道上跑步，保持活躍。stay為系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞作表語。故actively改為active
3.考查名詞的數(shù)。句意同上。student為可數(shù)名詞，由other“其他的”修飾應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故student改為students。
4.考查固定短語。句意：在周末，我和父親一起出去探索我居住的社區(qū)。固定短語in company with sb.“和某人一起”，故by改為with。
5.考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意同上。本句為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)定語從句修飾先行詞neighborhood，且做介詞in的賓語，指“社區(qū)”，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which。故that改為which。
6.考查固定短語。句意：如果天氣不好，我通常會(huì)利用家里的跑步機(jī)。固定短語take advantage of“利用”，故my去掉。
7.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：前幾天我去跑步了22公里。根據(jù)上文the other day“前幾天”可知應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，故go改為went。
8.考查形容詞。句意：我非常激動(dòng)。此處修飾人的感情應(yīng)用-ed結(jié)尾形容詞，故exciting改為excited。
9.考查冠詞。句意：哇，我跑了這么遠(yuǎn)的距離。distance為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指“一段長(zhǎng)距離”應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且long為輔音音素開頭的單詞，故such后加a。
10.考查連詞。句意：我計(jì)劃在接下來的幾周內(nèi)繼續(xù)增加距離，我相信我能做到。結(jié)合上下文語境可知為承接關(guān)系，故but改為and。
第二節(jié) 書西表達(dá)（滿分25分）
52.假定你是李華，你校將于下周舉行“40公里徒步活動(dòng)”。請(qǐng)你代表學(xué)生會(huì)寫一封電子郵件給你校外籍教師Peter，邀請(qǐng)他參加本次徒步活動(dòng)。內(nèi)容包括：
1．向他發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)；
2．介紹本次徒步活動(dòng)；
3．活動(dòng)注意事項(xiàng)。
40公里徒步活動(dòng)：a 40-km hiking trip
注意：
1．詞數(shù)l00左右：
2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫
3．開頭結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出
Dear Peter,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
On behalf of the Student’Union, I am writing to sincerely invite you to join in the 40-km hiking trip to be held next week.
Aimed at enriching our experiences and exercising our willpower, this activity is scheduled to take place from7:00 am，to 5:00 pm，next Tuesday. All the students and staff in Senior 3 will gather on the playground at 6:30 am, attending a brief opening ceremony. We will walk 20 kilometers along the Dongjiang River before we make a return trip to school. If we are lucky enough to have you join us, please bear it in mind that you should wear a pair of sneakers that fit well. The wrong shoes may hurt your feet.
Hopefully, you will accept my invitation if it is convenience to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇應(yīng)用文寫作。
【詳解】第1步：根據(jù)提示可知, 本篇為一封電子郵件；假定你是李華，你校將于下周舉行“40公里徒步活動(dòng)”。請(qǐng)你代表學(xué)生會(huì)寫一封電子郵件給你校外籍教師Peter，邀請(qǐng)他參加本次徒步活動(dòng)。內(nèi)容包括：1．向他發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)；2．介紹本次徒步活動(dòng)；3．活動(dòng)注意事項(xiàng)。
第2步：根據(jù)寫作要求, 確定關(guān)鍵詞（組）, 如：a 40-km hiking trip（40公里徒步活動(dòng)）；sincerely invite（誠(chéng)摯地邀請(qǐng)）；Aim at（旨在）；willpower（意志力）；be scheduled to（預(yù)定；安排）等。
第3步：根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進(jìn)行遣詞造句, 注意主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)問題。此處文章主要應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)。
第4步：連句成文, 注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過渡, 書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰, 保持整潔美觀的卷面是非常重要的。
【點(diǎn)睛】范文內(nèi)容完整, 語言規(guī)范, 語篇連貫, 詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。作者在范文中使用了較多高級(jí)表達(dá)方式, 如Aimed at enriching our experiences and exercising our willpower, this activity is scheduled to take place from7:00 am，to 5:00 pm，next Tuesday.非謂語動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)用；If we are lucky enough to have you join us, please bear it in mind that you should wear a pair of sneakers that fit well.運(yùn)用了條件狀語從句。全文中沒有中國(guó)式英語的句式, 顯示了很高的駕馭英語的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、層次分明, 上下句轉(zhuǎn)換自然, 為文章增色添彩。



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