Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打擊樂器獨奏演員) in spite of her disability.
___8___ I had been born in the 16th century, I would have had no job.
A. Because B. While C. If D. Since
【解析】根據(jù)后面的I had been born in the 16th century可知這只是個假設,是一個虛擬語氣的條件句。故前面要用 if 引導。利用固定搭配解題完形填空題中對詞匯知識的考查,主要體現(xiàn)在習慣用法和同義詞、近義詞的辨析兩方面。習慣用法是英語中某種固定的結構形態(tài),即所謂的“習語”,不能隨意改動。所以,考生平時應掌握好習慣用法。對詞義辨析題的考查有加大力度的趨勢。要做好這類題,需要有較大的詞匯量和詞語搭配能力、詞語辨析能力,特別是在特定的語境中能靈活運用的能力。如:
They couldn’t read or write. They didn’t like to work and they never ___12___ baths.
A. took B. washed C. ran D. covered
【解析】本題考查的是固定搭配take a bath,意為“洗澡”。利用固定句型解題完形填空雖然注重考查語境理解,但同時也會考到一些固定句型,考生掌握好這些句型,對確定題目的答案很有幫助。如:
It wasn’t long ___18___the police caught the thief.
A. after B. when C. before D. until
【解析】It wasn’t long before…是常用句型,意為“不久就……”。這里說的是不久警察就把小偷捉到了。利用復現(xiàn)信息解題語篇復現(xiàn)的信息包括原詞復現(xiàn)、同義詞和反義詞復現(xiàn)、上義詞和下義詞復現(xiàn)、概括詞復現(xiàn)和代詞復現(xiàn)等。語篇中有詞匯和結構同現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象,如與語篇話題相關、意義相關的詞匯同時出現(xiàn),結構同現(xiàn),同義同現(xiàn),修飾同現(xiàn),因果同現(xiàn)等。因此,利用上下文尋找解題信息,確定正確答案。如:
I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasn’t empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new ___44___, dressed neatly.
A. roommate B. classmate C. neighbor D. companion
【解析】名詞同現(xiàn),空格前出現(xiàn)了room, furniture, curtains, a TV等同現(xiàn)信息可知坐在鋪好的床上的是“我”的室友。利用跳讀法解題一般而言,完形填空要填的20空中總有一些空是相對簡單的。 對于這類空格考生可以先將其確定下來,之后再逐個去突破其他空。跳過那些不太容易得出答案的題。切忌做題時循規(guī)蹈矩地一個順著一個地去完成。如:
“Visitors!” repeated Josh, wide-awake at once. He___1___ up and looked around. A short distance away, a group of___2___ stood quietly watching us. One of them ___3___ walking toward us. We both jumped to our ___4___ not knowing what to expect.
1. A. sat B. stayed C. thought D. put
2. A. pilots B. natives C. editors D. assistants
3. A. avoided B. delayed C. began D. desired
4. A. boat B. car C. horses D. feet
【解析】在通讀全文的第一遍中,我們可以很容易地將第四空填出來,這是固定搭配jump to one’s feet (跳起來);由此也可推出第三空的答案,因為有人開始向“我們”走了過來,所以“我們”才跳了起來;再根據(jù)第一空前面的wide-awake可知,此處指的應該是“我和Josh完全清醒,坐起來,環(huán)顧四周”,所以第一空的答案為A;最后,根據(jù)句首Visitors可推知第二空的答案為B。巧用排除法解題在有些情況下,考生如果不能很有把握地直接得出某一道題的答案,可以把排除法和詞匯、語法分析結合起來運用,縮小選擇的范圍,提高正確率。如:
The woman looked carefully at me ___5___ through her glasses, and then questioned me in a low voice.
A. as usual B. for a while C. in a minute D. once again
【解析】這篇文章講述的是沒有工作經(jīng)驗的作者找到工作的故事。此題的解題關鍵詞是carefully,既然是“認真地看”,就不會是in a minute (立刻、馬上);既然互不相識,作者也未曾去找過工作,不會是as usual(像往常一樣);前面沒說已經(jīng)打量過作者一次了,所以用once again(再一次)是不合理的。所以,答案只能是B.利用邏輯關系解題嘗試從邏輯關系的高度整體上把握,就會不無驚喜地發(fā)現(xiàn)邏輯關系才是征服完形填空的最佳途徑。所謂邏輯關系并不縹緲,它就隱藏在句子中、句與句之間以及段落與段落的銜接中。通過邏輯關系的方法,我們可以通過確切、具體的線索,把答案的邏輯意義推測出來,從而在答案中尋找表現(xiàn)了相同邏輯意義的選項。這樣做,使得題目的難度大大降低。
(1) 句中邏輯關系
Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements—usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and___45___nitrogen. They are different in that their elements are arranged differently, and each vitamin performs one or more specific functions in the body.
Not everyone sees that process in perspective. It is important to do so.
It is generally recognized, ___29___, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, followed by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, although its impact in the media was not immediately apparent.
A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and___59___room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on.
A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable
【解析】本題利用相似短語之間的對比關系來命題。設空部分與下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在對比關系。作者想借此說明“相同的作業(yè)”對于“不同家庭背景的學生”所表現(xiàn)出的事實上的不公平。答案為C。利用平行結構解題平行結構指的是結構相同或相似,意思密切關聯(lián),語法一致的句子或詞組成串排列的語言現(xiàn)象。這些結構的形式整齊勻稱,內容聯(lián)系緊密。
...he would join student groups to discuss a variety of ___47___: agriculture, diving and mathematics.
A. questions B. subjects C. matters D. contents
【解析】此題后面的冒號部分有提示:agriculture,diving and mathematics是他們談話討論的話題,由此可得出本題的答案為B。根據(jù)文章的感情色彩解題考生在第一遍通讀時,應在掌握文章大意,弄清作者思路的基礎上,著重尋找反映語境褒貶性的標志性詞匯或句子,這些標志性詞匯或句子往往對文章的語境褒貶性起著決定性的作用。如:
I was so surprised that I was ___47___(speechless). My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape. ___48___(As a result), at the point in our game when I’d have predicted the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was ___49___(instead) 7 to 9 and Ed was 50 (leading).
【解析】surprised 一詞道出了情況的轉折,我們可以看到這時作者用詞的轉變。made an effort,get into shape 等這些褒義詞的使用對這些空的選擇起到了很好的引導作用。speechless, instead 都是由驚訝得出的。綜合利用各種線索解題完形填空題主要考查短文閱讀理解的能力。因此考生必須閱讀全文,弄清句子與句子之間的關系,準確理解全文。為了答好題,考生必須從字里行間尋找能夠利用的線索。如書寫和形態(tài)變化線索(graphic and morphological clues)、詞匯線索(lexical clues)、句法線索(syntactical clues)、社會文化線索(socio-cultural clues),并根據(jù)有關的線索進行猜測,作出合理的判斷。如:
And the clerk confirmed that his plane was leaving at nine o’clock three days from that day… Since he was ___44___ in three days, Andy didn’t lose any time.