本試卷共10頁(yè)。滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。
注意事項(xiàng)：
1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。
2. 作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑;如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試卷上。
3. 非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上;如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫上新的答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無(wú)效。
4. 考生必須保持答題卡的整潔。考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。
第一部分 聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的 答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1. 5分，滿分7. 5分)
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選 出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
1. What will the wman d next?
A. Write a reprt. B. Shp fr a dress C. Check her mailbx.
2. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a htel B. In a hspital C. In the wman’s huse.
3 Hw d the speakers travel int twn tday?
A. By train. B. By car. C. By bus.
4. Wh is prbably the man?
A. A stamp cllectr. B. A stamp designer. C. A stamp seller.
5. What happened t Chris and Laura?
A. They just had a baby. B. They gt married last week. C. They pened a new restaurant.
第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1. 5分，滿分22. 5分)
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A 、B 、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題 5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。
6. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Teacher and student. C. Friends.
7. What des the man plan t d?
A. Wash schl clthes. B. Check schlwrk. C. Prepare fd.
聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答8至10題。
8. When were the speakers suppsed t meet?
A. At 3: 20 p. m B. At 3: 30 p. m. C. At 3: 40 p. m.
9. Why was the wman late?
A. She was busy mving huse. B. She culdn’t find anywhere t park.
C. She went t the cafe’s previus site.
10. What des the man avid drinking nw?
A. Milk. B. Cffee. C. Juice.
聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。
11. Hw did the man get injured?
A He was hit by a car. B. He fell ver in a game. C. He was stepped n by smene.
12. Which part f the man’s bdy is injured?
A. His knee. B. His arm C. His ankle.
13. What will the wman d next?
A. Send the man hme. B. Tell the man what he shuld d.
C. Ask mre abut the man’s cnditin.
聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。
14. Where was the wman when her dg was lst?
A. In a garden. B. In a frest. C. In a field
15. Why can’t the wman fllw her dg?
A. The area is t dangerus. B. The wds are private. C. She has hurt herself.
16. What will the speakers d next?
A. Lk fr the dg in the wds. B. Call smene t help. C. G t Tina’s huse.
17. Hw des the man sund?
A. Grateful. B. Helpful. C. Anxius.
聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。
18. What is the news mainly abut?
A. Gvernment plicy changes. B. Severe weather impacts. C. Sprts event updates.
19. Hw did the gvernment respnd t the situatin?
A. It prvided temprary shelters. B. It stpped public transprtatin.
C. It rganized fund-raising activities.
20. What is the situatin f the annual fd festival?
A. It’s being held as scheduled. B. It has been cancelled. C. It has been delayed.
第二部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2. 5分，滿分37. 5分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C 和 D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Students t Cmpete in 34th Natinal Science Bwl
Thusands f students frm middle and high schls acrss the cuntry have cmmitted themselves t extra study hurs as they prepare t cmpete in the Department f Energy’s (DOE’s)34th Natinal Science Bwl(NSB). These students are hard at wrk nw t win their reginal cmpetitins, hping t advance t the final cmpetitin.
The first reginal event will take place n January 13th with high schls frm the D. C. /Maryland area. Teams will face ff in a fast-paced, questin-and-answer frmat, and their knwledge in all areas f science and mathematics will be tested. Reginals will cntinue weekly until mid-March.
The winning team frm each qualifying reginal cmpetitin will be qualified t cmpete in the Natinal Finals t be held in Washingtn, D. C. , frm April 25-29, 2024, with all expenses paid by DOE. The natinal event cnsists f several days f science activities and sightseeing, alng with the cmpetitins.
In the Natinal Finals, the tp tw teams will earn $5, 000 fr their schls’ math and science departments. Schls ranking in the tp 16 will receive $1, 000 fr their science departments. But t many, the ultimate prize is simply the hnr f winning the Natinal Champinship.
Tday, the NSB annually draws mre than 10, 000 middle and high schl cmpetitrs. Since the first cmpetitin in 1991, apprximately 344, 000 students have faced ff in the NSB Finals. The 2024 cmpetitrs will fllw in the ftsteps f previus NSB cntestants and will blaze a trail fr students in science, math, and engineering. Fr mre infrmatin, please visit the Office f Science website.
1. Which wrd can best describe the reginal cmpetitins?
A. Fair.B. Interesting.C. Special.D. Challenging
2. What can we learn abut the Natinal Finals?
A. The champinship victry is highly valued.
B. The event nly invlves fierce cmpetitins.
C. Mst f the expenses will be cvered by DOE.
D. The prize mney will be awarded t individuals.
3. What is the text?
A. A news release.B. A survey reprt.
C. A learning prject.D. A scientific review.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是新聞報(bào)道。這篇文章報(bào)道了即將舉行的第34屆全國(guó)科學(xué)碗比賽的相關(guān)信息，包括參賽學(xué)生的準(zhǔn)備情況、區(qū)域賽事的日期和形式、全國(guó)總決賽的日期和地點(diǎn)、獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)設(shè)置等。
【1題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“The first reginal event will take place n January 13th with high schls frm the D. C. /Maryland area. Teams will face ff in a fast-paced, questin-and-answer frmat, and their knwledge in all areas f science and mathematics will be tested. (第一場(chǎng)地區(qū)性活動(dòng)將于1月13日在華盛頓特區(qū)/馬里蘭地區(qū)的高中舉行。參賽隊(duì)伍將以快節(jié)奏的問(wèn)答形式進(jìn)行對(duì)決，他們?cè)谒锌茖W(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)都將受到考驗(yàn))”可知，他們?cè)谒锌茖W(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)都將受到考驗(yàn)，所以具有挑戰(zhàn)性最能形容地區(qū)比賽。故選D項(xiàng)。
【2題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“In the Natinal Finals, the tp tw teams will earn $5, 000 fr their schls’ math and science departments. Schls ranking in the tp 16 will receive $1, 000 fr their science departments. But t many, the ultimate prize is simply the hnr f winning the Natinal Champinship.(在全國(guó)總決賽中，前兩名的隊(duì)伍將為他們學(xué)校的數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)部門贏得5000美元。排名前16位的學(xué)校將獲得1000美元的科學(xué)系獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。但對(duì)許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，最終的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)只是贏得全國(guó)冠軍的榮譽(yù))”可知，全國(guó)總決賽冠軍的勝利是非常重要的。故選A項(xiàng)。
【3題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Tday, the NSB annually draws mre than 10, 000 middle and high schl cmpetitrs. Since the first cmpetitin in 1991, apprximately 344, 000 students have faced ff in the NSB Finals. The 2024 cmpetitrs will fllw in the ftsteps f previus NSB cntestants and will blaze a trail fr students in science, math, and engineering. Fr mre infrmatin, please visit the Office f Science website.(如今，NSB每年吸引超過(guò)1萬(wàn)名中學(xué)生和高中生參賽。自1991年首屆比賽以來(lái)，大約有34.4萬(wàn)名學(xué)生參加了NSB決賽。2024年的參賽者將跟隨以前NSB參賽者的腳步，為科學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)和工程方面的學(xué)生開(kāi)辟一條道路。欲了解更多信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)L問(wèn)科學(xué)辦公室網(wǎng)站)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文報(bào)道了即將舉行的第34屆全國(guó)科學(xué)碗比賽的相關(guān)信息，包括參賽學(xué)生的準(zhǔn)備情況、區(qū)域賽事的日期和形式、全國(guó)總決賽的日期和地點(diǎn)、獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)設(shè)置等，所以應(yīng)是一篇新聞稿。故選A項(xiàng)。
B
In the early 19th century, New England farmers, tired f wrestling with their pr land, jurneyed t the Midwest. In states like Illinis and Iwa, they fund rich, black sil. Unfrtunately, many sn felt like thirsty sailrs in the middle f the cean—water everywhere but nt a drp t drink. They were surrunded by fertile sil, but had t stp every few secnds t remve the sticky dirt ff their irn plws (犁) with large wden paddles. This dilemma caught the attentin f Jhn Deere, a blacksmith wh mved t Illinis in 1836.
Deere decided t lk int the prblem. Frm his previus wrk n plws, he knew that dirt was less likely t stick t highly plished metal. That thught was in the back f his mind when he visited a sawmill (鋸木廠) in 1837 and nticed a brken saw made f steel. Deere brught it hme and began making a better plw. The plw he wanted wuld have t cut deep int the sil at a sharp angle s that dirt wuld fall ff, yet it culd nt put t much burden n the hrses pulling it. After several experiments, Deere cnstructed a new plw that featured wd handles. It prved a success. Unlike the ld irn plws, Deere’s nt nly had a blade frm which dirt fell away cleanly, but it als turned the sil mre efficiently and quickly.
Demand fr Deere’s plws increased sharply, but prductin was limited by the shrtage f plished steel. Initially, Deere culd nly prduce a few plws each year. Hwever, Deere’s persistence paid ff as he surced cheaper steel frm Pittsburgh. Amazingly, in 1857, his cmpany manufactured and sld 10, 000 plws!
Deere, a perfectinist, cntinually imprved his plws, intrducing multiple new versins in a single year. While this slwed dwn his prductin ability, it ensured Deere a slid reputatin amng his custmers. Deere plws became wrld famus in the 1870s when they utshne the cmpetitin in a demnstratin in France. That same decade, his cmpany built its first riding plw and designed the leaping deer as its trademark.
4. What was the main prblem the newly settled farmers met?
A. A shrtage f fresh water.B. A lack f rich farming land.
C. The truble in handling the sil n plws.D. The difficulty f grwing plants in seasn.
5. Which aspect f the new plw des paragraph 2 fcus n?
A. Its unique features.B. Its perating methd.
C. Its inventin prcess.D. Its wrking efficiency.
6. The last paragraph is mainly abut Deere plws’____.
A. wide recgnitinB. marketing strategy
C. technical standardsD. prductin challenges
7. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. A Famed FarmerB. A Successful Cmpany
C. A Sticky PrblemD. A Histrical Experiment
【答案】4 C 5. C 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。文章講述了19世紀(jì)初期，新英格蘭的農(nóng)民遷移到中西部地區(qū)尋找肥沃的土地進(jìn)行耕作，但遇到了土壤粘附鐵犁的問(wèn)題，鐵匠約翰·迪爾發(fā)明了一種新犁來(lái)解決這一難題。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Unfrtunately, many sn felt like thirsty sailrs in the middle f the cean—water everywhere but nt a drp t drink. They were surrunded by fertile sil, but had t stp every few secnds t remve the sticky dirt ff their irn plws (犁) with large wden paddles.(不幸的是，許多人很快就覺(jué)得自己像站在海洋中央的口渴的水手——到處都是水，卻沒(méi)有一滴可喝的。他們周圍都是肥沃的土壤，但每隔幾秒鐘就得停下來(lái)，用大木槳清除鐵犁上的粘性泥土)”可知，新定居的農(nóng)民遇到的主要問(wèn)題是處理犁上的泥土很麻煩。故選C項(xiàng)。
【5題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Deere decided t lk int the prblem. Frm his previus wrk n plws, he knew that dirt was less likely t stick t highly plished metal. That thught was in the back f his mind when he visited a sawmill (鋸木廠) in 1837 and nticed a brken saw made f steel. Deere brught it hme and began making a better plw. The plw he wanted wuld have t cut deep int the sil at a sharp angle s that dirt wuld fall ff, yet it culd nt put t much burden n the hrses pulling it. After several experiments, Deere cnstructed a new plw that featured wd handles. It prved a success. Unlike the ld irn plws, Deere’s nt nly had a blade frm which dirt fell away cleanly, but it als turned the sil mre efficiently and quickly.(迪爾決定調(diào)查這個(gè)問(wèn)題。從他之前對(duì)犁的研究中，他知道泥土不太可能粘在高度拋光的金屬上。當(dāng)他在1837年參觀一家鋸木廠時(shí)，注意到一把斷了的鋼鋸時(shí)，這種想法就在他的腦海里。迪爾把它帶回家，開(kāi)始制作更好的犁。他想要的犁必須以一個(gè)尖銳的角度深深地切入土壤，這樣泥土才能掉下來(lái)，但它不能給拉它的馬帶來(lái)太大的負(fù)擔(dān)。經(jīng)過(guò)幾次實(shí)驗(yàn)，迪爾制造了一種以木柄為特色的新犁。它被證明是成功的。與老式的鐵制犁不同，迪爾的犁不僅有一個(gè)可以干凈地清除泥土的刀片，而且還能更有效、更迅速地翻土)”可知，本段關(guān)注的是新犁的發(fā)明過(guò)程。故選C項(xiàng)。
【6題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Deere, a perfectinist, cntinually imprved his plws, intrducing multiple new versins in a single year. While this slwed dwn his prductin ability, it ensured Deere a slid reputatin amng his custmers. Deere plws became wrld famus in the 1870s when they utshne the cmpetitin in a demnstratin in France. That same decade, his cmpany built its first riding plw and designed the leaping deer as its trademark.(迪爾是個(gè)追求完美的人，他不斷改進(jìn)自己的犁，一年之內(nèi)就推出了多個(gè)新版本。雖然這降低了他的生產(chǎn)能力，但卻確保了迪爾在客戶中樹(shù)立了良好的聲譽(yù)。19世紀(jì)70年代，迪爾的犁在法國(guó)的一次演示中脫穎而出，從此名揚(yáng)世界。在同一十年里，他的公司制造了第一輛乘坐式犁，并設(shè)計(jì)了跳躍的鹿作為其商標(biāo))”可知，本段主要講述了迪爾犁獲得廣泛的認(rèn)可。故選A項(xiàng)。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“In the early 19th century, New England farmers, tired f wrestling with their pr land, jurneyed t the Midwest. In states like Illinis and Iwa, they fund rich, black sil. Unfrtunately, many sn felt like thirsty sailrs in the middle f the cean—water everywhere but nt a drp t drink. They were surrunded by fertile sil, but had t stp every few secnds t remve the sticky dirt ff their irn plws (犁) with large wden paddles. This dilemma caught the attentin f Jhn Deere, a blacksmith wh mved t Illinis in 1836.(19世紀(jì)初，新英格蘭的農(nóng)民厭倦了與貧瘠的土地作斗爭(zhēng)，來(lái)到中西部。在伊利諾斯州和愛(ài)荷華州，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了肥沃的黑土。不幸的是，許多人很快就覺(jué)得自己像站在海洋中央的口渴的水手——到處都是水，卻沒(méi)有一滴可喝的。他們周圍都是肥沃的土壤，但每隔幾秒鐘就得停下來(lái)，用大木槳清除鐵犁上的粘性泥土。這種困境引起了1836年搬到伊利諾斯州的鐵匠約翰·迪爾的注意)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文講述了19世紀(jì)初期，新英格蘭的農(nóng)民遷移到中西部地區(qū)尋找肥沃的土地進(jìn)行耕作，但遇到了土壤粘附鐵犁的問(wèn)題，鐵匠約翰·迪爾發(fā)明了一種新犁來(lái)解決這一難題，所以C項(xiàng)“A Sticky Prblem(棘手的問(wèn)題)”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。
C
Five times strnger than steel, spider silk’s unique qualities were recgnized by the Ancient Greeks—and mre recently, scientists have lked at applicatins frm medicine t engineering. Nw, a Japanese startup, Spiber, has begun t change the textile industry with this remarkable material.
The cmpany started by making a substitute in the lab that is similar t spider silk in structure. After studying thusands f different spider species and ther silk-prducing life frms, Spiber successfully prduced an alternative t spider silk. This breakthrugh was achieved by fermenting (發(fā)酵) a mixture f water, sugar, and nutrients with special micrbes t prduce prtein plymers (聚合物). These plymers are then made int fibers, paving the way fr a range f innvative fabrics.
Hwever, shifting frm lab t practical applicatin presented challenges. In 2015, Spiber partnered with The Nrth Face Japan t prduce a limited-editin run f 50 “Mn Parka” jackets t celebrate the 50th anniversary f the mn landings. But during the design prcess, the team discvered that spider silk became smaller when expsed t water, and had t transfrm the prtein t make the fiber suitable fr an utdr jacket, which tk them fur years t perfect.
Currently, the cmpany uses sugarcane and crn fr its fermentatin prcess—crps that use large vlumes f land and change fd resurces. T reduce its envirnmental impact, Spiber is develping a prcess called “bisphere circulatin” that will transfrm deserted clthes made frm natural materials like cttn int the sugars needed fr fermentatin.
With apprximately 100 billin yen ($783 millin) in funding, Spiber plans t significantly speed up its prductin f prtein plymers by the end f 2025. “Mass prductin will help bring the price f fibers dwn and allw Spiber t expand beynd the high-end designer market and thus we have the means t create slutins t enable mre circular fashin,” says Higashi, head f business develpment at Spiber. “It’s ur missin t bring thse slutins t the wrld.”
8. What breakthrugh did Spiber achieve in the early research?
A. It mixed varius prtein plymers.B. It prduced a silk making machine.
C. It identified different spider species.D. It created a replacement fr spider silk.
9. What was the challenge in making the “Mn Parka” jackets?
A. High design csts.B. Spider silk’s sensitivity t water.
C. Limited raw materials.D. The partner’s unwillingness t help.
10. What can we knw abut Spiber’s “bisphere circulatin” prcess?
A. It will replace the current fermentatin prcess.
B. It will use recycled materials fr needed sugars.
C. It will prmte the develpment f fd industry.
D. It will simplify the prcedure f clthing prductin.
11. What is Spiber’s plan?
A. T raise mre mney fr mass prductin.B. T increase the utput f prtein plymers.
C. T wrk with ther high-end fashin brands.D. T develp a wider range f expensive fibers.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了一家日本初創(chuàng)公司Spiber如何利用蜘蛛絲這種獨(dú)特材料來(lái)改變紡織業(yè)，以及他們?cè)趯?shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)過(guò)程中所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和取得的進(jìn)展。
【8題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“The cmpany started by making a substitute in the lab that is similar t spider silk in structure. After studying thusands f different spider species and ther silk-prducing life frms, Spiber successfully prduced an alternative t spider silk.(該公司首先在實(shí)驗(yàn)室制造了一種結(jié)構(gòu)類似蜘蛛絲的替代品。在研究了數(shù)千種不同的蜘蛛種類和其他產(chǎn)絲的生命形式后，Spiber成功地生產(chǎn)出了蜘蛛絲的替代品)”可知，Spiber在早期研究中創(chuàng)造了蜘蛛絲的替代品。故選D項(xiàng)。
【9題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“In 2015, Spiber partnered with The Nrth Face Japan t prduce a limited-editin run f 50 “Mn Parka” jackets t celebrate the 50th anniversary f the mn landings. But during the design prcess, the team discvered that spider silk became smaller when expsed t water, and had t transfrm the prtein t make the fiber suitable fr an utdr jacket, which tk them fur years t perfect.(2015年，Spiber與The Nrth Face Japan合作，推出了限量版的50件“Mn Parka”，以慶祝人類登月50周年。但在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中，研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，蜘蛛絲遇水會(huì)變小，他們必須將蛋白質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化為適合戶外夾克的纖維，這花了他們四年的時(shí)間來(lái)完善)”可知，制作“Mn Parka”的挑戰(zhàn)是蜘蛛絲對(duì)水的敏感性。故選B項(xiàng)。
【10題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“T reduce its envirnmental impact, Spiber is develping a prcess called “bisphere circulatin” that will transfrm deserted clthes made frm natural materials like cttn int the sugars needed fr fermentatin.(為了減少對(duì)環(huán)境的影響，Spiber正在開(kāi)發(fā)一種名為“生物圈循環(huán)”的工藝，將廢棄的衣服(由棉花等天然材料制成)轉(zhuǎn)化為發(fā)酵所需的糖)”可知，Spiber的“生物圈循環(huán)”過(guò)程，將使用回收材料生產(chǎn)所需的糖。故選B項(xiàng)。
【11題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“With apprximately 100 billin yen ($783 millin) in funding, Spiber plans t significantly speed up its prductin f prtein plymers by the end f 2025.(Spiber獲得了約1000億日元(7.83億美元)的資金，計(jì)劃在2025年底前大幅加快其蛋白質(zhì)聚合物的生產(chǎn)速度)”可知，Spiber的計(jì)劃是增加蛋白質(zhì)聚合物的產(chǎn)量。故選B項(xiàng)。
D
When instant cake mixes first appeared in the 1950s, American husewives were dubtful. These mixes, prmising easy cake-baking, felt t easy. The manufacturers discvered that requiring the additin f an egg in the baking prcess was just enugh t make the husewives happy with their wrk. The greater sense f effrt gained frm a little extra labr is believed t have been essential t the later success f the cake mix.
This reflects the IKEA effect (宜家效應(yīng)), which is identified by psychlgist Michael I. Nrtn and his clleagues, suggesting we place greater value n things we have wrked t create. They cnducted fur studies in which they asked participants t fld paper cranes and frgs, assemble IKEA bxes, and build sets f Legs. They then asked the builders t bid (出價(jià)) fr their creatins, and cmpared the prices with bids frm peple wh hadn’t built them. The builders cnsistently utbid the nn-builders.
Interestingly, the IKEA effect wrks even when peple have n pprtunity t fully persnalize their creatins. While mst participants’ flding skills left much t be desired, they lved their imperfectly persnalized prducts all the mre. Builders valued their wrinkled crane-like creatins nearly five times as much as nn-builders. Beauty, it seems, is in the eye f the builder.
Tday, as cities are suffering frm severe husing crises, the IKEA effect can give us insight int the well-being benefits f a self-building apprach t husing develpment. Prjects like WikiHuse and the “half-a-huse” apprach pineered by Alejandr Aravena’s architecture cmpany Elemental are wrking t make husing mre affrdable and sustainable by making it easier fr peple t build and persnalize their wn hmes.
“The mment peple are invlved with their built envirnment, they have a ttally different relatinship t it,” WikiHuse c-funder Alastair Parvin explained. “When the rf starts leaking r a dr starts creaking, they have the pwer t fix it themselves.”
12. What brught custmers the jy f cake-baking accrding t paragraph 1?
A. A better taste.B. An easy apprach.
C. A detailed recipe.D. An additinal effrt.
13. What des the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 imply?
A. Creatins are based n skills.B. Extra labr increases perceived value.
C. Beauty is fund thrugh cntrast.D. Strict management brings gd quality.
14. What is Alastair Parvin’s attitude twards public invlvement in husing?
A. Critical.B. Objective.C. Dubtful.D. Supprtive.
15. What’s the purpse f this text?
A. T prmte a brand.B. T make a prpsal.
C. T explain a cncept.D. T intrduce a study.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。本文通過(guò)討論宜家效應(yīng)以及幾個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的結(jié)果，論述了人們更加珍視自己親手創(chuàng)造的東西，并由此引發(fā)了對(duì)自我建造住房的好處的思考。
【12題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“The manufacturers discvered that requiring the additin f an egg in the baking prcess was just enugh t make the husewives happy with their wrk. The greater sense f effrt gained frm a little extra labr is believed t have been essential t the later success f the cake mix.(制造商發(fā)現(xiàn)，在烘焙過(guò)程中加入一個(gè)雞蛋就足以讓主婦們對(duì)自己的工作感到滿意。從一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)額外的勞動(dòng)中獲得的更大的努力感被認(rèn)為是蛋糕粉后來(lái)成功的關(guān)鍵)”可知，額外的努力給顧客帶來(lái)了蛋糕烘焙的樂(lè)趣。故選D項(xiàng)。
【13題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前文“Interestingly, the IKEA effect wrks even when peple have n pprtunity t fully persnalize their creatins. While mst participants’ flding skills left much t be desired, they lved their imperfectly persnalized prducts all the mre. Builders valued their wrinkled crane-like creatins nearly five times as much as nn-builders.(有趣的是，即使人們沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)完全個(gè)性化他們的作品，宜家效應(yīng)也會(huì)起作用。雖然大多數(shù)參與者的折疊技巧還有很多不足之處，但他們更喜歡自己不完美的個(gè)性化產(chǎn)品。建筑商對(duì)他們皺巴巴的像起重機(jī)一樣的創(chuàng)造物的估價(jià)幾乎是非建筑商的五倍)”可知，本段主要講述額外的勞動(dòng)會(huì)讓參與者更喜歡自己的作品，所以Beauty, it seems, is in the eye f the builder.意為“額外的勞動(dòng)增加了感知價(jià)值”。故選B項(xiàng)。
【14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““The mment peple are invlved with their built envirnment, they have a ttally different relatinship t it,” WikiHuse c-funder Alastair Parvin explained. “When the rf starts leaking r a dr starts creaking, they have the pwer t fix it themselves.”(WikiHuse的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人Alastair Parvin解釋說(shuō)：“當(dāng)人們參與到他們的建筑環(huán)境中時(shí)，他們與環(huán)境的關(guān)系就完全不同了。”“當(dāng)屋頂開(kāi)始漏水或門開(kāi)始吱吱作響時(shí)，他們有能力自己修理?！?”可知，Alastair Parvin認(rèn)為公眾參與住房建設(shè)，他們與環(huán)境的關(guān)系就完全不同了，所以是持支持的態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。
【15題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“This reflects the IKEA effect (宜家效應(yīng)), which is identified by psychlgist Michael I. Nrtn and his clleagues, suggesting we place greater value n things we have wrked t create. They cnducted fur studies in which they asked participants t fld paper cranes and frgs, assemble IKEA bxes, and build sets f Legs. They then asked the builders t bid (出價(jià)) fr their creatins, and cmpared the prices with bids frm peple wh hadn’t built them. The builders cnsistently utbid the nn-builders.(這反映了心理學(xué)家邁克爾·i·諾頓(Michael I. Nrtn)及其同事發(fā)現(xiàn)的宜家效應(yīng)(IKEA effect)，即我們更看重自己努力創(chuàng)造的東西。他們進(jìn)行了四項(xiàng)研究，要求參與者折疊紙鶴和青蛙，組裝宜家盒子，搭建樂(lè)高積木。然后，他們要求建筑商為他們的作品出價(jià)，并將價(jià)格與沒(méi)有建造這些作品的人的出價(jià)進(jìn)行比較。建筑商的出價(jià)始終高于非建筑商)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要解釋什么是宜家效應(yīng)(IKEA effect)，所以本文的目的是解釋一個(gè)概念。故選C項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2. 5分，滿分12. 5分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
I run a lt f writing wrkshps in secndary schls and what I ften see is this: teenagers in class just lk at the blank page and freeze. Even when I assure them they can’t get it wrng in creative writing, they still pause and feel painful, lking t me fr clear and definite instructins. This behavir results frm their training t mimic (模仿). ___16___ In time, they are terrified f getting things wrng and risking failure. Creativity is n lnger advcated and is even viewed as a sft skill, r even a weakness.
Hwever, creativity is highly valued by emplyers. Accrding t The Cnversatin, creativity has been the number-ne skill demanded by 20 millin jb ads n LinkedIn fr tw years in a rw. ___17___ Due t limited educatinal resurces and assessment pressures, teenagers’ thinking becmes increasingly narrw, leaving them afraid t explre ther pssibilities.
___18___ It’s just an ability t make new cnnectins and fllw where they g. Actually, creativity requires qualities available t us all: curage, bservatin, curisity, flexibility and perseverance.
S hw d we help teenagers be hpeful and brave? Firstly, we need t avid the idea that their entire futures depend n this very assignment r that decisin. ___19___ There is n right way t live a life. Secndly, let’s encurage inquiry. Children are naturally curius, but this curisity ften fades as they grw lder, althugh it still exists within them. Just because they lack answers desn’t mean they shuldn’t ask questins; rather, they shuld ask even mre. ___20___
Yung peple need reminding that their stries haven’t been written. They need pprtunities t try new things. They need permissin t keep asking “what else is pssible?” because anything is.
A. But in schls, it is different.
B. Being creative isn’t a magical skill.
C. It allws us t understand their feelings better.
D. They knw it is a safe way t get gd grades.
E. The main prblem is hw t keep thse creative juices flwing.
F. Life is lng enugh t try many things, and t change directins.
G. The universe is held tgether with unanswered questins and endless pssibilities.
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. B 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要討論了青少年創(chuàng)造力缺失的問(wèn)題，分析了其背后的原因，并提出了如何幫助青少年培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造力的建議。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“I run a lt f writing wrkshps in secndary schls and what I ften see is this: teenagers in class just lk at the blank page and freeze. Even when I assure them they can’t get it wrng in creative writing, they still pause and feel painful, lking t me fr clear and definite instructins. This behavir results frm their training t mimic (模仿). (我在中學(xué)舉辦了很多寫作研討會(huì)，我經(jīng)?？吹竭@樣的情況：青少年在課堂上只是看著空白頁(yè)，然后僵住了。即使我向他們保證，他們?cè)趧?chuàng)意寫作中不會(huì)出錯(cuò)，他們?nèi)匀粫?huì)停下來(lái)，感到痛苦，向我尋求清晰明確的指導(dǎo)。這種行為源于它們的模仿訓(xùn)練。)”可知，D項(xiàng)“They knw it is a safe way t get gd grades. (他們知道這是獲得好成績(jī)的安全方法)”是對(duì)前文行為的進(jìn)一步解釋。故選D項(xiàng)。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“Hwever, creativity is highly valued by emplyers. Accrding t The Cnversatin, creativity has been the number-ne skill demanded by 20 millin jb ads n LinkedIn fr tw years in a rw. (然而，創(chuàng)造力受到雇主的高度重視。據(jù)The Cnversatin網(wǎng)站報(bào)道，連續(xù)兩年，在領(lǐng)英(LinkedIn)上的2000萬(wàn)個(gè)招聘廣告中，創(chuàng)造力一直是最需要的技能。)”以及后文“Due t limited educatinal resurces and assessment pressures, teenagers’ thinking becmes increasingly narrw, leaving them afraid t explre ther pssibilities. (由于有限的教育資源和考核壓力，青少年的思維變得越來(lái)越狹隘，使他們不敢探索其他的可能性。)”可知前文講述，工作中需要有創(chuàng)造力，后文講述由于有限的教育資源和考核壓力，青少年的思維變得越來(lái)越狹隘，所以前后文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，A項(xiàng)“But in schls, it is different. (但在學(xué)校，情況就不同了。)”符合文意，和前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，引出后文。故選A項(xiàng)。
【18題詳解】
分析設(shè)空，位于段首，應(yīng)是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“It’s just an ability t make new cnnectins and fllw where they g. Actually, creativity requires qualities available t us all: curage, bservatin, curisity, flexibility and perseverance. (這只是一種建立新關(guān)系并跟隨他們前進(jìn)的能力。實(shí)際上，創(chuàng)造力需要我們所有人都具備的品質(zhì)：勇氣、觀察力、好奇心、靈活性和毅力。)”可知，本段在介紹什么是創(chuàng)造力，所以B項(xiàng)“Being creative isn’t a magical skill. (創(chuàng)造力并不是一種神奇的技能。)”符合本段主題，為本段中心句。故選B項(xiàng)。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“S hw d we help teenagers be hpeful and brave? Firstly, we need t avid the idea that their entire futures depend n this very assignment r that decisin. (那么我們?nèi)绾螏椭嗌倌瓿錆M希望和勇敢呢?首先，我們需要避免這樣的想法，即他們的整個(gè)未來(lái)取決于這個(gè)任務(wù)或那個(gè)決定。)”以及后文“There is n right way t live a life. (沒(méi)有正確的生活方式。)”可知，此處在講述，沒(méi)有特定的方法幫助青少年充滿希望和勇敢，所以F項(xiàng)“Life is lng enugh t try many things, and t change directins. (生命足夠長(zhǎng)，可以嘗試很多事情，也可以改變方向。)”承接上文，下文則是對(duì)本句的進(jìn)一步解釋。故選F項(xiàng)。
【20題詳解】
空處位于段尾，是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Secndly, let’s encurage inquiry. Children are naturally curius, but this curisity ften fades as they grw lder, althugh it still exists within them. Just because they lack answers desn’t mean they shuldn’t ask questins; rather, they shuld ask even mre. (其次，讓我們鼓勵(lì)詢問(wèn)。孩子們天生好奇，但這種好奇心往往隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而消失，盡管它仍然存在于他們心中。僅僅因?yàn)樗麄儧](méi)有答案并不意味著他們不應(yīng)該問(wèn)問(wèn)題；相反，他們應(yīng)該要求更多。)”可知，此處講述鼓勵(lì)孩子的好奇心，所以G項(xiàng)“The universe is held tgether with unanswered questins and endless pssibilities. (宇宙是由未解之謎和無(wú)限可能性組成的。)”符合此處主題，是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)。故選G項(xiàng)。
第三部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A 、B 、C 、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Kwane Stewart, a devted vet (獸醫(yī)) in San Dieg, had reached a pint f burnut in his career. The animal ___21___ where he wrked was full f abandned pets as peple ___22___ t deal with the nging ecnmic decline. In thse days, animals wuld be euthanized (安樂(lè)死) if they weren’t ___23___ in seven days. The cruel reality deeply trubled Stewart, even leading him t cnsider ___24___ his prfessin.
One fateful day, utside a cnvenience stre, he ___25___ a hmeless man with a dg suffering frm a visible skin issue. The man, ___26___ fr a slutin, shared his dg’s suffering. Stewart examined the dg and then ___27___ sme medicine t him. In tears, the man thanked Stewart, saying “Thank yu fr nt ___28___ me”. The very wrds served as a wakeup call t Steward and inspired his next ___29___ .
Stewart began wrking as a street vet during his free time, determined t ___30___ n his wn. Over a nine-year perid, he prvided ___31___ medical care fr ver 1,000 hmeless peple and their pets and in 2020, he created a nnprfit rganizatin Prject Street Vet.
Fr Stewart, the mst rewarding aspect f his wrk lies in the ne-n-ne ___32___ with the hmeless. By ___33___ helping their cherished cmpanin, Stewart helps ___34___ their faith in humanity. Their gratitude fuels him t cntinue his missin, ffering ___35___ t thse facing awful circumstances.
21.
A. shpB. shelterC. labD. farm
22.
A. struggledB. managedC. intendedD. hesitated
23.
A. trainedB. examinedC. adptedD. selected
24.
A. assessingB. advancingC. delayingD. quitting
25.
A. mentinedB. interviewedC. recgnizedD. encuntered
26.
A. regretfulB. desperateC. gratefulD. respnsible
27.
A. deliveredB. sldC. fferedD. returned
28.
A. ignringB. hurtingC. blamingD. bthering
29.
A. gameB. chapterC. firmD. research
30.
A. have a tryB. keep a balanceC. make a differenceD. set an example
31.
A. freeB. safeC. expensiveD. private
32.
A. decisinsB. cnnectinsC. discussinsD. cmpetitins
33.
A. slightlyB. hardlyC. simplyD. generally
34.
A. celebrateB. fllwC. testD. restre
35.
A. hpeB. freedmC. prideD. respect
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了圣地亞哥的一位敬業(yè)的獸醫(yī)Kwane Stewart的職業(yè)經(jīng)歷和個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)。
【21題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他工作動(dòng)物收容所到處都是被遺棄的寵物，因?yàn)槿藗冋谂?yīng)對(duì)持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。A. shp商店；B. shelter收容所；C. lab實(shí)驗(yàn)室；D. farm農(nóng)場(chǎng)。根據(jù)前文“Kwane Stewart, a devted vet (獸醫(yī)) in San Dieg, had reached a pint f burnut in his career.”可知，Kwane Stewart是名獸醫(yī)，所以應(yīng)是在動(dòng)物收容所工作。故選B項(xiàng)。
【22題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他工作的動(dòng)物收容所到處都是被遺棄的寵物，因?yàn)槿藗冋谂?yīng)對(duì)持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。A. struggled努力；B. managed設(shè)法做到；C. intended打算；D. hesitated猶豫。根據(jù)后文“deal with the nging ecnmic decline”可知，應(yīng)是努力應(yīng)對(duì)持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退符合實(shí)際。故選A項(xiàng)。
【23題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在那個(gè)時(shí)候，如果動(dòng)物在7天內(nèi)沒(méi)有被收養(yǎng)，就會(huì)被安樂(lè)死。A. trained培訓(xùn)；B. examined檢查；C. adpted收養(yǎng)；D. selected選擇。根據(jù)前文“In thse days, animals wuld be euthanized”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，應(yīng)是“如果動(dòng)物在7天內(nèi)沒(méi)有被收養(yǎng)，就會(huì)被安樂(lè)死”符合實(shí)際。故選C項(xiàng)。
【24題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：殘酷的現(xiàn)實(shí)深深困擾著斯圖爾特，甚至導(dǎo)致他考慮辭職。A. assessing評(píng)估；B. advancing發(fā)展；C. delaying延遲；D. quitting離開(kāi)。根據(jù)前文“The cruel reality deeply trubled Stewart”可知，動(dòng)物會(huì)被安樂(lè)死深深困擾著斯圖爾特，讓他考慮辭職。故選D項(xiàng)。
【25題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，在一家便利店外面，他遇到了一個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的人，他的狗明顯有皮膚問(wèn)題。A. mentined提到；B. interviewed采訪；C. recgnized認(rèn)識(shí)；D. encuntered偶然碰到。根據(jù)前文“One fateful day, utside a cnvenience stre”可知，在一家便利店外面應(yīng)是偶然碰到一個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的人。故選D項(xiàng)。
【26題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)渴望解決辦法的男人和他的狗一樣痛苦。A. regretful遺憾的；B. desperate渴望的；C. grateful感激的；D. respnsible負(fù)責(zé)的。根據(jù)后文“shared his dg’s suffering.”可知，男人和他的狗一樣痛苦，所以他應(yīng)是渴望解決辦法。故選B項(xiàng)。
【27題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：斯圖爾特檢查了狗，然后給它開(kāi)了一些藥。A. delivered遞送；B. sld出售；C. ffered提供；D. returned退還。根據(jù)前文“Stewart examined the dg”以及后文“sme medicine t him”可知，應(yīng)是斯圖爾特檢查了狗，然后給它開(kāi)了一些藥。故選C項(xiàng)。
【28題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這名男子流著淚感謝斯圖爾特，說(shuō)：“謝謝你沒(méi)有忽視我?！盇. ignring忽視；B. hurting(使)疼痛；C. blaming指責(zé)；D. bthering打擾。根據(jù)前文“One fateful day, utside a cnvenience stre, he 5 a hmeless man with a dg suffering frm a visible skin issue.”可知，男人是一個(gè)流浪漢，所以應(yīng)是感謝斯圖爾特沒(méi)有忽視他。故選A項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這句話給斯圖爾德敲響了警鐘，激發(fā)了他的新篇章。A. game游戲；B. chapter篇章；C. firm公司；D. research研究。根據(jù)下文“Stewart began wrking as a street vet during his free time”可知，斯圖爾特在空閑時(shí)間開(kāi)始做街頭獸醫(yī)，所以是激發(fā)了他的新篇章。故選B項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：斯圖爾特在空閑時(shí)間開(kāi)始做街頭獸醫(yī)，決心靠自己的力量做出改變。A. have a try試試；B. keep a balance保持平衡；C. make a difference有影響；D. set an example樹(shù)立榜樣。根據(jù)前文“Stewart began wrking as a street vet during his free time”可知，斯圖爾特在空閑時(shí)間開(kāi)始做街頭獸醫(yī)，應(yīng)是“決心靠自己的力量做出改變”。故選C項(xiàng)。
【31題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在9年的時(shí)間里，他為1000多名無(wú)家可歸者和他們的寵物提供了免費(fèi)醫(yī)療服務(wù)，并在2020年創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)非營(yíng)利組織“街頭獸醫(yī)項(xiàng)目”。A. free免費(fèi)的；B. safe平安的；C. expensive昂貴的；D. private私人的。根據(jù)后文“in 2020, he created a nnprfit rganizatin Prject Street Vet.”可知，斯圖爾特成立了非營(yíng)利組織，所以應(yīng)是他提供免費(fèi)醫(yī)療服務(wù)。故選A項(xiàng)。
【32題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)斯圖爾特來(lái)說(shuō)，他的工作最有價(jià)值的方面在于與無(wú)家可歸者一對(duì)一的聯(lián)系。A. decisins決定；B. cnnectins連接；C. discussins討論；D. cmpetitins比賽。根據(jù)后文“Their gratitude fuels him t cntinue his missin, ffering 15 t thse facing awful circumstances.”可知，無(wú)家可歸者對(duì)他的感激激勵(lì)著他，所以是他的工作最有價(jià)值的方面在于與無(wú)家可歸者一對(duì)一的聯(lián)系。故選B項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單地幫助他們珍愛(ài)的同伴，斯圖爾特幫助他們恢復(fù)了對(duì)人性的信心。A. slightly稍微；B. hardly幾乎不；C. simply簡(jiǎn)單地；D. generally通常。根據(jù)前文“Over a nine-year perid, he prvided 11 medical care fr ver 1,000 hmeless peple and their pets”可知，斯圖爾特為無(wú)家可歸者提供免費(fèi)醫(yī)療，應(yīng)是通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單地幫助他們珍愛(ài)的同伴。故選C項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單地幫助他們珍愛(ài)的同伴，斯圖爾特幫助他們恢復(fù)了對(duì)人性的信心。A. celebrate慶祝；B. fllw跟隨；C. test測(cè)試；D. restre恢復(fù)。根據(jù)后文“their faith in humanity”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，應(yīng)是“幫助他們恢復(fù)了對(duì)人性的信心”符合實(shí)際。故選D項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的感激激勵(lì)著他繼續(xù)他的使命，為那些面臨惡劣環(huán)境的人帶來(lái)希望。A. hpe希望；B. freedm自由；C. pride自豪；D. respect尊敬。根據(jù)前文“Stewart helps 14 their faith in humanity.”可知，斯圖爾特幫助他們恢復(fù)了對(duì)人性的信心，也就是為那些面臨惡劣環(huán)境的人帶來(lái)希望。故選A項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1. 5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Tang Yan gave up a prmising career in 1992 t save an almst lst art—that f “Beijing silk figurine” (北京絹人) . In 1997, she established a studi with five ther enthusiasts. Then they spent ___36___ entire year making several figurines, nly t find there was n market fr their prducts.
“A figurine culd cst ___37___ (basic) the annual salary f many peple at the time due t precius materials and cmplicated handicraft techniques. ” Tang said. “Many ptential custmers were amazed by the beauty f ur prducts, but their price ___38___ (drive) them away.”
The first failure taught Tang ___39___ they needed: finding ways t reduce prductin csts. She made many creative and bld ___40___ (adaptatin) t the traditinal figurines, like using machines t paint the clthes. These measures cut the price t less than a tenth f the ___41___ (rigin) ne. Hwever, ___42___ (lend) the dlls a sense f delicacy and craftsmanship, she preserved several handmade prcesses fr hair and makeup.
After decades f whle-hearted devtin ___43___ the craft, Tang nw runs her wn Beijing figurine prduct brand Tang Wawa. “Girls in China need their wn dlls. When I was little, dlls ___44___ (call) yangwawa, meaning Western dlls.” Tang cntinued. “I wanted t create dlls ___45___ (bear) a cultural cnnectin t Chinese peple, figurines with a rich histrical implicatin. ”
【答案】36. an 37. basically
38. drve 39. what
40. adaptatins
41. riginal
42. t lend
43. t 44. were called
45. bearing
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是新聞報(bào)道。這篇文章詳細(xì)描述了Tang Yan如何放棄有前途事業(yè)，投身于拯救瀕臨失傳的“北京絹人”藝術(shù)，并詳細(xì)介紹了她在創(chuàng)業(yè)過(guò)程中所遇到的挑戰(zhàn)和困難，以及她如何通過(guò)創(chuàng)新和改良來(lái)降低成本，并最終成功創(chuàng)建了自己的“唐娃娃”品牌。
【36題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：然后他們花了整整一年的時(shí)間制作了幾個(gè)小雕像，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的產(chǎn)品沒(méi)有市場(chǎng)。year是可數(shù)名詞，句中用的單數(shù)，空前應(yīng)用不定冠詞修飾表示“一”，entire為元音音素開(kāi)頭，用an修飾。故填an。
【37題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：由于材料珍貴，工藝復(fù)雜，一個(gè)小雕像的成本相當(dāng)于當(dāng)時(shí)很多人的年薪。空處修飾空前的動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)該用副詞修飾，basic的副詞形式是basically。故填basically。
【38題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：許多潛在客戶對(duì)我們產(chǎn)品的美麗感到驚訝，但他們的價(jià)格卻把他們趕走了。本句是but連接的并列句，drive作后句的謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)前文were amazed可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填drve。
【39題詳解】
考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：第一次失敗教會(huì)了唐他們所需要的：找到降低生產(chǎn)成本的方法?？仗幰龑?dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，且意義為“……的事物”，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。故填what。
【40題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：她對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的小雕像做了許多有創(chuàng)意和大膽的改編，比如用機(jī)器給衣服上色?？涨笆切稳菰~，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語(yǔ)，adaptatin意為“改編本”，為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)前文的many可知，用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填adaptatins。
【41題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：這些措施把價(jià)格降到了原來(lái)的十分之一以下?？蘸笫敲~，所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語(yǔ)，rigin的形容詞形式是riginal。故填riginal。
【42題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：然而，為了給娃娃增添精致和工藝感，她保留了一些手工制作的發(fā)型和妝容。本句已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞preserved，所以lend用非謂語(yǔ)形式，根據(jù)句意，此處表目的，用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填t lend。
【43題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：經(jīng)過(guò)幾十年的全身心投入，唐現(xiàn)在經(jīng)營(yíng)著自己的北京絹人產(chǎn)品品牌“唐娃娃”。此處是固定搭配：devtin t意為“獻(xiàn)身于”。故填t。
【44題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)我還小的時(shí)候，娃娃被稱為yangwawa，意思是西方娃娃。call作本句謂語(yǔ)，和主語(yǔ)dlls之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，根據(jù)前文的was，可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填were called。
【45題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我想制作與中國(guó)人有文化聯(lián)系的娃娃，以及具有豐富歷史內(nèi)涵的絹人。本句已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞wanted，所以bear用非謂語(yǔ)形式，和邏輯主語(yǔ)dll之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作定語(yǔ)。故填bearing。
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
46. 假定你是李華，你負(fù)責(zé)的小組項(xiàng)目“Surveying Students’ English Nvel Reading” 在學(xué)校項(xiàng)目評(píng)比中獲獎(jiǎng)，現(xiàn)受校英語(yǔ)俱樂(lè)部邀請(qǐng)作該項(xiàng)目的介紹。請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)寫一篇發(fā)言稿，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 實(shí)施過(guò)程；
2. 組員感受。
注意：
1. 寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；
2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear English Club members,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank yu.
【答案】Dear English Club members,
It's my great hnr t share with yu ur grup prject “Surveying Students' English Nvel Reading.” Our prject began with the creatin f a well- runded questinnaire cvering students' favrite genres, reading frequency, preferred frmats, etc, After distributing questinnaires and cnducting interviews amng 500 sehlmates, we cllected a wealth f valuable data. Fllwing a careful analysis, we finally drew imprtant cnclusins regarding students’ English nvel reading.
This prject has been incredibly rewarding, raising ur awareness f teamwrk and fstering ur research abilities. Mre imprtantly, learning abut ur peers' reading habits has sparked ur self-reflectin and encuraged us t dive int English literature. That's all abut ur prject.
Thank yu.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生用英語(yǔ)寫一篇發(fā)言稿，介紹自己負(fù)責(zé)的小組項(xiàng)目“Surveying Students’English Nvel Reading” 。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
開(kāi)始：begin→start
重要的：imprtant→significant
鼓勵(lì)：encurage→mtivate
引發(fā)：spark→trigger
2.句式拓展
簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句
原句：This prject has been incredibly rewarding, raising ur awareness f teamwrk and fstering ur research abilities.
拓展句：This prject has been incredibly rewarding, which raises ur awareness f teamwrk and fstering ur research abilities.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】Mre imprtantly, learning abut ur peers’ reading habits has sparked ur self- reflectin and encuraged us t dive int English literature.（運(yùn)用了動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)）
【高分句型2】Fllwing a careful analysis, we finally drew imprtant cnclusins regarding students’ English nvel reading.（運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)）
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
47. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
I std in the restaurant kitchen, my eyes wide, arms hanging awkwardly, ready t wrk but unsure f what t d. “Yu will be trained first,” my manager Aarn said, “and d remember t check every detail!” With these wrds, he walked away.
A wrkmate threw me a dish brush and said, “Let’s get started.” He intrduced me t the basics f washing dishes and demnstrated the prcess. This was the beginning f my part-time jb, a new stage where I was bth eager t learn and anxius abut the challenges ahead.
On a Friday night, Aarn swiftly entered the kitchen. “Wh has just bused (收拾) the back right table?” he shuted, his vice sharp with urgency. My hands, slippery with bubbles frm the bwl I was washing, nearly let it slip thrugh my fingers. I wanted t say I was guilty, but Aarn’s cld stare didn’t prmise a happy reward fr the guy wh admitted. Finally, a mix f fear and my wn cnscience pushed the respnse ut f my muth.
“I did, Aarn.”
“What were yu thinking? Get back ut here and lk at what yu missed!” His wrds frced me frward. I grabbed a rag (抹布) and fllwed him ut t table twenty-tw. As we made ur way thrugh the restaurant, he said smething abut rags, but I didn’t hear clearly with ther cnversatins ging n arund us.
I quickly realized the true issue was the mess beneath the table. A nearly full cup f beer had tipped ver, creating a small lake n the flr. It was a significant mistake n my part. “Take care f it!” Aarn tuned and strmed ff t the frnt f the restaurant.
I drpped dwn t clean up the beer. That was when anther prblem ccurred. I had brught nly ne rag. One already wet rag. It did nthing but increase the size f the lake. “Mre rags,” I thught. Immediately, I rushed int the kitchen and hurriedly grabbed five dry rags, hping Aarn wuldn’t ntice my brief absence.
注意：1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右；
2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
I had just rushed ut when I fund Aarn standing in my way.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After cleaning up the mess, I reflected n Aarn’s wrds.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
I had just rushed ut when I fund Aarn standing in my way. “What’s up” he asked sharply, his eyes fixed n me. Feeling the weight f my mistake, I stammered nervusly, “I need dry ” Upn hearing this, Aarn let ut a heavy sigh. “Yu shuld have checked every detail,” he remarked, a hint f disappintment in his vice. “This jb isn’t just abut reacting, it’s als abut being careful. Nw, g clean that up!” Aviding his gaze, I dashed twards table twenty-tw. With an ample supply f rags, I threw myself int the task, tirelessly mpping, scrubbing, and wiping.
After cleaning up the mess, I reflected n Aarn’s wrds. They were sharp but abslutely right. My inexperience and initial anxiety in this new jb had led me t verlk crucial details, and I shuld have been mre mindful f my wrk. Taking a deep breath, I returned t my duties, bearing Aarn’s wrds in mind. With very dish washed and every table cleared, I made sure t duble-check my wrk. Everything went well and sn I realized this carefulness wuld nt just apply t cleaning; it wuld influence every aspect f my jb, preparing me t embrace any challenge with respnsibility and cnfidence.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文以人物為線索展開(kāi)，講述了作者剛?cè)肼氁患也宛^，經(jīng)理Aarn要求作者檢查每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，但是一天作者因?yàn)榇中臎](méi)有收拾好桌子，當(dāng)他準(zhǔn)備再次準(zhǔn)備收拾時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己拿的抹布不夠，又再次回去拿抹布，被Aarn再次提醒要注意細(xì)節(jié)，此次事件讓作者明白工作中細(xì)心的重要性。
【詳解】1. 段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“我剛沖出去，就發(fā)現(xiàn)亞倫擋了我的路?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫作者不細(xì)心的情況再次被Aarn看到，以及Aarn對(duì)作者的再次告誡。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“收拾完殘局后，我回想起亞倫的話?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫作者通過(guò)這次事件，獲得的感悟。
2. 續(xù)寫線索：犯錯(cuò)——Aarn指出錯(cuò)誤——發(fā)現(xiàn)抹布不夠——回去拿——被Aarn再次看見(jiàn)——告誡——感悟。
3. 詞匯激活
行為類
①全身心地投入到任務(wù)中：threw myself int the task/devted myself t the task/immersed myself in the task
②認(rèn)識(shí)到：realize/cmprehend/became aware
情緒類
①焦慮：anxiety/tensin/nervusness
②失望：disappintment/frustratin
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]With very dish washed and every table cleared, I made sure t duble-check my wrk.(with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))
[高分句型2]Everything went well and sn I realized this carefulness wuld nt just apply t cleaning; it wuld influence every aspect f my jb, preparing me t embrace any challenge with respnsibility and cnfidence.(省略that的賓語(yǔ)從句)
聽(tīng)力1-5 CABAA 6-10 ACACA 11-15 BCBCB 16-20 CBBAC

相關(guān)試卷

浙江省臺(tái)州市2024屆高三下學(xué)期二模英語(yǔ)試題：

這是一份浙江省臺(tái)州市2024屆高三下學(xué)期二模英語(yǔ)試題，共7頁(yè)。

浙江省臺(tái)州市2024屆高三下學(xué)期二模英語(yǔ)試題：

這是一份浙江省臺(tái)州市2024屆高三下學(xué)期二模英語(yǔ)試題，共9頁(yè)。試卷主要包含了閱讀，第二節(jié)，語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用，第一節(jié)，語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用，第二節(jié)，寫作等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。

2024屆浙江省臺(tái)州市高三下學(xué)期二模英語(yǔ)試題及答案（含聽(tīng)力）：

這是一份2024屆浙江省臺(tái)州市高三下學(xué)期二模英語(yǔ)試題及答案（含聽(tīng)力），文件包含2024屆浙江省臺(tái)州市高三下學(xué)期二模英語(yǔ)試題docx、2024屆浙江省臺(tái)州市高三下學(xué)期二模英語(yǔ)mp3等2份試卷配套教學(xué)資源，其中試卷共9頁(yè)， 歡迎下載使用。

英語(yǔ)朗讀寶

相關(guān)試卷 更多

2024屆浙江省臺(tái)州市高三下學(xué)期二模英語(yǔ)試題（原卷版+解析版）

2024屆浙江省臺(tái)州市高三下學(xué)期二模英語(yǔ)試題（原卷版+解析版）
浙江省臺(tái)州市2024屆高三下學(xué)期4月二模試題 英語(yǔ)試題

浙江省臺(tái)州市2024屆高三下學(xué)期4月二模試題 英語(yǔ)試題
2023年浙江省臺(tái)州市高三二模英語(yǔ)試題及答案

2023年浙江省臺(tái)州市高三二模英語(yǔ)試題及答案
2023屆浙江省臺(tái)州市高三下學(xué)期第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量評(píng)估英語(yǔ)試題含解析

2023屆浙江省臺(tái)州市高三下學(xué)期第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量評(píng)估英語(yǔ)試題含解析
資料下載及使用幫助
版權(quán)申訴
版權(quán)申訴
若您為此資料的原創(chuàng)作者，認(rèn)為該資料內(nèi)容侵犯了您的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)，請(qǐng)掃碼添加我們的相關(guān)工作人員，我們盡可能的保護(hù)您的合法權(quán)益。
入駐教習(xí)網(wǎng)，可獲得資源免費(fèi)推廣曝光，還可獲得多重現(xiàn)金獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，申請(qǐng) 精品資源制作， 工作室入駐。
版權(quán)申訴二維碼
高考專區(qū)
歡迎來(lái)到教習(xí)網(wǎng)
  • 900萬(wàn)優(yōu)選資源，讓備課更輕松
  • 600萬(wàn)優(yōu)選試題，支持自由組卷
  • 高質(zhì)量可編輯，日均更新2000+
  • 百萬(wàn)教師選擇，專業(yè)更值得信賴
微信掃碼注冊(cè)
qrcode
二維碼已過(guò)期
刷新

微信掃碼，快速注冊(cè)

手機(jī)號(hào)注冊(cè)
手機(jī)號(hào)碼

手機(jī)號(hào)格式錯(cuò)誤

手機(jī)驗(yàn)證碼 獲取驗(yàn)證碼

手機(jī)驗(yàn)證碼已經(jīng)成功發(fā)送，5分鐘內(nèi)有效

設(shè)置密碼

6-20個(gè)字符，數(shù)字、字母或符號(hào)

注冊(cè)即視為同意教習(xí)網(wǎng)「注冊(cè)協(xié)議」及「隱私條款」
QQ注冊(cè)
手機(jī)號(hào)注冊(cè)
微信注冊(cè)

注冊(cè)成功

返回
頂部