一、未知
Over 20 years ag, Virginia Squier led sme students t visit England. She als brught alng her 8-year-ld daughter Chambers.
One day at arund 5 pm, they were n a packed in the Lndn Undergrund. While Squier began cunting her students, a train stpped. Suddenly, her daughter Squier's hand, jumped n the train, and the drs began t clse. Seeing her daughter's face thrugh the glass, Squier's heart raced, and she shuted desperately, trying t reach ut t Chambers. But the train gathered and pulled ut f the statin. The last thing she saw was Chambers crying and punding her small fists against the glass. Behind Chambers, a yung man dressed in black leather with a dg cllar arund his neck rse and started Chambers.
Terrified, Squier searched fr an emplyee. But the language barrier made her situatin . When Squier fcused n getting the emplyee t understand her request, “She's back,” her students said. Squier turned and there was her little girl. The man n the train had witnessed what had happened and stepped in t help. He Chambers and guided her ff the train at the next stp. They then barded anther train headed back t her mther.
“My previus thught that he was was destryed,” Squier said. “I remember lking up at him and then breaking dwn, hugging my sbbing （啜泣）child. When I lked up again t thank him, he was gne.”
Squier says the man didn't just save her daughter. He changed the way she the wrld, and taught her t be a mre persn. T this day, she remembers him whenever she's abut t judge smene by appearance.
1．A．bridgeB．platfrmC．stairD．walkway
2．A．fell back nB．held upC．played withD．let g f
3．A．expressiveB．seriusC．panickedD．indifferent
4．A．steamB．speedC．passengersD．gds
5．A．seizingB．draggingC．a(chǎn)pprachingD．helping
6．A．difficultB．manageableC．unstableD．unique
7．A．praisedB．cmfrtedC．scaredD．challenged
8．A．frighteningB．mysteriusC．sympatheticD．a(chǎn)mbitius
9．A．keeps ffB．makes upC．turns tD．mves thrugh
10．A．gratefulB．inspiringC．carefulD．a(chǎn)ccepting
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容或括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空。
Very heavy traffic n a highway, tw small children were making life challenging fr their parents. A teenager asked 11 he culd help. With the parents’ 12 （permit）, he started t play games with them. Sn, the children stpped crying. As the parents were abut t get ff the bus, they thanked the teen 13 （sincere）and the teen said he was happy t help.
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容或括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空。
Chinese researchers have disclsed a nvel applicatin f the Earth science satellite SDGSAT-1 fr bserving ffshre il and gas platfrms. The study, led 14 researchers frm the Chinese Academy f Sciences （CAS）, was recently published in the Internatinal Jurnal f Digital Earth. The functins f the satellite enable researchers t map platfrm peratins with greater precisin. 15 （develp） by the CAS, the satellite prvides imprtant space-based data 16 （prmte） sustainable develpment.
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容或括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空。
Lcated in Lancang River basin, Jingmai Muntain 17 （list） as the first Wrld Heritage （遺產(chǎn)） f tea culture in 2023. With nearly 2,000 years f tea plantatin histry, the heritage site cnsists f five ld tea frests 18 （cver） an area f 1,180 hectares. The landscape 19 （integrate） vast tea plantatins, ancient villages and diverse ethnic （民族的） cultures. It's cnsidered a harmnius cexistence between humans and nature, 20 als shws lcal peple's wisdm t respect and make use f nature.
ARTEFFECT
The ARTEFFECT annual cmpetitin invites all students in grades 6-12 t interpret the stry f an unsung her by creating an riginal visual artwrk. Selected artwrks will receive cnsideratin fr display in ARTEFFECT exhibitins.
Rules & Guidelines
·The use f Artificial Intelligence （AI） tls by students is prhibited at any stage f the creative prcess. Be advised that submitted artwrks and Impact Statements will be scanned fr AI usage.
·Student artwrks must fcus n an unsung her chsen frm the pre-apprved list, therwise, students must seek apprval frm ARTEFFECT prir t submitting their entry.
·Students may interpret the stries in varius ways including—but nt limited t—cnceptual frms, symbls and abstractin. Multiple 2D and 3D mediums are acceptable including paintings, prints, digital art, and sculpture. There is n size limit.
·In the Impact Statement （500-1,000 wrds）, students discuss the unsung her's unique cntributin, their creative prcess and interpretatin, and plans fr sharing their artwrks with thers. The writing uses standard English cnventins.
Submissin materials
·A fully cmpleted nline frm, including student and parent r legal guardian digital signatures.
·High-reslutin artwrk images（. jpg r . png frmat, 5 MB limit）. At least ne image is required fr 2D artwrks, and three images are required fr 3D artwrks.
·A written Impact Statement.
Entries t the cmpetitin are submitted nline by the deadline n Sunday, April 27,
2025. There is n entry fee.
21．What d we knw abut ARTEFFECT?
A．It takes place twice a year.B．It displays artwrks by heres.
C．It is pen t students aged 6-12.D．It tells stries f unsung heres.
22．Accrding t the rules and guidelines, students culd ____________.
A．create a visual artwrk f any sizeB．use AI tls in the creative prcess
C．write a 2,000-wrd Impact StatementD．chse an unsung her withut apprval
23．Which is a requirement fr submissin?
A．Getting a teacher's digital signature.B．Sending the entry by April 27.
C．Attaching phts f the artist.D．Paying the entry fee.
In 2010, fur friends, carrying 32 kg wrth f camera equipment, sunk beneath the waves f Sdwana Bay, ff the east cast f Suth Africa. It was then that phtgrapher, Laurent Ballesta stared directly int the eyes f a creature nce thught t have died ut with the dinsaurs—making him the first diver t phtgraph a living celacanth （腔棘魚）.
But what des it take t be a truly great cean phtgrapher? Danger, says Ballesta. “I realised that every time a dive is easy, my phts are nt gd,” he says. “I need t feel I'm in an uncmfrtable situatin t give my best. If yu put me in the Red Sea in 20 m f warm water—I dn't take better images than thers.” In an extreme situatin n the ther hand— ne in which he feels he shuldn't be allwed, that his time is limited, there is an urgency—a switch clicks.
Thanks t Ballesta's wrk, we nw knw the celacanth is amng the lngest-living fish species, with a life f arund 100 years, and has ne f the slwest life histries f all cean fish. Lng-lived species are especially sensitive t natural and human stressrs, and it is nly by bserving these creatures in their wn habitat that we can really begin t understand them.
The celacanth explratin was a springbard fr Ballesta's explratin career. In2019, Ballesta pineered a new diving technique, which wuld allw cmmercial divers t sink t great depths. He used an electrnically managed rebreather fr autnmus deep sea explratin— making him the first persn t take what culd be described as an untied spacewalk deep under the cean.
Ballesta is bth an artist and a scientist. His wrk acts as a windw int the unknwn— ne that we can all lk thrugh.
24．What was Laurent Ballesta's significant achievement in 2010?
A．Explring beneath the Sdwana Bay.B．Taking phts f a living celacanth.
C．Finding the secret f dinsaur extinctin.D．Diving with the heaviest camera equipment.
25．What makes Laurent Ballesta give his best?
A．Fierce cmpetitins.B．New diving technique.
C．Sea animal knwledge.D．Challenging situatins.
26．We learn that lng-lived fish species ___________.
A．live a life f ver 100 yearsB．have the slwest life histries
C．a(chǎn)re sensitive t human activitiesD．a(chǎn)re easy t adapt t new ecsystems
27．What kind f persn is Laurent Ballesta?
A．Careful and passinate.B．Brave and creative.
C．Mdest and hardwrking.D．Tugh and cmpetitive.
The Great Tit is ne f the mst familiar bird species in Eurpe and Asia—and ne f the mst interesting. The species shws a cgnitive （認(rèn)知的） capacity that is amazing fr a slight bird weighing nly 18 grams. It prduces false alarms t scare ther birds ff seed feeders and kncks n kitchen windws t get feeders refilled. On cld winter days Great Tits drum n beehives, whereupn the bees will cme walking ut, easy victim fr the hungry birds. In cmbinatin with the bird's brad fd preferences, its cleverness has resulted in an unusual respnse t urbanizatin.
By “unusual,” I mean that Great Tits nt nly get by but thrive. Urbanizatin, which invlves land develpment, is an increasing prblem fr wild animals the wrld ver. Stressrs such as pllutin, nise, artificial light and the lwer-quality fd fund in cities are cnsidered unhealthy fr animals. In a study, I measured levels f CORT, a cmmn stress hrmne in birds, in 188 urban and rural Great Tits. Cntrary t expectatins, the urban birds had cnsistently lwer levels f CORT than frest birds. This finding is even mre remarkable when yu cnsider that urban ppulatins are denser than frest nes, which shuld increase cmpetitin fr territries and fd and hence ramp up stress.
Adaptability has als allwed Great Tits t clnize （占據(jù)） a habitat that is in bvius cntrast t an urban ne. Originating in the temperate deciduus （落葉的）frests, the little bird is nw cmmn in breal cniferus frests （北方針葉林）. The species lived and grew in large numbers in nrthern Sweden in the early 1900s during the cnstructin f railrads. Bird feeding has a lng traditin in this cuntry, and the rail builders tk a liking t the birds, nailing up their leftver prk fat at the entrances t the huts where they slept. As the railrads extended nrthward, the Great Tits fllwed. Nwadays they are cmmn in this habitat, but when the cld winter takes hld, they leave the frests and emerge at bird feeders in nearby twns and farms.
Cgnitin in the Paridae （山雀科） family is interesting and different species practice ne f tw entirely different wintering strategies. Unlike their clse relatives, which are specialists that stre many thusands f fd items in separate lcatins as winter fd, the Great Tits, in cntrast, d nt stre fd at all. Curius and innvative, they instead btain fd in all pssible and seemingly impssible ways, especially frm humans.
The mre we learn abut animal cgnitin, the better we will be able t answer questins n many questins invlving the awareness f animals: Is it justifiable, fr example, t keep cgnitively advanced animals such as apes and dlphins caged?
28．What d we knw abut the Great Tit?
A．It respnds t urbanizatin ut f expectatin.
B．It frightens away ther birds t defend territry.
C．It mainly relies n human-prvided fd surces.
D．It transfrms urban stressrs int survival advantages.
29．What des the phrase “ramp up” underlined in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Adjust sharply.B．Maintain stably.C．Increase gradually.D．Vary cnsistently.
30．What can be inferred frm paragraph 3?
A．Weather cnditin drives Great Tits urbanized.
B．Great Tits prefer habitats with bird feeding traditin.
C．Human behavir helps t increase the number f Great Tits.
D．Cgnitin enables Great Tits t survive varied envirnment.
31．It is implied in this passage that we shuld __________.
A．leave a little rm fr animals t use their smarts
B．give animals justifiable rights t cmpete fr habitats
C．build mre reserves t keep cgnitively advanced animals
D．cnduct mre researches invlving the awareness f animals
Imagine yu're driving dwn the highway and ntice that yu are running lw n fuel. Yur GPS shws 10 gas statins ahead n yur rute. Naturally, yu want the cheapest ptin. D yu cntinue explring and risk regret fr rejecting the bird in hand? Yu wn't duble back, s yu face a nw-r-never chice. What strategy maximizes yur chances f picking the cheapest statin? Researchers have studied this “best-chice prblem”, which suggests that humans tend t fall shrt f the ptimal（最優(yōu)的） strategy.
Amazingly, the ptimal strategy results in the number-ne pick being selected almst 37 percent f the time, and its success rate desn't depend n the number f candidates. Even with a billin ptins and a refusal t settle fr secnd best, yu culd find yur needle in a haystack （干草垛） mre than a third f the time. The winning strategy is simple: Reject the first arund 37 percent f the chices n matter what. Then pick the first ptin that is better than all the thers yu've encuntered s far. （If yu never find such an ptin, take the final ne.）
Adding t the fun, mathematicians' favrite little cnstant, e= , rears its head in the slutin. Als knwn as Euler's number, e hlds fame fr crpping up all acrss the mathematical landscape in seemingly unrelated settings— including in the best-chice prblem. In fact, thse references t 37 percent in the ptimal strategy and crrespnding prbability f success are actually 1/e, r abut magic number cmes frm the tensin between wanting t see enugh samples t feel infrmatin f ptins and nt wanting t wait t lng in case the best pass yu by. The prf argues that 1/e balances these frces.
The prblem generates thusands f hits n the internet as mathematicians cntinue t study its many variants: What if yu're allwed t pick mre than ne ptin, and yu win if any f yur chices are the best? What if an ppnent chse the rdering f the ptins t trick yu? What if yu dn't require the abslute best chice and wuld feel satisfied with secnd r third? Researchers study such when-t-stp scenaris（設(shè)想） in a branch f math called ptimal stpping thery.
Research finds that peple tend t stp their search t early. S applying the 37percent rule culd imprve yur decisin-making, but be sure t duble-check that yur situatin meets all the cnditins: a knwn number f rankable ptins is being presented ne at a time in any rder, yu want the best, and yu can't duble back.
32．Why des the authr mentin the cnstant e in Paragraph 3?
A．Justify a cmparisn.B．Evaluate a statement.
C．Prvide a theretical basis.D．Prpse a new slutin.
33．Which situatin mst agrees with the strategy mentined in the passage?
A．Evaluate every candidate.B．Ski p sme lunch specials.
C．Buy the latest reference bk.D．Jin the shrtest checkut line.
34．What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Why Peple Often Fail in Making the Best Decisins
B．The Best Decisin Depends n Yur Math Ability
C．Hw t Cnnect Optimal Strategy with the Magic e
D．Elegant Math Prblem Finds the Best Chices
Whether it's the ech （回聲） f beeping tills in a supermarket r the hissing f a cffee machine in yur lcal café, the brain is cnstantly wrking t decde （解碼）hundreds f nises each day.
But fr individuals like 25-year-ld Sphie, these backgrund nises can be stressful. 35 She says she can't figure ut where they're cming frm and can't cmpute them fast enugh. After a hearing test came back nrmal, Sphie met a private audilgist （聽覺(jué)矯正專家） fr further testing. She was eventually diagnsed（診斷） with auditry prcessing disrder （APD）. 36 Hwever, her audilgist believes the veruse f nise-canceling headphnes, which Sphie wears fr up t five hurs a day, culd have a part t play.
Nise-canceling headphnes d have advantages fr lng-term ear health. But sme experts warn that by blcking everyday sunds, the brain may “frget” hw t filter （過(guò)濾） nise. 37 Over-reliance n nise-canceling headphnes during this perid might delay the ability t prcess speech and nise. Great Ormnd Street Hspital fr Children have seen an increase in demand fr assessments f children struggling t hear certain wrds in nisy envirnments. 38 Audilgists are calling fr mre research int the impact f nise-canceling headphnes n teen's auditry prcessing.
39 Mbile apps with “wrd in nise” training exercises are ppular fr helping patients distinguish speech frm backgrund nise. Additinally, micrphnes and lw-gain hearing aids can assist in specific situatins. Chsing headphnes that dn't cmpletely blck the ears is als suggested.
A．The cause f Sphie's APD diagnsis is unknwn.
B．Treatment fr APD can make a significant psitive difference.
C．Despite having nrmal hearing, she ften struggles t recgnize vices.
D．She wuld leave bars and restaurants early because f the stressful nise.
E．They nte that the high-level listening skills dn't fully develp until late teens.
F．One survey shwed 61% f 18-24 year lds prefer t watch TV with subtitles n.
G．Hearing a diversity f sunds helps the brain decide what is imprtant t fcus n.
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。
The famus marshmallw （棉花糖） test, where children were given the chice between eating ne marshmallw immediately r waiting fr tw later, may have revealed mre than just willpwer— it might help explain why sme peple maintain sharper cgnitive functin as they age. A recent research suggests that the ability t delay satisfactin culd help prtect peple frm develping memry r thinking prblems.
Think f yur brain as a muscle that gets strnger with practice. Every time yu chse a lng-term benefit ver immediate pleasure, yu're essentially ding a mental wrkut. This wrkut engages particularly the brain area that is respnsible fr planning, reasning, and cntrlling urges. Regularly exercising self-cntrl may help maintain cgnitive functin.
The science behind this cnnectin is fascinating. When we resist immediate rewards, we stimulate “cl” regulatin strategies in the ratinal（理性的） reasning center f decisin-making. In cntrast, giving in t immediate satisfactin typically invlves “ht” strategies in the brain areas assciated with emtinal decisin-making. The mre we practice using these “cl” strategies, the strnger ur brain pathways becme. This culd help delay r prevent memry lss r thinking prblems.
The gd news is that these skills can be develped at any age. Simple strategies like setting specific gals, creating detailed actin plans, and using mnitring techniques can help. Als, physical activity plays a particularly imprtant rle.
Remember, it's never t late t start building these prtective cgnitive skills. The key is cnsistent practice and a cnscius （有意識(shí)的） effrt t make chices that priritize lng-term benefits ver immediate rewards.
40．Accrding t the recent research, what culd the ability t delay satisfactin help?

41．Which brain area des delayed satisfactin particularly wrk ut?

42．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
As we grw lder, we can strengthen ur brain pathways that culd help delay r prevent memry lss r thinking prblems.
43．Please share ne f yur experiences f delayed satisfactin. （In abut 40wrds）

44．假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。中國(guó)電影《哪吒之魔童鬧?！罚ê?jiǎn)稱《哪吒2》）在全球放映，你的英國(guó)筆友Jim看過(guò)之后非常喜歡，發(fā)來(lái)郵件請(qǐng)你推薦另外一部中國(guó)電影。請(qǐng)你用英文給他回復(fù)，內(nèi)容包括：
1.電影的內(nèi)容；
2.推薦的理由。
注意: 1. 詞數(shù)100左右；
2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua

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