專題04 單項選擇之非謂語動詞- 高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（天津?qū)Ｓ茫?試卷下載-教習網(wǎng)

天津英語單選難度較為中等，沒有所謂“偏，難，怪”的題目，重要的是了解考綱，做到快速判斷考察的知識點，重點突破語法。
涉及知識點：情景交際，時態(tài)語態(tài)，非謂語動詞，定語從句，名詞性從句，情態(tài)動詞，狀語從句，詞匯，短語辨析。
根據(jù)近幾年天津高考真題可知，非謂語主要考查了非謂語做定語，非謂語做狀語的形式。因此在備考過程中要多側(cè)重非謂語做定語和狀語。
考點1 基本用法
考點2 非謂語動詞作主語
1. 動詞-ing和不定式都可作主語，但動詞-ing多表示一般情況，而不定式常指具體情況。
Teaching English is my jb.
T write an email t the manager is my wrk tday.
2. 動詞-ing和不定式作主語時，句子前后應(yīng)保持結(jié)構(gòu)的一致性。
Seeing is believing.
T see is t believe.
3. “there be＋n＋主語”這種結(jié)構(gòu)中通常用動詞-ing作主語，而不用不定式。這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示“不可能，無法”，相當于“it is impssible t d sth.”。
There is n reasning with him.
注意：本句型中的n有時可用nt any或never any代替。如There is never any telling what will happen in the future.
4. 不定式作主語一般可以用形式主語it代替。
T keep healthy is imprtant.
＝It is imprtant t keep healthy.
注意：It is＋adj.＋fr sb. t d sth. 中adj.常為表示不定式行為性質(zhì)的詞(imprtant, impssible, right等)，如：It is impssible fr a man t fly by himself. 而It is＋adj.＋f sb. t d sth.中adj.為表示人的品質(zhì)的詞(kind, flish, clever, wrng, wise, nice等)，如It is kind f yu t help me with my English.
5. 動詞-ing作主語用形式主語it代替時，常在特定結(jié)構(gòu)It is wrthwhile/n gd/n use/a waste f...中使用。
It is a waste f time regretting fr the past.
6. 單個不定式、動詞-ing作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)；并列不定式或動詞-ing作主語時若指整體概念，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)。
T learn a freign language well is nt easy.
Taking exercise des gd t yur health.
Ging t bed early and getting up early is a gd habit.
7. “疑問詞＋t d”結(jié)構(gòu)可以作主語、賓語和表語。
Where t find the lst keys is still a prblem.
I was wndering hw t get there.
My prblem is when t change the plan.
考點3 非謂語動詞作賓語
考點4 非謂語動詞作表語
1. 不定式、動詞-ing和過去分詞均可作表語。但不定式表示具體情況，而動詞-ing表示通常狀況，動詞-ing和過去分詞均表示主語的狀態(tài)。
Tny’s plan is t finish his essay by the end f this mnth.
My favurite sprt is playing vlleyball.
The news is very exciting.
My jacket is wrn ut.
2. 過去分詞作表語與被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別：
My mney is stlen. (主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表狀態(tài)或結(jié)果，多為一般時態(tài))
My mney was stlen by an unemplyed guy. (被動語態(tài)表被動的動作)
3. 動詞-ing作表語與進行時態(tài)的區(qū)別：
His favrite sprt is playing ftball. (主系表結(jié)構(gòu))
His behavir is pleasing. (主系表結(jié)構(gòu))
He is playing ftball. (現(xiàn)在進行時)
4. 形容詞化的過去分詞和動詞-ing
很多情感化的過去分詞和動詞-ing在使用中都已轉(zhuǎn)化成為形容詞，用作表語或狀語。一般而言，動詞-ing表屬性，過去分詞表心理活動，常見的有：interest, mve, tuch, wrry, inspire, encurage, disappint, please, satisfy, bre, tire, invite, puzzle, cnfuse, entertain, relax, amuse, amaze, surprise, astnish, shck, embarrass, terrify, frighten, scare, discurage, anny, exhaust等。
The pictures n the wall interest me.
The pictures n the wall are interesting.
I am interested in the pictures n the wall.
考點5 非謂語動詞作狀語
考點6 非謂語動詞作定語
1. 單個動詞-ing和過去分詞作定語，應(yīng)置于被修飾的名詞前。
a sleeping by(動詞-ing作定語表示被修飾名詞的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài))
fallen leaves(不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語只表示結(jié)果)
the brken glass(及物動詞的過去分詞作定語既表示被動又表示完成)
2. 動詞-ing短語、過去分詞短語和不定式作定語，應(yīng)置于被修飾的名詞之后。
The persn speaking_nw is ur manager. (正在講話)
The persn t_speak is ur manager. (將要講話)
The rm already_repaired is my ffice. (已經(jīng)維修)
The rm being_repaired is my ffice. (正在維修)
The rm t_be_repaired is my ffice. (將要維修)
注意：①修飾序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾的詞只能用不定式作定語。如：Lucy is always the first t cme.
②在句型have/give/find/need/want＋賓語＋t d中，不定式用主動形式表示被動含義。如：I have a lt f wrk t d tday.
③There be句型中的非謂語動詞作定語，表意如下：
There is much wrk t d /t be dne. (將要做)
There is a white dg running n the playgrund. (正在跑)
There were peple killed in the accident. (已經(jīng)喪生)
④有些名詞常接不定式作定語，如have the ability/the right/the chance/the curage/n time t d...
考點7 非謂語動詞作補足語
1．（2023·天津·統(tǒng)考高考真題）________ back t the 18th century, Peking Opera has ver tw hundred years f histry.
A．DatingB．Being dated
C．T dateD．T be dated
2．（2023·天津·統(tǒng)考高考真題）The her’s tuching stry ________ nline has drawn thusands f “l(fā)ikes” and hundreds f cmments frm the public.
A．pstingB．t pst
C．pstedD．t be psted
3．（2023·天津·統(tǒng)考高考真題）The Palace Museum has the mst remarkable cllectin f fine clcks in the wrld, mainly _________ frm Eurpe and China.
A．riginatingB．riginated
C．being riginatedD．having riginated
4．（2023·天津·統(tǒng)考高考真題）_________ several adjustments t the design fr tw mnths, the engineer eventually succeeded in building a highly efficient system.
A．TryingB．Tried
C．Having triedD．Having been tried
5．（2022·天津·高考真題）The city temperatures have returned frm recrd lw t nrmal, ________ the citizens t enjy the utdrs again.
A．a(chǎn)llwingB．being allwed
C．having allwedD．having been allwed
6．（2022·天津·高考真題）________ his restless students ccupied with an indr sprt n rainy days, James Naismith created basketball.
A．T be keptB．KeptC．T keepD．Keeping
7．（2021·天津·高考真題）Mary became a baker at age 14, because her grandfather paid the lcal baker ________ her all the skills.
A．t have taughtB．t teachC．teachingD．having taught
8．（2021·天津·高考真題）China's Natinal Highway 318, ________ ver 5,000 kilmeters frm Shanghai t Zhangmu, Tibet, is knwn as the "heavenly rad“ fr its amazing views.
A．t extendB．extendedC．extendingD．being extended
9．（2020·天津·高考真題）The dancer’s incredible perfrmance had the audience n its feet ______ fr 10 minutes at the end f the shw.
A．being clappedB．clapC．clappedD．clapping
10．（2020·天津·高考真題）______ us prepare fr the exam, the teacher suggested reading thrugh ur ntes.
A．T helpB．HelpedC．HelpingD．Being helped
11．（2020·天津·高考真題）The lcal gvernment desn't have t sacrifice envirnmental prtectin ____________ ecnmic grwth.
A．t be prmtedB．being prmtedC．prmtingD．t prmte
12．（2020·天津·高考真題）___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imaginatin f the wrld.
A．Having cmpletedB．Being cmpleted
C．CmpletedD．Cmpleting
13．（2019·天津·高考真題）Mst clleges nw ffer first-year students a curse specially ________ t help them succeed academically and persnally.
A．designedB．designing
C．t designD．being designed
14．（2019·天津·高考真題）________ t think critically is an imprtant skill tday’s children will need fr the future.
A．LearnB．Learned
C．LearningD．Having learned
15．（2019·天津·高考真題）vlcanes fr many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their ptential t cause great damage.
A．T studyB．Studying
C．Having studiedD．Studied
16．（2019·天津·高考真題）The sign n the wall f the library says, “N magazine is allwed ut f the reading rm”.
A．being takenB．t take
C．t be takenD．taking
17．（2018·天津·統(tǒng)考高考真題）Mrs. Taylr went arund the shps, ______ what she thught was necessary.
A．rderedB．rdering
C．t have rderedD．having been rdered
18．（2018·天津·高考真題）I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream lked s gd that I culdn’t help_______ it.
A．t eat；t tryB．eating；trying
C．eating；t tryD．t eat； trying 年份
非謂語動詞
難度系數(shù)
2024
不定式作定語；
0.65
0.65
2023
現(xiàn)在分詞作定語；現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語；過去分詞作定語；現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語
0.94
2022
現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語；不定式作目的狀語；
0.65
0.65
2021
動詞的固定結(jié)構(gòu)、不定式的一般式；現(xiàn)在分詞作定語；
0.65
2020
現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語；不定式作目的狀語（2）；過去分詞作狀語；
0.65
種類
形式
意義特征
功能
不定式
t d
主動、將來
作主語、賓語、表語、定語、同位語、狀語和補語
t be dne
被動、將來
t be ding
主動、進行
t have dne
主動、完成
t have been dne
被動、完成
過去分詞
dne
被動、完成
作表語、狀語、定語和補語
動詞-ing
ding
主動、進行
作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語(不作目的狀語)和補語
being dne
被動、進行
having dne
主動、完成
having been dne
被動、完成
情況
常用動詞
只接不定式作賓語的動詞
hpe,want,ffer,lng(渴望),fail,expect,wish,ask,decide,
pretend,manage,agree,affrd,determine,prmise,happen
只接v.-ing形式作賓語的動詞或短語
mind,miss,enjy,imagine,practise,suggest,finish,escape,excuse,appreciate,admit,keep,avid,risk,resist,cnsider,can’t help,feel like,succeed in,be fnd f,bject t,get dwn t,be engaged in,insist n,think f,be prud f,take pride in,set abut,be afraid f,be tired f,lk frward t,devte neself t,be wrth,be busy,pay attentin t,stick t
兩者都可以
意義相同
begin,start,like,lve,hate,prefer,cntinue(接不定式多指具體的動作,接動詞-ing形式多指一般或習慣行為)
need,want,require,deserve (接動詞-ing形式的主動形式表示被動意義,若接不定式則應(yīng)用被動形式)
意義不同
stp t d(停下手中正在做的事,去做另一件事)
stp ding(停止正在做的事)
remember/frget/regret t d(指動作尚未發(fā)生)
remember/frget/regret ding(指動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生)
g n t d(接著做另外一件事)
g n ding(接著做同一件事)
try t d(設(shè)法,努力去做,盡力做)
try ding(試著去做)
mean t d(打算做,企圖做)
mean ding(意思是,意味著)
形式
類別
例句
不定式
目的、原因、條件、結(jié)果
My parents will be delighted t see yu.(條件)
I cme here nly t say gd-bye t yu.(目的)
We’re prud t be yung peple f China.(原因)
動詞-ing形式
時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式、伴隨狀況
Being a teacher,yu shuld help yur students in every way.(原因)
He cmes hme late every evening,making his wife very angry.(結(jié)果)
Using yur head,yu’ll find a gd way.(條件)
Wrking s hard,he failed again.(讓步)
They eat using the fingers f their right hands.(方式)
He sat in the armchair,reading a newspaper.(伴隨)
過去分詞
時間、原因、條件、方式、伴隨、結(jié)果、讓步
Brn in a pr family,Nadia had nly tw years f schling.(原因)
When asked her future plans,the girl said that she wanted t be a teacher.(時間)
Sme medicines,if wrngly taken,can kill a persn.(條件)
Encuraged by his parents,he still has n cnfidence in vercming the difficulties.(讓步)
The patient gt ff the bed,supprted by the nurse.(方式)
The girl met with an accident when crssing the rad,wunded in the head.(結(jié)果)
形式
常見動詞
與賓語的邏輯關(guān)系及時間概念
例句
wish,want,ask,require/request,rder,warn,allw/permit,frbid,expect,remind,encurage,inspire,call n,depend n(接帶t的不定式作賓語補足語)
主謂關(guān)系(表主動)。強調(diào)動作即將發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成
We depend n yu t help us ut f truble.
I made him d his wrk.
→He was made t d his wrk (by me).
They saw the by fall suddenly ff the tree.
→The by was seen t fall suddenly ff the tree.
see,hear,watch,feel,ntice,lk at等感官動詞(詞組)和let,make,have等使役動詞后面,不定式作賓語補足語時要省略t。這樣的動詞可歸納為:
五看:watch,see,lk at,bserve,ntice;
三讓:let,make,have;
二聽:hear,listen t;
一感覺:feel。
注意:當以上動詞用于被動語態(tài)的句子中時,t要還原
動詞
-ing
形式
ntice,see,watch,hear,find,keep,have,feel
主謂關(guān)系(表主動)。強調(diào)動作正在進行,尚未完成
I fund her listening t the radi when I passed by.
過去
分詞
動賓關(guān)系(表被動)。動作已經(jīng)完成,多強調(diào)狀態(tài)
We fund the village greatly changed.

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