
1.起始關系:first/firstly(第一),in the first place/first f all(首先),t begin/start with(首先),as everyne knws(眾所周知),as is knwn(正如了解到的那樣),as is shwn in...(如……所示),accrding t(根據),nwadays/nw(現在),at present(目前),recently(最近),等等。①(2021·全國乙卷,書面表達)As everyne knws,time is rather limited in tday's sciety.眾所周知,在當今社會,時間是相當有限的。②(2020·天津卷,書面表達)First f all,we were shwn sme phts and vides.首先,我們看了一些照片和視頻。
③T begin with,please make a wrkut schedule and stick t it s that yu can keep healthy.首先,請制訂一個鍛煉計劃并堅持下去,以便你保持健康。
2.時間順序:at the beginning(起初),then(然后),after a while(一會兒之后), after that (后來),afterwards/later n(后來),at the same time(與此同時),in the meantime(在此期間),befre lng(不久),shrtly after(立即),eventually(終于), in the end/finally/lastly/at last(最后),等等。①At the beginning,I wiped ff the dust f all the furniture.Then I cllected all the things scattered in the rms and put them in place.After that,I mpped the flr.首先,我擦去所有家具上的灰塵。接著,我把所有的散落在屋子里的東西收拾起來放好。然后,我拖了地。②Shrtly after mving int her apartment,she fund a jb.搬進公寓后不久,她就找到了一份工作。
③Lastly,I wuld like t thank my parents fr all their supprt.最后,我想感謝父母對我的全力支持。④(2020·浙江1月卷,寫作)In the end,I am lking frward t yur invlvement and d wish yu a success!最后,我期待著你的參與,并祝你成功!
[對點過關訓練]補全/翻譯句子1.(2020·上海卷,書面表達)首先,沒有必要為不可控的事情煩惱,比如天氣狀況。_____________________________________________________,such as the weather cnditin.?2.最后,我們應該經常參加體育運動和戶外活動。_______________________________________________________________3.當今,越來越多的人選擇在家上班。_______________________________________________________________
Firstly,there is n need t bther with things uncntrllable
Finally,we shuld take part in sprts and utdr activities frequently.
Nwadays,increasing numbers f peple elect t wrk frm hme.
1.表示條件:if、unless、in case (f)、as/s lng as、n cnditin that、prvided (that)等。(2021·全國甲卷,書面表達)If I want t decrate my website with sme Chinese elements,what shuld I d?如果我想用一些中國元素裝飾我的網站,我應該怎么做?
2.表示原因:because、as、since、fr、nw that、cnsidering (that)、thanks t、due t、as a result f、s、in cnsequence f、wing t、n accunt f、fr the reasn f等。①Millins will face starvatin next year as a result f the drught.由于旱災,明年將有數百萬人面臨饑餓的威脅。②(2020·上海卷,書面表達)Since it happened,why nt try hard t get it settled?既然事情已經發(fā)生,為什么不努力去解決它呢?③Cnsidering that yu just started studying English a mnth ag,yu've made amazing prgress.考慮到你一個月前才開始學習英語,你的進步已經非常驚人了。
3.表示結果:s、thus、therefre、cnsequently、as a result、as a cnsequence等。①(2019·全國Ⅰ卷,書面表達)Therefre,I am equipped with a wide range f knwledge in this aspect,which can help peple in Lndn have a deeper understanding f Chinese paintings.因此,我在這方面擁有廣泛的知識,這可以幫助在倫敦的人對中國畫有更深的了解。②I was badly treated in yur stre.Cnsequently,I am writing t yu in the hpe f getting things settled.在你的店里,我受到了不好的對待。因此,我寫信給你,希望事情能得到解決。
③(2020·全國Ⅲ卷,書面表達)Therefre,we are in urgent need f yur help and guidance.因此,我們迫切需要你的幫助和指導。
[對點過關訓練]補全句子1.(2020·全國Ⅰ卷,書面表達)我之所以尊敬她,是因為她從不發(fā)脾氣,反而總是鼓勵我。__________________________________________ is that she never lses temper but instead always encurages me.?2.(2019·江蘇卷,書面表達)如果我們的目的是分享中國文化,那么這些不便利就不是問題。The incnvenience is nt a prblem_________________________________.3.由于人類的活動,許多物種已經滅絕了。Many species have died ut_____________________________________.?
The reasn why I shw respect fr her
if ur purpse is t share Chinese culture
in cnsequence f human activities
1.并列關系:and、r、as well as、nt als...、、等。①Nt nly des it supply me with a platfrm t braden my hrizn,but its rich cntent can als spark my burning passin fr English.它不僅為我提供了一個開闊視野的平臺,而且它豐富的內容也可以點燃我對英語的熱情。②(2019·北京卷,書面表達)After packing my suitcase,I as well as my classmates set ff fr ur destinatin—a farm in the mrning.收拾好行李箱后,我和我的同學們在早晨出發(fā)去了我們的目的地——一家農場。
2.轉折關系:but,yet,hwever,while,therwise,nevertheless,therwise(否則,不然),despite/in spite f,regardless f(不管,不顧),rather than(而不是),instead (f)(相反,反而,卻),n the ther hand(另一方面),unfrtunately(不幸地,令人遺憾地),r(不然),althugh/thugh/as/while(雖然),even if/thugh(盡管),n matter...(無論……),等等。①(2021·全國乙卷,書面表達)Hwever,there als exist sme disadvantages.然而,也存在一些缺點。②(2020·全國Ⅰ卷,書面表達)She has her weakness,yet that des nt mean she is nt up t the jb.她有缺點,然而那并不意味著她不能勝任這項工作。③Dn't start giving me prblems;therwise,I'll have t be very unpleasant indeed.不要開始給我找麻煩,否則我就真的不客氣了。
[對點過關訓練]完成語段正如你所知,我對美國文化很感興趣。生活在美國對我來說會是一個了解更多美國文化以及提高英文水平的良機。然而,我剛得知寄宿家庭的主人生病了,住在他家會很不方便,所以我需要你的幫助。As yu knw,①____________________________________________.②______________________________________ will be a great pprtunity fr me t learn mre abut American culture and imprve my English. ③____________________________________________ and it will be incnvenient fr me t stay in his huse.④_____________________.?
I have been interested in American culture
Living in America
Hwever,I've just learned that my hst falls ill
S I need yur help
1.列舉事實:such as、fr example/instance、 example、that is t say、as fllws、in ther wrds、n the ne the ther (hand)...、fr ne anther...等。(2019·北京卷,書面表達)It's very cnvenient fr yu t travel in the three cities because there are many means f transprt fr yu t chse,such as buses,tubes,trains,taxies,and shared bikes.你在這三個城市旅行非常方便,因為你可以選擇多種交通方式,例如公共汽車、地鐵、火車、出租車和共享單車。
2.遞進關系:besides/mrever/furthermre(此外;而且),additinally(另外), als(還),still less(更不用說),in additin(而且),apart frm(此外;除……之外), what's mre(此外),equally imprtant(同樣重要的是),mre imprtantly(更重要的是),last but nt least(最后但同樣重要的是),t make matters wrse(使情況更糟糕的是),wrse still/what's wrse(更糟糕的是),等等。①(2021·全國乙卷,書面表達)Mrever,the atmsphere f the class is nt warm enugh.此外,課堂氣氛不夠熱烈。②As a result,I dn't have enugh time t take exercise.What's wrse,I dn't cmmunicate a lt with my parents and my friends.結果,我沒有足夠的時間鍛煉身體。更糟糕的是,我與父母和朋友之間的交流也不多。
③Additinally,they shuld be allwed t teach,and be rewarded fr ding it well.此外,他們應該被允許去教書,并因做得好而得到獎勵。
[對點過關訓練]補全句子1.小男孩把鮮花遞給了那位保安,而且親吻了他的臉頰。The little by passed the fresh flwers t the guard,________________________________________________________________.?2.(2019·天津卷,書面表達)就個人而言,我不僅喜歡聽音樂,還喜歡唱國內外的歌曲。Persnally,I lve ___________________________________________________________________________________________.?3.最后期限還有兩天就要到了,更糟糕的是,我的電腦突然癱瘓了。The deadline is tw days away,and______________________,my cmputer brke dwn suddenly.?
what's mre she
kissed him n his cheeks.
nt nly listening t music,but als singing sngs frm
hme and abrad
what's wrse
1.相似比較:similarly(相似地,類似地),equally(同樣地),just as(正如),in the same way(以相同的方式,同樣地),fr ne anther...(一方面……另一方面……),等等。Fr ne thing,this race gives us a gd pprtunity t have a deeper understanding f patience.Fr anther,it can build up ur bdies in terms f lng-distance race.一方面,這次比賽給我們提供了一個很好的機會,讓我們對耐心有了更深的理解。另一方面,它也能通過長跑鍛煉我們的身體。
2.相反比較:instead(相反),while(而;然而),unlike(不像),hwever(然而;仍然), whereas(然而;反之),yet(然而),n the ther hand(另一方面),cmpared with/t (與……比較),in cmparisn with(與……比較),in cntrast (t)(和……對比), n the cntrary(相反),等等。①(2021·全國乙卷,書面表達)On the ther hand,that will lead t a lack f cmmunicatin between teachers and students.另一方面,那樣會導致師生之間缺乏溝通。②(2020·上海卷,書面表達)Maybe it is the recent ghastly weather r the terrible traffic that hinders yu frm making up yur mind.Hwever,as far as I'm cncerned,it's still wrth ur effrts.也許是最近的惡劣天氣或可怕的交通阻礙了你作決定。然而,就我而言,這仍然值得我們的努力。
③On the cntrary,I like slving difficult prblems because I always take them as exciting challenges.相反,我喜歡解決難題,因為我通常會把這些難題看作令人激動的挑戰(zhàn)。
[對點過關訓練]補全/翻譯句子1.首先,和傳統(tǒng)的購物相比,網購很方便。_____________________________________________,nline shpping is very cnvenient.?2.恰恰相反,我對這個提議很感興趣。_______________________________________________________________3.我們原以為這些數據正確。不過,我們現在發(fā)現了一些錯誤。We thught the figures were crrect.___________________________________________________.
T begin with,cmpared with traditinal shpping
On the cntrary,I am quite interested in/shw great interest in the prpsal.
Hwever,we have nw discvered
sme errrs.
4.我們的生活也是如此,在不和他人合作的情況下,一個人僅靠自己是不可能輕易完成一項有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務的。_______________________________________________________________________ n his wn withut cperating with thers.?
Similarly in ur life,an individual persn cannt easily carry ut a challenging task
1.表達觀點:in my pinin、in my view、in my pint f view、as far as I am cncerned、as fr me、persnally等。①(2020·天津卷,書面表達)As far as I am cncerned,I will wrk hard fr the peace and prgress f the wrld.就我而言,我會為世界的和平與進步而努力。②Persnally,I prefer the tur alng the Yangtze River,the lngest river in China and ne f the birthplaces f Chinese civilizatin.就個人而言,我更喜歡沿著長江游覽,長江是中國最長的河流,也是中華文明的發(fā)源地之一。
2.歸納總結:in shrt、in brief、in cnclusin、in a wrd、t sum up、t cnclude、all in all、n the whle、in general、generally speaking等。①On the whle,traveling is the best chice t enrich ur lives and get ready fr the new challenges.總的來說,旅游是豐富我們的生活、為新的挑戰(zhàn)做準備的最好選擇。②(2021·全國乙卷,書面表達)T cnclude,I d hpe all f us can be smart nline learners.綜上所述,我真的希望我們所有人都能成為聰明的在線學習者。③(2020·全國Ⅰ卷,書面表達)In general,Mr.Zhang is a very respectable teacher indeed!總之,張老師確實是一位非??删吹睦蠋?④(2019· 浙江卷,寫作)All in all,wrds fail t express my thankfulness t yu.總之,言語無法表達我對你的感激之情。
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