
第一部分 聽力(略)
第二部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Here are the intrductins and achievements f fur scientists.
J?ns Jacb Berzelius
J?ns Jacb Berzelius was a Swedish chemist, ften referred t as ne f the funders f mdern chemistry. He develped a system f chemical symbls, which laid the fundatin fr the establishment f the mdern peridic table. Berzelius als made imprtant discveries in the field f electrchemistry.
Niels Henrik David Bhr
Niels Henrik David Bhr was a Danish physicist. He prpsed the atmic (原子的) mdel knwn as the Bhr mdel, which explained the behavir f electrns mving in fixed energy levels r rbits arund the atmic nucleus. His mdel helped explain the spectra f elements and laid the grundwrk fr further develpments in atmic physics.
Rbert Byle
Rbert Byle, brn in Ireland, was regarded as ne f the funders f mdern chemistry, knwn fr Byle’s law. Byle’s law describes the relatinship between the pressure and vlume (體積) f a gas at cnstant temperature. Byle’s wrk laid the fundatin fr the mdern understanding f gas behavir and prmted the develpment f scientific experimental methds.
William Lawrence Bragg
William Lawrence Bragg was a British physicist brn in Australia wh made significant cntributins t X-ray crystallgraphy (晶體學(xué)). Tgether with his father William Henry Bragg, he develped the famus Bragg’s law. This discvery revlutinized the field f crystallgraphy and paved the way fr determining the atmic and mlecular structures f varius substances, including DNA and prteins.
1. What d we say abut J?ns Jacb Berzelius?
A. He invented a new chemical substance.
B. He established the mdern peridic table.
C. He was referred t as a funder f mdern physics.
D. He made imprtant achievements in the field f electrchemistry.
2. Wh was brn in Ireland?
A. Jns Jacb Berzelius.B. Niels Henrik David Bhr.
C. Rbert Byle.D. William Lawrence Bragg.
3. What d Niels Henrik David Bhr and William Lawrence Bragg have in cmmn?
A. They were brn in Denmark.
B. They made a cntributin t physics.
C. They discvered new mdels fr chemistry.
D. They did research tgether with their family.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個(gè)科學(xué)家和他們的成就。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)J?ns Jacb Berzelius標(biāo)題下的“J?ns Jacb Berzelius was a Swedish chemist, ften referred t as ne f the funders f mdern chemistry. He develped a system f chemical symbls, which laid the fundatin fr the establishment f the mdern peridic table. Berzelius als made imprtant discveries in the field f electrchemistry.( J?ns雅各布·貝采里烏斯是一位瑞典化學(xué)家,通常被認(rèn)為是現(xiàn)代化學(xué)的創(chuàng)始人之一。他發(fā)展了一套化學(xué)符號(hào)系統(tǒng),為現(xiàn)代元素周期表的建立奠定了基礎(chǔ)。貝采里烏斯在電化學(xué)領(lǐng)域也有重要發(fā)現(xiàn)。)”可知,他在電化學(xué)方面做出了重要發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Rbert Byle標(biāo)題下的“Rbert Byle, brn in Ireland, was regarded as ne f the funders f mdern chemistry, knwn fr Byle’s law.(羅伯特·波義耳,出生于愛爾蘭,被認(rèn)為是現(xiàn)代化學(xué)的奠基人之一,以波義耳定律而聞名。)”可知,羅伯特·波義耳出生在愛爾蘭。故選C。
【3題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Niels Henrik David Bhr標(biāo)題下的“His mdel helped explain the spectra f elements and laid the grundwrk fr further develpments in atmic physics. (他的模型有助于解釋元素的光譜,并為原子物理學(xué)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。)”和最后一段William Lawrence Bragg標(biāo)題下的“William Lawrence Bragg was a British physicist brn in Australia wh made significant cntributins t X-ray crystallgraphy (晶體學(xué)). Tgether with his father William Henry Bragg, he develped the famus Bragg’s law. This discvery revlutinized the field f crystallgraphy and paved the way fr determining the atmic and mlecular structures f varius substances, including DNA and prteins. (威廉·勞倫斯·布拉格是一位出生于澳大利亞的英國(guó)物理學(xué)家,他與父親威廉·亨利·布拉格一起發(fā)展了著名的布拉格定律,對(duì)X射線晶體學(xué)做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)徹底改變了晶體學(xué)領(lǐng)域,為確定包括DNA和蛋白質(zhì)在內(nèi)的各種物質(zhì)的原子和分子結(jié)構(gòu)鋪平了道路。)”可知,他們都對(duì)物理做出了貢獻(xiàn)。故選B。
B
When I was a by there were n smart phnes, cmputers were smething yu saw n STAR TREK, and ur televisin nly gt ne channel clearly. Still, I was never bred. The fields, hills, and wdlands arund my hme were the perfect playgrunds whse adventures were nly limited by my imaginatin. I can remember nce hiking t a nearby lake and slwly walking arund it. At the backside f it I was amazed t find an ld, ne lane, dirt rad that I had never seen befre. I immediately set ut t travel it. It was full f muddy tire tracks and deep wds brdered it n bth sides, but explring it still seemed like a fine adventure.
I walked n and n fr what seemed like hurs. I am sure my guardian angel was whispering in my ear t turn arund and head back hme but I was stubbrn and even a bit stupid, s I walked n. The dirt rad gave way t a gravel ne and then a paved ne, yet there was still neither a car nr a huse in sight. My legs were getting tired. I nticed that the sun was starting t g dwn and I grew scared. I didn’t want t end up trapped n this rad in the dark f night, but I was sure it wuld be dark befre I culd make my way back t the lake again.
I cntinued t walk n with the smething grwing inside f me. My heart was punding and my legs were aching. I was almst in tears when I turned ne last curve and saw smething in the distance. It was a huse that I recgnized. My heart leapt up! I jumped up and dwn and laughed ut lud. I knew the way hme! It was still ver a mile away but my legs felt like feathers and I hurried back t my huse. I walked in with a big smile n my face just in time fr dinner. Then I ended my adventure with a gd night’s sleep.
I ften thught f that experience recently. Actually, in ur life, all rads, n matter hw they twist and turn, can lead us hme again. They can lead us t ur hmes here n Earth. They can lead us t ur hmes in ur hearts. May yu always walk yur path with lve. May yu always help yur fellw travelers alng the way. And may yur rads always lead yu Hme again.
4. Why did the authr hardly feel bred when he was yung?
A. He culd watch TV all day.B. He culd have fun in nature.
C. He had many friends t play with.D. He used t explre the ld dirt rad.
5. Hw did the authr feel when he was explring the dirt rad?
A. He was cntradictry in mind.
B. He was uncnscius f danger.
C. He was wrried t be trapped in the wds.
D. He was afraid f being sclded by his parents.
6. What des the underlined wrd “smething” in Paragraph 3 prbably refer t?
A. Dubt.B. Hpe.C. Fear.D. Curage.
7. What may be the best title fr the passage?
A. Every Effrt Is WrthwhileB. Be Brave t Explre
C. Be Determined in Yur LifeD. All Rads Lead Hme
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章講述了作者小時(shí)候在回家的路上選擇了一條冒險(xiǎn)的小路,最終在天黑以前到家的故事。由此作者感慨:這輩子所有的路不管怎樣波折最終都會(huì)引導(dǎo)著我們回家。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Still, I was never bred. The fields, hills, and wdlands arund my hme were the perfect playgrunds whse adventures were nly limited by my imaginatin.( 不過,我從不覺得無(wú)聊。我家周圍的田野、山丘和林地都是完美的游樂場(chǎng),我的想象力限制了它們的冒險(xiǎn)。)”可知,作者年輕時(shí)很少感到無(wú)聊是因?yàn)樗梢栽诖笞匀恢邢硎軜啡?。故選B項(xiàng)。
【5題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“I walked n and n fr what seemed like hurs. I am sure my guardian angel was whispering in my ear t turn arund and head back hme but I was stubbrn and even a bit stupid, s I walked n.( 我走啊走,好像走了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。我確信我的守護(hù)天使在我耳邊低語(yǔ),讓我轉(zhuǎn)身回家,但我很固執(zhí),甚至有點(diǎn)愚蠢,所以我繼續(xù)往前走。)”可推知,作者在探索這條土路的時(shí)候思想是矛盾的。故選A項(xiàng)。
【6題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“My heart was punding and my legs were aching. I was almst in tears when I turned ne last curve and saw smething in the distance.( 我的心怦怦直跳,雙腿疼痛。當(dāng)我轉(zhuǎn)過最后一個(gè)彎,看到遠(yuǎn)處有什么東西時(shí),我?guī)缀跻蘖恕?”可知,作者開始害怕,從而推知,劃線的“smething”指的作者內(nèi)心的害怕和恐懼。故選C項(xiàng)。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及最后一段中“I ften thught f that experience recently. Actually, in ur life, all rads, n matter hw they twist and turn, can lead us hme again.( 最近我經(jīng)常想起那次經(jīng)歷。其實(shí),在我們的生活中,所有的道路,無(wú)論多么曲折,都可以把我們帶回家。)”可知,文章講述了作者小時(shí)候在回家的路上選擇了一條冒險(xiǎn)的小路,最終在天黑以前到家的故事。由此作者感慨:這輩子所有的路不管怎樣波折最終都會(huì)引導(dǎo)著我們回家。故文章最好的標(biāo)題是“所有的道路都能引導(dǎo)你回家”。故選D項(xiàng)。
C
In ur daily schedules and busy lives, there are mments when we tend t think abut where we are heading in life. Can we say that we are living a successful life, r even heading tward ne? Hw t achieve success in life actually depends n what success means t yu.
Mst peple think f success as getting a highly-paid jb. But what they are frgetting is that a jb is just a means t make yur life easier. What is the pint f earning a lt f mney if yu dn’t get the time fr peple wh are mst imprtant t yu in life? After all, yu are earning fr them and yurself nly, right?
In additin, it is very difficult t keep a balance fr thse wh are always lking fr mre and are never happy with themselves currently. It becmes, therefre, necessary t be thankful fr all that yu have achieved in life and be prud f yurself. Anther key is t nt nly be cnfident but als respect what thers say. A persn wh respects his elders and values their advice always becmes mre successful in life cmpared t thse with vercnfidence.
Mst f us tend t fcus n things that we dn’t have. Fr example, yu might be sad that yu aren’t the manager f yur cmpany. Hwever, yu dn’t understand the fact that there may be thusands f peple wh are dying t be in the place where yu are right nw. At times cunting the cins in yur hand is better than regretting that yu didn’t get a gld mine.
Obviusly, life is t mve frward. But then in the end, it is the experience yu get frm the jurney f life that matters, nt the destinatin yu are heading tward. Success in life may be different fr different peple, but living happily each and every mment is the main key t becming successful in life. S what are yu ding nw t live a successful life?
8. What des the authr think f wrk and life?
A. Wrk is as necessary as life.
B. Earn t live and dn’t live t earn.
C. A highly-paid jb means a successful life.
D. It’s hard t keep a balance between wrk and life.
9. What des the furth paragraph mainly talk abut?
A. The imprtance f keeping mving frward.
B. The imprtance f making use f what yu wn.
C. The imprtance f having cnfidence in yurself.
D. The imprtance f being grateful fr what yu have.
10. What des the authr suggest at the end f the text?
A. Being prud f yurself.
B. Living in the present happily.
C. Being different frm thers in life.
D. Determining the destinatin f yur life.
11. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T give us sme tips n being successful in life.
B. T warn us nt t just think abut making mney.
C. T encurage us t be cnfident abut the future life.
D. T shw us different views f different peple n success.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇議論文。文章探討了成功生活的定義,指出成功不僅在于高薪工作或物質(zhì)財(cái)富,更在于平衡生活、感恩成就、尊重他人及享受每一刻的快樂。
【8題詳解】
推理判斷題。 根據(jù)文章第二段的“Mst peple think f success as getting a highly-paid jb. But what they are frgetting is that a jb is just a means t make yur life easier. What is the pint f earning a lt f mney if yu dn’t get the time fr peple wh are mst imprtant t yu in life? After all, yu are earning fr them and yurself nly, right?(大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為成功就是找到一份高薪工作。但他們忘記的是,工作只是讓你的生活更輕松的一種手段。如果你沒有時(shí)間陪伴生活中對(duì)你最重要的人,那么賺很多錢又有什么意義呢?畢竟,你只為他們和你自己賺錢,對(duì)吧?)”可知,作者對(duì)于工作和生活的看法是:掙錢是為了生活,而生活并不是為了掙錢。故選B項(xiàng)。
【9題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段的“Mst f us tend t fcus n things that we dn’t have. Fr example, yu might be sad that yu aren’t the manager f yur cmpany. Hwever, yu dn’t understand the fact that there may be thusands f peple wh are dying t be in the place where yu are right nw. At times cunting the cins in yur hand is better than regretting that yu didn’t get a gld mine.(我們大多數(shù)人傾向于關(guān)注我們沒有的東西。例如,你可能會(huì)因?yàn)樽约翰皇枪镜慕?jīng)理而感到難過。然而,你不明白這樣一個(gè)事實(shí),即可能有成千上萬(wàn)的人渴望來(lái)到你現(xiàn)在所在的地方。有時(shí)候,數(shù)著手中的硬幣總比后悔沒有得到金礦要好)”可知,作者認(rèn)為,我們不應(yīng)該總是專注于自己沒有的東西,而應(yīng)該對(duì)自己所擁有的一切心懷感激。故選D項(xiàng)。
【10題詳解】
推理判斷題。 根據(jù)文章最后一段的“Success in life may be different fr different peple, but living happily each and every mment is the main key t becming successful in life.(生活中的成功對(duì)不同的人來(lái)說可能不同,但快樂地生活每一刻是人生成功的關(guān)鍵)”可知,作者建議把握現(xiàn)在,快樂地活在當(dāng)下才是人生成功的關(guān)鍵。故選B項(xiàng)。
【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。 根據(jù)文章第一段的“Hw t achieve success in life actually depends n what success means t yu. (如何在生活中取得成功實(shí)際上取決于成功對(duì)你意味著什。)”和第三段的“It becmes, therefre, necessary t be thankful fr all that yu have achieved in life and be prud f yurself. Anther key is t nt nly be cnfident but als respect what thers say. (因此,有必要感謝你在生活中所取得的一切,并為自己感到驕傲。另一個(gè)關(guān)鍵是不僅要自信,還要尊重別人說的話)”和第四段的“At times cunting the cins in yur hand is better than regretting that yu didn’t get a gld mine. (有時(shí)候,數(shù)著手中的硬幣總比后悔沒有得到金礦要好)”和文章最后一段“Success in life may be different fr different peple, but living happily each and every mment is the main key t becming successful in life. (生活中的成功對(duì)不同的人來(lái)說可能不同,但快樂地生活每一刻是人生成功的關(guān)鍵)”可知,文章主要討論了如何定義成功以及如何在生活中取得成功。作者就如何才能擁有成功的人生給出了一些建議,即:掙錢是為了生活,而生活并不是為了掙錢;對(duì)于自己所擁有的一切心存感激,自信并且尊重他人的意見;把握現(xiàn)在,快樂地活在當(dāng)下,不要過度執(zhí)著于賺錢。故選A項(xiàng)。
D
With fundamental develpments in the field f technlgy, sme experts fresee serius risks t jbs and emplyability in the cming years due t the rise f artificial intelligence (AI). Apprximately 27% f jbs are at high risk f autmatin during the artificial intelligence era.
Lw and middle-skilled jbs are mst at risk, including cnstructin, farming, fishing, frestry and, t a lesser extent, prductin and transprtatin. High-skilled ccupatins, despite being mre expsed t recent prgress in AI, face the least risk f autmatin.
While the adptin f AI is still relatively lw, rapid prgress, falling technlgy csts and the increasing availability f wrkers with AI skills suggest that the wrld may be n the edge f an AI revlutin (革命) . S far there is little evidence f a negative emplyment impact n firms that adpt AI. Wrkers and emplyers say that AI can reduce bring and dangerus tasks, leading t greater emplyee engagement and physical safety.
Nevertheless, a recent survey shwed that three in five wrkers are wrried abut lsing their jb t AI within the next decade. Additinally, a similar number f wrkers wrry that wages wuld decrease due t AI. Mre than half f wrkers are cncerned abut privacy and three in fur say that AI has increased wrk pace.
In my pinin, fr the better prtectin f the labur market and wrkers in the cming years, gvernments shuld encurage emplyers t prvide mre training, integrate AI skills int educatin and supprt diversity in the AI wrkfrce. There is an urgent need fr plicy actin t address AI risks in the wrkplace and t ensure accuntability fr and penness t emplyment-related decisins supprted by AI. The recent speedup f generative AI-related develpments and tls marks a technlgical watershed (轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)) with material implicatins in many wrkplaces. Lnger-term plicy framewrks fr the use f AI in the wrkplace shuld be cnsidered and clser internatinal cperatin shuld be seen t maximize the benefits while apprpriately managing the risks.
12. Wh may be mst affected by autmatin?
A. A tur guide.B. A building wrker.
C. A cffee prducer.D. A farming prfessinal.
13. What is the authr’s attitude twards the adptin f AI in the wrkplace?
A. Deeply cncerned.B. Strngly ppsed.
C. Carefully ptimistic.D. Relatively cnservative.
14. What d the figures in paragraph 4 imply?
A. Harmed persnal privacy.B. Decreased jb satisfactin.
C. AI-related psitins’ ppularity.D. Wrkers’ brad cncern ver AI.
15. What is the authr’s advice in the last paragraph?
A. Adpting plicies t regulate AI’s impact.
B. Limiting AI’s applicatin in the wrkplace.
C. Prmting cperatin between AI firms.
D. Investing mre in AI educatin in clleges.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章討論了人工智能(AI)對(duì)就業(yè)的影響及應(yīng)對(duì)措施。
【12題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第二段“Lw and middle-skilled jbs are mst at risk, including cnstructin, farming, fishing, frestry and, t a lesser extent, prductin and transprtatin. High-skilled ccupatins, despite being mre expsed t recent prgress in AI, face the least risk f autmatin. (低技能和中等技能的工作面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)最大,包括建筑、農(nóng)業(yè)、漁業(yè)、林業(yè),以及較小程度上的生產(chǎn)和運(yùn)輸。盡管高技能職業(yè)更容易接觸到人工智能的最新進(jìn)展,但它們面臨的自動(dòng)化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)最小。)”可知,低到中等技能的工作面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)最大,包括建筑、農(nóng)業(yè)、漁業(yè)和林業(yè)。由此可判斷建筑工人受自動(dòng)化的影響最大。故選B項(xiàng)。
【13題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“S far there is little evidence f a negative emplyment impact n firms that adpt AI. Wrkers and emplyers say that AI can reduce bring and dangerus tasks, leading t greater emplyee engagement and physical safety. (到目前為止,幾乎沒有證據(jù)表明采用人工智能的公司會(huì)對(duì)就業(yè)產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。員工和雇主表示,人工智能可以減少無(wú)聊和危險(xiǎn)的任務(wù),從而提高員工的敬業(yè)度和人身安全。)”及最后一段中“In my pinin, fr the better prtectin f the labur market and wrkers in the cming years, gvernments shuld encurage emplyers t prvide mre training, integrate AI skills int educatin and supprt diversity in the AI wrkfrce. There is an urgent need fr plicy actin t address AI risks in the wrkplace and t ensure accuntability fr and penness t emplyment-related decisins supprted by AI. (在我看來(lái),為了在未來(lái)幾年更好地保護(hù)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)和工人,政府應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)雇主提供更多的培訓(xùn),將人工智能技能融入教育,并支持人工智能勞動(dòng)力的多樣性。迫切需要采取政策行動(dòng),解決工作場(chǎng)所的人工智能風(fēng)險(xiǎn),并確保對(duì)人工智能支持的就業(yè)相關(guān)決策的問責(zé)制和開放性。)”可知,作者對(duì)人工智能持謹(jǐn)慎樂觀的態(tài)度,既看到了其優(yōu)勢(shì),也意識(shí)到需要采取措施來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)其帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。
【14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Nevertheless, a recent survey shwed that three in five wrkers are wrried abut lsing their jb t AI within the next decade. Additinally, a similar number f wrkers wrry that wages wuld decrease due t AI. Mre than half f wrkers are cncerned abut privacy and three in fur say that AI has increased wrk pace. (然而,最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示,五分之三的工人擔(dān)心在未來(lái)十年內(nèi)會(huì)被人工智能搶走工作。與此同時(shí),也有相當(dāng)比例的人擔(dān)心人工智能會(huì)導(dǎo)致工資下降。超過一半的員工擔(dān)心隱私問題,四分之三的人表示人工智能加快了工作節(jié)奏。)”可知,本段中的數(shù)據(jù)主要展示了工人們對(duì)人工智能影響的廣泛擔(dān)憂,包括失業(yè)、工資下降、隱私問題和工作節(jié)奏加快等。故選D項(xiàng)。
【15題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“In my pinin, fr the better prtectin f the labur market and wrkers in the cming years, gvernments shuld encurage emplyers t prvide mre training, integrate AI skills int educatin and supprt diversity in the AI wrkfrce. There is an urgent need fr plicy actin t address AI risks in the wrkplace and t ensure accuntability fr and penness t emplyment-related decisins supprted by AI. The recent speedup f generative AI-related develpments and tls marks a technlgical watershed (轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)) with material implicatins in many wrkplaces. Lnger-term plicy framewrks fr the use f AI in the wrkplace shuld be cnsidered and clser internatinal cperatin shuld be seen t maximize the benefits while apprpriately managing the risks. (在我看來(lái),為了在未來(lái)幾年更好地保護(hù)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)和工人,政府應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)雇主提供更多的培訓(xùn),將人工智能技能融入教育,并支持人工智能勞動(dòng)力的多樣性。迫切需要采取政策行動(dòng),解決工作場(chǎng)所的人工智能風(fēng)險(xiǎn),并確保對(duì)人工智能支持的就業(yè)相關(guān)決策的問責(zé)制和開放性。最近,與生成式人工智能相關(guān)的開發(fā)和工具的加速標(biāo)志著一個(gè)技術(shù)分水嶺,在許多工作場(chǎng)所具有重大影響。應(yīng)考慮在工作場(chǎng)所使用人工智能的長(zhǎng)期政策框架,并應(yīng)開展更密切的國(guó)際合作,以在適當(dāng)管理風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)利益最大化。)”可知,作者建議制定政策來(lái)調(diào)控人工智能對(duì)就業(yè)的影響,包括把人工智能技能納入教育體系、采取政策行動(dòng)應(yīng)對(duì)工作場(chǎng)所中的人工智能風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、考慮人工智能在工作場(chǎng)所使用的長(zhǎng)期政策框架等。故選A項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)
閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
When traveling in freign natins, yu have t knw their way f life._____16_____Otherwise, yu may get yurself n the wrng side. The fllwing are the things yu need t knw when rganizing sightseeing in a freign natin.
Knw as much as pssible abut yur destinatin befre travelling. What ne cuntry values might nt be accepted in a different cuntry. Get t knw the religin, language, culture and things that appear bvius. ___17___
Travel in the lw seasn. There are times when peple d sightseeing in large numbers. During such times, yu need t pay lts f mney fr yur flight.___18___Yu may als find htels with fd and accmmdatin are half the regular prices.
___19___Yu will get treated in the way yu interact with the peple that yu meet. Share infrmatin with the peple yu meet, and yu may get a nice experience in return. They may teach yu their language, custms, lifestyles and s n. Besides, yu may learn hw they call certain fds.
Enjy withut reservatin. Dn’t think f the next time.___20___Things change pretty fast, and yu may have nly ne chance. Take part in the activities the lcals engage in and make yur trip a memrable ne.
A. Be nice t peple.
B. Enjy the present mment.
C. Write dwn yur spending when travelling.
D. It requires yu t see things frm a different angle.
E. If there are nt many travelers, yu can save n tickets.
F. Traveling there, yu can cmmunicate better with lcal peple.
G. It refers t appreciating beautiful natural scenery in the cuntry.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. E 19. A 20. B
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在國(guó)外旅游時(shí)需要知道的一些事情,包括了解目的地的宗教、語(yǔ)言、文化等,選擇旅游淡季,善待他人,以及盡情享受當(dāng)下等。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)前句“When traveling in freign natins, yu have t knw their way f life. (在國(guó)外旅行時(shí),你必須了解他們的生活方式。)”和后句“Otherwise, yu may get yurself n the wrng side. (否則,你可能會(huì)站在錯(cuò)誤的一邊。)”可知,不了解他們的生活方式會(huì)帶來(lái)不好的結(jié)果,所以需要從不同的角度看問題。D 選項(xiàng)“It requires yu t see things frm a different angle. (這需要你從不同的角度看問題。)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“Knw as much as pssible abut yur destinatin befre travelling. (旅行前盡可能多地了解你的目的地。)”和“Get t knw the religin, language, culture and things that appear bvius. (去了解那里的宗教、語(yǔ)言、文化和一些顯而易見的東西。)”可知,這里進(jìn)一步介紹了解目的地的好處。F 選項(xiàng)“Traveling there, yu can cmmunicate better with lcal peple. (去那里旅行,你可以更好地與當(dāng)?shù)厝私涣鳌?”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)前句“During such times, yu need t pay lts f mney fr yur flight.(在這樣的時(shí)期,你需要為你的航班支付很多錢。)”可知,這里與上文形成對(duì)比,說明在旅游淡季旅行的好處。E 選項(xiàng)“If there are nt many travelers, yu can save n tickets. (如果游客不多,你可以節(jié)省機(jī)票錢。)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。
【19題詳解】
空白處位于段首,為該段的主旨句,根據(jù)后句“Yu will get treated in the way yu interact with the peple that yu meet.(你將以你與之互動(dòng)的人的方式受到對(duì)待。)”可知,空白處應(yīng)與“對(duì)待他人”有關(guān)。A 選項(xiàng)“Be nice t peple. (善待他人。)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)前句“Dn’t think f the next time.(不要考慮下一次。)可知,空白處應(yīng)說明不考慮下一次的原因是應(yīng)該享受當(dāng)下。B 選項(xiàng)“Enjy the present mment. (享受當(dāng)下。)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。
第三部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
The best example f universally understd bdy language may be the smile. A smile can pen drs and tear dwn walls amng ____21____. I had rganized and rerganized an ____22____ with the dentist fr mnths. I als ____23____ it twice and called the day befre t ____24____ all the paperwrk wuld be ready fr the X-ray.
Then I arrived, it wasn’t ____25____ at all. The lady with a cnfused lk there even wasn’t ____26____ what I was talking abut. I ____27____ felt my bld bil. I was getting s ____28____. I didn’t shut at her but the ____29____ I was talking t her was nt nice. I spke t her as if she were a child and incapable. It was nt a gd mment. The whle time she smiled and was _____30_____ t me.
Only when everything was finally _____31_____ was I nice. I sat dwn in the waiting area and _____32_____it all. Hw culd I make it better? Hw culd I make up fr my _____33_____ behaviur a mment ag? I culdn’t. I culd gift her a chclate bar I had n me, but this needed mre than that, it needed an hnest _____34_____ and that was exactly what I gave.
I aplgized fr the way I had spken t her and tld her it was wrng f me t d that, she accepted. Again with a _____35_____. It’s true that the smile made my anger disappear and pened a dr t understanding.
21. A. friendsB. relativesC. patientsD. strangers
22. A. interviewB. peratinC. appintmentD. experiment
23. A. arrangedB. cnfirmedC. discussedD. admitted
24. A. ensureB. apprveC. cncludeD. apply
25. A. crwdedB. penC. readyD. busy
26. A. ignrant fB. aware fC. eager frD. fit fr
27. A. immediatelyB. rughlyC. privatelyD. mildly
28. A. humrusB. sadC. madD. curius
29. A. habitB. tuneC. accentD. way
30. A. rudeB. appealingC. friendlyD. devted
31. A. figuredB. addedC. madeD. settled
32. A. reflected nB. wrked atC. called atD. went thrugh
33. A. unnecessaryB. impssibleC. impliteD. unfair
34. A. aplgyB. prmiseC. cmmentD. suggestin
35. A. hpeB. smileC. dubtD. belief
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文,主要講述了作者因?yàn)檠泪t(yī)診所沒有準(zhǔn)備好作者的預(yù)約而對(duì)那里的一位女士發(fā)脾氣,但那位女士全程微笑以待,后來(lái)作者意識(shí)到自己行為欠妥,向女士道了歉。微笑讓作者平息了怒氣,學(xué)會(huì)了理解。
【21題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:微笑可以打開陌生人之間的門,推倒陌生人之間的墻。A. friends朋友;B. relatives親戚;C. patients病人;D. strangers陌生人。根據(jù)下文講述的作者和牙醫(yī)診所里的女士之間發(fā)生的事情可知,這里指的是陌生人之間。故選D。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我安排并確認(rèn)與牙醫(yī)的預(yù)約好幾個(gè)月了。A. interview面試,采訪;B. peratin手術(shù);C. appintment預(yù)約,約會(huì);D. experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)空后的“with the dentist”可知,這里指和牙醫(yī)的預(yù)約。故選C。
【23題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我還確認(rèn)了兩次,并在前一天打了電話,以確保所有進(jìn)行X光檢查的文書工作都已準(zhǔn)備好。A. arranged安排;B. cnfirmed確認(rèn),證實(shí);C. discussed討論;D. admitted承認(rèn)。根據(jù)空后的“it twice and called the day befre t ________all the paperwrk wuld be ready fr the X-ray”可知,對(duì)于和牙醫(yī)的預(yù)約,作者確認(rèn)了兩次。故選B。
【24題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A. ensure確保;B. apprve同意,批準(zhǔn);C. cnclude作出結(jié)論;D. apply應(yīng)用。根據(jù)空前的“called the day befre t”和空后的“all the paperwrk wuld be ready fr the X-ray”可知,作者在去診所前一天還打電話,以確保一切就緒。故選A。
【25題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:然后我到了,它根本沒有準(zhǔn)備好。A. crwded擁擠的;B. pen打開的;C. ready準(zhǔn)備好的;D. busy忙的。根據(jù)上文中的“all the paperwrk wuld be ready fr the X-ray”可知,這里是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn),指事情都沒有準(zhǔn)備好。故選C。
【26題詳解】
考查形容詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:那位滿臉疑惑的女士甚至不是不知道我在說什么。A. ignrant f不知道;B. aware f意識(shí)到;C. eager fr渴望;D. fit fr適合。根據(jù)上文“The lady with a cnfused lk there”可知,那位女士一臉困惑,說明不知道作者在說什么。故選A。
【27題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:我立刻感到怒火中燒。A. immediately立即;B. rughly大約;C. privately私下地;D. mildly輕微地,溫和地。根據(jù)空后“felt my bld bil”可知,作者明明提前預(yù)約并且確認(rèn)了,結(jié)果到那里后發(fā)現(xiàn)什么都沒準(zhǔn)備好,作者應(yīng)該是感到怒火中燒。故選A。
【28題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我快氣死了。A. humrus幽默的;B. sad悲傷的;C. mad生氣的;D. curius好奇的。根據(jù)上文“felt my bld bil”和下文“I didn’t shut at her but the ________ I was talking t her was nt nice.”可知,作者到診所后發(fā)現(xiàn)什么都沒有準(zhǔn)備好,非常生氣。故選C。
【29題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我沒有對(duì)她大喊大叫,但我還不如這樣做,因?yàn)槲液退f話的方式不好。A. habit習(xí)慣;B. tune曲調(diào);C. accent口音;D. way方法,方式。根據(jù)下文的“I aplgized fr the way”可知,我和她說話的方式不好。故選D。
【30題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:她一直微笑著,對(duì)我很友好。A. rude粗魯?shù)模籅. appealing吸引人的;C. friendly友好的;D. devted全心全意的。根據(jù)句中的“she smiled”可知,這位女士面對(duì)作者的不友好語(yǔ)氣,全程微笑以待,友好面對(duì)作者。故選C。
【31題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:只有當(dāng)一切最終妥善解決時(shí),我才友好起來(lái)。A. figured認(rèn)為,計(jì)算;B. added添加,補(bǔ)充;C. made制作;D. settled妥善處理。根據(jù)空前的“everything was finally”和下文中的“was I nice”說明作者的事情最終得到妥善解決了。故選D。
【32題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:坐在等候區(qū),思考著這一切。A. reflected n認(rèn)真思考;B. wrked at致力于;C. called at???;D. went thrugh經(jīng)歷,通過。根據(jù)下文的“Hw culd I make it better? Hw culd I make up fr my ________behaviur a mment ag?”可知,作者思考剛才發(fā)生的事情。故選A。
【33題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我怎樣才能彌補(bǔ)我剛才的不禮貌行為?A. unnecessary不必要的;B. impssible不可能的;C. implite不禮貌的;D. unfair不公平的。根據(jù)空后的“behaviur a mment ag”并結(jié)合上文作者語(yǔ)氣不善地對(duì)女士說話可知,這里指作者剛才的不禮貌行為。故選C。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我可以送她一塊我隨身帶的巧克力棒,但這需要的不僅僅是這個(gè),它需要一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的道歉,而這正是我給她的。A. aplgy道歉;B. prmise承諾;C. cmment評(píng)論;D. suggestin建議。根據(jù)下文中的“I aplgized”可知,這里指作者認(rèn)為自己需要道歉。故選A。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:再次帶著微笑。A. hpe希望;B. smile微笑;C. dubt懷疑;D. belief信仰。根據(jù)句中的Again和上文中的“The whle time she smiled”可知,這位女士再次報(bào)以微笑。故選B。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Shark’s Fin and Sichuan Pepper (《魚翅與花椒》) is a bk n Chinese cuisine by British writer Fuchsia Dunlp, ___36___ has spent abut 15 years explring China and its diverse fd culture. The bk ___37___ (cnsist) f 16 chapters, each featuring a practical recipe. Dunlp explrers Chinese fd frm the remte Gansu cuntryside ___38___ the histric city f Yangzhu. Rather than ___39___ (mere) presenting the fd, she immerses herself in tasting it and, mre imprtantly, investigating it.
Frm amazement t ___40___ (accept), Dunlp embarks n this fd jurney by learning t ck and trying different Chinese fds including sea cucumber and scrpin (蝎子), despite her usual dietary preferences.
This ___41___ (remark) bk prvides an exciting jurney changing frm simple descriptins f Sichuan pepper t serius discussins n tpics like animal cruelty related t expensive fd such as shark’s fin. Readers are als encuraged ___42___ (appreciate) ther aspects f life beynd fd frm the perspective f ___43___ utsider.
Dunlp’s passin fr Chinese cuisine is clear thrughut her writing. She shws hw westerners can set aside biases (偏見) and accept Chinese culture. This duality (雙重性) ___44___ (reflect) in the bk’s title: Sichuan pepper stands fr everyday energy, while shark’s fin represents high-end luxury. This mix f daily life and a taste fr luxury enriches Chinese cuisine, ____45____ (leave) a lasting impressin n readers.
【答案】36. wh 37. cnsists 38. t 39. merely 40. acceptance 41. remarkable 42. t appreciate 43. an 44. is reflected 45. leaving
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了《魚翅與花椒》一書以及作家對(duì)中國(guó)美食的探索。
【36題詳解】
考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:《魚翅與花椒》是英國(guó)作家Fuchsia Dunlp關(guān)于中國(guó)烹飪的一本書,她花了大約15年的時(shí)間探索中國(guó)及其多樣的飲食文化。本空引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是Fuchsia Dunlp,指人,關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ),應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞wh引導(dǎo)。故填wh。
【37題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:這本書由16章組成,每一章都有一個(gè)實(shí)用的食譜。cnsist f“包括,由……組成”。此處描述的是一般事實(shí),所以時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),且主語(yǔ)The bk是第三人稱單數(shù),所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用cnsist的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填cnsists。
【38題詳解】
考查介詞。句意:鄧洛普從遙遠(yuǎn)的甘肅鄉(xiāng)村探索到歷史悠久的揚(yáng)州美食。frm... t...“從……到……”,為固定短語(yǔ),其中t為介詞。故填t。
【39題詳解】
考查副詞。句意:她不僅僅是呈現(xiàn)食物,而是沉浸其中品嘗,更重要的是對(duì)其進(jìn)行研究。此處修飾動(dòng)詞presenting,所以用副詞merely“僅僅”,作狀語(yǔ)。故填merely。
【40題詳解】
考查名詞。句意:從驚訝到接受,鄧洛普通過學(xué)做和嘗試不同的中國(guó)食物(包括海參和蝎子),開始了她的美食之旅,盡管她平時(shí)的飲食偏好并非如此。frm... t...“從……到……”,為固定短語(yǔ),其中t為介詞,本空作t的賓語(yǔ),所以此處用名詞acceptance“接受”。故填acceptance。
【41題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意:這本非凡的書提供了一段從簡(jiǎn)單描述四川花椒到嚴(yán)肅討論與昂貴食物(如魚翅)相關(guān)的動(dòng)物虐待等話題的激動(dòng)人心的旅程。此處修飾名詞bk,作定語(yǔ),所以形容詞用remarkable“非凡的”。故填remarkable。
【42題詳解】
考查固定搭配。句意:讀者也被鼓勵(lì)從一個(gè)局外人的角度欣賞食物之外的生活的其他方面。本句謂語(yǔ)為are encuraged,此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,encurage sb. t d sth.表示“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”,本空用appreciate“欣賞”的不定式。故填t appreciate。
【43題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意:讀者也被鼓勵(lì)從一個(gè)局外人的角度欣賞食物之外的生活的其他方面。此處泛指“一個(gè)局外人”,且utsider是發(fā)音以元音音素開頭的單詞,所以不定冠詞用an。故填an。
【44題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:這種雙重性在書名中得到了體現(xiàn):四川花椒代表日?;盍Γ~翅則代表高端奢華。本句描述的一般事實(shí),所以時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),且主語(yǔ)This duality與reflect“反映,顯示”為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),主語(yǔ)為 第三人稱單數(shù),be動(dòng)詞用is。故填is reflected。
【45題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:這種日常生活與奢華品味的結(jié)合豐富了中國(guó)美食,給讀者留下了深刻的印象。本句謂語(yǔ)為enriches,此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,且This mix與leave“留下”為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞,作狀語(yǔ)。故填leaving。
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
46. 假定你是某國(guó)際學(xué)校的學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華,你們學(xué)校正在開展“創(chuàng)建美麗校園”的活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)給全校學(xué)生寫一封倡議書。要點(diǎn)包括:
1. 校園內(nèi)存在的不文明現(xiàn)象;
2. 創(chuàng)建美麗校園的重要性;
3. 你的建議;
注意:1.詞數(shù) 80 字左右(開頭已經(jīng)給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。
Dear fellw students,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
the Students’ Unin
【參考范文】
Dear fellw students,
At present, ur schl is carrying ut an activity called “Building a Beautiful Campus”, and I am here t call n everyne t take an active part in it.
An attractive campus can make ur learning pleasant and imprve ur grades. Hwever, sme students can be seen running n the lawn, picking flwers r thrwing rubbish everywhere, which have already harmed ur schl envirnment. It’s time we did smething t change the situatin. Frm my perspective, everyne is respnsible fr the beauty f ur campus. Besides, if we all avid ding anything imprper, ur campus will becme mre beautiful.
Every effrt matters. Let’s take actin nw.
the Students’ Unin
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
47. 閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
My eyes met hers and we bth grinned befre leaping int the water. Nw, I was an excellent swimmer. Yet, a few mnths ag, things were different. And I had t thank her fr helping me.
I was always afraid f water. This fear culd nt be explained, but I knew that the mment I stepped near any bdy f water, my legs wuld turn t jelly. I wuld imagine myself drwning in the water. That was why I had never gne int a swimming pl until swimming became a schl requirement. My schl wanted all pupils t pass a swimming test, and if they culd nt, then they wuld have t attend weekly swimming lessns in schl, which sent fright dwn my spine (脊柱). Thus, my parents signed me up fr swimming lessns at the pl near my huse. I had t attend thse weekly lessns, and each ne was great trture (折磨) fr me. I was naturally awkward, and my fear f water did nt help at all. Every lessn, I wuld be spending my time thrashing (拍打) abut in the water while my classmates wuld be swimming cuntless laps effrtlessly. Hw was I ging t pass the test at this rate?I was discuraged. In my swimming class, there was an exceptinally athletic girl. Her name was Kathy. She was the best swimmer in ur class and always lked at me with disdain (鄙視). Once, after a particularly lng and hard swimming lessn, I sptted Kathy swimming gracefully in the pl. Mustering my curage, I asked meekly (溫順地),“Kathy, can yu teach me swimming?” She stared at me cldly, and I thught she was ging t refuse my request. T my surprise, she ndded after a few mments f silence.
1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)為150左右;
2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Frm then n, Kathy stayed back fr abut an hur after every swimming lessn fr me.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Fur mnths flew past and it was time fr me t take my test.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【參考范文】
Paragraph1:
Frm then n, Kathy stayed back fr abut an hur after every swimming lessn fr me. Her teaching is simple yet extremely effective. Withut t many cliché instructins, she assisted me t jump int water directly and then demnstrated the prper swimming strke beautifully. But nce I was in the water, the feeling f fear drwned me again. In great disappintment even frustratin, I leaned against the pl wall and dared nt t swim any further. Kathy swam arund me, patted n my back and encuraged me t try again. As time went by, I made great prgress.
Paragraph 2:
Fur mnths flew past and it was time fr me t take my test. Leaping int the water, I was seized by the familiar fear again. On the verge f giving up, Kathy’s trust breathed curage and cnfidence in me. I managed t cllect all my strength and swam t the finishing line. Eventually I passed the swimming test! Never had I been s verjyed. Turning arund, Kathy reached fr me and hugged me tightly. The light f the sun shne n us, witnessing the start f a new friendship.
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