閱讀理解是每年中考試題的“重中之重”。此題型的分值為30-40分，約占整套試題總分的45%左右。閱讀理解主要考查考生通過(guò)閱讀短文獲取一定信息的能力。近幾年的中考試題考查的文體多為記敘文、說(shuō)明文、應(yīng)用文等，考查內(nèi)容比較廣泛。
不僅如此，閱讀理解的文章在體裁方面也越來(lái)越多樣化，廣告、圖表等應(yīng)用文是近年來(lái)中考試題的新體裁；在內(nèi)容方面，也更加體現(xiàn)了時(shí)代性和可讀性，題材包括科普、社會(huì)、文化、政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)等方面。
知識(shí)構(gòu)建： 文體： 01、記敘文 02、說(shuō)明文 03、議論文 04、應(yīng)用文
考查方向： 01主旨題 02 推斷題 03 猜測(cè)詞義題 04細(xì)節(jié)理解題。
考向一、應(yīng)用文
英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用文屬于實(shí)用型文體，如書(shū)信、通知、日記、廣告等。應(yīng)用文閱讀要注意文中具體細(xì)節(jié)的把握與理解，弄清作者所傳達(dá)的實(shí)際信息及表達(dá)的具體內(nèi)容。閱讀時(shí)采取速讀與精讀相結(jié)合的方法，力求快速精確地查出試題所設(shè)置的關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容。
宜采用“題干定位法”
應(yīng)用文閱讀材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能滿(mǎn)足各種人對(duì)信息的需求，但在中考試題中，常常是 就某一點(diǎn)提問(wèn)，以細(xì)節(jié)理解題為主，考生完全沒(méi)有必要從頭到尾全部仔細(xì)閱讀，因?yàn)椴牧现杏泻芏嗳哂酂o(wú)效信息。做此類(lèi)題時(shí)，宜采用“題干定位法”，即先閱讀題干，然后根據(jù)問(wèn)題要求，按照題目順序依次有 針對(duì)性地結(jié)合題干關(guān)鍵詞到文中定位答案范圍，閱讀相關(guān)部分，快速尋找有效信息，再把原文和選項(xiàng)相比 較。當(dāng)問(wèn)題與材料相同的時(shí)候，對(duì)號(hào)入座；如果問(wèn)題與原文不同，則可以同義替換、歸納事實(shí)等。
采用尋讀、跳讀的方法
要注意 根據(jù)所提問(wèn)題采用尋讀、跳讀的方法，這樣往往可以達(dá)到事半功倍的效果。
（2023·廣州）
26. Wh might be mst interested in reading this passage?
A. Yung sprts lvers.B. Teenagers in need f help.
C. Summer camp planners.D. Kids lking fr dressing ideas.
27. What prblem des Mike need t slve?
A. Having an unwanted hliday plan.B. Failing t manage his time wisely.
C. Nt knwing hw t tidy his rm.D. Unable t get n well with his friends.
28. What advice des the writer give t Jessie?
A. Tell yur parents hw yu feel.B. Be ready t help ther students.
C. Study harder in the summer camp.D. See the advantage f what yu dislike.
【答案】26. B 27. C 28. D
【解析】本文是三個(gè)青少年的問(wèn)題以及作者給出的建議。
26.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“What shuld I d?—Ann”、“My rm is always messy. N matter what I d, I can’t keep it clean!—Mike”和“I’m sad because I have t g t a summer camp. I just want t have a summer like my friends. Help me ut!—Jessie”可知需要幫助的青少年對(duì)這篇文章最感興趣，故選B。
27.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“My rm is always messy. N matter what I d, I can’t keep it clean!—Mike”可知Mike不知道如何整理他房間。故選C。
28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“We’re srry yu’re feeling this way! The best thing t d is t lk at things n the bright side.”可知作者建議Jessie要看到事物好的一面，故選D。
考向二、記敘文
做記敘文的時(shí)候先將事情發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)，人物弄清楚。然后了解事件發(fā)生經(jīng)過(guò)。英語(yǔ)記敘文以描寫(xiě)敘述為主，主要描寫(xiě)人物、事件、地點(diǎn)、或過(guò)程。特點(diǎn)是，其主題往往潛伏在字里行間，沒(méi)有直接地表白出來(lái)；文章主旨要透過(guò)體察所揭示的人物、事件來(lái)進(jìn)行提煉。描寫(xiě)手法大多按時(shí)間跨度、空間順序、上下順序來(lái)展開(kāi)。閱讀記敘文體應(yīng)采取略讀和掃讀的方法，快速抓住文中描寫(xiě)的主要內(nèi)容，從整體上去把握文章的連貫性，進(jìn)而大體上揣測(cè)出作者的寫(xiě)作意圖及情感主線。中考閱讀就記敘文設(shè)題大多以細(xì)節(jié)理解為主。
（2023·廣州）
Cme n, Amy. Yu must TRY HARDER. Amy tld herself silently. She was in her class’ Secnd-Day-f-Schl Game with her teammates, whm she nly met yesterday. This was her first chance t make new friends, and she was nervus.
S far Amy hadn’t given any useful suggestins—after all, she was ttally new t this twn. Luckily, n ne seemed t care abut it. This relaxed her a lt.
Since the Blue Team left the park, they had wrked ut the first tw clues (線索) and had been t the pst ffice. Nw they were in frnt f the cinema.
Henry was reading alud the third clue: G t ur twn funder’s last resting place.
I knw THIS ONE! Amy thught, excited.
“T the cemetery (墓地)” Cindy said.
“N, wait!” Amy said. “I’ve read abut it. The funder was buried near the library.”
“Ww. I’ve walked by every day,” Tyler said. “Never knew that!”
“Gd jb! That will save valuable time, ” Cindy smiled at Amy.
“We still need t hurry,” Tyler reminded, pinting t the Yellw Team cming near.
“I knw a shrtcut!” Henry suggested. “Fllw me!” N ne mved.
“N, seriusly,” Henry said. “Yu knw I’m always running late. I knw every shrtcut in twn.” The thers finally agreed.
A few sharp turns, and they were there! This time Amy read the clue alud: Nw g t the place where the ftball is running arund!
“The ftball stadium!” They called ut tgether and started t run…
Nw they’d gt the final clue: Lk where yu’ve been, see where yu are. Use yur map wisely and yu’ll be a star!
Lking clsely at the map, everyne thught hard.
“Aha! A star!” Cindy suddenly brke the silence. She quickly tk ut a pencil.
As they watched her drawing lines n the map, everyne understd.
They began running back t where they started. They were clser and clser, and finally crssed the finish line-just ne step behind the Red Team!
“S…clse…” Tyler made a face, and they all laughed tgether.
“Nice jb, new girl,” Cindy gave Amy a high-five.
“That was really fun,” said Henry. “I hpe we’ll be n the same team sn.”
“Me, t,” Amy agreed, smiling.
1 What des the beginning f the stry tell us abut Amy?
A. She didn’t want t play the game.B. She was a new student in her class.
C. She was a member f the Red Team.D. She didn’t understand the game rules.
2. Why did the team let Henry lead the way at last?
A. He ran fastest in the team.B. They didn’t knw the way.
C. They trusted his rich experience.D. He was best at playing the game.
3. Where was the finish line f the game?
A. In the park.B. Next t the pst ffice.
C. In frnt f the cinema.D. Outside the library.
4 Why did Amy smile at the end f the stry?
A. Her team came in first.B. She was accepted as a friend.
C. She n lnger felt nervus.D. There wuld be a game sn.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B
【解析】這篇文章講述了一個(gè)叫Amy的女孩在新學(xué)校參加游戲活動(dòng)，與新認(rèn)識(shí)的隊(duì)友們一起完成任務(wù)，并且成為了好朋友的故事。Amy一開(kāi)始非常緊張，因?yàn)椴皇煜こ鞘校瑹o(wú)法提供很多有用的建議，但是隊(duì)友們都沒(méi)有介意并給予了她支持。在比賽過(guò)程中，他們一起尋找線索，完成任務(wù)，并且在最后一步比賽中只差一步落敗，但是大家笑著慶祝并成為了好朋友。整個(gè)過(guò)程中，大家相互支持鼓勵(lì)，體現(xiàn)了團(tuán)隊(duì)合作和友誼的精神。
本文以事件發(fā)展為線索：
新學(xué)期游戲中，新生Amy幫藍(lán)隊(duì)解謎，在隊(duì)友鼓勵(lì)下增加自信。他們解決線索，歷經(jīng)郵局、圖書(shū)館到達(dá)足球場(chǎng)。最后使用地圖找到最終線索，緊隨紅隊(duì)到達(dá)終點(diǎn)，團(tuán)隊(duì)表現(xiàn)讓Amy贏得認(rèn)可和友誼
1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“This was her first chance t make new friends, and she was nervus.”以及“S far Amy hadn’t given any useful suggestins—after all, she was ttally new t this twn.”可推斷艾米是班里的新學(xué)生。故選B。
2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Henry said. ‘Yu knw I’m always running late. I knw every shrtcut in twn.’ The thers finally agreed.”（亨利說(shuō)。“你知道我總是遲到。我知道城里所有的近路。”其他人最終同意了。）可知團(tuán)隊(duì)最后讓亨利帶路是相信他豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選C。
3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Since the Blue Team left the park, they had wrked ut the first tw clues (線索)”可知最開(kāi)始的地方是在公園；根據(jù)“Lk where yu’ve been, see where yu are. Use yur map wisely and yu’ll be a star!”（看看你去過(guò)哪里，看看你在哪里。明智地使用你的地圖，你將成為一個(gè)明星?。┙Y(jié)合圖片可知，走過(guò)的路線要形成一個(gè)五角星，結(jié)合“As they watched her drawing lines n the map, everyne understd.”和“They began running back t where they started.”可知比賽的終點(diǎn)線在公園，故選A。
4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“‘S…clse…’ Tyler made a face, and they all laughed tgether.”以及“I hpe we’ll be n the same team sn.”可知，艾米在故事的結(jié)尾笑了是因?yàn)樗划?dāng)作朋友接受了。故選B。
考向三、說(shuō)明文
說(shuō)明文是對(duì)客觀事物的性狀、特點(diǎn)、功能和用途等作科學(xué)解說(shuō)的。它既不像記敘文那樣重在情節(jié)的敘述和描寫(xiě)，也不像議論文那樣，重在闡明主張和論點(diǎn)論據(jù)；說(shuō)明文是通過(guò)解說(shuō)事物、闡明事理，說(shuō)明文是中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題中的重點(diǎn)，難點(diǎn)之一。說(shuō)明文具有與自己特點(diǎn)相適應(yīng)的說(shuō)明方法，因此說(shuō)明文結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)多，易于拉開(kāi)考生分?jǐn)?shù)檔次，對(duì)于考生來(lái)說(shuō)說(shuō)明文抽象度高，解題難度大。因此考生要掌握說(shuō)明文的命題特點(diǎn)，敘述方式，以冷靜的心態(tài)閱讀原文，重點(diǎn)突破長(zhǎng)句結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)和邏輯關(guān)系，以便對(duì)其做出準(zhǔn)確的語(yǔ)意理解。
（2023·廣州）
Peple believe that every wrd has its crrect meaning(s). When we are nt sure, we usually check nline, r turn t ur teachers r dictinaries. But d yu knw hw dictinaries were made in the past?
Dictinary writers first read the imprtant bks f the perid r the subject that the dictinary was abut. As they read, they cpied necessary infrmatin n cards: interesting wrds, cmmn wrds—bth in their daily uses and unusual uses, and als the sentences where they were used. That is t say, the wrds, alng with the uses f each wrd, were cllected. Fr a really big dictinary, millins f such cards were cllected. This task culd last fr years. As the cards were cllected, they were put in alphabetical rder (A—Z). When this was dne, there wuld be several hundred cards fr each single wrd.
Then, t define (定義) a wrd, the dictinary writer placed its hundreds f cards befre him. He read the cards clsely, threw away sme, read the rest again, and divided up the cards accrding t what he thught were the cmmn uses f the wrd. Finally, he wrte the definitins, fllwing the hard-and-fast rule: each definitin must cme frm an example n a certain card in frnt f him.
S, the writing f a dictinary was nt a task f inventing meanings f wrds, but a task f recrding their meanings. The writer f a dictinary was a histrian, nt a law maker.
As time develps, the way f prducing dictinaries has greatly changed. Nwadays, we can use nline dictinaries t. When chsing ur wrds in speaking r writing, we can be guided by the dictinary. Hwever, we cannt be cntrlled by it, because new situatins, new experiences, new inventins, and new feelings, are always pushing us t give new uses t ld wrds.
37. Why did dictinary writers read imprtant bks?
A. T knw mre abut the perid.B. T cllect wrds and their uses.
C. T understand different subjects.D. T learn t use interesting wrds.
38. Which shws the crrect steps f hw dictinaries were made in the past?

A. ①-③-④-②B. ①-②-④-③C. ③-④-②-①D. ③-①-④-②
39. What can we learn frm the passage abut dictinary writing in the past?
A. It shuld be dne by histrians.B. It was a task f inventing and recrding.
C. It was lng-time hard wrk.D. It had t use the law-making rules.
40. What des the writer advise us t d when we chse wrds in cmmunicatin?
A. Be pen t the new uses f wrds.B. Fllw the dictinary strictly.
C. Use nline dictinaries instead.D. Try t create new wrds.
【答案】37. B 38. D 39. C 40. A
【解析】本文主要介紹了過(guò)去詞典是如何制作的。
37.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“As they read, they cpied necessary infrmatin n cards: interesting wrds, cmmn wrds—bth in their daily uses and unusual uses, and als the sentences where they were used. That is t say, the wrds, alng with the uses f each wrd, were cllected.”（當(dāng)他們閱讀時(shí)，他們把必要的信息抄寫(xiě)在卡片上：有趣的單詞，常見(jiàn)的單詞——包括日常使用和不常用的單詞，以及使用這些單詞的句子。也就是說(shuō)，這些單詞以及每個(gè)單詞的用法都被收集了起來(lái)。）可推知詞典編纂者要讀重要的書(shū)籍是為了收集單詞及其用法，故選B。
38.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“As they read, they cpied necessary infrmatin n cards: interesting wrds, cmmn wrds-bth in their daily uses and unusual uses, and als the sentences where they were used.”、“As the cards were cllected, they were put in alphabetical rder (A—Z). ”、“Then, t define (定義) a wrd, the dictinary writer placed its hundreds f cards befre him. He read the cards clsely, threw away sme, read the rest again, and divided up the cards accrding t what he thught were the cmmn uses f the wrd.”、“Finally, he wrte the definitins, fllwing the hard-and-fast rule: each definitin must cme frm an example n a certain card in frnt f him.”可知，過(guò)去制作字典首先把有趣單詞，日常使用和不尋常使用的常見(jiàn)單詞，以及使用它們的句子記在卡片上；然后收集卡片時(shí)，按字母順序（A-Z）排列；其次篩選卡片，根據(jù)詞典編纂者認(rèn)為的單詞的常用用法將卡片分開(kāi)；最后是按照硬性規(guī)定寫(xiě)下了定義，每個(gè)定義都必須來(lái)自他面前某張卡片上的一個(gè)例子。所以正確的步驟是③-①-④-②。故選D。
39.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Fr a really big dictinary, millins f such cards were cllected.”（對(duì)于一本真正的大字典來(lái)說(shuō)，收集了數(shù)百萬(wàn)張這樣的卡片。）可知過(guò)去編纂詞典是一項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)期艱苦的工作。故選C。
40.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Hwever, we cannt be cntrlled by it, because new situatins, new experiences, new inventins, and new feelings, are always pushing us t give new uses t ld wrds.”可知作者建議大家在使用詞典時(shí)不能被它所控制，因?yàn)樾碌那闆r、新的經(jīng)歷、新的發(fā)明和新的感受總是在推動(dòng)我們對(duì)舊詞賦予新的用途，也就是接受詞匯的新用法。故選A。
考向四 議論文
英語(yǔ)議論文通常為三段式，即“論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、結(jié)論”三部份組成。首先借助某一現(xiàn)象引出論點(diǎn)，然后通過(guò)一定論據(jù)從各個(gè)層面上加以推理論證，最后得出結(jié)論。議論文體主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)論點(diǎn)及論據(jù)的把握。因此，遇到議論文體時(shí)，應(yīng)采取抓主題句的方法來(lái)把握文章主旨，弄清作者的觀點(diǎn)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，作者的論點(diǎn)通常在文章首段被引出，接著是對(duì)這一論點(diǎn)的邏輯推理和論證，最后為結(jié)論。還應(yīng)注意的是：在對(duì)論點(diǎn)論證的過(guò)程中，每一段的首句都是該段的主題句。把握全文論點(diǎn)、弄清論證各段的主題句、理解文章層次、找出中心論點(diǎn)的位置是理解議論文的關(guān)鍵。
一、重視文章標(biāo)題，找準(zhǔn)全文主題句，把握文章主旨。議論文特別注意主題句，往往有總說(shuō)和分說(shuō)的關(guān)系，主題句往往出現(xiàn)在第一句或最后歸納總結(jié)句中。
二、細(xì)讀文章，注意文章細(xì)節(jié)理解。與前面做題相同。
三、理解整體語(yǔ)篇，掌握作者意圖。議論文一定有作者的觀點(diǎn)，要正確把握。
（2023·杭州）
We all enjy being part f a grup—there’s n better wrk than teamwrk, right? Actually, I disagree. Teamwrk can be hard. In fact, it was s difficult that I left my ffice jb and started wrking frm hme n my wn. It’s a much better fit fr me, and it has made me think abut why teamwrk can make ur jbs harder rather than easier.
Persnalities (個(gè)性) can make teamwrk difficult. There’s ften smene n the team that puts their needs first. The team ften ges alng with this persn, whse ideas might nt be the best, just the ludest. Just ne difficult persnality can make teamwrk hard. Cmbine (結(jié)合) several challenging persnality types, and it’s even harder.
Nt having enugh time tgether can als make teamwrk challenging. Fr example, I was nce n a team where we never had enugh time t meet as a grup. T successfully wrk as a team, yu need time tgether—and lts f it.
A final reasn teamwrk is difficult is because there’s ften n training n hw t wrk n a team. Yu can’t just put peple in a rm and expect them t wrk well with each ther. Yu need t build trust with yur team members. Think f ftball players: They aren’t just given a ball and tld t play. They practice, and they train.
Team can be hard, but wrking alne has its challenges, t. When my cmputer desn’t wrk, I dn’t have an IT persn t turn t. When I have a great idea, I dn’t have anyne t share it with t see if it really is a great idea. Dn’t get me wrng—I still like my team f ne and enjy making all f the imprtant decisins myself. But nw I realize what was wrng with the teamwrk I did in the past and hw gd teamwrk culd be if dne crrectly. And that’s useful infrmatin—because ne day I might want t turn my ME TEAM int a WE TEAM.
12. Why did the writer chse t wrk frm hme n his wn?
A. T keep himself busier.B. T keep himself healthier.
C. T make his jb easier.D. T make his team harder.
13. Which f the fllwing makes teamwrk difficult?
A. Strng persnality.B. Lts f teamwrk time.C. Challenging ideas.D. Clear team rles.
14. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. WE TEAM has hardly any advantages.B. ME TEAM needs a lt f IT engineers.
C. ME TEAM has n challenges fr the writer.D. WE TEAM may be the writer’s chice ne day.
15. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T shw the advantages f teamwrk.B. T tell the imprtance f teamwrk.
C. T intrduce the influence f teamwrk.D. T explain the difficulties f teamwrk.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D
【解析】本文主要解釋了團(tuán)隊(duì)合作讓工作變得困難的原因。
12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Teamwrk can be hard. In fact, it was s difficult that I left my ffice jb and started wrking frm hme n my wn.”可知，作者選擇自己在家工作是因?yàn)閳F(tuán)隊(duì)合作太難了，他想讓工作更簡(jiǎn)單。故選C。
13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Persnalities (個(gè)性) can make teamwrk difficult.”可知，成員的個(gè)性會(huì)使團(tuán)隊(duì)合作變得困難。故選A。
14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“because ne day I might want t turn my ME TEAM int a WE TEAM.”可知，“大家的團(tuán)隊(duì)”也許有一天會(huì)成為作者的選擇。故選D。
15.主旨大意題。根據(jù)主旨句“Teamwrk can be hard… and it has made me think abut why teamwrk can make ur jbs harder rather than easier.”可知，本文的目的是為了解釋團(tuán)隊(duì)合作讓工作變得困難的原因。故選D。
考向探究，規(guī)律探尋
掌握中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題的應(yīng)試技巧，正確地理解和分析問(wèn)題，考生應(yīng)從以下幾個(gè)方面入手：
一、主旨題
文章段落的首句和末句，一般表達(dá)文章的主題和段落的中心思想，其他句子只起補(bǔ)充、說(shuō)明、解釋或引申的作用。因此，首先要搜索目標(biāo)，找出文章及段落中的主題句，了解了它們的含義，就可以順著提供的主要線索去捕捉文章的相關(guān)信息，從而獲得解決問(wèn)題的答案。最有效的辦法是找出主題句。主題句一般具有三個(gè)特點(diǎn)：
（1）表述的意思通常是總結(jié)性的；
（2）句子結(jié)構(gòu)較簡(jiǎn)單，多數(shù)都不采用長(zhǎng)、難句的形式；
（3）段落中其他的句子必定是用來(lái)解釋、支撐或發(fā)展主題句所表述的主題思想的。
二、 推斷題
推理是在既有信息的基礎(chǔ)上得出合乎文章內(nèi)容的內(nèi)涵意義，即某一問(wèn)題、某一觀點(diǎn)沒(méi)有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行間，要求通過(guò)文中信息分析推出某種符合作者思想、符合文章邏輯的內(nèi)涵意義。推斷則是指通過(guò)對(duì)文章進(jìn)行符合邏輯的綜合分析，推出文章未直接陳述的言外之意。推斷題推斷得正確與否，很大程度上取決于是否能正確把握作者潛隱在字里行間的語(yǔ)氣及觀點(diǎn)。
（1）事實(shí)推斷。這種推斷常常針對(duì)某一個(gè)或幾個(gè)具體細(xì)節(jié)，是比較簡(jiǎn)單的推斷。進(jìn)行這種推斷，要首先在文章中找出據(jù)以推斷的有關(guān)文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行間的意思。
（2）指代推斷。確定指代詞的含義和指代對(duì)象是閱讀理解題常見(jiàn)的題目。要確定指代詞所指代的對(duì)象，關(guān)鍵在于對(duì)上下文的正確理解。指代名詞的指代詞，其單復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)與被指代的詞一致，因此數(shù)的形式可作為識(shí)別指代對(duì)象的第一個(gè)輔助標(biāo)志。
（3）邏輯推斷。這類(lèi)題目往往是要求根據(jù)文章所提供的背景、人物的表情、動(dòng)作和語(yǔ)言來(lái)推斷出人物的態(tài)度或感受。
（4）對(duì)作者的意圖和態(tài)度的推斷。這一類(lèi)考題大都要求學(xué)生就作者對(duì)論述對(duì)象持什么樣的態(tài)度做出推斷，如作者對(duì)所陳述的觀點(diǎn)是贊同、反對(duì)，還是猶豫不定，對(duì)記述或描寫(xiě)的人、物或事件是贊頌、同情、冷漠，還是厭惡。作者的這種思想傾向和感情色彩不一定直接表述出來(lái)，而往往隱含在字里行間。因此，進(jìn)行這種推斷時(shí)，我們既要依靠短文的主題思想作為推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辭，尤其是形容詞一類(lèi)的修飾語(yǔ)。總之，只要平時(shí)善于積累，并熟練運(yùn)用上述解題技巧，初中閱讀理解題就將不再是難題。
三、 猜測(cè)詞義題
閱讀短文時(shí)，常常會(huì)遇到一些生詞。這時(shí)，考生要沉著、冷靜，細(xì)心思考。首先要把整段、整篇文章看完。
通過(guò)對(duì)全篇短文的理解，就有可能猜測(cè)出生詞的大意。另外，還可以從含有生詞句子的上下文，以及句子和段落之間的關(guān)系來(lái)判斷、理解生詞以求獲得其真正含義。猜測(cè)生詞的另一種方法是，根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法推測(cè)。遇到生詞后，可從構(gòu)詞法角度分析判斷生詞。例如： inexpensive一詞，其中詞根expensive的含義是“貴的”。前綴in是“不”的意思，因此可以猜測(cè)此詞詞義為“不貴的，便宜的”?？傊略~題可以用到以下技巧（1）. 根據(jù)文中的解釋?zhuān)?）. 使用逗號(hào)、破折號(hào)和括號(hào)等（3）. 根據(jù)同位語(yǔ)或根據(jù)同等關(guān)系（4）. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)義的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系（5）. 根據(jù)因果關(guān)系（6）. 根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法知識(shí) （7）. 根據(jù)常識(shí)，上下文邏輯
四、 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。
細(xì)節(jié)理解題要求考生對(duì)閱讀材料中的某一具體事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行理解。它們大都是根據(jù)文章中的具體信息如事實(shí)、例證、原因、過(guò)程、論述等進(jìn)行提問(wèn)的。有些問(wèn)題可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些則需要我們?cè)诶斫獾幕A(chǔ)上將有關(guān)內(nèi)容系統(tǒng)化才能找到，比如計(jì)算、排序、是非判斷、圖形比較等。
做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)，不必通篇細(xì)看原文，而常?？刹扇　皫е鴨?wèn)題找答案”的方法.先從問(wèn)題中抓住關(guān)鍵性詞語(yǔ)。然后以此為線索。要快速地辨認(rèn)和記憶事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)，就要恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用略讀及查讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此問(wèn)題相關(guān)的段落、語(yǔ)句.仔細(xì)品味，對(duì)照比較.確定答案。
有的細(xì)節(jié)理解題只要直接辨認(rèn)不要求讀者對(duì)客觀的事實(shí)作出解釋或判斷，只要求從閱讀材料中直接獲取信息。同時(shí)還要求讀者記住重要細(xì)節(jié)，在必要的時(shí)候（做判斷、推斷或結(jié)論的時(shí)候）能夠準(zhǔn)確而迅速地將他們回憶起來(lái)。
考向一、應(yīng)用文
Passage 1
（2023·福建）
1. Which bk is abut lking fr Grandpa?
A. Laurence in Hpeland.B. Gavin Talks t Birds.
C. Life f Drthy.D. The Last f Drumfield.
2. Wh can talk t birds?
A. Laurence.B. Gavin.C. Drthy.D. Ella.
3. Drthy gets int truble after she ________.
A. meets a strangerB. lses her pet pigC. reads a scary stryD. laughs at her friend
4. The writer f Life f Drthy is ________.
A. Wiltn SmithB. Wayae AbelC. Nelsn ArthurD. Grgeus Mrgan
5. What d we knw abut Ella?
A. She is gd at magic.B. She helps save the birds’ wrld.
C. She lives in a fairytale wrld.D. She experiences an unusual trip.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. D
【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了本周書(shū)單的四本書(shū)。
1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“One day when he can’t find his grandpa wh has magic pwers, Laurence teams up with his uncle t find ut the truth.”可知， Laurence in Hpeland這本書(shū)關(guān)于尋找爺爺，故選A。
2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“When 10-year-ld Gavin jins a team f superheres, he finds he has an unusual ability: he can talk t birds.”可知，Gavin可以和鳥(niǎo)說(shuō)話，故選B。
3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“After meeting a stranger, Drthy finds herself in a place with deep mystery.”可知，在遇到一個(gè)陌生人后，Drthy發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在一個(gè)充滿(mǎn)神秘地方。故選A。
4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Life f Drthy — by Nelsn Arthur”可知，Life f Drthy這本書(shū)的作者是Nelsn Arthur，故選C。
5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“It’s abut Ella wh has gt a bk frm her aunt. When she is reading the bk with her gd friend, they drp int the bk and are taken t a fairytale (童話的) wrld.”可知，Ella從她姨媽那里得到了一本書(shū)，當(dāng)她和她的好朋友一起讀這本書(shū)時(shí)，她們掉進(jìn)了書(shū)里，被帶到一個(gè)童話世界。由此可知，經(jīng)歷了一次不尋常的旅行。故選D。
Passage 2
（2023·杭州）
1. Hw did Mari feel when she first shpped nline?
A. Disappinted.B. Excited.C. Wrried.D. Interested.
2. What was Try’s pinin n his nline shpping experience?
A. It wasted time.B. It saved mney.C. It harmed health.D. It prvided chices.
3. Wh des all the shpping nline?
A. Jake.B. Mari.C. Eric.D. Nancy.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】本文是五個(gè)人分享了自己的網(wǎng)購(gòu)經(jīng)歷以及對(duì)網(wǎng)購(gòu)的看法。
1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)“The first time I bught smething nline, I was a little nervus. I didn’t knw hw they were ging t ship it”可知，第一次網(wǎng)購(gòu)時(shí)感到一點(diǎn)擔(dān)心，故選C。
2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“S I had t g t the stre t change them. What a waste f time”可知，認(rèn)為浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，故選A。
3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“I buy all my things nline” “Nancy”可知，Nancy所有的東西都是網(wǎng)購(gòu)的，故選D。
Passage 3
（2023·江蘇蘇州）
1. What percent f peple in this survey like Science?
A. 17%.B. 18%.C. 25%.D. 26%
2. What d Kristin Singer and Richard Gldman have in cmmn?
A. They bth liked Histry.B. They did well in scial studies.
C. They bth enjyed travelling.D. They shwed interest in Math.
3. What des Tammy Bnd’s favrite subject say abut her?
A. She is highly curius and studies things carefully.
B. She is shy and quiet and finds beauty thrugh art.
C. She is strict and san tell what things will be like.
D. She is creative and lves t explre in her mind.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】本文是一篇對(duì)喜歡的科目的調(diào)查報(bào)告。
1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表中“Science 25%”可知，25%的人喜歡科學(xué)，故選C。
2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ still lve t read histry bks; travel when pssible; watch the Histry Channel...”和“A great teacher gt me thinking abut the rle that each f us plays in sciety and hw we can change the curse f histry.”可知，他們都喜歡歷史，故選A。
3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“English. It created a lve f bks and writing in me. Being able t write beautiful wrds fr thers t read is real magic. —Tammy Bnd”可知，Tammy Bnd最喜歡的科目是英語(yǔ)，又根據(jù)“English: Yu are creative and pen-minded. Yu lve t explre in yur wn mind.”可知，英語(yǔ)學(xué)科對(duì)她的評(píng)價(jià)是她富有創(chuàng)造力，喜歡在頭腦中探索，故選D 。
Passage 4
（2023·紹興）
JOIN A WILD JOURNEY!
Head t a museum near yu and find sme inspiratin!
JOIN in The Wild Escape and help create ne big digital (數(shù)字的) artwrk that’s all abut shwing hw much yu care fr the nature arund us.
This mnth, yu’re invited t take part in The Wild Escape, a new prject t inspire creativity arund wildlife fr pupils aged 7 t 11 years ld, t find an animal yu like in a lcal museum and create yur wn picture.
These pictures will then be upladed and shwn as part f a Wild Wrld ne big digital artwrk at the end f this mnth.
Hpe yu’ll cme and take actin t care fr nature.
Ready fr a jurney?
Here’s hw t take part:
◆Head alng t yur lcal museum and find ne f the many animals waiting fr yu there.
◆What d yu see? It culd be an animal cruching (蹲伏) in a painting r sitting in a pht! Whatever yu find, make sure yu have a gd, lng lk at it.
◆Create a picture that imagines yur animal cming t life and taking a wild jurney t a new wrld.
◆Nw, visit www. art fund. rg/firstnews t send yur picture t a huge digital artwrk.
1. We can learn frm the text that The Wild Escape ________.
A. expects pupils t care fr natureB. tries t find creative pupils aged 12
C. plans t start a new prject next mnthD. is ging t raise mney fr museums
2 T take part in The Wild Escape, yu have t ________.
A. study an animal in the wildB. take a drawing lessn
C. hand in yur picture nlineD. pay a visit t a lcal z
3. What is the text?
A. A diary.B. An advertisement.C. A news reprt.D. A bk review.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，是“狂野之旅”的廣告信息。
1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“JOIN in The Wild Escape and help create ne big digital (數(shù)字的) artwrk that’s all abut shwing hw much yu care fr the nature arund us.”可知，加入野外逃生，并幫助創(chuàng)建一個(gè)大的數(shù)字藝術(shù)作品，這一切都是關(guān)于展示你有多關(guān)心我們周?chē)淖匀?。所以“狂野之旅”希望學(xué)生們愛(ài)護(hù)自然，故選A。
2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ find an animal yu like in a lcal museum and create yur wn picture. These pictures will then be upladed and shwn as part f a Wild Wrld ne big digital artwrk at the end f this mnth.”可知，在當(dāng)?shù)氐牟┪镳^里找一個(gè)你喜歡的動(dòng)物，然后創(chuàng)作你自己的畫(huà)。這些照片將被上傳，并在本月底作為Wild Wrld的一個(gè)大型數(shù)字藝術(shù)作品的一部分展示。所以要參加“狂野之旅”，你必須在網(wǎng)上提交你的圖片，故選C。
4.推理判斷題。本文是“狂野之旅”的廣告信息，故選B。
Passage 5
（2023·深圳中學(xué)一模試題）
Spend yur hliday in a smart way with these apps!
1. Grammarly can d many things EXCEPT ________.
A. checking spelling mistakes fr yuB. fixing the mistake n its wn
C. finding gd synnyms fr yur wrdsD. checking punctuatin mistakes
2. What des the underlined wrd “thers” refer t?
A. ther appsB. ther musclesC. ther equipmentD. ther exercises
3. What makes Mathway better than ther calculatrs?
A. It can help slve harder math prblems.B. It can calculate at a faster speed.
C. It can explain steps fr slving math prblems.D. It can shw yu answers mre quickly.
4. Accrding t the last paragraph, which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. It is fun t have s many things t d.
B. A small red face means a task is imprtant.
C. Wat can help cmplete ur tasks in a fun way.
D. A small happy yellw face means a task is nt urgent.
5. What is the main idea f this passage?
A. Ways t spend yur hliday happily.B. Ways t have fun during yur hliday.
C. Apps t spend yur hliday smartly.D. Apps t help yu learn in a smart way.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C
【解析】本文主要介紹了一些讓你以智能的方式度過(guò)假期的應(yīng)用程序。
1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Grammarly is great fr checking spelling, grammar, punctuatin (標(biāo)點(diǎn)) and ther kinds f yu want t find sme gd synnyms (近義詞) fr yur wrds, Grammarly can als help.”可知ACD選項(xiàng)都正確，B選項(xiàng)文章沒(méi)有提及，故選B。
2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Fitbd can change t meet yur needs after each exercise. If sme f yur muscles (肌肉) are tired, the app will fcus n thers.”可知Fitbd可以在每次運(yùn)動(dòng)后根據(jù)你的需要進(jìn)行調(diào)整。如果你的某些肌肉疲勞了，應(yīng)用程序就會(huì)關(guān)注其他肌肉。所以thers指的是其他肌肉，故選B。
3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Even better, the app can explain each step fr slving math prblems. This way, yu can understand hw t slve a math prblem.”可知它可以解釋解決數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題的步驟使得Mathway比其他計(jì)算器更好，故選C。
4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“A small, happy yellw face means we can take ur time. ”可知一張小而快樂(lè)的黃色臉意味著我們可以慢慢來(lái)。故選D。
5.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Spend yur hliday in a smart way with these apps!”以及全文可知本文主要介紹了一些讓你以智能的方式度過(guò)假期的應(yīng)用程序。故選C。
Passage 6
（2023·深圳一模試題）
1. What are these ads fr?
A. Fd yu can rder fr delivery.B. Places t g n vacatin.
C. Things n sale in a big stre.D. Special ffers at a shpping center.
2. Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the ads?
A. Spending $50 means 3 hurs f free parking.
B. One persn can buy 5 tickets fr the price f three.
C. At Mike’s Café, peple can get a free drink after spending $6.
D. After buying tw CDs, yu can get anther tw CDs fr free.
3. Which f the fllwing is NOT mentined at this mall?
A. Clthes stre.B. Bk stre.C. Music stre.D. Ty stre.
4. When des the bk discunt ffer end?
A. Nvember 14.B. Nvember 21.C. December 1.D. December 21.
5. We can knw frm this passage ________.
A. there is mre than ne theater in the center.
B. if yu buy a bk there, yu may pay less than half the price.
C. yu may get a free ne if yu buy a shirt, r a tie, r a pair f shes.
D. yu wn’t get a free sft drink unless yu spend mre than 10 dllars n the meal.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. A
【解析】這篇短文是幾篇優(yōu)惠廣告。每一篇小短文都有一個(gè)標(biāo)題，我們可以從標(biāo)題中知道這一篇的主要內(nèi)容，如六小時(shí)免費(fèi)停車(chē)、買(mǎi)一送一、降價(jià)10%、半價(jià)電影票等。
1.D主旨大意題。瀏覽每一個(gè)廣告的小標(biāo)題，如六小時(shí)免費(fèi)停車(chē)、買(mǎi)一送一、降價(jià)10%、半價(jià)電影票等，我們可以知道這是一些商家打的促銷(xiāo)廣告。故選D。
2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一個(gè)廣告Buy any meal fr at least $6 at Mike’s Café, and receive a free sft drink可知，在Mike’s咖啡館，花費(fèi)6美元就可以得到一杯免費(fèi)的飲料。故C是正確的。根據(jù)第一個(gè)廣告可知，花費(fèi)100美元，就可以免費(fèi)停車(chē)6小時(shí)，但是沒(méi)有說(shuō)花50美元就可以免費(fèi)停車(chē)3小時(shí)；根據(jù)第五個(gè)廣告可知，買(mǎi)一張電影票后，就可以半價(jià)買(mǎi)第二張電影票；根據(jù)第二個(gè)廣告可知買(mǎi)兩張CD就可以參加競(jìng)賽。故A、B、D均不對(duì)。
3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章可知這些廣告中涉及了衣服店、書(shū)店和賣(mài)CD商店，但是沒(méi)有提到玩具店，故選D。
4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中第四個(gè)廣告中Offer here until Nvember 14.可知，這個(gè)優(yōu)惠是到11月14日，故選A。
5.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的第五個(gè)廣告The latest mvies are here, being shwn in ne f ur five theaters at Bayfield Shpping Center.可知，這個(gè)電影院只是這個(gè)購(gòu)物中心5個(gè)電影院中的一個(gè)。故選A。根據(jù)第四個(gè)廣告可知，買(mǎi)書(shū)可以?xún)?yōu)惠10%，而不是半價(jià)還少，故B不對(duì)；根據(jù)第三個(gè)廣告可知是買(mǎi)襯衫或領(lǐng)帶可以再免費(fèi)得到一個(gè)襯衫或領(lǐng)帶，沒(méi)有提到鞋；根據(jù)最后一個(gè)廣告可知，花費(fèi)6美元就可以得到一杯飲料，而不是10美元。
Passage 7
（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州）
China has made great achievements in bidiversity prtectin. Building a natinal park system is ne f the greatest jbs that China has dne s far. In Octber 2021, China’s first five natinal parks were designated (認(rèn)定). They are hme t nearly 30% f the earth’s key wildlife species (物種) fund in China, cvering a prtected land area f 230,000 square kilmeters. This table will infrm yu f the first five natinal parks—China’s treasures in nature.
31. What des the passage mainly tell us?
A. When China’s first five natinal parks were discvered.
B. Sme general infrmatin f China’s first five natinal park!
C. What challenges China’s first five natinal parks are facing.
D. Sme actins t prtect the wildlife species in these parks.
32. Accrding t the passage, which park has the mst types f landscapes?
A. Wuyishan Natinal Park. B. Giant Panda Natinal Park.
C. Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park. D. Nrtheast China Tiger and Lepard Natinal Park.
33. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is TRUE abut the prgress f the parks?
A. B.
C. D.
【答案】31. B 32. C 33. A
【解析】本文是介紹中國(guó)首批五大國(guó)家公園的一些信息情況。
31.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“This table will infrm yu f the first five natinal parks—China’s treasures in nature.”以及整個(gè)文章的理解可知，主要是介紹中國(guó)首批五大國(guó)家公園的一些基本信息，故選B。
32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park”中的信息“Landscapes: Glaciers, snw-capped muntains, high-altitude wetlands, deserts, alpine grasslands”可知，三江源國(guó)家公園有最多種類(lèi)的地形，故選C。
33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Nrtheast China Tiger and Lepard Natinal Park”中的信息“Prgress: Increasing ppulatin f prtected animal species frm the year f 2015 t 2022 — Siberian tigers: 27→50; Amur lepards: 42→60”可知，從2015年到2022年，保護(hù)動(dòng)物種群數(shù)量不斷增加——東北虎：27→50；東北豹：42→60，故選A。
Passage 8
（2023·山東濱州）
Children’s games in ancient China
During ancient times, children didn’t have smart phne, iPad r cmputer t entertain them. Instead, they came up with interesting games t play in their childhd. Let’s take a lk.
26. Hw can hide-and-seek be played?
A. One plays and thers watch.
B. One must cry and thers laugh.
C One tries t find and thers hide.
D. One runs and thers try t catch.
27. In ancient China, the earliest kites were made f ________.
A. paperB. metalC. plasticD. wd
28. The game that’s like watching a film is ________.
A. kicking atne ballsB. flying kites
C. watching shadw playsD. playing hide-and-seek
29. Accrding t the passage, the game f kicking a stne ball was ________.
A. ften played in winterB. ppular in Suth China
C. invented in BeijingD. played t keep cl
30. Frm the passage we can learn that ________.
A. Tianjin is famus fr the bird-shaped kite with lng wings
B. the puppets culd mve like peple with the artists’ cntrlling
C. kicking a stne ball was a ppular game befre the Qing Dynasty
D. all the children must cver their eyes while playing hide-and-seek
【答案】26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B
【解析】本文主要介紹了中國(guó)古代的兒童游戲。
26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“thers hide and ne child must try t find them”可知玩捉迷藏時(shí)，其他人躲起來(lái)，一個(gè)人找。故選C。
27.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The earliest kites weren’t made f paper. They were made f wd instead”可知最早的風(fēng)箏是木頭做的。故選D。
28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Watching shadw mst similar thing t watching a film”可知看皮影戲和看電影相似。故選C。
29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“kicking a stne ball arund was a ppular sprt in the nrthern part f China, and it was ften played in the winter”可知踢石頭經(jīng)常在冬天進(jìn)行。故選A。
30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The artists cntrlled puppets (木偶) behind the screen t make the puppets mve like peple and tell stries”可知藝術(shù)家們控制著屏幕后面的木偶，讓木偶像人一樣移動(dòng)并講述故事。故選B。
Passage 9
（2023·湖北宜昌）
Cme and buy bks at ur great sale! Here is the infrmatin abut sme new bks. Yu will get 50% ff if yu buy three r mre bks tgether.
Chinese Clthing(￥50)
It’s written by Hua Mei, a prfessr f a university. It’s abut typical Chinese clthing styles in different histrical perids. Frm the bk, readers can knw traditinal Chinese custms have made a big difference in clthing culture.
A Little Bit f Beijing (￥60)
The writers are Li Han and Hu Yan. The bk is abut the beautiful buildings in Beijing. It’s a great gift fr kids wh lve picture bks with clrful huses, cars and flwers.
The Brightest frm the Best(￥40)
The writers are Hng and Zhang Xialng. The bk tells us sme stries abut chices and grwth. It recrds the real lives f eleven yung peple. They graduated frm tp universities and went t serve the peple in the pr areas in China.
Stries f China(￥30)
It’s written in bth English and Chinese. All the writers are frm China and UK. The flk stries in this bk help readers understand Chinese histry and culture better.
26. Wh wrte Chinese Clthing accrding t the passage?
A. Hua Mei.B. Hu Yan.C. Li Han.D. Wang Hng.
27. Which bk is the best gift fr kids wh like clrful pictures?
A. Stries f China.B. Chinese Clthing.
C. A Little Bit f Beijing.D. The Brightest frm the Best.
28. What is The Brightest frm the Best abut?
A. The histry f clthes.B. The flk stries f China.
C. The beauty f Beijing.D. The real stries f yung peple.
29. Hw much will yu pay if yu buy these fur bks tgether?
A. 70 yuan.B. 90 yuan.C. 140 yuan.D. 180 yuan.
30. What d yu knw frm the passage?
A. An intrductin t sme bks.B. A list f several bkstres.
C. An interview with freign readers.D. A reprt n famus writers.
【答案】26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A
【解析】本文介紹了書(shū)店促銷(xiāo)的四本書(shū)。
26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Chinese Clthing(￥50) It’s written by Hua Mei, a prfessr f a university.”可知《中國(guó)服飾》這本書(shū)是華梅寫(xiě)的。故選A。
27.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ It’s a great gift fr kids wh lve picture bks with clrful huses, cars and flwers.”可知《北京一角》這本書(shū)適合喜歡圖畫(huà)的孩子們。故選C。
28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The bk tells us sme stries abut chices and grwth. It recrds the real lives f eleven yung peple.”可知The Brightest frm the Best這本書(shū)介紹了年輕人的真實(shí)故事，記錄了選擇和成長(zhǎng)的故事。故選D。
29.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Chinese Clthing(￥50)”、“A Little Bit f Beijing (￥60)”、“The Brightest frm the Best(￥40)”和“Stries f China(￥30)”可知這四本書(shū)一共180元，根據(jù)“Yu will get 50% ff if yu buy three r mre bks tgether.”可知買(mǎi)三本以上半價(jià)，也就是90元。故選B。
30.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Here is the infrmatin abut sme new bks.”可知本文主要是一些書(shū)的介紹。故選A。
Passage 10
(2023-24·江蘇常州期末考)
Here are sme children’s bks. They are als very ppular with parents because it’s a gd chice t read these bks t their children while parenting them.
1. What des the underlined wrd “tear” mean?
A. breakB. clseC. penD. lse
2. Which bk will make children feel surprised when they cme t the end f the bk?
A. Gdnight MnB. Baby Tuch and Feel: Animals
C. Peek-a Wh?D. The Wnderful Things Yu Will Be
3. What d the fur bks have in cmmn?
A. Their writers are all children.B. They all have rhyming pems.
C. Their characters are all animals.D. They all have attractive pictures.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】本文主要介紹了四本受歡迎的兒童書(shū)。
1.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Its cver can still remain strng even after being thrwn away, and its thick and strng bard pages wn’t tear.”可知，此處指這本書(shū)的封面即使被扔掉也能保持堅(jiān)固，而且它厚而堅(jiān)固的板頁(yè)不會(huì)壞掉。因此“tear”與“break”同義。故選A。
2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Peek-a Wh?…Wndering what’s hiding n the next page and lking thrugh thse bright pictures will keep kids guessing and smiling all the way t the unexpected endings.”可知，Peek-a Wh?這本書(shū)當(dāng)孩子們讀到結(jié)尾時(shí)會(huì)感到驚訝。故選C。
3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Because f the nice petry f the wrds and the gentle pictures, this bk is lved by a great number f readers.”、“It is filled with real-life animal pictures having tuch-and-feel textures (質(zhì)地) that can develp kids’ knwledge while increasing their use f senses.”、“Wndering what’s hiding n the next page and lking thrugh thse bright pictures will keep kids guessing and smiling all the way t the unexpected endings.”及“With beautiful pictures, this is a bk that grwn-ups will lve reading ver and ver t kids t shw their lve.”可知四本書(shū)都有著吸引人的照片。故選D。
考向二、記敘文
Passage 1
（2023-24·江蘇揚(yáng)州期末考）
The Hug (雨果) Awards, the wrld’s tp science fictin awards, were annunced n the night f Oct 21, 2023. Chinese writer Hai Ya’s bk The Space-Time Painter wn the Hug Award fr Best Nvelette. He became the third Chinese writer t win a Hug award after Liu Cixin in 2015 and Ha Jingfang in 2016.
When creating The Space-Time Painter, Hai Ya drew his idea frm a famus painting by Wang Ximeng frm the Sng Dynasty (960-1279). Based n Wang, Hai Ya created a painter named Zha Ximeng. After many hard times, Zha’s mind leaves his bdy and enters a space where a mdern pliceman is trying t slve a case abut an ancient painting.
Hai Ya’s stry with science fictin began in his childhd. “When I was a child, the bkstre in my hmetwn helped create a beautiful garden in my mind that belnged t me nly. In it, science fictin ffered the mst beautiful ‘flwers’. Science fictin pened up a new wrld t him as a kid,” said Hai Ya.
Hai Ya’s wrks are a mix f histry and science fictin. These tw styles seem ppsite. One lks back at the past, and the ther faces the future. Hwever, in Hai Ya’s wrks, they find a perfect balance.
“If we can nly imagine the future and things in space like rckets, it will nly limit ur imaginatin. I dn’t think histry is smething cmpletely in the past. It is flwing, and we can lk frward t the future by lking back at histry. Histry is als part f ur future,” Hai Ya said.
Science fictin lvers in China feel inspired (激發(fā)) by Hai Ya. Mre Chinese writers tday are trying t mix traditinal culture with mdern stries. Hai Ya believes that it is nt a chice but a natural prcess (過(guò)程). “Our histry and culture have universal values (普世價(jià)值) that can tuch everyne,” he said.
47. What d we knw abut The Space-Time Painter?
A. It tells Wang Ximeng’s life stry.B. It is inspired by an ancient painting.
C. Its stry is based n the faraway future.D. It is a nvel abut the Sng Dynasty.
48. Hw did science fictin influence Hai Ya as a child?
A. It ffered him traditinal ways t write nvels.B. It taught him a lt abut planting flwers.
C. It intrduced him t a different wrld.D. It helped him mix the East with the West.
49. What des Hai Ya believe abut the relatinship between histry and the future?
A. Histry is ppsite t the future.
B. Histry can help us lk frward t ur future.
C. Histry ffers us everything t shape ur future.
D. Histry and the future are separate frm each ther.
50. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Chinese traditinal culture is inspired by Hai Ya.
B. Mixing traditinal and mdern culture is a chice.
C. Chinese writers are trying t limit their science fictin wrks.
D. A new frce f science fictin has risen t spread Chinese culture.
【答案】47. B 48. C 49. B 50. D
【解析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了中國(guó)科幻作家海漄的小說(shuō)《時(shí)空畫(huà)師》獲2023雨果獎(jiǎng)“最佳短中篇小說(shuō)”，主要介紹了作家創(chuàng)作《時(shí)空畫(huà)師》的歷程和小說(shuō)的內(nèi)容及其特點(diǎn)。該小說(shuō)采用了推理小說(shuō)的寫(xiě)法，將中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化、歷史、推理與科幻相結(jié)合，追溯了一幅虛構(gòu)的畫(huà)作創(chuàng)作以及“當(dāng)時(shí)”的朝野權(quán)力斗爭(zhēng)故事。
47.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“When creating The Space-Time Painter, Hai Ya drew his idea frm a famus painting by Wang Ximeng frm the Sng Dynasty (960-1279).”可知，在創(chuàng)作《時(shí)空畫(huà)師》時(shí)，海漄從宋朝王希孟的一幅名畫(huà)中汲取了靈感。故選B。
48.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Hai Ya’s stry with science fictin began in his childhd…Science fictin pened up a new wrld t him as a kid,’ said Hai Ya.”可知，海漄與科幻小說(shuō)的故事始于他的童年，科幻小說(shuō)為他打開(kāi)了一個(gè)新世界。故選C。
49.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“I dn’t think histry is smething cmpletely in the past. It is flwing, and we can lk frward t the future by lking back at histry. Histry is als part f ur future”可知，海漄不認(rèn)為歷史完全是過(guò)去的事情，人們可以通過(guò)回顧歷史來(lái)展望未來(lái)，歷史也是未來(lái)的一部分。故選B。
50.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Mre Chinese writers tday are trying t mix traditinal culture with mdern stries. Hai Ya believes that it is nt a chice but a natural prcess. ‘Our histry and culture have universal values that can tuch everyne,’ he said.”可知，越來(lái)越多的中國(guó)作家試圖將傳統(tǒng)文化與現(xiàn)代故事結(jié)合起來(lái)，這是一種自然過(guò)程，據(jù)此可以推斷將會(huì)有更多類(lèi)似的科幻力量崛起，創(chuàng)作出大量的具有歷史文化和現(xiàn)代科幻的作品，從而傳播、弘揚(yáng)中國(guó)文化。故選D。
Passage 2
（2023-24·廣州番禺區(qū)統(tǒng)考）
Su Shi, als knwn as Su Dngp, was an utstanding Chinese pet（政治家）, wh lived during the Sng Dynasty frm 1037 t 1101.
Su Shi was brn int a well﹣knwn family in Meishan, Sichuan prvince. His father and brther were bth great pets. Su Shi shwed great talent frm a yung age and was knwn fr his skills in handwriting and painting. At the age f 20, Su Shi successfully passed the imperial（科舉）, Su held a number f different gvernment psitins acrss China. Hwever, his different pinins ften gt him int truble because f disagreements at ur three times. In 1079, Su Shi was even sent t prisn. Althugh he gt ut f prisn at last, Su Shi’s literary talent cntinued t shine, and he prduced exile, ”Red Cliff”, a great number f petic wrks during his lifetime. In 1080, he fund peace in nature and prduced sme f his best wrks. The famus pem, “Red Cliff”, as he was als a great prse writer. His article “On the Lve f the Ltus”shws his lve fr the beauty f the flwer. In additin, his cllectin f shrt stries, shws his humur and wisdm.
It was nt nly in the literary field that Su Shi was highly praised. As an fficial, he wn the lve and supprt f the peple. During his services, he did a lt fr the peple. In 1077, he prtected the city frm a terrible fld. The peple in Xuzhu were thankful t him and gave him sme fd as presents.
Althugh Su Shi’s life was filled with bth achievements and trubles, he is remembered as ne f the greatest peple in Chinese histry, and his creative genius and strng spirit cntinue t influence and guide peple arund China.
30. In what rder did the fllwing happen in Su Shi’s life?
a. He began his fficial career.
b. He prtected Xuzhu frm a fld.
c. He created “Red Cliff”.
d. He was sent in prisn.
e. He shwed great talent in painting.
A. e﹣a﹣c﹣b﹣dB. e﹣a﹣b﹣d﹣cC. a﹣b﹣e﹣c﹣dD. a﹣c﹣e﹣b﹣d
31. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. Sushi’s fficial career.
B. Sushi’s early life experience.
C. Sushi’s achievements in literary field.
D. Sushi’s mst imprtant literary wrks.
32. Why culd Su Shi win the supprt frm peple?
A. He lked n the bright side and created many wrks.
B. He was gd at writing humrus and wise shrt stries.
C. He cared abut the peple and helped them slve prblems.
D. He was sent t prisn and under strict cntrl fr a lng time.
33. What des the writer think f Su Shi?
A. He encurages a lt f peple.
B. He has changed Chinese histry.
C. He is the greatest pet in China.
D. He lived a happy and successful life.
【答案】30. B 31. A 32. C 33. A
【解析】本文是記敘文。講述了著名詩(shī)人蘇軾的才華和人生際遇。
30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Su Shi shwed great talent frm a yung age and was knwn fr his skills in handwriting and painting.”可知蘇軾很早就展現(xiàn)了繪畫(huà)和書(shū)法方面的才華?！癆t the age f 20, Su Shi successfully passed the imperial”可知，20歲通過(guò)科舉考試。第二段 “In 1079, Su Shi was even sent t prisn.”可知1079年入獄，“In 1080, he fund peace in nature and prduced sme f his best wrks. The famus pem, was ne f them. （1080年，在流亡期間創(chuàng)作了一些最好的作品。）”以及第三段“In 1077, he prtected the city frm a terrible fld.”可知1077年他幫助人民抗洪。正確順序?yàn)閑﹣a﹣b﹣d﹣c。故選B。
31.段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段“It was nt nly in the literary field that Su Shi was highly praised. As an fficial, he wn the lve and supprt f the peple.” 可知，他在文學(xué)上有成就，而且在做官的時(shí)候也受到百姓愛(ài)戴，故本段內(nèi)容講述他的仕途。故選A。
32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“During his services, he did a lt fr the peple. In 1077, he prtected the city frm a terrible fld. ”可知1077年，他保護(hù)了這座城市免受一場(chǎng)可怕的洪水，是因?yàn)樗P(guān)心人民。故選C。
33.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“his creative genius and strng spirit cntinue t influence and guide peple arund China.”可知，作者認(rèn)為他的才干和堅(jiān)強(qiáng)精神繼續(xù)影響和指導(dǎo)著中國(guó)各地的人們，作者認(rèn)為他鼓勵(lì)了很多人。故選A。
Passage 9
（2024·深圳一模）
Christina wanted t lead the way back t camp and went n talking cheerfully, asking different kinds f questins abut plants and wildlife.
As we walked abut halfway dwn the hillside, she fell ver a stne. I jgged up t where she tripped. Suddenly, I saw a lin abut ten feet up n a huge rck watching me. It was making a lng deep angry sund.
I std perfectly still, hlding my breath, wndering what t d. Christina was crying dwn belw. I culdn’t shut t her t be quiet, r the lin might attack me.
Then, remembering Dad’s wrds, I slwly drpped my backpack and tk ff my T-shirt. With the pack n ne arm and the T-shirt n the ther, I spread my arms, trying t lk as wide and big as I culd. Carefully I mved away dwn the hillside tward Christina, keeping my eyes n the lin.
“Christina,” I called. “Stp crying. Get up slwly and catch my belt. We’re ging dwn the hill. There’s a lin at the tp.”
We mved quietly and slwly dwn the hill. Once back t the frest, with the lin ut f view, I remved the sweat (汗水) frm my face with my T-shirt befre putting it n, and lked at Christina. Hatless, red eyes, a few small cuts but nthing majr.
I pulled ut the map. The campgrund was n the ther side f the hill. We had hiked fr miles befre we finally made ur way back t ur site.
Dad saw me first.
“Where have yu been?” he shuted.
“We were s wrried,” Mther cried.
“Mmmy, yu didn’t have t wrry. Sean is real smart.” Christina said.
I caught Dad’s eye. He smiled. At that mment I realized I was a big brther.
16. Hw did Christina feel befre she fell ver a stne?
A. Happy.B. Prud.C. Nervus.D. Wrried.
17. What did Sean d when he first saw the lin?
A. He started crying.B. He picked up a huge rck.
C. He remained still.D. He jgged up t his sister.
18. Why did Sean try t lk wide and big?
A. T keep balance.B. T scare the lin.
C. T shw cnfidence.D. T prepare t fight.
19. What can we infer (推斷) frm Paragraph 6?
A. Sean didn’t care abut Christina at all.B. Sean didn’t relax until he reached the frest.
C. Christina gt badly hurt n the way back.D. Christina cmfrted Sean by cleaning his face.
20. What is the best title f this passage?
A. Father’s Smiling EyesB. A Terrible Muntain Lin
C. The Way t Becming a Big BrtherD. Christina’s Exciting Wild Adventure
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. B 19. B 20. C
【解析】本文講述了遇到獅子時(shí)，聰明的哥哥保護(hù)妹妹Christina安全撤離。
16.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Christina wanted t lead the way back t camp and went n talking cheerfully, asking different kinds f questins abut plants and wildlife.”可知妹妹摔倒之前愉快地交談，因此她是很開(kāi)心的，故選A。
17.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“I std perfectly still, hlding my breath”可知是一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地站著，屏住呼吸，故選C。
18.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“With the pack n ne arm and the T-shirt n the ther, I spread my arms, trying t lk as wide and big as I culd.”可知是讓自己看起來(lái)更強(qiáng)壯，以此來(lái)嚇住獅子，故選B。
19.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Once back t the frest, with the lin ut f view, I remved the sweat (汗水) frm my face with my T-shirt befre putting it n, and lked at Christina. Hatless, red eyes, a few small cuts but nthing majr.”可知直到Sean回到森林才放松下來(lái)，檢查妹妹的情況。故選B。
20.最佳標(biāo)題。根據(jù)“At that mment I realized I was a big brther.”以及結(jié)合全文，可知本文講述了遇到獅子時(shí)，聰明勇敢的哥哥保護(hù)妹妹Christina安全撤離。因此最佳標(biāo)題是“The Way t Becming a Big Brther”，故選C。
Passage 4
（2023·湖北武漢）
Bert wn a natinal prize called Yung Heres fr his “green” prject. This public-spirited yung persn was nw a university student. His lve fr insects grew deeper and he was prtecting them fr the future.
_________. When he was arund 4 r 5, he always lved t watch different insects, especially beautiful swallwtails(鳳蝶). One interesting fact he learned abut swallwtails was that their bright clrs warned hungry animals that they tasted bad. And it was als fun t watch hw they came int being. But the reasn he really fell in lve with them was that they were very accessible. Fr example, if yu wanted t attract (吸引) swallwtails, yu planted sme zinnias, a kind f bright flwers.
Bert started a zinnia garden at his huse, where he raised a large number f swallwtails ver the years. With the wrld’s swallwtail ppulatin falling, Bert wanted peple t realize that if insects like swallwtails disappeared, s wuld all the thers abve them n the fd chain. T make the fact clear and easy t understand fr ther students, he als created a zinnia garden at his junir high schl.
Part f the jy fr Bert was watching the yunger students get excited when running after swallwtails. “Whenever a swallwtail lands n them, the yung students will sn fall in lve with these cute insects. They develp a new appreciatin fr them,” he said.
Bert put his effrts int the envirnmental educatinal prject and made it take flight.
1. After Bert was hnred with Yung Heres, _________.
A. he ften gave speeches in public
B. he set up his “green” prject
C. he became interested in swallwtails
D. he went n prtecting insects
2. Which f the fllwing can be put in _________?
A. Bert saved many swallwtails
B. Bert had a dull childhd
C. Bert fund his lve early in life
D. Bert made a hard decisin
3. The underlined wrd “accessible” in paragraph 2 means “_________”.
A. dangerus t feedB. easy t get clse t
C. hard t raiseD. safe t reach
4. The main reasn fr Bert t create a zinnia garden at schl was _________.
A. t watch students have fun
B t make his schl mre beautiful
C. t stp swallwtails frm disappearing
D. t help kids learn abut swallwtails
5. What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. A Bright FlwerB. A Flying PrjectC. A Green GardenD. A Warning Actin
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B
【解析】本文主要講述了因?yàn)椤熬G色”項(xiàng)目而獲得“青年英雄”獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的男孩Bert熱愛(ài)昆蟲(chóng)并保護(hù)它們的故事。
1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Bert wn a natinal prize called Yung Heres fr his ‘green’ prject…His lve fr insects grew deeper and he was prtecting them fr the future”可知，獲獎(jiǎng)之后繼續(xù)保護(hù)昆蟲(chóng)，故選D。
2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“When he was arund 4 r 5, he always lved t watch different insects”可知，此處應(yīng)介紹他從什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始喜歡觀察昆蟲(chóng)，C選項(xiàng)符合，故選C。
3.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“But the reasn he really fell in lve with them was that they were very accessible”及“Fr example, if yu wanted t attract (吸引) swallwtails, yu planted sme zinnias, a kind f bright flwers”可知，如果你想吸引鳳蝶，你就種一些百日菊，也就是鳳蝶很容易接近，所以劃線單詞與easy t get clse t同義，故選B。
4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“T make the fact clear and easy t understand fr ther students, he als created a zinnia garden at his junir high schl”可知，是為了幫助孩子了解鳳蝶，故選D。
5.最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)“Bert put his effrts int the envirnmental educatinal prject and made it take flight.”及全文介紹可知，本文主要講述了Bert熱愛(ài)昆蟲(chóng)并保護(hù)它們的故事，所以B選項(xiàng)“A Flying Prject”符合本文標(biāo)題，故選B。
Passage 5
（2023·河南）
Plunk! I drpped anther pecan (山核桃) int my basket. Then a gentle autumn wind blew sme mre ff the tree. I ran t pick them up. Whew! Pecan picking was hard. My basket was nly half full.
I was visiting my grandpa’s farm in Kansas, and Grandpa sent me int the wds t pick up pecans fr us t enjy later. I wasn’t abut t let him dwn.
Then smething caught my eye: a squirrel picked up a pecan, climbed up a tree and disappeared int a large hle. A mment later, the squirrel climbed dwn t the grund t pick anther pecan. Once again, he tk the pecan back t his secret hiding place inside the hllw (洞) f the tree.
Nt s secret anymre, I thught. I ran ver t the tree and fund the hllw was filled with sweet pecans. They were right there fr the taking. This was my chance. Handful by handful, I tk all the pecans frm the hllw. Nw the basket was full!
I was s prud f myself. I culdn’t wait t shw Grandpa all f the pecans I’d cllected.
“Lk, Grandpa,” I shuted, “l(fā)k at all f the pecans I fund!”
Grandpa tk a lk at my basket. “Well, well, hw did yu find s many, Jimmy?” I tld him hw I’d fllwed the squirrel and taken the pecans frm his hiding place. Grandpa cngratulated me n finding ut smething abut the squirrel’s habits. Then he did smething that surprised me. He handed the basket back t me and put his arm gently arund my shulders.
“That squirrel wrked very hard t cllect his winter fd” he said. “Nw that all f his pecans are gne, dn’t yu think that little squirrel will be very hungry when it gets cld?”
“I didn’t think abut that,” I said.
“I knw,” Grandpa said. “But a gd man shuld never take advantage f smene else’s hard wrk, even the squirrel’s.”
Suddenly I felt as hllw as that ld tree. The image (形象) f that hungry squirrel wuldn’t leave my mind. There was nly ne thing I culd d.
…
6. Why did the writer g t the wds at the beginning f the stry?
A. T pick up pecans.B. T catch little animals.
C. T feed the squirrels.D. T lk fr his grandpa.
7. The writer was prud f himself because ________.
A. he was praised by his grandpa
B. he fund ut his grandpa’s secret
C. he helped the squirrel in the hllw
D. he filled his basket with s many pecans
8. Which f the fllwing can best describe Grandpa?
A. Kind and wise.B. Caring and humrus.
C. Shy and friendly.D. Patient and hard-wrking.
9. What is the pssible ending t the stry?
A. The writer sent the pecans t his neighbrs.
B. The writer put all the pecans back int the hle.
C. The writer hid the pecans in his grandpa’s huse.
D. The writer enjyed all the pecans with his family.
10. What is the best title fr the text?
A. An unusual treeB. The stlen pecans
C. A smart squirrelD. The magic basket
【答案】6. A 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. B
【解析】本文講述了作者把松鼠樹(shù)洞里的山核桃據(jù)為己有，帶回家給爺爺看，爺爺告訴他：一個(gè)好人不應(yīng)該竊取別人的勞動(dòng)成果。
6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Grandpa sent me int the wds t pick up pecans”可知，作者去樹(shù)林里摘山核桃。故選A。
7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Nw the basket was full! I was s prud f myself. I culdn’t wait t shw Grandpa all f the pecans I’d cllected.”可知，作者自豪是因?yàn)樗诨@子里裝滿(mǎn)了山核桃。故選D。
8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“He handed the basket back t me and put his arm gently arund my shulders.”和爺爺說(shuō)的話“Nw that all f his pecans are gne, dn’t yu think that little squirrel will be very hungry when it gets cld?”，“But a gd man shuld never take advantage f smene else’s hard wrk, even the squirrel’s.”可知，爺爺沒(méi)有責(zé)備作者，而是耐心地告訴他不應(yīng)該竊取別人的勞動(dòng)成果，拿走松鼠的食物，冬天它會(huì)挨餓。由此可知，爺爺是善良并且有智慧的。故選A。
9.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Suddenly I felt as hllw as that ld tree. The image (形象) f that hungry squirrel wuldn’t leave my mind. There was nly ne thing I culd d.”可知，作者明白了自己做的事情會(huì)傷害那只松鼠，所以他接下來(lái)會(huì)把山核桃送回松鼠的樹(shù)洞中。故選B。
10.最佳標(biāo)題題。文章通過(guò)講述作者拿走松鼠山核桃的故事告訴我們：一個(gè)好人不應(yīng)該竊取別人的勞動(dòng)成果。B項(xiàng)“偷來(lái)的山核桃”適合做標(biāo)題。故選B。
Passage 6
（2023·蘇州）
It was my first day at schl. It was als Miss Carline’s first day t be a teacher.
Miss Carline began the day by reading us a stry abut cats Then she started t teach us the alphabet (字母表).
When Miss Carline discvered that I was literate (有讀寫(xiě)能力的), she said, “Tell yur father nt t teach yu any mre. It’s best t begin reading and writing with a fresh mind.”
After supper that night, Atticus sat dwn with the paper and called, “Scut, ready t read?”
I tld Atticus I didn’t feel very well and didn’t think I’d g t schl any mre if it was all right with him.
“Yu never went t schl and yu d all right, s I’ll just stay hme t. Yu can teach me like Grandaddy taught yu.”
“N, I can’t,” said Atticus. “I have t make a living. Besides, they’d put me in prisn if I kept yu at hme. Nw what’s the matter?”
I tld him what happened at schl. “Miss Carline said yu taught me all wrng, s we can’t ever read any mre. Please dn’t send me back, please sir.”
“First f all,” he said, “if yu can learn a simple trick, Scut, yu’ll get alng a lt better with all kinds f peple. Yu never really understand a persn until yu cnsider things frm his pint f view—”
“Sir?”
“—until yu climb int his skin and walk arund in it.”
Atticus cntinued, “Yu learned many things tday. Miss Carline learned several things herself. We culd nt expect her t learn all ur ways in ne day, and we shuld understand her when she knew n better.”
“But if I keep n ging t schl, we can’t ever read any mre…”
“That’s really wrrying yu, isn’t it?”
“Yes, sir.”
When Atticus lked at me, I saw the lk n his face that always made me expect smething. “D yu knw what a cmprmise (妥協(xié)) is?” he asked.
“Breaking the law?”
“N, an agreement. It wrks this way,” he said. “If yu prmise me t g t schl, we’ll g n reading every night as usual. Is it OK?”
“Yes sir!”
1. What happened t Scut n her first day at schl?
A. She was nt able t read the alphabet.
B. She lst interest in reading and writing.
C. She culdn’t fllw Miss Carline in class.
D. She was asked t stp learning frm Atticus.
2. What des the underlined part in Paragraph 11 mean?
A. T play a small trick n him.B. T walk hand in hand with him.
C. T tell him abut yur thughts.D. T think frm his pint f view.
3. What did Scut agree t d twards the end f the stry?
A. G t schl.B. Stay at hme.
C. Teach herself.D. Make a living.
4. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. Scut didn’t trust Atticus.B. Scut didn’t like reading.
C. Atticus was a wise father.D. Atticus was mad at Scut.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A 4. C
【解析】本文主要講述了Scut被老師發(fā)現(xiàn)有讀寫(xiě)能力，于是老師要求Scut停止向父親Atticus學(xué)習(xí)，Scut回家后把這件事告訴了父親，她也很擔(dān)心再也不能讀書(shū)了，在父親的開(kāi)導(dǎo)下，最后同意去上學(xué)的故事。
1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tell yur father nt t teach yu any mre. It’s best t begin reading and writing with a fresh mind”可知Scut被老師要求停止向Atticus學(xué)習(xí)。故選D。
2.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Yu never really understand a persn until yu cnsider things frm his pint f view”（除非你從一個(gè)人的角度考慮問(wèn)題，否則你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)真正了解他）可知此處是指Atticus讓Scut從一個(gè)人的角度去思考。故選D。
3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“But if I keep n ging t schl, we can’t ever read any mre”（但是如果我繼續(xù)上學(xué)，我們就不能再讀書(shū)了）以及“If yu prmise me t g t schl, we’ll g n reading every night as usual. Is it OK?”（如果你答應(yīng)我去上學(xué)，我們就像往常一樣每天晚上繼續(xù)讀書(shū)?？梢詥幔浚┛芍猄cut在故事的結(jié)尾同意去上學(xué)，故選A。
4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文可知，本文主要講述了Scut被老師發(fā)現(xiàn)有讀寫(xiě)能力，于是老師要求Scut停止向父親Atticus學(xué)習(xí)，Scut回家后把這件事告訴了父親，她也很擔(dān)心再也不能讀書(shū)了，在父親的開(kāi)導(dǎo)下，最后同意去上學(xué)的故事，可以推知Atticus是個(gè)明智的父親。故選C。
Passage 7
（2023·廣州一模）
Isaac Newtn was brn n Christmas Day, 1642. Frm the very first Newtn was very much interested in the mysteries f nature. Why did bjects mve? Why culd we see that stnes rlled dwn hills, wind blew leaves alng the grund, and heavy bjects fell t the earth when drpped?
At the age f twenty-three, Isaac Newtn mved frm Cambridge t his cuntry hme. There, his thughts turned t the prblems f mtin (運(yùn)動(dòng)定律). As Newtn himself later tld the stry, he was sitting in the garden ne evening, thinking, when he nticed a falling apple. The apple set him t wndering abut the mvement f falling bjects.
It ccurred t him that the frce which caused fruit t fall frm trees wrked as well at greater distances frm the center f the earth—n tp f buildings r even n tp f muntains. Perhaps, thught Newtn, this same frce reached ut much farther still, even t the mn. Newtn began t search fr a mathematical expressin f his idea.
In 1669, Newtn became a prfessr f mathematics at Cambridge. Three years later, he jined the Ryal Sciety. Befre lng, Newtn began again t study the prblems f mtin. At last, he seemed t have slved the main difficulties, but he did nt publish his findings at nce.
Only in 1687 did he at last publish his new thery. Newtn’s great wrk, The Mathematical Principles f Natural Philsphy, marked the success f the Scientific Revlutin. Newtn put the famus three laws f mtin in it. Newtn was sn recgnized as the leader f English science. In 1703, he became the president f the Ryal Sciety.
Science was never quite the same after Newtn’s discveries. N wnder that the eighteenth-century pet Ppe, lking back at Newtn’s wrk, wrte: Nature and Nature’s laws lay hid in night; Gd said, Let Newtn be!—And all was light.
Newtn, hwever, never rested n his fame (名望). He cntinued t wrk and study. In his last years, he nce said t a friend, “I d nt knw what I may appear t the wrld, but t myself I seem t have been nly like a by, playing n the seashre, and nw and then finding a smther pebble (鵝卵石) r a prettier shell, while the great cean f truth lay undiscvered befre me.”
1. Where did Newtn begin t turn t the prblems f mtin?
A. At hme.B. At Cambridge.C. Outside the garden.D. On tp f a building.
2. The underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 5 refers t ________.
A. the Ryal ScietyB. the success f the Scientific Revlutin
C. Newtn’s new theryD. The Mathematical Principles f Natural Philsphy
3. In what rder did the fllwing events happen t Newtn?
a. He became curius abut the mvement f falling bjects.
b. He published his new thery.
c. He jined the Ryal Sciety.
d. He shwed great interest in the mysteries f nature.
e. He was recgnized as the leader f English science.
A. d-a-c-b-eB. d-c-a-e-bC. a-d-c-e-bD. a-d-e-b-c
4. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Newtn acted like a little by.B. Newtn cntinued t wrk fr fame.
C. Newtn liked playing n the seashre.D. Newtn nly fcused n wrking and studying.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A 4. D
【解析】本文向我們介紹著名的科學(xué)家牛頓的故事。
1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“At the age f twenty-three, Isaac Newtn mved frm Cambridge t his cuntry hme. There, his thughts turned t the prblems f mtin.”可知，23歲時(shí)，牛頓從劍橋搬到了他鄉(xiāng)下的家，在那里他的思想轉(zhuǎn)向運(yùn)動(dòng)問(wèn)題。故選A。
2.詞義猜測(cè)題。分析“Newtn’s great wrk, The Mathematical Principles f Natural Philsphy, marked the success f the Scientific Revlutin. Newtn put the famus three laws f mtin in it.”可知，牛頓的偉大作品《自然哲學(xué)的數(shù)學(xué)原理》標(biāo)志著科學(xué)革命的成功，在這本書(shū)中牛頓提出了著名的運(yùn)動(dòng)三定律。所以此處“it”指的是The Mathematical Principles f Natural Philsphy這本書(shū)，故選D。
3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Frm the very first Newtn was very much interested in the mysteries f nature.”，“The apple set him t wndering abut the mvement f falling bjects.”，“Three years later, he jined the Ryal Sciety.”，“Only in 1687 did he at last publish his new thery.”和“Newtn was sn recgnized as the leader f English science.”可知，事情發(fā)生的順序是d-a-c-b-e，故選A。
4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Newtn, hwever, never rested n his fame. He cntinued t wrk and study.”可知，牛頓從不滿(mǎn)足于他的名聲，他繼續(xù)工作和學(xué)習(xí)。所以牛頓只專(zhuān)注于工作和學(xué)習(xí)，而不是名聲，故選D。
Passage 8
（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州）
That night, July 11, 2022, Nick Bstic was driving dwn the streets f Lafayette, Indiana, when he fund a tw-stry huse was n fire.
Flames (火焰) were climbing up the frnt prch. Withut pausing fr a mment t think abut the danger, Bstic stpped his car and ran frm the back dr int the burning building, which belngs t the Barrett family.
Bstic had just started climbing the stairs when he lked up and saw fur faces appear frm a rm at the tp f the stairs and lk dwn at him, their eyes wide. “Yur huse is n fire, yu need t g!” Bstic yelled.
Bstic hurried the fur girls int the fresh air. “Anybdy else in there?” Bstic asked.
“Kaylani is in there! We can’t find her!” Seinna, the eldest f the girls, screamed referring t her six-year-ld sister. Withut hesitating, Bstic ran back inside.
By nw, the whle side f the huse was in flames. Bstic went upstairs. He searched every bedrm. N kid. The smke was thick nw. He lifted his T-shirt, trying t cver his muth and nse when he heard the sund f crying, frm the dark smke belw.
Bstic felt abut in the blackness and heat, mving dwnstairs tward the sund. Then suddenly Kaylani was in frnt f him. Bstic quickly lifted the girl int his arms. Where is the frnt dr?! Bstic remembered seeing a windw n the side f the huse where the fire hadn’t reached.
Bstic climbed back up, made it t the rm and brke the glass, Kaylani still in his arms.
Bstic and Kaylani lked dwn at the pen grassy space. The girl said, “___________” He was thinking the exact same thing.
But they had little chice. The flames were inching ever clser. Hlding Kaylani tightly in ne arm, Bstic ran frward and threw himself ut f the windw. He managed t land n the ther shulder. Kaylani was almst unhurt.
Days passed. Bstic wke up frm first-degree burns t his leg and arm, He felt like he’d just dne what anyne wuld have dne in that situatin. But utside the hspital, the stry f Nick Bstic was already spreading. He was a her—the pizza man wh had run int a burning building nt nce, but twice.
38. What des the underlined wrd “hesitating” mean in Paragraph 5?
A. 交談B. 猶豫C. 埋怨D. 期待
39. Which f the fllwing is the crrect rder f the stry?
a. Bstic lked fr the dr with Kaylani in his arms.
b. Bstic led the fur girls ut int the fresh air.
c. Bstic went upstairs t search every bedrm fr Kaylani.
d. Bstic jumped ut f the windw hlding Kaylani tightly in ne arm.
e. Bstic fllwed the sund f crying t the dark smke belw.
A. cbadeB. bceadC. ceabdD. baedc
40. Which sentence shuld g in the empty bx in Paragraph 3 frm the bttm?
A. I want my sisters! B. Ww, we’ll be heres!
C. I can’t thank yu t much. D. I dn’t want t jump ut the windw.
41. The picture in the passage is helpful because it shws ________.
A. when Kaylani was fund
B. hw brave Kaylani and Bstic were
C. what the tw-stry huse n fire was like
D. hw the her saved Kaylani at the very mment
【答案】38. B 39. B 40. D 41. D
【解析】本文講述了Nick Bstic遇到火災(zāi)時(shí)，勇敢地兩次跑進(jìn)燃燒的大樓成功地救人的故事。
38.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Withut pausing fr a mment t think abut the danger, Bstic stpped his car and ran frm the back dr int the burning building, which belngs t the Barrett family.”和“Withut hesitating, Bstic ran back inside.”可知Bstic在著火的情況下又跑回去救人，應(yīng)是“毫不猶豫地”，劃線部分“hesitating”意為“猶豫”。故選B。
39.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Bstic hurried the fur girls int the fresh air.”；“By nw, the whle side f the huse was in flames. Bstic went upstairs. He searched every bedrm. N kid. The smke was thick nw.”可知，Bstic先催促四個(gè)女孩呼吸新鮮空氣，接著去屋子里尋找Kaylani，即前兩個(gè)事件順序?yàn)閎c。故選B。
40.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Bstic and Kaylani lked dwn at the pen grassy space. The girl said, ‘...’ He was thinking the exact same thing.”和“But they had little chice. The flames were inching ever clser. Hlding Kaylani tightly in ne arm, Bstic ran frward and threw himself ut f the windw.(但他們別無(wú)選擇。火焰越來(lái)越近了。Bstic緊緊地抱著Kaylani，向前跑去，從窗戶(hù)跳了出去。)”可知此時(shí)他們的選擇只有跳出窗外。選項(xiàng)D“我可不想從窗戶(hù)跳下去?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選D。
41.推理判斷題。本文講述了Nick Bstic遇到火災(zāi)時(shí)，勇敢地兩次跑進(jìn)燃燒的大樓成功地救人的故事，圖片中“火災(zāi)中，一個(gè)男子抱著小女孩跳出窗戶(hù)”的情景說(shuō)明Bstic是如何在關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻救下Kaylani的。故選D。
Passage 9
（2023·浙江寧波）
It was the last day f the schl year. The classrm was filled with excitement. When ur teacher, Mr. Jhnsn, walked in, hlding a CD player, everyne’s face lit up with a smile. We knew that this wasn’t ging t be anther nrmal day, but a special ne.
“Please calm dwn and sit,” said Mr. Jhnsn, “I’m glad everyne’s here fr the final reading test f the year.” When everyne cried, Mr. Jhnsn laughed, saying it was just a jke. Then he reminded us that we still had a jb t d. “Yu need t clean ut yur desks and put all yur things int yur backpacks.” he added gently.
As we began ur task, Mr. Jhnsn turned n the CD player. The lively music made the rm feel like a party. Sme f us started singing alng with the music, thers were dancing arund their desks while they were cleaning them ut. Even Mr. Jhnsn shwed us a few dance steps, making everyne laugh heartily. After we finished cleaning, smene asked, “When is break time?” Mr. Jhnsn tk ut sme balls and started playing with them. Suddenly, he let the balls drp and said, “Break time starts ... nw!”
Just as we were abut t rush ut, ur headmaster, Mrs. Miller, appeared at the dr. “Mr. Jhnsn!” she cried ut. A mment f silence fell ver the rm as we thught, “Mr. Jhnsn might be in truble.” Hwever, t ur surprise, Mrs. Miller culdn’t help but laugh at the sight and left us t enjy ur break.
During break time, Mr. Jhnsn surprised us with anther treat. He went t the cafe and came back with ice creams fr everyne. We all cheered fr him!
As we walked back t the classrm, we passed Mrs. Miller’s ffice. Smene jked, “Dn’t play with the ice creams, Mr. Jhnsn!” We all laughed tgether...
19. What is the crrect rder f the fllwing activities?
①M(fèi)r. Jhnsn played with balls. ②Students gt ice creams happily.
③Students did the cleaning. ④Mr. Jhnsn jked abut having a test.
A. ①④③②B. ②①④③C. ③④②①D. ④③①②
20. What des the underlined wrd “them” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Balls.B. CDs.C. Desks.D. Backpacks.
21. Which sentence in the passage shws that the headmaster is kind?
A. ..., Mrs. Miller, appeared at the dr.B. Mr. Jhnsn might be in truble.
C. Mrs. Miller culdn’t help but laugh...D. “Mr. Jhnsn!” she cried ut.
22. Which f the fllwing mst prbably happened at the end f the stry?
A. The students went back hme happily.B. Mr. Jhnsn became angry with the students.
C. The students still had a reading test.D. Mrs. Miller came ut running after the students.
【答案】19. D 20. C 21. C 22. A
【解析】本文講述了在學(xué)年的最后一天，學(xué)生和老師度過(guò)了開(kāi)心的一天。
19.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“said Mr. Jhnsn, ‘I’m glad everyne’s here fr the final reading test f the year.’”可知Jhnsn老師首先開(kāi)玩笑說(shuō)要考試；根據(jù)“Then he reminded us that we still had a jb t d. ‘Yu need t clean ut yur desks and put all yur things int yur backpacks.’ he added gently.”可知接著提醒學(xué)生們要清理桌子。即前兩件事順序?yàn)棰堍?。故選D。
20.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“thers were dancing arund their desks while they were cleaning them ut.”可知一些人在打掃桌子時(shí)圍著桌子跳舞。劃線部分“them”指代前文“their desks”。故選C。
21.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Hwever, t ur surprise, Mrs. Miller culdn’t help but laugh at the sight and left us t enjy ur break.”可知Hwever表示轉(zhuǎn)折，此處是指校長(zhǎng)Miller是很善良的，讓學(xué)生們享受休息時(shí)間。故選C。
22.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“We all laughed tgether...”和全文可知在學(xué)年的最后一天，學(xué)生們都很開(kāi)心，可推知接下來(lái)學(xué)生高興地回家了。故選A。
Passage 10
（2023·廣州越秀模擬）
It is mre than sixty years since the death f Lei Feng, a yung sldier wh shwed the spirit f self-sacrifice, and yet the “Lei Feng spirit” is still alive, inspiring new generatins f Chinese peple.
On September 5th, 2022, when the earthquake struck Luding cunty in Suthwest China’s Sichuan prvince, 28-year-ld hydrpwer statin(水電站) wrker Gan Yu and his clleague chse t remain at their psts, saving villages frm being flded. Finally, his clleague was rescued n September 8th, while Gan was rescued by a lcal villager 17 days later.
“I’m nt a her.” Gan repeated, in an interview with Xinhua. The name Lei Feng is familiar t him, but Gan desn’t feel that he shuld be cmpared t the yung sldier. “Lei Feng is a rle mdel that all Chinese yung peple learn frm,” said Gan. “Educatin frm childhd can have a lngstanding effect n ne’s life. Times change, but we still need the ‘Lei Feng spirit’. The things he did may seem unimprtant, but behind them was a great spirit.”
Zeng Qiangfei, 24, is als frm Sichuan. In 2013, when an earthquake happened in Lushan cunty, he was studying in a middle schl.
Zeng remembered seeing rescuers and vlunteers gather there frm acrss China t help. When he grew up, he became a vlunteer in a lcal rescue team himself.
After a terrible earthquake in Turkey and Syria this year, he flew there t jin the rescue peratin. In six days, his team helped save nine survivrs.
“I grew up listening t Lei Feng’s stries. He is an extrardinary yung man wh made great effrt t help thers withut caring abut his wn lsses.” said Zeng. He learnt that gdwill （善念） is universal beynd languages and brders.
Sixty years n, the her sldier remains a rle mdel in China. The gdwill t help thers can always be fund amng rdinary peple.
26. What is the similarity between Gan Yu’s and Zeng Qiangfei’s experiences?
A. They used t experience the flds.
B. They have the gdwill t help thers.
C. They rescue peple in truble as vlunteers.
D. They received the best educatin during their childhd.
27. In what rder did the fllwing happen t Zeng Qiangfei?
a. His team helped save nine survivrs.
b. He grew up listening t Lei Feng’s stries.
c. An earthquake happened in Lushan cunty.
d. He became a vlunteer in a lcal rescue team himself.
e. He flew t Turkey and Syria t jin the rescue peratin.
f. He saw rescuers and vlunteers gather there frm acrss China t help.
A. b-c-f-d-e-aB. c-b-d-f-a-eC. b-c-d-f-e-aD. c-b-f-d-a-e
28. What’s the main idea f the passage?
A. Shwing ways f learning frm Lei Feng.
B. Giving advice abut learning frm Lei Feng.
C. Telling stries abut learning frm Lei Feng.
D. Expressing persnal pinins abut Lei Feng’s spirit.
【答案】26. B 27. A 28. C
【解析】本文主要講述了學(xué)習(xí)雷鋒的故事。
26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“28-year-ld hydrpwer statin(水電站) wrker Gan Yu and his clleague chse t remain at their psts, saving villages frm being flded. ”以及“After a terrible earthquake in Turkey and Syria this year, he flew there t jin the rescue peratin. In six days, his team helped save nine survivrs.”可知他們兩個(gè)人都有幫助別人的善意。故選B。
27.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“I grew up listening t Lei Feng’s stries”可知他是聽(tīng)雷鋒的故事長(zhǎng)大的排在第一位；根據(jù)“In 2013, when an earthquake happened in Lushan cunty, he was studying in a middle schl.”可知蘆山縣發(fā)生了地震排在第二位；根據(jù)“Zeng remembered seeing rescuers and vlunteers gather there frm acrss China t help. When he grew up, he became a vlunteer in a lcal rescue team himself.”可知他看到來(lái)自中國(guó)各地的救援人員和志愿者聚集在那里提供幫助排在第三位，他自己也成為了當(dāng)?shù)鼐仍?duì)的志愿者排在第四位，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選A。
28.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“It is mre than sixty years since the death f Lei Feng, a yung sldier wh shwed the spirit f self-sacrifice, and yet the ‘Lei Feng spirit’ is still alive, inspiring new generatins f Chinese peple.”以及文章中兩個(gè)人的故事可知，本文主要講述了學(xué)習(xí)雷鋒的故事。故選C。
考向三、說(shuō)明文
Passage 1
（2023-24·江蘇常州期末）
Hw are mvies made? There are many steps t fllw when making a mvie.
A mvie is based n a stry called a script. Sme scripts are taken frm bks which are ften already ppular. A persn wh writes a mvie script is called a screenwriter. Screenwriters write screenplays that nt nly have a stry, but als tell abut each mvie scene. Screenwriters must write and draw pictures. Their pictures shw what the scenes will lk like in the mvie. It des nt matter if screenwriters are nt gd artists. They can write ntes beside each picture. These give mre infrmatin abut each scene. Smetimes writers hire artists t draw fr them.
The screenwriter sends the screenplay ut t mvie cmpanies when it is finished. These cmpanies receive hundreds f screenplays every day. S it is very difficult fr the screenwriter t get the cmpanies t like his stry! If ne cmpany likes it, it will buy and film it!
T make a mvie, there needs t be peple t act in it. Casting actrs can be a lt f fun! This is when the talent agency (經(jīng)紀(jì)公司) matches real peple t the film’s characters. Actrs try ut fr a part in a mvie. Only the best are chsen.
There als needs t be smene t film, r sht the mvie. This is the jb f the directr. Directrs must use the best wrds and images fr each scene.
The directr makes the plan fr shting the mvie. In fact, mvies are nt always sht in rder. Smetimes the end scenes are sht first. This is ften because different places can be used fr each scene. Sme places are nt always pen r able t be used. The directr tells the crew when and where they will sht the scenes.
The mvie lcatin is imprtant, and chsing it can be tricky. Smetimes it takes a lng time t find the right place. Mvie lcatins usually must be large enugh fr the crew t wrk there. That can make them very expensive t use.
A script is chsen, the actrs are hired, and the lcatin is set. The crew and directr are ready nw. It is time t sht the mvie!
44. Why des the passage begin with a questin?
A. T shw ff hw much the writer knws abut making films.
B. T catch readers’ attentin t the tpic f film making.
C. T shw respect fr the effrts film prducers made.
D. T cllect answers t the questin fr the passage.
45. What des paragraph 2 mainly talk abut?
A. Sme new films based n famus bks.
B. Sme imprtant influences n screenplays.
C. Sme chices a mvie cmpany will make.
D. Sme interesting things abut screenwriters’ jb.
46. What can we infer (推斷) frm this passage?
A. Many peple are needed t wrk hard tgether t make a gd mvie.
B. Many sunds are mixed by cmputer in the lcatin while shting films.
C. Actrs can chse his favurite rle in the mvie when trying ut fr it.
D. Smetimes the end scenes are sht first because sme actrs are absent.
【答案】44. B 45. D 46. A
【解析】本文主要介紹了制作電影需要的一些步驟。
44.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，通過(guò)“Hw are mvies made?電影如何制作？”這個(gè)提問(wèn)，引出下文制作電影的步驟，所以說(shuō)文章開(kāi)頭以問(wèn)題為例，是為了吸引讀者對(duì)電影制作話題的關(guān)注。故選B。
45.段落大意題。根據(jù)“A persn wh writes a mvie script is called a screenwriter. Screenwriters write screenplays that nt nly have a stry, but als tell abut each mvie must write and draw pictures. Their pictures shw what the scenes will lk like in the mvie.”可知，第二段主要講了關(guān)于編劇工作的一些有趣的事情。故選D。
46.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“A script is chsen, the actrs are hired, and the lcatin is set. The crew and directr are ready nw. It is time t sht the mvie!”可知，一部電影需要選擇劇本、聘請(qǐng)演員、確定地點(diǎn)、劇組和導(dǎo)演準(zhǔn)備好，才能開(kāi)拍電影。也就是說(shuō)，拍一部好電影需要很多人的共同努力。故選A。
Passage 2
（2023-24年·武漢期末）
With Alipay and WeChat, cashless (無(wú) 現(xiàn) 金 的) payments are nthing new. Nw, China is ging further by encuraging mre peple t use digital (數(shù)字的) yuan r e-CNY, a digital currency (貨幣).
Jiangsu prvince will encurage the use f e-CNY in its educatin system, accrding t a recent plan by the Jiangsu Educatin Department. By December f this year students in Jiangsu will prbably pay tuitin fees (學(xué)費(fèi)), exam fees and receive schlarships (獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金) in e-CNY. T use e-CNY, peple just need t dwnlad (下載) the e-CNY app and pen an accunt (賬戶(hù)).
“The functins (功能) f e-CNY are exactly the same as thse f the paper currency, except that the frmer is digital,” Mu Changchun, directr f the Peple’s Bank f China’s Digital Currency Research Institute, tld China Daily.
But e-CNY is much safer cmpared t Alipay and WeChat payment. E-cmmerce (電子商務(wù)) platfrms that accept payments by e-CNY will nt have access t users’ persnal infrmatin. “Users’ privacy prtectin with e-CNY is at the highest level amng all existing payment tls,” said Mu.
In additin, “the use f e-CNY can reduce transactin (交易) csts fr smaller businesses,” said Zhu Mahua wh wrks at China Everbright Bank. At present, third-party payment platfrms such as Alipay and WeChat ask fr certain fees when mney is transferred (轉(zhuǎn)賬) thrugh them. E-CNY payment, hwever, can transfer mney directly frm buyers t sellers, which will greatly reduce transactin csts.
E-CNY has been trialed (試點(diǎn)) in 17 prvinces and cities, such as Suzhu, Shenzhen and Chengdu. China is still wrking t expand (擴(kuò)大) its usage in mre areas.
41. At the very beginning f the passage, Alipay and WeChat are mentined t ________.
A. give examplesB. intrduce the backgrund
C. list numbersD. surprise the readers
42. What can the students d by e-CNY?
A. Get schlarships.B. Open an accunt.
C. Dwnlad the e-CNY app.D. Pay all fees.
43. What’s the advantage f digital yuan accrding t the passage?
A. The functins are mre than thse f Alipay and WeChat payment.
B. Digital yuan is much safer than any ther payment tl.
C. 17 prvinces will use digital yuan instead f Alipay and WeChat payment.
D. It will greatly prtect users’ persnal infrmatin by digital yuan.
44. What is mentined in paragraph 5?
A. The safety prtectin abut e-CNY.B. The disadvantages f e-CNY.
C. The transactin csts abut e-CNY.D. The ppularity f e-CNY.
45. The writer’s writing purpse is t ________.
A. create greater business pprtunitiesB. call n peple t use digital yuan
C. change the way all peple pay feesD. lead peple t prtect their privacy
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B
【解析】本文主要介紹了數(shù)字人民幣的特點(diǎn)和功能。
41.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“With Alipay and WeChat, cashless (無(wú) 現(xiàn) 金 的) payments are nthing new. Nw, China is ging further by encuraging mre peple t use digital (數(shù)字的) yuan r e-CNY, a digital currency (貨幣).”可推知，提到支付寶和微信是為了介紹數(shù)字人民幣的背景，故選B。
42.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“By December f this year students in Jiangsu will prbably pay tuitin fees (學(xué)費(fèi)), exam fees and receive schlarships (獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金) in e-CNY.”可知，學(xué)生可以通過(guò)數(shù)字人民幣收到獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，故選A。
43.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Users’ privacy prtectin with e-CNY is at the highest level amng all existing payment tls”可知，在現(xiàn)有的所有支付工具中，數(shù)字人民幣對(duì)用戶(hù)的隱私保護(hù)處于最高水平，故選D。
44.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“the use f e-CNY can reduce transactin (交易) csts fr smaller businesses ... E-CNY payment, hwever, can transfer mney directly frm buyers t sellers, which will greatly reduce transactin csts.”可知，本段提到了數(shù)字人民幣的交易成本，故選C。
45.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“China is still wrking t expand (擴(kuò)大) its usage in mre areas.”及全文內(nèi)容可推知，作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的是號(hào)召人們使用數(shù)字人民幣，故選B。
Passage 3
（2023-24·廣州天河統(tǒng)考）
We all knw that eating junk fd can make us fat. Hwever, a new study suggests that it can d mre than that－it can als make us lazy.
In the study, researchers divided 32 rats int tw grups. In the first experiment, the first grup was fed a diet f healthy fd such as crn and fish, while the secnd was given a diet rich in sugar and fat, namely “junk fd”.
Within three mnths, the rats in the secnd grup were already much fatter than thse n the healthy diet. And when researchers trained the rats t d simple tasks, they fund even mre differences between the tw grups ther than weight.
During the task—pushing a lever t receive a prize f sugar water—the rats n the junk fd diet were fund t be less willing t mve, and they tk lnger breaks between each push than the fit rats did.
“It is as if the rat is thinking ‘This is t much wrk’,” said the leader f the study.
Accrding t researchers, these differences suggest that junk fd changed the chemistry in the rats’ brains.
The experiments didn’t end there. After six mnths, researchers began the secnd experiment. The rats’ diets were changed, and the verweight rats were given a healthy diet fr nine days. Hwever, this didn’t help reduce their weight r imprve their ability t perfrm tasks. It means the effects f their junk fd diet lasted fr lng. “There’s n quick way t reduce the harm,” researchers said.
Fr a lng time, we’ve believed that peple becme fat because they are lazy. But this study has shwn that the ppsite is true as well. Being lazy and getting fat can g hand in hand.
S, if yu always feel tired, and nt willing t get up frm yur chair, it culd be that yu’ve been studying t hard. But yu shuld als pay attentin t yur diet.
37. What can be included in the diet fr the secnd grup?
A. B. C. D.
38. What did the first experiment shw?
A. Fit rats prefer healthy fd.B. Fat rats dn’t like sugar water.
C. Junk fd has harmful chemistry.D. Junk fd can make rats fat and lazy.
39. What can we learn frm the secnd experiment?
A. Fat rats shuld perfrm mre tasks.
B. Our diets have lng-term effects n us.
C. There is n quick way t change a diet.
D. It is n gd t change an unhealthy diet.
40. Ben is heavy and lies in the sfa all day. What advice wuld the writer give him?
A. He shuld get up and d sme exercise.
B. He shuld fcus mre n his study.
C. He shuld stay away frm junk fd.
D. He shuld have regular meals n time.
【答案】37. D 38. D 39. B 40. C
【解析】本文展示了一個(gè)研究結(jié)果：吃垃圾食品不僅會(huì)使人發(fā)胖，還會(huì)使人變懶。
37.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ the secnd was given a diet rich in sugar and fat, namely ‘junk fd’.”可知，第二組的飲食包含高糖高油的垃圾食品。故選D。
38.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Within three mnths, the rats in the secnd grup were already much fatter than thse n the healthy diet.”和第四段“ rats n the junk fd diet were fund t be less willing t mve, and they tk lnger breaks between each push than the fit rats did.”可知，這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示，吃垃圾食品那組的小白鼠更胖更懶。故選D。
39.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段“It means the effects f their junk fd diet lasted fr lng.”可知，飲食的影響會(huì)持續(xù)很久。故選B。
40.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“S, if yu always feel tired, and nt willing t get up frm yur chair, it culd be that yu’ve been studying t hard. But yu shuld als pay attentin t yur diet.”可知，針對(duì)不愛(ài)動(dòng)的人，作者建議要注意飲食。故選C。
Passage 4
（2023-24·廣州天河統(tǒng)考）
Even after 10 p.m., a vide meeting between a grup f students is still ging strng. Fr these students, wh are devted t self-study, this virtual meeting is like a library. The virtual self-study rm (虛擬自習(xí)室) has becme a ppular silent space t wrk alngside ther students.
An eight-hur vide, psted in March, shws the self-study rms f many tp Chinese universities. These rms have becme a warm place fr peple wh enjy a gd learning atmsphere.
“At first, I was just lking fr a partner t prepare fr the IELTS exam tgether. I never expected it t be s ppular,” said Yue Yetu, wh started an nline steam. “It amazed me that ver 150 peple were nline at the same time. The participants included teenagers and adults, mst f whm were preparing fr their examinatins. Greatly mtivated, Yue has passed her exam but she still keeps the virtual self-study rm running.
“They dn’t have t turn n the cameras in the rm. Hwever, many f them wuld prefer t fire up the webcam because it reminds them nt t be distracted.” Yue said.
Yue als set up a chat grup, where dzens f members shared their learning prcess and ups and dwns in life. “I received a lt f supprt frm it, and I was deeply mved,” said Chen Yihan, a participant. T Yue, her virtual self-study rm has far-reaching meaning. On a winter day, a pair f siblings (姐妹) shwed up in her rm, wearing fingerless glves and reading in the lw light. Seeing that, she decided t keep the rm running fr 24 hurs. She said they made her realize the meaning f creating such an nline space.
37. What is the virtual self-study rm like fr the students wh are devted t self-study?
A. It is a place where they can scialize with friends.
B. It is a library where they can find resurces and study quietly.
C. It is a platfrm where they can watch vides and take nline curses.
D. It is an nline marketplace where they can buy and sell study materials.
38. Why did Yue Yetu start an nline study stream?
A. T find a partner t prepare fr the IELTS exam tgether.
B. T create a platfrm fr peple t share their learning prcess.
C. T prvide a space fr peple t discuss their ups and dwns in life.
D. T encurage peple t turn n their cameras during the virtual meetings.
39. Why d many participants prefer t turn n their webcams during the virtual meetings?
A. T shw ff their appearance and impress thers.
B. T have face-t-face cnversatins with ther participants.
C. T remind themselves nt l be distracted while studying.
D. T share their learning prgress with thers thrugh vide recrdings.
40. What did Yue realize after seeing the siblings reading in the lw light in her virtual self-study rm?
A. She realized that the virtual self-study rm shuld be pen 24 hurs a day.
B. She realized that she needed t imprve the lighting in her wn study rm.
C. She realized that she shuld start ffering ne-n-ne tutring sessins in the virtual self-study rm.
D. She realized the imprtance f creating such an nline space fr peple t learn tgether.
【答案】37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】本文介紹虛擬自習(xí)室的流行及它存在的意義。
37.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“”Fr these students, wh are devted t self-study, this virtual meeting is like a library. The virtual self-study rm (虛擬自習(xí)室) has becme a ppular silent space t wrk alngside ther students.可知，虛擬自習(xí)室就像一個(gè)圖書(shū)館，供人在那里安靜地學(xué)習(xí)。故選B。
38.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“At first, I was just lking fr a partner t prepare fr the IELTS exam tgether. I never expected it t be s ppular,”可知，最初只是找到搭檔一起學(xué)習(xí)備考。故選A。
39.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Hwever, many f them wuld prefer t fire up the webcam because it reminds them nt t be distracted”提醒不要分心。故選C。
40細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“On a winter day, a pair f siblings (姐妹) shwed up in her rm, wearing fingerless glves and reading in the lw light. Seeing that, she decided t keep the rm running fr 24 hurs. She said they made her realize the meaning f creating such an nline space.”可知意識(shí)到了做件事的意義。故選D。
Passage 5
（2023-24·江蘇泰州期末考）
Hw lng whales live in fresh water has becme a matter f sme discussin with several visits f whales t fresh water. The interest in this matter first became httest in 1985 when Humphrey the humpback whale (座頭鯨) managed several weeks in the fresh water f the Sacrament River befre finally returning t the Pacific Ocean. The matter happened again in May f 2007, when a mther whale and her baby whale entered the Sacrament River.
In general, sme experts say that it is uncmmn t see whales in fresh water fr mre than a few weeks because mst whales are built fr salt water envirnments. Scientists are nt exactly sure hw lng whales can live in fresh water. In fresh water, they can’t get their regular fd. Besides, small cuts, fr example, are easily cured in salt water. Fresh water envirnments d nt prvide materials which are gd fr cuts.
Fresh water envirnments are als nt natural fr a whale’s swimming and diving activities. Mst whales swim in water that is at least 20 feet (6.1 m) deep. Fresh water rivers may be nly a few feet deeper than the girth f a whale’s bdy. This makes them mre likely t be beached.
Many whales are migratry (遷徙的) animals by habit. Since they are nt used t the rute they are taking, whales can easily get lst. Bilgists are certain that few whales in fresh water will survive mre than a mnth. Thugh it may be interesting t see whales in fresh water, it’s a matter f cncern (擔(dān)心) t whale lvers.
41. What makes the matter hw lng whales live in fresh water be discussed?
A. Humans want t find mre places fr whales.
B. Humans want t find fresh water in the cean.
C. Whales are facing dangers living in the sea.
D. Whales make several visits t fresh water.
42. What des the underlined wrd “girth” in the third paragraph prbably mean?
A. Health.B. Width.C. Warmth.D. Weight.
43. Which f the fllwing facts are the scientists sure f?
A. There isn’t plenty f fd in fresh water.
B. Whales can live in fresh water quite lng.
C. Whales can’t get small cuts easily in salt water.
D. Few whales in fresh water will survive t lng.
44. What wuld prbably be discussed in the next part?
A. The rute that the whales wuld knw.
B. The actins taken t keep whales in fresh water.
C. The ways t help whales return t their natural envirnments.
D. The research n hw lng whales will survive in fresh water.
45. This text is mst prbably frm the part f ________ in a newspaper.
A. TravelB. GegraphyC. ScienceD. Envirnment
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. C
【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要就近來(lái)鯨魚(yú)頻頻出現(xiàn)在淡水區(qū)域這一問(wèn)題介紹了鯨魚(yú)不適合在淡水中長(zhǎng)期生活的原因及擔(dān)憂，盡管在淡水區(qū)域看到鯨魚(yú)是一件有趣的事情，但是這不利于鯨魚(yú)的生存。
41.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Hw lng whales live in fresh water has becme a matter f sme discussin with several visits f whales t fresh water.”可知，鯨魚(yú)多次造訪淡水水域才導(dǎo)致鯨魚(yú)在淡水中生活多久的問(wèn)題被討論。故選D。
42.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文“This makes them mre likely t be beached.”可知，鯨魚(yú)容易在淡水中擱淺，說(shuō)明淡水區(qū)域的水不深，這應(yīng)該是與鯨魚(yú)的腰圍的寬度相比，據(jù)此可以推斷girth與width“寬度”意思相近。故選B。
43.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Bilgists are certain that few whales in fresh water will survive mre than a mnth.”可知，生物學(xué)家確信淡水中很少有鯨魚(yú)能存活超過(guò)一個(gè)月。故選D。
44.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thugh it may be interesting t see whales in fresh water, it’s a matter f cncern t whale lvers.”可知，此處提到了鯨魚(yú)造訪淡水水域這一現(xiàn)象引起了鯨魚(yú)愛(ài)好者的擔(dān)憂，所以接下來(lái)應(yīng)該會(huì)談?wù)撊藗內(nèi)绾螏椭L魚(yú)返回居住地。故選C。
45.推理判斷題。因?yàn)轹L魚(yú)頻頻造訪淡水水域，引發(fā)了人們對(duì)鯨魚(yú)能夠在淡水區(qū)域生存多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間這一問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了討論，科學(xué)家們對(duì)這一問(wèn)題沒(méi)有定論。但是淡水水域不利于鯨魚(yú)的生存，研究人員給出了原因；據(jù)此可以推斷，本文很有可能源自報(bào)紙的科學(xué)版塊。故選C。
Passage 5
（摘自時(shí)文精讀）
When we think f persnal cmputers (PCs), we ften imagine bulky (笨重的) mnitrs and large screens. As the PC industry faces difficulties, it lks t AI t be its saving grace. What might this “partnership” hld in stre?
Since the birth f the first electrnic cmputer in 1946, the persnal cmputer has been widely used all ver the wrld. Hwever, imprved technlgy and a lnger cmputer lifespan (使用壽命) have reduced peple’s need t get new cmputers as frequently. At the same time, it is mre difficult t innvate in such a stable and fixed manufacturing industry(制造業(yè)). This has led t abut tw years f reduced glbal shipments f cmputers, reprted Science and Technlgy Daily.
But Micrsft’s recent mve has stirred things up. It intrduced a new AI Cpilt t Windws 11 PCs at the beginning f 2024, which was seen as a measure t reinvigrate the industry by bringing the pwer f AI int the equatin.
As f Jan 15, Cpilt had already reached a “milestne ” with mre than 5 billin chats and mre than 5 billin images, accrding t Micrsft. It is already capable f perfrming many functins. Whether yu need help t make a summary f a web page, send an email t yur teacher, change yur settings t dark mde, enable Bluetth, r cnnect a new pair f headphnes, Windws’ Cpilt can assist yu.
Apart frm serving as a husekeeper fr yur PC, the new system als has an artistic side. Windw’s cllabratin (合作) with Sun, a leading AI music creatin cmpany, allws peple t easily create unique and beautiful sngs regardless f their musical ability by giving rders like: “Create a pp sng abut a family adventure”.
S nw, the race is n. Chip cmpanies such as NVIDIA and Intel are cmpeting t release a series f new prducts designed fr AI PCs, and Lenv Grup has als launched ver 10 new AI PC prducts, reprted China Ecnmic Net.
Hwever, AI PCs’ capabilities (功能) are still quite basic and far frm accurately (精確地) meeting peple’s persnalized (個(gè)性化的) AI assistant needs. The extent t which AI-integrated PCs can deliver intelligent experiences and the level f user acceptance are still subject t (取決于) market testing.
1. What is leading t fewer peple buying new cmputers, accrding t the text?
A. Reduced interest in PCs.
B. Extended cmputer lifespan.
C. Rising shipment fees.
D. Rapid innvatins in manufacturing.
2. What des the underlined wrd “reinvigrate” in paragraph 3 mst prbably mean?
A. Revive. B. Intrduce. C. Weaken. D. Understand.
3. Hw des the partnership between AI Cpilt and Sun benefit users?
A. It helps them read web pages.
B. It imprves their musical abilities.
C. It enables them t create unique sngs.
D. It allws them t dwnlad ppular sngs.
4. What is the current state f AI PC’s capabilities, accrding t the last paragraph?
A. Mre advanced than ther types f AI.
B. Fully meeting peple’s needs.
C. Highly advanced and persnalized.
D. Still under develpment and requiring testing.
【答案】
【解析】本文探討了個(gè)人電腦(PC)行業(yè)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和AI技術(shù)潛在的振興作用。隨著電腦使用壽命增長(zhǎng)和創(chuàng)新難度加大導(dǎo)致銷(xiāo)量下降，微軟推出AI Cpilt為行業(yè)注入活力。盡管AI功能仍在完善，但展現(xiàn)了電腦與AI合作的未來(lái)潛力。
1.B. 文中提到了由于技術(shù)的改進(jìn)和電腦使用壽命的延長(zhǎng)，這減少了人們頻繁更換新電腦的需求，導(dǎo)致全球電腦出貨量的下降。
2.A. 文章中畫(huà)線的單詞“reinvigrate”出現(xiàn)在第三段，接近“revive（復(fù)興，振興）”這個(gè)意思，這是根據(jù)它所在句子的上下文推斷出來(lái)的。句子講述微軟通過(guò)將AI Cpilt引入到Windws 11電腦中，作為一個(gè)措施來(lái)使整個(gè)行業(yè)復(fù)興。
3.C.文章提到AI Cpilt和Sun的合作讓人們能夠通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的命令，如“創(chuàng)造一首關(guān)于家庭冒險(xiǎn)的流行歌曲”，來(lái)輕松創(chuàng)造獨(dú)特和美麗的歌曲，即使他們不具備音樂(lè)能力。
4.D. 最后一段中提到AI電腦目前的功能還相當(dāng)基礎(chǔ)，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能精確滿(mǎn)足人們個(gè)性化的AI助手需求。它們能否提供智能體驗(yàn)的程度以及用戶(hù)接受程度還取決于市場(chǎng)測(cè)試，這說(shuō)明AI電腦的功能仍處于開(kāi)發(fā)階段并需要經(jīng)過(guò)測(cè)試。
Passage 6
（摘自時(shí)文精讀）
The first case (版權(quán)案件) abut AI-created (人工智能生成的) images in China had its first result frm the Beijing Internet Curt (北京互聯(lián)網(wǎng)法院).
A man surnamed (姓) Li is a Chinese scial media Xiahngshu accunt (賬戶(hù)) wner. He used the sftware Stable Diffusin in February t make a picture. And then, he psted the picture n Xiahngshu.
Hwever, a lady surnamed Liu used the picture in March and cut ff the Xiahngshu watermark (水印) in her pst in Baijiaha, a blg-style platfrm under Baidu.
The curt fund that this was an act f infringement (侵權(quán)) and said the lady must make a public aplgy and pay 500 yuan t Li.
The curt decided that the AI-generated picture had “riginality (獨(dú)創(chuàng)性)” and that such pictures shuld be knwn as wrks and prtected by law (法律). The curt said that Li made the setting f the AI mdel based n his needs. The image was prduced based n his ideas and shwed his wn expressin. S, Li is the creatr f the image and wns its cpyright.
This case is nt the nly ne raising discussin. Anther recent case is abut ChatGPT.
In the case f ChatGPT, the mdel is trained n a huge amunt f text frm many surces, s it culd be argued that the creatrs f the surce material shuld have sme claim (所有權(quán)) t the f the generated cntent (內(nèi)容).
Hwever, it culd als be argued that the creatrs f the mdel, OpenAI, shuld have the because they created the prgram and wrte the cde (代碼) that generates the cntent.
The law is still nt clear n the issues arund AI-generated wrks like this. Decisins n such issues are expected t change rapidly ver the next several years.
1.What was the cnsequence fr Li as a result f the curt’s decisin?
A. He was rdered t pay 500 yuan t Liu.
B. He was recgnized as the wner f the image he created.
C. He had t publicly aplgize t Liu.
D. He was required t stp using the Stable Diffusin sftware.
2.What was the main reasn behind the curt’s decisin t supprt Li in the case ?
A. Liu used the sftware Stable Diffusin t generate her wn image.
B. Li had nt previusly registered the cpyright fr the image.
C. The curt fund riginality in the AI-generated image created by Li.
D. The watermark was remved frm the image by Liu.
3.What did the curt rule the lady named Liu t d fr her infringement actin?
A. Delete the image frm Baijiaha.
B. Create her wn AI-generated picture.
C. Make a public aplgy and pay Li 500 yuan.
D. Give the AI sftware credits fr the image.
4.What is the main legal prblem related t the ChatGPT case?
A. The images created by ChatGPT are nt cnsidered riginal.
B. It is unclear wh hlds the fr the cntent generated by ChatGPT.
C. OpenAI has already been assigned the cpyright fr ChatGPT’s utputs.
D. All text generated by ChatGPT is pen surce.
5.Accrding t the text, what are the future expectatins fr legal disputes ver the f cntent created by AI?
A. The law will becme stricter n AI-created cntent.
B . All AI-created cntent will be freely accessible withut cncerns.
C. OpenAI will be granted autmatic cpyright fr all AI-generated cntent.
D. Decisins n these issues will likely change frequently in the near future.
【答案】BCCBD
【解析】中國(guó)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)法院首個(gè)AI版權(quán)案：李某用Stable Diffusin制圖后遭劉某侵權(quán)，法院判決圖片有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性，李某享有版權(quán)。
1. B由于法院的決定，李先生被確認(rèn)為他所創(chuàng)作的圖片的者。
2. 因?yàn)榉ㄔ赫J(rèn)定李先生生成的人工智能圖片具有“獨(dú)創(chuàng)性”，并且該圖片應(yīng)被視為作品受版權(quán)法保護(hù)，所以他是圖片的創(chuàng)作者，擁有其版權(quán)。故答案選C
3. 法院裁定劉女士因侵權(quán)行為必須公開(kāi)道歉并向李先生支付500元。
4. B ChatGPT案例呈現(xiàn)的法律問(wèn)題是關(guān)于人工智能生成內(nèi)容的版權(quán)歸屬尚不明確。
5.根據(jù)文本，建議對(duì)人工智能生成內(nèi)容版權(quán)的法律爭(zhēng)議的未來(lái)預(yù)期是，在短期內(nèi)這些問(wèn)題上的決定可能會(huì)頻繁變化。
Passage 7
（摘自時(shí)文精讀）
The AI Safety Summit (人工智能安全峰會(huì)) tk place in the UK frm Nv 1 t 2. Peple frm different cuntries, AI-related (AI相關(guān)的) cmpanies and rganizatins attended this event.
A paper called the Bletchley Declaratin (《布萊奇利宣言》) n AI safety was signed by 28 cuntries including China, the US and the UK, and the Eurpean Unin during the event. The paper highlighted (強(qiáng)調(diào)) shared wrries abut AI risks and safety. Fr example, AI systems might make unfair chices. AI sftware used in hiring peple might nt treat everyne fairly. Peple wrry that AI sftware might use peple’s gender (性別) and backgrund in bad ways.
China’s Vice-Minister (副部長(zhǎng)) f Science and Technlgy, Wu Zhahui, mentined glbal actin n AI gvernance (治理) that China brught up earlier during the third Belt and Rad Frum fr Internatinal Cperatin (第三屆“一帶一路”國(guó)際合作高峰論壇 ) in Beijing. Wu als talked abut the imprtance f fcusing n peple, being respnsible and making sure there are mutual benefits (互惠互利) in AI develpment. He called fr the Glbal Suth t have mre say in the gvernance f AI.
Befre the summit, the UK gvernment made sme funding plans (撥款計(jì)劃). They hpe t prvide training t make sure that wrkers are ready fr the future with AI. Wrkers need t learn hw t use AI tls. Fr example, peple in custmer service jbs are being taught t use AI chatbts (聊天機(jī)器人) t deal with cmmn custmer questins. This way, peple can d mre imprtant tasks while chatbts d simpler nes.
Als, US President Je Biden issued (頒布) a new rder n artificial intelligence n Oct 30. This is the first actin f its kind by the US gvernment. The rder includes creating new safety standards fr AI, prtecting cnsumer privacy (隱私), and speeding up jb creatin fr wrkers skilled in the field.
1.What is the main bjective f the Bletchley Declaratin signed during the AI Safety Summit?
A. T prmte glbal cllabratin n AI develpment.
B. T express cncerns abut AI risks and safety.
C. T establish new regulatins fr AI usage.
D. T encurage the use f AI in hiring practices.
2. What d we knw abut the glbal actin Wu Zhahui mentined?
A. AI safety needs the jined effrts f cuntries.
B. China did well in AI gvernance.
C. Cuntries in the Glbal Suth are strng in AI technlgy.
D. Cuntries can take advantage f AI gvernance.
3. The funding plans were made t _____.
A. develp AI technlgy B. train peple t use AI
C. replace human wrkers with AI rbts D. remind peple f AI risks
4. The last paragraph is written t _____.
A. cmpare the US’ actins with the UK’s
B. present the US’ effrts in AI gvernance
C. intrduce new safety standards fr AI
D. pay attentin t the AI safety wrkers
5. What is the main idea f this article?
A. Discussing the future prspects f AI technlgy
B. Analyzing the hsting and attitudes f the glbal AI safety summit
C. Emphasizing internatinal cperatin and gvernance issues in the AI field
D. Discussing the impact f AI n the current and future wrkfrce
【答案】BABBC
【解析】這篇文章主要介紹了在英國(guó)舉行的人工智能安全峰會(huì)，以及28個(gè)國(guó)家簽署的關(guān)于AI安全的《布萊奇利宣言》。同時(shí)，中國(guó)科技副部長(zhǎng)吳兆暉提出了AI全球治理的見(jiàn)解，英國(guó)政府和美國(guó)總統(tǒng)也分別提出了AI方面的培訓(xùn)和政策措施。
1. B。AI安全峰會(huì)上簽署的Bletchley宣言主要關(guān)注AI風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和安全的共享問(wèn)題。包括AI決策可能存在的不公，和可能對(duì)個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)（如性別和背景）的潛在濫用。
2. A。文中暗示，科技部副部長(zhǎng)吳兆暉呼吁進(jìn)行AI治理的全球行動(dòng)，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了國(guó)際合作的重要性。他還堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，AI治理應(yīng)重視全球南方的聲音，這表明AI安全需要各個(gè)國(guó)家共同努力。
3. B。英國(guó)政府的籌款計(jì)劃基本上是為了為工人提供使用AI工具的培訓(xùn)，使他們能夠有效地為AI的未來(lái)做好準(zhǔn)備。
4. B。最后一段明確報(bào)告了美國(guó)政府（由總統(tǒng)喬·拜登頒布）在AI上的行動(dòng)，包括為AI創(chuàng)建新的安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，保護(hù)消費(fèi)者隱私，和加快在該領(lǐng)域的就業(yè)創(chuàng)造。這清楚地展示了美國(guó)在AI治理上的努力。
5. C。文章主要圍繞國(guó)際合作，AI風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和安全，AI治理和與AI相關(guān)的培訓(xùn)相關(guān)的主題展開(kāi)。文章中突出了一些與這些主題有關(guān)的重要活動(dòng)，例如AI安全峰會(huì)，簽署B(yǎng)letchley宣言，中國(guó)科技部副部長(zhǎng)的陳述，英國(guó)政府的籌款計(jì)劃，以及美國(guó)總統(tǒng)對(duì)AI的命令。
Passage 8
（摘自時(shí)文精讀）
The Yellw River is knwn as the mther river f the Chinese peple. Hwever, fld (洪水) cntrl and disaster frecasts (災(zāi)害預(yù)報(bào)) f the river have always been challenging fr peple. Nw, scientists can better wrk n these issues by giving the river a digital twin.
The digital twin f the Yellw River uses different kinds f technlgies, including big data, artificial intelligence, and the internet f things. Devices (設(shè)備) are set up alng the river and cllect and transmit(傳送) infrmatin t the center. Based n the infrmatin, a 3D mdel f the river is shwed n the cmputer screen. It’s like the Yellw River has a twin that reflects its real cnditins.
One big thing in the digital gvernance (治理) f the river is “smart stnes”. Accrding t Wang Qin, a lead researcher at the Infrmatin Center f Yellw River Henan Bureau, a smart stne is a detectr with chips, a battery, and a signal transmitter in it. They are put in imprtant dike (堤壩) lcatins t recrd and reprt the mvement f dike stnes. “On feeling mvement f the dike stnes, the smart stne sends an alarm t the center fr quick respnse,” Wang said.
“In the past, researchers had t learn the cnditins f the dike n the spt by themselves, putting their lives at risk,” said Zha Xiaxing frm the bureau. “Nw the smart stnes can d this fr us, mre safely, quickly, and accurately (精確地).”
In the sky, there are flying drnes. These drnes are designed by engineers t lk at the river ,its dikes and fld preventin prjects. Shen Lin, frm the Yellw River Cnservancy Cmmissin, explains that the drnes prvide researchers at the cmmand center with phts and infrmatin. The researchers use this infrmatin t update a 3D mdel, which helps them test fldwater release plans in case f emergencies.
Under the water and up in the sky, intelligent systems are helping t prtect the Yellw River Basin n all frnts. Accrding t the Ministry f Water Resurces, in the future, we can expect t see the cnstructin f an even mre cmprehensive digital system fr this imprtant river.
1. What is the main purpse f creating a digital twin f the Yellw River?
A. T cnduct histrical research.
B. T raise public awareness f river prtectin.
C. T imprve fld cntrl and preventin effrts.
D. T create a virtual turist attractin.
2.What technlgies are used fr the creatin f the digital twin f the Yellw River?
A. Slar energy, hydrpwer, and mechanical devices
B. Big data, artificial intelligence, and the internet f things
C. GPS, satellites, and radar technlgy
D. Nuclear pwer, wind energy, and hydrelectric pwer
3.What is the functin f“smart stnes” in this system?
A. They act as detectrs t mnitr and reprt the mvement f dike stnes
B. They are used t build the dikes alng the river
C. They are decrative elements alng the river banks
D. They help t filter the river water and keep it clean
4.Hw d drnes cntribute t the digital gvernance f the Yellw River?
A. They are used fr entertainment purpses
B. They cllect phts and infrmatin fr researchers t update a 3D mdel f the river
C. They are used t transprt gds acrss the river
D. They are designed t save peple wh fall int the river
5. What is the main idea f this text?
A. The Yellw River is the rigin f Chinese civilizatin.
B. The Yellw River’s flding and disaster frecasts have always been challenging.
C. The digital twin f the Yellw River imprves data cllectin and assists in fld cntrl.
D. The future f the Yellw River’s prtectin lies slely in technlgical advancements.
【答案】CBABC
【解析】本文介紹科學(xué)家通過(guò)建立黃河的數(shù)字化"雙胞胎"，使用大數(shù)據(jù)，AI和物聯(lián)網(wǎng)等技術(shù)，改善了洪水控制和災(zāi)害預(yù)測(cè)。
1.C 文章中提到，通過(guò)創(chuàng)建黃河的數(shù)字化"雙胞胎"，科學(xué)家可以更好地對(duì)這些問(wèn)題進(jìn)行研究，明顯地，這些問(wèn)題指的是洪水控制和防災(zāi)預(yù)報(bào)。故答案選C
2. B. 文章中明確提到黃河的數(shù)字化雙胞胎使用了包括大數(shù)據(jù)、人工智能和物聯(lián)網(wǎng)在內(nèi)的多種技術(shù)。故答案選B
3. A.文中提到，“智能石頭”是一種內(nèi)置有芯片、電池和信號(hào)發(fā)射器的探測(cè)器，它們被放置在重要的堤壩地點(diǎn)，以記錄和報(bào)告堤壩石頭的移動(dòng)。故答案選A
4. B. 文中提到，這些無(wú)人機(jī)給指揮中心的研究員提供照片和信息。研究員利用這些信息更新3D模型。故答案選B
5. C文中詳細(xì)描述了黃河數(shù)字雙胞胎的各個(gè)分支功能。不論是監(jiān)測(cè)堤壩石頭移動(dòng)的“智能石頭”，還是通過(guò)提供照片和信息更新3D模型的無(wú)人機(jī)，在改進(jìn)數(shù)據(jù)收集和優(yōu)化洪水控制方面都發(fā)揮了積極作用。因此，黃河的數(shù)字雙胞胎在洪水控制上的協(xié)助成為文章的主題。故答案選C
Passage 9
（2023·武漢）
When the famus scientist Albert Einstein was 16 years ld, he imagined himself riding alngside a beam (束) f light. He used this picture in mind t help him when wrking ut the “thery f relativity(相對(duì)論)”. “Imaginatin is mre imprtant than knwledge,” said Einstein.
Daydreaming, called “thught experiments” by Einstein, can make yu have wild imaginings, like flying arund in space. It lets yur mind walk slwly arund ideas, memries and experiences that aren’t happening right nw. It means thinking ahead t a hliday r remembering hw much yu enjyed a birthday party. Accrding t China’s health authrities(權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)), daydreaming fr a while each day can imprve yur health and creativity.
Disappearing int a daydream lets yur mind escape when things are difficult. It helps yu deal with wrries and fears. Fr example, imagining hw yu’re ging t speak up in class is like practicing the scene in yur head, which can make yu feel calmer. Daydreaming als inspires creativity and lets yu find new wrlds where there are n limits (限制) t what yu can d r wh yu are. Gu Qiang, an expert in thughts and feelings, thinks we shuld all make time t daydream. “Thinking fr pleasure can be a pwerful tl t shape ur feelings,” he said.
Hwever, try nt t let yur mind be absent when yu need t fcus (聚焦) in class r crss the rad. Instead, find a time when yu dn’t have t fcus n anything, like ging fr a walk r brushing yur teeth. Gu suggests yu can start by fcusing n a happy memry r imagining a future success, like scring a gal in the Wrld Cup.
T encurage creativity, think abut interesting ideas and see where yur mind takes yu. Research shws that peple ften cme up with mre slutins t prblems after they’ve taken a break. S next time yu’re stuck with hmewrk, stp fr a mment and see where yur daydreams take yu.
41. Which writing skill is used in paragraph 1?
A. Giving an example.B. Raising a questin.C. Listing numbers.D. Cmparing facts.
42. Daydreaming can make peple _________.
A. fly arundB. walk slwlyC. think freelyD. be absent-minded
43. Gu Qiang first suggests _________.
A. escaping frm the hard timeB. lking fr new wrlds
C. finding time t imagineD. fcusing n success
44. What is mentined in paragraph 4?
A. The steps t daydream. B. The things t daydream f.
C. The reasns fr daydreaming. D. The meanings f daydreaming.
45. Daydreaming is talked abut _________.
A. t remind peple t have a mind break B. t suggest living at the mment
C. t find slutins t hmewrk prblems D. t shw a science research result
【答案】41. A 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. A
【解析】本文主要介紹了白日夢(mèng)的好處，并提醒人們要讓大腦休息一下。
41.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“When the famus scientist Albert Einstein was 16 years ld...”可知開(kāi)頭通過(guò)愛(ài)因斯坦的例子引出了本文的話題。故選A。
42.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“can make yu have wild imaginings, like flying arund in space”可知白日夢(mèng)可以讓你產(chǎn)生天馬行空的想象，自由地思考。故選C。
43.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“thinks we shuld all make time t daydream”可知他建議要找點(diǎn)時(shí)間去做白日夢(mèng)。故選C。
44.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Gu suggests yu can start by fcusing n a happy memry r imagining a future success, like scring a gal in the Wrld Cup”可知此處提到了可以白日做夢(mèng)的事情。故選B。
45.主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了白日夢(mèng)的好處，并提醒人們要讓大腦休息一下。故選A。
Passage 10
（2023·湖北襄樊）
When September cmes, the new term begins. Parents are all excited because their kids are ging back t schl. There’s nthing better than this. Lking back at the nline-class perid, what wke up the parents every mrning was nt their alarms, but their kids’ cming nline classes. Cking meals, signing-in(登陸) learning apps and handing in hmewrk pictures were daily activities fr parents t get everything ready fr kids. At the same time, the parents had t pay full attentin t their kids because there’s n difference between giving a kid an electrnic prduct and ▲ .
What a cincidence! In ancient times, the new term started arund White Dew(白露) in September, t. Peple used t have “fur big ceremnies in life” which included the ceremny f “starting schl, becming an adult , getting married and burial”. The ceremny f starting schl was a big thing. It shwed everyne’s best wishes fr a kid.
Nt every kid culd g t schl. Mst f them had t wrk. But if yu were a by, yur father culd send yu t schl. Luckily, beginning in the Han Dynasty, the schl fees(費(fèi)用) were paid by the emperr. Bys studied very hard. They went t schl every day, with n weekends, frm abut 6: 00 a. m. t abut 4:00 p. m. The schl prepared them fr the gvernment tests, and whever scred high in the tests culd get a gd jb. There weren’t any math r science lessns. The students learned hw t read, write, and paint pictures.
Educatin has played an imprtant rle in the develpment f China’s sciety. Nwadays, China has prvided nine year free educatin fr each child, and all the kids have a fair chance t enter schl.
27. Accrding t Paragraph 1, parents prbably felt ________ during the nline-class perid.
A. happyB. tiredC. relaxedD. excited
28. Which f the fllwing stries can be the best chice fr “ ▲ ”?
A. helping Yu Gng mve the muntains
B. giving Sima Guang a stne t break the vat(缸)
C. asking Kng Rng t give away the bigger pears
D. sending the Mnkey King t guard the Peach Garden(蟠桃園)
29. What des the underlined wrd “cincidence” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. 精彩B. 特殊C. 差異D. 巧合
30. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. All the kids went t schl in ancient China.
B. Kids needed t learn all the subjects in ancient times.
C. Educatin is taken seriusly frm ancient China till nw.
D. Ancient peple had a ceremny f starting schl fr girls.
【答案】27. B 28. D 29. D 30. C
【解析】本文主要介紹了中國(guó)現(xiàn)代和古代開(kāi)學(xué)都在九月，而且教育歷來(lái)備受重視。
27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Parents are all excited because their kids are ging back t schl. There’s nthing better than this. Lking back at the nline-class perid, what wke up the parents every mrning was nt their alarms, but their kids’ cming nline classes”（父母?jìng)兌己芘d奮，因?yàn)樗麄兊暮⒆右貙W(xué)校了。沒(méi)有比這更好的了?；仡櫨W(wǎng)課時(shí)期，每天早上叫醒父母的不是他們的鬧鐘，而是他們孩子即將到來(lái)的網(wǎng)課）可推知家長(zhǎng)們?cè)诤⒆泳W(wǎng)課期間很累，故選B。
28.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“At the same time, the parents had t pay full attentin t their kids because there’s n difference between giving a kid an electrnic prduct and ”可知在網(wǎng)課期間父母必須充分關(guān)注他們的孩子，因?yàn)楹⒆邮治针娮赢a(chǎn)品，一不注意就會(huì)玩電子產(chǎn)品。所以D選項(xiàng)“派美猴王去看守蟠桃園”符合，因?yàn)槊篮锿蹩词伢刺覉@一定會(huì)偷吃桃子。故選D。
29.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“When September cmes, the new term begins.”可知現(xiàn)代學(xué)生開(kāi)學(xué)時(shí)間是在九月，而古代學(xué)生的開(kāi)學(xué)也是從九月的白露開(kāi)始，所以這很巧，可推測(cè)cincidence意為“巧合”。故選D。
30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Educatin has played an imprtant rle in the develpment f China’s sciety. Nwadays, China has prvided nine year free educatin fr each child, and all the kids have a fair chance t enter schl.”和“The ceremny f starting schl was a big thing. It shwed everyne’s best wishes fr a kid.”可知從古代中國(guó)到現(xiàn)在，教育一直受到重視。故選C。
考向四 議論文
Passage 1
（摘自時(shí)文精讀）
Many f us like t watch and pst shrt vides. But can we share whatever we like, even with the wrng infrmatin?
A blgger (博主) said srry fr ne vide she psted n Feb 16. In the vide, she said that she had fund a student’s hliday wrkbk and said the student’s name was Qin Lang. Many internet users checked the student’s name, grade, and schl. They fund ut the vide might nt be real. In a new vide, the blgger claimed (聲稱(chēng)) that she had given the wrng infrmatin t prtect the student’s privacy (隱私).
Sme peple might think it’s nt a big deal if yu make a vide with the wrng infrmatin. They believe that saying srry will fix everything. But it’s nt that simple. Accrding t the Law n Penalties fr Administratin f Public Security (《治安管理處罰法》), if the vides dn’t care abut the truth and disturb (擾亂) public rder, their makers will get punished (懲罰).
It’s imprtant t be creative when peple make shrt vides. Hwever, it is nt OK t make up stries and break the law.
As early as 2000, the State Cuncil issued the Administrative Measures n Internet Infrmatin Services (《互聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息服務(wù)管理辦法》). It bans (禁止) spreading rumrs and disturbing the scial rder. If yu break the law, yu culd get in truble. Fr example, yu might get yur scial media accunt (賬戶(hù)) stpped, have t pay fines, get detained (拘留) r even g t jail (監(jiān)獄).
Eleven nline celebrities in Liangshan Yi autnmus prefecture in Sichuan were arrested (逮捕) in 2023 fr selling fake prducts in vides. They gt sentences frm 8 mnths t 3 years and 2 mnths in jail.
1. Why des the writer use the blgger’s event in Paragraph 2?
A. Because she was punished by the plice.
B. Because she shared smene’s infrmatin.
C. Because she put wrng infrmatin in her vide.
D. Because she prtected a student’s privacy.
2. What des the wrd “rumrs” mean?
A. Persnal infrmatin.
B. Creative stries.
C. Online shrt vides.
D. Stries that may nt be real.
3.Accrding t the article, what can happen if smene spreads rumrs n the internet?
A. They will be frced t aplgize publicly n scial media.
B. They might face legal actins, such as fines r imprisnment.
C. They will be asked t take educatinal curses n prper internet use.
D. Their vide cntent will be labeled as fake news with a warning.
4. What nline activities break the law, accrding t the stry?
a. Writing stries.
b. Selling fake prducts.
c. Sharing ne’s prblems.
d. Fling viewers.
A. ab B. ac C. bc D. bd
5.What is the main idea f the article?
A. Making creative and entertaining shrt vides shuld always be encuraged.
B. Spreading false infrmatin in shrt vides can lead t serius legal cnsequences.
C. Shrt vide platfrms need t implement better security measures.
D. Blggers ften pst fake stries t gain mre attentin nline.
【答案】CDBDB
【解析】1.C. 作者在第二段中使用博主的事件，是因?yàn)樗谝曨l中放了錯(cuò)誤的信息。這個(gè)例子用來(lái)闡述傳播錯(cuò)誤信息可能產(chǎn)生的后果。雖然博主聲稱(chēng)她散布錯(cuò)誤信息是為了保護(hù)學(xué)生隱私，但文章關(guān)注點(diǎn)在于錯(cuò)誤信息的傳播，而不是其動(dòng)機(jī)或被警方處罰。
2.D. “rumrs”（謠言）的意思是可能并不真實(shí)的故事。在第四段中，“rumrs”與擾亂社會(huì)秩序一并被提及，暗示謠言往往不是基于事實(shí)的故事。
3.B 據(jù)文章所述，如果有人在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上散布謠言，他們可能會(huì)面臨法律行動(dòng)，比如被罰款或者坐牢。在第四段描述了《互聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息服務(wù)管理辦法》中對(duì)散布謠言的規(guī)定和潛在的法律后果。
4.D. bd根據(jù)故事，違法的在線活動(dòng)包括b. 銷(xiāo)售假冒產(chǎn)品和d. 愚弄觀眾。文章中提到的博主因在視頻中放入錯(cuò)誤信息而向觀眾道歉，并且也提到了網(wǎng)絡(luò)名人因在視頻中銷(xiāo)售假冒產(chǎn)品而被逮捕。這些都是違反法律的行為，而不是a.編寫(xiě)故事或c.分享個(gè)人問(wèn)題。
5.B.文章的主旨是傳播短視頻中的錯(cuò)誤信息可能導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的法律后果。全文通過(guò)提供實(shí)例（比如一位博主不小心傳播錯(cuò)誤信息并道歉的事件，以及十一位因售賣(mài)假冒產(chǎn)品而被逮捕的網(wǎng)絡(luò)名人），闡釋了虛假信息對(duì)公共秩序的擾亂，以及相關(guān)的法律規(guī)定和潛在后果。這表明雖然創(chuàng)意是重要的，但制作短視頻時(shí)必須遵守法律規(guī)定，不可編造故事。
Passage 2
（摘自時(shí)文精讀）
AI-generated cntent has recently wn big in the literary wrld. Japanese authr Rie Kudan (九段理江) wn ne f Japan’s mst famus literary awards, the Akutagawa Prize (芥川獎(jiǎng)), with the help f ChatGPT in The Tky Twer f Sympathy (《東京都同情塔).
The bk is set in future Japan, where AI has becme an imprtant part f peple’s lives. The stry centers arund an architect wh creates a cmfrtable prisn but struggles with a sciety that she sees as being verly sympathetic (同情的) t criminals.
Kudan admitted at a news cnference that “arund 5 percent f the bk’s text was taken directly frm generative AI,” reprted Kyd News. She added that there is a scene in the bk where an AI chatbt answers the prtagnist’s questins and she used AI-generated text in the respnses given by AI in the stry. The wrd-fr-wrd cntent generated by AI was lauded (稱(chēng)贊) by cmmittee members as “practically flawless (完美的)”. This is nt the first time that AI-related wrks have wn prizes. In Octber 2023, The Land f Machine Memries (《機(jī)憶之地》) was awarded secnd prize at China’s fifth yuth ppular science and science fictin cmpetitin. The fictin was fully created by AI with the prmpts (提示) given by Shen Yang, a prfessr at Tsinghua University. Surprisingly, just ne judge amng the six f the cmpetitin realized that what they were reading was the prduct f a machine.
S will literature in the future be all abut AI? Debates are still nging n the matter. Japanese literary critic Akira Okawada tld Tyd News that “it is difficult fr AI t ... create wrk that addresses ethical themes in-depth”.
Hwever, Chinese writer Lu Ping hlds the ppsite view. “Imprvements in technlgy will nt cause human laziness in creating, but rather will nly make them invlved in mre heated cmpetitin. With the help f technlgy, the starting pint f human thinking will nly grw higher.”.
“I think this is nly the beginning fr AI in creating literature,” Fu Changyi, a member f the Jiangsu Ppular Science Writers Assciatin, added. “We will wait and see hw the future ges,”.
1.Hw did the cmmittee respnd t the AI-generated cntent in The Tky Twer f Sympathy?
A. They criticized it fr ethical cncerns.
B. They were cnfused by the AI’s writing style.
C. They praised it as “practically flawless.”
D. They disapprved f its use in literature.
2.What was a unique aspect f the fictin The Land f Machine Memries?
A. It was the first bk t win a prize using AI.
B. All judges realized it was created by an AI.
C. It was written entirely by an AI based n prmpts.
D. It criticized the veruse f AI in daily life.
3. Accrding t Akira Okawada, what is a challenge fr AI in literature?
A. AI-generated stries are t simplistic.
B. AI cannt deeply address ethical themes.
C. AI will vershadw human writers.
D. AI writing cannt be classified as literature.
4.What des Lu Ping suggest abut the rle f technlgy in literary creatin?
A. It will make humans lazy in creating.
B. It will reduce the cmpetitin amng writers.
C. It will lead t mre intense cmpetitin and higher thinking.
D. It will eventually take ver the literary wrld entirely.
5.What is the main idea f the article?
A. AI-generated cntent is being criticized in the literary wrld.
B. AI has started t play a significant rle in winning literary awards.
C. All future literature will slely be created by AI withut human input.
D. AI-generated cntent has been banned frm literary cmpetitins.
【答案】CCBCB
【解析】AI創(chuàng)作內(nèi)容在文學(xué)界嶄露頭角，日本作家九段理江憑借ChatGPT協(xié)助完成的《東京都同情塔》，榮獲芥川獎(jiǎng)。故事設(shè)定在未來(lái)的日本，AI深入人類(lèi)生活，敘述一位建筑師如何在同情罪犯的社會(huì)中掙扎。九段理江承認(rèn)書(shū)中約5%的文本直接來(lái)自AI生成，引發(fā)文學(xué)界對(duì)AI與未來(lái)文學(xué)創(chuàng)作關(guān)系的廣泛討論。
1.C。委員會(huì)對(duì)《東京都同情塔》中AI生成的內(nèi)容表示贊揚(yáng)，稱(chēng)之為“幾乎完美”。
2.C。獨(dú)特之處在于該小說(shuō)完全由AI創(chuàng)作，通過(guò)由清華大學(xué)教授沈陽(yáng)給出的提示生成。
3. B。解析：日本文學(xué)評(píng)論家Akira Okawada認(rèn)為AI在文學(xué)創(chuàng)作中的挑戰(zhàn)是“AI很難……深度地討論到倫理主題”。
4.C。解析：中國(guó)作家羅平認(rèn)為，技術(shù)的提升不會(huì)導(dǎo)致人類(lèi)在創(chuàng)作中變得懶惰，相反，只會(huì)讓他們參與到更激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中。有了技術(shù)的幫助，人類(lèi)思考的起點(diǎn)只會(huì)變得更高。
5.B。解析：本文主要介紹了AI生成內(nèi)容在文學(xué)界開(kāi)始扮演重要角色，并在獲得文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)方面發(fā)揮了顯著作用。
Passage 3
（2023·廣州）
Cmputer scientist Mary has an idea fr a new rbt t help her wrk with children. Hw shuld it lk? The rbt shuld have arms t be able t lift things. And if it is ging t cmmunicate with peple, it will als need a face. Scientists believe that giving a rbt a face can make it seem mre friendly. Humans wuld als like t pay mre attentin t rbts with faces. But what kind?
Fr Mary, she wants t make sure that her new rbt desn’t lk t much like a human. She wants peple t just treat it as a machine-persn. If it lks mre like a human than a machine, she thinks users might find it a bit creepy and feel afraid. Mary als believes that rbt faces dn’t need t lk a lt like urs. Her research shws that we can enjy cmmunicating with rbts whether r nt they lk like humans, because ur brains are able t lk fr faces. Just put tw circles n tp f a rbt’s bdy, and we will see a face.
Dave feels differently. He believes that althugh at first we might be afraid when seeing a rbt with a lifelike face, we may sn get used t it. If rbts are ging t wrk clsely with humans, they shuld lk as much like us as pssible. After all, faces are an imprtant part f the way we cmmunicate.
T make his rbts lk as much like real peple as pssible, Dave invented a special skin (皮膚) fr their faces. With this skin, rbts can shw human-like expressins and appear t be angry, sad, happy r surprised. Dave’s rbts are als prgrammed t cpy expressins. Hw? Just imagine his rbt is lking at yu. The cameras in its eyes send pictures f yur face t its central cmputer!
33. Why d scientists think a rbt needs a face?
A. It will becme mre beautiful.B. It can d better in lifting things.
C. It will pay mre attentin t children.D. It can better cmmunicate with peple.
34. What des the underlined wrd “creepy” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Uncmfrtable t lk at.B. Impssible t tuch.
C. Bring t talk t.D. Difficult t understand.
35. Which f the fllwing wuld Dave mst prbably agree with?
A. Peple shuld treat rbts as humans.
B. Rbts need t express their wn feelings.
C. Rbts shuldn't lk t much like humans.
D. Peple can easily accept rbts with a human face.
36. What is the purpse f the passage?
A. T explain the reasns why rbts shuld have faces.
B. T suggest what humans can d with rbts with faces.
C. T share ideas n what kind f faces rbts shuld have.
D. T shw hw scientists invent rbts with different faces.
【答案】33. D 34. A 35. D 36. C
【解析】本文主要介紹兩個(gè)人對(duì)機(jī)器人是否要有人形臉持有的不同看法。
33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“And if it is ging t cmmunicate with peple, it will als need a face.”可知要與人交流，故需要臉。故選D。
34.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“If it lks mre like a human than a machine, she thinks users might find it a bit creepy and feel afraid.”可知?jiǎng)澗€詞與“feel afraid”并列，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)是“看著不舒服”。故選A。
35.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“He believes that althugh at first we might be afraid when seeing a rbt with a lifelike face, we may sn get used t it.”可知盡管機(jī)器人有人形臉可能一開(kāi)始看起來(lái)令人害怕，但是我們會(huì)很快適應(yīng)，說(shuō)明人們能輕松地接受人形臉的機(jī)器人。故選D。
36.主旨大意題。本文主要討論機(jī)器人需要什么臉型，C項(xiàng)符合。故選C。
Passage 4
（2023·江蘇蘇州）
Teenagers need eight t ten hurs f sleep per night. Hwever, in adlescence (青春期) changes t the bdy’s sleep cycle make it difficult fr teens t fall asleep early. Many cannt fall asleep until 10:30 p.m. r even later and mst f them will feel sleepy if they have t get up t early.
Scientists recmmend that bth middle and high schls begin n earlier than 8:30 a.m. Later schl start times supprt the natural needs f teenagers and increase their sleeping time.
Here are sme ther benefits f later schl start times:
Mre time fr a healthy breakfast
When running late in the mrnings, students are likely t g withut breakfast. With an empty stmach, ne finds it difficult t fcus (集中) in class. When they are always in a hurry, students may frm unhealthy eating habits.
With extra time befre ging t schl, students can eat a well-balanced breakfast and fcus mre n learning.
Fewer behaviral (行為) prblems
Teens experience md changes as a cmmn result f this special perid f life. Less sleep may cause wrries, stress and unhappiness.
When they get enugh sleep, students are calm and peaceful and their mds d nt change suddenly. They’re less likely t feel wrried, unhappy r get angry. Fr parents, children with mre sleep are easier t live with.
Better perfrmance (表現(xiàn)) in study
Sleep lss hurts attentin, memry and brain develpment. Students with less sleep have difficulty paying attentin in class and are likely t have lwer grades. Students with enugh sleep can be mre energetic during the day and mre willing t learn. They are als less likely t fall asleep in class and mre able t understand what they learn.
In cnclusin, starting schl later helps students get a better night’s sleep. It imprves their chances f eating, behaving and perfrming better.
18. Accrding t the passage, what may cause teenagers t stay up?
A. Their lw grades.B. Their empty stmachs.
C. Their bdy’s sleep cycle.D. Their heavy hmewrk.
19. Hw can sleep lss influence students’ study?
A. It gives them much energy.B. It des harm t the brain.
C. It saves mre time fr study.D. It imprves their memry.
20. What’s the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A. T explain reasns fr students’ stress.
B. T describe bad habits caused by sleep lss.
C. T discuss scientists’ research n healthy fd.
D. T intrduce benefits f later schl start times.
21. In which part f the website can yu prbably find this passage?
A. Educatin.B. Fashin.C. Sprts.D. Technlgy.
【答案】18. C 19. B 20. D 21. A
【解析】本文講述了推遲學(xué)生上學(xué)時(shí)間的一些好處。
18.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Hwever, in adlescence changes t the bdy’s sleep cycle make it difficult fr teens t fall asleep early.”可知青少年身體睡眠周期的變化是他們難以入睡。故選C。
19.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Sleep lss hurts attentin, memry and brain develpment. Students with less sleep have difficulty paying attentin in class and are likely t have lwer grades.”可知睡眠不足會(huì)影響大腦發(fā)育。故選B。
20.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“In cnclusin, starting schl later helps students get a better night’s sleep. It imprves their chances f eating, behaving and perfrming better.”可知本文講述了推遲學(xué)生上學(xué)時(shí)間的一些好處。故選D。
21.推理判斷題。通讀全文可知本文講述了推遲學(xué)生上學(xué)時(shí)間的一些好處，是關(guān)于學(xué)生教育的，最有可能在“教育網(wǎng)站”看到這篇文章。故選A。
Passage 5
（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江）
Bicycles have lng been a kind f transprt in China. In the past, nly a small grup f peple thught cycling a sprt. Nw mre and mre peple discver the jy f it.
________ Riders share their favurite rutes and health tips abut cycling n sme apps like Xiahngshu r Sina Weib. On Xiahngshu, there are mre than 2.5 millin psts (帖子) abut cycling, and n Weib, the tpic abut cycling has been viewed mre than 700 millin times. A bicycle cmpany says the sales in ne f its stres rse 20% t 30%, cmpared t the same perid a year earlier. Cycling activities are als welcmed. Accrding t the Chinese Cycling Assciatin, at least 20 millin peple have jined in the sprt.
Peple turn t cycling as mre peple care abut their health and their demand fr utdr exercise becmes strnger. Fr peple wh have begun cycling, the sprt seems t prvide a gd way t run away frm the busy city life. It als gives them a strnger sense f being part f the natural envirnment. Thugh the sprt cycling smetimes csts a lt, many cyclists think spending mney n their wn bdies is mre valuable than n ther items. Mre peple take part in cycling as cities in China are als planning t build mre cycle-nly lanes (車(chē)道). Several years ag, Beijing started building the city’s first cycle-nly lane. Since its pening, the lane has seen a larger daily traffic flw. Such lanes are als being built in sme ther cities.
29. Which f the fllwing sentences is the mst suitable fr the blank (空格) in Paragraph 2?
A. Cycling has a lng histry.B. Cycling becmes a ht tpic.
C. Cycling csts a lt f mney.D. Cycling brings several advantages.
30. The underlined wrd “demand” in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A. needB. planC. designD. talent
31. What’s the purpse f this passage?
A. It advises cities t build cycling lanes.
B. It shws the sales f cycling are ging up.
C. It intrduces cycling is becming ppular.
D. It recmmends gd cycling rutes t peple.
【答案】29 B 30. A 31. C
【解析】本文主要介紹了隨著越來(lái)越多的人關(guān)心自己的健康，他們對(duì)戶(hù)外運(yùn)動(dòng)的需求也越來(lái)越強(qiáng)烈，人們開(kāi)始騎自行車(chē)，騎自行車(chē)變得越來(lái)越受歡迎。
29.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“On Xiahngshu, there are mre than 2.5 millin psts (帖子) abut cycling...”可知本段主要介紹了騎自行車(chē)非常受歡迎，選項(xiàng)B“騎自行車(chē)成熱門(mén)話題”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。
30.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Peple turn t cycling as mre peple care abut their health and their demand fr utdr exercise becmes strnger”可知隨著越來(lái)越多的人關(guān)心自己的健康，他們對(duì)戶(hù)外運(yùn)動(dòng)的需求也越來(lái)越強(qiáng)烈，人們開(kāi)始騎自行車(chē)，故此處劃線部分意為“需求”，和need意義相近。故選A。
31.主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了隨著越來(lái)越多的人關(guān)心自己的健康，他們對(duì)戶(hù)外運(yùn)動(dòng)的需求也越來(lái)越強(qiáng)烈，人們開(kāi)始騎自行車(chē)，騎自行車(chē)變得越來(lái)越受歡迎。故選C。
Passage 6
（2023·浙江嘉興）
Rger Federer, a wrld-famus sprts star, quit(放棄) the 2020 Olympic Games t deal with his knee prblem. It was a hard decisin because n ne wanted t be a quitter. But finding the curage t let g can be gd fr yu.
Nthing is fun all the time. Sticking at smething difficult teaches us imprtant skills like perseverance(毅力). Hwever, learning t let g when things aren’t right is imprtant t. Maybe yur heart isn’t in playing the pian any mre, r yu nly play ftball because yur friends d and yu want t try a different sprt instead. Making the decisin t walk away can free up time and energy t spend n smething yu really enjy. In fact, studies shw that letting g f gals yu can’t reach, r dn’t really want, can build up yur cnfidence and help yu lead a happier and healthier life.
But hw can yu knw it’s time t stp and mve n? Eric Bean is an expert in sprts psychlgy(心理學(xué)) wh helps athletes and teams understand their feelings. He says, “Quitting is never a matter f black and white.” He suggests thinking carefully abut why yu aren’t enjying smething any mre. Is it because yu’ve argued with a teammate r can’t get n with a new art teacher? Talk abut this with a trusted adult r friend. That can help yu decide whether yu shuld stay and stick, r quit and mve n.
Quitting desn’t have t mean ttally giving up, thugh. Fr example, playing an instrument might be mre fun if yu take away the pressure f exams. If yu d decide t give up an activity, Bean suggests picking up anther where yu can still enjy things like teamwrk, creativity, and exercise.
27. The writer mentins “Rger Federer” in Paragraph 1 t shw that ________.
A we shuld never give upB. we shuld get away frm truble
C. it’s all right t stp and quitD. it’s difficult t win Olympic medals
28. Accrding t Paragraph 2, learning t let g is imprtant because we can ________.
A. learn abut perseveranceB. have enugh mney t spend
C. live a busier and fuller lifeD. feel mre cnfident in urselves
29. By saying the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3, Eric Bean means that ________.
A. it’s nt gd t stick at things we dn’t like
B. we shuld think twice befre quitting an activity
C. we dn’t have t take exams t shw ur true abilities
D. it’s wiser t pick up a new hbby than t keep the ld ne
30. Which culd be the best title fr the passage?
A. Knwing When t StpB. Wrking Hard t Mve n
C. Learning Hw t Grw upD. Starting Early t Make Changes
【答案】27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A
【解析】本文主要講述了人們應(yīng)該知道何時(shí)停止。
27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“But finding the curage t let g can be gd fr yu.”以及“In fact, studies shw that letting g f gals yu can’t reach, r dn’t really want, can build up yur cnfidence and help yu lead a happier and healthier life.”可知，以“Rger Federer”為例是為了說(shuō)明有時(shí)放棄也是好的，故選C。
28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In fact, studies shw that letting g f gals yu can’t reach, r dn’t really want, can build up yur cnfidence and help yu lead a happier and healthier life.”可知，放棄你無(wú)法達(dá)到的目標(biāo)，或者你不想要的目標(biāo)，可以建立你的信心，幫助你過(guò)上更快樂(lè)、更健康的生活。故選D。
29.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“He suggests thinking carefully abut why yu aren’t enjying smething any mre.”可知，他建議仔細(xì)思考為什么不再享受某件事，也就是建議人們?nèi)级?，故選B。
30.最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)“Quitting desn’t have t mean ttally giving up, thugh.”和“But hw can yu knw it’s time t stp and mve n?”可知，本文主要講述了人們應(yīng)該知道何時(shí)停止，故選A。
Passage 7
（2023·浙江寧波）
①Have yu ever thught abut what’s mre imprtant, lking fashinable r feeling cmfrtable? Yu might have nticed many peple chsing style ver cmfrt and sme even g t extremes（極端）t fllw fashin. But we shuld remember: being fashinable isn’t everything. It’s mre imprtant t be healthy.
②Sme peple believe that they need t be a certain size t lk gd. S, they start extreme diets（日常飲食）that are nt gd fr their health. They might nt eat meals r eat t little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way t live?
③Als, many girls wear shes with very high heels. They might think high heels make them lk taller. But these shes can actually hurt their feet and make it hard t walk cmfrtably, and it can increase risks f falls. Sme even wear tight（緊的）clthes that influence bld circulatin（循環(huán)）making it hard t breathe. Shuld we put fashin ver cmfrt and physical health?
④Besides, sme bys and girls spend a lt f time and mney changing their hair clr. The material they use is usually harmful t their health. T make their hair straight r curly, they als use tls that are ht enugh t burn their hair. But using these tls t ften r at very high temperatures can make the hair dry r even burnt. Is it really wrth it t risk ur health, spending s much time and mney?
⑤S, let’s rethink what’s really imprtant. Is it fashin r is it ur well-being? Clthes r hairstyles dn’t tell us anything abut a persn’s character. Instead f spending a lt f time chsing clthes, we culd use that time t d fun things with friends. And instead f fllwing extreme diets, let’s eat prperly and exercise regularly. Remember, yur wrth is nt decided by yur appearance, but by wh yu are as a persn.
23. Why d sme peple g n extreme diets accrding t the passage?
A. Because the diets are healthy.B. Because they just want t lk gd.
C. Because they want t save time.D. Because they want t save mney.
24. What is the writer’s purpse f using a questin in each paragraph?
A. T ask fr help frm readers.B. T tell hw t spend time and mney.
C. T describe the latest fashin.D. T lead readers t think abut the tpic.
25. What des the underlined wrd “well-being” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Grwth.B. Health.C. Warmth.D. Wealth.
26. Which f the fllwing best shws the structure f the passage?
A. B. C. D.
【答案】23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A
【解析】本文主要介紹了當(dāng)今人們?yōu)榱俗非髸r(shí)尚過(guò)一種不健康的生活方式，個(gè)人的價(jià)值不是由你的外表決定的，而是由你這個(gè)人決定的。健康的生活才是最重要的。
23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Sme peple believe that they need t be a certain size t lk gd. S, they start extreme diets（日常飲食）that are nt gd fr their health.”可知，因?yàn)樗麄兿肟雌饋?lái)好看，故選B。
24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“It’s mre imprtant t be healthy”以及每一段的問(wèn)題可知，作者提出這些問(wèn)題是為了讓讀者思考“健康才是更重要的”這個(gè)主題，故選D。
25.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Is it a healthy way t live” “Shuld we put fashin ver cmfrt and physical health”及“Is it really wrth it t risk ur health, spending s much time and mney”可知，作者提出的每個(gè)觀點(diǎn)都是圍繞“健康”和“時(shí)尚”哪一個(gè)更重要，所以劃線單詞與health同義，故選B。
26.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段引出本文的主題，第二段到第四段介紹人們?yōu)榱俗非髸r(shí)尚的一些不健康生活方式；第五段是總結(jié)，故選A。
Passage 8
（2023·浙江臺(tái)州）
The race is n t get mre electric cars n the rad. Peple predict that electric cars might be mre cmmn in the future. But accrding t a 2021 survey by Pew Research Center, mre than half f U, S, adults like gas-pwered cars better. They say electric cars are expensive and charging (充電) them is a big prblem. Fr nw, mst peple plan t stick with gas-pwered cars. We ask yung readers what they think abut electric cars.
27. Over half f the American adults agree that electric cars ________ accrding t the survey.
A. have n prblem in chargingB. are bad fr the envirnment
C. are expensive and less cnvenientD. can wrk better in cld weather
28. The underlined wrd “pricey” prbably means “________”.
A. fastB. slwC. cheapD. expensive
29. Sandy develps her idea mainly by ________.
A. telling striesB. listing factsC. asking questinsD. using sayings
30. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage?
A. Shuld all cars be electric?
B. Will cars be cmmn in the future?
C. Can electric cars help slw climate change?
D. Are gas-pwered cars bad fr the envirnment?
【答案】27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A
【解析】本文主要介紹了兩個(gè)學(xué)生對(duì)于電動(dòng)汽車(chē)的看法。
27.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“They say electric cars are expensive and charging (充電) them is a big prblem”可知超過(guò)一半的美國(guó)成年人認(rèn)為電動(dòng)汽車(chē)很貴而且充電是一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。故選C。
28.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Sme peple think electric cars are pricey. But their prices are cming dwn”可知轉(zhuǎn)折詞前表示電動(dòng)汽車(chē)的價(jià)格很高，故劃線部分意為“昂貴的”。故選D。
29.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“charging statins are less cmmn than gas statins...”可知Sandy通過(guò)列舉了一些事實(shí)信息介紹自己的看法。故選B。
30.最佳標(biāo)題題。本文主要介紹了兩個(gè)學(xué)生對(duì)于電動(dòng)汽車(chē)的看法，故以選項(xiàng)A“所有的汽車(chē)都應(yīng)該是電動(dòng)的嗎”為標(biāo)題最合適。故選A。
Passage 9
（2023·北京）
When cnsidering the kind f experience that makes life better, mst peple first think that happiness depends n experiencing pleasure: gd fd, gd jbs, all the cmfrts that mney can buy. If we culdn’t have these, we might as well sit in frnt f the televisin n a quiet evening.
Pleasure is an imprtant part f the quality f life, but by itself it desn’t bring happiness. When peple think further abut what makes a wrthy life, they tend (傾向于) t mve beynd pleasant memries and begin t remember ther events, ther experiences that verlap (有重疊) pleasurable nes but fall int a grup with a separate name: enjyment. Enjyable events take place when peple have nt nly satisfied a need r met sme earlier expectatin, but als achieved smething unexpected.
Enjyment is characterized by a sense f curisity, f achievement. Playing a tennis game that imprves ne’s ability is enjyable, as is reading a bk that shws things in a new light, as is having a cnversatin that leads us t express ideas we didn’t knw we had. Nne f these experiences may be especially pleasurable when they are taking place, but when we think back n them afterwards, we wuld say, “That really was fun” and wish they wuld happen again. After an enjyable event we knw that we have changed, and grwn.
Experiences that give pleasure can als give enjyment, but the tw feelings are quite different. Fr example, everybdy takes pleasure in eating. Hwever, t enjys fd is mre difficult — yu have t pay enugh attentin t a meal, s as t sense and tell its varius tastes. As this example suggests, we can experience pleasure withut any psychic energy, while enjyment happens nly as a result f full attentin. A persn can feel pleasure withut any effrt, as lng as certain parts in his brain are stimulated (刺激). But it’s impssible t enjy a tennis game r a bk withut full attentin. It’s fr this reasn that pleasure des nt last lng, nr des it make us grw. Grwth requires full attentin t gals that are new, that are relatively challenging.
Withut enjyment, life will g n, and it can even be pleasant. But it depends heavily n luck and the external (外部的) envirnment. T achieve persnal cntrl ver the quality f experience, hwever, we need t learn hw t build enjyment int what happens day in, day ut.
30. Yu will mst prbably experience enjyment when yu ________.
A. buy expensive shesB. rder a delicius meal
C. talk with friends fr new ideasD. sit quietly in frnt f a televisin
31. What d yu knw abut pleasure and enjyment frm the passage?
A. Enjyment grws ut f pleasure.
B. Pleasure and enjyment cme hand in hand.
C. Pleasurable experiences are part f enjyable nes.
D. Sme experiences prvide bth pleasure and enjyment.
32. The wrds “psychic energy” in Paragraph 4 are clsest in meaning t ________.
A. attentinB. interestC. abilityD. knwledge
33. The writer prbably agrees that ________.
A. feeling pleasure stps peple frm achieving grwth
B. feeling enjyment cmes with achieving grwth
C. a wrthy life depends n luck and envirnment
D. pleasure is the key t a happy and wrthy life
【答案】30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B
【解析】本文主要講述了快樂(lè)和享受的聯(lián)系和對(duì)比。
30.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Playing a tennis game that imprves ne’s ability is enjyable, as is reading a bk that shws things in a new light, as is having a cnversatin that leads us t express ideas we didn’t knw we had.”可知打一場(chǎng)能提高一個(gè)人能力的網(wǎng)球是令人愉快的，就像讀一本從新的角度看待事物的書(shū)一樣，就像進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)能讓我們表達(dá)自己不知道自己擁有的想法的談話一樣。由此推出當(dāng)你和朋友談?wù)撔孪敕〞r(shí)，你很可能會(huì)體驗(yàn)到樂(lè)趣。故選C。
31.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Experiences that give pleasure can als give enjyment, but the tw feelings are quite different.”可知有些經(jīng)歷既能帶來(lái)愉悅，又能帶來(lái)享受。故選D。
32.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“As this example suggests, we can experience pleasure withut any psychic energy, while enjyment happens nly as a result f full attentin.”可知正如這個(gè)例子所表明的，我們可以在沒(méi)有任何精神能量的情況下體驗(yàn)快樂(lè)，而享受只有在全神貫注的情況下才會(huì)發(fā)生。psychic energy與attentin意思相近。故選A。
33.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)“Enjyment is characterized by a sense f curisity, f achievement.”以及“Grwth requires full attentin t gals that are new, that are relatively challenging.”可知作者會(huì)贊成“感到快樂(lè)與得到成長(zhǎng)是相輔相成的”這一觀點(diǎn)。故選B。
Passage 10
（2023·江蘇徐州）
Free time is a gd chance fr teenagers t have fun. What abut free time with parents arund? Sme teenagers want free play withut parents’ supervisin(監(jiān)管) while parents and experts(專(zhuān)家) may think differently.
Lin Ta, a middle schl student, thinks teenagers shuld be free t play. “Last time I played with my parents arund, I was nervus and just culdn’t enjy myself t the fullest,” Lin says. “And my friend Chen Xiaxin has similar experiences. Once, he went ut t play with his classmates. Everyne felt uncmfrtable with his mther’s supervisin.”
Wang Min, a mther f a 14-year-ld by, thinks playtime needs supervisin. She explains, “Peple usually say I like t cntrl my kid, but that’s nt true. I am just wrried that he will get int truble. Sme guys may have a bad influence n him and sme games like LARP(劇本殺) may mislead him. He might even get indulged in the stries and can’t get back t real life.
Mr. Ma, a dctr f scial studies, says it’s understandable fr teenagers t wish fr freedm. Free play helps them t be independent. Parents can give them mre space. They dn’t have t supervise them all the time. Hwever, teenagers shuld find ut the exact details(細(xì)節(jié)) abut the activities befre playtime. Then they can cmmunicate with their parents and decide tgether whether they can g ut t play alne.
1. Accrding t the passage, free time is a gd chance fr teenagers t ________.
A. study hardB. have funC. get int trubleD. mislead parents
2. Lin Ta supprts his wn idea by ________.
A. listing numbersB. raising questinsC. cmparing factsD. giving examples
3. The underlined wrds “get indulged in” in Para.(段落)3 prbably mean ________.
A. get lst inB. get interested inC. be tired fD. be prud f
4. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing may Mr. Ma supprt?
A. He Kai’s parents are arund every time he plays with his friends.
B. Feng Zhngfan’s parents never ask him abut whm he plays with.
C. Liu Xiang ges ut withut knwing anything abut the activities.
D. Xie Ha talks t his parents abut the exact details befre playtime.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D
【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，就青少年空閑時(shí)間是否需要家長(zhǎng)監(jiān)督進(jìn)行討論，給出了幾個(gè)學(xué)生的看法以及專(zhuān)家的建議。
1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Free time is a gd chance fr teenagers t have fun.”可知，空閑時(shí)間是青少年玩樂(lè)的好機(jī)會(huì)。故選B。
2.推理判斷題。分析第二段內(nèi)容可知，林濤用自己和同學(xué)的例子支持自己的觀點(diǎn)，故選D。
3.詞句猜測(cè)題。分析“Sme guys may have a bad influence n him and sme games like LARP(劇本殺) may mislead him. He might even get indulged in the stries and can’t get back t real life.”可知，有些人可能對(duì)他有不良影響，比如劇本殺，可能會(huì)讓孩子們無(wú)法回到現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，所以此處 get indulged in的意思是“沉迷，迷失”，故選A。
4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Hwever, teenagers shuld find ut the exact details(細(xì)節(jié)) abut the activities befre playtime. Then they can cmmunicate with their parents and decide tgether whether they can g ut t play alne.”可知，馬博士認(rèn)為青少年應(yīng)該在游戲前弄清活動(dòng)的具體細(xì)節(jié)，然后他們可以和父母交流，一起決定他們是否可以單獨(dú)出去玩。選項(xiàng)D“謝浩在游戲前會(huì)和父母談?wù)撚螒虻木唧w細(xì)節(jié)”符合，故選D。
My friend keeps cpying my lk, but I like lking special.
What shuld I d?—Ann
The imprtant thing is t tell yur friend the truth withut hurting her feelings. T d that, yu can talk t her using kind wrds and nt feeling angry. Yu can ffer her yur advice n ppular dressing r even suggest wearing clthes that g tgether. This way yu’ll still lk like each ther, but nt twins!
My rm is always messy.
N matter what I d, I can’t keep it clean!—Mike
Here are sme great ways t make yur rm a bit tidier. Start by picking up things yu dn’t use r want anymre. Yu can give them away t thse in need. Less things means less mess! Then, try t make it a habit t put away things after yu use them. Dne with yur sprts shes fr the day? Back where they shuld be. Finally, set a timer fr five minutes each night t clean any mess!
I’m sad because I have t g t a summer camp.
I just want t have a summer like my friends. Help me ut!—Jessie
We’re srry yu’re feeling this way! The best thing t d is t lk at things n the bright side. There, a new grup f kids will becme yur friends. They’ll knw exactly hw yu feel and help yu. What’s mre, ging t a summer camp desn’t mean a terrible summer. Yu’ll still have fun in the sun with yur friends. The nly questin is, what are yu guys ging t d tgether?
Bks f the Week
※ Laurence in Hpeland
— by Wiltn Smith
Laurence is a by frm Hpeland, a place with magic. He lives with his parents and belved grandpa. One day when he can’t find his grandpa wh has magic pwers, Laurence teams up with his uncle t find ut the truth.
※ Gavin Talks t Birds
— by Wayae Abel
When 10-year-ld Gavin jins a team f superheres, he finds he has an unusual ability: he can talk t birds. Nw a whle wrld has pened up t him, but can he use his new abilities t help save the birds’ wrld?
※ Life f Drthy
— by Nelsn Arthur
After meeting a stranger, Drthy finds herself in a place with deep mystery. She is nw meeting with many strange things, frm sme sudden accidents t lsing her friend’s pet pig. The ups and dwns f the stry will keep yu laughing frm beginning t end.
※ The Last f Drumfield
— by Grgeus Mrgan
It’s abut Ella wh has gt a bk frm her aunt. When she is reading the bk with her gd friend, they drp int the bk and are taken t a fairytale (童話的) wrld. And they have t find a way back.
I like ging t stres, but hw d yu knw if a stre has what yu want? The great thing abut shpping nline is saving time! There are s many chices, and it desn’t take much time t find what yu want! (Jake, Sydney, Australia)
The first time I bught smething nline, I was a little nervus. I didn’t knw hw they were ging t ship it. But it arrived OK. Nw the nly prblem is that I d t much shpping nline. And because I dn’t have t g ut much anymre, I’m nt very fit! (Mari, Lima, Peru)
I wanted t buy a new pair f sunglasses, but I was t busy t g t the stres in the city center. S I decided t rder them nline. They arrived quickly, but they were brken and the case lked used! S I had t g t the stre t change them. What a waste f time! (Try, Jersey City, USA)
I bught a lt f electrnics nline last year, and everything was a gd deal. The prblem is that smene stle my credit card (信用卡) infrmatin and went shpping. My advice is: Be very careful when yu shp nline! (Eric, Ottawa, Canada)
I buy all my things nline-it’s s cl! I never have t g t the mall r wait in line t pay. And I dn’t have t g arund t different stres t cmpare prices. The nly prblem is that I usually spend t much mney! I’m brke! (Nancy, Seattle, USA)
What was yur favrite subject in schl?
Histry. I really lved studying different time perids, cuntries and cultures. I still lve t read histry bks; travel when pssible; watch the Histry Channel.
—Kristin Singer
Art. I was shy and quiet, and I culd express my feelings thrugh my artwrk. It helped t build my self-cnfidence.
—Blair C. Wilke
Histry/scial studies. A great teacher gt me thinking abut the rle that each f us plays in sciety and hw we can change the curse f histry.
—Richard Gldman
English. It created a lve f bks and writing in me. Being able t write beautiful wrds fr thers t read is real magic.
—Tammy Bnd
Math. Sme f the greatest life lessns I ever learned were in math. And then I decided I’d be a math teacher.
—Teri Bench
Tp Answers
Science 25%
Math 18%
Histry/scial studies 17%
English 14%
Other (includes music, art, etc.) 26%
What yur favrite subject says abut yu
Science: Yu are highly curius. Yu try t understand things by studying them carefully. Yu wisely cnnect ideas r reasns.
Art: Yu are always lking fr the bright side, even in the darkest situatins, and ften see the bigger picture.
Histry: Yu seem t remember everything. Yu are wise, humrus and hardwrking.
Math: Yu’re well rganized, seldm late and very strict. Yu can tell what things will be like.
English: Yu are creative and pen-minded. Yu lve t explre in yur wn mind.
Grammarly is great fr checking spelling, grammar, punctuatin (標(biāo)點(diǎn)) and ther kinds f mistakes. Type yur message and then Grammarly will check if there is a mistake. Next, the app will shw yu hw t fix the mistake and why it is wrng. If yu want t find sme gd synnyms (近義詞) fr yur wrds, Grammarly can als help.
Hw can we exercise by urselves safely? The app Fitbd can shw yu hw t exercise crrectly with clear and easy vides. If yu have n equipment (器材), Fitbd can shw yu hw t d simple exercises with just yur bdy. Fitbd can change t meet yur needs after each exercise. If sme f yur muscles (肌肉) are tired, the app will fcus n thers.
D yu always want t use a calculatr t help slve math prblems? Nw there is an app that des even mre fr yu than calculatrs. This app is called Mathway. It can shw yu hw t slve difficult math prblems. Even better, the app can explain each step fr slving math prblems. This way, yu can understand hw t slve a math prblem.
Schl, studies, family—we have s many things t d! Hw can we manage ur tasks? Wat can help us! It help us srt ut what is imprtant r urgent (緊急的) by using its clrful faces. A big red face means a task is really imprtant. A small, happy yellw face means we can take ur time. Let’s use this app t rganize yur tasks in a fun way.
Six Hurs Free Parking
If yu spend $ 100 r mre in ur stres yu will receive six hurs f free parking. When yu have spent $100 r mre, just take this cupn and yur receipt t the custmer service desk n level 4. They will stamp yur parking ticket t allw 6 hurs f free parking.
Offer here until Nvember 14.
Win a $1000 CD Cllectin
Win yur chice f $1000 wrth f CDs frm JB Music Stre. Just buy any tw CDs and yur name will g int the cmpetitin. Select yur wn prize frm ur wide variety f rck, pp, jazz and classical music.
Cmpetitin ends Nvember 14. Prize drawn n Nvember 21.
Check stre fr mre infrmatin.
Buy One, Get One Free
Buy ne shirt r tie at Daniel’s Menswear, and get anther shirt r tie f the same value free.
Chse frm any f ur dress shirts and we will give yu anther ne at n cst.
Hurry! Offer ends Nvember 14.
Offer limited t ne per custmer.
10% Off
Present this cupn at The Bk Stre t get a 10% discunt n any bks yu buy. We have lts f bks t chse frm, including children’s bks, nvels, travel guides, and science wrks. Yu are sure t find smething that yu will enjy. Shp nw fr Christmas, we have a large quantity f tys as gifts fr yu and avid the rush!
Offer here until Nvember 14.
Half-price Mvie Tickets
Buy any full-price mvie ticket n Tuesdays r Wednesdays, and yu can buy a secnd tickets fr a friend fr nly half price. The latest mvies are here, being shwn in ne f ur five theaters at Bayfield Shpping Center.
Offer here thrugh December 1, Limit n per custmer.
Free Sft Drink
Buy any meal fr at least $6 at Mike’s Café, and receive a free sft drink. We serve the best fd in the Shpping Center. Cme in and try ur delicius meals and ur excellent service. Yu wn’t be disappinted!
Free sft drink ffer ends Nvember 14.
Nrtheast China Tiger and
Lepard Natinal Park
Lcatins: Heilngjiang and Jilin prvinces
Landscapes: Muntains, hills, and valleys
Representative species: Siberian tiger, Amur lepard (豹)
Prgress: Increasing ppulatin f prtected animal species frm the year f 2015 t 2022 — Siberian tigers: 27→50; Amur lepards: 42→60
Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park
Lcatins: Qinghai Prvince and Xizang Autnmus Regin
Landscapes: Glaciers, snw-capped muntains, high-altitude wetlands, deserts, alpine grasslands
Representative species: Snw lepard, Tibetan antelpe
Prgress: At present, the vegetatin cverage f the grassland in the park has been ver 60%, which is nearly 5% higher than that in 2015.
Giant Panda Natinal Park
Lcatins: Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu prvinces
Landscapes: Muntains, basins
Representative species: Giant panda, red panda
Prgress: It is prtecting ver 70% f the wild giant panda ppulatin in the cuntry. The ppulatin f prtective animals in the park — Giant pandas 50+; Sichuan takins 1,300+
Wuyishan Natinal Park
Lcatins: Fujian and Jiangxi prvinces
Landscapes: Muntains
Representative species: Chinese panglin, Cabt’s tragpan
Prgress: Thrugh reasnable develpment f 10% f its area, the park has hlds its bidiversity cnservatin in 90% f its area under prtectin.
Hainan Trpical Rainfrest
Natinal Park
Lcatins: Hainan Prvince
Landscapes: Muntains
Representative species: Hainan black crested gibbn
Prgress: The ppulatin f Hainan’s black crested gibbn in the wild — 1970s: 2 grups f 7 individuals (個(gè)體); At present: 5 grups f 36 individuals
Playing hide-and-seek
Hide-and-seek is a traditinal game fr children, ppular arund the natin. There are tw ways t play: cvering a child’s eyes while ther kids run arund t play a trick n him r, mre cmmnly, thers hide and ne child must try t find them.
Flying kites
Kites have quite a lng histry in China. The earliest kites weren’t made f paper. They were made f wd instead. Nwadays, the three mst famus kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite. Each has its wn style. Fr example, the bird-shaped kite with lng wings is a special kind f the Beijing kite.
Watching shadw plays
The mst similar thing t watching a film during ancient times was ging t see a shadw play. The artists cntrlled puppets (木偶) behind the screen t make the puppets mve like peple and tell stries. Peple liked listening t the music and enjyed the beautiful puppets.
Kicking stne balls
During the Qing Dynasty (1644—1911), kicking a stne ball arund was a ppular sprt in the nrthern part f China, and it was ften played in the winter t keep warm. Stnes were carved int small balls and kicked alng with feet.
Gdnight Mn
Gdnight Mn is perhaps children’s perfect bedtime bk. It is a shrt pem f gdnight wishes frm a yung rabbit that is prepared t sleep. He says gdnight t everything in the rm. The pictures are simple, changing between small ink drawings and wide, brightly clured views f the little rabbit’s rm. Because f the nice petry f the wrds and the gentle pictures, this bk is lved by a great number f readers.
Baby Tuch and Feel: Animals
A small tuch-and-feel bk full f bunnies (小兔子) and ther sft animals, Baby Tuch and Feel: Animals, is a gift that yur little ne is sure t like. It is filled with real-life animal pictures having tuch-and-feel textures (質(zhì)地) that can develp kids’ knwledge while increasing their use f senses. Its cver can still remain strng even after being thrwn away, and its thick and strng bard pages wn’t tear. Yur baby can practise learning abut animals and their nises while tuching the textures n the pages.
Peek-a Wh?
Clurful pictures and simple rhyming texts help children guess what’s peeking (偷窺) thrugh the windws. Wndering what’s hiding n the next page and lking thrugh thse bright pictures will keep kids guessing and smiling all the way t the unexpected endings.
The Wnderful Things Yu Will Be
Frm brave and creative t clever, Emily Winfield Martin expresses all the lving things that parents think f when they lk at their children. With beautiful pictures, this is a bk that grwn-ups will lve reading ver and ver t kids t shw their lve. This bk reminds parents that n child is the same. They each have their wn ptential (潛能) and challenges. The bk has a lving and truthful message that will last fr a lifetime.
Henry, 12 years ld, San Francisc
I think we shuld all have electric cars. This wuld cut dwn air pllutin and allw us t breathe better. Cleaner air als means there will be fewer animals dying. Think f all the lives we have lst by destrying ur envirnment.
Sme peple think electric cars are pricey. But their prices are cming dwn. What’s mre, gas csts a lt mre than electricity. Once yu use the gas, it’s gne. Anyway, I think we’re ging t run ut f gas at sme pint. This will make electric cars a need. Als, d yu knw that electric cars can travel 33 miles fr abut a dllar? Yu can’t say that fr gas. All cars shuld be electric!
Sandy, 13 years ld, New Yrk
I dn’t think all cars shuld be electric. First f all, charging statins are less cmmn than gas statins. This makes electric cars a lt less cnvenient fr lng trips. What’s mre, cld weather des harm t the batteries (電池). They can’t wrk well as usual. And electric cars are als mre expensive than cmmn cars. A new electric car usually csts arund $ 11, 000 mre than a new gar car. True, electric cars help slw climate change. But thrwing batteries away can hurt ur planet.

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