Q1：判斷動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)有哪些小竅門？A1：最可靠的做法是掌握每種時態(tài)的使用場合和標志性詞匯、短語，做到有的放矢。Q2：如何確定動詞的語態(tài)？A2：一方面，需要注意根據(jù)語境確定是否應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，另一方面需要抓住關(guān)鍵性標志，如介詞by引起動作的發(fā)出者。Q3：如何確定各種從句的時態(tài)？A3：如果是狀語從句，需要考慮“主將從現(xiàn)”；如果是賓語從句要考慮主從句時態(tài)照應(yīng)；有時像suggest, recmmend從句還應(yīng)考慮虛擬語氣用法。Q4：應(yīng)用文寫作遇到動詞時態(tài)怎么把握？A4：書信類應(yīng)用文要結(jié)合其內(nèi)容來確定具體時態(tài)乃至語態(tài)。如邀請信和通知要使用一般將來時；感謝信和道歉信要使用一般過去時；人物介紹和地點介紹要使用一般現(xiàn)在時。Q5：如何才能學(xué)好動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)？A5：一是努力掌握基本知識框架，二是加強訓(xùn)練和背誦，積少成多，學(xué)以致用。
一、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法快問快答
二、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法考點細目
三、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)知識清單
（六）一般過去時七種典型用法
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1. The bk has been translated int thirty languages since it _____________ (cme) n the market in 1973.2. (2013安徽) I’m calling abut the apartment yu _____________ (advertise) the ther day. Culd yu tell me mre abut it?3. (2013福建) The famus musician, as well as his students, _____________(invite) t perfrm at the pening ceremny f the 2012 Taipei Flwer Exp.4. (2017·江蘇) The publicatin f Great Expectatins, which _____________ (be) bth widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading nvelist.
【答案與解析】1. came。從句有明顯時間狀語in 1973，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故答案是came。2. advertised。從句有明顯時間狀語the ther day，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故答案是advertised。3. was invited。句子有明顯時間狀語at the pening ceremny f the 2012 Taipei Flwer Exp，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故答案是was invited。4. was。結(jié)合語境這里描述過去的行為，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故答案是was。
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。5. (2015湖南) I had a strng desire t reach in and play with the ty, but _____________ (hld) back thankfully by the shp windw.6. The three f us _____________ (travel) arund Eurpe fr abut a mnth last summer.7. (2019全國II) Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, prud Irene _____________ (declare) she had n plans t retire frm her 36-year-ld business.8. Hw I wish every family _____________ (have) a large huse with a beautiful garden!
【答案與解析】5. was held。hld back表示“阻止，隱瞞”，結(jié)合語境應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故答案是was held。6. travelled。本句是易錯題，句子雖然有時間狀語fr abut a mnth，但結(jié)合語境這里表示過去某段時間一直發(fā)生的事情。故答案是travelled。7. declared。根據(jù)語境容易判斷空白處應(yīng)該使用一般過去時。故填declared。8. had。結(jié)合語境從句與現(xiàn)在事實相反，故應(yīng)用一般過去時。故答案是had。
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。9. When a pencil is partly in a glass f water, it lk as if it _____________ (break). 10. Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he __________(d) smething instead f just talking. 11. Srry, I’m t busy nw. If I _____________ (have) time, I wuld certainly g fr an uting with yu.12. I wish it _____________ (be) were spring all year rund.
【答案與解析】9. were brken。it lk as if…表示“看起來好像……”，從句與現(xiàn)在事實相反，應(yīng)用一般過去時；結(jié)合語境應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故答案是were brken。10. did/shuld d。It is high/abut time that..后面常用did或shuld d, shuld不能省，意為“早該……”。故答案是did/shuld d。11. had。語境暗示從句與現(xiàn)在事實相反，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故答案是had。12. were。I wish that…從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反常用一般過去時；be動詞一律都用were。故答案是were。
（七）過去進行時五種典型用法
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1. Her mther _____________ (ck) in the kitchen at this time yesterday.2. I’d like t knw what yu ______________(d) at 9:00 last night.3. We went t the reading-rm t d sme reading, nly t be tld that it _____________ (decrate). 4. (2014四川) She _____________ (phne) smene, s I ndded t her and went away.5. Jim _____________ (watch) a late night film at hme when, right in the middle f a thrilling scene, the televisin went blank.
【答案與解析】1. was cking。時間狀語at this time yesterday表明過去某時正在發(fā)生的動作，應(yīng)用過去進行時。故答案是was cking。2. were ding。時間狀語at 9:00 last night表明過去某時正在發(fā)生的動作，應(yīng)用過去進行時。故答案是were ding。3. was being decrated。結(jié)合語境表示該段時間內(nèi)一直進行的動作---裝修圖書館。故答案是was being decrated。4. was phning。結(jié)合語境“她正在給別人打電話，我對她點頭走開了?！惫蚀鸢甘莣as phning。5. was watching。結(jié)合語境這是was ding…when…句式。故答案是was watching。
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。6. I ____________(clean) the streets in ur neighbrhd this time yesterday when yu called me.7. During the perid f recent terrrist activities, peple _____________(always warn) nt t tuch any unattended bag. 8. (2015湖南) He must have sensed that I _____________ (lk) at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, "Why are yu staring at me like that?"9. (2016北京) Jack _____________ (wrk) in the lab when the pwer cut ccurred.10. He _____________(help) his father n the farm the whle afternn last Saturday.
【答案與解析】6. was cleaning。結(jié)合語境這是was ding…when…句式。故答案是was cleaning。7. were always being warned。always與過去進行時連用，表示過去某段時間內(nèi)一直進行的動作（被頻繁提醒）；又是被動含義。故答案是were always being warned。8. was lking。結(jié)合語境判斷這里表示當(dāng)時在進行的動作，故用過去進行時。故答案是was lking。9. was wrking。這是was ding…when…句式。是故答案是was wrking。10. was helping。the whle afternn last Saturday暗示過去某段時間一直進行的動作。
（八）過去完成時六種典型用法
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1. (2014山東) Writing ut all the invitatins by hand was mre time-cnsuming than we ____________ (expect). 2. (2015安徽)Just as I gt t the schl gate, I realized I ___________ (leave) my bank in the cafe.3. (2016浙江) Silk___________(becme) ne f the primary gds traded alng the Silk Rad by abut 100 BC.4. (2017北京) In the 1950s in the USA, mst families had just ne phne at hme, and wireless phnes __________ (nt invent) yet. 5. I _____________(plan) t help yu but culdn’t get here in time.
【答案與解析】1. had expected。結(jié)合語境應(yīng)用過去完成時表示“過去的過去”。故答案是had expected。2. had left。結(jié)合語境應(yīng)用過去完成時表示“過去的過去”。故答案是had left。3. had becme。by abut 100 BC是解答本題關(guān)鍵，應(yīng)用過去完成時。故答案是had becme。4. hadn’t been invented。結(jié)合語境應(yīng)用過去完成時表示“過去的過去”；又是被動含義。故答案是hadn’t been invented。5. had planned。intend, mean, hpe, want, plan, suppse, expect, think等動詞的過去完成時可以用來表示一個本來打算做而未做的事。故答案是had planned。
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。6.(2019天津) I ________(hpe) t send Peter a gift t cngratulate him n his marriage，but I culdn't manage it.7. I ___________(intend) t call n yu, but was prevented frm ding s.8. There was a knck n the dr. It was the secnd time smene ______(interrupt) me that evening.9. That was the first time she _______ (leave) alne at hme during the weekends, bred t death.10. It was the furth time she _____________ (shp) nline fr hurs.
6. had hped。intend, mean, hpe, want, plan, suppse, expect, think等動詞的過去完成時可以用來表示一個本來打算做而未做的事。故答案是had hped。7. had intended。intend, mean, hpe, want, plan, suppse, expect, think等動詞的過去完成時可以用來表示一個本來打算做而未做的事。故答案是had intended。8. had interrupted。在 It was the first/secnd/third…time that…句型中，that引導(dǎo)的定語從句要用過去完成時。故答案是had interrupted。9. had left。在 It/That was the first/secnd/third…time that…句型中，that引導(dǎo)的定語從句要用過去完成時。故答案是had left。10. had shpped。在 It/That was the first/secnd/third…time that…句型中，that引導(dǎo)的定語從句要用過去完成時。故答案是had shpped。
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。11. She ________ n sner _________(get) t the ffice than she gt dwn t writing the reprt.12. Hardly had I arrived hme when the telephne _____________ (ring). 13. (2018天津) If we _____ (catch) the flight yesterday, we wuld be enjying ur hliday n the beach. 14. Hw I wish I _____________(buy) that skirt when it was available! Ugh! I regret it every time.15. (2015北京)—Did yu have difficulty finding Ann' huse?—Nt really. She _____________ (give) us clear directins and we were able t find it easily.
11. had; gt。在hardly/scarcely … when…和n sner… than…句型中，主句常用過去完成時。故答案是had; gt。12. rang。在hardly/scarcely … when…和n sner… than…句型中，主句常用過去完成時，從句仍用一般過去時。故答案是rang。13. had caught。這時if虛擬條件句，從句與過去事實相反應(yīng)用過去完成時。故答案是had caught。14. had bught。I wish that….從句與過去事實相反應(yīng)用過去完成時。故答案是had bught。15. had given。結(jié)合語境“給我們清楚指導(dǎo)”發(fā)生在前，應(yīng)用過去完成時。故答案是had given。
（九）過去將來時四種典型用法
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1. Did yu predict that many students _____________ (sign) up fr the dance cmpetitin?2. He was abut t g t bed ________ there was a knck n the dr.3. When he _____________ (pen) the dr, he fund his keys were nwhere. 4. (2015陜西)At cllege, Barack Obama didn’t knw that he _____________ (becme) the first black president f the United States f America. 5. I wish he __________(g) with me t the cinema tnight.
【答案與解析】1. wuld sign。Did yu predict是解答本題的關(guān)鍵，暗示應(yīng)用過去將來時。故答案是wuld sign。2. when。這是was/were abut t d sth. when...句型。故答案是when。3. was t pen。結(jié)合語境這里應(yīng)用過去將來時表示從當(dāng)時看將要發(fā)生的動作“將要開門”。故答案是was t pen。4. was t becme。結(jié)合語境這里應(yīng)用過去將來時表示從當(dāng)時看將要發(fā)生的動作“將要成為美國第一位黑人總統(tǒng)”。故答案是was t becme。5. wuld g。I wish that …從句表示與將來事實相反用culd/wuld d。故答案是wuld g。
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。6. If I had a chance t study abrad, I __________(study) at Cambridge University.7. If he had spent mre time practising speaking English befre, he ________(be) able t speak it much better nw.8. If the captain had been mre careful, his ship _____________ (sink).9. (2019江蘇) What a pity! Yu missed the sightseeing, r we _____________ (have) a gd time tgether.10. I wasn't sure whether he ___________ (lend) me his bk the next mrning.
【答案與解析】6. wuld study。If虛擬條件句與現(xiàn)在事實相反，主句用culd/wuld d。故答案是wuld study。7. wuld be。本句是虛擬語氣含蓄條件句，nw說明主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反，應(yīng)用wuld d。故答案是wuld be。8. wuldn’t have sunk。結(jié)合語境主從句與過去事實相反，主句應(yīng)用wuld have dne，且是否定形式。故答案是wuldn’t have sunk。9. wuld have had。r引導(dǎo)含蓄條件句，句意為：真可惜！你錯過了游覽觀光，否則的話我們會有一段美好時光的。表示與過去事實相反，應(yīng)用wuld have dne。故答案是wuld have had。10. wuld lend。主句是一般過去時；同時從句時間狀語the next mrning暗示應(yīng)用過去將來時。故答案是wuld lend。
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?！?024題組】1.（2024新課標I卷）Sme f the things that Tang was writing abut ___58___ (be) als Shakespeare’s cncerns.答案：were解析：考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：“湯顯祖所寫的一些內(nèi)容也是莎士比亞所關(guān)心的。我碰巧知道湯顯祖的戲劇《牡丹亭》在某些方面與《羅密歐與朱麗葉》相似?！边@里為本句謂語動詞，根據(jù)句意以及定語從句時態(tài)可知，本句時態(tài)為一般過去時；主語為“sme f the things”，復(fù)數(shù)。故填were。2.（2024新課標I卷）Tw years later, a six-meter-tall pavilin, inspired by The Peny Pavilin, ___61___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk frm Shakespeare’s birthplace.答案：was built解析：考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：兩年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花園落成，該花園距離莎士比亞故居僅十分鐘步行路程，其靈感來自《牡丹亭》。這里為本句謂語動詞，根據(jù)時間狀語“Tw years later”可知，本句時態(tài)為一般過去時；主語為“a six-meter-tall pavilin”，單數(shù)，和動詞“build”之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)。故填was built。
四、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)分類通關(guān)
（一）單句填空（高考真題）
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?！?024題組】3.（2024全國甲卷）They 64 (be) part f a 15-member explring party that had spent almst five awesme weeks in witness f the natural beauties there.答案： were。解析：本空前They指代上文提及的四個男人，時間為1870年，同時聯(lián)系后文had spent的過去完成時可知本空時態(tài)為過去式且為復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填were。4. （2024九省聯(lián)考卷）Funtain pens _________ (use) in schls lng ag and have been regaining ppularity lately because they are refillable.答案：were used解析：考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：鋼筆很久以前就在學(xué)校里使用了，最近又重新流行起來，因為它們可以重新填充?？崭裉幾髦^語，根據(jù)時間狀語lng ag可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時，主語Funtain pens和動詞use之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故填were used。
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。【2023題組】5.（2023新高考II卷）As a little girl, I _________ (wish) t be a zkeeper when I grew up.答案：wished解析：考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：作為一個小女孩，我希望長大后成為一名動物園管理員。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句缺少謂語動詞，所以wish作本句謂語，和主語I之間是主動關(guān)系，根據(jù)后文的grew可知用一般過去時。故填wished。6.（2023全國乙卷）Having visited several times ver the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遺產(chǎn)) while cnstantly grwing.答案：was amazed解析：考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：在過去的10年里，我多次訪問北京，我驚訝于這里的新舊共存，驚訝于一個城市如何在不斷發(fā)展的同時保持如此豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。這里為本句謂語動詞，根據(jù)下文“hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遺產(chǎn)) while cnstantly grwing.”可知，本句用一般過去時；主語I和動詞amaze之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)。故填was amazed。
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?！?023題組】7.（2023北京卷）Sn after mving t Switzerland, I _________ (thrw) a huse-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests shwed up exactly n time.答案：threw 解析：考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要舉辦一個喬遷派對，當(dāng)所有30位客人都準時出現(xiàn)時，我感到非常驚訝。根據(jù)后文and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests shwed up可知，句子陳述過去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填threw。8.（2023北京卷）Years later, having mved t France. I turned up at the appinted hur fr a dinner, nly t find that n ther guest _________ (arrive) and my hstess was still in her sleeping suit.答案：had arrived 解析：考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：多年以后，搬到法國后，我在約定的時間赴宴，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有其他客人到場，女主人還穿著睡衣。此處表示的動作發(fā)生在主句動詞turned up之前，屬于“過去的過去”，應(yīng)用過去完成時。故填had arrived。
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?！?022題組】9.（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that __________ (be) previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity t increase effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management. 答案：were【解析】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：該計劃將把保護范圍擴大到大量以前未受保護的地區(qū)，將許多現(xiàn)有的大熊貓保護區(qū)納入一個管理機構(gòu)，以提高效率，減少管理上的不一致性。設(shè)空處在that引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句中作謂語，先行詞為a significant number f areas，先行詞在從句中作主語，根據(jù)“previusly (之前地)”可知從句的時態(tài)應(yīng)為一般過去時，根據(jù)主謂一致，從句主語復(fù)數(shù)，從句謂語復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填were。10.（2022新高考II卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He lked up and saw Eric hanging frm the balcny.答案：was fixing【解析】句意：聽到尖叫聲時，亨利正在修車。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該填寫謂語動詞。根據(jù)空后的when he heard the screams，可知，這是“was/were ding…when…”句型，設(shè)空處的動作是正在發(fā)生的，同時該句描述的是過去的事實。故使用過去進行時。fix為動詞，意為“修理”，其過去進行時為was fixing。故填was fixing。
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?！?022題組】11.（2022北京卷）Eventually, the man _________ (catch) up with her, and he was nly trying t return her wallet! 答案：caught 解析：考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：最終，那個男人追上了她，他只是想把她的錢包還給她！結(jié)合句意，這是“A and B”型并列句?？瞻滋帒?yīng)填謂語動詞的形式，動作發(fā)生在過去，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填caught。12.（2022浙江卷）When he felt a 3D versin f Lenard da Vinci’s “Mna Lisa” he _________ (ntice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what yu see when yu lk at it,” he said. 答案：nticed解析：考查時態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)他觸摸到萊昂納多?達?芬奇的3D版《蒙娜麗莎》時，他立刻注意到了她的微笑。根據(jù)“he felt”可知，本句為一般過去時。故填nticed。
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?！?021題組】13.（2021新高考I卷）What cmes next is the endless series f steps. Yu can’t help wndering hw hard it _________ (be) fr the peple then t put all thse rcks int place.答案：was解析：考查主謂一致和時態(tài)。主語是第三人稱單數(shù)it，時間狀語是then，所以用was。14.（2021全國甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the mst cmplete city wall that has survived China's lng histry. It _________ (build) riginally t prtect the city in the Tang dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred (修復(fù)).答案：was built解析：句意：它最初是為了保護唐代的城市而建造的，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完全修復(fù)了。分析句子可知，空格處為謂語，動詞build和主語之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)（be dne），根據(jù)句意和時間狀語the Tang dynasty可知，用一般過去時，謂語動詞用過去式，主語it為第三人稱單數(shù)，主謂一致，故填was built。
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?！?021題組】15.（2020全國I卷）The unmanned Chang’e-4 prbe (探測器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese mn gddess _________ (tuch) dwn last week in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.答案：tuched解析：考查動詞時態(tài)及語態(tài)。句意：無人月球探測器嫦娥四號——名字的靈感來源于古代的中國月亮女神——上周在南極艾特肯盆地著陸。此處是句子的謂語，根據(jù)時間狀語last week可知應(yīng)使用一般過去時，故填tuched。16.（2021浙江卷）After Lincln was elected President f the US in 1861, they rented the huse and _________ (sell) mst f their furniture. 答案：sld解析：考查動詞。句意：1861年林肯當(dāng)選美國總統(tǒng)后，他們租了房子，賣掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可知，設(shè)空處和前面的動詞rented一起做并列謂語；根據(jù)時間狀語1861可知，此處用一般過去時態(tài)，提示詞sell的過去式形式是sld。故填sld。
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?！?021題組】17.（2021新高考II卷）I kept ging. Whenever I heard f businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One f the biggest cmpanies I wrte t _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.答案：was解析：考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：我給寫信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根據(jù)定語從句的謂語動詞“wrte” 可知這里描述發(fā)生在過去的事情，用一般過去時；ne f + 形容詞最高級 + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，所以填was。18.（2021全國甲卷）We _________ (hire) ur bikes frm the rental place at the Suth Gate. My bike was ld and shaky but did the jb.答案：hired解析：考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：我們從南門的租賃處租了自行車。分析句子可知，此處為謂語動詞，根據(jù)上下文可知，此處描述過去發(fā)生的事情，用一般過去時，謂語動詞用過去式。故填hired。
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?！?021題組】19.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrte, "The little hme _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary lved it. She was extremely pretty, and her huse was a reflectin f herself, everything in gd taste and in perfect rder. 答案：was painted解析：考查被動語態(tài)。句意：這個小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處作謂語動詞，The little hme作主語。結(jié)合句意及常識可知，房子是“被漆”的，主語和謂語動詞之間是被動關(guān)系，所以要用被動語態(tài)；根據(jù)上文的was built可知，此處為一般過去時態(tài)；一般過去時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)是was/were+過去分詞；主語The little hme是單數(shù)第三人稱，所以要用was，提示詞paint的過去分詞形式是painted。故填was painted。
【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?！?020題組】20.（2020新高考I卷）The 80,000 bjects cllected by Sir Hans Slane, fr example, _________ (frm) the cre cllectin f the British Museum that pened in 1759.答案：frmed解析：考查動詞時態(tài)。句意:例如，漢斯?斯隆爵士的8萬件藏品構(gòu)成了1759年開館的大英博物館的核心藏品。此處是謂語動詞，根據(jù)時間狀語in1759可知，應(yīng)使用一般過去時。故填frmed。21.（2020北京卷）The Neanderthals_________（live）alngside human ancestrs in Eurpe fr tens f thusands f years, befre dying ut abut 40, 000 years ag.答案：lived/had lived/had been living 解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：尼安德特人與人類祖先一起在歐洲生活了數(shù)萬年，直到大約4萬年前滅絕。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，結(jié)合句意，此處是指在滅絕之前一直生活了數(shù)萬年。設(shè)空處的動作發(fā)生在滅絕之前，結(jié)合時間狀語fr tens f thusands f years。故應(yīng)用過去完成時態(tài)或者過去完成進行時態(tài)；又因動作發(fā)生在過去，強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作，也可用一般過去時。故答案為lived/had lived/had been living。
（二）動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)助力應(yīng)用文寫作升格
書面表達升級：根據(jù)提示翻譯下列各句。1. (2024課標I卷) 我們的任務(wù)是畫一些給我們印象最深的東西。1. We were tasked t draw r paint smething that impressed us mst.2. (2024課標I卷) 總之，這不僅僅是一堂藝術(shù)課；這是我真正珍惜的與大自然相連的時刻。2. In a wrd, It was nt just an art class; it was a mment f cnnectin with nature that I truly cherished.
書面表達升級：根據(jù)提示翻譯下列各句。3. (2023全國甲卷) 孔子游歷全國，把自己的智慧傳授給無數(shù)弟子，給中國社會留下了深刻的影響。3. Cnfucius traveled thrughut the cuntry, imparting his wisdm t cuntless disciples and leaving a prfund impact n Chinese sciety.4. (2023全國乙卷) 當(dāng)我上小學(xué)的時候，我有機會參加學(xué)校舉辦的音樂比賽。4. When I was in my primary schl, I had an pprtunity t attend a musical cntest held in my schl.
書面表達升級：根據(jù)提示翻譯下列各句。5. (2023全國乙卷) 那是我第一次觀看現(xiàn)場音樂表演。5. That was the first time I had watched a live musical perfrmance.6. (2022全國乙卷) 總之，我們早該采取措施來保護海洋。6. All in all, it is high time that we tk measures t prtect the ceans.
書面表達升級：根據(jù)提示翻譯下列各句。7. (2022新高考I卷) Talk and Talk欄目成立十年了。7. It is ten years since Talk and Talk was established.8. (2021全國I卷) 上個月我考試不及格情緒低落，她輕拍我的肩膀給我巨大鼓勵。8. When I failed the exam last mnth and was in lw spirits, she patted me gently n the shulder and gave me great encuragement.
書面表達升級：根據(jù)提示翻譯下列各句。9. (2021全國II卷) 上周末學(xué)生會組織一群志愿者去希望農(nóng)場幫助農(nóng)民采摘桃子。9. Organized by the Student Unin, a grup f vlunteers went t Hpe Farm t help the farmers pick peaches last weekend.10. (2021新高考I卷) 這個活動受到高度評價，因為他給我們提供鍛煉機會，還能讓我們更合作。10. The activity was highly spken f, because nt nly did it prvide a chance fr us t exercise, but als made us mre cperative.
（三）動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)助力讀后續(xù)寫升格
書面表達升級：根據(jù)提示翻譯下列各句。1. (2024課標I卷) 我又向他露出抱歉的微笑，懇求他延期付款。1. Flashing him anther aplgetic smile, I begged him fr a delayed payment.2. (2024課標I卷) 我堅定地和他握手，然后跳下車，瘋狂地向公共汽車跑去，在公共汽車出發(fā)前跳上了公共汽車。2. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped ut f the car, made a mad run fr the bus, and jumped nt it just befre its departure.
書面表達升級：根據(jù)提示翻譯下列各句。3. (2024課標I卷) 我告訴他，多虧了他的慷慨和及時的幫助，一切都很順利。3. I tld him that thanks t his genersity and timely help, everything had gne smthly.4. (2024課標I卷) 我還送給他一件我在布拉格買的很有吸引力的紀念品，他欣然接受了。4. I als gave him an attractive suvenir I had bught at Prague, which he accepted with delight.
書面表達升級：根據(jù)提示翻譯下列各句。5. (2024浙江1月卷) 老師注意到了她的努力，稱贊了她的創(chuàng)新思維。5. Her effrts were nticed by the teacher, wh praised her innvative thinking.6. (2024浙江1月卷) 她每走一步，都給那些追隨她的人留下了靈感的遺產(chǎn)。6. And with each step she tk, she left behind a legacy f inspiratin fr thse wh fllwed in her ftsteps.
書面表達升級：根據(jù)提示翻譯下列各句。7. (2023課標I卷) 我被告知我在寫作比賽中獲得了一等獎，兩天后將有頒獎典禮。7. I was infrmed that I wn the first prize in the writing cntest and that there wuld be an award presentatin in tw days.8. (2023課標I卷) 當(dāng)我被邀請上臺領(lǐng)獎時，我對我的老師表示感謝。8. When I was invited t the stage t receive the award, I expressed my thanks t my teacher.
書面表達升級：根據(jù)提示翻譯下列各句。9. (2023課標I卷) 頒獎典禮結(jié)束后，我去了老師的辦公室。我的老師在等我。9. I went t my teacher’s ffice after the award presentatin. My teacher was waiting fr me.10. (2023浙江1月卷) 當(dāng)我爬上車開車離開時，我知道我會永遠珍惜我們共同的回憶。10. I knew that I wuld always cherish the memries we shared as I climbed int my car and drve away.
Camping becmes new trend in rural turism野營正成為鄉(xiāng)村旅游新時尚
（四）語法填空（外刊原創(chuàng)）
With mdern peple's desire t get clse t nature, camping has becme a ppular leisure activity, 1 further fuels rural turism.
Setting up a tent, barbecuing, drinking tea and chatting — peple seem 2 (find) the mst relaxing way t spend their weekends. "During the three-day Dragn Bat Festival hliday, ur campsite received ver 1,400 visitrs, and ur mre than 200 tents were 3 shrt supply", said a manager frm the Majia River Scenic Area in Guanxian cunty, Shandng prvince. During the recent hliday, Guanxian cunty 4 (welcme) 63,000 turists. In recent years, Guanxian cunty 5 (attract) many turists due t its unique gegraphical advantages and beautiful natural scenery. Hwever, alngside the bm in rural turism, the cunty als faces issues such as severe hmgeneity f turism prducts and a 6 (shrt) f accmmdatins in scenic areas during peak seasns.
"After cnducting market research and cnsidering the actual develpment situatins, we have decided t use the camping ecnmy as the key t 'breaking the mld' in the rural turism industry", said Liu Xiajing, 7 prpaganda minister f the cunty. By enriching the 'camping+' scenaris and related businesses, the cunty aims 8 (integrate) eclgical sightseeing, family 9 (gather) and leisure sprts int camping ecnmy. This apprach bnds with the travel needs f yung cnsumers 10 helps ease the accmmdatin supply in scenic areas during peak seasns.
【參考答案】1. which 2. t have fund 3. in 4. welcmed 5. has attracted 6. shrtage 7. the 8. t integrate 9. gatherings 10. and

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專題15 動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)(將來時 被動語態(tài))（課件）--【知識大盤點】2024高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識大盤點紅寶書

專題15 動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)(將來時 被動語態(tài))（課件）--【知識大盤點】2024高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識大盤點紅寶書
專題14 動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)(過去時)（課件）--【知識大盤點】2024高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識大盤點紅寶書

專題14 動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)(過去時)（課件）--【知識大盤點】2024高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識大盤點紅寶書
專題13 動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)(現(xiàn)在時)（課件）--【知識大盤點】2024高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識大盤點紅寶書

專題13 動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)(現(xiàn)在時)（課件）--【知識大盤點】2024高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識大盤點紅寶書
專題14 動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)(過去時)（課件） -備戰(zhàn)2024年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)高效復(fù)習(xí)（全國通用）

專題14 動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)(過去時)（課件） -備戰(zhàn)2024年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)高效復(fù)習(xí)（全國通用）
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