（2024·天津·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使短文意思完整。每空限填一詞。
Lng ag, the early peple did nt live in huses as we d tday. Mst f the hmes were in caves r shelters (遮蔽物) which were built in trees. These ‘hmes’ were nly used as temprary (臨時的) shelters t p 1 them frm the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the frests. Men f that time were called ‘cave peple’.
These ‘cave peple’ usually lived in small grups and life was nt e 2 fr them. They had t mve frm place t place t s 3 fr fd. They wuld hunt, fish r pick wild fruit. When they culdn’t find a 4 t eat, they wuld leave t find anther prper place. Their tls were very simple. They ate raw (生的) fd u 5 they learnt hw t make a fire. Fr clthing, they used nly the bark (樹皮) f trees r the skins (皮) f animals t c 6 their bdies.
Hwever, the lives f the ‘cave peple’ changed. They cllected the seeds (種子) f wild plants that g 7 in the frests. Sn they learnt t plant fruit, vegetables and ther crps. They als kept cws, sheep and ther kinds f farm a 8 fr milk, meat and skins. They became f 9 and lived in nly ne certain area. Their grups became l 10 than befre as they lived mre settled (固定的) lives. They built huses as lng-lasting hmes, and as a result, villages and twns develped quickly. The ‘cave peple’ began t be civilized (文明的).
【答案】
1．(p)rtect 2．(e)asy 3．(s)earch 4．(a)nything 5．(u)ntil 6．(c)ver 7．(g)rew 8．(a)nimals 9．(f)armers 10．(l)arger
【導語】本文主要介紹“穴居人”的生活。
1．句意：這些“家”只是用作臨時庇護所，保護他們免受陽光、雨水和森林里的野生動物的侵害。根據(jù)“These ‘hmes’ were nly used as temprary (臨時的) shelters t p... them frm the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the frests.”可知，這些“家”保護他們免受陽光、雨水和森林里的野生動物的侵害，prtect“保護”，不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中用動詞原形，故填(p)rtect。
2．句意：這些“穴居人”通常生活在小群體中，生活對他們來說并不容易。根據(jù)“These ‘cave peple’ usually lived in small grups and life was nt e... fr them.”可知，生活對他們來說并不容易，easy“容易的”，在句中作表語，故填(e)asy。
3．句意：他們不得不從一個地方搬到另一個地方尋找食物。根據(jù)“They had t mve frm place t place t s... fr fd.”可知，他們不得不搬家尋找食物，search fr“尋找”符合語境，不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中用動詞原形，故填(s)earch。
4．句意：當他們找不到吃的東西時，他們會離開去找另一個合適的地方。根據(jù)“When they culdn’t find a... t eat, they wuld leave t find anther prper place.”可知，找不到吃的東西時就會搬家，anything“任何東西”，用于否定句中，故填(a)nything。
5．句意：他們吃生的食物，直到學會如何生火。根據(jù)“They ate raw (生的) fd u... they learnt hw t make a fire.”可知，直到學會如何生火才不吃生的食物，until“直到”符合語境，故填(u)ntil。
6．句意：至于衣服，他們只用樹皮或獸皮來遮蓋身體。根據(jù)“they used nly the bark (樹皮) f trees r the skins (皮) f animals t c... their bdies”可知，他們只用樹皮或獸皮來遮蓋身體，cver“遮蓋”，不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中用動詞原形，故填(c)ver。
7．句意：他們收集了生長在森林中的野生植物的種子。根據(jù)“They cllected the seeds (種子) f wild plants that g... in the frests.”可知，收集生長在森林中的野生植物的種子，grw“生長”，時態(tài)是一般過去時，動詞用過去式，故填(g)rew。
8．句意：他們還飼養(yǎng)牛、羊和其他種類的農(nóng)場動物，以獲取牛奶、肉和皮。根據(jù)“They als kept cws, sheep and ther kinds f farm a... fr milk, meat and skins.”可知，飼養(yǎng)牛、羊和其他種類的農(nóng)場動物，animal“動物”，“ther kinds f”修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，故填(a)nimals。
9．句意：他們成了農(nóng)民，只住在一個特定的地區(qū)。根據(jù)“They became f... and lived in nly ne certain area.”可知，他們成了農(nóng)民，farmer“農(nóng)民”，主語“They”是復數(shù)，故填(f)armers。
10．句意：他們的群體變得比以前更大，因為他們的生活更加穩(wěn)定。根據(jù)“Their grups became l... than befre as they lived mre settled (固定的) lives.”可知，他們的群體變得比以前更大，larger“更大的”，在句中作表語，故填(l)arger。
（2024·山東東營·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，在空白處填入一個適當?shù)膯卧~。
Bear was busy making pies. When he wke up in spring, he wuld need them.
“Oh n!” cried Bear. “The berries (莓) have run ut. I must pick sme mre.”
Bear went t find mre berries. He walked till his ft ached, but he didn’t find any berries n 11 his hme.
S he decided t g deeper int the frest t lk fr berries. As he walked alng, he felt very h 12 . He had been s busy cking that he had eaten nthing all day.
As be walked, Bear met bis friend Raccn.
“D yu have say berries fr me?” asked Bear.
“Srry, but I can g 13 yu sme apples.” said Raccn.
“Yur apples are t sur.” said Bear.
Sn Bear met Squirrel.
“D yu have any berries fr me?” asked Bear.
“N,” said Squirrel. “But I have sme walnuts (核桃). Yu can have sme.”
“Thank yu.” said Bear. “But I d nt w 14 walnuts in my pies. I will keep searching fr berries.”
After a lt f effrt, Bear realized that there were n berries left.
Suddenly, snw began t fall. Bear raced hme. Then he jumped int bed. B 15 he culd nt sleep. He was s hungry.
“Oh dear.” said Bear. I will have t eat my pies. But if s, I will have n 16 fr spring. Bear was t hungry t wrry abut it. He ate up all the pies u 17 he felt full at last. Sn he was fast asleep. Bear slept fr many mnths.
Spring came. Bear w 18 up. He was very, very hungry.
Just then, Raccn and Squirrel came. They were each hlding a pie.
“Thse pies smell delicius.” said Bear.
“Oh. I dn’t think yu wuld like my sur apple pie.” said Raccn.
“And I am sure yu wuldn’t like my walnut pie.” said Squirrel.
When Bear pened his muth t speak, Raccn put sme apple pie in Bear’s m 19 .
“Yum, this is gd!” cried Bear.
Squirrel gave Bear sme walnut pie.
“Ww, walnut pie is great, t 20 ,” said Bear.
“Aren’t yu glad we educated yu abut pies?” said Squirrel.
“I am.” Bear said. “My next pies will have new fillings (餡).”
【答案】
11．(n)ear 12．(h)ungry 13．(g)ive 14．(w)ant 15．(B)ut 16．(n)thing 17．(u)ntil 18．(w)ke 19．(m)uth 20．(t)
【導語】本文主要介紹了熊忙著做餡餅，但是不小心在冬眠前把它們吃光了，最后朋友們帶來新口味的餡餅，這讓他感到滿足和感激。
11．句意：他一直走到腳痛，但在家附近沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)任何漿果。根據(jù)“didn’t find any hme”可知在他家附近沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)漿果，near“在附近”。故填(n)ear。
12．句意：他邊走邊覺得很餓。根據(jù)“He had been s busy cking that he had eaten nthing all day.”可知他什么都沒吃，所以很餓，hungry“餓的”。故填(h)ungry。
13．句意：我可以給你一些蘋果。根據(jù)“yu sme apples”可知是給你一些蘋果，give“給”，情態(tài)動詞后加動詞原形。故填(g)ive。
14．句意：但我不想在餡餅里放核桃。根據(jù)“But I d in my pies”可知是不想在餡餅里放核桃，want“想要”，助動詞d nt后加動詞原形。故填(w)ant。
15．句意：但是他睡不著。此處和前句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but連接。故填(B)ut。
16．句意：但如果這樣的話，我將度過一個一無所有的春天。根據(jù)“I will have t eat my pies”可知如果把餡餅吃了，春天就什么也沒有了，nthing“沒有什么”。故填(n)thing。
17．句意：他把所有的餡餅都吃光了，直到他終于覺得飽了為止。根據(jù)“He ate up all the felt full at last.”可知是吃完了所有的餡餅，直到他吃飽了，until“直到”。故填(u)ntil。
18．句意：熊醒了。根據(jù)“Bear slept fr many mnths.”可知他從冬眠中醒來，wake up“醒來”，句子用一般過去時，動詞用過去式。故填(w)ke。
19．句意：浣熊往熊的嘴里塞了一些蘋果餡餅。根據(jù)“Raccn put sme apple pie in Bear’s...”可知是在嘴巴里放一些蘋果餡餅，muth“嘴巴”，此處用名詞單數(shù)形式，指熊的嘴巴。故填(m)uth。
20．句意：核桃餡餅也很棒。根據(jù)“walnut pie is great”可知核桃餡餅也很美味，肯定句句尾用t。故填(t)。
（2024·江蘇連云港·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文意思和首字母提示，寫出一個完整正確的單詞。
Cmmunity cnnects us with each ther. A cmmunity is a p 21 where peple live, wrk and play tgether. It’s just like a schl, where s 22 help each ther t learn. Peple in a cmmunity h 23 ne anther, t.
Peple in a cmmunity have different skills. They ften help neighbrs s 24 all kinds f prblems. Fr example, smetimes peple d nt feel well. The d 25 and nurses will make them feel better. There are als sme engineers. They may help peple f 26 their brken bicycles r washing machines. When peple dn’t knw what t wear t a party r hw t design their hmes, the artists will give them sme a 27 .
Sme cllege students wrk as vlunteers in their s 28 time. They ften d sme cleaning fr the ld peple and help students with their h 29 .
Cmmunity is nt a building r an rganizatin. It is like a big f 30 . Members f a cmmunity have a sense f trust, safety and caring fr each ther.
【答案】
21．(p)lace 22．(s)tudents 23．(h)elp 24．(s)lve 25．(d)ctrs 26．(f)ix 27．(a)dvice 28．(s)pare 29．(h)mewrk 30．(f)amily
【導語】本文介紹了社區(qū)將人們緊密聯(lián)系在一起，社區(qū)的人們互助友愛，就像一個大家庭。
21．句意：社區(qū)是人們一起生活、工作和娛樂的地方。根據(jù)首字母及“A cmmunity is a…where peple live, wrk and play tgether.”可知，社區(qū)是人們生活、工作和娛樂的地方。place“地方”，名詞，冠詞a后用其單數(shù)形式。故填(p)lace。
22．句意：這就像一所學校，學生們互相幫助學習。根據(jù)首字母及“It’s just like a schl”可知，社區(qū)像一所學校，學生們互相幫助學習。student“學生”，名詞，help是動詞原形，故名詞應用復數(shù)形式。故填(s)tudents。
23．句意：社區(qū)里的人也會互相幫助。根據(jù)首字母及“…h(huán)elp each ther t learn. Peple in a cmmunity…ne anther, t.”可知，此處指社區(qū)中的人們互相幫助。help“幫助”，動詞。時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是復數(shù)，謂語動詞用其原形。故填(h)elp。
24．句意：他們經(jīng)常幫助鄰居解決各種各樣的問題。根據(jù)首字母及“all kinds f prblems”可知，此處指解決問題。slve“解決”，動詞。help sb. d sth.“幫助某人做某事”，動詞用其原形。故填(s)lve。
25．句意：醫(yī)生和護士會讓他們感覺好些。根據(jù)首字母及“Fr example, smetimes peple d nt feel well”可知，人們感到不舒服時，醫(yī)生和護士會讓他們感覺好些。dctr“醫(yī)生”，可數(shù)名詞，此處應用其復數(shù)形式表泛指。故填(d)ctrs。
26．句意：他們可以幫助人們修理壞了的自行車或洗衣機。根據(jù)首字母及“their brken bicycles r washing machines”可知，此處指修理壞了的自行車或洗衣機。fix“修理”，動詞。help sb. d sth.“幫助某人做某事”，動詞用其原形。故填(f)ix。
27．句意：當人們不知道穿什么去參加聚會或如何設(shè)計他們的家時，藝術(shù)家會給他們一些建議。根據(jù)首字母及“the artists will give them sme…”可知，此處指藝術(shù)家會給出建議。advice“建議”，不可數(shù)名詞，作動詞賓語。故填(a)dvice。
28．句意：一些大學生在業(yè)余時間做志愿者。根據(jù)首字母及“Sme cllege students wrk as vlunteers in their…time.”可知，此處指大學生在業(yè)余時間做志愿者。spare“空閑的”，形容詞，作定語修飾名詞time。故填(s)pare。
29．句意：他們經(jīng)常為老人打掃衛(wèi)生，幫助學生做作業(yè)。根據(jù)首字母及“and help students with their…”可知，此處指大學生會幫助學生們做作業(yè)。hmewrk“作業(yè)”，不可數(shù)名詞。故填(h)mewrk。
30．句意：它就像一個大家庭。根據(jù)首字母及“It is like a big…”可知，此處指社區(qū)就像一個大家庭。family“家庭”，可數(shù)名詞，被a修飾，用其單數(shù)形式。故填(f)amily。
（2024·江蘇揚州·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和首字母提示，在下文空格處填入適當?shù)脑~使短文完整。在答題卡標有題號的橫線上，完整地寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式。（每空一詞）
Even thugh my grandfather was a farmer, my grandmther wuld irn his wrk clthes every day. Grandmther mixed up her wn starch (淀粉漿) in a glass b 31 with a metal cap that had several hles. She sprinkled Grandfather’s jeans with the starch, hung them ver a chair fr a few minutes, and then i 32 them.
Because I watched her d this thrugh my childhd, I thught every ld wman did it. But as the years passed, I began t questin this p 33 . Why did Grandfather need his wrk clthes irned? Mst days, he never saw anyne b 34 me and maybe a few ther farmers. The clthes became dirty in just a shrt time. Why did Grandmther s 35 devte time and effrt t irning Grandfather’s clthes that were rarely seen?
One day when I was abut 13, I asked Grandmther abut it. She tld me Grandfather was the mst handsme man in the wrld. Later that day, I lked c 36 at Grandfather. He sure didn’t lk s handsme t me. He was shrt and fat with false teeth (假牙). Later I tld her my thught.
She gave me a girlish smile and said, “Yu just aren’t lking in the right light, Cathy. I remember when he had r 37 teeth. He has the mst beautiful eyes I have ever seen. They are e 38 the same clr as the sky just befre the sun ges dwn. I want the wrld t see my h 39 as the mst beautiful man. I want him t feel beautiful. I irn his clthes every day because fr all these years, he has made me feel beautiful.”
The years went n, and I watched Grandmther and Grandfather grw ld tgether. I was prbably 30 when I u 40 what beauty really was. It was Grandmther irning Grandfather’s jeans with starch frm a glass bttle.
【答案】
31．(b)ttle 32．(i)rned 33．(p)ractice 34．(b)ut 35．(s)till 36．(c)arefully 37．(r)eal 38．(e)xactly 39．(h)usband 40．(u)nderstd
【導語】本文主要講述了奶奶給爺爺熨燙衣服，在奶奶眼里，爺爺是世界上最帥氣的人，很多年過后作者才真正明白真正的美是什么。
31．句意：祖母在一個有幾個洞的金屬蓋的玻璃瓶里把自己的淀粉漿混合在一起。根據(jù)“It was Grandmther irning Grandfather’s jeans with starch frm a glass bttle.”可知是一個玻璃瓶，a后加可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)bttle“瓶子”。故填(b)ttle。
32．句意：她在爺爺?shù)呐Ｗ醒澤先錾系矸?，把它們掛在椅子上幾分鐘，然后熨好?根據(jù)“my grandmther wuld irn his wrk clthes”可知奶奶給爺爺熨燙衣服，irn“熨燙”，本文時態(tài)為一般過去時，動詞用過去式。故填(i)rned。
33．句意：但隨著時間的推移，我開始質(zhì)疑這種做法。根據(jù)“I thught every ld wman did it. But as the years passed, I began t questin this”可知作者開始懷疑熨燙衣服的通常的做法，this后加可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)practice“常規(guī)”。故填(p)ractice。
34．句意：大多數(shù)時候，除了我和其他一些農(nóng)民，他從來沒有見過任何人。根據(jù)“he never saw and maybe a few ther farmers”可知是除了我和其他一些農(nóng)民，他從來沒有見過任何人，but“除了”。故填(b)ut。
35．句意：為什么祖母仍然花時間和精力為祖父熨很少見到的衣服？根據(jù)“devte time and effrt t irning Grandfather’s clthes that were rarely seen?”可知作者好奇為什么奶奶仍然花時間和精力為祖父熨很少見到的衣服，still“仍然”。故填(s)till。
36．句意：那天晚些時候，我仔細地看著爺爺。根據(jù)“ Grandfather”可知是仔細觀察爺爺，修飾動詞用副詞carefully“認真地”。故填(c)arefully。
37．句意：我記得他長著真牙的時候。根據(jù)“He was shrt and fat with false teeth”可知現(xiàn)在爺爺戴著假牙，但是奶奶記得爺爺長著真牙的時候，修飾名詞用形容詞real“真的”。故填(r)eal。
38．句意：它們與太陽下山前的天空顏色完全相同。根據(jù)“the same clr as the sky just befre the sun ges dwn.”可知爺爺眼睛的顏色和太陽下山前的天空顏色完全相同，故此處用副詞exactly“確切地”。故填(e)xactly。
39．句意：我想讓全世界都把我的丈夫看作最美麗的男人。根據(jù)“as the mst beautiful man”可知奶奶想讓全世界都把她的丈夫當作最漂亮的男人，husband“丈夫”。故填(h)usband。
40．句意：我大概30歲的時候才明白真正的美麗是什么。根據(jù)“what beauty really was”可知是理解真正的美麗是什么，understand“理解”，根據(jù)“was”可知句子用一般過去時，動詞用過去式。故填(u)nderstd。
(2023中考真題）
（2023·山東東營·統(tǒng)考中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，在空白處填入一個適當?shù)膯卧~。
My parents gt Arthur’s Family Laundrmat (洗衣店) frm my grandfather. It was a true family business. My father, my mther and my aunt were respnsible fr different jbs. E 1 my retired (退休的) grandfather helps with the cleaning nw and then.
My father said that the mst imprtant machine in the Laundrmat wasn’t the washing machine. It was the cffee pt by the dr. The cffee was free and almst every c 2 wuld have a cup and chat with my family while waiting fr their clean clthes. In the hurs a 3 schl r n weekends, it was my jb t keep the cffee pt full. At least ten times each day, I wuld clean up the wet cffee grunds (咖啡渣), weigh 40 g f cffee beans, fill the pt with water, and turn n the cffee machine. It was such a b 4 jb that I culd have dne it in my sleep.
I remember cmplaining ne busy day. “W 5 d we have t give away cffee? We’re a Laundrmat, nt a cffee shp!” I said angrily. My father was surprised at my attitude. At nce he s 6 what he was ding t talk t me. With a patient but serius expressin n his f 7 he spke:
“Sn, peple chse ur laundrmat b 8 we serve them like friends. We ffer them a cup f cffee. We chat with them, laugh with them and cnnect with them. Peple dn’t just need a p 9 t clean their clthes. They need friendship. That is why yur jb is the mst imprtant jb in the laundrmat.”
My father’s wrds had the expected effect. Frm then n, I d the jb mre c 10 . After all, I had the mst imprtant jb in the laundrmat.
【答案】
(E)ven 2．(c)ustmer 3．(a)fter 4．(b)ring 5．(W)hy
6．(s)tpped 7．(f)ace 8．(b)ecause 9．(p)lace 10．(c)arefully
【導語】本文主要講述了作者家的洗衣店提供免費咖啡，作者一開始向父親抱怨，不明白為什么洗衣店要提供免費的咖啡，理解了父親的意圖之后，認真對待沖泡咖啡的工作。
1．句意：就連我退休的祖父也偶爾幫忙打掃。根據(jù)“It was a true family business.”及“my retired (退休的) grandfather helps with the cleaning nw and then.”可知，此處強調(diào)甚至退休的祖父也在幫忙打掃，even“甚至”，故填(E)ven。
2．句意：咖啡是免費的，幾乎每個顧客都會在等待干凈衣服的時候和我的家人喝一杯聊天。根據(jù)“waiting fr their clean clthes”可知，顧客在等待干凈的衣服時會和作者的家人喝一杯咖啡，custmer“顧客”，根據(jù)every可知，此空應填單數(shù)名詞，故填(c)ustmer。
3．句意：在放學后或周末的幾個小時里，我的工作就是讓咖啡壺保持滿滿的。根據(jù)“schl r n weekends”及首字母可知，此處指在放學后或在周末，after schl“放學后”，故填(a)fter。
4．句意：這是一件很無聊的工作，我睡覺的時候都能做。根據(jù)“jb that I culd have dne it in my sleep”及首字母可知，在睡覺的時候能做，說明它是一份很無聊的工作，bring“無聊的”，故填(b)ring。
5．句意：我們?yōu)槭裁匆涂Х龋扛鶕?jù)“We’re a Laundrmat, nt a cffee shp”可知，作者認為這是一個洗衣店而不是咖啡店，不懂為什么要送咖啡，故填(W)hy。
6．句意：他立刻停下手中的工作和我說話。根據(jù)“what he was ding t talk t me”及首字母可知，父親停止了手里的工作，而來跟作者說話，stp“停止”，描述過去發(fā)生的事情，動詞用過去式，故填(s)tpped。
7．句意：他臉上帶著一種耐心而嚴肅的表情說。根據(jù)“With a patient but serius expressin n his”及首字母可知，臉上出現(xiàn)了一種耐心而嚴肅的表情，face“臉”，故填(f)ace。
8．句意：孩子，人們選擇我們的洗衣店是因為我們像朋友一樣服務他們。空格后“we serve them like friends”是解釋人們選擇作者家洗衣店的原因，故填(b)ecause。
9．句意：人們需要的不僅僅是洗衣服的地方。根據(jù)“Peple dn’t just need a … t clean their clthes.”及首字母可知，不需要僅僅是洗衣服的地方，place“地方”，根據(jù)a可知，此空應填單數(shù)形式，故填(p)lace。
10．句意：從那時起，我更認真地做這項工作。根據(jù)“After all, I had the mst imprtant jb in the laundrmat”可知，聽到了父親的一席話，作者工作得更加認真了，此處副詞修飾動詞，carefully“認真地”，故填(c)arefully。
（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，寫出所缺單詞，使短文完整、通順。
Ali has wrked and lived in Shandng Prvince fr almst six years. When his friends suggested g 11 t Rizha fr a tw-day trip, the first things that came int his mind were its beautiful beaches and nice seafd. Rizha certainly ges b 12 that! It is als “hmetwn f green tea” in nrthern China. Rizha l 13 in the sutheast f Shandng Prvince near the Yellw Sea. It has pleasant weather, rich sil, and enugh sunlight. All these make it s 14 fr grwing high-quality green tea. Ali had the chance t pick tea leaves fr the first time in his life. “This is the first time I’ve learned abut Chinese tea culture. It’s a new and exciting experience fr me. It’s fantastic!” Ali said with a smile n his f 15 .
【答案】11．(g)ing
12．(b)eynd 13．(l)ies
14．(s)pecial 15．(f)ace
【導語】本文介紹了阿里將去山東日照旅行，日照作為中國北方的“綠茶之鄉(xiāng)”，其氣候和地理位置非常適合種植高品質(zhì)茶葉。
11．句意：當他的朋友建議去日照進行兩天的旅行時，他首先想到的是日照美麗的海灘和美味的海鮮。根據(jù)首字母及“When his friends suggested…t Rizha fr a tw-day trip”可知，此處指去日照。g“去”，動詞。suggest ding sth.“建議做某事”，動名詞作賓語。故填(g)ing。
12．句意：日照當然不止于此！根據(jù)首字母及“its beautiful beaches and nice seafd”及“It is als ‘hmetwn f green tea’ in nrthern China.”可知，日照不僅有美麗的海灘、美味的海鮮，還被稱為“綠茶之鄉(xiāng)”，此處應為短語g beynd“超越”。故填(b)eynd。
13．句意：日照位于山東省東南部，瀕臨黃海。根據(jù)首字母及“Rizha…in the sutheast f Shandng Prvince”可知，此處介紹日照的地理位置。lie in“位于”。本句陳述事實，故為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞用其單三形式。故填(l)ies。
14．句意：所有這些都使它特別適合種植高品質(zhì)的綠茶。根據(jù)首字母及“It has pleasant weather, rich sil, and enugh sunlight. All these make it…fr grwing high-quality green tea.”可知，日照的氣候和地質(zhì)使其特別適合種植高品質(zhì)綠茶。special“特別的”，形容詞，作賓補。故填(s)pecial。
15．句意：“這是我第一次了解中國茶文化。這對我來說是一次新的、激動人心的經(jīng)歷。太棒了！”阿里笑著說。根據(jù)首字母及“Ali said with a smile n his…”可知，阿里的臉上帶著笑容。face“臉”，名詞，由“his”可知，用其單數(shù)形式。故填(f)ace。
（2023·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）
閱讀短文，根據(jù)上下文和所給的首字母寫出所缺單詞。注意使用正確形式，每空限填一詞。
Tday is Duanwu Jie, r Dragn Bat Festival, ne f the mst imprtant festivals in China. Chinese peple r 16 the great patritic pet (愛國詩人) Qu Yuan by rwing dragn bats and making zngzi n this day.
My village is famus fr its great prtectin f traditinal c 17 and we have the best dragn bat race team f the city. Every year, villagers raise ur dragn bats frm under the river abut a mnth befre the festival. And then it is c 18 cleaned and repainted. Our dragn bat is already 40 years ld. Made f a special kind f wd, it is still strng enugh t l 19 fr a lng time.
This year, my elder brther is accepted int ur dragn bat race team as its yungest member. He’s nly 18, and I’m s p 20 f him.
【答案】16．(r)emember 17．(c)ulture/(c)ustms 18．(c)arefully/(c)mpletely/(c)autiusly 19．(l)ast 20．(p)rud
【導語】本文主要介紹了端午節(jié)的慶?；顒右约白髡叽迩f每年都會賽龍舟。
16．句意：中國人民在這一天劃龍舟、包粽子，紀念偉大的愛國詩人屈原。根據(jù)“great patritic pet (愛國詩人) QuYuan by rwing dragn bats and making zngzi n this day.”可知是指人們通過這些方式紀念屈原，remember“紀念”，是動詞，此處是描述事實，應用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是peple，動詞用原形，故填(r)emember。
17．句意：我的村莊以其對傳統(tǒng)文化/習俗/儀式的保護而聞名，我們有全市最好的龍舟隊。根據(jù)“My village is famus fr its great prtectin f traditinal”和首字母可知，此處可以指傳統(tǒng)文化也可以指傳統(tǒng)習俗。culture“文化”，此處是不可數(shù)名詞；custm“習俗”，此處名詞用復數(shù)。故填(c)ulture/(c)ustms。
18．句意：然后仔細/徹底/小心地清洗并重新粉刷。根據(jù)“Every year, villagers raise ur dragn bats frm under the river abut a mnth befre the festival.”可知每年端午節(jié)前一個月左右，村民們就會把龍舟從河底升起，結(jié)合首字母可知，然后應該是要仔細/徹底/小心地清洗并重新粉刷。carefully“仔細地”，cmpletely“完全地”，cautiusly“小心地”，副詞修飾動詞。故填(c)arefully/(c)mpletely/(c)autiusly。
19．句意：它由一種特殊的木材制成，仍然足夠堅固，可以使用很長時間。根據(jù)“Made f a special kind f wd”可知龍舟是由一種特殊的木材制成，很堅固，可以持續(xù)使用很長時間。last“持續(xù)”，動詞，空前有不定式符號，動詞用原形，故填(l)ast。
20．句意：他才18歲，我為他感到驕傲。根據(jù)“This year, my elder brther is accepted int ur dragn bat race team as its yungest member”結(jié)合首字母可知，此處是固定短語be prud f“為……感到自豪”，故填(p)rud。
（2023·江蘇揚州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和首字母提示，在下文空格處填入適當?shù)脑~使短文完整。在答題卡標有題號的橫線上，完整地寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式。（每空一詞）
Peter Pan wishes Wendy, Jhn and Michael, especially Wendy, wuld stay in Neverland frever, but finally the Darling children decide t fly back hme and grw up.
“Quick, Tink,” Peter whispers. “S 1 the windw. Then when Wendy cmes back, she will think her mther desn’t lve her anymre, and she will return t Neverland with me.”
Mrs. Darling is playing the pian. Peter didn’t knw the tune, Hme, Sweet Hme, b 2 he knws it’s saying, “Cme back, Wendy, Wendy, Wendy.” Peter lks thrugh the dr and sees tw big tears in Mrs. Darling’s eyes.
“She lves Wendy,” he thinks. “But I lve Wendy, t. We c 3 bth have her.”
He lks at Mrs. Darling again. The tw tears are still sitting n her e 4 .
“Oh, all right,” he says at last, sadly. Then he pens the windw.
When Wendy, Jhn, and Michael arrive, they find the windw 5 fr them. They all get int bed t surprise their mther.
When Mrs. Darling ges back t the children’s rm, they are all in their beds. They wait fr her t say smething, but she says n 6 . She thinks she is dreaming. She sits by the fire.
The children are s w 7 . Why isn’t their mther happy t see them again? All three f them jump ut f bed, run t her and shut, “Mther!” She realizes she is nt d 8 anymre. Mr. Darling and Nana cme in. They are all s happy. Peter w 9 them frm the windw but he is lking at smething he will never have.
Many years pass. When Peter visits Wendy again, she has g 10 up and has a daughter f her wn. Peter is still a by wh can’t grw up.
—Taken frm Peter Pan
【答案】
1．(S)hut 2．(b)ut 3．(c)an’t 4．(e)yes 5．()pen 6．(n)thing 7．(w)rried 8．(d)reaming 9．(w)atches 10．(g)rwn
【導語】本文出自文學作品《彼得·潘》，講述了小飛俠彼得·潘決定把朋友送回家的故事。
1．句意：關(guān)上窗戶。根據(jù)“S... the windw”可知，彼得想關(guān)上窗戶，shut“關(guān)閉”符合語境，祈使句用動詞原形開頭。故填(S)hut。
2．句意：彼得不知道《家，甜蜜的家》這首曲子，但他知道它在說：“回來吧，溫蒂，溫蒂?！薄８鶕?jù)“Peter didn’t knw”和“he knws”可知，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but連接。故填(b)ut。
3．句意：我們不可能都擁有她。根據(jù)“She lves Wendy”和“But I lve Wendy, t.”可知，他們都愛溫蒂，但不能同時擁有她，can’t“不能”符合語境。故填(c)an’t。
4．句意：那兩滴眼淚仍然留在她的眼睛上。根據(jù)“tw tears”可知，眼淚仍然留在她的眼睛上，eye“眼睛”，用復數(shù)。故填(e)yes。
5．句意：當溫蒂、約翰和邁克爾到達時，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)窗戶為他們打開了。根據(jù)“Then he pens the windw.”可知，窗戶是開著的，pen“打開的”，形容詞作賓補。故填()pen。
6．句意：他們等她說什么，但她什么也沒說。根據(jù)“They wait fr her t say smething, but…”可知，她什么也沒說，不定代詞nthing“什么都沒有”符合語境。故填(n)thing。
7．句意：孩子們很擔心。根據(jù)“Why isn’t their mther happy t see them again?”可知，孩子們是擔心的，wrried“擔心的”，形容詞作表語。故填(w)rried。
8．句意：她意識到自己不是在做夢了。根據(jù)“All three f them jump ut f bed, run t her and shut, ‘Mther!’ ”可知，孩子們?nèi)ズ皨寢專屗雷约簺]有在做夢，孩子們真的回來了，dream“做夢”，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式與is構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進行時。故填(d)reaming。
9．句意：彼得從窗戶看著他們，但他看到的是他永遠不會擁有的東西。根據(jù)“but he is lking at smething he will never have.”可知，彼得在看著他們，watch“看，注視”符合語境，時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是“Peter”，動詞用三單。故填(w)atches。
10．句意：當彼得再次拜訪溫蒂時，她已經(jīng)長大了，有了自己的女兒。根據(jù)“Many years pass.”可知，溫蒂長大了，grw up“長大”，固定短語，grw用過去分詞形式與has構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時。故填(g)rwn。
（2023·天津·統(tǒng)考中考真題）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使短文意思完整。每空限填一詞。
A smile shws that a persn is happy. Fr example, a persn may smile when he r she is p 11 with sme prgress in studies. Or a persn may smile if a friend tells a funny jke. There are ther gd r 12 t smile ften.
First, it is e 13 t smile than t shw unhappiness. In fact, it nly takes 17 muscles (肌肉) t smile. On the ther hand, it takes 43 muscles t shw unhappiness. S give the muscles in yur f 14 a rest and smile!
Secnd, smiles are nice. Peple may try t l 15 nice by exercising r wearing nice clthes. Hwever, peple ften say a smile is the best thing a persn can wear. That is because it is easy t be a 16 smene wh is smiling and happy. Almst n ne wants t stay with smene wh is always unhappy.
Third, smiles have pwer (感染力). Bth smiling and laughing can easily and quickly s 17 frm ne persn t anther. If ne persn smiles, peple arund him r her want t smile, t. Similarly, when a persn laughs, peple tend (往往會) t laugh with him r her. If a persn is s 18 , the best thing t d is t share a smile r a laugh. It is the easiest way t cheer smene up.
F 19 , smiling and laughing are very gd fr the bdy. Even thugh yu are sad, try smiling. Yu’ll find that it will be difficult t s 20 sad fr very lng!
【答案】
11．(p)leased 12．(r)easns 13．(e)asier 14．(f)ace 15．(l)k 16．(a)rund 17．(s)pread 18．(s)ad 19．(F)inally 20．(s)tay
【導語】本文主要介紹了對別人微笑的好處。
11．句意：例如，當一個人對學習上的進步感到滿意時，他或她可能會微笑。be pleased with“對……感到滿意”，此處指對學習上的進步感到滿意。故填(p)leased。
12．句意：還有其他的好理由經(jīng)常微笑。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容及首字母r可知下文中介紹了微笑的理由，reasn“理由，原因”，ther后接名詞復數(shù)。故填(r)easns。
13．句意：首先，微笑比表現(xiàn)不開心更容易。根據(jù)“In fact, it nly takes 17 muscles t smile. On the ther hand, it takes 43 muscles t shw unhappiness.”可知微笑比表現(xiàn)不開心更容易，is后接easy的比較級easier表示“更容易的”。故填(e)asier。
14．句意：所以，讓你臉上的肌肉休息一下，微笑吧！根據(jù)“In fact, it nly takes 17 muscles t smile. On the ther hand, it takes 43 muscles t shw unhappiness.”可推出此處用的是臉部肌肉，結(jié)合首字母f可知用face表示“臉”。故填(f)ace。
15．句意：人們可能會通過鍛煉或穿漂亮的衣服來使自己看起來漂亮。根據(jù)“by exercising r wearing nice clthes”可知做這些是為了看起來漂亮，lk“看起來”，不定式符號t后用動詞原形，構(gòu)成不定式。故填(l)k。
16．句意：這是因為我們很容易和一個微笑和快樂的人在一起。根據(jù)“Almst n ne wants t stay with smene wh is always unhappy.”可知待在愛笑的人周圍很容易，用arund表示“在……周圍”。故填(a)rund。
17．句意：微笑和大笑都能輕易而迅速地從一個人傳播到另一個人。根據(jù)“frm ne persn t anther”可知此處指從人到人的傳播，spread“傳播”，can后用動詞原形。故填(s)pread。
18．句意：如果一個人悲傷，最好的辦法就是分享一個微笑或大笑。根據(jù)“It is the easiest way t cheer smene up.”可知要使難過的人高興起來，is后接形容詞sad表示“難過的”。故填(s)ad。
19．句意：最后，微笑和大笑對身體很好。根據(jù)“First ... Secnd ... Third ...”及首字母F可知此處用Finally表示“最后”。故填(F)inally。
20．句意：你會發(fā)現(xiàn)保持悲傷很長時間是很困難的！根據(jù)“fr very lng”可知此處指長時間保持悲傷，stay“保持，停留”。故填(s)tay。
（2023·江蘇連云港·統(tǒng)考中考真題）
根據(jù)短文意思和首字母提示，寫出一個完整正確的單詞。
The traditinal Chinese lunar calendar has 24 slar terms (節(jié)氣) in a year. Ancient Chinese peple created this system t m 21 the change f time based n the sun’s psitin. In ancient times, this system guided farming activities. It t 22 farmers what t d accrding t the changes in temperature. Tday, 24 slar terms still play an imprtant rle in Chinese peple’s e 23 life. They remind peple f the changes in s 24 and t eat suitable fd. This ancient time system has gained new charm nw. In Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, the directr used a new cuntdwn (倒計時) methd, shwing 24 slar terms instead f numbers. This creative methd was greatly p 25 by peple arund the wrld. They are amazed by the wisdm f Chinese peple.
【答案】21．(m)ark 22．(t)ld 23．(e)veryday 24．(s)easns 25．(p)raised
【導語】本文主要介紹了中國古人創(chuàng)造的24節(jié)氣以及這個古老的時間系統(tǒng)帶來的新的魅力。
21．句意：中國古人創(chuàng)造這個系統(tǒng)是為了根據(jù)太陽的位置來標記時間的變化。根據(jù)“Ancient Chinese peple created this system t change f time based n the sun’s psitin.”可知24節(jié)氣是為了根據(jù)太陽的位置來標記時間的變化，mark“標記”，動詞，空前有不定式符號t，動詞用原形，故填(m)ark。
22．句意：它告訴農(nóng)民根據(jù)溫度的變化做什么。根據(jù)“farmers what t d accrding t the changes in temperature”可知24個節(jié)氣可以告訴農(nóng)民根據(jù)溫度的變化來做事情，tell“告訴”，此處是說在古代的時候，應用一般過去時，動詞用過去式，故填(t)ld。
23．句意：今天，24節(jié)氣在中國人的日常生活中仍然扮演著重要的角色。根據(jù)“play an imprtant rle in Chinese peple’s ”可知是指日常生活，應用everyday life。故填(e)veryday。
24．句意：他們提醒人們季節(jié)的變化和吃合適的食物。根據(jù)“They remind peple f the changes in s...”可知是指季節(jié)的變化，seasn“季節(jié)”，可數(shù)名詞，此處應用復數(shù)，故填(s)easns。
25．句意：這種創(chuàng)造性的方法受到了全世界人民的極大贊揚。根據(jù)“They are amazed by the wisdm f Chinese peple.”以及空處單詞的首字母可知，這種創(chuàng)造性的方法被全世界人們贊揚。praise“贊揚”，動詞，和主語之間是被動關(guān)系，所以動詞用過去分詞，故填(p)raised。
(2022中考真題）
（一）（2022·廣東廣州·中考真題）
閱讀短文，根據(jù)上下文和所給的首字母寫出所缺單詞。注意使用正確形式，每空限填一詞。答卷時，要求寫出完整單詞。
Dunbuang is a histric city in Gansu. In ancient times, Dunhuang was an imprtant c ___46___ f trade. As the Silk Rad develped, Dunhuang became China’s western gateway t the wrld. Here, different cultures met and influenced each ther. Peple frm f ___47___ cuntries did business and cmmunicated with the lcal peple.
If yu v ___48___ Dunhuang, yu will be able t see the Mga Caves（莫高窟）. If yu walk i ___49___ , yu will discver sme f the wnderful artwrks. There are ver 45,000 square metres f beautiful paintings n the cave walls, as well as thusands f statues.
Over the years, China has made great effrts t prtect the Mga Caves. Tday, yu can als find high-quality phts f the artwrks n the Internet. Peple all ver the wrld nw have a c ___50___ t see Dunhuang’s treasures nline.
【答案】46．(c)entre##(c)enter
47．(f)reign
48．(v)isit
49．(i)nside
50．(c)hance
【解析】
【導語】
本文講述敦煌在古代是貿(mào)易中心，講述在敦煌可以看到莫高窟和很多藝術(shù)作品，講述現(xiàn)在人們可以在網(wǎng)上看到敦煌的財寶。
46．
句意：在古代，敦煌是一個重要的貿(mào)易中心。根據(jù)“an”可知用單數(shù)名詞作表語。根據(jù)“As the Silk Rad develped, Dunhuang became China’s western gateway t the wrld”及首字母提示，可知，句子講述敦煌古代是貿(mào)易中心，用名詞“center”或“centre”。故填(c)entre/(c)enter。
47．
句意：外國的人和當?shù)氐娜私?jīng)商和交流。名詞“cuntries”前用形容詞修飾，根據(jù)“different cultures”及首字母提示，可知句子表達外國的人，用形容詞“freign”。故填(f)reign。
48．
句意：如果你參觀敦煌，你能看到莫高窟。這是“if”引導的條件狀語從句，遵循主將從現(xiàn)的原則，主句是一般將來時，從句是一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。根據(jù)“yu will be able t see the Mga Caves”及首字母提示，可知句子表達參觀敦煌，主語是“yu”，動詞用“visit”。故填(v)isit。
49．
句意：如果你走進去，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)一些完美的藝術(shù)作品。動詞“walk”用副詞修飾，根據(jù)“discver sme f the wnderful artwrks”及首字母提示，可知句子表達走進去，用“walk inside”。故填(i)nside。
50．
句意：全世界的人現(xiàn)在有機會在網(wǎng)上看到敦煌的財寶。動詞“have”后缺賓語，根據(jù)“a”可知是單數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)“t see Dunhuang’s treasures nline” 及首字母提示，可知句子表達有機會，用“have a chance t d”。故填(c)hance。
（二）（2022·湖北武漢·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當?shù)膯卧~，單詞的第一個字母已給出。
Erie Green has always wndered abut things that live in the cean. When he was y____46____ , he lved t swim. He liked t watch all kinds f underwater animals and plants thrugh his mask (潛水面罩). When he grew up, he wanted t l____47____ fr new things in the cean.
Tday, Mr. Green is a marine eclgist (海洋生態(tài)學家). He studies hw underwater animals and plants cnnect with each ther and need each ther t stay a____48____.
Mr. Green studies cral reefs (珊瑚) in the Pacific Ocean. A cral reef is like a big underwater t____49____. Thusands f animals and plants live there. They cmpete fr fd and space there. As a result, the beautiful cral reefs get i____50____ easily.
Mr. Green als studies hw peple’s actins can change cral reefs. Smetimes peple pllute the water r verfish, s the w____51____ that all the living things are jined tgether has been changed. If cral reefs get hurt, many animals have t find new hmes. Sme animals’ n____52____ drp lw, and sme animals just disappear. Mr. Green wants t p____53____ this frm happening.
Mr. Green believes that all living things in a cral reef shuld be k____54____ safe. “Underwater ecsystems are like airplanes,” Mr. Green says. “They need all f their parts t wrk crrectly.” “T take better care f marine hmes, we first must k____55____ them. Only thrugh that, can we understand the great influence humans have n these places.” Mr. Green says.
【答案】46．(y)ung
47．(l)k
48．(a)live
49．(t)wn
50．(i)njured
51．(w)ay
52．(n)umbers
53．(p)revent
54．(k)ept
55．(k)nw
【解析】
【導語】
本文主要講述了海洋生態(tài)學家格林先生意識到珊瑚礁所面臨的問題以及它們的重要性，呼吁人們要先了解它們并保護它們。
46．
句意：當他年輕的時候，他喜歡游泳。was后接形容詞作表語，根據(jù)“When he grew up”及首字母可知，年輕的時候喜歡游泳，yung“年輕的”符合，故填(y)ung。
47．
句意：當他長大后，他想在海洋中尋找新的東西。根據(jù)“he wanted t … fr new things in the cean”及首字母可知，此處指在海洋中尋找新東西，lk fr“尋找”，want t d sth“想要做某事”，此空應填動詞原形，故填(l)k。
48．
句意：他研究水下的動物和植物是如何相互聯(lián)系、相互需要以維持生存的。根據(jù)“underwater animals and plants cnnect with each ther and need each ther t stay”及首字母可知，水下的動植物相互維持生存，alive“活著的”，形容詞作表語，故填(a)live。
49．
句意：珊瑚礁就像一個巨大的水下小鎮(zhèn)。根據(jù)“A cral reef is like a big underwater”及首字母可知，把珊瑚礁比喻成一個巨大的小鎮(zhèn)，twn“城鎮(zhèn)”，a修飾名詞的單數(shù)形式，故填(t)wn。
50．
句意：因此，美麗的珊瑚礁很容易受傷。根據(jù)“They cmpete fr fd and space there”可知，因為食物和生存的空間相互競爭，導致珊瑚礁受傷，get injured“受傷”，故填(i)njured。
51．
句意：有時人們污染水或過度捕撈，所以所有生物的連接方式已經(jīng)改變。根據(jù)“the …that all the living things are jined tgether has been changed”及首字母可知，連接方式改變了，way“方式”。根據(jù)has可知，此空應填單數(shù)名詞，故填(w)ay。
52．
句意：有些動物的數(shù)量下降了，有些動物就消失了。根據(jù)“Sme animals’ … drp lw, sme animals just disappear”可知，有些數(shù)量少了，有些消失了，number“數(shù)量”，句子是一般現(xiàn)在時，drp是動詞原形，故此空應填名詞復數(shù)形式，故填(n)umbers。
53．
句意：格林先生想阻止這種事情發(fā)生。根據(jù)“Mr. Green wants t … this frm happening”及首字母可知，想阻止這一切發(fā)生，prevent…frm ding sth“阻止某事發(fā)生”，want t d sth“想要做某事”，此空應填動詞原形，故填(p)revent。
54．
句意：格林先生認為珊瑚礁里的所有生物都應該保護好。根據(jù)“They need all f their parts t wrk crrectly”可知，珊瑚礁里的每一部分都需要正常工作，所以它們應該被保護起來，keep“保持”，be與過去分詞構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，故填(k)ept。
55．
句意：要更好地照顧海洋家園，我們首先必須了解它們。根據(jù)“we first must…them”及“can we understand the great influence humans have n these places”可知，只有先了解珊瑚礁，才能理解人類對這些地方的巨大影響，knw“了解”，情態(tài)動詞must后接動詞原形，故填(k)nw。
（三）（2022·江蘇連云港·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文意思和首字母提示，寫出一個完整正確的單詞。
Erhu is ne f the mst imprtant Chinese instruments. It has a histry f ____51____ 1,000 years. It is said that Erhu did nt get its name u____52____ the late Qing Dynasty. It has been imprved gradually since it appeared. It is als c____53____ the Chinese vilin because its tne is as sft and bright as the vilin’s. There are many w____54____ pieces f music played by Erhu, such as The Mn Reflected n the Er-quan Spring. Yu can g and e____55____ the charm f them. I hpe yu’ll lve them.
【答案】51．()ver
52．(u)ntil
53．(c)alled
54．(w)nderful##(w)rld-famus
55．(e)njy##(e)xperience
【解析】
【導語】
本文主要介紹了二胡的發(fā)展歷史。
51．
句意：它有一千多年的歷史。根據(jù)“ It has a histry f … 1,000 years”可知，此處指1000多年的歷史，ver“超過”，故填()ver。
52．
句意：據(jù)說二胡直到清末才得名。 根據(jù)“It is said that Erhu did nt get its name … the late Qing Dynasty.”可知，此處用nt…until表示“直到……才”，故填(u)ntil。
53．
句意：它也被稱為中國小提琴，因為它的音調(diào)和小提琴一樣柔和明亮。根據(jù)“It is als c… the Chinese vilin”及首字母可知，二胡也被稱為中國小提琴，call“稱呼”，主語it與動詞call之間是被動關(guān)系，此處用被動語態(tài)be dne的結(jié)構(gòu)，空格前已有is，故此空填過去分詞，故填(c)alled。
54．
句意：用二胡演奏了許多美妙/著名的樂曲。根據(jù)“pieces f music”及首字母可知，此處指美妙的或者是著名的樂曲，wnderful“美妙的”，wrld-famus“著名的”，故填(w)nderful/(w)rld-famus。
55．
句意：你可以去欣賞/體驗它們的魅力。此空與g構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，故此空也應填入一個動詞原形，根據(jù)“the charm f them”及首字母可知，欣賞它們的魅力，enjy“欣賞”，experience“體驗”，故填(e)njy/(e)xperience。
（四）（2022·江蘇揚州·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和首字母提示，在下文空格處填入適當?shù)脑~使短文完整，完整地寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式。（每空一詞）
The Grand Canal（大運河）is a man-made waterway that runs nrth and suth in eastern China. Dating back 2,500 years and stretching 1,794 kilmeters, it is amng the wrld’s ldest and l___51___ canals. Yangzhu China Grand Canal Museum is lcated n the bank f the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhu, ne f the eight c___52___ in Jiangsu prvince sitting alng the Grand Canal.
The museum ___53___ its drs t the public n June 16,2021. It cvers an area f sme 80,000 square meters. It has tw structures: a fur-stry building in the s___54___ f a giant ship waiting t set sail, and a 100-meter-tall Tang-Dynasty-style twer.
The museum has 11 themed exhibitins（展覽）. They are telling the h___55___ f the Sui-Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties（581-907）, the Beijing-Hangzhu Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. These canals ffer a wealth f histric and cultural attractins w___56___ they cntinue t be used fr transprt, irrigatin（灌溉）and fld cntrl. The 25.7-meter-lng, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River sectin is c___57___ by many as the “treasure f the museum”.
S far, the museum has ver 10,000 exhibits（展品）, including 20 grups f large nes, making it the best cllectin t shw the grandness f the canal and h___58___ peple changed nature.
Passing t___59___ the exhibitin hall and int the antiquated（老式的）streets, visitrs can see restaurants and shps alng the street, as if walking in the water village n the canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Yangzhu China Grand Canal Museum is different frm all the ther m____60____ which are themed n the Grand Canal in China. Why nt cme and visit it yurself?
【答案】51．(l)ngest
52．(c)ities
53．()pened
54．(s)hape
55．(h)istry
56．(w)hile
57．(c)nsidered
58．(h)w
59．(t)hrugh
60．(m)useums
【解析】
【導語】
本文講述揚州中國運河博物館的修建，結(jié)構(gòu)和它的獨特之處。
51．
句意：2500年之前建造，延伸1794千米的大運河躋身世界最古老和最長的運河。根據(jù)“l(fā)dest and”可知，用形容詞最高級形成并列。根據(jù)首字母提示，可知表達最長的，用最高級“l(fā)ngest”。故填(l)ngest。
52．
句意：揚州中國運河博物館位于揚州古代大運河的岸邊，揚州是江蘇省沿著大運河的八大城市之一。句子用“ne f 復數(shù)名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表達“最……之一”。根據(jù)“Yangzhu”，“in Jiangsu prvince”及首字母提示，可知表達城市，用復數(shù)名詞“cities”。故填(c)ities。
53．
句意：博物館在2021年6月16日向大眾開放。句子缺謂語動詞，根據(jù)“June 16,2021”可知是一般過去時，動詞用過去式。根據(jù)“its drs t the public”及首字母提示，可知，句子表達打開大門，用過去式“pened”。故填()pened。
54．
句意：它有兩部分結(jié)構(gòu)，像一艘等著航行的大船的四層的建筑，和一座100米高的唐代的塔。根據(jù)“f a giant ship waiting t set sail”及首字母提示，可知，句子表達建筑的形狀，用“in the shape f”。故填(s)hape。
55．
句意：它們講述了隋朝和唐朝建造的隋唐大運河，北京到杭州的大運河和東部浙江運河的歷史。定冠詞“the”后用名詞。根據(jù)“These canals ffer a wealth f histric and cultural attractins”可知，句子表達講述了運河的歷史北京，根據(jù)首字母提示可知用名詞“histry”。故填(h)istry。
56．
句意：這些運河提供了豐富的歷史和文化景點，同時它們繼續(xù)被用于運輸、灌溉和防洪。根據(jù)“These canals ffer a wealth f histric and cultural cntinue t be used fr transprt, irrigatin and fld cntrl.”可知，前后句的動作是同時發(fā)生的，運河提供了豐富的歷史和文化景點的同時，運河也被用于運輸、灌溉和防洪。用連詞while表示“與……同時”。故填(w)hile。
57．
句意：長25.7米，高8米的古汴河段被許多人認為是“博物館的瑰寶”。句子缺謂語動詞，根據(jù)“by”可知是被動結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)首字母提示可知句子用“be cnsidered as”表達“被看作是……”。故填(c)nsidered。
58．
句意：到目前為止，博物館包含了一萬種展品，包括二十組大型的展品，使得它成為最好的收藏品，展示了大運河的宏大和人們怎樣改變大自然。根據(jù)“peple changed nature”可知后面是賓語從句，根據(jù)首字母提示，可知句子表達“怎樣人們改變大自然”，用疑問詞“hw”引導從句。故填(h)w。
59．
句意：穿過展覽館，進入老式的街道，游客可以看到街道兩邊的餐館和商店，好像走在明清時期運河上的水村里。根據(jù)“Passing”及“the exhibitin hall”可知，句子表達從展覽館內(nèi)部穿過，用短語“pass thrugh”。故填(t)hrugh。
60．
句意：揚州大運河博物館以中國的大運河為主題，和所有其他的博物館是不同的。根據(jù)“Yangzhu China Grand Canal Museum”及“which are themed n the Grand Canal”可知，此處是指其它博物館，且需用復數(shù)形式“museums”。故填(m)useums。
（五）（2022·天津·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使短文意思完整。每空限填一詞。
In the small villages f Kenya (肯尼亞), Africa, mst kids want t read bks. But n rads g t their hmes, nly miles and miles f sand. Cars and trucks are nt useful, s____46____ library bks arrive n the backs f camels. Camels can handle (應付) the sand and the bks. Tw camels, a camel driver, and a librarian (圖書管理員) w____47____ t the villages tgether. One camel carries abut 180 kils f bks, and the ther carries a tent. At each village, the librarian sets up the tent and shws the b____48____ t the kids inside. Tw weeks later, the camels c____49____ back with new bks.
Sme peple in the muntains f nrthern Thailand (泰國) get bks in a d____50____ way. Their “l(fā)____51____” are carried by elephants. These animals can handle the difficult jurney. Because they are large, they can carry many bks in metal cases (金屬箱). The metal prtects the bks frm the heavy rains that f____52____ in the area.
Indnesia (印度尼西亞) has its wn difficulties. The cuntry has ver 17,000 islands. Mst peple t____53____ by bat and they als carry their bks by bat. A library bat hlds(容納) abut 500 bks in bxes. Bxes f bks are left in villages and are traded (交換) fr new bks a few weeks l____54____.
Fr peple wh live far and can’t get t a library, a library that cmes t them brings mre than bks. It brings a whle w_____55_____ f infrmatin.
【答案】46．(s)
47．(w)alk
48．(b)ks
49．(c)me
50．(d)ifferent
51．(l)ibraries
52．(f)all
53．(t)ravel
54．(l)ater
55．(w)rld
【解析】
【導語】
本文主要介紹了一些貧窮國家的一些特殊的運送圖書的方式。
46．
句意：汽車和卡車沒有用處，所以圖書館的書是騎在駱駝背上的。根據(jù)“Cars and trucks are nt bks arrive n the backs f camels”以及首字母可知前后兩句是因果關(guān)系，前因后果，用s引導。故填(s)。
47．
句意：兩只駱駝、一個駱駝司機和一個圖書管理員一起步行到村莊。根據(jù)“Tw camels, a camel driver, and a librarian”以及首字母并結(jié)合上文可知汽車和卡車沒有用，所以他們是步行，walk“步行”，句子使用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是復數(shù)，動詞用原形。故填(w)alk。
48．
句意：在每個村莊，圖書管理員都會搭起帳篷，向里面的孩子們展示書籍。根據(jù)“the librarian sets up the tent and shws the kids inside”以及首字母可知圖書管理員給孩子展示書籍，表泛指用名詞復數(shù)bks“書”。故填(b)ks。
49．
句意：兩周后，駱駝帶著新書回來了。根據(jù)“back with new bks”以及首字母可知是帶著新書回來，cme back“回來”，句子使用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是復數(shù)，動詞用原形。故填(c)me。
50．
句意：泰國北部山區(qū)的一些人以不同的方式獲取書籍。根據(jù)“Sme peple in the muntains f nrthern Thailand(泰國) get bks in”以及首字母并結(jié)合下文可知泰國人獲取書籍的方式也不同，修飾名詞用形容詞different“不同的”。故填(d)ifferent。
51．
句意：他們的“圖書館”由大象攜帶。根據(jù)“are carried by elephants”以及首字母可知此處指圖書館，library“圖書館”，根據(jù)are可知主語用名詞復數(shù)。故填(l)ibraries。
52．
句意：金屬保護書籍免受該地區(qū)的大雨影響。根據(jù)“The metal prtects the bks frm the heavy rains”以及首字母可知是下雨，fall“落下”，句子使用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是復數(shù)，動詞用原形。故填(f)all。
53．
句意：大多數(shù)人乘船旅行，他們也乘船攜帶書籍。根據(jù)“by bat and they als carry their bks by bat.”以及首字母可知是乘船旅行，travel“旅行”，句子使用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是復數(shù)，動詞用原形。故填(t)ravel。
54．
句意：成箱的書留在村子里，幾周后被換成新書。根據(jù)“Bxes f bks are left in villages and are traded(交換) fr new bks a few weeks”以及首字母可知是幾周后換新書，later“之后”。故填(l)ater。
55．
句意：它帶來了很多信息。根據(jù)“It brings a infrmatin”以及首字母可知是很多信息，a wrld f“很多”。故填(w)rld。
（六）（2022·江蘇徐州·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，寫出所缺單詞，使短文完整、通順。
When peple meet strangers, they ften have small talks. These talks are a gd way fr peple t s____1____ hell. The talks cver many tpics, such as weather, films, sprts, TV shws ____2____ the latest news. But we shuld always keep it in mind that p____3____ subjects abut mney, age, and weight shuld be avided. Besides, it’s better t ask pen-ended questins. If yu ask, “D yu like ur city?” They may say s____4____, “Yes”. If yu ask, “What d yu think f ur city?” They will have mre freedm in answering. This type f questin als shws that yu are interested in them. If yu seem interested in w____5____ peple are saying, they will feel mre cmfrtable talking with yu.
【答案】1．(s)ay
2．()r
3． (p)rivate
4．(s)imply
5．(w)hat
【解析】
【導語】
本文主要講述了當人們遇到陌生人時，針對不同群體如何進行簡短的交談。
1．句意：這些談話是人們打招呼的好方式。根據(jù)“These talks are a gd way fr peple ”結(jié)合首字母提示可知，此處是指打招呼，say hell符合語境，空前有不定式，動詞用原形，故填(s)ay。
2．句意：談話涉及很多話題，如天氣、電影、體育、電視節(jié)目或最新的新聞。根據(jù)“such as weather, films, sprts, TV latest news.”結(jié)合首字母可知，此處是在表示列舉，r符合語境，故填()r。
3．句意：但是我們應該記住，關(guān)于金錢、年齡和體重的私人話題應該避免。根據(jù)“mney, age, and weight shuld be avided”可知金錢、年齡和體重都是隱私，private“私人的”，形容詞作定語，故填(p)rivate。
4．句意：他們可能會簡單地說：“是的”。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知空處應用副詞修飾動詞，結(jié)合首字母提示應填simply“僅僅”符合語境，故填(s)imply。
5．句意：如果你對別人說的話感興趣，他們會覺得和你交談更舒服。分析句子可知此處是賓語從句，連接詞在從句中作賓語，what符合，故填(w)hat。
（七）（2022·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及所給首字母提示寫出所缺單詞，使短文意思完整，每空一詞。
T many yung Chinese peple, Premier Zhu Enlai is knwn as a key funder f the New China. But f____6____ peple knw he nce wrte a martial arts nvel called Jin Gu Ying Xing.
Recently, a Sina Weib user m____7____ this nvel written by Zhu mre than a century ag. Many yung peple shwed a strng i____8____ in it and their admiratin fr the early pineers f China. Anther user psted the first page f the nvel which Zhu wrte at the a____9____ f 16. It was published under Zhu’s pseudnym(筆名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine beginning in Octber, 1914. Hwever, the nvel was never cmpleted, but it can be fund a____10____. The Early Wrks f Zhu Enlai were published by the Central Party Literature Press in 1998.
A____11____ many yung peple expressed the regret that Zhu did nt g n with the nvel, they said he played a mre imprtant rle in China’s histry. One wrte “The nvel was stpped but Premier Zhu went n t s____12____ the Chinese natin ut f danger!” Anther added, “He gave up a nvel, but he wrte a histry f m____13____ China.” A 29-year-ld cmputer engineer said, “The pineers f China are spiritual leaders fr me. Remembering them helped me build up the r____14____ values. When I face prblems in life, I am always reminded nt t f____15____ the lives f thse pineers. The difficulties I face nw are nthing cmpared with what they experienced.”
【答案】6．(f)ew
7．(m)entined
8．(i)nterest
9．(a)ge
10．(a)mng
11．(A)lthugh
12．(s)ave
13．(m)dern
14．(r)ight##(r)eal
15．(f)rget
【解析】
【導語】
本文講述了周恩來總理曾寫過一部小說《金國英雄》，雖然小說沒有寫完，但是他在中國歷史上扮演著更重要的角色，創(chuàng)造了一部中國近代史。
6．
句意：但很少有人知道他曾經(jīng)寫過一部武俠小說《金國英雄》。根據(jù)“T many yung Chinese peple, Premier Zhu Enlai is knwn as a key funder f the New China”以及“but”對比可知，此處指的是few“幾乎沒有”，故填(f)ew。
7．
句意：最近，一位新浪微博用戶提到了周恩來一個多世紀前寫的這部小說。根據(jù)“a Sina Weib nvel”及首字母提示可知，此處指的是mentin“提到”，是動詞，結(jié)合上下文可知，此處應用過去式，故填(m)entined。
8．
句意：許多年輕人對它表現(xiàn)出濃厚的興趣，對中國早期的先驅(qū)者表示欽佩。根據(jù)“Many yung peple shwed a it and their admiratin fr the early pineers f China.”及首字母提示可知，此處指的是interest“興趣”，空前有a修飾，名詞用單數(shù)形式，故填(i)nterest。
9．
句意：另一位用戶發(fā)布了周恩來16歲時寫的小說的第一頁。根據(jù)“at 16”及首字母提示可知，此處是at the age f“在……歲時”，故填(a)ge。
10．
句意：然而，小說從未完成，但卻能在其中找到它。根據(jù)“ It was published under Zhu’s pseudnym(筆名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine beginning in Octber, nvel was never cmpleted, but it can be Early Wrks f Zhu Enlai published by the Central Party Literature Press in 1998.”及首字母提示可知，此處指的是“在之前發(fā)表的雜志中可以找到”，此處應用amng“在……中”，故填(a)mng。
11．
句意：盡管許多年輕人對周恩來未能繼續(xù)創(chuàng)作這部小說表示遺憾，但他們表示，周恩來在中國歷史上扮演著更重要的角色。根據(jù)“many yung peple expressed the regret that Zhu did nt g n with the nvel, they said he played a mre imprtant rle in China’s histry.”及首字母提示可知，此處應用althugh“雖然”引導讓步狀語從句，故填(A)lthugh。
12．
句意：有人寫道：“小說被叫停了，但周總理繼續(xù)把中華民族從危險中拯救出來！”根據(jù)“The nvel was stpped but”及首字母提示可知，此處在說“周總理繼續(xù)拯救中華民族”，故填(s)ave。
13．
句意：另一個補充道：“他放棄了一部小說，但他寫了一部中國近代史。”根據(jù)“wrte a histry ”及首字母提示可知，此處指的是“創(chuàng)造了一部中國近代史”，mdern“現(xiàn)代的”，故填(m)dern。
14．
句意：記住它們幫助我建立正確的價值觀。根據(jù)首字母提示及“When I face prblems in life, I am always reminded nt lives f thse pineers.”可知，此處指的是right/real“正確的/真的”價值觀，故填(r)ight/(r)eal。
15．
句意：當我面對生活中的問題時，我總是被提醒不要忘記那些開拓者的生活。根據(jù)“I am always reminded nt lives f thse pineers.”及首字母提示可知，此處指的是“不會忘記……”，frget“忘記”，故填(f)rget。
（八）（2022·江蘇泰州·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，補全空格內(nèi)單詞，使短文完整、通順（請在答題卡上寫出完整單詞）。
It was a beautiful fall day. I was ut riding my bicycle. I guessed I rde ver a hle in the rad. All f a sudden, WHAM(砰)! I fell ff my bicycle. My right side really h__16__!
My head hit the grund h__17__. I lay there fr a few minutes. I tried t get up, b__18__ I failed! “There must be s__19__ wrng with me,” I thught. I felt s t__20__ that I had t still lie there. Then I saw b__21__ n my she. My hand and knee were bleeding.
As I lay there, I tk ff my helmet. There was a sharp rck sticking ut f it. I lked at it in f__22__. Thank gdness I wre my helmet!
I shuted fr help. At that time, a truck went by. The driver s__23__ his truck and came t help me. He put my bicycle in the back f his truck and drve me t the hspital.
When my mther gt t the hspital, she gave me a big hug(擁抱). “I’m s glad yu were wearing yur helmet. The helmet saved yur life,” she said. She knew I was c__24__ befre and did nt always wear my helmet. “Mum, it was nt the helmet i__25__ that saved my life, but safety awareness did. I’ll ride my bicycle with great care later n!”
【答案】16．(h)urt
17．(h)eavily
18．(b)ut
19．(s)mething
20．(t)errible
21．(b)ld
22．(f)ear
23．(s)tpped
24．(c)areless
25．(i)tself
【解析】
【導語】
本文講述了作者在騎車時重重的摔倒，安全意識救了他的命的故事。
16．句意：我的右側(cè)真的很痛！根據(jù)“I fell ff my bicycle.”和首字母可知，此處是指受傷了。hurt“受傷”，動詞；本文主體時態(tài)為一般過去時，hurt的過去式還是hurt。故填(h)urt。
17．句意：我的頭重重地撞在地上。根據(jù)“I lay there fr a few minutes.”和首字母可知，此處是指重重地摔在地下。heavily“重重地”，副詞修飾動詞。故填(h)eavily。
18．句意：我想站起來，但我失敗了！根據(jù)“I failed!”可知，句子前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，結(jié)合首字母可知是連詞but“但是”。故填(b)ut。
19．句意：我一定有什么問題。根據(jù)“There must with me,”可知，作者的腦袋重重地摔在地上且站不起來，結(jié)合首字母可知應是smething“一些東西”。固定短語there is smething wrng with sb.“某人出了……問題”。故填(s)mething。
20．句意：我感到非常糟糕，以至于不得不仍然躺在那里。根據(jù)“I had t still lie there.”和首字母可知，作者摔在地上且站不起來，這是很糟糕的。terrible“糟糕的”，形容詞。故填(t)errible。
21．句意：然后我看到我的鞋上有血。根據(jù)“My hand and knee were bleeding.”可知，此處是看到鞋子上的血。應用名詞形式bld“血”，作動詞的賓語。故填(b)ld。
22．句意：我害怕地看著它。根據(jù)“There was a sharp rck sticking ut f it.”和首字母可知，作者很害怕。固定短語in fear“害怕地，恐懼地”。故填(f)ear。
23．句意：司機停下他的卡車來幫助我。根據(jù)“came t help me.”和首字母可知，司機是停下了車。stp“停止”，動詞；本文主體時態(tài)為一般過去時，stp的過去式為stpped。故填(s)tpped。
24．句意：她知道我以前粗心，并不總是戴頭盔。根據(jù)“did nt always wear my helmet.”和首字母可知，作者不總戴口罩，應是粗心的。careless“粗心的”，形容詞。故填(c)areless。
25．句意：媽媽，救我的不是頭盔本身，而是安全意識。根據(jù)“safety awareness did.”和首字母可知，此處是指頭盔本身。應用“the helmet”對應的反身代詞itself“它自己”。故填(i)tself。

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