含有 up 的短語動詞
participate
根據(jù)所給漢語，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~塊。All f us were cnfident and eager t __________________________ __________________________（參加）the class discussin.
take part in
/ participate in
/ engage in
［正式用語］參與；參加: I’ll have t participate in a sprting activity that day. 2017 全國 Any student wh is interested is welcme t participate. 2016 全國詞匯拓展participant n [C] 參與者；參加者
participate vi
詞族:participate, participant, participatin
? vt & vi（使）參加；（使）參與 t be ding r becme invlved in an activity：engage sb in cnversatin Only 10% f American adults engage in regular exercise. Evidence indicates that music activities engage different parts f the brain. 2009 浙江改The Prgram aims t encurage students t engage themselves in making a difference in sciety. 2011 天津改
engage v [正式用語]
en- “in”（make 使） + gage（pledge 加入），基本義為“使加入”
? vt 吸引（?。﹖ attract sb’s attentin and interest：engage sb’s interest / attentin It’s a mvie that engages bth the mind and the eye.? vt 雇用；聘請 t emply sb t d a particular jb：engage lcal peple as vlunteers Her father engaged a tutr t imprve her maths.
engage 語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖
（使）某人“加入”活動
（使）某人“加入”工作
（使）參加；（使）參與
（使）加入基本義engage
? [正式用語] 忙于；從事于：I was ttally engaged in my study and seldm paid attentin t my mther’s feelings. 2011 江蘇改I can’t cme t dinner n Tuesday — I’m therwise engaged. ? 已訂婚的：She was engaged t Peter. ? 被占用的；使用中的：She rang a friend but the line was engaged.
? engagement n [C] 訂婚；約定；（與……的）親密關(guān)系：She has brken ff her engagement t Charles. If we invest little time in a persn, ur engagement with that persn will decline. 2011 福建
? engaged adj
本杰明·富蘭克林(Benjamin Franklin,1706 — 1790)，美國政治家, 美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭時期的重要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之一。同時他也是一位物理學(xué)家，發(fā)明了避雷針，最早提出電荷守恒定律。
這是一句教育名言，有人說它出自本杰明?富蘭克林，更多的人認為它是一句荀子經(jīng)典語錄的英文版。你能把這個句子翻譯成中文嗎？
不聞不如聞之，聞之不如見之，見之不如知之，知之不如行之；學(xué)至于行之而止矣。行之，明也。——《荀子·儒效》
invlve vt ? 包含；需要 t make sth necessary in an activity r situatin：invlve (ding) sth:A crsstalk perfrmance invlves talking, imitating, singing and telling jkes. The wrk f an elephant trainer invlves lve and devtin. 2010 上海改? 涉及；影響 t affect r be related t sb / sth：If yur gal invlves ther peple, put yurself in their psitins. 2009 上海 Hw many vehicles were invlved in the crash?
側(cè)重某事物成為其必要的組成部分
側(cè)重某人 / 物受到影響
invlve 由前綴in- + 詞根 vlve 組成，in- 意為“進入”“使”，vlve 意為“卷入”。 invlve的詞源義和基本義是“使卷入” 。
? 使參加 t make sb take part in sth：invlve sb / neself (in sth):Students shuld invlve themselves actively / deeply / heavily in cmmunity activities where they can gain experience fr grwth. 2014 福建詞匯拓展invlved adj 參與的；投入的：be / get invlved (in / with):Whatever yu d, dn’t be a bystander. Get invlved. 2016 四川Children can get a lt ut f being invlved in vlunteer wrk. Fathers are encuraged t be mre invlved with their children. invlvement n [U] 參與 (participatin)
invlve 語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖
“使 (人) 卷入” 某項活動
“使卷入” 因而是必要組成部分
“使卷入”因而與之有關(guān)聯(lián)
使卷入基本義invlve
同義異構(gòu)：encurage / inspire
vt 使有動力；激發(fā)；激勵：Researchers have identified several factrs that mtivate peple t get invlved in vluntary wrk. 2015 江蘇改While sme peple are mtivated by a need fr success, thers are mtivated by a fear f failure. 2016 江蘇
詞匯拓展? mtivated adj 積極的；主動的：After every run I feel fitter, happier and mre mtivated t keep prgressing. 2011 湖南改mtivatin n? [U] 積極性；動力 the enthusiasm fr ding sth：These methds can help imprve / increase students’ mtivatin and interest.? [C] 動機；誘因 the need r reasn fr ding sth：Escape can be a strng mtivatin fr travel.
從上表中可以看出， 詞根mt意為“動 / 移動 (mve)”，由該詞根構(gòu)成的詞大多含有此義。
expse的詞源義和基本義是“使顯露；使暴露”(t leave withut shelter r defense) 。
expse vt ? 使暴露；使顯露 t shw sth that is usually hidden：Being expsed t sunlight fr t much time will d harm t ne’s skin. He smiled suddenly, expsing a set f amazingly white teeth.? 揭露；揭發(fā) t shw the truth abut sb r sth, especially when it is bad：I threatened t expse him t the plice.? 使面臨；使處于……的作用 / 影響之下 t put sb / sth in a situatin that culd be difficult r dangerus：He expsed himself t criticism by failing t check the facts in the article. The reprt said that wrkers had been expsed t high levels f radiatin.
? 使接觸；使體驗 t give sb the chance t experience sth：We want t expse the kids t as much art and culture as pssible.I am repeatedly expsed t the basic wrds and learn hw they are used t explain bjects and ideas. 2010 遼寧詞匯拓展? expsed adj 無遮蔽的；無保護的；易受攻擊的：Walking deep int the frest, we suddenly felt very expsed. expsure n [U] ? 暴露；顯露：Scientists wrry that expsure t light while sleeping can increase a persn’s chances f getting cancer. 2013 天津改? 揭露；揭發(fā)：the expsure f illegal deals ?［常用單數(shù)］接觸；體驗
expse 語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖
使被隱藏或遮蓋的事物“顯露”
使某人或某事物壞的方面“顯露”
使某人或某物“暴露”于險境等
使某人“暴露”于新的機會或體驗
使面臨；使處于……的作用 / 影響之下
expse使顯露；使暴露基本義
媽媽經(jīng)常會跟孩子說“要乖乖的哦！” “乖乖的哦!” 這句話用英語怎么表達呢？
Behave yurself!
? vi 表現(xiàn) t act in a particular way (act)： He was a little by, but he behaved as if / thugh he was an adult. ? vi & vt（使）舉止規(guī)矩；（使）表現(xiàn)得體 t act in a crrect r apprpriate way ：badly- / well-behaved children behave neself:Students shuld be encuraged t develp gd habits and better behave themselves. 2011 浙江
behavi(u)r ?? [U] 行為；舉止：This is nt a family where bad behavir ges unpunished. I think all f us shuld mind ur behavir in public places. 2012 福建書面表達? [C] & [U]（物體等）反應(yīng)；性能；行為方式；習(xí)性：the behavir f tin under heatNbdy befre Jane fully understd chimp behaviur.
珍妮·古道爾 (Jane Gdall)，是世界上擁有極高聲譽的動物學(xué)家，致力于野生動物的研究和保護。她在二十多歲時前往非洲的原始森林，為了觀察黑猩猩，度過了三十八年的野外生活。她奔走于世界各地，呼吁人們保護野生動物、保護地球的環(huán)境。
將（某物）壓下；推下；拉下
?［正式用語］將（某物）壓下；推下；拉下：depress a buttn? 使抑郁；使沮喪；使消沉:Rainy weather always depresses me.? 使蕭條；削弱：Several factrs cmbined t depress the husing market.
depress vt
frm de-（dwn 向下）+ press（按；壓），基本義為“下壓”。
詞族：depress, depressed, depressing, depressin, depressive
depress 語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖
下壓depress（基本義）
使抑郁；使沮喪；使消沉
詞匯拓展? depressed adj 抑郁的；沮喪的 very unhappy, ften fr a lng perid f time：Dn’t get depressed abut the spilt milk. ? depressing adj 令人沮喪的? depressive adj 患抑郁癥的；抑郁的n [C] 抑郁癥患者depressin n? [C] & [U] 沮喪；消沉；抑郁（癥）：get int a state f depressin ? [C] 不景氣；蕭條期：His family business was ruined in the Great Depressin fthe early 1930s. 2011 山東
press 詞根記詞匯
impress v 蓋??；使留下深刻印象 im-向內(nèi)；向里 + press → 向內(nèi)壓 → 蓋印 → 印入頭 腦 → 使留下深刻印象
express v 表達 ex-向外 + press →（把想法）向外壓 → 表達
depress v 使沮喪 de- 向下 + press →（使情緒）向下壓 → 使沮喪
pressure n 壓力 press + -ure ……的行為 → 壓的行為結(jié)果 → 壓力
N pain, n gain.不勞無獲。/ 一分耕耘，一分收獲。
gain v? vt（使）獲得；贏得 t get r win sth, especially sth that is wanted r needed：gain a degreeHer hnesty gained her the trust f her teacher.? vt & vi 獲（益）t get an advantage frm (ding) sth：gain advantages frmThere’s nthing t be gained by lsing yur temper.We gain frm cutting trees but we will suffer much mre than we will benefit. 2009 安徽? vt 增加 t gradually get mre f sth 反 lse：I have gained a lt f weight recently.The yung peple gradually gain cnfidence in their abilities.
? vt & vi（鐘、表等走得）快：My watch gains (by) several minutes a day.gain grund 變得更強大 / 更成功 / 更有效；逼近n? [C] 好處；利益；[U] 利潤：The fficial’s illegal gains will be turned in t natinal treasury.He will d anything fr gain.? [C] & [U] 增加 反 lse：a gain in earningsRegular exercise is the best way f preventing weight gain.
獲得gain（基本義）
寫作高級用詞，經(jīng)常與抽象名詞搭配使用：1. We all gained a lt frm the experience.2. The plane rapidly gained height.3. We managed t gain entry thrugh a back windw.4. “Sense f gain”, which means the public share the fruits f refrm with happiness, gains ppularity rapidly.5. N pain, n gain.
1. up表示“向上 / 向高處移動”：___________________________2. up表示示“完全 / 徹底”：________________________3. up表示“成碎片或分成幾部分”：_______________________3. up表示“（數(shù)量、程度等）增加 / 上升：_______________________
學(xué)習(xí)含有 up 的短語動詞可以從 up 入手，理解了 up 的各義項，有助于理解和記憶相關(guān)的短語動詞。
grw up, set up, put up
eat up, burn up
break up, cut up
speak up, turn up, cheer up
比起中文來，英文不但富于抽象名詞，也喜歡用抽象名詞。——余光中
由動詞派生而來的抽象名詞叫作行為抽象名詞。
寫出下列單詞的名詞形式。
participatin
qualificatin
根據(jù)所給漢語及提示，用上頁表中的抽象名詞的詞塊完成下列句子。
1. Even a brief __________________________ (暴露于) radiatin is very dangerus. 2. They had received n news f him since his __________________________ (離開家鄉(xiāng)).3. She was respnsible fr __________________________ (改編這本小說) int a stage play. 4. We are lking frward t yur active __________________________ (參與) vluntary wrk. 5. A victry in this game will __________________________ (使他們獲得資格) fr the Wrld Cup. (earn)
expsure t
departure frm his hmetwn
earn them qualificatin
the adaptatin f the nvel
participatin in
participatin, mtivatin, expectatin, expsure, departure, adaptatin, qualificatin
英語中的metaphr（隱喻）來源于希臘語 metaphra，該詞由meta- (ver) 和 pherein (t carry) 合成，合起來意思是 t carry ver（拿過來）。因此，隱喻的本質(zhì)是用一種事物來理解另一種事物，并且多是參照熟悉的、有形的、具體的事物來認識和表達無形的、抽象的事物。隱喻是一種思維方式，無處不在，它是多義詞產(chǎn)生詞義的主要理據(jù)。建立隱喻思維能更好地理解和掌握由基本義到衍生義這一思維。
選擇性必修B2U1 —— B2U2典型詞
在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
1. We encurage students t participate fully __________ the running f the cllege.2. Details f the cmpetitin are available at all ____________ (participate) stres.3. It wuld be encuraging t see _____________ (participate) by all age grups.
participating
一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。
1. They never learned skills t engage the attentin f the thers. __________2. The cmpany has engaged tw male dancers frm the Blshi（莫斯科大劇院）. __________3. Thse wh engaged in n physical activity were 26 percent mre likely t have symptms f depressin 3 years later than thse wh exercise regularly. （2014 上海） __________
二、在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
1. A study shws the students wh are __________ (engage) in after-schl activities are happier than thse wh are nt.（2019 天津）2. They tried t engage him __________ cnversatin.3. The prblem is that if we invest little time in a persn, ur __________ (engage) with that persn will decline（減弱）until eventually it dies int “smene I nce knew”. 4. She is engaged __________ an actr.
engagement
一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Students shuld invlve themselves in cmmunity activities where they can gain experience fr grwth.（2014 福建） ___________2. Michelle fund a jb as a high schl teacher which invlves spending quite a lt f time with students.（2013 福建） ___________3. “Genius” is a cmplicated cncept, invlving many different factrs.（2012 上海） ___________4. Many stries invlve sme kind f cnflict r danger. ___________
二、根據(jù)所給漢語，用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~塊完成下列句子。1. Parents shuld ___________________（參與）their child’s educatin.2. Mre than 100 peple _______________（參與）the prject.3. I was s __________________（全神貫注看書）that I didn’t hear yu knck.4. Dctrs have wrked ut a chart shwing hw much stress ____________ （與……有關(guān)）varius events.（2016 上海）
invlve themselves in
were invlved in
invlved in my bk
is invlved in
在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1. After every run I feel fitter, happier and mre __________ (mtivate) t keep prgressing.2. He is intelligent enugh but he lacks __________ (mtivate).3. Her mtivatin __________ writing was a desire fr wmen t get the right t higher educatin.（2014 湖北改）4. The plan is designed t mtivate emplyees __________ (wrk) mre efficiently.
一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.I’ve made a living lking fr the best deals and expsing the wrst tricks. （2013 全國） ___________2. Children expsed t multiple（多種的）languages may be better natural cmmunicatrs. ___________3. In sme Middle Eastern cuntries, expsing yur flesh is frbidden, especially if yu are a wman.（2014 重慶） ___________二、將下列句子譯成英語。1.她越接觸中國文化，就越喜歡。______________________________________________________________2. 不要將嬰兒置于強烈的陽光下。______________________________________________________________
使接觸 / 使體驗
The mre she is expsed t Chinese culture, the mre she likes it.
Dn’t expse the baby / babies t strng sunlight.
一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1. We live in a glbal village, but this desn’t mean that we all behave in the same way.（2012 安徽） ______________ 2. She always behaves well when her aunts cme t visit. ______________ 3. The scial behaviur f dgs is similar t that f wlves. ______________ 4. I want yu bth t be n yur best behaviur at Grandad’s. ______________
二、根據(jù)所給漢語，完成下列句子。1. He was praised fr his _______________（良好舉止）.2. We guarantee t _________________（守規(guī)矩）tmrrw.3. A(n) __________________（守規(guī)矩的孩子）earns a great reward.（2014 福建）
well-behaved child
behave urselves
gd behaviur
4. He ___________________（他表現(xiàn)得像）nthing ut f the rdinary was happening.5. Whenever there was a full mn he wuld ________________（表現(xiàn)奇怪）.
behaved as if
behave strangely
一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1. The thught f taking the exam again depressed him. ______________2. A war will depress the glbal ecnmy. ______________ 3. High interest rates may depress share prices. ______________二、在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1. She felt very __________ (depress) abut the future.2. Lking fr a jb these days can be very __________ (depress).3. The patient is suffering frm __________ (depress) .
一、用 gain 把下列漢語譯成英語。1. 獲得信心 _________________2. 獲得廣泛的支持 ______________________3. 我的表快兩分鐘。______________________________4. 最近我胖了。___________________________ 二、將下列各句中的畫線部分或句子譯成漢語。1. As American fast fd gains acceptance in France, mre and mre French children are verweight.（2014 陜西） _______________2. I gained strength every time I said, “Yes, I’ll try that.”（2011 天津 ） _______________3. We all gained a lt frm the experience. _______________________________
gain cnfidence
I’ve gained weight recently.
gain ppular supprt
My watch gains (by) tw minutes.
我們都從這次經(jīng)歷中受益良多。
三、將下列短語和句子譯成漢語。1. gain access t the building ______________2. Why nt give it a g? Yu have nthing t lse and everything t gain._________________________________________3. Andy raced twards the Nelsn huse, but the bees were gaining grund. （2010 江西） ______________四、根據(jù)提示，用gain的相關(guān)短語替換畫線部分。1. Yu will never succeed unless yu are fully devted t yur wrk.（2014 湖南改） ______________2. In the study, we find the children __________ during the summer. What’s the reasn fr the children’s weight gain? （2015 浙江）3. Sprts are becming mre imprtant in advertising n televisin.（2012 廣東改） ______________4. I am sure we bth will understand better the elderly in China. ______________
為什么不試試呢？你不會有任何損失，卻會收獲一切 / 只賺不賠。
gain success
gain weight
gaining imprtance
gain a better understanding f

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高中英語人教版 (2019)選擇性必修 第二冊電子課本

Unit 2 Bridging Cultures

版本： 人教版 (2019)

年級： 選擇性必修 第二冊

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