第二部分 閱讀理解
第一節(jié) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Cash Cmpsitin Cntest
In supprt f Financial Literacy Mnth (April), Michigan State University Extensin and 4-H, a yuth rganizatin, are crdinating (協(xié)調(diào)) the Cash Cmpsitin Cntest. Yuths residing in Michigan are encuraged t answer this year’s essay questin with an essay f 300 wrds r less. The 5 tp-scring essays will each win a $100 gift card thanks t the generus spnsrship by Extra Credit Unin.
Timeline
April 30, 2023: Essay submissin due by 11:59 pm
May 31, 2023: Winners ntified
Cash Cmpsitin Tpic
What is the difference between a need and a want? Discuss hw yu determine if smething is a need r a want. Hw can yu make sure yu have enugh mney t get yur needs and still enjy sme f yur wants? Share hw needs and wants might change thrughut ne’s life.
Grading Standards
● Quality f Writing
● Organizatin and Infrmatin
● Grammar
Guidelines
Participants must:
● Between 9—12 years f age as f January 1, 2023 living in the state f Michigan.
● Have knwledge f mney management such as saving, spending, brrwing, and planning apprpriate fr age and grade level.
Requirements
● Yuths must have parental r guardian permissin t apply and participate.
● The applicatin frm must be cmpleted by a parent/guardian.
● Yuths must write an essay (300 wrds r less) n the assigned tpic abve.
● Essays must be submitted n the cntest registratin page.
● The essay must be the wrk f the student submitting it. It is highly recmmended that yuths write their essay prir t cmpleting the registratin/submissin frm.
1. Wh will spnsr the cntest prizes?
A. Michigan State University.B. Extra Credit Unin.
C. A lcal yuth rganizatin.D. The state f Michigan.
2. What will be fcused n in the entry?
A. The changes thrughut ne’s life.
B. The ways t imprve quality f writing.
C. The need fr charity management.
D. The discussins n needs and wants.
3. Which will result in disqualificatin fr an applicant?
A. Submitting the essay n April 29.B. Writing an essay f 300 wrds.
C. Filling the applicatin frm in persn.D. Finishing the essay befre registratin.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了寫作比賽的相關(guān)事宜。
【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段末句“The 5 tp-scring essays will each win a $100 gift card thanks t the generus spnsrship by Extra Credit Unin. (由于Extra Credit Unin的慷慨贊助，得分最高的5篇文章將每人贏得100美元的禮品卡。)”可知，本次比賽的獎(jiǎng)品將由Extra Credit Unin贊助。故選B。
【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段末句“Share hw needs and wants might change thrughut ne’s life. (分享在一個(gè)人的一生中需求和欲望是如何變化的。)”可知，關(guān)于需求和欲望的討論將是參賽作品的重點(diǎn)。故選D。
【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段“The applicatin frm must be cmpleted by a parent/guardian. (申請表格必須由家長/監(jiān)護(hù)人填寫。)”可知，申請人如親自填寫申請表格，將被取消資格。故選C。
B
Rald Dahl was a spy, an ace fighter pilt, a chclate histrian and a medical inventr. He was als the authr f Charlie and the Chclate Factry, Matilda, The BFG, and a treasury f riginal, evergreen, and belved children's bks. He remains fr many the wrld's N. 1 stryteller.
Brn in Llandaff, Wales, n 13th September 1916 t Nrwegian parents, Harald Dahl and Sfie Magdalene Hesselberg, Dahl was named after Rald Amundsen, the Nrwegian wh had been the first man t reach the Suth Ple just fur years earlier. A heric start in life.
Wanting the best fr her nly sn, his mther sent him t a barding schl—Reptn, a renwned British public schl. With schldays happily behind him, Dahl's lust fr travel tk him first t Canada, then t East Africa, where he wrked fr an il cmpany until the utbreak f Wrld War II. He enlisted in the Ryal Air Frce at 23 years ld. In 1953 Rald Dahl married the American actress, Patricia Neal, with whm he had five children.
There fllwed a burst f literary energy as his endless creativity led t ne wnder after anther：in 1961 James and the Giant Peach was published in the US, fllwed by Charlie and the Chclate Factry. Fantastic Mr. Fx was published in 1970, the year befre the film Willy Wnka and the Chclate Factry was released. The rest f the decade saw the publicatin f many ther classics, including Danny the Champin f the Wrld, The Enrmus Crcdile, and My Uncle Oswald.
Rald Dahl died n 23 Nvember 1990, aged 74. He was buried in the parish church f St. Peter and St. Paul in Great Missende — the Buckinghamshire village where tday The Rald Dahl Museum and Stry Centre cntinues his extrardinary missin t amaze, thrill and inspire generatins f children and their parents.
4. What d yu knw abut Rnald Dahl?
A. He was brn in Nrway.B. He was talented in many fields.
C. His mther wrked in a schl.D. His father reached the Suth Ple.
5. What des the underlined wrd "lust” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Vain hpe.B. Special care.
C. Strng desire.D. Main cncern.
6. Hw is Paragraph 4 mainly develped?
A. By giving examples.B. By analyzing causes.
C. By presenting figures.D. By making cmparisns.
7. Which wrds can best describe the children's bks penned by Rnald Dahl?
A. Amazing and humrus.B. Educatinal and serius.
C. Imaginative and scary.D. Fascinating and encuraging.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了著名兒童讀物作家羅爾德·達(dá)爾的生平。
【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Rald Dahl was a spy, an ace fighter pilt, a chclate histrian and a medical inventr. He was als the authr f Charlie and the Chclate Factry, Matilda, The BFG, and a treasury f riginal, evergreen, and belved children's bks. He remains fr many the wrld's N. 1 stryteller.”（羅爾德·達(dá)爾是間諜、王牌戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)飛行員、巧克力歷史學(xué)家和醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)明家。他還是《查理和巧克力工廠》《瑪?shù)贍栠_(dá)》《圓夢巨人》等書的作者，還寫了大量深受喜愛的原創(chuàng)兒童讀物。在許多人看來，他仍然是世界上最會(huì)講故事的人。）可知，羅爾德·達(dá)爾在很多方面都極具天賦，故選B。
【5題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后的“tk him first t Canada, then t East Africa”（讓他先去了加拿大，然后去了東非）可知，他對旅行的渴望讓他去了加拿大和東非，由此可知?jiǎng)澗€詞詞義為“強(qiáng)烈的渴望”，故選C。
【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“in 1961 James and the Giant Peach was published in the US, fllwed by Charlie and the Chclate Factry. Fantastic Mr. Fx was published in 1970, the year befre the film Willy Wnka and the Chclate Factry was released. The rest f the decade saw the publicatin f many ther classics, including Danny the Champin f the Wrld, The Enrmus Crcdile, and My Uncle Oswald.”（1961年，《詹姆斯與巨桃》在美國出版，接著是《查理與巧克力工廠》。《了不起的狐貍爸爸》出版于1970年，比電影《威利旺卡和巧克力工廠》早一年。在接下來的十年里，出版了許多其他的經(jīng)典作品，包括《世界冠軍丹尼》《巨大的鱷魚》和《我的叔叔奧斯瓦爾德》）可知，第四段是通過舉羅爾德·達(dá)爾創(chuàng)作的多個(gè)知名作品的例子而展開的，故選A。
【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“tday The Rald Dahl Museum and Stry Centre cntinues his extrardinary missin t amaze, thrill and inspire generatins f children and their parents.”（今天羅爾德·達(dá)爾博物館和故事中心繼續(xù)著他的非凡使命，為一代又一代的孩子和他們的父母帶來驚喜、激動(dòng)和激勵(lì)。）可知，羅爾德·達(dá)爾寫的兒童讀物是吸引人且鼓舞人心的，故選D。
C
Researchers have discvered the ldest black hle ever bserved, dating frm the dawn f the universe, and fund that it is “eating” its hst galaxy t death.
The internatinal team, led by the University f Cambridge, used the James Webb Space Telescpe (JWST) t detect the black hle, which dates frm 400 millin years after the big bang. The results, which lead authr Prfessr Rbert Mailin says are “a giant leap frward”, are reprted in the jurnal Nature.
This surprisingly massive black hle even exists s early in the universe challenges ur assumptins abut hw black hles frm and grw. The size f this newly-discvered black hle suggests that they might frm in ther ways: they might be ‘brn big’ r they can eat matter at a rate that’s five times higher than had been thught pssible. Like all black hles, this yung black hle devurs material frm its hst galaxy t fuel its grwth.
Accrding t standard mdels, supermassive black hles frm frm the remains f dead stars, which cllapse and may frm a black hle abut a hundred times the mass f the Sun. If it grew in an expected way, this newly-detected black hle wuld take abut a billin years t grw t its bserved size. Hwever, the universe was nt yet a billin years ld when this black hle was detected.
The yung hst galaxy, called GN-z11, is a cmpact galaxy, abut ne hundred times smaller than the Milky Way, but the black hle is likely harming its develpment. When black hles cnsume t much gas, it pushes the gas away like an ultra-fast wind. This “wind” culd stp the prcess f star frmatin, slwly killing the galaxy, but it will als kill the black hle itself, as it wuld cut ff the black hle’s surce f “fd”.
Mailin says that the gigantic leap frward prvided by JWST makes this the mst exciting time in his career. “It’s a new era: the giant leap is like upgrading frm Galile’s telescpe t a mdern telescpe vernight,” he said. “The universe has been quite generus in what it’s shwing us, and this is just the beginning.”
8. What des the underlined wrd “devurs” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Changes.B. Swallws.C. Observes.D. Frms.
9. Accrding t Paragraph 5, why is GN-z11 likely t be harmed?
A. Because the hst galaxy is t small.
B. Because the black hle is killing itself.
C. Because the “wind” ceases star frmatin.
D. Because black hles prduce t much gas.
10. What is Mailin’s attitude t the new discvery abut the black hle?
A. Favrable.B. Intlerant.C. Dubtful.D. Ambiguus.
11. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. The black hle tk a billin years t achieve its size.
B. Supermassive black hles are assumed t frm vernight.
C. The new discvery f the hst galaxy is a giant leap frward.
D. The hst galaxy and the black hle can be destryed by the “wind”.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講述研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了迄今為止觀測到的最古老的黑洞，可以追溯到宇宙誕生之初，并發(fā)現(xiàn)它正在“吞噬”它的宿主星系至死。
【8題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中“and fund that it is ‘eating’ its hst galaxy t death (并發(fā)現(xiàn)它正在‘吞噬’它的宿主星系至死)”以及劃線詞前“Like all black hles (像所有的黑洞一樣)”可知，最古老的黑洞正在吞噬它的宿主星系至死，由此可知，劃線詞所在句意為“像所有的黑洞一樣，這個(gè)年輕的黑洞正在吞噬來自宿主星系的物質(zhì)來促進(jìn)它的成長”，devurs與上文的“eating”同義，意為“吞噬”，故選B。
【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“When black hles cnsume t much gas, it pushes the gas away like an ultra-fast wind. This ‘wind’ culd stp the prcess f star frmatin, slwly killing the galaxy (當(dāng)黑洞消耗太多氣體時(shí)，它會(huì)像超高速風(fēng)一樣將氣體推開。這種‘風(fēng)’可以阻止恒星形成的過程，慢慢地殺死星系)”可知，黑洞會(huì)損害GN-z11星系，是因?yàn)椤帮L(fēng)”會(huì)阻止恒星的形成，慢慢地殺死星系，故選C。
【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Mailin says that the gigantic leap frward prvided by JWST makes this the mst exciting time in his career. ‘It’s a new era: the giant leap is like upgrading frm Galile’s telescpe t a mdern telescpe vernight,’ he said. (Mailin說，JWST提供的巨大飛躍使這成為他職業(yè)生涯中最激動(dòng)人心的時(shí)刻?！@是一個(gè)新時(shí)代：這次的巨大飛躍就像一夜之間從伽利略的望遠(yuǎn)鏡升級到現(xiàn)代望遠(yuǎn)鏡，’他說。)”可知，Mailin對有關(guān)黑洞的新發(fā)現(xiàn)持支持態(tài)度，故選A。
【11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“This ‘wind’ culd stp the prcess f star frmatin, slwly killing the galaxy, but it will als kill the black hle itself, as it wuld cut ff the black hle’s surce f ‘fd’. (這種‘風(fēng)’可以阻止恒星形成的過程，慢慢地殺死星系，但它也會(huì)殺死黑洞本身，因?yàn)樗矔?huì)切斷黑洞的‘食物’來源。)”可知，宿主星系和黑洞可以被“風(fēng)”摧毀。故選D。
D
It’s summer, and schl-aged kids are finding all kinds f ways t have fun, frm a trip t the pl r playgrund t playing games with smart phnes. As a result, they are als frgetting sme f what they learned in schl, a phenmenn called “summer slide”. Frtunately, summer slide can be prevented with just a little regular practice f fun.
Encurage reading every day. Make a special event ut f a trip t the public library, and let yur kids pick ut whatever interests them. Give yur kids a special treat fr every bk they finish. Help them set up a reading crner in their rm that’s quiet, cmfrtable and free f varius electrnic distractins. Best f all, give them the gift f yur wn example as an enthusiastic reader.
Anther way t make reading fun is t share a pem tgether. Pems by writers like Dr. Seuss, Shel Silverstein and Maurice Sendak are fun t read alud, and ften have a strng sense f humr that attracts children. Take turns reading them alud t each ther, talk abut what they mean, and see if yu can memrize yur favrites. Then have a cntest t see wh can write the best pem.
Summer is a great time t visit a learning place tgether. Children’s museums are specially designed t make learning fun and enjyable fr kids and let them practice essential skills. Or just take a walk tgether n ne f ur many nature paths, where yur children can use their reading skills t learn abut the plants, animals and gelgy arund them. And f curse, dn't frget the special prgrams ffered by many lcal public libraries, alng with many ther learning materials fr kids f all ages.
12. Which f the fllwing can be named “summer slide”?
A. Having n idea hw t play cmputer games.
B. Frgetting hw t rganize a camping activity.
C. Failing t knw hw t g swimming in a pl.
D. Nt remembering hw t d a chemistry experiment in the lab.
13. What’s the best way t keep yur children reading?
A. Taking them t libraries ften.B. Being an enthusiastic reader yurself.
C. Setting a reading crner in their rm.D. Giving them a treat t encurage reading.
14. What d we knw abut the pems mentined in Paragraph 3?
A. They are easy t read alud.
B. They can be memrized by children.
C. They are suitable fr bth adults and children.
D. They attract children with their sense f humr.
15. What is the text mainly abut?
A. The cause f summer slide.
B. Fun ways t prevent summer slide.
C. Ways t keep children active in summer.
D. The effects f summer slide n children.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. B
【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了“防止夏季滑坡的有趣方法”。
【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“As a result, they are als frgetting sme f what they learned in schl, a phenmenn called “summer slide”.(結(jié)果，他們也忘記了他們在學(xué)校學(xué)到的一些東西，這種現(xiàn)象被稱為“夏季滑坡”)”可知，學(xué)生們忘記了他們在學(xué)校學(xué)到的一些東西，這一現(xiàn)象被稱為“夏季滑坡”。由此可推知，“不記得如何在實(shí)驗(yàn)室做化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)”可以被稱為“夏季滑坡”。故選D。
【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Best f all, give them the gift f yur wn example as an enthusiastic reader.(最重要的是，作為一個(gè)熱情的讀者，給他們一個(gè)你自己的榜樣)”可知，以身作則，作為熱情的讀者給孩子樹立榜樣是最好的方法。故選B。
【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Pems by writers like Dr. Seuss, Shel Silverstein and Maurice Sendak are fun t read alud, and ften have a strng sense f humr that attracts children. (蘇斯博士、謝爾·西爾弗斯坦和莫里斯·森達(dá)克等作家的詩歌讀起來很有趣，而且往往有強(qiáng)烈的幽默感，吸引了孩子們)”可知，第三段提到的詩歌的原因是表達(dá)他們會(huì)以幽默感吸引孩子。故選D。
【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“Frtunately, summer slide can be prevented with just a little regular practice f fun.(幸運(yùn)的是，只要經(jīng)常進(jìn)行一些有趣的練習(xí)，就可以防止夏季滑梯)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要提供了幾種防止“summer slide”的方法，如每天鼓勵(lì)閱讀、參觀學(xué)習(xí)場所、一起探索自然等，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是通過有趣的方式幫助孩子們在假期保持學(xué)習(xí)狀態(tài)，避免知識遺忘。故選B。
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，共12.5分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Pl Safety Tips fr Kids
On a ht summer day, there are few things that are mre appealing than a nice cl pl. ____16____ And it is cmpletely relaxing. Of curse, if yu have children, there are certain safety measures yu shuld take, whether yu have a pl in yur backyard r are ging t a public pl.
G swimming tgether. N persn shuld ever swim alne. Thugh many peple d, the simple truth is that it nly takes a secnd t becme injured r drwn.
____17____ Having smene there with yu can make the difference between life and death. This is especially true fr yung children. If yur child is under the age f 5, yu shuld never allw him r her t swim ut f arm's length.
____18____ Kids lve t chase ne anther thrugh the water. But it is imprtant that yu emphasize t yur children that at n time shuld they be running arund the pl r pushing anyne. In the water, teach children nt t jump n tp f ne anther and t watch their surrundings, s that they d nt accidentally knck int thers, injuring them. Playing arund in the pl is very interesting but dangerus.
Keep it lcked. If yu wn a pl, yu must have a lcking gate arund yur pl. ____19____ Keep the gate lcked at all times, even when yu are physically in the pl. It is terrible fr children t steal int the pl.
Knw the way ut. ____20____ Make sure that they knw where all ladders are, and that yu teach them t use them fr entering and exiting the pl safely. Althugh yur child may be able t lift herself r himself ut f the pl using the side, that is nt the safest way t g.
A. Dn't play arund in the pl.
B. Smething sad happens every year.
C. Swimming under water is frbidden in the pl.
D. Be sure t shw all children the prper way t exit the pl.
E. Slipping int the water seems like the perfect way t deal with the heat.
F. This is t prevent children frm entering the pl withut yur permissin.
G. Make sure kids knw fd shuld be eaten either befre r after swimming.
【答案】16. E 17. B 18. A 19. F 20. D
【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。針對兒童在游泳池中的安全給出幾點(diǎn)小貼士。
【16題詳解】根據(jù)前文“On a ht summer day, there are few things that are mre appealing than a nice cl pl.(在炎熱的夏日，沒有什么比一個(gè)涼爽的游泳池更吸引人的了)”可知，E項(xiàng)“Slipping int the water seems like the perfect way t deal with the heat.(潛入水中似乎是應(yīng)對高溫的最佳方式)”中的“Slipping int the water”呼應(yīng)“a nice cl pl”，“the heat”呼應(yīng)“a ht summer day”。故選E。
【17題詳解】B項(xiàng)“Smething sad happens every year.(每年都會(huì)發(fā)生一些不幸的事情)”中的“Smething sad”呼應(yīng)前文“the simple truth is that it nly takes a secnd t becme injured r drwn(簡單的事實(shí)是，受傷或溺水只需一秒鐘)”中的“injured r drwn”。故選B。
【18題詳解】本段最后一句“Playing arund in the pl is very interesting but dangerus.(在游泳池里玩耍很有趣，但也很危險(xiǎn))”說明了為什么不能在游泳池里打鬧，是對A項(xiàng)“Dn't play arund in the pl.(不要在游泳池里玩耍)”的解釋。故選A。
【19題詳解】F項(xiàng)“This is t prevent children frm entering the pl withut yur permissin.(這是為了防止兒童未經(jīng)允許進(jìn)入游泳池)”中的This指代前文“Keep it lcked.(把它鎖上)”，“entering the pl withut yur permissin”呼應(yīng)后文“It is terrible fr children t steal int the pl.(孩子們偷偷溜進(jìn)游泳池是很可怕的)”中的“steal int the pl”。故選F。
【20題詳解】D項(xiàng)“Be sure t shw all children the prper way t exit the pl.(確保向所有孩子展示正確離開游泳池的方法)”中的“exit the pl”呼應(yīng)前文“Knw the way ut.(知道如何出去)”。故選D。
第三部分 英語知識應(yīng)用
第一節(jié) 完形填空
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Experts say bredm is gd fr kids, which frces them t be creative, imprves their imaginatin, and helps them discver new things. A (n) ____21____ in pint is 12-year-ld Luke Thrill frm Dubuque, lwa.
Luke was ____22____ f playing vide games and riding his bike, s he decided t build a tree huse in his backyard instead. He made mney frm mwing the lawn and ____23____ exchanged sme services, such as gaining the help f an electrician ____24____ sweeping his garage. Luke als used spare materials frm his grandmther’s huse and ther ____25____ materials frm his neighbrs fr sme f the windws and the dr.
The 46-square-ft tree huse cst $2,000 t build and ____26____ 18 mnths. Inside there is a bed, a table and a munted (安裝好的) TV, and a lift can be easily ____27____ by stairway.
Althugh Luke did the ____28____ and learned hw t d all the wrk, he had his father’s help thrughut the prject. Greg was very happy that his sn learned t keep within a ____29____ and deal with grwn-ups. _____30_____, he had sme simple rules when Luke started the prject 18 mnths ag: “Yu _____31_____ the mney. Yu build it. And yu wn it.”
Luke is nw in lve with building. He has a Yu Tube channel and hpes t _____32_____ ther kids t start building. _____33_____, he wants t build a bigger tiny huse t live in, but fr nw, he _____34_____ in his new hme a few nights a week, des hmewrk there, and uses it t take a _____35_____ frm his twin brther.
21. A. methdB. explanatinC. prcedureD. case
22. A. tiredB. fndC. cnfidentD. guilty
23. A. thusB. evenC. stillD. anyhw
24. A. in exchange frB. in praise fC. in charge fD. in place f
25. A. recycledB. cheapC. newD. raw
26. A. spentB. tkC. savedD. wasted
27. A. supprtedB. accessedC. heldD. landed
28. A. researchB. husewrkC. experimentD. discvery
29. A. creditB. businessC. budgetD. duty
30. A. TherefreB. BesidesC. InsteadD. Hwever
31. A. brrwB. dnateC. raiseD. distribute
32. A. inspireB. pressC. cmmandD. warn
33. A. LuckilyB. EventuallyC. FrequentlyD. Strangely
34. A. brings utB. leaves utC. hangs utD. puts ut
35. A. stepB. riskC. chanceD. break
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章以12歲的盧克對建筑的興趣為例子，證明無聊對孩子有好處。它迫使孩子們變得有創(chuàng)造力，提高他們的想象力，幫助他們發(fā)現(xiàn)新的事物。
【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)典型的例子是來自愛荷華州迪比克的12歲的盧克·特希爾。A. methd方法；B. explanatin解釋；C. prcedure程序；D. case案例。根據(jù)文章可知，下文舉的是一個(gè)案例，case情況，案例。故選D項(xiàng)。
【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盧克厭倦了打電子游戲和騎自行車，所以他決定在后院建一個(gè)樹屋。A. tired厭煩的；B. fnd喜愛的；C. cnfident自信的；D. guilty內(nèi)疚的。根據(jù)文章開頭“Experts say bredm is gd fr kids”可知，專家認(rèn)為無聊對孩子有好處，所以此處列舉了盧克厭倦了玩電子游戲和騎自行車的例子來證明專家的觀點(diǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)。
【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他通過修剪草坪賺錢，甚至還提供一些服務(wù)，比如讓電工幫他打掃車庫。A. thus因此；B. even甚至；C. still仍然；D. anyhw不管怎樣。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“such as gaining the help f an electrician…”可推知，此處為他通過修剪草坪賺錢，甚至還提供一些服務(wù)，比如讓電工幫他打掃車庫。故選B項(xiàng)。
【24題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：他通過修剪草坪賺錢，甚至還提供一些服務(wù)，比如讓電工幫他打掃車庫。A. in exchange fr以……換……； B. in praise f贊揚(yáng)；C. in charge f負(fù)責(zé)；D. in place f代替。根據(jù)上文“exchanged sme services”可知，此處為他通過修剪草坪賺錢，甚至還提供一些服務(wù)，比如讓電工幫他打掃車庫。故選A項(xiàng)。
【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盧克還用祖母家里的備用材料和鄰居那里回收的材料做了一些窗戶和門。A. recycled可回收的；B. cheap便宜的；C. new新的；D. raw生的。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“…materials frm his neighbrs fr sme f the windws and the dr.”可知，此處為盧克還用祖母家里的備用材料和鄰居那里回收的材料做了一些窗戶和門。故選A項(xiàng)。
【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這座46平方英尺的樹屋耗資2000美元，歷時(shí)18個(gè)月建成。A. spent花費(fèi)；B. tk花費(fèi)，占用時(shí)間；C. saved節(jié)省；D. wasted浪費(fèi)。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“18 mnths”可知，此處為這座46平方英尺的樹屋耗資2000美元，歷時(shí)18個(gè)月建成。故選B項(xiàng)。
【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一張桌子和一臺(tái)安裝好的電視，電梯可以很容易地通過樓梯進(jìn)入。A. supprted支持；B. accessed進(jìn)入；C. held持有；D. landed著陸。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“and a lift can be easily”和“by stairway”可推知，此處為一張桌子和一臺(tái)安裝好的電視，電梯可以很容易地通過樓梯進(jìn)入。故選B項(xiàng)。
【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然盧克做了研究并學(xué)會(huì)了如何做所有的工作，但他在整個(gè)項(xiàng)目中都得到了父親的幫助。A. research研究；B. husewrk家務(wù)；C. experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；D. discvery發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)該句中的“and learned hw t d all the wrk, he had his father’s help thrughut the prject.”可知，此處為然盧克做了研究并學(xué)會(huì)了如何做所有的工作，但他在整個(gè)項(xiàng)目中都得到了父親的幫助。故選A項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：格雷格非常高興他的兒子學(xué)會(huì)了控制預(yù)算，并與成年人打交道。A. credit信譽(yù)；B. business生意；C. budget預(yù)算；D. duty職責(zé)。根據(jù)上文提到的割草賺錢和交換服務(wù)，以及房子的總花費(fèi)可知，父親對兒子能在控制預(yù)算的情況下建好房子感到很高興。故選C項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，當(dāng)盧克18個(gè)月前開始這個(gè)項(xiàng)目時(shí)，他有一些簡單的規(guī)則。A. Therefre因此；B. Besides此外；C. Instead而不是，相反的是；D. Hwever然而。 根據(jù)上文提到的父親對兒子能在控制預(yù)算的情況下建好房子感到很高興，以及該句中的“he had sme simple rules when Luke started the prject 18 mnths ag”可推知，前后形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。
【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你籌集資金。你建造它。你擁有它。A. brrw借；B. dnate捐贈(zèng)；C. raise籌集；D. distribute分配。根據(jù)上文提到的“He made mney frm mwing the lawn” 他通過修剪草坪賺錢，可推知，此處為你籌集資金。你建造它。你擁有它。故選C項(xiàng)。
【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他有一個(gè)yutube頻道，并希望激勵(lì)其他孩子開始建造。A. inspire激勵(lì)；B. press按壓；C. cmmand命令；D. warn警告。根據(jù)上文“Luke is nw in lve with building.”以及該句中的“…ther kids t start building.”可推知，此處為他有一個(gè)yutube頻道，并希望激勵(lì)其他孩子開始建造。故選A項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，他想要建一個(gè)更大的小房子來住，但現(xiàn)在，他每周都有幾個(gè)晚上呆在它的新家，在那里做作業(yè)，并利用它來離開他的雙胞胎兄弟去休息一下。A. Luckily幸運(yùn)地；B. Eventually最終；C. Frequently頻繁地；D. Strangely奇怪地。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“he wants t build a bigger tiny huse t live in”可推知，此處為最終，他想要建一個(gè)更大的小房子來住。故選B項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：最終，他想要建一個(gè)更大的小房子來住，但現(xiàn)在，他每周都有幾個(gè)晚上呆在它的新家，在那里做作業(yè)，并利用它來離開他的雙胞胎兄弟去休息一下。A. brings ut出版；B. leaves ut遺漏；C. hangs ut閑逛；D. puts ut撲滅。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“in his new hme a few nights a week”可推知，此處為他每周都有幾個(gè)晚上在他的新家閑逛，在那里做作業(yè)。故選C項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，他想要建一個(gè)更大的小房子來住，但現(xiàn)在，他每周都有幾個(gè)晚上呆在它的新家，在那里做作業(yè)，并利用它來離開他的雙胞胎兄弟去休息一下。A. step腳步，步驟；B. risk冒險(xiǎn)；C. chance機(jī)會(huì)；D. break休息。根據(jù)上文提到的他每周都有幾個(gè)晚上呆在它的新家，以及該句中的“frm his twin brther”可推知，此處為但現(xiàn)在，他每周都有幾個(gè)晚上呆在它的新家，在那里做作業(yè)，并利用它來離開他的雙胞胎兄弟去休息一下。故選D項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié) 語法填空
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The 78th United Natins General Assembly passed a reslutin (決議) n Friday, fficially ____36____ (annunce) the Lunar New Year, als knwn as the Spring Festival, as a UN flating hliday. Experts said the mve shws the ____37____ (significance) influence f Chinese culture and will cntribute ____38____ the prmtin f the Glbal Civilizatin Initiative.
The Lunar New Year nt nly bears the ideas f peace and harmny ____39____ (value) by Chinese civilizatin but als carries the cmmn values f humanity such as family harmny and harmnius cexistence between humans ____40____ nature.
The reasn why the Lunar New Year can pass natinal brders and is increasingly welcmed by many cuntries ____41____ (lie) mainly in the rich cultural heritage f China and the driving frce f glbalizatin. As the wrld’s secnd-largest ecnmy, China’s cultural elements have spread alngside its ecnmic influence. In the trend f glbalizatin, peple’s interest in diverse cultures is ____42____ (gradual) increasing, and the Lunar New Year has becme a majr means fr peple ____43____ (cmmunicate) and cnnect.
Therefre, the fficial ____44____ (recgnize) f the Chinese New Year as a UN hliday fully reflects an emphasis n the inheritance and innvatin f civilizatin, ____45____ will prmte exchanges and mutual learning amng diverse wrld cultures and actively embdy the UN’s values f diverse and inclusive cultural ideals.
【答案】36. annuncing 37. significant 38. t 39. valued 40. and 41. lies
42. gradually 43. t cmmunicate 44. recgnitin 45. which
【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。本文主要講述了聯(lián)合國第78屆大會(huì)正式宣布農(nóng)歷新年為聯(lián)合國流動(dòng)假日，這表明了中國文化的影響力和全球文明素養(yǎng)的提升。
【36題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：聯(lián)合國第78屆大會(huì)在周五正式宣布農(nóng)歷新年，又稱春節(jié)，為聯(lián)合國流動(dòng)假日。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，本句謂語為passed，空格處作非謂語，此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞annunce“宣布”的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，作狀語，故填 annuncing。
【37題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：專家表示，這一舉措顯示了中國文化的重要影響力，有助于推動(dòng)全球文明倡議?？崭裉帒?yīng)用形容詞作定語，修飾名詞 influence，significance是名詞，其形容詞是significant，意為“重要的”，故填significant。
【38題詳解】考查介詞。句意：專家表示，這一舉措顯示了中國文化的重要影響力，有助于推動(dòng)全球文明倡議。結(jié)合句意和空前的cntribute可知，本空填介詞t，cntribute t意為“有助于”，為固定搭配。故填t。
【39題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：農(nóng)歷新年不僅承載著中華文明所崇尚的和平與和諧的理念，也承載著家庭和睦、人與自然和諧相處等人類共同的價(jià)值觀。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，本句謂語為bears，空格處作非謂語，動(dòng)詞value“重視，珍視”與the ideas f peace and harmny是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式，作后置定語，故填valued。
【40題詳解】考查連詞。句意：農(nóng)歷新年不僅承載著中華文明所崇尚的和平與和諧的理念，也承載著家庭和睦、人與自然和諧相處等人類共同的價(jià)值觀。意為“在……和……之間”，為固定搭配，故填and。
【41題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：農(nóng)歷新年之所以能超越國界，并受到許多國家的歡迎，主要是因?yàn)橹袊S富的文化遺產(chǎn)和全球化的驅(qū)動(dòng)力。lie in“在于”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處作謂語，根據(jù)句意和is可知，本句陳述事實(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是The reasn是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填lies。
【42題詳解】考查副詞。句意：在全球化的趨勢下，人們對多元文化的興趣逐漸增加，農(nóng)歷新年已成為人們交流聯(lián)系的主要手段。空格處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞increasing，gradual是形容詞，其副詞是 gradually，意為“逐漸地”，故填gradually。
【43題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在全球化的趨勢下，人們對多元文化的興趣逐漸增加，農(nóng)歷新年已成為人們交流聯(lián)系的主要手段。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，本句謂語為has becme，此處用非謂語動(dòng)詞，用動(dòng)詞cmmunicate“交流”的不定式作后置定語，修飾名詞means。故填t cmmunicate。
【44題詳解】考查名詞。句意：因此，正式承認(rèn)中國新年為聯(lián)合國節(jié)日，充分體現(xiàn)了對文明傳承和創(chuàng)新的重視，將促進(jìn)世界不同文化之間的交流互鑒，積極體現(xiàn)聯(lián)合國多元包容的文化理想價(jià)值觀?？崭裉帒?yīng)用名詞作主語，recgnize是動(dòng)詞，其名詞是recgnitin，意為“承認(rèn)”，是不可數(shù)名詞。故填recgnitin。
【45題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：因此，正式承認(rèn)中國新年為聯(lián)合國節(jié)日，充分體現(xiàn)了對文明傳承和創(chuàng)新的重視，將促進(jìn)世界不同文化之間的交流互鑒，積極體現(xiàn)聯(lián)合國多元包容的文化理想價(jià)值觀。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本空引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是the fficial recgnitin，指物，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which。
第四部分 寫作
第一節(jié)
46. “和羹之美，在于合異?！敝袊且粋€(gè)文化大熔爐，在這里有來自不同文化的人，讓我們的社會(huì)變得生機(jī)勃勃，充滿活力。假如你是高中生李華，請向你的筆友Paul推薦一個(gè)充滿文化多樣性的中國城市。要點(diǎn)如下：
1. 城市的位置、氣候、歷史、食物等(至少3點(diǎn))；
2. 你對這個(gè)城市文化多樣性的態(tài)度和感悟。
注意：
1. 寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為100左右；
2. 在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear Paul,
I feel s pleased t intrduce a wnderful place t yu in China.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Paul,
I feel s pleased t intrduce a wnderful place t yu in China. Lcated in the suthwest f China, Chngqing is an attractive destinatin fr many turists. It’s widely acknwledged that Chngqing is well knwn as “Muntain City”. As the name suggests, it is surrunded by muntains where there are many verpasses and tunnels. With abundant and unique cultures, ranging frm its brilliant custm t delicius fd, Chngqing attracts many visitrs each year.
Chngqing is really the birthplace f the real ht pt. In the eyes f peple in Chngqing, htpt nted fr its peppery and ht taste which is a lcal specialty. It’s an extremely delightful experience t eat htpt in the cld winter. If yu have chance t explre the splendid scenery, yu can’t miss Hngya Cave! The breathtaking sight will leave a deep impressin n yu.
While visiting, I’m nt nly absrbed in the visual feast, but als gained a deeper insight int this city thus bradening my hrizns. Chngqing will make yu cmpletely invlved in its diverse culture and prfund histry!
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二節(jié) 讀后續(xù)寫
47. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Mr. Ward culdn’t stand students cheating the mst. Whenever there was an exam, he watched very clsely, making sure n act f cheating was neglected, and any student wh cheated wuld be seriusly punished.
I remember many times after tests, Mr. Ward fund that the students sitting arund me had better scres than the thers and the further away a student was frm me, the wrse his grade. Mr. Ward suspected that sme f the junirs “accidentally” gt sme f my answers. S he and I had a very interesting talk abut cheating.
Mr. Ward nce tld me f sme f the ways students tried t cheat. Student A intentinally “drpped” his pencil an unusually far distance frm his desk. Then he std up and walked slwly acrss the rm t take it back. On the way, he glanced at the papers. Student B gt a piece f paper and wrte dwn all the frmulas (公式) n a tiny bit f paper taped t the inside f the kid’s palm. These incidents weren’t very rare.
The last day f the entire schl year, all I had left was my math exam and there seemed t be sme definite tensin in the air because this was the biggest test f the year. I saw sme kids trying t d sme last minute studying, sme trying t calm themselves dwn by breathing slwly and sme saying a silent prayer.
Mr. Ward went t the frnt and started handing ut the tests by rws. After explaining the rules f the test, he said very clearly, “If yu cheat, I will take yur test and tear it up. Yu will get a 0 fr the biggest grade f the year.” Mr. Ward mved very effrtlessly and efficiently abut the rm and during every test he went int a srt f RADAR mde. He sat at the frnt and watched the rm fr anything that might lk like cheating. During this RADAR mde, if yu were cheating, yu wuld be caught. Guaranteed.
注意：（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右；
（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Our test started and we were sitting there busy wrking n ur papers.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then Mr. Ward asked the kid he was watching t g t his ffice.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Our test started and we were sitting there busy wrking n ur papers. Given the imprtance f the test, all students put in a lt f effrt t write dwn their answers. I was relieved when I finished it easily. With 15 minutes left, I carefully checked my answers. Then I put dwn my pencil and lked arund. At that time, I nticed smething peculiar. I was surprised t see a kid stretching his neck t sneak a lk at ther students’ answers. He was cheating! I was unsure f what t d when I saw Mr. Ward lking at the kid with anger in his eyes.
Then Mr. Ward asked the kid he was watching t g t his ffice. The kid, feeling embarrassed and scared, slwly mved int the ffice. In frnt f the stern Mr. Ward, the kid std still and silent, his head hanging lw and his bdy shaking uncntrllably. Eventually, he was verwhelmed with guilt, tears f regret streaming dwn his face. In a tearful vice, he cnfessed t cheating in the test. Mr. Ward’s expressin sftened slightly. He gently patted the kid’s head and said seriusly, “Hnesty is the mst imprtant thing!” The kid ndded in understanding. Despite receiving a failing grade, the kid learned a valuable lessn abut hnesty.

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