
【策略1:關(guān)注結(jié)構(gòu)之美】
學(xué)會(huì)判斷句子成分是英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的基礎(chǔ)。英語(yǔ)句子的構(gòu)成也有其特定的規(guī)律,掌握了句子的基本句型、常見(jiàn)句式和詞語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣搭配,就能寫(xiě)出完整、正確的句子。句子是寫(xiě)作的基本單位,只有寫(xiě)好句子才有可能寫(xiě)好文章。
1. 主謂(SV):主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)
主語(yǔ):一般由名詞(如by)、主格代詞(如I)、動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)詞-ing形式等構(gòu)成。主語(yǔ)一般放在句首。
謂語(yǔ):由動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成, 決定英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)變化, 一般在主語(yǔ)后。不及物動(dòng)詞(vi. )不能直接加賓語(yǔ)。
[經(jīng)典示例]
①I(mǎi) can cmmunicate well. 我能很好地交流。
②The farm huse came int sight.
農(nóng)場(chǎng)的房舍進(jìn)入視野。
[佳句賞析]
①最重要的時(shí)刻終于到來(lái)了。
The mst imprtant mment finally arrived.
②然而, 在2018年這種上漲的趨勢(shì)慢了下來(lái)。
Hwever, that increase slwed dwn in 2018.
2. 主(系)表(SP):主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)
該句式中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思, 必須加上一個(gè)表明主語(yǔ)身份或狀態(tài)的表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ), 才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫做連系動(dòng)詞。作表語(yǔ)的可以是名詞、代詞、形容詞等。
連系動(dòng)詞有:
(1)表示特征和存在狀態(tài):be, seem, appear;
(2)表示感官:feel, lk, smell, taste, sund;
(3)表示狀態(tài)延續(xù):remain, stay, keep, cntinue, stand;
(4)表示狀態(tài)變化:becme, get, turn, g, run, fall, cme, grw。
[經(jīng)典示例]
①I(mǎi) feel hnred. 我感到很榮幸。
②We shuld be cnsiderate. 我們應(yīng)該考慮周到。
[佳句賞析]
①我叫李華, 晨光中學(xué)學(xué)生會(huì)主席。
I am Li Hua, president f the Student Unin frm Chenguang Middle Schl.
②在不久的將來(lái), 我們的學(xué)校將變成更讓人喜愛(ài)的地方。
Our schl will becme a mre enjyable place in the near future.
3. 主謂賓(SVO):主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語(yǔ)
該句式中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞具有實(shí)義, 是主語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生的動(dòng)作, 但不能表達(dá)完整的意思, 必須跟有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ), 即動(dòng)作的承受者, 才能使意思完整。這類動(dòng)詞叫做及物動(dòng)詞。常用于這類句型的動(dòng)詞有:like, hpe, intend, learn, need, ffer, prmise, prpse, refuse, want, wish等。
[經(jīng)典示例]
①S I can easily get alng with freign students.
所以我能很輕松地與外國(guó)學(xué)生交往。
②Yu shuld d a lt f preparatin exercise.
你應(yīng)該做很多準(zhǔn)備練習(xí)。
[佳句賞析]
①學(xué)生和老師們都度過(guò)了一段愉快的時(shí)光。
The students and teachers shared a great time.
②因此, 它的票房收入可能會(huì)稍微上升一點(diǎn)。
Therefre, its bx-ffice incme will prbably enjy a slight increase.
4. 主謂賓賓(SVOO):主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)
該句式中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須跟有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的直接承受者, 另一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的間接承受者。
通常這一間接承受者用一個(gè)介詞來(lái)連接, 當(dāng)動(dòng)作的間接承受者在動(dòng)作的直接承受者之前時(shí), 這一介詞往往被省略。
[經(jīng)典示例]
①His wife Tina cked us a delicius dinner.
他的妻子蒂娜給我們做了一頓美味的晚餐。
②The cmpetitin ffers adlescents a gd chance t shw their talents.
這場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽給青少年提供了一個(gè)很好的展示才華的機(jī)會(huì)。
[佳句賞析]
①我正寫(xiě)信告訴你我最近的生活和學(xué)習(xí)情況。
I’m writing t tell yu smething abut my life and study in recent days.
②這張畫(huà)向我們展示了一個(gè)令人心動(dòng)的時(shí)刻。
The picture shws us a tuching mment.
5. 主謂賓補(bǔ)(SVOC):主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
該句式中的“賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”又叫做“復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)”, 其特點(diǎn)是賓語(yǔ)與其補(bǔ)語(yǔ)之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系, 賓語(yǔ)具有雙重身份, 它既充當(dāng)前面謂語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ), 又兼作其后賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)。充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的詞語(yǔ)和結(jié)構(gòu)有:名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等。
[經(jīng)典示例]
①Our teacher encuraged us t be persns enjying wrk. 老師鼓勵(lì)我們成為熱愛(ài)勞動(dòng)的人。
②Tw days ag, Mm asked me t find relevant infrmatin n the Internet. 兩天以前, 媽媽要求我在網(wǎng)上找一些相關(guān)信息。
[佳句賞析]
①另外, 網(wǎng)上投票使得快速反饋成為可能。
Furthermre, vting n the Internet makes instant feedback pssible.
②孩子們覺(jué)得燃放鞭炮很有趣。
Children find setting ff firecrackers interesting.
6. 主謂狀(SVA):主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(不及物動(dòng)詞)+狀語(yǔ)(副詞、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等)
該句式中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思。 這類動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞, 后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)從句等。
[經(jīng)典示例]
①As is scheduled, the match will take place at 8:00 am n Saturday at ur schl playgrund.
正如計(jì)劃的那樣, 比賽將在本周六上午八點(diǎn)在學(xué)校操場(chǎng)舉行。
②Suddenly a little rabbit jumped ut in frnt f my hrse.
突然一只小兔子從我的馬前跳了出來(lái)。
[佳句賞析]
①?gòu)?012年至2019年中國(guó)電影票房的收入在持續(xù)不斷地上升。
The incme f Chinese films increased cnstantly frm 2012 t 2019.
②這兩個(gè)騎自行車(chē)的人在馬路對(duì)面出現(xiàn)。
The tw cyclists turned up acrss the rad.
7. 主謂賓狀(SVOA):主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+狀語(yǔ)
[經(jīng)典示例]
①Yu need t avid making nises while chewing fd. 咀嚼的時(shí)候你得避免發(fā)出噪音。
②Experts warn abut tw extremes when it cmes t parents’ praise fr their children.
當(dāng)說(shuō)到家長(zhǎng)們表?yè)P(yáng)孩子的時(shí)候, 專家們警告說(shuō)要注意兩個(gè)極端。
[佳句賞析]
①我必須通過(guò)閱讀關(guān)于文化方面的書(shū)籍來(lái)提高自己。
I have t imprve myself by reading sme bks abut culture.
②你能夠?qū)懸恍┯嘘P(guān)你們當(dāng)?shù)氐拿绹?guó)文化的東西嗎?
Wuld yu please write smething abut the culture in yur part f the United States?
8. 存現(xiàn)句:There be+主語(yǔ)+定語(yǔ)(介詞短語(yǔ)等)
本句型又叫 There be 句型, 常用來(lái)表示“在某地(某時(shí)) 有某物(某人)”。 若 be 后有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí), be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)采取“鄰近原則”, 即 be 應(yīng)與鄰近的主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致。在此句型中, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有時(shí)不用 be, 而用其他動(dòng)詞, 使語(yǔ)言表達(dá)更生動(dòng)形象, 如 live, stand, lie 等。
[經(jīng)典示例]
①There is n denying that such ratings might bring cnvenience t cnsumers.
毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)這種排名會(huì)給消費(fèi)者帶來(lái)便利。
②There is n better theme than art, especially n the histry f western painting that will interest students mre. 沒(méi)有比藝術(shù)更好的主題了, 特別是關(guān)于西方繪畫(huà)歷史的, 那更能引起學(xué)生們的興趣。
[佳句賞析]
①不遠(yuǎn)處有一座橋, 沿著橋你就能找到那棵樹(shù)并摘到更多水果。
Nt far away there is a bridge that can lead yu t the tree fr mre fruit.
②下一周我校將舉行中國(guó)剪紙展。
Next week there will be a Chinese paper-cutting exhibitin held by ur schl.
[策略演練]
根據(jù)所給信息補(bǔ)全短文, 注意句式結(jié)構(gòu)的使用。(來(lái)源:2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)
Dear Leslie,
Hw are yu? Glad t see yu have made sme prgress in Chinese learning and (1) (我正給你寫(xiě)信, 告訴你一些我們下節(jié)課的事).
The lessn will be given frm 3 pm t 5 pm n the afternn f next Tuesday in the classrm 502. In the class, (2) (你將主要學(xué)習(xí)唐詩(shī)), which reflects traditinal Chinese culture and is deeply lved by Chinese. Yu can feel the beauty f Chinese by learning Tang Petry. (3) (你最好課前做好充足的準(zhǔn)備) and have a brief understanding f the histry f Tang Dynasty, (4) (它會(huì)讓你非常輕松地上完這節(jié)課).
(如果有什么我能幫你的), please dn’t hesitate t tell me. Lking frward t meeting yu.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua.
答案:
(1) I’m writing t tell yu smething abut ur next lessn
(2)yu will mainly learn Tang petry
(3)Yu’d better make full preparatins befre class
(4)which makes it easy fr yu t g thrugh the class
(5)If there is anything that I can help yu
【策略2:關(guān)注用語(yǔ)之美】
1.思維路徑1:替換常用簡(jiǎn)單詞
(1)動(dòng)詞升級(jí)
(2)形容詞、副詞、介詞升級(jí)
[經(jīng)典示例]
①On the ne hand, t much praise might lead t children’s lack f enthusiasm t explre new things, fr they are afraid they wn’t meet parents’ expectatins.
②Cnsidering the enrmus benefits, which we can earn steadily frm tennis practice, including preventing us frm getting shrtsighted and keeping physically healthy, we are lst in training curse.
[佳句賞析]
①The special day allws peple t shw their lve and affectin fr(對(duì)……表達(dá)愛(ài)和情感) their fathers.
②It’s advisable/wise(是明智的)fr peple t use their cell-phnes mre apprpriately/prperly(更恰當(dāng)?shù)?.
③Withut sufficient preparatin(沒(méi)有充分準(zhǔn)備), yu can hardly expect t answer all the questins crrectly and btain satisfactry marks, let alne be admitted int a desirable university(夢(mèng)想的大學(xué)).
④Tracy said she had already infrmed Susan f(通知Susan) the change f the appintment.
⑤Peple generally thught it impssible fr the Chinese team t win the champinship in the Ri Olympic Games, but they vercame many hurdles(克服許多障礙) and eventually wrked miracles/wnders(最終成功).
⑥D(zhuǎn)rama Night is scheduled t (預(yù)定)be held n the evening f next Friday in the theatre hall.
⑦Additinally(此外), having been awarded schlarship twice in ur schl, I have excellent academic perfrmance(極好的學(xué)術(shù)成就).
⑧This phenmenn has becme a cncern/fcus (成為焦點(diǎn))we must face tday because f many serius cnsequences (許多嚴(yán)重后果)caused by imprper use f cell-phnes.
2. 思維路徑2:變化所用詞的詞性
在作文中, 可以通過(guò)改變一個(gè)詞的詞性, 使文章富有變化, 讓閱卷者感受到考生對(duì)詞匯各種用法的掌握水平和靈活運(yùn)用的程度。常見(jiàn)的變化詞性的策略有名詞變動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞變名詞、形容詞變名詞等。
(1)名詞變動(dòng)詞
Peple are cncerned abut the gradual disappearance f the traditinal values.
→Peple are cncerned because the traditinal values are gradually disappearing.
傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀正在漸漸地消亡, 這讓人們很擔(dān)憂。
(2)動(dòng)詞變名詞
After watching his perfrmance, I fund he culd really dance very well.
→After watching his perfrmance, I fund him a really gd dancer.
看了他的表演之后, 我發(fā)現(xiàn)他跳舞跳得很棒。
(3)形容詞變名詞
I wrte a letter t Tm t thank him fr his being s kind.
→I wrte a letter t Tm t thank him fr his kindness. 我寫(xiě)信給湯姆對(duì)他的善良表示感謝。
3. 思維路徑3:短語(yǔ)富有變化
[經(jīng)典示例]
①Fr example, paper-cutting and Chinese knts are all feasible methds f intrducing ur culture, which are als mre cnvenient t rganize.
②The reasns why I am qualified fr the jb are as fllws.
[佳句賞析]
①Frm my pint f view(我認(rèn)為), it’s true that cell-phnes bring us lts f benefits and cnvenience, but nly when they’re used mre apprpriately(恰當(dāng)?shù)? can they serve us better.
②All my teachers and classmates sing high praise fr my prficiency(高度贊揚(yáng)我的熟練) in bth Chinese and English.
③Taking all yur requirements int accunt/cnsideratin(考慮到你的全部要求), I firmly believe I’m the right persn yu’re lking fr.
④As fr accmmdatin, I prefer t live with a lcal family because I want t imprve my English and experience authentic American culture clse up(近距離體驗(yàn)真實(shí)的美國(guó)文化).
⑤Yu are ptimistic abut life and always have cnfidence, whatever difficulty yu may encunter(遇見(jiàn)), which helps yu stand ut amng the classmates.
⑥With the imprvement f peple’s living standards(隨著人們生活水平的改善), cell-phnes are flding int ur life.
⑦We are srry fr any incnvenience that we’ll bring t yu(給您帶來(lái)的不便). Thanks fr yur understanding.
⑧Nwadays, the smart phnes have fund their way t every family and are playing a very imprtant rle in ur life. They are beneficial t us in many ways. Hwever, they als d harm t us mentally and physically(有害于我們的身心健康).
⑨In additin, seldm d I have time t keep my parents cmpany, s I decide t help my parents with sme husewrk t release/ease/lessen/reduce their pressure(緩解壓力), which I think is f benefit t enhance the relatinship(加強(qiáng)關(guān)系) between my family members.
4.思維路徑4: 變主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
考生在寫(xiě)作中習(xí)慣使用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài), 其實(shí), 如果不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者、 沒(méi)必要強(qiáng)調(diào)執(zhí)行者或者想要表達(dá)更加客觀一些的話, 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)就是一個(gè)很好的選擇。例如:
(1)My father gave me a new bk n my birthday.
(爸爸在我過(guò)生日的時(shí)候給了我一本新書(shū)。)
→I was given a new bk(by my father)n my birthday. (間接賓語(yǔ)作了主語(yǔ))
→A new bk was given t me(by my father)n my birthday. (直接賓語(yǔ)作了主語(yǔ))
(2)And sme wrld-famus players will be invited t give lessns.
并且會(huì)邀請(qǐng)一些世界著名的球員來(lái)上課。
(3)Besides, yu are expected t bring sme nice small gifts. 除此之外, (大家)會(huì)期望你帶一些小的美好的禮物。
[思維演練]
根據(jù)所給信息補(bǔ)全短文, 并注意高級(jí)詞匯的使用。(來(lái)源:2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)
Dear Peter,
(我非常高興) t hear frm yu. Yu asked me in yur last letter abut the physical exercise in ur schl and the fllwing infrmatin may (2) (給你一個(gè)粗略的理解).
T begin with,(3) (一座美麗的新體育館已落成), which(4) (已成為新的地標(biāo)) in ur schl. Mrever, with the stadium set up,(5) (各種體育項(xiàng)目) are able t be held, f which ping-png, ftball(6) (以及) running cmpetitins(7) (越來(lái)越受歡迎). As fr me, (8) (熱愛(ài)籃球) since it has been giving me strength(9) (去迎接生活中的挑戰(zhàn)).
All in all, I (10) (誠(chéng)摯邀請(qǐng)) yu t cme t ur schl and see fr yurself.
Yurs,
Li Hua
答案:
(1)I am exceedingly delighted
(2)give yu a rugh sketch
(3)a fabulus new stadium has been built up
(4)has becme the new landmark
(5)a wide range f sprts events
(6)as well as
(7)enjy great ppularity
(8)I’m intxicated with basketball
(9)t cnfrnt the challenges in my life
(10)sincerely invite
【真題再現(xiàn)】【2020·全國(guó)卷III】
假定你李華,你和同學(xué)根據(jù)英語(yǔ)課文改編了一個(gè)短劇。給外教Miss Evans寫(xiě)封郵件,請(qǐng)她幫忙指導(dǎo)。郵件內(nèi)容包括:
1. 劇情簡(jiǎn)介;
2. 指導(dǎo)內(nèi)容;
3. 商定時(shí)間地點(diǎn)。
注意:
1. 詞數(shù)100左右;
2. 結(jié)束語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Dear Miss Evans,
Hw is everything ging! I am writing in sincerity t ask yu a favr regarding a play we adapted accrding t the textbk.
We’d like t cmbine yur culture with urs by adapting the classic nvel The Steambat fr a shrt English play. The play is set n a big strm after midnight, n the raft dwn the river navigatin, we see a steambat that is ging t sink. We saved a scared by. Hwever, the adaptin is quite a challenge. Having written the English script, we dn’t want anything inapprpriate t spil the play. S wuld yu please spare sme time t review the draft script attached t this email and make necessary changes? If it is cnvenient, may I pay yu a visit at yur ffice next Tuesday t give yu mre details?
Given yur busy schedule, I’d be very appreciative if yu ffer t give sme prfessinal advice. Lk frward t yur early reply. Best regards!
Yurs truly,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文,要求考生寫(xiě)一封郵件,請(qǐng)求外教 Miss Evans對(duì)于《the Steambat》改編短劇的支持。
【詳解】
第一步:審題
體裁:應(yīng)用文
時(shí)態(tài):根據(jù)提示,時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),一般過(guò)去時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)。
結(jié)構(gòu):總分總法
第一段說(shuō)明寫(xiě)這封郵件的目的;第二段詳細(xì)說(shuō)明英語(yǔ)戲劇的劇情介紹和指導(dǎo)內(nèi)容細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題;第三段表達(dá)感謝,并期待早日得到回復(fù)。
第二步:列提綱 (重點(diǎn)詞組)
write t;accrding t ;cmbine ; adaptin ;challenge;attached t ;cnvenient
第三步:連詞成句
根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞(組)進(jìn)行遣詞造句,注意主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題。
第四步:連句成篇(銜接詞)
連句成文,注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過(guò)渡,書(shū)寫(xiě)一定要規(guī)范清晰。
第五步:潤(rùn)色修改
【點(diǎn)睛】范文內(nèi)容完整,要點(diǎn)全面,語(yǔ)言規(guī)范,語(yǔ)篇連貫,詞數(shù)適當(dāng),上下文意思連貫,符合邏輯關(guān)系。作者在范文中使用了較多主從復(fù)合句,如:If it is cnvenient, may I pay yu a visit at yur ffice next Tuesday t give yu mre details? 這句話運(yùn)用了if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。全文中沒(méi)有中國(guó)式英語(yǔ)的句式,顯示了很高的駕馭英語(yǔ)的能力。另外,文章思路清晰、層次分明,上下句轉(zhuǎn)換自然,為文章增色添彩。
【題型演練】
1
為豐富校園生活,你校將組織迎新年籃球賽,地點(diǎn)設(shè)在校體育館。假定你是學(xué)生會(huì)主席,面向本校留學(xué)生寫(xiě)一則通知,告知相關(guān)事宜。
內(nèi)容包括:
1.比賽時(shí)間和地點(diǎn);
2.報(bào)名時(shí)間和方式;
3.活動(dòng)意義。
注意:
1.詞數(shù)80左右;
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【參考范文】
Ntice
T enrich internatinal students' life n campus, we will rganize an internatinal basketball match t welcme the New Year in ur schl.
As scheduled, the match will start in the schl gymnasium at 3: 00 p. m. n May 14th. Thrugh the activity, the students will gain a lt. Nt nly can yu build up yur bdies, but als yu can strengthen team spirit and enhance friendship between students.
If yu want t be part f it, please sign up fr it befre May 2d at ur schl website. Welcme yur active participatin!
The Students’ unin
April 19th
【解析】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文,要求考生給向本校留學(xué)生寫(xiě)一則通知,希望留學(xué)生報(bào)名參加你校組織的迎新年籃球賽。
第一步:審題
體裁:應(yīng)用文
時(shí)態(tài):根據(jù)提示,時(shí)態(tài)主要為一般將來(lái)時(shí),少量用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
結(jié)構(gòu):總分法
總分法指把主題句作為總說(shuō),把支持句作為分說(shuō),并以這種方式安排所寫(xiě)內(nèi)容。
要求:
1.比賽時(shí)間和地點(diǎn);
2.報(bào)名時(shí)間和方式;
3.活動(dòng)意義。
第二步:列提綱(重點(diǎn)詞組)
n campus; as scheduled; nt nly … but als …; be part f; sign up fr it
第三步:連詞成句
1. T enrich internatinal students' life n campus, we will rganize an internatinal match t welcme the New Year in ur schl.
2. As scheduled, the match will start in the schl gymnasium at 3: 00 p. m. n May 14th.
3. Nt nly can yu build up yur bdies, but als yu can strengthen team spirit and enhance friendship between students.
4. If yu want t be part f it, please sign up fr it befre May 2d at ur schl website.
根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞(組)進(jìn)行遣詞造句,注意主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題。
第四步:連句成篇(銜接詞)(供參考)
1.表文章結(jié)構(gòu)順序:First f all, Firstly/First, Secndly/Secnd… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列補(bǔ)充關(guān)系:What is mre, Besides, Mrever, Furthermre, In additin As well as, nt nly…but (als), including,
3.表轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系:Hwever, On the cntrary, but, Althugh+ clause(從句), In spite f + n/ding, On the ne hand…,On the ther hand… Sme…,while thers…,as fr, s…that…
4.表因果關(guān)系:Because, As, S, Thus, Therefre, As a result
連句成文,注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過(guò)渡,書(shū)寫(xiě)一定要規(guī)范清晰。
【范文點(diǎn)評(píng)】
[高分句型1] T enrich internatinal students' life n campus, we will rganize an internatinal match t welcme the New Year in ur schl.(運(yùn)用了不定式作目的狀語(yǔ))
[高分句型2] Nt nly can yu build up yur bdies, but als yu can strengthen team spirit and enhance friendship between students.(運(yùn)用了部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu))
[高分句型3] If yu want t be part f it, please sign up fr it befre May 2d at ur schl website.(運(yùn)用了if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句)
2
假定你是李華,你的英國(guó)朋友Tm給你發(fā)來(lái)郵件,說(shuō)他最近幾次考試成績(jī)不太理想,他現(xiàn)在很難過(guò)。請(qǐng)你給他回封郵件,內(nèi)容包括:
1.理解他的處境;
2.給他提一些建議。
注意:1.字?jǐn)?shù)100左右;
2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫(xiě)好,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
【參考范文】
Dear Tm,
Knwing that yu are sad recently due t yur pr scres, I feel srry fr yu but I can understand yur situatin. As yur friend, I have smething t tell yu.
Dn’t wrry abut yur study t much. As lng as yu keep n wrking hard, yu will make prgress step by step. Besides, facing difficulties, yu are nt alne. Thse wh lve yu will always stand by yu. Last but nt the least, it desn’t matter hw thers think f yu. What matters is that yu shuld be cnfident. Therefre, fllw yur wn curse n matter what thers say.
I hpe yu can walk ut quickly and be happy again!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文,要求考生給英國(guó)朋友Tm寫(xiě)一封郵件,針對(duì)他最近幾次考試成績(jī)不太理想的問(wèn)題表示理解并給出建議。
第一步:審題
體裁:應(yīng)用文
時(shí)態(tài):根據(jù)提示,時(shí)態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),少量一般將來(lái)時(shí)。
結(jié)構(gòu):總分法
總分法指把主題句作為總說(shuō),把支持句作為分說(shuō),并以這種方式安排所寫(xiě)內(nèi)容。
要求:
1. 表示理解他的處境;
2. 給他提一些建議。
第二步:列提綱 (重點(diǎn)詞組)
due t; wrry abut; keep n ding sth.; make prgress; stand by sb.; think f; walk ut
第三步:連詞成句
1. Knwing that yu are sad recently due t yur pr scres, I feel srry fr yu but I can understand yur situatin.
2. As lng as yu keep n wrking hard, yu will make prgress step by step.
3. Thse wh lve yu will always stand by yu.
4. What matters is that yu shuld be cnfident.
5. Therefre, fllw yur wn curse n matter what thers say.
根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞(組)進(jìn)行遣詞造句,注意主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題。
第四步:連句成篇(銜接詞)
1.表文章結(jié)構(gòu)順序:last but nt the least
2.表并列補(bǔ)充關(guān)系:besides; and
3.表轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系:but
4.表因果關(guān)系:therefre
連句成文,注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過(guò)渡,書(shū)寫(xiě)一定要規(guī)范清晰。
【范文點(diǎn)評(píng)】
[高分句型1]. As lng as yu keep n wrking hard, yu will make prgress step by step. (由as lng as引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句)
[高分句型2]. Thse wh lve yu will always stand by yu. (由關(guān)系代詞wh引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句)
3
假定你是高中學(xué)生李華,代表自己班級(jí),邀請(qǐng)Dr. Frst 給班級(jí)同學(xué)做一場(chǎng)關(guān)于“如何保持身心健康”的在線講座。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一封信,發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)。
要點(diǎn):1. 時(shí)間,地點(diǎn);
2. 主題,可簡(jiǎn)述原因;
3. 期望與感謝。
注意:1. 詞數(shù) 100 左右;
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。
Dear Frst,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【參考范文】
Dear Frest,
I’m writing, n behalf f my class, t earnestly invite yu t deliver an nline lecture cncerning students’ health issues between 4 p. m. and 5 p. m. next Friday.
We wuld be mre than grateful if yu culd lecture n relevant appraches t imprving ur physical and psychlgical health, especially as many f us are exhausted and depressed due t cntinuus effrts in study as well as suffering frm inadequate sleep and exercise, eating disrder, and feeling stressed ut befre exams.
It’ll be ur great privilege t benefit frm yur expertise in health care. Lking frward t yur psitive reply.
Yurs
Li Hua
【解析】
本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文,要求考生寫(xiě)一封邀請(qǐng)信,邀請(qǐng)Dr. Frst 給班級(jí)同學(xué)做一場(chǎng)關(guān)于“如何保持身心健康”的在線講座。
第一步:審題
體裁:應(yīng)用文
時(shí)態(tài):根據(jù)提示,時(shí)態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)。
結(jié)構(gòu):總分法
總分法指把主題句作為總說(shuō),把支持句作為分說(shuō),并以這種方式安排所寫(xiě)內(nèi)容。
要求:
1.時(shí)間,地點(diǎn);
2.主題,可簡(jiǎn)述原因;
3. 期望與感謝。
第二步:列提綱 (重點(diǎn)詞組)
n behalf f;deliver an nline lecture;physical and psychlgical health;due t;as well as ;suffer frm;stressed ut ; benefit frm;lk frward t
第三步:連詞成句
1.I’m writing, n behalf f my class, t earnestly invite yu t deliver an nline lecture cncerning students’ health issues between 4 p. m. and 5 p. m. next Friday.
2.We wuld be mre than grateful if yu culd lecture n relevant appraches t imprving ur physical and psychlgical health, especially as many f us are exhausted and depressed due t cntinuus effrts in study as well as suffering frm inadequate sleep and exercise, eating disrder, and feeling stressed ut befre exams.
3.It’ll be ur great privilege t benefit frm yur expertise in health care.
4.Lking frward t yur psitive reply.
根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞(組)進(jìn)行遣詞造句,注意主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題。
第四步:連句成篇(銜接詞)
1.表文章結(jié)構(gòu)順序:First f all, Firstly/First, Secndly/Secnd… And then, Finally, In the end, At last(供參考)
2.表并列補(bǔ)充關(guān)系:What is mre, Besides, Mrever, Furthermre, In additin As well as, nt nly…but (als), including(供參考)
3.表轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系:Hwever, On the cntrary, but, Althugh+clause(從句), In spite f+n/ding,On the ne hand…,On the ther hand… Sme…,while thers…,as fr, s…that…(供參考)
4.表因果關(guān)系:Because, As, S, Thus, Therefre, As a result (供參考)
連句成文,注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過(guò)渡,書(shū)寫(xiě)一定要規(guī)范清晰,
【范文點(diǎn)評(píng)】
[高分句型1] I’m writing, n behalf f my class, t earnestly invite yu t deliver an nline lecture cncerning students’ health issues between 4 p. m. and 5 p. m. next Friday.(動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ))
[高分句型2] It’ll be ur great privilege t benefit frm yur expertise in health care. (it作形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式)
4
假定你是李華,你校將舉辦英語(yǔ)文化節(jié),要求每個(gè)班級(jí)出一個(gè)節(jié)目。你的同學(xué)王明善于演唱英文歌曲,但是因?yàn)樵驴寂R近,他不愿參加此項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你給他寫(xiě)一封建議信,內(nèi)容包括:
1.理解他的想法;
2.建議協(xié)調(diào)好學(xué)習(xí)和活動(dòng)的關(guān)系;
3.陳述參加集體活動(dòng)的好處。
注意:
1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;
2.信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫(xiě)好,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Wang Ming,
Srry t learn that yu chse nt t attend the cming English Culture Festival. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Lking frward t yur prmpt reply and expecting yur attendance.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【參考范文】
Dear Wang Ming,
Srry t learn that yu chse nt t attend the cming English Culture Festival. Since the mnthly examinatin is near, I ttally understand the reasn why yu rejected t take part in this activity. But in my pinin, this is a great chance fr yu t shw yurself. My advice is that yu’d better prperly handle the relatinship between study and activity. What’s mre, getting invlved in grup activities nt nly makes it easier fr yu t get n with thers, but als can build up yur cnfidence.
Lking frward t yur prmpt reply and expecting yur attendance.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文,要求考生給同學(xué)王明寫(xiě)封建議信,建議他參加班級(jí)活動(dòng)并說(shuō)明理由。
第一步:審題
體裁:應(yīng)用文
時(shí)態(tài):根據(jù)提示,時(shí)態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
結(jié)構(gòu):總分法
總分法指把主題句作為總說(shuō),把支持句作為分說(shuō),并以這種方式安排所寫(xiě)內(nèi)容。
要求:
1.理解他的想法;
2.建議協(xié)調(diào)好學(xué)習(xí)和活動(dòng)的關(guān)系;
3.陳述參加集體活動(dòng)的好處。
第二步:列提綱 (重點(diǎn)詞組)
mnthly examinatin; understand; reject; take part in; in my pinin; relatinship; get invlved in; nt nly…but als…; get n with; build up; lk frward t
第三步:連詞成句
1. Since the mnthly examinatin is near, I ttally understand the reasn why yu rejected t take part in this activity.
2. But in my pinin, this is a great chance fr yu t shw yurself.
3. My advice is that yu’d better prperly handle the relatinship between study and activity.
4. What’s mre, getting invlved in grup activities nt nly makes it easier fr yu t get n with thers, but als can build up yur cnfidence.
5. Lking frward t yur prmpt reply and expecting yur attendance.
根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞(組)進(jìn)行遣詞造句,注意主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題。
第四步:連句成篇(銜接詞)
1.表并列補(bǔ)充關(guān)系:What is mre, nt nly…but als…
2.表轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系:but
連句成文,注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過(guò)渡,書(shū)寫(xiě)一定要規(guī)范清晰。
【范文點(diǎn)評(píng)】
[高分句型1] Since the mnthly examinatin is near, I ttally understand the reasn why yu rejected t take part in this activity. (運(yùn)用了since引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句)
[高分句型2] My advice is that yu’d better prperly handle the relatinship between study and activity. (運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句)
5
假定你是李華,你的留學(xué)生同學(xué)Elvis想要了解中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)封郵件向他 介紹一下元宵節(jié)(the Lantern Festival)。內(nèi)容包括:
1.節(jié)日簡(jiǎn)介;
2.風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣;
3.邀請(qǐng)他一起過(guò)節(jié)。
注意:1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為100左右;
2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear Elvis,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【參考范文】
Dear Elvis,
Knwing that yu are interested in the Lantern Festival, nw I am writing t intrduce it t yu.
As ne f the mst imprtant traditinal festivals in China, the Lantern Festival, which is als a cntinuatin f the Spring Festival celebratin, falls n the fifteenth day f the first lunar mnth. On that day, we ften eat glue puddings. Besides, peple wuld g utside t enjy the lanterns and guess the riddles. Perhaps yu can see Dragn Dance and sme wnderful flk perfrmances, which are very interesting and exciting.
I’d like t invite yu t jin us fr the Lantern Festival. Lking frward t yur cming.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文,要求考生給留學(xué)生Elvis寫(xiě)封郵件中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日-元宵節(jié)。
第一步:審題
體裁:應(yīng)用文
時(shí)態(tài):根據(jù)提示,時(shí)態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
結(jié)構(gòu):總分法
要求:
1. 節(jié)日簡(jiǎn)介;
2.元宵節(jié)風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣;
3.邀請(qǐng)Elvis共度元宵節(jié)。
第二步:列提綱 (重點(diǎn)詞組)
be interested in;;ne f;a cntinuatin f;enjy the lanterns;flk perfrmances;invite ... t...;lk frward t
第三步:連詞成句
1.Knwing that yu are interested in the Lantern Festival, nw I am writing t intrduce it t yu.
2. As ne f the mst imprtant traditinal festivals in China, the Lantern Festival, which is als a cntinuatin f the Spring Festival celebratin, falls n the fifteenth day f the first lunar mnth.
3. Nw many f us have been studying with the help f nline curses.
4.peple wuld g utside t enjy the lanterns and guess the riddles.
5. Perhaps yu can see Dragn Dance and sme wnderful flk perfrmances, which are very interesting and exciting.
6.I’d like t invite yu t jin us fr the Lantern Festival.
根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞(組)進(jìn)行遣詞造句,注意主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題。
第四步:連句成篇(銜接詞)
1.表文章結(jié)構(gòu)順序:First f all, Firstly/First, Secndly/Secnd… And then, Finally, In the end, At last(供參考)
2.表并列補(bǔ)充關(guān)系:Besides
連句成文,注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過(guò)渡,書(shū)寫(xiě)一定要規(guī)范清晰,
【范文點(diǎn)評(píng)】
[高分句型1] Knwing that yu are interested in the Lantern Festival, nw I am writing t intrduce it t yu.(現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語(yǔ))
[高分句型2]The Lantern Festival, which is als a cntinuatin f the Spring Festival celebratin, falls n the fifteenth day f the first lunar mnth. /Perhaps yu can see Dragn Dance and sme wnderful flk perfrmances, which are very interesting and exciting.(which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)
6
假如你是丁真,你看到美國(guó)留學(xué)生Lisa在網(wǎng)上發(fā)帖,希望有人幫助她提高普通話(Mandarin)水平。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示用英語(yǔ)給她寫(xiě)一封電子郵件。
1. 相關(guān)個(gè)人信息;
2. 具體提高建議。
注意:
1. 詞數(shù)不少于100詞,開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好;
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。
Hi, Lisa,
This is Ding Zhen
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs Sincerely,
Ding Zheng
【參考范文】
Hi, Lisa,
This is Ding Zhen. I learned frm yur pst that yu want t imprve yur Mandarin. I feel hnred t have the chance t help yu with yur Mandarin learning.
Please allw me t give yu my brief reference. As a Chinese student, my biggest advantage is that I’ve been a bradcaster in schl fr years, which equips me with an utstanding language prficiency. When it cmes t hw t speak fluent Mandarin, I suggest that yu get yurself invlved in Chinese learning activities, such as explring Chinese culture, getting t knw literature and histry etc. Believe me , they are sure t aruse yur interest and strengthen yur cnfidence. Anther suggestin is t practice listening and speaking. What abut half an hur nline vide chat with me every afternn? I’m right here ready t help. D remember, learning any language is hard wrk, but yu can make it!
I’d appreciate it if yu culd ffer me the chance and I will try my best t help yu make much prgress. Lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs sincerely,
Ding Zhen
【解析】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文,要求考生給美國(guó)留學(xué)生Lisa寫(xiě)封郵件,幫助她提高普通話(Mandarin)水平。
第一步:審題
體裁:應(yīng)用文
時(shí)態(tài):根據(jù)提示,時(shí)態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),少量一般過(guò)去時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)。
結(jié)構(gòu):總分法
總分法指把主題句作為總說(shuō),把支持句作為分說(shuō),并以這種方式安排所寫(xiě)內(nèi)容。
要求:
1. 相關(guān)個(gè)人信息;
2. 具體提高建議。
第二步:列提綱(重點(diǎn)詞組)
learn frm; feel hnred t; have the chance t; equip sb with; when it cmes t; aruse yur interest and strengthen yur cnfidence; be ready t help; try ne’s best t; make much prgress; lk frward t
第三步:連詞成句
1. I learned frm yur pst that yu want t imprve yur Mandarin.
2. I feel hnred t have the chance t help yu with yur Mandarin learning.
3. As a Chinese student, my biggest advantage is that I’ve been a bradcaster in schl fr years, which equips me with an utstanding language prficiency.
4. When it cmes t hw t speak fluent Mandarin, I suggest that yu get yurself invlved in Chinese learning activities, such as explring Chinese culture, getting t knw literature and histry etc.
5. Believe me, they are sure t aruse yur interest and strengthen yur cnfidence.
6. I’m right here ready t help.
7. I’d appreciate it if yu culd ffer me the chance and I will try my best t help yu make much prgress.
8. Lking frward t yur early reply.
根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞(組)進(jìn)行遣詞造句,注意主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題。
第四步:連句成篇(銜接詞)(供參考)
1.表文章結(jié)構(gòu)順序:First f all, Firstly/First, Secndly/Secnd… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列補(bǔ)充關(guān)系:What is mre, Besides, Mrever, Furthermre, In additin As well as, nt nly…but (als), including,
3.表轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系:Hwever, On the cntrary, but, Althugh +clause(從句), In spite f +n/ding, On the ne hand…,On the ther hand… Sme…,while thers…,as fr, s…that…
4.表因果關(guān)系:Because, As, S, Thus, Therefre, As a result
連句成文,注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過(guò)渡,書(shū)寫(xiě)一定要規(guī)范清晰。
【范文點(diǎn)評(píng)】
[高分句型1]As a Chinese student, my biggest advantage is that I’ve been a bradcaster in schl fr years, which equips me with an utstanding language prficiency.(關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句和that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句)
[高分句型2]When it cmes t hw t speak fluent Mandarin, I suggest that yu get yurself invlved in Chinese learning activities, such as explring Chinese culture, getting t knw literature and histry etc.(that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句和虛擬語(yǔ)氣)
[高分句型3]I’d appreciate it if yu culd ffer me the chance and I will try my best t help yu make much prgress.(if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句)
簡(jiǎn)單詞匯
高級(jí)詞匯
say, believe,
think
figure, hld the view that, assume that, I am cnvinced that
imprve
prmte, enhance, strengthen
never give up
stick t it, insist n ding, persist in, adhere t
shuld
be suppsed t d, It is wise/sensible/ makes sense t d, nthing culd be better than. . . , It’s wrthwhile t d, deserve ding, find it rewarding and enjyable t d. . .
like
have a passin fr, be fnd f, fall in lve with, have an affectin fr
cme
apprach, arund the crner, up-cming
make
enable, allw
thank
appreciate, be grateful t, cnvey my heartfelt
help
d sb. a favr, g/cme t ne’s aid, with the assistance f, give sb. a hand
use
gain access t, be accessible t
簡(jiǎn)單詞匯
高級(jí)詞匯
mre and
mre ppular
increasingly ppular
big
enrmus, tremendus
very
extremely, remarkably, verwhelmingly, pretty, perfectly
famus
accmplished, have a high reputatin, distinguished
gd
amazing, unbelievable, incredible
bad
disgusting, awful, terrible
imprtant
significant, vital, essential, fundamental, crucial
all kinds f
a variety f, varius, diverse
abut
cncerning, relevant, related
漢語(yǔ)
英語(yǔ)高級(jí)短語(yǔ)
努力
struggle fr=strive fr=spare n effrts fr
從事
embark n=set abut=g in fr
在當(dāng)代
in cntemprary sciety=in present-day sciety=in this day and age
大量的
a hst f=a great number f=a large amunt f
更糟糕的是
what’s wrse=wrse still=t make matters wrse
遇見(jiàn);偶遇
meet=run int=cme acrss=meet with=encunter
依我看
in my pinin=as far as I’m cncerned=frm my pint f view
除了……之外(還有)
besides=in additin t=apart frm=as well as=alng with
一方面, 另一方面
n ne hand, n the ther hand=fr ne thing, fr anther thing
高度評(píng)價(jià)
think highly f=sing high praise fr=think well f
把……考慮在內(nèi)
take. . . int cnsideratin=take. . . int accunt
有資格的;有能力的;勝任的
be fit fr=be equal t=be qualified fr=be cmpetent in
參加
take part in/participate in
一些如何……的建議
sme advice/tips/suggestins n hw t. . .
對(duì)……感到緊張
feel nervus/anxius abut
克服緊張, 緩解焦慮
erase/vercme/get ver
nervusness/relieve anxiety
樹(shù)立信心, 對(duì)自己有信心
build up cnfidence/have cnfidence in yurself/be cnfident abut yurself
對(duì)……有益的
benefit=be f great benefit=be beneficial t
對(duì)……有害的;對(duì)……有損害的
harm=d harm t/d damage t=be harmful t
接觸到;有機(jī)會(huì)使用
access=gain/have access t=be accessible t
對(duì)……(不)方便的
be cnvenient/incnvenient fr sb. t d=bring cnvenience/incnvenience t sb.
對(duì)……有影響/作用
have an effect/influence/impact n. . . /make a difference t sb.
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