新高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)專題11 定語從句十大考點(diǎn)（講案） （含解析）

這是一份新高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)專題11 定語從句十大考點(diǎn)（講案） （含解析），共20頁。試卷主要包含了分割型定語從句及強(qiáng)調(diào)句型等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。

目錄
一、定語從句快問快答 P2
二、定語從句五年高考真題考點(diǎn)細(xì)目表 P2
考點(diǎn)清單一、關(guān)系代詞that和which典型用法歸納 P3
考點(diǎn)清單二、關(guān)系代詞whse, wh, whm典型用法歸納 P4
考點(diǎn)清單三、關(guān)系副詞where典型用法歸納 P6
考點(diǎn)清單四、關(guān)系副詞when典型用法歸納 P7
考點(diǎn)清單五、關(guān)系副詞why 典型用法歸納 P8
考點(diǎn)清單六、如何區(qū)分先行詞作狀語還是賓語 P8
考點(diǎn)清單七、關(guān)系代詞as典型用法歸納 P9
考點(diǎn)清單八、定語從句“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”用法歸納 P10
考點(diǎn)清單九、定語從句中的主謂一致用法歸納 P11
考點(diǎn)清單十、分割型定語從句及強(qiáng)調(diào)句型、名詞性從句變式考查 P12
分層訓(xùn)練（一）定語從句五年高考真題通關(guān) P12
分層訓(xùn)練（二）定語從句易混對比十組 P16
分層訓(xùn)練（三）定語從句助力應(yīng)用文寫作升格 P18
分層訓(xùn)練（四）定語從句助力讀后續(xù)寫升格 P19
分層訓(xùn)練（五）外刊原創(chuàng)最新語法填空 P20
神十七神十八兩個(gè)乘組會師中國空間站 P20
一、定語從句快問快答
Q1：什么叫定語從句？
A1：顧名思義，定語從句就是一個(gè)從句在句中修飾一個(gè)名詞或從句，起修飾、解釋或限制作用。
Q2：什么是定語從句兩要素？
A2：一是被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞，叫先行詞，二是引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞，叫關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞。
Q3：定語從句分哪兩大類型？
A3：根據(jù)功能，分限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句，后者前邊往往有逗號隔開。
Q4：什么叫分割型定語從句？
A4：一般來說，先行詞后緊跟定語從句，有時(shí)二者被謂語或介詞短語分隔開，構(gòu)成分割型定語從句。如：I was the nly persn (in my ffice) wh was invited t the pening ceremny.
Q5：定語從句關(guān)系代詞有哪些？
A5：定語從句關(guān)系代詞有that, which, wh, whm, whse, as。
Q6：定語從句關(guān)系副詞有哪些？
A6：定語從句關(guān)系副詞類有when, where, why。注意先行詞是the way，在句中作方式狀語時(shí)，定語從句常用that引導(dǎo)，相當(dāng)于in which。
Q7：學(xué)習(xí)定語從句難點(diǎn)在哪里？
A7：一是選擇合適的關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞，二是“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)介詞的選擇或關(guān)系代詞的判斷，三是定語從句和名詞性從句及強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的辨別。
Q8：閱讀中遇到定語從句怎么辦？
A8：利用括號法把整個(gè)定語從句括起來視為一個(gè)整體來理解。
Q9：學(xué)好定語從句有什么意義？
A9：一能化繁為簡迅速提高文章閱讀能力，二能在書面表達(dá)巧妙運(yùn)用定語從句提升句子表達(dá)效果。
Q10：如何才能學(xué)好定語從句？
A10：一是努力掌握定語從句基本知識框架，二是加強(qiáng)訓(xùn)練和背誦，積少成多，見多識廣。
二、定語從句五年高考真題考點(diǎn)細(xì)目表
考點(diǎn)清單一、關(guān)系代詞that和which典型用法歸納
要點(diǎn)精講1：只用關(guān)系代詞that不用which的場合
【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用關(guān)系代詞that或which填空。
1. The teacher and the bks ________ he recmmended were excellent.
2. She is the tallest girl ________I have ever seen.
3. There is nthing ________ can stp me frm achieving my gals.
4. The third place ________ they visited was the Great Wall.
5. This is all ________ I want t say at the meeting.
6.（2014全國I卷）Maybe yu leave a habit ________is driving yur family crazy.
7.（2015全國I卷）I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place fr turists seeking the limestne muntain tps and dark waters f the Li River _________are pictured by artists in s many Chinese paintings.
【答案與解析】
1. that。先行詞既為人又為物時(shí)，只能用that不用which。故答案是that。
2. that。先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾只能用that不用which。故答案是that。
3. that。先行詞是nthing, everything等不定代詞 只能用that不用which。故答案是that。
4. that。先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾只能用that不用which。故答案是that。
5. that。先行詞是nthing, all等不定代詞 只能用that不用which。故答案是that。
6. that。先行詞是a habit，定語從句中使用關(guān)系代詞that/which指代先行詞，在句作主語，不能省略。故填which/that。
7. that/which。先行詞指物，為Li River，從句缺少主語，用關(guān)系代詞。句意：漓江被許多藝術(shù)家所繪畫。故用that/which。
要點(diǎn)精講2：只用關(guān)系代詞that不用which的場合
【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用關(guān)系代詞that或which填空。
8. July 1, 1921 was the day ________ we will nt frget.
9. Lillian wrks in a gvernment ffice in ________ there are many different departments.
10. Please tell me the reasn ___________can explain yur absence reasnably.
11.(2020全國II卷改編) Thank yu fr yur letter, ___________ really made me happy.
12. (2017全國III卷) But Sarah, ___________has taken part in shws alng with tp mdels wants t prve that she has brains as well as beauty.
【答案與解析】
8. that/which?？瞻滋幭刃性~是day，從句缺少賓語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which/that引導(dǎo)。故填that/which。
9. which。這是“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，先行詞是ffice。故答案是which。
10. which?？瞻滋幭刃性~是reasn，從句缺少主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which/that引導(dǎo)。故填that/which。
11. which。逗號后的從句為非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞yur letter，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，指物，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。故填which。
12. wh。逗號表明這是非限制性定語從句；先行詞指人，作主語，不能用that或which。故答案是wh。
要點(diǎn)精講3：that還可以用作關(guān)系副詞，表示方式，相當(dāng)于in which，此時(shí)that可可以省略。
The way in which / that /不填 he explains the sentence t us is quite simple. 他向我們解釋這個(gè)句子的方式很簡單。（the way在定語從句充當(dāng)方式狀語）
I dn’t like the way that/in which yu speak t yur mum. 我不喜歡你對媽媽說話的方式。（the way在定語從句充當(dāng)方式狀語）
【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
13. Wmen dn’t think in the same way ___________ men d.
14. I think highly f the way in ___________yu remember English wrds.
【答案與解析】
13. that。這里that men d是定語從句，修飾先行詞way。換言之，the way在后邊定語從句作方式狀語。故填that。
14. which。這里in ___________yu remember English wrds是定語從句，修飾先行詞way。換言之，the way在后邊定語從句作方式狀語，that-in which。故填that。
考點(diǎn)清單二、關(guān)系代詞whse, wh, whm典型用法歸納
要點(diǎn)精講1：關(guān)系代詞whse的用法
Frtune never helps the man whse curage fails.運(yùn)氣從不幫助喪失勇氣的人。（先行詞是man，指人）
He has written a bk whse name I have cmpletely frgtten. 他寫了本書名我完全忘記了的書。（先行詞是bk, 指物）
Lk at the building, whse rf=the rf f which=f which the rf is red. 看那棟樓,樓頂?shù)念伾羌t色。
【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
1. This kind f bk is fr children _________ native language is English.
2. The huse the windws f _________ are brken is empty.
3. This is Mr Smith, with _________ help I’ve made great prgress in grammar.
4. Which bk is the ne ________ writer has wn the Nbel Prize in Literature?
5. (2017江蘇卷) In 1963 the UN set up the Wrld Fd Prgramme, ne f _______ purpses is t relieve wrldwide starvatin.
6. (2018天津卷) Kae, _________sister I shared a rm with when we were at cllege, has gne t wrk in Australia.
【答案與解析】
1. whse。句意：這種書是給母語為英語的兒童看的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處需用關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是children，指人，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作定語，表示所屬關(guān)系，意為“……的”。故填whse。
2. which。the windws f which=whse windws。故答案是which。
3. with whse。with ne’s help表示“在……幫助下”。故答案是whse。
4. 句意：哪本書是獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎的作者寫的？分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是the ne，指物，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作定語，和writer是所屬關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用whse引導(dǎo)。故填whse。
5. whse。whse用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作定語，先行詞指人。故答案是whse。
6. whse。whse用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作定語，先行詞指物。故答案是whse。
考點(diǎn)精講2：關(guān)系代詞wh 和whm的用法
Thse wh want t g t the Great Wall sign up here.
I met a girl in the street yesterday wh grew up in Yunnan prvince.
Mr Wang is my favrite teacher, whm I trust very much.
The persn t whm yu just talked is Mr. Depp.
【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用關(guān)系代詞wh, whm, whse填空。
7. The ld man has tw sns, bth f _________ are lawyers.
8. The girl _________ wn the first prize in the cntest is frm Zhejiang.
9. One _________ has nthing t fear fr neself dares t tell the truth.
10. In my pinin, anyne _________ is anxius abut the result will fail after all.
11. The rescue teams attempted t rescue the peple________ were trapped in the ruins and dust.
12. There is a lake near ur schlyard ________ depth is beynd yur expectatin.
13. They want t establish a cmmittee r a special academy _______ jb is t give recgnitin t new drugs.
14. An idim is a grup f wrds _________ meaning is different frm the meanings f the individual wrds.
15.（2016全國III卷）Sme peple think that the great Chinese schlar Cnfucius, __________lived frm rughly 551 t 479 B.C., influenced the develpment f chpsticks.
【答案與解析】
7. whm。這是“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，先行詞指人，只能用whm。故答案是whm。
8. wh。定語從句缺少主語，先行詞指人，故用wh。
9. wh。定語從句缺少主語，先行詞指人，故用wh。
10. wh。定語從句缺少主語，先行詞指人，anyne wh….是特定句型，表示“無論是誰，凡是”，故用wh。
11. wh。句意：救援隊(duì)試圖營救被困在廢墟和塵土中的人。_____ were trapped in the ruins and dust是定語從句，修飾the peple。關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，指人，應(yīng)該用關(guān)系代詞wh引導(dǎo)從句。故填wh。
12. whse。句意：我們學(xué)校附近有一個(gè)湖，它的深度超出你的預(yù)料。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空所在句 ________ depth is beynd yur expectatin用于修飾前面的名詞lake，所以這是一個(gè)限定性定語從句，lake是先行詞；根據(jù)句意可知，定語從句與先行詞之間是從屬關(guān)系，表示“誰的”，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whse引導(dǎo)。故填whse。
13. whse。句意：他們想成立一個(gè)委員會或?qū)W會，其工作是對新藥給予認(rèn)可。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“___ jb is t give recgnitin t new drugs”是限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞a cmmittee r a special academy，設(shè)空處在定語從句中作定語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whse。故填whse。
14. whse。句意：成語是一組詞，其意思不同于單個(gè)詞的意思。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞wrds，在定語從句中作定語，需用關(guān)系代詞whse引導(dǎo)，表示“……的”。故填whse。
15. wh。句中有逗號，說明是非限制性定語從句，先行詞是Cnfucius孔子，定語從句缺少主語，且指人，故填wh。
考點(diǎn)清單三、關(guān)系副詞where典型用法歸納
要點(diǎn)精講：
This is the hspital where my sister used t wrk. (the hspital是先行詞，where是關(guān)系副詞，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。)
The shp where I bught this shirt is nt far frm here.我買這件襯衫的商店離這里不遠(yuǎn)。（定語從句是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)，不缺少賓語）
We have reached the pint where a change is needed. 我們已經(jīng)到了需要改變的地步。（先行詞pint是抽象地點(diǎn)）
I dn’t want a jb where I’m chained t a desk all day. 我不想找一份整天坐辦公桌前的工作。（先行詞jb是抽象地點(diǎn)）
It's put me in a psitin where I can't affrd t take a jb. 這使我陷入一種不能接受此工作的境地。（先行詞psitin是抽象地點(diǎn)）
【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
1. The accident happened at the pint _______ the A15 jins the M1.
2. Remember that there is still ne pint _______ we must make clear tmrrw.
3. Tday, we’ll discuss sme cases _____ beginners f English fail t use the language prperly.
4. He wrte a letter __________ he explained what had happened in the accident.
5. She wants a jb __________ her management skills can be put t gd use.
6. (2018江蘇) Self-driving is an area __________ China and the rest f the wrld are n the same starting line.
7. He fell int the cnditin __________where his heart disqualified him fr military service.
【答案與解析】
1. where。先行詞是抽象名詞pint，定語從句有主謂賓，應(yīng)缺少地點(diǎn)狀語。故答案是where。
2. that/which。定語從句含有make…clear結(jié)構(gòu)，因此從句缺少賓語。故答案是that/which。
3. where。先行詞是抽象名詞cases，定語從句不缺少主語和賓語，應(yīng)作狀語。故答案是where。
4. where。先行詞是名詞letter，定語從句不缺少主語和賓語，應(yīng)作狀語，相當(dāng)于in which。故答案是where。
5. where。先行詞是抽象名詞jb，定語從句有主謂賓，應(yīng)缺少地點(diǎn)狀語。故答案是where。
6. where。先行詞an area在定語從句充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語，故答案是where。
7. where。句意：他陷入這種境地----心臟病使他不符合服兵役的條件。先行詞an area在定語從句充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語，故答案是where。
考點(diǎn)清單四、關(guān)系副詞when典型用法歸納
要點(diǎn)精講：
D yu remember the day when we first met? 你還記得我們第一次見面的那一天嗎？（定語從句是主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，不缺少賓語）
There are ccasins when ne must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時(shí)候。（先行詞ccasins是典型時(shí)間名詞）
【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
1. I will never frget the mnths ________I spent with my cusin in Beijing.
2. Peple are living in an age ________many jbs are dne n cmputer.
3. The days are gne ________ physical strength was all yu needed t make a living.
4. She’ll never frget her stay there ________ she fund her sn wh went missing tw years befre.
【答案與解析】
1. that/which。沒有特別限定，二者都可以，時(shí)間名詞在定語從句作賓語。故答案是that/which。
2. when。when用作關(guān)系副詞，在定語從句作時(shí)間狀語。故答案是when。
3. when。when用作關(guān)系副詞，在定語從句作時(shí)間狀語。注意本句先行詞The days和定語從句沒有緊挨在一起，而是被謂語are gne分隔開，形成分割定語從句。故答案是when。
4. when。when用作關(guān)系副詞，在定語從句作時(shí)間狀語。故答案是when。
考點(diǎn)清單五、關(guān)系副詞why 典型用法歸納
要點(diǎn)精講：
I dn’t knw the reasn why he came s late. 我不知道他來得那么晚的原因。（定語從句是主謂結(jié)構(gòu)）
The reasn why he is late is that he failed t catch the first bus. 他遲到的原因是他沒能趕上第一班公共汽車。
The reasn that he gave fr being late is that he failed t catch the first bus. 他給出遲到的原因是他沒能趕上第一班公共汽車。
【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
1. D yu knw the reasn _______Jim failed t cme tday?
2. The reasn _________Jim failed t cme was ________he was seriusly ill.
3. Culd yu tell me the reasn _________ he gave yu yesterday?
【答案與解析】
1. why。why用作關(guān)系副詞，在定語從句作原因狀語。故答案是why。
2. why; that。The reasn why…is that…是固定句型，表示“之所以……是因?yàn)椤?。故答案是why; that。
3. that/which。本句中定語從句謂語動詞gave缺少賓語，因此應(yīng)該填寫that/which。
考點(diǎn)清單六、如何區(qū)分先行詞作狀語還是賓語
要點(diǎn)精講：先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞，關(guān)系詞不一定用where；先行詞是時(shí)間名詞，關(guān)系詞不一定用when；先行詞是原因名詞，關(guān)系詞不一定用why；竅門：學(xué)會分析句子成分，原句含有主謂賓或者不缺少賓語才能用關(guān)系副詞；原句缺少主語或 賓語才能用關(guān)系代詞。
【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
1. D yu still remember the days________ we traveled tgether?
2. D yu still remember the days________ we spent tgether?
3. Is this the museum ______ yu nce wrked?
4. Is this the museum ______ yu nce paid a visit t?
5. Is this the reasn _______he was absent frm schl yesterday?
6. Is this the reasn _______he gave fr absence frm schl yesterday?
7. Anyway, that evening, ______I’ll tell yu mre abut later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.
【答案與解析】
1. when。when用作關(guān)系副詞，在定語從句作時(shí)間狀語。故答案是when。
2. that/which。沒有特別限定，二者都可以，時(shí)間名詞在定語從句作賓語。故答案是that/which。
3. where。where用作關(guān)系副詞，在定語從句作地點(diǎn)狀語。故答案是t reduce。
4. that/which。沒有特別限定，二者都可以，地點(diǎn)名詞在定語從句作賓語。故答案是that/which。
5. why。why用作關(guān)系副詞，在定語從句作原因狀語。故答案是t reduce。
6. that/which。從句謂語動詞give是及物動詞，從句缺少賓語。故答案是that/which。
7. which。逗號表明這是非限制性定語從句，從句abut暗示后面缺少賓語。故答案是which。
考點(diǎn)清單七、關(guān)系代詞as典型用法歸納
要點(diǎn)精講1：as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句的用法
1. 用作關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，作從句的主語、賓語；
2. 用于such…as…, s…as…, the same…as…, the same…that句型。注意定語從句關(guān)系詞作主語或賓語，而s…that…, such…that…引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，that只起連接作用不作句子成分。
3. 注意the same…as…強(qiáng)調(diào)“和……是同一類”；the same…that…強(qiáng)調(diào)“和……是同一個(gè)”。
I never heard such stries as he tells．我從未聽過像他講的那種故事。
They have never read s many bks as I read last year. 他們從來都沒有讀過像我去年讀過的那些書。
This is the same dictinary as I lst yesterday. 這本詞典和我昨天丟的那本一樣。（不是同一本詞典）
He is the same by that helped me yesterday. 他是昨天幫過我的那個(gè)男孩。（指同一個(gè)男孩）
【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
1. Ls Angeles is such an attractive place _______everyne likes t visit.
2. Ls Angeles is such an attractive place _______everyne likes t visit it.
3. This is ______difficult a prblem _____n ne can wrk ut.
4. This is ______difficult a prblem _____n ne can wrk it ut.
5. My pen is missing. I’d like t buy the same pen _______I lst.
6. Jenny is s happy, fr she has fund the same pen ______ she lst yesterday.
【答案與解析】
1. as。such…as…構(gòu)成限制性定語從句，從句缺少賓語。故答案是as。
2. that。such…that…構(gòu)成結(jié)果狀語從句，從句不缺少成分。故答案是that。
3. s; as。s…as…構(gòu)成限制性定語從句，從句缺少賓語。故答案是s; as。
4. s; that。s…that…構(gòu)成結(jié)果狀語從句，從句不缺少成分。故答案是s; that。
5. as。the same…as…強(qiáng)調(diào)“和……是同一類，符合語境要求。故答案是as。
6. that。the same…that…強(qiáng)調(diào)“和……是同一個(gè)，符合語境要求。故答案是that。
要點(diǎn)精講2：as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的用法
As is knwn t all, Taiwan belngs t China.眾所周知，臺灣屬于中國。（as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句且位于句首）
Taiwan, as is knwn t all, belngs t China. 眾所周知，臺灣屬于中國。（as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句且位于句中）
She has married again, as was expected. 不出所料，她又結(jié)婚了。（as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句且位于句末）
As is ften the case, girls like dlls while bys like guns. 女孩子喜歡玩具而男孩子喜歡槍，這是常見的情況。
He sld his new car, which made me surprised. 他把車賣掉，這讓我很吃驚。
【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
7. He failed in the driving test again, _________surprised us all.
8. He failed in the driving test again, _________we had expected.
9. _________ is ften the case with Jim, he was fined fr speeding.
10. The air quality in the city, ______ is shwn in the reprt, has imprved ver the past tw mnths.
【答案與解析】
7. which。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，且多用于“which+動詞+賓語”句型。故答案是which。
8. as。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句強(qiáng)調(diào)前后邏輯一致，“正如”。故答案是as。
9. As。as is ften the case with sb引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。位于句首或句末。故答案是As。
10. as。as引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以插入到主句中間，如本句。故答案是as。
考點(diǎn)清單八、定語從句“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)
要點(diǎn)精講：
I'll never frget the day n which we mved t ur huse.（先行詞the day常與介詞n連用）
Can yu tell me the reasn fr which yu are s late? （先行詞the reasn常與介詞fr連用）
Is this the car fr which yu paid a high price?（定語從句謂語動詞pay fr是固定搭配）
Mathematics is the subject in which I am mst interested. （定語從句謂語動詞be interested in是固定搭配）
D yu like the teacher frm whm she learned a lt? （定語從句謂語動詞learn frm…是固定搭配）
My cmputer, withut which I can’t surf the Internet, brke dwn yesterday. （定語從句根據(jù)語境應(yīng)用withut which）
In ur class there are 50 students, half f whm wear glasses. （定語從句根據(jù)語境應(yīng)用f whm）
【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
1. D yu remember the day we first met?
2. D yu remember the mnth we first met?
3. This is the skirt she paid $100.
4. This is the skirt she spent $100.
5. This is my English teacher, I’ve learned a lt.
6. This is my English teacher, help I culdn’t have made such rapid prgress.
7. Can yu tell me the way yu slve the prblem？
【答案與解析】
1. n which?！霸谀骋惶臁苯樵~用n。故答案是n which。
2. in which?！霸谀骋辉隆苯樵~用in。故答案是in which。
3. fr which。pay…fr…是固定詞組。故答案是fr which。
4. n which。spend mney/time n…是固定詞組。故答案是n which。
5. frm whm。從句謂語含有l(wèi)earn frm短語。故答案是frm whm。
6. withut whse。with ne’s help表示“在某人幫助下”，結(jié)合語境應(yīng)用否定形式。故答案是withut whse。
7. in which。先行詞the way在從句充當(dāng)?shù)姆绞綘钫Z，故答案是in which。
考點(diǎn)清單九、定語從句中的主謂一致典型用法
要點(diǎn)精講1：先行詞作主語，that/which/wh從句謂語動詞和主語保持一致。
Anyne wh fails t finish the task given shuld be criticized.任何人不能完成指定的任務(wù)，都應(yīng)受到批評。
Thse wh want t g t the Great Wall sign up here.凡是想去長城的人在這里簽名。
【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. Anyne wh ___________(want) t see the film shuld put up yur hands.
2. I, wh __________(be) yur friend, can understand yu.
3. There are many yung peple wh __________(be) keen n flk music.
【答案與解析】
1. wants。anyne作主語，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。故答案是wants。
2. am。定語從句主語是I，對應(yīng)謂語是am。故答案是am。
3. are。定語從句先行詞是many yung peple，對應(yīng)謂語是are。故答案是are。
要點(diǎn)精講2：先行詞是ne f…結(jié)構(gòu)，定語從句謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；先行詞是the nly /very ne f…，定語從句謂語用單數(shù)。
He is ne f the students wh have read the bk. 他是看過這本書的學(xué)生中的一位。
She is the nly ne f the girls wh knws English. 她是那些女孩中唯一一位懂英語的。
【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
4. He is ne f the students wh ________ (praise) at yesterday’s meeting.
5. He is the nly ne f the students wh ______________(praise) at yesterday’s meeting.
【答案與解析】
4. were praised。先行詞是ne f…結(jié)構(gòu)，定語從句謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。故答案是were praised。
5. was praised。先行詞是the nly /very ne f…，定語從句謂語用單數(shù)。故答案是was praised。
考點(diǎn)清單十、分割型定語從句及強(qiáng)調(diào)句型、名詞性從句變式考查
要點(diǎn)精講：
Occasins are quite rare when I have the time t spend a day with my kids. 我有時(shí)間和孩子們度過一天的場合很罕見。（分割性定語從句）
It is in the factry which yu are visiting that this kind f cmputer is made. 這種電腦是在你們正在參觀的工廠里生產(chǎn)出來的。（強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和定語從句混合考查）
The news that ur team wn the game made us excited. 我們隊(duì)獲勝的消息令我們很激動。（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，且that不作句子成分）
The news that he tld us just nw made us very excited. 他剛才告訴我們的消息令我們很激動。（that引導(dǎo)定語從句，且that不作從句的賓語）
【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
1. The village has develped a lt __________ we learned farming tw years ag.
2. It was in the backyard ________ my father planted many vegetables ________ he dug up a statue.
3. He wrte a lt f nvels, many f _________ were translated int freign languages.
4. He wrte a lt f nvels, and many f _______ were translated int freign languages.
5. A new schl will be built in _________was a wasteland a few years ag.
【答案與解析】
1. where。本句是分割定語從句，先行詞是the village，定語從句被謂語部分分隔開。故答案是when。
2. where; that。________ my father planted many vegetables是定語從句修飾先行詞backyard；后面才是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。故答案是where; that。
3. which。這是“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。故答案是which。
4. them。and是解題關(guān)鍵，表明這是一個(gè)并列句。故答案是them。
5. what。介詞in后面接一個(gè)賓語，該從句缺少引導(dǎo)詞和主語，故答案是what。
分層訓(xùn)練（一）五年定語從句高考真題題組
〖2024年高考真題題組〗
1.（2024新課標(biāo)I卷） The Glasshuse stands as a great achievement in cntemprary design, t huse the plants f the suthwestern part f China at the end f a path retracing (追溯) the steps alng the Silk Rute ____64____ brught the plants frm their native habitat in Asia t cme t define much f the richness f gardening in England.
答案：that/which。
解析：考查定語從句。句意：Mark Wdruff補(bǔ)充說：“這是當(dāng)代設(shè)計(jì)的最高成就，在絲綢之路的盡頭，中國亞熱帶西南部的植物群從溫帶的歐洲穿過山脈、干旱的土地和高山牧場，這些植物從亞洲的原生棲息地帶到英國，定義了英國園藝的豐富和榮耀?！笨仗幰龑?dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞design，先行詞指物，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞which或that引導(dǎo)從句。故填which/that。
2.（2024全國甲卷）Yellwstne was the largest United States natinal park - 2.2 millin acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in suthern Alaska, became a natinal mnument in 1978, tk the hnrs as a natinal park in 1980 with 12.3 millin acres.
答案：which。
解析：本空所在句子為定語從句，先行詞為Wrangell-Saint Elias，故答案在which和that間選，而本空前有逗號，that前不能加逗號，故填which。
3.（2024浙江1月卷）Of curse, shps are nt charities — they price gds in the way _________ will make them the mst mney.
答案：that/which。
解析：考查定語從句。句意：當(dāng)然，商店不是慈善機(jī)構(gòu)——他們以最賺錢的方式給商品定價(jià)。在定語從句中缺少主語，且先行詞為way，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that或which。故填that/which。
〖2023年高考真題題組〗
1.（2023全國甲卷）Yet, the frm f the fable still has values tday, 63 Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw”.
答案：as。
解析：考查定語從句。句意：然而，正如雷切爾·卡森在《明日寓言》中所說，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有價(jià)值。引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，且有“正如”之意，用關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)。故填as。
2.（2023全國甲卷）“There was nce a twn in the heart f America, 64 all life seemed t enjy peaceful existence with is surrundings,” her fable begins, brrwing sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
答案：where。
解析：考查定語從句。句意：“從前，在美國的中心地帶有一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)，那里所有的生命似乎都和周圍的環(huán)境一起享受著和平的生活，”她的寓言是這樣開頭的，借用了許多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的詞。句中先行詞為twn，在非限定性定語從句作地點(diǎn)狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故填where。
3.（2023全國甲卷）She even played sme recrdings f their singing, what was fun.
答案：what改為which。
解析：考查定語從句。句意：她甚至播放了一些它們唱歌的錄音，這很有趣。此處非限制性定語從句修飾singing，從句缺少主語，指物，故what改為which。
4.（2023全國乙卷）But fr all its ancient buildings, Beijing is als a place 63 welcmes the fast-paced develpment f mdern life, with 21st-century architectural wnders standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
答案：which/that
解析：考查定語從句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一個(gè)歡迎現(xiàn)代生活快節(jié)奏發(fā)展的地方，21世紀(jì)的建筑奇跡與過去的歷史建筑并存。這里為定語從句的關(guān)系代詞，先行詞為“a place”，在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞which或that引導(dǎo)。故填which/that。
5.（2023全國乙卷）The clr she chse came in a bx which had a picture f a wman that hair clr lked just perfect.
答案：that改為whse。
考查定語從句。句意：她選的顏色裝在一個(gè)盒子里，盒子里有一張女人的照片，她的頭發(fā)顏色看起來非常完美。此處是限定性定語從句，先行詞是wman，關(guān)系詞在從句中作hair的定語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whse引導(dǎo)。故that改為whse。
6．(2022天津3月卷) Kenny still remembers the class discussin ________the teacher asked students t share what they wanted t be when they grew up.
A．whyB．whichC．thatD．where
【答案】D
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：Kenny仍然記得課堂上的討論，老師要求學(xué)生們分享他們長大后想成為什么樣的人。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞the class discussin。先行詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，意為“在課堂討論中”，是“模糊地點(diǎn)”，所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句。故選D。
〖2022年高考真題題組〗
1.（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP is intended t prvide strnger prtectin fr all the species ____65____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly imprve the health f the ecsystem in the area.
答案：that
解析：考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：該計(jì)劃旨在為生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物種提供更有力的保護(hù)，并顯著改善該地區(qū)的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康。設(shè)空處為關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞等于關(guān)系詞，設(shè)空處在從句中作指物的主語，先行詞為species，且先行詞前為all修飾，只能用關(guān)系代詞that。故填that。
2.（2022全國甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilmeter jurney, the man Ca Shengkang, _________ lst his eyesight at the age f eight in a car accident, crssed 40 cities and cunties in three prvince.
答案：wh
解析：考查定語從句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8歲時(shí)因一次車禍?zhǔn)鞯哪凶硬苁⒖荡┻^了三個(gè)省的40個(gè)城市和縣。分析句子結(jié)合句意可知，此處是非限定性定語從句，先行詞為Ca Shengkang，指人，在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞wh引導(dǎo)。故填wh。
3.（2022年浙江1月）Kim Cbb, a prfessr at the Gergia Institute f Technlgy in Atlanta, is ne f a small but grwing minrity f academics __________ are cutting back n their air travel because f climate change.
答案：that/wh
解析：考查定語從句。句意：亞特蘭大佐治亞科技研究院的教授Kim Cbb是一個(gè)少數(shù)但是不斷增加的少數(shù)學(xué)者中的一員，因?yàn)闅夂蜃兓?，他們正在削減他們的飛機(jī)旅行。名詞academics后為定語從句且在從句中作主語，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞替代，故填that/wh。
4. （2022全國乙卷）Just see hw cars have taken ver ur cities. They ften run at high speeds, what may put ur lives in danger.
答案：what改為which。
解析：考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：它們經(jīng)常高速行駛，這可能會危及我們的生命。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，逗號后是非限制性定語從句，先行詞為前面的一句話，在從句中做主語，應(yīng)用which 引導(dǎo)。故將what改為which。
5. (2022天津卷) Guide bks are prepared t suit the cnvenience f the traveler, ________ rutes rund a city r a site are ften suggested.
A. fr whichB. with which
C. fr whmD. with whm
答案：C
解析：考查定語從句。句意：旅游指南是為了給游客提供方便的，里面為游客建議了參觀一個(gè)城市或景點(diǎn)的線路。分析句子成分可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞traveler；結(jié)合句意，路線是給游客提供、為了游客而給出的建議，故需要用介詞fr表示“給……”，先行詞為人，故fr后用whm。故選C項(xiàng)。
〖2021年高考真題題組〗
1.（2021新高考II卷）I decided that if I learned f a cmpany___________ used a lt f plastic, I'd send it an email urging it t cut back.
答案：that/which
解析：考查定語從句。句意：我決定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就給它發(fā)郵件，敦促它減少使用塑料。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)， ________ used a lt f plastic是一個(gè)定語從句，修飾先行詞a cmpany，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，指物，用which或that引導(dǎo)該從句，所以填which或that。
2.（2021浙江卷）BMI is an internatinally recgnized measurement tl ________ gives an indicatin f whether smene is a healthy weight.
答案：that/which
解析：考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞。句意：BMI是一種國際公認(rèn)的測量工具，它可以顯示一個(gè)人的體重是否健康。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，tl是先行詞，且在從句中做主語，故填that/which。
3.（2021天津卷）In the spring, a seasn ________ we are learning new rhythms f life，many f us find cmfrt in the natural wrld.
A. whenB. whereC. whatD. which
答案：A
解析：考查定語從句。句意：春天是我們學(xué)習(xí)新的生活節(jié)奏的季節(jié)，許多人在大自然中找到了舒適感。此處a seasn是先行詞，在后面的定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語，定語從句由關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)。故選A。
4.（2021北京卷）When yu sleep, yur brain srts thrugh everything ____12____ happened during the day，trying t link new experiences t ld memries.
答案：that
解析：考查定語從句。句意：當(dāng)你睡覺時(shí)，你的大腦會整理白天發(fā)生的一切，試圖將新經(jīng)歷與舊記憶聯(lián)系起來。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處需用連接詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是不定代詞everything，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語，所以此處需用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語從句。故填that。
〖2020年高考真題題組〗
1.（2020全國I卷）Because the mn’s bdy blcks direct radi cmmunicatin with a prbe, China first had t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt __________ it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth.
答案：where
解析：考查定語從句。句意：中國首先必須把一顆人造衛(wèi)星送入月球軌道上的一個(gè)點(diǎn)，人造衛(wèi)星可以在這個(gè)點(diǎn)向航天器和地球發(fā)射信號。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語從句，先行詞是a spt，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)。故填where。
2.（2020全國III卷）In ancient China lived an artist______ paintings were almst lifelike.
答案：whse
解析：考查定語從句。句意：中國古代有一位畫家，他的畫幾乎栩栩如生。此處為定語從句修飾先行詞artist，且先行詞在從句中作定語，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whse。故填whse。
3.（2020全國II卷）Thank yu fr yur letter, what really made me happy.
答案：what改為which。
解析：考查定語從句。逗號后的從句為非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞yur letter，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，指物，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。故將what改為which。
4.（2020全國III卷）Understanding her gd intentins, I eat all the fd what is prvided by Mm with appreciatin.
答案：what改成that。
解析：這里含有一個(gè)定語從句，先行詞是all the fd，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，指物，可用that或which，先行詞被all所修飾，只能使用that，不能使用which，且what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句，所以what改成that。
分層訓(xùn)練（二）定語從句易混對比十組
Grup 1
1. The rphan came frm Hainan Prvince, ___________ is far away frm here.
2. The rphan came frm Hainan Prvince, ___________ lst his parents when he was a baby.
1. which
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞用法。這是非限制性定語從句，先行詞是Hainan Prvince，指物，作主語，故填which。
2. wh
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞用法。這是非限制性定語從句，先行詞是The rphan，指人，作主語，故填wh。
Grup 2
3. The huse ___________ windw faces suth is fr the dctr.
4. The huse ___________ faces suth is fr the dctr.
3. whse
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞用法。本題是定語從句，先行詞windw在句中作定語。故填whse。
4. that/which
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞用法。本題是定語從句，先行詞windw在句中作主語，指物。故填that/which。
Grup 3
5. ___________ is well-knwn that China is rich in natural resurces.
6. ___________ is well-knwn t us all is that China is rich in natural resurces.
5. It
考查主語從句的用法。It is well-knwn that…是固定句型，It作形式主語。故填I(lǐng)t。
6. What
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞用法。___________ is well-knwn t us all是主語從句，又缺少主語和連接詞，故填What。
Grup 4
7. ___________ wh leaves the rm last ught t turn ff the lights.
8. ___________ wh leave the rm last ught t turn ff the lights.
7. Anyne
考查定語從句用法。Anyne wh…是固定句型，從句謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。故填A(yù)nyne。
8. Thse
考查定語從句用法。Thse wh…是固定句型，從句謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填Thse。
Grup 5
9. We’re just trying t reach a pint ___________ bth sides will sit dwn tgether and talk.
10. Remember that there is still ne pint ___________ we must make clear tmrrw.
9. where
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞用法。定語從句有主語，不缺少賓語，因此先行詞a pint作抽象的地點(diǎn)狀語。故填where。
10. that/which
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞用法。先行詞ne pint 在從句充當(dāng)賓語，make…clear…把……弄清楚。故填that/which。
Grup 6
11. He wrte a letter __________ explained what had happened in the accident.
12. He wrte a letter __________ he explained what had happened in the accident.
11. that/which
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞用法。定語從句缺少主語，指物，故用that/which。
12. where
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞用法。定語從句有主語和賓語，因此這里表示“在這封信中”，表示地點(diǎn)概念，故填where。
Grup 7
13.I dn’t like the way ___________ yu speak t her.
14.I dn’t like the way___________ isn’t scientific.
13. that
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞用法。先行詞the way在定語從句___________ yu speak t her充當(dāng)方式狀語，可以填that或in which或省略that。
14. that/which
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞用法。先行詞the way在定語從句___________ isn’t scientific中作主語，指物，故填that/which。
Grup 8
15. Chaplin acted in 82 films, many f ___________he wrte and directed himself.
16. Chaplin acted in 82 films; many f ___________he wrte and directed himself.
15. which
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞用法。逗號是關(guān)鍵，理解為定語從句“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，先行詞指物，作賓語，故填which。
16. them
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞用法。分號相當(dāng)于and，因此前后應(yīng)理解為并列句，故填them。
Grup 9
17. The teacher didn’t knw the reasn ___________she was absent yesterday?
18. The teacher culdn’t accept the reasn ___________ she explained yesterday?
17. why
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞用法。先行詞the reasn在定語從句充當(dāng)原因狀語，故填why。
18. that/which
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞用法。先行詞the reasn在定語從句充當(dāng)賓語，explained是及物動詞，缺少賓語。故填why。
Grup 10
19. Ls Angeles is such an attractive place ___________everyne likes t visit.
20. Ls Angeles is such an attractive place ___________everyne likes t visit it.
19. as
考查定語從句關(guān)系詞用法。語境分析得知這是such…as…引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句，as充當(dāng)從句的主語或賓語。故應(yīng)用as。
20. that
考查狀語從句關(guān)系詞用法。語境分析得知這是such…that…引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句，從句不缺少成分，that只起連接作用。故應(yīng)用that。
分層訓(xùn)練（三）定語從句助力應(yīng)用文寫作升格
書面表達(dá)句式升級：請準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用定語從句翻譯下列各句。
1. (2023新高考I卷) 學(xué)生們?nèi)绻c一個(gè)相處不夠融洽的人分組在一起可能會感到不那么有激情。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2. (2023全國甲卷) 孔子強(qiáng)調(diào)尊重老人這在我們飛速發(fā)展的世界中起著指明燈作用。___________________________________________________________________________________________
3. (2022全國甲卷) 設(shè)立“世界海洋日”是為了提高保護(hù)海洋意識，在全球生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中發(fā)揮至關(guān)重要作用。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
4. (2022新高考I卷) 這是一個(gè)很不錯(cuò)欄目，你可以在這里和學(xué)生分享自己的想法。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
5. (2022全國甲卷) 面臨互聯(lián)網(wǎng)各種各樣信息，我們不能分辨真假，這對于我們的學(xué)習(xí)和生活非常有害。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
6. (2021全國乙卷) 首先，我們最好在家遵循學(xué)校時(shí)間表，這肯定會有助于我們學(xué)習(xí)效率。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
7. (2021新高考I卷) 該報(bào)紙推崇很多欄目，其中中國文化是我最喜歡的。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
8. (2021浙江卷) 多數(shù)學(xué)生看好這次展覽，這提供一個(gè)平臺讓他們了解中國之美，體驗(yàn)中國藝術(shù)的魅力。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
9. (2020全國I卷) 就我來說，我爸爸是我最崇拜的人。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
10. (2020全國II卷) 我們先采摘那些色彩鮮艷的桃子，然后摘那些成熟柔軟的桃子。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1. Students may feel less mtivated if paired with smene wh they dn’t get alng with.
2. Cnfucius stressed respect fr elders, which serves as a guiding light in ur fast-paced wrld.
3. Wrld Oceans Day was set up t raise awareness f prtecting the ceans, which play a crucial part in glbal ecsystem.
4. This is an amazing prgram where yu can share yur ideas with students.
5. Faced with all kinds f infrmatin n the internet, we can't tell the difference between the true and the false, which may be harmful t ur study and life.
6. First f all, we'd better bey ur schl timetable at hme, which will surely cntribute t ur learning prductivity.
7. The newspaper basts a variety f clumns, f which Chinese culture is my favrite.
8. Mst f the students think highly f this exhibitin，which prvides a platfrm fr them t explre the beauty f China and experience the charm f Chinese art.
9. As fr me, my father is the persn I respect mst.
10. We first picked the peaches that were mst beautiful in clr, then thse that were ripe and sft.
分層訓(xùn)練（四）定語從句助力讀后續(xù)寫升格
1.(2024浙江1月卷)教練的話讓她瞪大了眼睛，她簡直不敢相信自己居然完成了一英里的跑步，這是她從未想過自己能做到的。
Wide-eyed with the cach’s wrds, she culdn’t believe that she had actually cmpleted the mile run, smething she never thught she culd d.
2. (2024浙江1月卷)她每走一步，都給那些追隨她的人留下了靈感的遺產(chǎn)，她知道即使沒有明確的方向感，也總有辦法找到自己的路。
With each step she tk, she left behind a legacy f inspiratin fr thse wh fllwed in her ftsteps, knwing that even withut a clear sense f directin, there's always a way t find ne's way.
3. (2023新高考I卷)我一手拿著獎杯，一手拿著獎狀，眼睛投向老師，老師豎起大拇指，眼里閃爍著喜悅和驕傲。
With prize cup in ne hand and award certificate in the ther hand, I threw my eyes at my teacher, wh gave me a thumbs up, with his eyes twinkling with pleasure and pride.
4. (2023新高考I卷)那匹曾經(jīng)心存疑慮，一度想過退出的疲憊的馬，繼續(xù)前行，駛向終點(diǎn)。
The tired hrse wh nce had dubts and nce thught abut quitting, kept ging and made it t the destinatin.
5. (2023新高考I卷)我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記這段經(jīng)歷，它將永遠(yuǎn)是我一生中最珍貴的回憶之一。
I will never frget this experience, which will always be ne f the mst precius memries f my life.
6. (2023新高考I卷)我感謝我的老師，他的鼓勵(lì)和支持讓我發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己的潛能。
I am grateful t my teacher, whse encuragement and supprt helped me discver my ptential.
7. (2023浙江1月卷)我忍不住趕回了那座廢棄的房子，它不小心飛了進(jìn)來，被困在那里，無助而絕望。
I culdn’t help hurrying back t the deserted huse where it accidentally flew in and was trapped , helpless and desperate.
8. (2023浙江1月卷)這是一個(gè)真正溫暖人心的時(shí)刻，永遠(yuǎn)不會消失。
48.It was a truly heartwarming mment and ne that wuld never vanish.
9. (2022新高考I卷)大衛(wèi)又恢復(fù)了他一貫的笑容，這給我留下了深刻的印象。心若有志，沒有什么是不可能的。。
David’s usual tthy smile came back again, which left a deep impressin n me. Nthing is impssible t a willing heart.
10. (2021新高考I卷)媽媽咬了一口三明治，大聲說這是她吃過的最好的三明治。
Mther bit int a sandwich and exclaimed it was the best sandwich she had ever tasted.
分類訓(xùn)練（五）外刊原創(chuàng)最新語法填空
神十七神十八兩個(gè)乘組會師中國空間站
Shenzhu XVIII manned spaceship successfully 1 (dck) with the space statin at 3:32 am n April 26 2024, accrding t the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA). The whle prcess tk 2 (apprximate) 6.5 hurs.
The spaceship, atp a Lng March-2F carrier rcket, blasted ff at 8:59 p.m. frm the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in nrthwest China. Abut 10 3 (minute) after the launch, the Shenzhu-18 spaceship separated frm the rcket 4 entered its designated rbit. The crew members are 5 gd shape and the launch is 6 "cmplete success," the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) annunced.
While in rbit, the Shenzhu-18 spaceship is scheduled 7 (make) a fast, autmated rendezvus and dcking with the space statin cmbinatin. The Shenzhu-18 crew will rtate with the Shenzhu-17 crew in rbit.
The Shenzhu-18 crew members are Ye Guangfu, Li Cng and Li Guangsu, with Ye as the missin 8 (cmmand). The Shenzhu-18 missin marks Ye's secnd jurney int space, 9 (fllw) his previus rle as a crew member during the Shenzhu-13 missin frm Octber 2021 t April 2022. Li Cng and Li Guangsu, 10 belng t the third grup f Chinese astrnauts, are bth embarking n their first-ever space adventure.
【參考答案】
1. dcked 2. apprximately 3. minutes 4. and 5. in 6. a 7. t make 8. cmmander 9. fllwing 10. wh
【文章導(dǎo)讀】
據(jù)中國載人航天工程辦公室消息，神舟十八號載人飛船入軌后，于北京時(shí)間2024年4月26日3時(shí)32分，成功對接于空間站天和核心艙徑向端口。整個(gè)自主交會對接過程歷時(shí)約6.5小時(shí)。北京時(shí)間2024年4月26日05時(shí)04分，在軌執(zhí)行任務(wù)的神舟十七號航天員乘組順利打開“家門”，歡迎遠(yuǎn)道而來的神舟十八號航天員乘組入駐“天宮”。
據(jù)了解，在空間站工作生活期間，神舟十八號航天員乘組將進(jìn)行多次出艙活動，開展微重力基礎(chǔ)物理、空間材料科學(xué)、空間生命科學(xué)、航天醫(yī)學(xué)、航天技術(shù)等領(lǐng)域?qū)崳ㄔ嚕?yàn)與應(yīng)用，完成空間站碎片防護(hù)加固裝置安裝，艙外載荷和艙外平臺設(shè)備安裝與回收等各項(xiàng)任務(wù)。定語從句五年高考真題考點(diǎn)細(xì)目表
年份
卷別
語法填空
短文改錯(cuò)
2024
新課標(biāo)II卷
that/which

全國甲卷
which
浙江1月卷
that/which
2023
全國甲卷
as, where
what-which
全國乙卷
that/which
that-whse
2022
新高考I卷
that

全國甲卷
wh

全國乙卷

what-which
2021
新高考II卷
that/which

2020
全國I卷
where

全國II卷

what-which
全國III卷
whse
what-that
只用關(guān)系代詞that場合
典型示例
先行詞既為人又為物時(shí)
The hrse and its rider that yu tld me are admired by us all.
先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)
This is the first film that I have seen since I mved here.
先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾
The TV twer is the highest building that has been built in this city.
先行詞是nthing, anything, all, much, little等不定代詞
All that glitters is nt gld.
Is there anything that I can d fr yu?
先行詞被nly, very, little, all等限定詞修飾時(shí)
This is the very pen that I am lking fr.
This is the very bk that I was lking fr.
當(dāng)主句是以wh 或 which 開頭的疑問句時(shí)
Which bk is the ne that yu recmmended?
Wh is the persn that yu saw yesterday?
典型場合
典型示例
引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是整個(gè)主句或主句一部分，標(biāo)志為逗號。
This is the English dictinary, which cst me $10 yesterday.
Jim passed the driving test, which surprised everybdy in the ffice.
用于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，如in which, bth f which等，標(biāo)志為介詞。
Is this the rm in which Mr. White lives?
We have entered int an age at which dreams have the best chance f cming true.
1. whse用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作定語，先行詞指人或物；
2. 有時(shí)用于“介詞+whse+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)；
3. whse+名詞=the +名詞+f whm/which=f whm/which+ the +名詞。
1. wh用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作主語，先行詞指人，可以與that替換。注意Anyne wh…以及Thse wh…句型。
2. whm用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作賓語，先行詞指人，可以與that替換。注意whm作賓語，可以省略。
3.whm可以用于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，wh不能。
1.where用作關(guān)系副詞，在定語從句作地點(diǎn)狀語。注意定語從句可能是主謂結(jié)構(gòu)或主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)。
2.先行詞既可以是具體地點(diǎn)名詞，如schl, museum, centre。
3.還可以是抽象名詞，如pint, case, situatin, stage, race, psitin, jb等（熱點(diǎn)，須牢記）。
1.when用作關(guān)系副詞，在定語從句作時(shí)間狀。
2.先行詞是具體時(shí)間名詞，如day, mnth, year。
3.還可以是抽象名詞，如age, stay, ccasin等。
1.why用作關(guān)系副詞，在定語從句作原因狀。
2.why還可以用于The reasn why…is that…句型。注意如果定語從句謂語動詞是及物動詞，則應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞。
1. as用作關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從。
2. 位于主句的前、中、后，強(qiáng)調(diào)前后邏輯一致，表示“正如……。
3. 從句多含有see, knw, expect, tell, reprt等動詞；
4. which和as用法區(qū)別：
①位置上：which從句只能位于主句之后，as從句位于主句的前、中、后；
②邏輯上：which強(qiáng)調(diào)前后不一；as強(qiáng)調(diào)前后邏輯一致，“正如”；
③句式上：which多用于“which+動詞+賓語”句型；as多用于as we all knw/see, as is ften the case with sb等句型。
1.先行詞指人關(guān)系代詞用whm，指物關(guān)系代詞用which；
2.介詞選擇的原則：一看先行詞特殊搭配，如t a degree；二看從句謂語動詞搭配，如learn frm；三看整個(gè)語境邏輯。特殊結(jié)構(gòu)如in which case, with whse help等。
3.在特定情況下出現(xiàn)“介詞+whse+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，whse作定語
1.先行詞與定語從句被謂語動詞或介詞短語分隔開構(gòu)成“分割型”定語從句;
2.定語從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型相結(jié)合構(gòu)成“It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+定語從句+that…”句式。
3.定語從句與同位語從句區(qū)別：前者起限制作用，后者起解釋說明作用，且連接詞不能省略。