1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(1)表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)、特征、能力、客觀存在或真理。
這樣考過(guò)①(天津)My parents ________ in Hng Kng.They were brn there and have never lived anywhere else.A.live      B.livedC.were living D.will live解析:句意:我的父母住在香港。他們?cè)谀抢锍錾覐奈丛趧e的地方生活過(guò)。根據(jù)句意可推斷出:我的父母現(xiàn)在仍住在香港,因此選A。答案:A
②(衡陽(yáng)八中)Yu have t be very careful with the dry wd.It ________ very easily.A.is lighted B.is lightingC.will be lighting D.lights答案:D
③(重慶)Prfessr Williams keeps telling his students that the future ________ t the well-educated.A.belngs B.is belngedC.is belnging D.will be belnged解析:句意:Williams 教授不斷告訴他的學(xué)生們未來(lái)屬于受過(guò)良好教育的人。belng t沒(méi)有被動(dòng)形式,故B和D兩項(xiàng)被排除;belng t 不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),C項(xiàng)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)不對(duì),故A項(xiàng)正確。答案:A
④(福建)Accrding t the literary review,Shakespeare ________ his characters live thrugh their language in his plays.A.will make B.had madeC.was making D.makes解析:句意:這篇文學(xué)評(píng)論說(shuō),莎士比亞劇中的人物通過(guò)語(yǔ)言鮮活起來(lái)。本句考查時(shí)態(tài),當(dāng)介紹一種理論時(shí),常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。答案:D
(2)可表示按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃及安排要發(fā)生的情況。常見(jiàn)的詞有:g,cme,leave,start,begin,arrive,reach等,如:The train leaves at 815.火車(chē)在815開(kāi)。(強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)刻安排)
這樣考過(guò)⑤(浙江瑞安中學(xué))Lk at the timetable.Hurry up!Flight 4026 ________ at 18∶20.A.takes n B.will take ffC.takes ff D.has taken n答案:C
(3)在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,代替將來(lái)意義的行為或狀態(tài)。
這樣考過(guò)⑥(遼寧)My parents have prmised t cme t see me befre I ________ fr Africa.A.have left B.leaveC.left D.will leave解析:句意:我父母已經(jīng)答應(yīng)在我去非洲之前來(lái)看我。不定式t cme t see me 表示的是將來(lái)動(dòng)作,befre引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。答案:B
⑦(北京朝陽(yáng)區(qū))Dn't mentin this matter t him while yu ________ with him this afternn.A.will talk B.talkC.have talked D.will be talking解析:while 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。當(dāng)你下午跟他談話時(shí)別提這件事。答案:B
⑧(2007·濟(jì)南)Remember t send me a pht f us next time yu________t me.A.write B.will writeC.have written D.a(chǎn)re writing 解析:next time作連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句往往用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。答案:A
2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。這樣考過(guò)⑨(東臺(tái)期末)If a cmputer crashes,yu will lse the file yu ________ n unless yu save it regularly.A.a(chǎn)re wrking B.wrkC.will wrk D.wrked
解析:據(jù)句意:如果你平時(shí)不存?zhèn)浞?,一旦?jì)算機(jī)癱瘓,那么你正在使用的文件就會(huì)丟失。選A,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。答案:A
(2)表示最近按計(jì)劃或安排進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作用進(jìn)行時(shí),常見(jiàn)的詞有:cme,leave,reach,return,g,start,arrive,die等。He is leaving fr Spain.他就要?jiǎng)由砣ノ靼嘌懒恕?br/> 這樣考過(guò)⑩(陜西)Dr.Smith,tgether with his wife and daughters,________visit Beijing this summer.A.is ging t B.a(chǎn)re ging tC.was ging t D.were ging t
解析:句意:Dr.Smith將在今年夏天和妻子女兒們一起游覽北京。本題考查主謂一致。由this summer 可知本句應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí),故排除C、D;tgether with 連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)取決于其前面的主語(yǔ),故選A。答案:A
?(2008·昆明一中)—Hw lng ________ in Hng Kng?—Fr just the weekend.I'll be back next Mnday mrning.A.have yu stayed B.a(chǎn)re yu stayingC.did yu stay D.d yu stay解析:Hw lng are yu staying?是用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)的動(dòng)作。答案:B
?(2010·青島月考)I have gt tw tickets fr the cming ftball match, and I ________ my sn t g t watch it. A.take B.tkC.have taken D.a(chǎn)m taking 答案:D
(3)使描述更形象,具有一定感情色彩。He is always asking me the same questin.That's bring!他總是問(wèn)我同樣的問(wèn)題,真煩人。這樣考過(guò)?(2008·重慶)Teenagers ________ their health because they play cmputer games t much.A.have damaged B.a(chǎn)re damagingC.damaged D.will damage
解析:句意:青少年們正在損害自己的健康,因?yàn)樗麄兺娴碾娔X游戲太多了。根據(jù)句意,青少年損害健康這一現(xiàn)象尚未完成,符合“進(jìn)行時(shí)具有未完性”的特點(diǎn)。答案:B
?(江西上高一中)The naughty by!He ________ where he leaves his things.A.a(chǎn)lways frgets B.will always frgetC.is always frgetting D.has always frgtten答案:C
?(2008·山東煙臺(tái))I dn't understand why yu ________ yur mind cnstantly!We haven't been able t decide where t spend ur hliday,yu knw?A.change B.will changeC.a(chǎn)re changing D.have changed
解析:當(dāng)always,cnstantly與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)連用時(shí),表示不耐煩、抱怨等感情色彩。句意:我不明白你為什么老是改變主意!我們還不能決定去哪兒度假,你知道嗎?答案:C
(4)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的暫時(shí)性?!狣 yu wrk here?你在這里工作嗎?—N,I'm just helping ut until the new secretary cmes.不,我只是幫忙,直到新秘書(shū)來(lái)。
這樣考過(guò)?(2008·天津十二區(qū)一聯(lián))—Are yu still very busy?—Yes,I ________ the reprt fr the manager and it wn't take lng.A.have just finished B.a(chǎn)m just finishingC.had just finished D.a(chǎn)m just ging t finish
解析:句意:——你現(xiàn)在仍然非常忙嗎?——是的。我很快就會(huì)完成給經(jīng)理的報(bào)告,一會(huì)兒就好。be just finishing sth.表示“be finishing sth.at the mment”,沒(méi)有be just ging t這種說(shuō)法。答案:B
(5)be間或用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),表示一時(shí)的表現(xiàn)。He is just being plite.他只是要表現(xiàn)自己有禮貌。(有譏諷之意)(6)以下動(dòng)詞通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài):lve,like,hate,hpe,wish,want,prefer,knw,understand,remember,agree,believe,recgnize,guess,suppse,mean,hear,see,seem,find,mind,have(有)等。
這樣考過(guò)?(北京西城區(qū))He has been receiving phne calls frm jurnalists since he became famus.They ________ t knw what will becme f his life in the future.A.have wanted B.a(chǎn)re wantingC.want D.wanted
解析:根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“自從他成名之后,他一直不斷地接到記者打來(lái)的電話”。記者們(打電話)是想知道他將來(lái)的生活會(huì)怎樣。want用一般現(xiàn)在式,如果是表達(dá)記者一直打電話,可以用進(jìn)行式。答案:C
?(2008·上海)—D yu knw if Terry will g camping this weekend?—Terry?Never!She ________ tents and fresh air!A.has hated B.hatedC.will hate D.hates解析:句意:——你知道Terry本周末是否去野營(yíng)嗎?——Terry要去野營(yíng)?不會(huì)的!她不喜歡帳篷和新鮮的空氣。根據(jù)句意可知,說(shuō)話者在陳述Terry現(xiàn)在的嗜好,應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。答案:D
3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)(1)表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或?qū)?lái)存在的狀態(tài)。這樣考過(guò)?(泰安模擬)—The meeting is scheduled t begin at 7 'clck.—But there ________ a delay. A.had been B.has been C.will be D.was 解析:根據(jù)上句“會(huì)議預(yù)定在七點(diǎn)開(kāi)始”。由現(xiàn)在推測(cè)會(huì)議出現(xiàn)“推遲”,所以選C,表將來(lái)。其它選項(xiàng)不合語(yǔ)境。
?(唐山模擬)Share sme f yurs with thse in great need and yu ________ a difference.A.will make B.makeC.made D.have made解析:本句是“祈使句+and+簡(jiǎn)單句”句型,根據(jù)所給語(yǔ)境可知簡(jiǎn)單句中的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生,因此用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。答案:A
(2)在條件或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中,使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表達(dá)一般將來(lái)時(shí)。Tell me when he will cme.告訴我他何時(shí)來(lái)。(賓語(yǔ)從句)Tell me when he cmes.=When he cmes,tell me.他來(lái)時(shí),通知我。(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)If he will cme,I can help him.如果他愿意來(lái),我可以幫助他。(will為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,表意愿,不表將來(lái)。)(3)be t d也可表將來(lái)。
這樣考過(guò)(江西吉安一中)N ne ________ the building withut the permissin f the plice.A.t leave B.is abut t leaveC.leaves D.is t leave答案:D
(4)be abut t d意為“正要去做”,一般不與明確的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。但常與when連用“be abut t ”。
4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)跨在兩個(gè)時(shí)間之上,一是過(guò)去,一是現(xiàn)在。由“have/has+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。其使用有三種情況:(1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作在說(shuō)話之前已完成,而對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響;往往是說(shuō)話人的興趣所在。He has gne t the library.他去圖書(shū)館了。(has gne去而未歸)He has been t the library.他去過(guò)圖書(shū)館。(has been去而復(fù)歸)
這樣考過(guò)(北京豐臺(tái)區(qū))—Gd mrning,I wnder if yu can help.I ________ my cat.—Oh,where did yu lse it,madam?A.have lst B.lstC.had lst D.lse 解析:由句中求助知“丟了”外衣,強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果,故選A。答案:A
(邢臺(tái)模擬)—We ________ t put ff ur schl sprts meet until next mnth.—I ________ that.A.decided; didn't expect B.haven't decided; haven't expectedC.have decided; didn't expect D.decide; haven't expected
解析:由句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)until next mnth知第一空為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)“已決定了”,即結(jié)果;第二空是指在此之前沒(méi)想到,用過(guò)去時(shí)。綜上,選C。答案:C
(北京市海淀區(qū))Yu really need t g ut and get sme fresh air and sunshine.Yu ________ verwrked during the last tw weeks.A.have been B.wereC.had been D.wuld be 解析:你真的需要到外面透透氣了,最近兩周你一直勞累過(guò)度。從語(yǔ)境中可知,近兩周的勞累對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響(需要休息),故用現(xiàn)在完成式。答案:A
(2)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去。常用fr和since這種表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ),或s far、nw、tday、this week(mnth,year)等表示包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的狀語(yǔ),以及和just、recently、befre,never,always、ften、already,yet等籠統(tǒng)地表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。
這樣考過(guò)(全國(guó)Ⅱ)Prgress ________ s far very gd and we are sure that the wrk will be finished n time.A.was B.had beenC.has been D.will be解析:句意:到目前為止,一切進(jìn)展良好,我們確信工作能夠按時(shí)完成。s far(=by nw)提示我們要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。答案:C
(江西)—What is the price f petrl these days?—Oh,it ________ sharply since last mnth.A.is raised B.has risenC.has arisen D.is increased
解析:句意:——近些天石油的價(jià)格如何?——哦,自上個(gè)月以來(lái)油價(jià)猛漲。由句中的since可知,主句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故排除A、D兩項(xiàng);表示物價(jià)的上升或河水等的上漲用rise,而arise表“起床,起身”時(shí)通常用于文學(xué)中,eg.He arse at dawn.他黎明即起。答案:B
(江蘇)The ppulatin f Jiangsu ________ t mre than twice what it was in 1949.The figure is nw appraching 74 millin.A.has grwn B.have grwnC.grew D.a(chǎn)re grwing
解析:句意:江蘇人口與1949年相比增長(zhǎng)了兩倍多。現(xiàn)在的人數(shù)接近74,000,000。根據(jù)句意,本句指自從1949年以來(lái)人口已經(jīng)增長(zhǎng)了兩倍多,應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。而且,要注意主語(yǔ)是ppulatin(屬集體名詞),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。答案:A
(山東)The number f freign students attending Chinese universities ________ rising steadily since 1997.A.is B.a(chǎn)reC.has been D.have been 解析:句意:在中國(guó)上大學(xué)的外國(guó)留學(xué)生的數(shù)量自1997年以來(lái)穩(wěn)步上升。由since 1997可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),The number f...……的數(shù)量,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù),故答案選C。答案:C
注意:表示短暫時(shí)間動(dòng)作的詞,如cme、g、die、marry、buy等的完成時(shí)不能與fr、since等表示一段時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)連用。例如:They have cme here fr three hurs.是錯(cuò)誤的,應(yīng)改為:They have been here fr three hurs.
(3)用在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,表示將來(lái)某時(shí)完成的動(dòng)作。I'll wait until he has written his letter.If I have finished my hmewrk,I'll g with yu.
這樣考過(guò)(北京朝陽(yáng)區(qū))—Dn't tell him abut his mther's illness until the cmpetitin________.—N,I wn't.A.has finished B.was finishedC.will finish D.will be finished
解析:此題考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。until 直到,比賽結(jié)束之前不要告訴他有關(guān)母親有病的事。until從句后的動(dòng)作用完成式強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。cmpetitin做主語(yǔ)結(jié)束動(dòng)作,用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案:A
(北京東城區(qū))—Will yu cme t my ffice when yu ________ yur wrk?—Sure.A.finished B.a(chǎn)re finishingC.have finished D.will finish解析:句意為:既然你已完成你的工作,能到我辦公室來(lái)一趟嗎?when有“既然”之意。答案:C
(2008·山東)By the time he realizes he ________ int a trap,it'll be t late fr him t d anything abut it.A.walks B.walkedC.has walked D.had walked解析:根據(jù)動(dòng)詞realize的時(shí)態(tài)可知,賓語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。答案:C
5.一般過(guò)去時(shí)(1)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),與表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用或用在時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。
這樣考過(guò)(北京)When I talked with my grandma n the phne,she sunded weak,but by the time we ________ up,her vice had been full f life.A.were hanging B.had hungC.hung D.wuld hang
解析:句意:當(dāng)我與奶奶在電話中交談時(shí),她的聲音聽(tīng)起來(lái)很虛弱,但到我們掛斷電話時(shí),她的聲音已經(jīng)充滿(mǎn)了活力。此題為時(shí)態(tài)考查題。根據(jù)題干提示,her vice had been full f life 為過(guò)去的過(guò)去,因此我們掛斷電話為過(guò)去,故選C。答案:C
(四川)—Yu speak very gd French!—Thanks.I ________ French in Sichuan University fr fur years.A.studied B.studyC.was studying D.had studied解析:句意:——你法語(yǔ)說(shuō)得非常棒!——謝謝。我在四川大學(xué)學(xué)了四年法語(yǔ)。這是表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間所做的一個(gè)動(dòng)作,要使用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。答案:A
(2)沒(méi)有明確表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),需要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境去判斷時(shí)間。這樣考過(guò)(全國(guó)Ⅰ)Edward,yu play s well.But I ________ yu played the pian.A.didn't knw B.hadn't knwnC.dn't knw D.haven't knwn
解析:句意:愛(ài)德華,你彈得這么好。但是我不知道你會(huì)彈鋼琴。根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)該是指我過(guò)去不知道你會(huì)彈鋼琴,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。答案:A
(重慶)—I've gt t g nw.—Must yu?I ________ yu culd stay fr dinner with us.A.think B.thughtC.have thught D.a(chǎn)m thinking 解析:句意:——我現(xiàn)在得走了?!惴堑靡邌??我原以為你能留下和我們一起吃飯的。句中主語(yǔ)“I”的動(dòng)作“認(rèn)為”發(fā)生在過(guò)去,所以只有B項(xiàng)正確。答案:B
(北京)Scientists have many theries abut hw the universe ________ int being.A.came B.was cmingC.had cme D.wuld cme 解析:句意:關(guān)于宇宙是如何產(chǎn)生的,科學(xué)家們有很多理論。根據(jù)句意可知宇宙產(chǎn)生絕非將來(lái)要發(fā)生的事,所以先排除B、D兩項(xiàng),C項(xiàng)had cme 為過(guò)去的過(guò)去,因題中無(wú)過(guò)去時(shí)間作參照,故排除。宇宙產(chǎn)生發(fā)生在過(guò)去,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。答案:A
(浙江)—What d yu think f the mvie?—It's fantastic.The nly pity is that I ________ the beginning f it.A.missed B.had missedC.miss D.wuld miss解析:句意:——你覺(jué)得這部電影怎么樣?——太棒了。唯一可惜的是,我錯(cuò)過(guò)了開(kāi)頭部分。錯(cuò)過(guò)開(kāi)頭部分對(duì)于現(xiàn)在而言是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情,故選A。答案:A
6.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)瞬間動(dòng)詞cme,g,leave,reach,return,start,arrive,die等的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),可以表示過(guò)去某時(shí)刻看來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
這樣考過(guò)(濟(jì)南)When I gt t the stadium,ur team________the game with a safe advantage and nly a few minutes t g.A.was winning B.had wnC.have wn D.wn解析:由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“When I gt t the stadium”可知,主句的謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)該用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表將來(lái)發(fā)生的事情。答案:A
(平頂山質(zhì)檢)—My uncle will be here t attend a meeting tmrrw.—Oh,I thught that he ________ tday.A.was cming B.is cmingC.will cme D.culd cme 解析:此題考查用進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái),又從thught可知為過(guò)去時(shí),所以選A。答案:A
(英才大聯(lián)考)What a shame!When we gt t the cinema,the mvie Mei Lanfang ________ ,s we saw nly the end f it. A.had just finished B.was finishing C.wuld finish D.just finished解析:題意為:多遺憾!我們到電影院時(shí)電影《梅蘭芳》就要演完了。所以我們只看了個(gè)結(jié)尾。本句中的the mvie Mei Lanfang was finishing,是用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。答案:B
(2)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的使用總離不開(kāi)特定的語(yǔ)境。—Hey,lk where yu're ging!嘿,你往哪兒走?—Oh,I'm terribly srry.I wasn't nticing.實(shí)在對(duì)不起,我沒(méi)注意。
這樣考過(guò)(昆明質(zhì)檢)—Remember the first time we met n the campus,Sharn?—Of curse,I d.Yu ________ a lecture t the freshmen.A.wuld give B.were giving C.gave D.a(chǎn)re giving解析:據(jù)句意知說(shuō)的是第一次見(jiàn)面時(shí)的情形,為過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),故選B。答案:B
(日照調(diào)研)—Mm,yu shuld have taken me t the park this mrning.—I had planned t,but I culdn't affrd the time.I ________ a lecture.A.had given B.gaveC.was giving D.wuld give解析:據(jù)句意:……,當(dāng)時(shí)我正在上課。用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),選C。答案:C
7.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(1)表示過(guò)去的“愿望”或“傾向”,多用于否定句中。It was raining hard,but nne f us wuld stp wrking.雨下得很大,但是我們誰(shuí)也不肯停止工作。
(2)表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。Whenever he had time,he wuld help me.一有空,他就來(lái)幫助我。注意:used t d表示過(guò)去常發(fā)生而現(xiàn)在不再發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。wuld d只表示過(guò)去常發(fā)生,而沒(méi)有“現(xiàn)在不再發(fā)生”的含義。
這樣考過(guò)(青島質(zhì)檢)—Is there a hspital here?—N,but there ________.A.wuld B.used tC.used t be D.ught t解析:由句意知應(yīng)為there used t be a hspital here.在此結(jié)構(gòu)中,be不能省略。故選C。答案:C
(東北三校聯(lián)考)When I was a child,I ________ ften play with my little dg near the river,which I missed s much years later.A.shuld B.wuldC.culd D.might解析:wuld表示“過(guò)去常常(做某事)”。語(yǔ)意是:我小時(shí)候常常和我的小狗一起到河邊玩耍,多年后我仍非常懷念(這種情景)。答案:B
(3)用was/were ging t表示過(guò)去的“預(yù)見(jiàn)”和意圖,用was/were t +動(dòng)詞原形指過(guò)去的計(jì)劃安排或注定要發(fā)生的事。
這樣考過(guò)(湖南)When he ________ the dr,he fund his keys were nwhere.A.wuld pen B.penedC.had pened D.was t pen解析:句意:當(dāng)他要開(kāi)門(mén)的時(shí)候,發(fā)現(xiàn)鑰匙不見(jiàn)了。was t d 在此表示wanted t d或intended t d。wuld d 在這里有情感意味,所以被排除。答案:D
(2007·全國(guó)Ⅱ)—Tm,yu didn't cme t the party last night?—I________,but I suddenly remembered I had hmewrk t d.A.had t B.didn'tC.was ging t D.wuldn't解析:根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,應(yīng)答句意思是“我正準(zhǔn)備去,忽然記起來(lái)還有作業(yè)要做”,所以本題的答案是C。答案:C
(2007·北京)—It was really very kind f yu t give me a lift hme.—Oh,dn't mentin it.I________past yur huse anyway.A.was cming B.will cmeC.had cme D.have cme解析:cme用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去的將來(lái),即“我當(dāng)時(shí)將要路過(guò)你家”。答案:A
8.過(guò)去完成時(shí)(1)過(guò)去完成時(shí)由“had+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作之前完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。因此,使用它就必須有一個(gè)過(guò)去某一時(shí)間。或前或后有一個(gè)表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的句子。有時(shí)句中常用by、befre、until、when等詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。By the end f last year,we had built five new huses.I had learnt 5,000 wrds befre I entered the university.
這樣考過(guò)(北京)Jhn was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather ________ with them t schl.A.tk B.had takenC.were taking D.wuld take解析:句意:約翰得到他父親和祖父上學(xué)時(shí)攜帶的那個(gè)行李箱。根據(jù)題干中Jhn was given為過(guò)去的時(shí)間參照點(diǎn),父親和祖父上學(xué)為在此之前的事,即過(guò)去的過(guò)去,故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。答案:B
(上海)Mary went t the bx ffice at lunch time,but all the tickets ________ ut.A.wuld sell B.had been sldC.have sld D.was selling解析:句意:瑪麗在午餐時(shí)間去了售票處,但是所有的票都已經(jīng)賣(mài)完了。根據(jù)題干信息Mary went t...為過(guò)去時(shí)間,而票售完在此時(shí)間參照點(diǎn)之前,即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。答案:B
(重慶)She stared at the painting,wndering where she ________it.A.saw B.has seenC.sees D.had seen解析:句意:她盯著那幅畫(huà)看,想著自己曾經(jīng)在哪里見(jiàn)過(guò)它。本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài),“看見(jiàn)”這個(gè)動(dòng)作根據(jù)上下文應(yīng)該發(fā)生在stared 之前,是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,需用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。答案:D
(海淀)When Madam Curie did the science experiment again,she was mre careful where she ________ a mistake.A.made B.has madeC.was making D.had made答案:D
(2)過(guò)去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)詞還可表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間或持續(xù)下去。后跟從句,有時(shí)從句是重點(diǎn)。I had nt gne much farther befre I caught them up.我沒(méi)走多遠(yuǎn)就趕上了他們。
這樣考過(guò)(2008·東北師大附中)—Is Danny ging abrad?—I think s.He ________ fr a better jb,but he didn't get it.A.hpes B.had hpedC.was hped D.has hped解析:根據(jù)but he didn't get it,可知選用表“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”的過(guò)去完成時(shí)。答案:B
9.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)構(gòu)成:have/has been+ding(2)表示從現(xiàn)在往前的一般時(shí)間里一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。I've been sitting here all afternn.整個(gè)下午我都坐在這兒。
這樣考過(guò)(浙江杭州)—It is certain that Alice will win the cmpetitin.—I agree.She ________ fr it fr nearly tw mnths.A.was preparing B.had been preparingC.is preparing D.has been preparing答案:D
(浙江)Over the past decades,sea ice ________ in the Arctic as a result f glbal warming.A.had decreased B.decreasedC.has been decreasing D.is decreasing解析:句意:在過(guò)去幾十年里,由于全球變暖,北極的海冰一直在減少。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Over the past decades 可知,主句只能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故選C。答案:C
(3)表示現(xiàn)在以前的這段時(shí)間反復(fù)發(fā)生的事情。We've been writing t each ther a lt recently.最近,我們相互寫(xiě)了很多信。
這樣考過(guò)(遼寧)Excuse me,Marcia,a reprter frm Vanity Fair ________ all day.Culd yu speak t her nw?A.phnes B.has phnedC.has been phning D.phned
解析:句意:打擾了,Marcia,一名Vanity Fair的記者打了一整天電話。你現(xiàn)在可以接她的電話嗎?根據(jù)句意和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)all day 可知,此句需用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說(shuō)話人的一種情感,如:不滿(mǎn),抱怨,責(zé)備等。注意,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示到目前為止動(dòng)作可能已經(jīng)結(jié)束,側(cè)重對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果。答案:C
(4)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示到現(xiàn)在為止動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束;現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,且仍在繼續(xù),強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作一直沒(méi)有停止過(guò)。I've written a letter.我已寫(xiě)了一封信。(已寫(xiě)完)I've been writing a letter.我一直在寫(xiě)一封信。(還在寫(xiě))
這樣考過(guò)(福建質(zhì)檢)Since the beginning f the vacatin,I ________ acrss the cuntry,and my next stp is the Wuyi Muntains. A.had traveled B.will travelC.have been traveling D.was traveling解析:由句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“Since the beginning f the vacatin”及“my next stp is...”知?jiǎng)幼髯蚤_(kāi)始一直會(huì)延續(xù),用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。答案:C
(北京豐臺(tái)區(qū))—Hw can I prepare fr class,Mr.Jhnsn?—________yu ________ my web page?Yu can dwnlad the ntes and read them ahead f time.A.Have; checked ut B.Did; check utC.Are; checking ut D.Will; check ut 解析:“瀏覽過(guò)我的網(wǎng)頁(yè)嗎?”表達(dá)一種完成時(shí)態(tài)。答案:A
10.將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)一般用于陳述將來(lái)的情況,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性。
這樣考過(guò)(安徽)Daniel's family ________ their hliday in Huangshan this time next week.A.a(chǎn)re enjying B.a(chǎn)re t enjyC.will enjy D.will be enjying解析:句意:丹尼爾一家人下個(gè)星期的這個(gè)時(shí)候肯定正在黃山度假。根據(jù)this time next week 判斷,選用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)will be ding。答案:D
11.特殊場(chǎng)合中時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用
這樣考過(guò)(陜西)This is the first time we ________ a film in the cinema tgether as a family.A.see         B.had seenC.saw D.have seen解析:句意:這是我們?nèi)业谝淮蔚诫娪霸嚎措娪啊!癟his/It is the+序數(shù)詞+time that從句”為固定句型,that 從句需用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。答案:D
(2007·黃岡市)—Hell,Jim,I________t see yu tday.Snia said yu________ill.—Oh,I'm OK.A.didn't expect; were B.dn't expect; wereC.haven't expected; are D.a(chǎn)m nt expecting; are解析:由語(yǔ)境可以知道這里是發(fā)生了始料未及的事情。答案:A
(東城)—Where is the tin-pener?—Oh I ________ it it ________!A.see; is B.saw; wasC.saw; is D.see; was答案:C
1.Mary has a gd jb in a natinal media crpratin,but fr sme time the idea f starting her wn advertising agency ________ in her mind.
A.has been develpingB.develpedC.was develpingD.had been develping 答案與解析:A 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
2.—Yu didn't answer me when I phned yu last night.—Oh,I ________ ff a friend frm England at the airprt.A.saw         B.had seenC.was seeing D.have seen答案與解析:C 考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)對(duì)方所說(shuō)的話可知這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是在對(duì)方給自己打電話時(shí),自己正在機(jī)場(chǎng)給一位來(lái)自英國(guó)的朋友送行,所以用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
3.I ________ t g fr a walk,but smene called and I culdn't get away.A.was planning B.plannedC.had planned D.wuld plan答案與解析:C 考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處plan這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在called之前,故應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。plan,think,hpe,expect,want等詞用于過(guò)去完成時(shí)時(shí),通常表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或安排等,可理解為“本計(jì)劃/打算/希望……”。
4.—Is Paul playing basketball fr his schl?—Well,he ________.But he has given it up and switched t playing vlleyball.A.is B.wasC.has D.had答案與解析:B 考查時(shí)態(tài)。答語(yǔ)的后一句提到他如今已經(jīng)放棄了籃球,轉(zhuǎn)而去打排球了,由此可知他此前是學(xué)校的籃球隊(duì)員,所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
5.—We all had a lt f fun at the barbecue yesterday.Pity yu weren't there.—I really shuld have gne with yu but I ________ n sme remaining prblems.A.wrked B.was wrkingC.wuld wrk D.wuld have wrked答案與解析:B 由句意“我們昨天去參加燒烤,可惜你沒(méi)有去?!敝蛱炷莻€(gè)時(shí)候我正在處理一些遺留問(wèn)題,故用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
6.Althugh many measures________,the wrld's ecnmy is still ging dwn.A.were taken B.have been takenC.will be taken D.a(chǎn)re taken答案與解析:B take measures t d sth.采取措施干……,變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為measures be taken t d sth.。句意:“盡管采取了很多措施,但世界經(jīng)濟(jì)依然在下滑”。故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
7.—Mr Wang gt the first prize in the singing cmpetitin last week.—Oh.That's what he ________ fr years.A.had been expecting B.has expectedC.expected D.has been expecting答案與解析:A 過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某段時(shí)間之前一直在做的事。
8.—We shuld get tgether next week.—Sunds like a plan!I ________ yu a call.A.will give B.wuld give C.have given D.give 答案與解析:A 由next week 及Sunds like a plan!知應(yīng)選一般將來(lái)時(shí),故A項(xiàng)正確。
9.—Hell,Anne,it's Jack here.Can I speak t Rbert,please?—Hi,Jack.Rbert ________ in the garage.Can I get him t call yu back?—Sure.Thanks.A.has wrked B.is wrkingC.wrked D.will wrk答案與解析:B 由句意可知羅伯特此時(shí)正在汽車(chē)修理廠工作。故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
10.—Hurry up!Alice and Sue are waiting fr yu at the schl gate.—Oh!I thught they ________ withut me.A.went B.a(chǎn)re ging C.have gne D.had gne答案與解析:D 由I thught 知用過(guò)去完成時(shí),think與g均是過(guò)去兩個(gè)動(dòng)作,且有時(shí)間上的先后關(guān)系,故選D。
11.I used t drink a lt f tea but these days I ________ cffee.A.prefer B.preferredC.have preferred D.a(chǎn)m preferring答案與解析:A 句意為:過(guò)去我常喝許多茶,但近來(lái)我更喜歡喝咖啡。用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)存的習(xí)慣或狀態(tài)。
12.—Can we meet tmrrw mrning?—Nt in the mrning,I'm afraid.I ________.A.will be wrking B.will wrkC.a(chǎn)m abut t wrk D.a(chǎn)m ging t wrk答案與解析:A 句意:——我們明天早上見(jiàn)面好嗎?——早上恐怕不行,我想那時(shí)我正在上班。根據(jù)tmrrw mrning 和句意知用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)。
13.—I have gt a pain in my back.—N wnder.Yu ________ in frnt f the cmputer t lng.A.have wrked B.a(chǎn)re wrkingC.have been wrking D.wrked答案與解析:C 用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),說(shuō)明你從過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開(kāi)始坐在電腦前到現(xiàn)在仍然在進(jìn)行。
14.Cllecting stamps as a hbby ________ increasingly ppular during the past fifty years.A.becmes B.becameC.has becme D.had becme答案與解析:C during the past fifty years 應(yīng)該與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)連用,故選C。
15.I used t g camping a lt,s it wn't be the first time I ________ in a tent.A.have slept B.had sleptC.was sleeping D.slept答案與解析:A 句意為:我過(guò)去常常去宿營(yíng),因此這不是我第一次在帳篷里睡覺(jué)。the first time引導(dǎo)的從句中常用完成時(shí)態(tài),根據(jù)wn't 可知應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
16.With the effects f glbal warming,trees________ their leaves much later in the year.A.a(chǎn)re lsing B.have lst C.lst D.were lsing答案與解析:A 句意為:由于受全球變暖的影響,一年中樹(shù)木落葉要晚得多。由句意可知?jiǎng)幼髟诎ìF(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間一直進(jìn)行,故句子使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。
17.Hey,Lee.I ________ yu never tk interest in cmputer games.What a surprise!A.dn't think B.didn't thinkC.think D.thught答案與解析:D 句意為:我曾以為你對(duì)電腦游戲不感興趣,太令人驚訝了?此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,對(duì)現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有任何影響。
18.—Excuse me,I wnder if yu can help.I ________ my ID card.—But where did yu lse it?A.have lst B.lstC.had lst D.lse答案與解析:A 用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作過(guò)去發(fā)生,但對(duì)現(xiàn)在依然有影響。
19.—Anther cup f cffee?That's yur third since lunch.—Yeah,well,I ________ all night preparing fr my histry exam.I can hardly keep my eyes pen.A.stayed up B.have stayed upC.have been staying up D.will stay up答案與解析:A 考查時(shí)態(tài)。一般過(guò)去時(shí),表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去,對(duì)現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有任何影響。

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