專題23 短文填空考點1 首字母填空（教師卷+學(xué)生卷）- 2024年中考英語真題分類匯編（全國通用）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使短文意思完整。每空限填一詞。
Lng ag, the early peple did nt live in huses as we d tday. Mst f the hmes were in caves r shelters (遮蔽物) which were built in trees. These ‘hmes’ were nly used as temprary (臨時的) shelters t p 1 them frm the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the frests. Men f that time were called ‘cave peple’.
These ‘cave peple’ usually lived in small grups and life was nt e 2 fr them. They had t mve frm place t place t s 3 fr fd. They wuld hunt, fish r pick wild fruit. When they culdn’t find a 4 t eat, they wuld leave t find anther prper place. Their tls were very simple. They ate raw (生的) fd u 5 they learnt hw t make a fire. Fr clthing, they used nly the bark (樹皮) f trees r the skins (皮) f animals t c 6 their bdies.
Hwever, the lives f the ‘cave peple’ changed. They cllected the seeds (種子) f wild plants that g 7 in the frests. Sn they learnt t plant fruit, vegetables and ther crps. They als kept cws, sheep and ther kinds f farm a 8 fr milk, meat and skins. They became f 9 and lived in nly ne certain area. Their grups became l 10 than befre as they lived mre settled (固定的) lives. They built huses as lng-lasting hmes, and as a result, villages and twns develped quickly. The ‘cave peple’ began t be civilized (文明的).
【答案】
1．(p)rtect 2．(e)asy 3．(s)earch 4．(a)nything 5．(u)ntil 6．(c)ver 7．(g)rew 8．(a)nimals 9．(f)armers 10．(l)arger
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹“穴居人”的生活。
1．句意：這些“家”只是用作臨時庇護所，保護他們免受陽光、雨水和森林里的野生動物的侵害。根據(jù)“These ‘hmes’ were nly used as temprary (臨時的) shelters t p... them frm the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the frests.”可知，這些“家”保護他們免受陽光、雨水和森林里的野生動物的侵害，prtect“保護”，不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中用動詞原形，故填(p)rtect。
2．句意：這些“穴居人”通常生活在小群體中，生活對他們來說并不容易。根據(jù)“These ‘cave peple’ usually lived in small grups and life was nt e... fr them.”可知，生活對他們來說并不容易，easy“容易的”，在句中作表語，故填(e)asy。
3．句意：他們不得不從一個地方搬到另一個地方尋找食物。根據(jù)“They had t mve frm place t place t s... fr fd.”可知，他們不得不搬家尋找食物，search fr“尋找”符合語境，不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中用動詞原形，故填(s)earch。
4．句意：當(dāng)他們找不到吃的東西時，他們會離開去找另一個合適的地方。根據(jù)“When they culdn’t find a... t eat, they wuld leave t find anther prper place.”可知，找不到吃的東西時就會搬家，anything“任何東西”，用于否定句中，故填(a)nything。
5．句意：他們吃生的食物，直到學(xué)會如何生火。根據(jù)“They ate raw (生的) fd u... they learnt hw t make a fire.”可知，直到學(xué)會如何生火才不吃生的食物，until“直到”符合語境，故填(u)ntil。
6．句意：至于衣服，他們只用樹皮或獸皮來遮蓋身體。根據(jù)“they used nly the bark (樹皮) f trees r the skins (皮) f animals t c... their bdies”可知，他們只用樹皮或獸皮來遮蓋身體，cver“遮蓋”，不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中用動詞原形，故填(c)ver。
7．句意：他們收集了生長在森林中的野生植物的種子。根據(jù)“They cllected the seeds (種子) f wild plants that g... in the frests.”可知，收集生長在森林中的野生植物的種子，grw“生長”，時態(tài)是一般過去時，動詞用過去式，故填(g)rew。
8．句意：他們還飼養(yǎng)牛、羊和其他種類的農(nóng)場動物，以獲取牛奶、肉和皮。根據(jù)“They als kept cws, sheep and ther kinds f farm a... fr milk, meat and skins.”可知，飼養(yǎng)牛、羊和其他種類的農(nóng)場動物，animal“動物”，“ther kinds f”修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填(a)nimals。
9．句意：他們成了農(nóng)民，只住在一個特定的地區(qū)。根據(jù)“They became f... and lived in nly ne certain area.”可知，他們成了農(nóng)民，farmer“農(nóng)民”，主語“They”是復(fù)數(shù)，故填(f)armers。
10．句意：他們的群體變得比以前更大，因為他們的生活更加穩(wěn)定。根據(jù)“Their grups became l... than befre as they lived mre settled (固定的) lives.”可知，他們的群體變得比以前更大，larger“更大的”，在句中作表語，故填(l)arger。
（2024·山東東營·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
Bear was busy making pies. When he wke up in spring, he wuld need them.
“Oh n!” cried Bear. “The berries (莓) have run ut. I must pick sme mre.”
Bear went t find mre berries. He walked till his ft ached, but he didn’t find any berries n 11 his hme.
S he decided t g deeper int the frest t lk fr berries. As he walked alng, he felt very h 12 . He had been s busy cking that he had eaten nthing all day.
As be walked, Bear met bis friend Raccn.
“D yu have say berries fr me?” asked Bear.
“Srry, but I can g 13 yu sme apples.” said Raccn.
“Yur apples are t sur.” said Bear.
Sn Bear met Squirrel.
“D yu have any berries fr me?” asked Bear.
“N,” said Squirrel. “But I have sme walnuts (核桃). Yu can have sme.”
“Thank yu.” said Bear. “But I d nt w 14 walnuts in my pies. I will keep searching fr berries.”
After a lt f effrt, Bear realized that there were n berries left.
Suddenly, snw began t fall. Bear raced hme. Then he jumped int bed. B 15 he culd nt sleep. He was s hungry.
“Oh dear.” said Bear. I will have t eat my pies. But if s, I will have n 16 fr spring. Bear was t hungry t wrry abut it. He ate up all the pies u 17 he felt full at last. Sn he was fast asleep. Bear slept fr many mnths.
Spring came. Bear w 18 up. He was very, very hungry.
Just then, Raccn and Squirrel came. They were each hlding a pie.
“Thse pies smell delicius.” said Bear.
“Oh. I dn’t think yu wuld like my sur apple pie.” said Raccn.
“And I am sure yu wuldn’t like my walnut pie.” said Squirrel.
When Bear pened his muth t speak, Raccn put sme apple pie in Bear’s m 19 .
“Yum, this is gd!” cried Bear.
Squirrel gave Bear sme walnut pie.
“Ww, walnut pie is great, t 20 ,” said Bear.
“Aren’t yu glad we educated yu abut pies?” said Squirrel.
“I am.” Bear said. “My next pies will have new fillings (餡).”
【答案】
11．(n)ear 12．(h)ungry 13．(g)ive 14．(w)ant 15．(B)ut 16．(n)thing 17．(u)ntil 18．(w)ke 19．(m)uth 20．(t)
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了熊忙著做餡餅，但是不小心在冬眠前把它們吃光了，最后朋友們帶來新口味的餡餅，這讓他感到滿足和感激。
11．句意：他一直走到腳痛，但在家附近沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)任何漿果。根據(jù)“didn’t find any hme”可知在他家附近沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)漿果，near“在附近”。故填(n)ear。
12．句意：他邊走邊覺得很餓。根據(jù)“He had been s busy cking that he had eaten nthing all day.”可知他什么都沒吃，所以很餓，hungry“餓的”。故填(h)ungry。
13．句意：我可以給你一些蘋果。根據(jù)“yu sme apples”可知是給你一些蘋果，give“給”，情態(tài)動詞后加動詞原形。故填(g)ive。
14．句意：但我不想在餡餅里放核桃。根據(jù)“But I d in my pies”可知是不想在餡餅里放核桃，want“想要”，助動詞d nt后加動詞原形。故填(w)ant。
15．句意：但是他睡不著。此處和前句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but連接。故填(B)ut。
16．句意：但如果這樣的話，我將度過一個一無所有的春天。根據(jù)“I will have t eat my pies”可知如果把餡餅吃了，春天就什么也沒有了，nthing“沒有什么”。故填(n)thing。
17．句意：他把所有的餡餅都吃光了，直到他終于覺得飽了為止。根據(jù)“He ate up all the felt full at last.”可知是吃完了所有的餡餅，直到他吃飽了，until“直到”。故填(u)ntil。
18．句意：熊醒了。根據(jù)“Bear slept fr many mnths.”可知他從冬眠中醒來，wake up“醒來”，句子用一般過去時，動詞用過去式。故填(w)ke。
19．句意：浣熊往熊的嘴里塞了一些蘋果餡餅。根據(jù)“Raccn put sme apple pie in Bear’s...”可知是在嘴巴里放一些蘋果餡餅，muth“嘴巴”，此處用名詞單數(shù)形式，指熊的嘴巴。故填(m)uth。
20．句意：核桃餡餅也很棒。根據(jù)“walnut pie is great”可知核桃餡餅也很美味，肯定句句尾用t。故填(t)。
（2024·江蘇連云港·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文意思和首字母提示，寫出一個完整正確的單詞。
Cmmunity cnnects us with each ther. A cmmunity is a p 21 where peple live, wrk and play tgether. It’s just like a schl, where s 22 help each ther t learn. Peple in a cmmunity h 23 ne anther, t.
Peple in a cmmunity have different skills. They ften help neighbrs s 24 all kinds f prblems. Fr example, smetimes peple d nt feel well. The d 25 and nurses will make them feel better. There are als sme engineers. They may help peple f 26 their brken bicycles r washing machines. When peple dn’t knw what t wear t a party r hw t design their hmes, the artists will give them sme a 27 .
Sme cllege students wrk as vlunteers in their s 28 time. They ften d sme cleaning fr the ld peple and help students with their h 29 .
Cmmunity is nt a building r an rganizatin. It is like a big f 30 . Members f a cmmunity have a sense f trust, safety and caring fr each ther.
【答案】
21．(p)lace 22．(s)tudents 23．(h)elp 24．(s)lve 25．(d)ctrs 26．(f)ix 27．(a)dvice 28．(s)pare 29．(h)mewrk 30．(f)amily
【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了社區(qū)將人們緊密聯(lián)系在一起，社區(qū)的人們互助友愛，就像一個大家庭。
21．句意：社區(qū)是人們一起生活、工作和娛樂的地方。根據(jù)首字母及“A cmmunity is a…where peple live, wrk and play tgether.”可知，社區(qū)是人們生活、工作和娛樂的地方。place“地方”，名詞，冠詞a后用其單數(shù)形式。故填(p)lace。
22．句意：這就像一所學(xué)校，學(xué)生們互相幫助學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)首字母及“It’s just like a schl”可知，社區(qū)像一所學(xué)校，學(xué)生們互相幫助學(xué)習(xí)。student“學(xué)生”，名詞，help是動詞原形，故名詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填(s)tudents。
23．句意：社區(qū)里的人也會互相幫助。根據(jù)首字母及“…h(huán)elp each ther t learn. Peple in a cmmunity…ne anther, t.”可知，此處指社區(qū)中的人們互相幫助。help“幫助”，動詞。時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用其原形。故填(h)elp。
24．句意：他們經(jīng)常幫助鄰居解決各種各樣的問題。根據(jù)首字母及“all kinds f prblems”可知，此處指解決問題。slve“解決”，動詞。help sb. d sth.“幫助某人做某事”，動詞用其原形。故填(s)lve。
25．句意：醫(yī)生和護士會讓他們感覺好些。根據(jù)首字母及“Fr example, smetimes peple d nt feel well”可知，人們感到不舒服時，醫(yī)生和護士會讓他們感覺好些。dctr“醫(yī)生”，可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式表泛指。故填(d)ctrs。
26．句意：他們可以幫助人們修理壞了的自行車或洗衣機。根據(jù)首字母及“their brken bicycles r washing machines”可知，此處指修理壞了的自行車或洗衣機。fix“修理”，動詞。help sb. d sth.“幫助某人做某事”，動詞用其原形。故填(f)ix。
27．句意：當(dāng)人們不知道穿什么去參加聚會或如何設(shè)計他們的家時，藝術(shù)家會給他們一些建議。根據(jù)首字母及“the artists will give them sme…”可知，此處指藝術(shù)家會給出建議。advice“建議”，不可數(shù)名詞，作動詞賓語。故填(a)dvice。
28．句意：一些大學(xué)生在業(yè)余時間做志愿者。根據(jù)首字母及“Sme cllege students wrk as vlunteers in their…time.”可知，此處指大學(xué)生在業(yè)余時間做志愿者。spare“空閑的”，形容詞，作定語修飾名詞time。故填(s)pare。
29．句意：他們經(jīng)常為老人打掃衛(wèi)生，幫助學(xué)生做作業(yè)。根據(jù)首字母及“and help students with their…”可知，此處指大學(xué)生會幫助學(xué)生們做作業(yè)。hmewrk“作業(yè)”，不可數(shù)名詞。故填(h)mewrk。
30．句意：它就像一個大家庭。根據(jù)首字母及“It is like a big…”可知，此處指社區(qū)就像一個大家庭。family“家庭”，可數(shù)名詞，被a修飾，用其單數(shù)形式。故填(f)amily。
（2024·江蘇揚州·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和首字母提示，在下文空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使短文完整。在答題卡標有題號的橫線上，完整地寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式。（每空一詞）
Even thugh my grandfather was a farmer, my grandmther wuld irn his wrk clthes every day. Grandmther mixed up her wn starch (淀粉漿) in a glass b 31 with a metal cap that had several hles. She sprinkled Grandfather’s jeans with the starch, hung them ver a chair fr a few minutes, and then i 32 them.
Because I watched her d this thrugh my childhd, I thught every ld wman did it. But as the years passed, I began t questin this p 33 . Why did Grandfather need his wrk clthes irned? Mst days, he never saw anyne b 34 me and maybe a few ther farmers. The clthes became dirty in just a shrt time. Why did Grandmther s 35 devte time and effrt t irning Grandfather’s clthes that were rarely seen?
One day when I was abut 13, I asked Grandmther abut it. She tld me Grandfather was the mst handsme man in the wrld. Later that day, I lked c 36 at Grandfather. He sure didn’t lk s handsme t me. He was shrt and fat with false teeth (假牙). Later I tld her my thught.
She gave me a girlish smile and said, “Yu just aren’t lking in the right light, Cathy. I remember when he had r 37 teeth. He has the mst beautiful eyes I have ever seen. They are e 38 the same clr as the sky just befre the sun ges dwn. I want the wrld t see my h 39 as the mst beautiful man. I want him t feel beautiful. I irn his clthes every day because fr all these years, he has made me feel beautiful.”
The years went n, and I watched Grandmther and Grandfather grw ld tgether. I was prbably 30 when I u 40 what beauty really was. It was Grandmther irning Grandfather’s jeans with starch frm a glass bttle.
【答案】
31．(b)ttle 32．(i)rned 33．(p)ractice 34．(b)ut 35．(s)till 36．(c)arefully 37．(r)eal 38．(e)xactly 39．(h)usband 40．(u)nderstd
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了奶奶給爺爺熨燙衣服，在奶奶眼里，爺爺是世界上最帥氣的人，很多年過后作者才真正明白真正的美是什么。
31．句意：祖母在一個有幾個洞的金屬蓋的玻璃瓶里把自己的淀粉漿混合在一起。根據(jù)“It was Grandmther irning Grandfather’s jeans with starch frm a glass bttle.”可知是一個玻璃瓶，a后加可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)bttle“瓶子”。故填(b)ttle。
32．句意：她在爺爺?shù)呐Ｗ醒澤先錾系矸?，把它們掛在椅子上幾分鐘，然后熨好?根據(jù)“my grandmther wuld irn his wrk clthes”可知奶奶給爺爺熨燙衣服，irn“熨燙”，本文時態(tài)為一般過去時，動詞用過去式。故填(i)rned。
33．句意：但隨著時間的推移，我開始質(zhì)疑這種做法。根據(jù)“I thught every ld wman did it. But as the years passed, I began t questin this”可知作者開始懷疑熨燙衣服的通常的做法，this后加可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)practice“常規(guī)”。故填(p)ractice。
34．句意：大多數(shù)時候，除了我和其他一些農(nóng)民，他從來沒有見過任何人。根據(jù)“he never saw and maybe a few ther farmers”可知是除了我和其他一些農(nóng)民，他從來沒有見過任何人，but“除了”。故填(b)ut。
35．句意：為什么祖母仍然花時間和精力為祖父熨很少見到的衣服？根據(jù)“devte time and effrt t irning Grandfather’s clthes that were rarely seen?”可知作者好奇為什么奶奶仍然花時間和精力為祖父熨很少見到的衣服，still“仍然”。故填(s)till。
36．句意：那天晚些時候，我仔細地看著爺爺。根據(jù)“ Grandfather”可知是仔細觀察爺爺，修飾動詞用副詞carefully“認真地”。故填(c)arefully。
37．句意：我記得他長著真牙的時候。根據(jù)“He was shrt and fat with false teeth”可知現(xiàn)在爺爺戴著假牙，但是奶奶記得爺爺長著真牙的時候，修飾名詞用形容詞real“真的”。故填(r)eal。
38．句意：它們與太陽下山前的天空顏色完全相同。根據(jù)“the same clr as the sky just befre the sun ges dwn.”可知爺爺眼睛的顏色和太陽下山前的天空顏色完全相同，故此處用副詞exactly“確切地”。故填(e)xactly。
39．句意：我想讓全世界都把我的丈夫看作最美麗的男人。根據(jù)“as the mst beautiful man”可知奶奶想讓全世界都把她的丈夫當(dāng)作最漂亮的男人，husband“丈夫”。故填(h)usband。
40．句意：我大概30歲的時候才明白真正的美麗是什么。根據(jù)“what beauty really was”可知是理解真正的美麗是什么，understand“理解”，根據(jù)“was”可知句子用一般過去時，動詞用過去式。故填(u)nderstd。

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