2024年黑龍江省哈爾濱市南崗區(qū)虹橋中學中考二模英語試題（原卷版+解析版）

這是一份2024年黑龍江省哈爾濱市南崗區(qū)虹橋中學中考二模英語試題（原卷版+解析版），文件包含2024年黑龍江省哈爾濱市南崗區(qū)虹橋中學中考二模英語試題原卷版docx、2024年黑龍江省哈爾濱市南崗區(qū)虹橋中學中考二模英語試題解析版docx等2份試卷配套教學資源，其中試卷共34頁， 歡迎下載使用。
1. The educatin f ________ yung is always ________ ht and serius tpic.
A. /, aB. the, aC. the, /
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】句意：青少年教育一直是一個熱門而嚴肅的話題。
考查冠詞。根據(jù)“yung”可知，第一個空是“定冠詞+形容詞”，表示“一類人”；第二個空泛指“一個話題”，ht以輔音音素開頭，用不定冠詞a。故選B。
2. Tm tried sme ways t avid catching the flu, but ________ wrked.
A. allB. neitherC. nne
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】句意：湯姆嘗試了一些方法來避免感染流感，但都不起作用。
考查代詞。all全部；neither兩者都不；nne三者或三者以上都不。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but，可知是都不起作用，根據(jù)“sme ways”可知，需要用nne來表否定。故選C。
3. Hw kind yu are! Yu always d what yu can ________ thers.
A. helpB. t helpC. helps
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】句意：你太善良了！你總是做你能做的去幫助別人。
考查不定式。help動詞原形；t help不定式結(jié)構(gòu)；helps動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式?！皐hat yu can”作d的賓語，是賓語從句，盡力去做能做的事情是為了幫助他人，后面用動詞不定式作目的狀語。故選B。
4. —Let’s g t Hngqia Middle Schl by taxi.
—It’s nt far. We ________ take a taxi.
A. mustn’tB. needn’tC. can’t
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】句意：——我們乘出租車去虹橋中學吧?！贿h。我們不必乘出租車。
考查情態(tài)動詞。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；can’t不能。根據(jù)“It’s nt far”可知離這里不遠，所以不必坐出租車。故選B。
5. Yu are suppsed t ________ the lights befre yu leave the classrm.
A. cut ffB. take ffC. turn ff
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】句意：你應該在離開教室前關(guān)燈。
考查動詞短語。cut ff切斷；take ff起飛；turn ff關(guān)閉。根據(jù)“the lights befre yu leave the classrm.”可知是離開教室前要關(guān)燈。故選C。
6. —________ des it take t get t the museum?
—Abut half an hur.
A. Hw lngB. Hw snC. Hw ften
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】句意：——到博物館需要多長時間？——大約半個小時。
考查特殊疑問句。Hw lng多長時間；Hw sn多久以后；Hw ften多久一次。根據(jù)“Abut half an hur.”可知，設(shè)空處是提問多長時間。故選A。
7. In summer, fd will g bad quickly ________ we put it int a fridge.
A. ifB. unlessC. after
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】句意：夏天，食物很快就會變質(zhì)，除非我們把它放進冰箱里。
考查連詞辨析。if如果；unless除非；after在……之后。分析句子可知，后句是前句的否定條件，用unless引導條件狀語從句，故選B。
8. —Why d yu want t take yur mther t anther hspital?
—Because the dctrs here can’t say ________ what’s wrng with her.
A. wiselyB. simplyC. exactly
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】句意：——你為什么要帶你媽媽去另一家醫(yī)院？——因為這里的醫(yī)生說不出她到底得了什么病。
考查副詞辨析。wisely明智地；simply簡單地；exactly確切地。根據(jù)“can’t say…what’s wrng with her.”可知，此處是指醫(yī)生不能確切地說出她得了什么病。故選C。
9. —Cmputers have had a great effrt n learning methds since they ________ int schls.
—I can’t agree with yu mre.
A. intrduceB. are intrducedC. were intrduced
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】句意：——自從計算機被引入學校以來，它們在學習方法上做出了巨大的努力?！彝耆饽愕目捶?。
考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。“they”指的是計算機，和動詞“intrduce”之間是被動關(guān)系，應用被動語態(tài)。since引導的時間狀語從句，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句用一般過去時，所以這里用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語是復數(shù)，be動詞用were。故選C。
10. —Culd yu tell me ________?
—I didn’t arrive there until 4: 00 p. m.
A. hw yu gt t ShanghaiB. when did yu g t ShanghaiC. when yu arrived in Shanghai
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】句意：——你能告訴我你什么時候到上海的嗎？——我直到下午4點才到達那里。
考查賓語從句。句子是賓語從句，用陳述語序，排除B；根據(jù)“I didn’t arrive there until 4: 00 p. m.”可知此處詢問時間，用when引導賓語從句。故選C。
二、完形填空（本題共10分，每小題1分）
In the West, the ppularity f Chinese restaurants has risen greatly. Sme Westerners can even use chpsticks well. But maybe they’re quite unfamiliar with Chinese custms. S it’s necessary t understand sme Chinese ____11____ manners.
In China, when a freign guest is invited t have dinner at a restaurant, he will nt be ____12____ t knw all the traditinal table manners. But the guest ____13____ knws sme f them will get “face” and give “face” t his hst.
____14____, freign guests will be frgiven (原諒) fr nt knwing dining etiquette (禮節(jié)). If they aren’t used ____15____ chpsticks, they will naturally be ffered a knife and frk. Chinese fd, hwever, seems t taste better when it is eaten with chpsticks.
Althugh western custms have influenced Chinese dining habits, mst f the ____16____ traditins still live n. The guest f hnr will usually be seated facing the ____17____ . If the hst can’t decide hw t give a prper seat t his guests, he will seat them accrding t age. The hst sits ____18____ the dr, as in the West, s that he is the nearest t the kitchen. ____19____ they have dinner in the hst’s hme, what will the hst d? He’ll g ut f his way t bring each dish t the table. Each guest will feel ____20____. The hst will make them feel at hme.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。
11.
A. tableB. greetingC. service
12.
A. allwedB. hpedC. expected
13.
A. whseB. whichC. wh
14.
A. NrmallyB. HardlyC. Mainly
15.
A. tB. frC. with
16.
A. hardB. badC. ld
17.
A. drB. hallC. windw
18.
A. behindB. befreC. beside
19.
A. AlthughB. IfC. But
20.
A. amazedB. bringC. relaxed
【答案】11 A 12. C 13. C 14. A 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【導語】本文主要介紹了中國的一些餐桌禮儀。
【11題詳解】
句意：因此，有必要了解一些中國人的餐桌禮儀。
table桌子；greeting招呼；service服務(wù)。根據(jù)“In China, when a freign guest is invited t have dinner at a restaurant,”可知是了解一些餐桌禮儀。故選A。
【12題詳解】
句意：在中國，當一位外國客人被邀請到餐館吃飯時，人們不會期望他了解所有傳統(tǒng)的餐桌禮儀。
allwed允許；hped希望；expected期待。根據(jù)“t knw all the traditinal table manners”可知是不會期望外國人了解所有傳統(tǒng)的餐桌禮儀，be expected t d sth.“期望做某事”。故選C。
【13題詳解】
句意：但知道一些餐桌禮儀的客人會得到“面子”，并給主人“面子”。
whse引導定語從句，先行詞是人或物，在從句中作定語；which引導定語從句，先行詞是物，在從句中作主語或賓語；wh引導定語從句，先行詞是人，在從句中作主語或賓語。句子是定語從句，先行詞是the guest，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，用wh引導。故選C。
【14題詳解】
句意：通常情況下，外國客人不懂用餐禮儀是情有可原的。
nrmally正常地；hardly幾乎不；mainly主要地。根據(jù)“freign guests will be frgiven (原諒) fr nt knwing dining etiquette”可知通常情況下，外國客人不懂用餐禮儀是情有可原的。故選A。
【15題詳解】
句意：如果他們不習慣用筷子，他們自然會得到刀叉。
t到；fr為了；with和。此處指“不習慣筷子”，用結(jié)構(gòu)be used t。故選A。
【16題詳解】
句意：盡管西方習俗影響了中國人的飲食習慣，但大多數(shù)古老的傳統(tǒng)仍然存在。
hard難的；bad壞的；ld老的。根據(jù)“traditins still live n”可知是一些老傳統(tǒng)仍然存在。故選C。
【17題詳解】
句意：主賓通常會對門而坐。
dr門；hall大廳；windw窗戶。根據(jù)“The guest f hnr will usually be seated facing the”以及“the dr”以及常識可知主賓是對門而坐。故選A。
【18題詳解】
句意：主人坐在門旁邊，就像在西方一樣，所以他離廚房最近。
behind在后面；befre在……之前；beside在旁邊。根據(jù)“s that he is the nearest t the kitchen”可知是坐在門旁邊，離廚房最近。故選C。
【19題詳解】
句意：如果他們在主人家吃飯，主人會怎么做？
althugh雖然；if如果；but但是。前句是后句的條件，用if引導條件狀語從句。故選B。
【20題詳解】
句意：每位客人都會感到放松。
amazed吃驚的；bring無聊的；relaxed放松的。根據(jù)“The hst will make them feel at hme.”可知是要讓客人放松。故選C。
三、閱讀理解 （本題共20分，每小題1分）
（A）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。
21. Where is the huge snwman?
A. On the banks f the Snghua River.
B. In the 2024 Spring Festival Gala.
C. Frm the City f Ice’s scial media.
22. What is the name f the Chinese dragn?
A. Chunwan.B. Lng Chenchen.C. Mna Lisa.
23. What’s the snwman like?
A. It wears a red hat and hlds a trch.B. It desn’t lk lvely.C. It’s made f ice.
24. Accrding t Paragraph 3, what is the artist’s natinality (國籍)?
A. Brazilian.B. Chinese.C. Italian.
25. What can we knw frm the passage?
A. Painting n the ptates instead f paper is mre creative.
B. The dragn has many traditinal Chinese cultural elements.
C. This snwman is the mst ppular and tallest in the wrld.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. B
【解析】
【導語】本文介紹了哈爾濱的巨型雪人、中國龍以及由土豆拼成的“蒙娜麗莎”。
【21題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“A huge snwman is waiting fr yu there. It sits n the banks f the Snghua River and stands 20 meters tall.”可知，這個巨大的雪人位于松花江邊。故選A。
【22題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“I am a Chinese dragn. My name is Lng Chenchen.”可知，中國龍的名字是龍辰辰。故選B。
【23題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The giant wears a red hat and hlds a trch (火炬).”可知，這個雪人戴紅色帽子，手持火炬。故選A。
【24題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“An artist frm Brazil painted anther image (畫像) f the famus Mna Lisa”可知，藝術(shù)家來自巴西。故選A。
【25題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題根據(jù)“My creatrs used many traditinal Chinese cultural elements in my design.”可知，龍有許多中國傳統(tǒng)文化元素。故選B。
（B）
Once upn a time, there lived a kind-hearted king. He liked birds and animals, and had a huge bird sanctuary(禁獵區(qū)) in his cuntry. He disliked harming the animals and birds. He did nt kill them even fr meat. One day, the king was gifted tw beautiful birds by a businessman. The king rdered the trainer t make them feel cmfrtable in their cuntry.
One day, the king saw ne bird fly very high, very quickly. Hwever, the ther bird just sat n the branch(樹枝) and didn’t mve even a step. The trainer said that he had tried everything he culd but still failed t make the bird mve. Sn, the king annunced that he needed smene t make the ther bird mve and fly.
A few weeks later, an ld man reached the king’s palace and said that he wuld make the bird fly like the ther ne. The king asked the trainer t take the ld man t train the bird.
The next day, the king went t visit the ld man. He was very surprised t see the ther bird fly like the first ne t great heights in fast speed. The king was very happy and gifted the ld man a handful f gld cins and asked the ld man what he had dne t make the bird fly in a day. The ld man simply replied, “I just cut dwn the branch f the tree where the bird used t sit n.”
Many f us are like this. We have wings t fly, we knw hw t fly, and where t fly. Still we sit ding nthing r ding smething that makes us wrse than thers.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正(T)、誤(F)。
26. The king asked the trainer t take gd care f the birds.
27. The tw birds flew very high and quickly with the trainer’s help.
28. The king fund the ther bird culd fly like the first ne the next day.
29. The ld man cut dwn the whle tree where the bird used t sit n.
30. We learn frm the stry that we shuldn’t sit still when we have wings t fly.
【答案】26. T 27. F
28. T 29. F
30. T
【解析】
【導語】本文講述老人通過砍掉一只鳥所棲息的樹枝，從而讓這只看似不會飛的鳥飛得又高又快的故事。這告訴我們很多人就跟這只鳥一樣，需要逼迫飛翔。
【26題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The king rdered the trainer t make them feel cmfrtable in their cuntry.”可知，國王命令馴獸師讓它們在自己的國家里感到舒適，即照顧它們。故答案為T。
【27題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Hwever, the ther bird just sat n the branch(樹枝) and didn’t mve even a step.”可知，另一只鳥在馴獸師的訓練下并沒有學會飛翔。故答案為F。
【28題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The next was very surprised t see the ther bird fly like the first ne t great heights in fast speed.”可知，第二天，國王發(fā)現(xiàn)另一只鳥也能像第一只鳥那樣飛了。故答案為T。
【29題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“I just cut dwn the branch f the tree”可知，老人只是砍掉了樹枝，不是整棵樹。故答案為F。
【30題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)“We have wings t fly; we knw hw t fly, and where t fly. Still we sit ding nthing r ding smething that makes us wrse than thers.”和全文內(nèi)容可知，我們有飛翔的能力，但是我們還是干坐著不付出行動，這是不對的，也就是說當我們有翅膀飛翔時，我們不應該坐著不動。故答案為T。
（C）
Walking arund the city, yu will see girls wearing hanfu n the undergrund r peple wearing T-shirts with Chinese characters in the streets. A new trend (潮流) is getting ppular in China. It’s gucha.
Gucha gt peple’s attentin in 2018. Befre that, the market was cntrlled by freign cmpanies. There were few Chinese brands (品牌). T win the market share, many Chinese brands fllwed the ftsteps f these Western brands. In 2018, Chinese sprtswear brand Li-Ning made changes t the situatin. It intrduced its Wu Da cllectin t the wrld. The cllectin nt nly lked fashinable, but als included elements (元素) f traditinal Chinese culture. It quickly caught peple’s attentin at hme and abrad.
Later, many Chinese brands, frm fd, drinks and clthing t mbile phnes and cars, started t add Chinese culture int their prducts. Even the film and music industries made every effrt t create Chinese styles. “We want ur prducts t be the nes that yung peple wuld like t share.” they said.
These brands gt what they wanted. Yung peple gradually cnverted their attentin frm Western culture t gucha. They accepted it with pleasure. What’s mre, they started t develp interest in traditinal Chinese art and literature. Nw they wear traditinal clthes, practice Chinese calligraphy (書法) and play Chinese musical instruments. Sme f them are wrking tgether t spread Chinese culture t peple arund the wrld.
At the same time, peple f different ages start t chse prducts “made in China”. Accrding t a survey, 68% Chinese peple prefer Chinese brands. Amng them, 62% say they are pen t internatinal brands, but lcal brands remain the first chice.
N matter hw gucha develps, there is ne thing that wn’t change—peple’s cnfidence in ur cuntry’s develpment and culture is grwing.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案
31. In the first paragraph, the writer intrduces gucha by ________.
A. telling a stryB. listing a factC. asking a questin
32. Which field didn’t add Chinese culture int their prducts accrding t the passage?
A. Fd.B. Mbile phnes.C. Buildings.
33. What des the underlined wrd “cnverted” in the passage mean?
A. Develped.B. Started.C. Changed.
34. Which f the fllwing is NOT right accrding t the passage?
A. Befre 2018, the market was cntrlled by freign cmpanies.
B. Li-Ning that is a Chinese sprtswear brand intrduced its Wu Da cllectin t the wrld.
C. Accrding t the survey, fewer than half Chinese peple prefer Chinese brands.
35. Which is the best title fr the passage?
A. Chinese Sprtswear Brand Li-Ning
B. Gucha, A New Fashin Trend
C. The Develpment f Chinese Brands
【答案】31. B 32. C 33. C 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文，文章介紹了中國國潮的興起。
【31題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Walking arund the city, yu will see girls wearing hanfu n the undergrund r peple wearing T-shirt with Chinese characters in the streets.”可知，在第一段中，作者通過列舉事實介紹國潮。故選B。
【32題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第三段“Later, many Chinese brands, frm fd, drinks and clthing t mbile phne s and cars, started t add Chinese culture int their prducts.”可知，食品和手機都添加了中國文化，只有建筑沒有提到。故選C。
【33題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“These brands gt what they wanted.”可知，此處意為年輕人逐漸將注意力從西方文化轉(zhuǎn)移到國潮。故選C。
【34題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Accrding t a survey, 68% Chinese peple prefer Chinese brands. Amng them, 62% say they are pen t internatinal brands, but lcal brands remain the first chice.”根據(jù)一項調(diào)查，68%的中國人更喜歡中國品牌。其中，62%的受訪者表示對國際品牌持開放態(tài)度，但本土品牌仍是首選?？芍^一半的國人喜歡中國品牌。C選項表述不正確。故選C。
【35題詳解】
最佳標題題。通讀全文可知文章介紹了中國國潮的興起，所以選項B“國潮，一種新的時尚潮流”適合。故選B。
（D）
What is the mst stressful thing in schl? It is prbably exams. Exams can put us under a lt f pressure. But sme students d well under pressure, while thers feel terrible. ___36___
It all cmes dwn t dpamine (多巴胺). ___37___ It has many imprtant rles, influencing memry, attentin and hw we learn. Our brains wrk best when there is an even balance f dpamine—nt t much r t little.
The brain cntrls dpamine in tw ways. It either takes ut dpamine quickly, r gradually. Exam success can be related t hw fast dpamine ges back t an even balance. ___38___ If yu becme stressed, yur brain will start t verlad (超負荷) n dpamine. ___39___ The quicker yu are able t g back t an even balance f dpamine, the quicker yu can fix yurself perfrm better n a test.
Scientists fund that, during a test, peple wh slwly gt back t an even balance f dpamine scred 8 percent lwer. ___40___ But dn’t fear, there is sme gd news. The study als fund that the mre practice yu get, the less stressed yu’ll be. S, it turns ut that practice really des make perfect.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，將下面選項還原到文中空白處，使短文內(nèi)容完整，通順。（每個選項只能用一次，選項中有一項是多余項）
A. What happens when we sit fr an exam?
B. It is like a cup running ver with water.
C. S, why d sme students perfrm better under stress?
D. That’s the difference between a gd mark and a bad mark.
E. Dpamine is a chemical in ur brain that sends infrmatin t ur bdy.
F. Is there anything that can help change the speed f dpamine getting int ur bdy?
【答案】36. C 37. E 38. A 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【導語】本文主要介紹了有些學生在壓力下表現(xiàn)更好的原因。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“But sme students d well under pressure, while thers feel terrible.”及下文“It all cmes dwn t dpamine(多巴胺).”可知，此處是有些學生壓力下表現(xiàn)更好的原因，選項C“那么，為什么有些學生在壓力下表現(xiàn)更好？”符合語境，故選C。
【37題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“It has many imprtant rles; influencing memry, attentin and hw we learn.”可知，此處是說它的作用。選項E“多巴胺是我們大腦中的一種化學物質(zhì)，它向我們的身體發(fā)送信息?！狈险Z境，故選E。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Exam success can be related t hw fast dpamine ges back t an even balance.”及“If yu becme stressed, yur brain will start t verlad (超負荷) n dpamine.”可知，下文應該是參加考試時的情況，選項A“當我們參加考試時會發(fā)生什么？”符合語境，故選A。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“If yu becme stressed, yur brain will start t verlad (超負荷) n dpamine.”可知，把前面的現(xiàn)象比作溢出水的杯子，選項B“它就像一個溢出水的杯子?！狈险Z境，故選B。
【40題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Scientists fund that, during a test, peple wh slwly gt back t an even balance f dpamine scred 8 percent lwer.”可知，此處介紹的是好成績和壞成績的區(qū)別，選項D“這就是好分數(shù)和壞分數(shù)的區(qū)別?！狈险Z境，故選D。
第Ⅱ卷
四.交際應用 （本題共5分，每題1分）
根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從方框內(nèi)的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，其中有兩個為多余選項。
A: It’s very nice f yu t invite me.
B: I’m very glad yu culd cme. ____41____
A: Thank yu. ____42____
B: Guangdng fd is a bit light and Anhui fd is f rich taste.
A: ____43____ They are very gd in clr and taste.
B: Wuld yu like sme mre chicken?
A: N, thanks. I’m quite full.
B: ____44____
A: Yes, it’s the mst delicius dinner I’ve had.
B: ____45____
A: Thank yu very much fr yur treat.
A. I’m s glad yu like it.
B. D yu enjy the meal?
C. I’ll see yu tmrrw then.
D. Have yu tried Anhui fd befre?
E. Chinese dishes are carefully prepared.
F. Please take a seat at the head f the table.
G. Culd yu tell me abut the dishes in different parts f China?
【答案】41. F 42. G 43. E 44. B 45. A
【解析】
【導語】本文是兩個人討論菜式的一則對話。
【41題詳解】
根據(jù)“I’m very glad yu culd cme”可知，對于對方能來表示歡迎，并且引領(lǐng)對方就座，F(xiàn)選項“請在桌子上首坐”符合，故選F。
【42題詳解】
根據(jù)“Guangdng fd is a bit light and Anhui fd is f rich taste”可知，詢問菜式的區(qū)別，G選項“你能給我講講中國各地的菜嗎”符合，故選G。
【43題詳解】
根據(jù)“They are very gd in clr and taste”可知，此處是對菜式的評價，E選項“中國菜是精心準備的”符合，故選E。
【44題詳解】
根據(jù)“Yes”可知，此處是一個一般疑問句，B選項“您喜歡這頓飯嗎”符合，故選B。
【45題詳解】
根據(jù)“Yes, it’s the mst delicius dinner I’ve had”可知，對方能喜歡很開心，A選項“我很高興你喜歡它”符合，故選A。
五.任務(wù)型閱讀 （本大題共25小題，每小題1分，共25分）
先閱讀任務(wù) （A）（B）（C）三篇短文，根據(jù)題目要求及所給語境完成下列3項任務(wù)。
（A）
用方框中所給詞或短語填空，使文章通順、連貫、合理。（每空只填一個詞或一個短語，每個單詞或短語使用一次）
Teachers are ften cnsidered as engineers f the humans. But there’s ne persn in China wh is called the “teacher f teachers”. Brn in Anhui prvince, China, in 1891, Ta studied educatinal philsphy (哲學) at Clumbia University, US, in 1914. When Ta ___46___ t China in 1917 and began his wn career as an educatr, he tried his best t imprve China’s educatin system.
In 1921, he did surveys n the ___47___ f educatin in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai. Ta was ___48___ t learn that the number f illiteracy (文盲) in China went beynd 70 percent. T slve the prblem, Ta ___49___ yung wrkers and farmers t study while wrking. After six years, he ___50___ Xiazhuang Nrmal Cllege and trained teachers and educatrs, mst f whm became teachers at schls in the cuntryside. In January 1934, he started the “Little Teacher” ___51___ t encurage yung students t serve as teachers t thers.
Under Ta’s guidance, there were ___52___ 18,000 “l(fā)ittle teachers” in Shanghai within 10 mnths. Later, there were 28 prvinces and ___53___ taking part in his natinwide educatin event. Even in the fight against the Japanese invaders (侵略者), Ta never frgt his gal. He started Yucai Middle Schl in Chngqing and ___54___ free educatin t children in need.
Maybe Ta’s saying is the best explanatin fr ____55____ life, “Giving a whle heart, yet taking nthing in return, nt even a leaf f grass.”
【答案】46. returned
47. ppularity
48. surprised
49. rganized
50. set up 51. prject
52. nearly 53. cities
54. ffered
55. his
【解析】
【導語】本文主要介紹了近代著名教育學家陶行知先生。
【46題詳解】
句意：1917年，陶回到中國，開始了自己的教育生涯，他盡力改善中國的教育體系。根據(jù)“t China”可知是回到中國，return“回到”，句子用一般過去時，動詞用過去式。故填returned。
【47題詳解】
句意：1921年，他調(diào)查了北京、天津和上海的教育普及情況。根據(jù)“f educatin in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai”可知是調(diào)查了教育普及情況，此處用名詞ppularity“普及”。故填ppularity。
【48題詳解】
句意：陶驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，中國的文盲率超過了70%。根據(jù)“the number f illiteracy (文盲) in China went beynd 70 percent”可知發(fā)現(xiàn)中國的文盲率超過70%，他應該很驚訝，作表語用形容詞，形容人用surprised“吃驚的”。故填surprised。
【49題詳解】
句意：為了解決這個問題，陶組織青年工人和農(nóng)民邊工作邊學習。根據(jù)“yung wrkers and farmers t study”可知組織人們邊工作邊學習，rganize“組織”，句子用一般過去時，動詞用過去式。故填rganized。
【50題詳解】
句意：六年后，他創(chuàng)辦了曉莊師范學院，并培養(yǎng)了教師和教育工作者，其中大多數(shù)人成為了農(nóng)村學校的教師。根據(jù)“Xiazhuang Nrmal Cllege”可知是創(chuàng)建了學校，set up“創(chuàng)建”，句子用一般過去時，動詞用過去式。故填set up。
【51題詳解】
句意：1934年1月，他開始了“小教師”項目，鼓勵年輕學生為他人當老師。根據(jù)“he started the ‘Little Teacher’”可知是“小教師”項目，prject“項目”，此處用名詞單數(shù)。故填prject。
【52題詳解】
句意：在陶的帶領(lǐng)下，10個月內(nèi)，上海有近18000名“小教師”。根據(jù)“18,000 ‘little teachers’”可知是幾乎18000名“小教師”，nearly“幾乎”。故填nearly。
【53題詳解】
句意：后來，有28個省市參加了他的全國教育活動。根據(jù)“28 prvinces and”可知是28個省市，此處用名詞復數(shù)cities“城市”。故填cities。
【54題詳解】
句意：他在重慶創(chuàng)辦了育才中學，并為有需要的孩子提供免費教育。根據(jù)“free educatin t children in need.”可知是提供免費教育，ffer“提供”，句子用一般過去時，動詞用過去式。故填ffered。
【55題詳解】
句意：也許陶的這句話是對他一生最好的解釋。根據(jù)“Maybe Ta’s saying is the best explanatin ”可知是他的一生，修飾名詞用形容詞性物主代詞his。故填his。
（B）
閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。
Chinese martial arts (武術(shù)) can date back t ld times when Chinese ancestrs used stnes and wden clubs in hunting fr self-defense (自我防衛(wèi)). Martial arts have been created and develped by Chinese peple. They are cnsidered as a valuable natinal culture. Peple practice martial arts t imprve their health. Besides, t train their defense skills and t have fun are als their purpses. D yu feel like learning mre abut them?
★Shalin bxing
Shalin bxing is named after the Shalin Temple n Munt Sngshan where the mnks (僧人) practiced it in the early years f the Tang Dynasty. During that time, when Li Shimin was attacked by his enemy near Luyang, 13 mnks frm the Shalin Temple saved him. After he became the emperr f the Tang Dynasty, he gave land and silver t the Shalin Temple as a reward. Frm then n, the Shalin Temple and Shalin bxing became well-knwn bxing style f lng bxing.
★Tai Chi
Tai Chi is a ppular Chinese martial art frm. It wns slw and gentle mvements that are designed fr defense, strengthening f build and preventin f diseases. In this art, it’s necessary that the mind guide the bdy with the help f gentle and relaxing mvements.
★Qigng
Qigng, als called deep breathing exercise, is practiced by the Chinese t keep fit. The purpse f Qigng is t crdinate (協(xié)調(diào)). Peple can imprve the cnditin f his r her bdy by breathing in a special way.
56. Why d peple practice martial arts?
_________________________________________________________
57. When did Li Shimin reward the Shalin Temple?
_________________________________________________________
58. D yu have t mve fast when yu practice Tai Chi?
_________________________________________________________
59. Hw can peple imprve the cnditin f his r her bdy when practicing Qigng?
_________________________________________________________
60. Will yu learn a Chinese martial art in the future? Why r Why nt?
_________________________________________________________
【答案】56. T imprve their health, t train their defense skills and t have fun./Peple practice martial arts t imprve their health, t train their defense skills and t have fun.
57. After he became the emperr f the Tang Dynasty.
58. N./N, I dn’t.
59. By breathing in a special way./Peple can imprve the cnditin f his r her bdy by breathing in a special way.
60. Yes. Because it is gd fr my health.
【解析】
【導語】本文主要介紹了一些中國武術(shù)。
【56題詳解】
根據(jù)“Peple practice martial arts t imprve their health. Besides, t train their defense skills and t have fun are als their purpses.”可知人們練習武術(shù)以增進健康，此外，訓練他們的防守技巧和娛樂也是他們的目的。故填T imprve their health, t train their defense skills and t have fun./Peple practice martial arts t imprve their health, t train their defense skills and t have fun.
【57題詳解】
根據(jù)“After he became the emperr f the Tang Dynasty, he gave land and silver t the Shalin Temple as a reward”可知他成為唐朝皇帝后，將土地和白銀作為獎勵送給少林寺。故填After he became the emperr f the Tang Dynasty.
【58題詳解】
根據(jù)“It wns slw and gentle mvements”可知太極的動作很慢。故填N./N, I dn’t.
【59題詳解】
根據(jù)“Peple can imprve the cnditin f his r her bdy by breathing in a special way.”可知人們可以通過一種特殊的呼吸方式來改善自己的身體狀況。故填By breathing in a special way./Peple can imprve the cnditin f his r her bdy by breathing in a special way.
【60題詳解】
開放性試題，言之有理即可。參考答案為Yes. Because it is gd fr my health.
（C）
Humans share the Earth with many different kinds f wildlife. Hwever many f ur plants and animal friends may nt live fr much lnger. Accrding t a recent reprt, the number f several animals, including mammals (哺乳動物), birds and fish, has fallen by abut sixty percent since 1970.
Accrding t the reprt, ne f the biggest causes f wildlife death is human activity. The wrld’s ppulatin has dubled in the last 50 years. Humans have used ver a third f the wrld’s land and seventy-five percent f fresh water t grw crps and keep animals. As a result, many natural habitats (棲息地) have been destryed (摧毀) t create farmland.
“The challenge we face is t find ways t meet the needs f ur grwing ppulatin while prtecting the envirnment,” said an expert. T prtect the the envirnment, many gvernments and businesses have taken actin. Fr example, China has stpped the use f rhin hrn and tiger bnes, and the ivry trade. There are als sme things that we can d persnally t make the endangered animals’ living envirnment better. Fr example, we mustn’t buy prducts that are made frm wildlife parts.
根據(jù)短文，用符合語意及語法規(guī)則的詞完成句子，每空一詞。
61. The ________ f several animals, mammals ________ , has fallen since 1970 because f human activity.
62. Humans have used ________ ________ a third f the wrld’s land and seventy-five percent f fresh water.
63. Gvernments and businesses must ________ actin t ________ the envirnment.
64. We can als d smething in ________ s as t ________ the endangered animals’ living envirnment.
65. Fr example, we must ________ t buy the prducts ________ frm wildlife parts.
【答案】61. ①. number ②. included
62. ①. mre ②. than
63. ①. take ②. prtect
64. ①. persn ②. imprve
65. ①. refuse ②. made
【解析】
【導語】本文介紹了野生動物瀕臨滅絕的現(xiàn)狀以及政府和社會對保護野生動物所采取的方法和對策。
【61題詳解】
根據(jù)“the number f several animals, including mammals (哺乳動物), birds and fish, has fallen by abut sixty percent since 1970.”可知自1970年以來，包括哺乳動物、鳥類和魚類在內(nèi)的幾種動物的數(shù)量下降了約60%，第一個空填number，第二個空填過去分詞included，作后置定語。故填number；included。
【62題詳解】
根據(jù)“Humans have used ver a third f the wrld’s land and seventy-five percent f fresh water t grw crps and keep animals.”可知人類已經(jīng)使用了世界三分之一以上的土地和75%的淡水來種植作物和飼養(yǎng)動物，ver=mre than“多于”。故填mre；than。
【63題詳解】
根據(jù)“T prtect the the envirnment, many gvernments and businesses have taken actin”可知政府和企業(yè)必須要采取行動保護環(huán)境，第一個空放情態(tài)動詞后加動詞原形take，第二個空后加動詞原形prtect，與t構(gòu)成動詞不定式，作目的狀語。故填take；prtect。
【64題詳解】
根據(jù)“There are als sme things that we can d persnally t make the endangered animals’ living envirnment better”可知為了改善瀕危動物的生存環(huán)境，我們還可以親自做一些事情，persnally=in persn“親自”，第二個空填imprve“改善”，動詞不定式符號t后加動詞原形。故填persn；imprve。
【65題詳解】
根據(jù)“we mustn’t buy prducts that are made frm wildlife parts.”可知我們不能買由野生動物制成的產(chǎn)品，即拒絕買由野生動物制成的產(chǎn)品，情態(tài)動詞后加動詞原形refuse“拒絕”，第二個空用過去分詞made作后置定語。故填refuse；made。
六.語法填空 （共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）
語法填空
Students are used t speaking putnghua bth at hme and schl. Hwever mre than 20 third-grade students frm Changsha ___66___ (start) learning the lcal dialect (方言) at schl since 2023. Dialect classes are scheduled ___67___ Friday afternn in an after schl service class. During the curses in 2023, these students ___68___ (teach) by teachers frm universities like Central Suth University and Hunan Nrmal University. Apart frm listening, speaking, reading and writing, nursery rhymes (童謠) and culture behind the dialect are quite ___69___ (mean) t the children when they grw up.
As the cuntry has been spreading putnghua, many yung ___70___ (child) d nt learn hw t speak lcal dialects. Different dialects play ___71___ imprtant part in peple’s life in different areas. Fr example, ___72___ (learn) dialects well can help children chat with friends arund. When ld peple have difficulty making ___73___ (they) understd, yung children can give a helping hand. That’s ___74___ the cuntry has started t prtect different language resurces in recent years.
Lu, a teacher frm Hunan University, tld China Daily that spreading the use f putnghua and dialects is nt ppsite. Prtectin f dialects is actually t prtect the excellent traditinal culture. This can help children ____75____ (gd) understand the lcal histry and culture than befre. Dialect prtectin is a new trend (趨勢) and it will nt disappear in the future.
【答案】66. have started
67. n 68. were taught
69. meaningful
70. children
71. an 72. learning
73. themselves
74. why 75. better
【解析】
【導語】本文主要介紹了由于大力推廣普通話，導致很多人不會說方言，最近幾年，國家開始保護方言。
【66題詳解】
句意：然而，自2023年以來，已有20多名來自長沙的三年級學生開始在學校學習當?shù)胤窖?。根?jù)“since 2023”可知，句子用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語是名詞復數(shù)，助動詞用have。故填have started。
【67題詳解】
句意：方言課安排在周五下午的課后服務(wù)班。設(shè)空處后是具體某一天的下午，用介詞n。故填n。
【68題詳解】
句意：在2023年的課程中，這些學生由中南大學、湖南師范大學等高校的老師授課。主語“these students”和謂語“teach”之間是被動關(guān)系，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語是名詞復數(shù)，be動詞用were。故填were taught。
【69題詳解】
句意：除了聽、說、讀、寫之外，童謠和方言背后的文化對孩子們長大后很有意義。根據(jù)“t the children when they grw up.”可知，學方言對孩子是有意義的，作表語用形容詞meaningful“有意義的”。故填meaningful。
【70題詳解】
句意：由于國家一直在推廣普通話，許多年幼的孩子不學習如何說當?shù)胤窖?。根?jù)“many yung ”可知，后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)children。故填children。
【71題詳解】
句意：不同的方言在不同地區(qū)的人們生活中起著重要的作用。根據(jù)“play…imprtant part in”可知，考查play a part in“在……方面起作用”，imprtant是元音音素開頭的單詞，故填an。
【72題詳解】
句意：例如，學好方言可以幫助孩子和周圍的朋友聊天。根據(jù)“dialects well can help children chat with friends arund.”可知，此處作主語，用動名詞。故填learning。
【73題詳解】
句意：當老人難以表達自己的意思時，小孩子可以伸出援助之手。根據(jù)“l(fā)d peple have difficulty making…understand”可知，是老年人難以讓自己被理解，故此處用反身代詞themselves“他們自己”。故填themselves。
【74題詳解】
句意：這就是為什么近年來國家開始保護不同的語言資源。根據(jù)“the cuntry has started t prtect different language resurces in recent years.”可知，設(shè)空處解釋原因，用why“為什么”。故填why。
【75題詳解】
句意：這可以幫助孩子們更好地了解當?shù)氐臍v史和文化。根據(jù)“than”可知，此處用比較級。故填better。
七、書面表達 （本題共20分）
76. 假如你是李華，你新結(jié)交的筆友英國中學生Peter下學期要來你校作為交換生。在此之前，他想了解你們的校園生活。請你寫一封電子郵件，介紹你和同學們的近況，并和他交流一下，作為優(yōu)秀的中學生，應該擁有的2個關(guān)鍵能力。
寫作要點：
1. 對他的到來表示歡迎。
2. 介紹你和同學們的近況：
（1）學習很忙碌但很充實。
（2）每天進行一小時的戶外運動。
3. 說說你認為優(yōu)秀的中學生應該擁有的2個關(guān)鍵能力 （key skill）。
寫作要求：
1. 不得使用真實姓名、地名和學校名。
2. 可適當加入細節(jié)，使內(nèi)容充實，行文連貫。
3. 字跡工整、語言精練、表達準確、條理清晰。
4. 至少80詞。
Dear Peter,
I’m glad t hear frm yu.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】例文
Dear Peter,
I’m glad t hear frm yu. I will tell yu smething abut my schl life.
As a ninth grade student, we are busy with ur schlwrk ever day, but we als have a clrful life. T help us relaxed and healthy, we are asked t d sprts every day fr an hur.
In my pinin, cmmunicatin is very imprtant fr middle schl students. Students shuld learn t express their ideas clearly s that thers can understand them. What’s mre, I think rganizatinal ability is als imprtant. We shuld rganize things prperly.
Best wishes.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【詳解】[總體分析]
①題材：本文是一封郵件；
②時態(tài)：時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時；
③提示：根據(jù)提示內(nèi)容介紹自己的校園生活以及優(yōu)秀的中學生應該擁有的關(guān)鍵能力，適當增加細節(jié)。
[寫作步驟]
第一步，對他的到來表示歡迎；
第二步，介紹你和同學們的近況；
第三步，說說你認為優(yōu)秀的中學生應該擁有的2個關(guān)鍵能力。
[亮點詞匯]
①be busy with忙于
②in my pinin以我來看
[高分句型]
①T help us relaxed and healthy, we are asked t d sprts every day fr an hur. (動詞不定式作目的狀語)
②Students shuld learn t express their ideas clearly s that thers can understand them. (s that引導的目的狀語從句)Welcme t the City f Ice
Harbin, the City f Ice. A huge snwman is waiting fr yu there. It sits n the banks f the Snghua River and stands 20 meters tall. The giant wears a red hat and hlds a trch (火炬). Desn’t it lk lvely?
Ready fr the Year f the Dragn?
Hell, everyne! I am a Chinese dragn. My name is Lng Chenchen. I am the masct (吉祥物) f the 2024 Spring Festival Gala (Chunwan). I will spend New Year’s Eve with yu in February. My creatrs used many traditinal Chinese cultural elements in my design. Can yu find them?
Ptat Mna Lisa
An artist frm Brazil painted anther image (畫像) f the famus Mna Lisa, but nt n paper. He gt creative and used 22 ptates instead. This wrk quickly became ppular after the artist shared it n scial media.
surprised, returned, ppularity, his, rganized, nearly, set up, cities, ffered, prject