一、閱讀理解
Discver the Huge Health Benefits f Strength Training
One f the best ways t stay fit and healthy as yu age is t d strength and pwer training exercises. It is knwn that when yu are in yur thirties, yu will begin t lse muscle mass. This lss actually cntributes t achy jints, the increased risk f injury, and the “middle-age spread” we all fear. What’s mre, the lder yu get, the faster muscle mass lses. It means that eventually, simple tasks like getting ut f a chair and climbing stairs can becme mre difficult.
Strength training can help yu build muscles, make yu strng, increase yur staying pwer and make everyday activities easier. By cmbining strength and pwer training exercises, yu’ll nt nly get strnger, but als imprve yur reactin speed. As yu grw lder, that’s critical because it can help prevent falls. Here is a bk, Strength and Pwer Training fr All Ages, fr yur reference.Cmmn sense abut fitness in the bk:
·The key muscles t wrk fr an injury-free bdy
·Hw t tell hw much weight is suitable fr yu
·Hw t strengthen the bnes mst likely t break
·Hw t take pressure ff yur knees when walking r running
·Why yu’ll want t apply heat t sre jints befre yu exerciseFur ttal bdy wrkuts in the bk:
·Build bnes
·Fight diseases
·Imprve balance
·Strengthen muscles &Increase muscle pwer
Get a cpy, start training, and then yu’ll discver a whle new self.
1．What will happen as peple age accrding t paragraph 1?
A. They will need less exercise.
B. They will imprve reactin speed.
C. They will experience muscle lss.
D. They will have better staying pwer.
2．What des Strength and Pwer Training fr All Ages mainly teach peple t d?
A. Train their brains.B. Build a sund bdy.
C. Treat bne diseases.D. Cut dwn their weight.
3．What is the text?
A. A ntice.B. An ral flktale.
C. A scientific paper.D. An advertisement.
My family visited the castal twn f St. Pete Beach. Flrida. With its pretty sandy beaches, deep blue waters and year-rund sunshine, it’s clear t see why St. Pete is a ppular turist destinatin amng travelers frm arund the wrld.
Just a few feet frm ur apartment, we fund urselves walking n white sand twards the bright blue cean. We were sn greeted by a man ffering us the use f ne f his luxury beach cabanas (小屋) fr the day at a very reasnable price and settled int a full day f relaxatin. The peaceful atmsphere was a true escape frm the hustle and bustle (喧囂) f the city. It was s easy t while away the days frm mrning until dusk, enjying the warmth f the sun’s rays and getting lst in a gd bk, befre taking a quick swim in the calm waters t cl ff.
Once the sun set, there was a varius range f bars and restaurants t chse frm just a few steps away. The warm evening atmsphere was peppered with the muthwatering smell f sizzling freshly-caught fish. The nly hardship was trying t decide where t dine each evening with s many tasty ptins!
After a while, we began t desire a bit mre adventure n ur trip which, t ur delight, we discvered was easy t cme by. On ne f ur utings, we tk a bat trip t the undisturbed island f Egmnt Key State Park. There we explred the ruins f a military utpst built in 1898 and a 150-year-ld wrking lighthuse. The island is als a prtected wildlife reserve. On ur return jurney, we were excited t discver we were being fllwed by ver a dzen dlphins, wh were taking turns t leap ut f the water playfully in the wake f ur bat.
4．What made the authr’s family select St. Pete Beach as the destinatin?
A. Water sprts.B. The city’s busy nightlife.
C. Sme histrical buildings.D. The beautiful beach and weather.
5．Why did the family decide t spend a day in a beach cabana?
A. Because f sme fun activities.
B. Because f a cst-effective ffer.
C. Because f near histrical landmarks.
D. Because f the distance f it frm their apartment.
6．What trubled the authr’s family when they chse a place t eat?
A. Friendly atmsphere in each restaurant.
B. High prices in mst restaurants.
C. Diverse chices available.
D. Family members’ preferences fr fd.
7．What added excitement t the family’s return bat trip?
A. The presence f a wildlife expert in the bat.
B. Dlphins fllwing and playing arund the bat.
C. The discvery f hidden treasures n the bat.
D. A surprising visit frm sme lcal residents.
Climate change is causing mre areas t turn int deserts. This issue is affecting the lives f 250 millin peple as land that used t be gd fr farming becmes dry and unprductive. Arund ne-third f the wrld’s land is impacted, including regins in Africa, suthern Eurpe, Asia and America.
Sand t Green is a Mrccan cmpany that can transfrm a patch f desert int a sustainable (可持續(xù)的) and prfitable plantatin in five years, accrding t Wissal Ben Mussa, its c-funder and chief agricultural fficer. The slutin is using agrfrestry (農(nóng)林業(yè))t create a new kind f agriculture that is sustainable and that can be resilient (有適應(yīng)力的) in frnt f climate change.
The system can be set up clse t any surce f salty water, which Sand t Green cleans using energy frm the sun. It then grws different types f fruit trees and plants tgether in the same area—a methd called mixed planting—and waters the plants’ rts directly with the cleaned water, t reduce water lss t the air. The sil is regenerated using what Sand t Green calls “green manure”, a mixture that includes cmpst, bichar(生物炭)and micrrganisms that help the sil “wake up”. Bichar is a frm f charcal that can help dry sil hld n t water.
In a five-hectare trial in suthern Mrcc that’s been running since 2017, Sand t Green has tried ut a variety f plants in search f the best perfrmers. Amng the intercrpping herbs (草本植物) that have been successfully trialed are rsemary, geranium, vetiver and citrnella, which Ben Mussa describes as “very lw-maintenance and very high-prfit”.
Sand t Green is nw wrking t scale up t a 20-hectare cmmercial site, als in suthern Mrcc. It says a site f that size wuld cst arund $475,000 t set up and wuld start bringing financial returns in abut five years.
Accrding t Ben Mussa, with this system they create bidiversity, which means better sil, healthier crps and a bigger yield. The plantatin can generate 1.5 times mre yield, thus making mre mney than a farm that grws nly ne type f crp in the same space.
8．What phenmenn des the authr describe in paragraph 1?
A. Defrestatin.B. Desertificatin.C. Glbal warming.D. Urbanizatin.
9．Why did Sand t Green use agrfrestry?
A. T preserve the crp’s survival rate.B. T prtect water frm pllutin.
C. T make a new type f sil.D. T help peple adapt t climate change.
10．What can we learn abut Sand t Green?
A. It aims t plant mre trees.B. It earns a gd reputatin.
C. It develps new plants.D. It prduces gd results.
11．What des the underlined phrase “scale up” mean in paragraph 5?
A. Expand.B. Object.C. Refer.D. Prefer.
A sugar replacement called erythritl (赤蘚糖醇) has been linked t bld cltting (血液凝固), strke, heart attack and death, accrding t a new study.
“The degree f risk was nt mdest,” said lead study authr Dr. Stanley Hazen. Peple with existing risk factrs fr heart disease will be twice as likely t experience the risk if they have the highest levels f erythritl in their bld. Erythritl appears t be causing bld platelets (血小板) t clt mre readily. Clts can break ff and travel t the heart r the brain, causing a heart attack r a strke.
Erythritl is a sugar alchl, a carb fund naturally in many fruits and vegetables. Hwever, artificially manufactured in massive quantities, erythritl has becme an extremely ppular additive t lw-carb prducts.
The discvery f the cnnectin between erythritl and cardivascular issues was purely accidental. Hazen’s research had a simple gal: find unknwn chemicals r cmpunds in a persn’s bld. T d s, the team analyzed 1,157 bld samples. “We fund this substance that seemed t play a big rle, but we didn’t knw it was erythritl, a sweetener until later,” said Hazen. T cnfirm the findings, the team tested anther tw batches f bld samples and fund that higher levels f erythritl were cnnected t a greater risk f heart attack, strke r death within three years.
“This certainly sunds an alarm,” said Dr. Andrew Freeman, directr f a hspital inDenver. “Science needs t take a deeper div e int erythritl and in a hurry, because this substance is widely available right nw. If it’s harmful, we shuld knw abut it.”
Hazen agreed,“I nrmally dn’t get up n a pedestal (崇高地位) and sund the alarm, but this is smething that I think we need t be lking at carefully.”
12．Abut the risk, what des Hazen’s wrd in paragraph 2 mean?
A. It is nt wrth cnsidering.B. It is remved by erythritl.
C. It shuld nt be underestimated.D. It is just present in peple with disease.
13．What d we knw abut erythritl?
A. Its quality is uncertain.B. It has been used widely in fd.
C. It is manufactured by artists.D. It mainly exists in fruits.
14．What can be cncluded frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. Erythritl is nt available t peple.
B. Hazen likes warning peple abut ptential dangers.
C. Peple have realized that erythritl is dangerus.
D. Further research shuld be dne n erythritl.
15．What can be the best title fr the text?
A. The Accidental Discvery f a New Sweetener
B. The Ptential Health Risks f Erythritl Uncvered
C. The Rise f Erythritl as a Ppular Sugar Substitute
D. The Surprising Benefits f Erythritl in Diet Prducts
二、七選五
16．Yu knw yu really want t get gd grades.Yur parents have put the pressure n yu, r yu’ve prmised that yu’ll d better. ① _________ If yu wrk t find a fcused mindset and establish a study schedule, yu can cut ut the distractins yu have cntrl ver and minimize the nes yu can’t stp cmpletely.
Tune ut specific distractins as yu ntice them. Say yu’re trying t study in the library and yu keep getting distracted by smene texting. Take nte f this specific distractin and then tell yurself yu’re ging t vercme it. ② _________ And eventually yu’ll n lnger ntice it.
Give yurself a break. ③ _________ S it’s n surprise if yu find yurself distracted frm studying by thughts abut a lt f ther things. Rather than acting like all f thse ther needs dn’t exist, give yurself an utlet.Spend five minutes thinking abut everything that is n yur plate, but then tell yurself that it’s time t fcus n the main task — studying.
Priritize yur studying by setting a main gal.When yu’ve gt an exam cming up, it’s easy t think yu need t study everything. If yu want t make things mre manageable and be less prne t becming distracted, d as fllws: ④ _________
⑤ _________ Sme peple imagine that kncking ut several things at nce means yu can wrk faster.Hwever, ding yur hmewrk while watching TV r shpping nline will cause yu t lse yur fcus. S cncentrate n a piece f wrk at a time instead.
If yu fllw the abve cnsistently, yu’ll find that yu gradually spend less and less time being distracted.
A. Life can get really busy.
B. Dn’t attempt t multitask.
C. Put ff the easier tasks instead.
D. But yu are likely unable t cncentrate.
E. Break things dwn and establish just ne primary gal.
F. Smetimes stepping away frm studies can be mre beneficial.
G. Keep ding this every time smething taking yur attentin away cmes up.
三、完形填空（20空）
Sme f the classrms at Taft Elementary in Santa Clara, Califrnia, have ne flaw in cmmn. They dn’t have 1 . Frmer schl psychlgist Ernest Rdriguez thught the lack f windws des 2 kids, because research shws being in and arund nature 3 anxiety and has benefits fr students.
Rdriguez, wh is nw a park ranger (護林員) n Suthern Califrnia’s Catalina Island 4 knws the impact nature has n mental health, and began 5 n his passin—landscape phtgraphy. It was during his training t becme a park ranger that he learned a fact that 6 with him. “Kids wh have views ut windws t trees d 7 academically, emtinally and creatively. And mre kids 8 and g t cllege,” he said. “I thught, why isn’t this being used?”
Rdriguez uses his phtgraphy skills t take 360 degree 9 f tree canpies (樹冠), then he prints them and 10 them nt ceiling tiles. “S when yu 11 it feels like yu’re sitting under a tree. And it has all thse 12 f the science that helps calm yu dwn, fcus and cmmunicate,” he said.
A student named Octavi thinks trees bring him 13 . “It is surprising t see because any time yu’re inside f a schl, yu mstly dn’t see 14 r trees. But nw it’s 15 t see that there are trees here,” Octavi said. “I wuld say that it’s pretty great and 16 .”
Rdriguez says if yu still dn’t believe in the science behind the art, yu can 17 it yurself by ging utside and lking up at the trees. “This is a(n) 18 f bth my careers as a schl psychlgist and a phtgrapher,” Rdriguez said. “And t be 19 t create imagery—and spend time ut in nature creating imagery that I knw is ging t help peple—is really a 20 ”.
17．A. desksB. windwsC. curtainsD. blackbards
18．A. spilB. attractC. affectD. frighten
19．A. sharesB. killsC. arusesD. eases
20．A. deeplyB. rarelyC. simplyD. curiusly
21．A. dependingB. callingC. fcusingD. cunting
22．A. stuckB. fughtC. filledD. cncerned
23．A. quickerB. betterC. earlierD. wrse
24．A. registerB. reviseC. skipD. graduate
25．A. waysB. viewsC. shtsD. angles
26．A. takesB. mvesC. thrwsD. fits
27．A. lk upB. get inC. cme utD. sit dwn
28．A. cntentsB. elementsC. typesD. pwers
29．A. creditB. trubleC. peaceD. fun
30．A. changesB. signsC. bksD. plants
31．A. amazingB. nrmalC. cmmnD. scarce
32．A. cnvenientB. sacredC. practicalD. beautiful
33．A. drawB. tryC. takeD. study
34．A. designB. marriageC. hnrD. image
35．A. cnfidentB. likelyC. ableD. happy
36．A. mtivatrB. privacyC. matterD. questin
四、短文填空
37．① _________ is difficult t determine the exact rigin f Internatinal Wmen’s Day (IWD). Hwever, it is knwn that in 1908, 15,000 wmen marched thrugh New Yrk City, ② _________ (demand) vting rights, better pay and③ _________ (shrt) wrking hurs.
④ _________ fllwing year, the first Natinal Wmen’s Day was bserved in the US n February 28, accrding t an annuncement by the Scialist Party f America. In 1910, Clara Zetkin, leader f the Wmen’s Office fr the Scial Demcratic Party in Germany, ⑤ _________ (prpse) the idea f Internatinal Wmen’s Day. She suggested that every cuntry celebrate Internatinal Wmen’s Day⑥ _________ ne day every year t push fr their demands. A meeting f ver 100 wmen frm 17 cuntries agreed t her suggestin, and Internatinal Wmen’s Day was frmed. In 1911, March 19th marked the first⑦ _________ (celebrate) f Internatinal Wmen’s Day in Austria, Denmark, Germany⑧ _________ Switzerland.
In 1913, the decisin was made⑨ _________ (change) the date t March 8th, and it has been celebrated n that day ever since. The United Natins nly recgnized the day in 1975. Since then, a theme⑩ _________ (create) fr Internatinal Wmen’s Day.
五、短文改錯
38．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。
I am writing t cngratulate yu at yur being admitted t Peking University, which has gd reputatin in China.
T helping yu better adapt yurself t Chinese life, I wuld like t ffer yu sme suggestin as fllws. First, it is high recmmended t devte yurself t speak Chinese s that yu can cmmunicate with thers freely. Secnd it is essential fr yu t make many friends in China and take part in many sciety activities s that yu will learn it far mre abut Chinese culture. At last, please tell me yur arrival time. I just can’t wait t meet them.
Cngratulatins t yu again and I hpe yu were ready fr Chinese university life physically and mentally!
六、書面表達
39．假定你是李華，上周你校開展了“中國傳統(tǒng)文化周”活動，你的外國朋友Eric很感興趣。請給他寫封郵件介紹此次活動，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 活動內(nèi)容；
2. 活動反響。
注意：
1. 詞數(shù)100左右；
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
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參考答案
1．答案：C
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“It is knwn that when yu are in yur thirties, yu will begin t lse muscle mass. This lss actually cntributes t achy jints, the increased risk f injury, and the “middle-age spread” we all fear. What’s mre, the lder yu get, the faster muscle mass lses. (眾所周知，當(dāng)你在30多歲的時候，你會開始失去肌肉。這種損失實際上會導(dǎo)致關(guān)節(jié)疼痛，受傷的風(fēng)險增加，以及我們都害怕的“中年傳播”。更重要的是，你年紀(jì)越大，肌肉流失得越快。)”可知，隨著年齡的增長，人們將經(jīng)歷肌肉損失。故選C。
2．答案：B
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“Strength training can help yu build muscles, make yu strng, increase yur staying pwer and make everyday activities easier. By cmbining strength and pwer training exercises, yu’ll nt nly get strnger, but als imprve yur reactin speed. As yu grw lder, that’s critical because it can help prevent falls. Here is a bk, Strength and Pwer Training fr All Ages, fr yur reference. (力量訓(xùn)練可以幫助你鍛煉肌肉，使你強壯，增加你的耐力，使日?；顒痈菀?。通過結(jié)合力量和力量訓(xùn)練，你不僅會變得更強壯，還會提高你的反應(yīng)速度。隨著年齡的增長，這是至關(guān)重要的，因為它可以幫助防止跌倒。這里有一本書，《所有年齡段的力量和力量訓(xùn)練》，供你參考。)”可知，《所有年齡段的力量和力量訓(xùn)練》主要教人們建立一個健全的身體。故選B。
3．答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了力量鍛煉和《所有年齡段的力量和力量訓(xùn)練》這本書對力量鍛煉的好處，結(jié)合文章最后一段“Get a cpy, start training, and then yu’ll discver a whle new self. (買一本，開始訓(xùn)練，然后你會發(fā)現(xiàn)一個全新的自己)”推知，本文是一則宣傳書的廣告。故選D。
4．答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“With its pretty sandy beaches, deep blue waters and year-rund sunshine, it’s clear t see why St. Pete is a ppular turist destinatin amng travelers frm arund the wrld.(有著美麗的沙灘、深藍(lán)的海水和全年的陽光，很清楚為什么圣彼得是世界各地游客的熱門旅游目的地。)”可知，作者一家選擇到St.Pete Beach度假是因為它擁有美麗的沙灘、深藍(lán)的海水和終年的陽光。故選D項。
5．答案：B
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“We were sn greeted by a man ffering us the use f ne f his luxury beach cabanas (小屋) fr the day at a very reasnable price and settled int a full day f relaxatin. (很快，迎接我們的是一位男士，他以非常合理的價格為我們提供了一天的豪華海灘小屋，讓我們放松了一整天。)”可知，作者一家選擇在沙灘小屋度過一天是因為小屋的主人給了一個經(jīng)濟實惠的報價。故選B項。
6．答案：C
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“The nly hardship was trying t decide where t dine each evening with s many tasty ptins!(唯一的困難是決定每天晚上在哪里吃飯，有這么多美味的選擇！)”可知，因為有太多美味的食物可選擇，所以他們很難決定去哪里吃飯。故選C項。
7．答案：B
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“On ur return jurney, we were excited t discver we were being fllwed by ver a dzen dlphins, wh were taking turns t leap ut f the water playfully in the wake f ur bat.(在我們的回程中，我們很興奮地發(fā)現(xiàn)身后跟著十幾只海豚，它們在我們的船后面輪流頑皮地跳出水面。)”可知，在回程中，作者一家興奮地發(fā)現(xiàn)有十幾只海豚跟在他們船后輪番跳出水面嬉戲。故選B項。
8．答案：B
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Climate change is causing mre areas t turn int deserts. This issue is affecting the lives f 250 millin peple as land that used t be gd fr farming becmes dry and unprductive. Arund ne-third f the wrld’s land is impacted, including regins in Africa, suthern Eurpe, Asia and America.”（氣候變化導(dǎo)致越來越多的地區(qū)變成沙漠。這一問題正在影響2.5億人的生活，因為過去適合耕種的土地變得干旱和貧瘠。全球約三分之一的土地受到影響，包括非洲、南歐、亞洲和美洲地區(qū)。）可知，作者在第一段描述了沙漠化的現(xiàn)象。故選B項。
9．答案：A
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“The slutin is using agrfrestry(農(nóng)林業(yè))t create a new kind f agriculture that is sustainable and that can be resilient(有適應(yīng)力的)in frnt f climate change.”（解決方案是利用農(nóng)林業(yè)來創(chuàng)造一種可持續(xù)的新型農(nóng)業(yè)，這種農(nóng)業(yè)可以在氣候變化面前具有彈性。）以及第三段中“The sil is regenerated using what Sand t Green calls “green manure”, a mixture that includes cmpst, bichar(生物炭)and micrrganisms that help the sil “wake up”.”（土壤的再生使用“從沙到綠”所謂的“綠肥”，這是一種混合物，包括堆肥、生物炭和微生物，可以幫助土壤“蘇醒”。）可知，沙改綠采用農(nóng)林業(yè)是因為可以保持作物的存活率。故選A項。
10．答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Amng the intercrpping herbs(草本植物)that have been successfully trialed are rsemary, geranium, vetiver and citrnella, which Ben Mussa describes as “very lw-maintenance and very high-prfit”.”（在已成功試驗的間作草藥中，有迷迭香、天竺葵、香根草和香茅，本·穆薩稱這些草藥“維護成本低，利潤高”。）可推知，從沙到綠，我們能了解到它產(chǎn)生了良好的效果。故選D項。
11．答案：A
解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第五段中“It says a site f that size wuld cst arund $475,000 t set up and wuld start bringing financial returns in abut five years.”（該公司表示，這種規(guī)模的網(wǎng)站將花費約47.5萬美元來建立，并將在大約五年內(nèi)開始帶來經(jīng)濟回報。）由此可知，此處為“從沙到綠”目前正在努力擴大到20公頃的商業(yè)用地。故可猜測劃線短語scale up為“擴大”的意思，結(jié)合選項A項Expand“擴大”意思一致。故選A項。
12．答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段““The degree f risk was nt mdest,” said lead study authr Dr. Stanley Hazen. Peple with existing risk factrs fr heart disease will be twice as likely t experience the risk if they have the highest levels f erythritl in their bld. Erythritl appears t be causing bld platelets(血小板)t clt mre readily. Clts can break ff and travel t the heart r the brain, causing a heart attack r a strke.”（該研究的主要作者斯坦利·哈森博士說：“風(fēng)險程度并不低?！比绻褐谐嗵\糖醇的含量達到最高水平，有心臟病風(fēng)險因素的人患心臟病的可能性會增加一倍。赤蘚糖醇似乎能使血小板更容易凝結(jié)。血塊會破裂并進入心臟或大腦，導(dǎo)致心臟病發(fā)作或中風(fēng)。）可推知，關(guān)于風(fēng)險，哈森在第二段的話是為了表明它不應(yīng)被低估。故選C項。
13．答案：B
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Erythritl is a sugar alchl, a carb fund naturally in many fruits and vegetables. Hwever, artificially manufactured in massive quantities, erythritl has becme an extremely ppular additive t lw-carb prducts.”（赤蘚糖醇是一種糖醇，是一種存在于許多水果和蔬菜中的天然碳水化合物。然而，大量人工制造的赤蘚糖醇已經(jīng)成為一種非常受歡迎的低碳水化合物產(chǎn)品添加劑。）可知，赤蘚糖醇它被廣泛應(yīng)用于食品中。故選B項。
14．答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““This certainly sunds an alarm,” said Dr. Andrew Freeman, directr f a hspital inDenver. “Science needs t take a deeper div e int erythritl and in a hurry, because this substance is widely available right nw. If it’s harmful, we shuld knw abut it.””（丹佛一家醫(yī)院的院長安德魯·弗里曼博士說：“這無疑敲響了警鐘?！薄翱茖W(xué)需要對赤蘚糖醇進行更深入的研究，而且要抓緊時間，因為這種物質(zhì)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)廣泛存在。如果它有害，我們應(yīng)該知道它?！保┛赏浦?，科學(xué)應(yīng)該對赤蘚糖醇進行進一步的研究。故選D項。
15．答案：B
解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“A sugar replacement called erythritl(赤蘚糖醇)has been linked t bld cltting(血液凝固), strke, heart attack and death, accrding t a new study.”（一項新的研究表明，一種名為赤蘚糖醇的糖替代品與血液凝固、中風(fēng)、心臟病發(fā)作和死亡有關(guān)。）可知，文章主要講的是研究表明，一種名為赤蘚糖醇的糖替代品與血液凝固、中風(fēng)、心臟病發(fā)作和死亡有關(guān)。故文章最好的標(biāo)題是“發(fā)現(xiàn)赤蘚糖醇的潛在健康風(fēng)險”。故選B項。
16．答案：①-⑤DGAEB
解析：①根據(jù)下文“If yu wrk t find a fcused mindset and establish a study schedule, yu can cut ut the distractins yu have cntrl ver and minimize the nes yu can’t stp cmpletely. (如果你努力找到一種專注的心態(tài)并制定一個學(xué)習(xí)時間表，你可以減少你可以控制的干擾，并盡量減少那些你無法完全停止的干擾。)”可知，下文講的是解決辦法，故空格處應(yīng)提出問題。D項“But yu are likely unable t cncentrate. (但你可能無法集中注意力。)”提出“無法專注”這一問題，承上啟下，符合語境，故選D項。
②根據(jù)本段主旨句“Tune ut specific distractins as yu ntice them. (當(dāng)你注意到特定的干擾時，就要排除它們。)”可知，本段主要講要排除干擾。根據(jù)下文“And eventually yu’ll n lnger ntice it. (最終你將不再注意到它。)”可知，空格處與下文是順承關(guān)系，下文講的是做某事的結(jié)果，故空格處應(yīng)講該做什么。G項“Keep ding this every time smething taking yur attentin away cmes up. (每次出現(xiàn)讓你分心的事情時，都要堅持這樣做。)”承上啟下，且符合本段主旨，故選G項。
③根據(jù)本段主旨句“Give yurself a break. (讓自己休息一下。)”可知，本段主要講要讓自己休息。根據(jù)下文“S it’s n surprise if yu find yurself distracted frm studying by thughts abut a lt f ther things. (所以，如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被很多其他事情的想法分散了學(xué)習(xí)的注意力，也就不足為奇了。)”可知，空格處與下文是因果關(guān)系。A項“Life can get really busy. (生活會變得非常忙碌。)”是注意力被分散的原因，故選A項。
④根據(jù)本段主旨句“Priritize yur studying by setting a main gal. (通過設(shè)定一個主要目標(biāo)來優(yōu)先考慮你的學(xué)習(xí)。)”可知，本段主要講要設(shè)定一個主要目標(biāo)。根據(jù)上文“If yu want t make things mre manageable and be less prne t becming distracted, d as fllws: (如果你想讓事情更易于管理，不太容易分心，請按照以下步驟進行：)”可知，下文應(yīng)承接上文講具體做法。E項“Break things dwn and establish just ne primary gal. (把事情分解，只確立一個主要目標(biāo)。)”承接上文且符合本段主旨。ne primary gal與主旨句中的a main gal呼應(yīng)。故選E項。
⑤空格處為本段主旨句。根據(jù)下文“Sme peple imagine that kncking ut several things at nce means yu can wrk faster.Hwever, ding yur hmewrk while watching TV r shpping nline will cause yu t lse yur fcus.S cncentrate n a piece f wrk at a time instead. (有些人認(rèn)為一次搞定幾件事意味著你可以更快地工作。然而，在看電視或網(wǎng)上購物時做家庭作業(yè)會導(dǎo)致你失去注意力。所以一次只專注于一件工作。)”可知，本段主要講要一次專注一件事情。B項“Dn’t attempt t multitask. (不要試圖一心多用。)”最能概括本段主旨，故選B項。
17．答案：B
解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們沒有窗戶。A. desks桌子；B. windws窗戶；C. curtains窗簾；D. blackbards黑板。根據(jù)下文“the lack f windws”可知，那兒的教室沒有窗戶。故選B。
18．答案：C
解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：前學(xué)校心理學(xué)家Ernest Rdriguez認(rèn)為，沒有窗戶確實會影響孩子，因為研究表明，在大自然中或大自然周圍可以緩解焦慮，對學(xué)生有好處。A. spil破壞；B. attract吸引；C. affect影響；D. frighten使驚嚇，使驚恐。根據(jù)下文“has benefits fr students”可知，在大自然中或大自然周圍對學(xué)生好，所以是對孩子有影響。故選C。
19．答案：D
解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：前學(xué)校心理學(xué)家Ernest Rdriguez認(rèn)為，沒有窗戶確實會影響孩子，因為研究表明，在大自然中或大自然周圍可以緩解焦慮，對學(xué)生有好處。A. shares分享；B. kills殺死；C. aruses喚醒；D. eases緩解。根據(jù)下文“has benefits fr students”可知，在大自然中或大自然周圍對學(xué)生有好處，肯定是可以緩解焦慮。故選D。
20．答案：A
解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Rdriguez現(xiàn)在是南加州卡塔利娜島的一名公園護林員，他深知大自然對心理健康的影響，并開始專注于他的愛好——風(fēng)景攝影。A. deeply深深地；B. rarely很少；C. simply僅僅，只；D. curiusly好奇地。根據(jù)下文“knws the impact nature has n mental health”可知，他深深地知道大自然對心理健康的影響。故選A。
21．答案：C
解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Rdriguez現(xiàn)在是南加州Catalina島的一名公園護林員，他深知大自然對心理健康的影響，并開始專注于他的愛好——風(fēng)景攝影。A. depending依靠；B. calling打電話；C. fcusing集中；D. cunting數(shù)數(shù)。根據(jù)下文“n his passin—landscape phtgraphy”可知，他專注于他的愛好——風(fēng)景攝影，fcus n意為“專注于”。故選C。
22．答案：A
解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在他接受訓(xùn)練成為一名護林員的過程中，他學(xué)到了一個讓他終生難忘的事實。A. stuck粘，貼；B. fught與……作斗爭；C. filled（使）充滿，占滿；D. cncerned使憂慮，使擔(dān)心。根據(jù)上文“a fact”和下文“with him”可知，在他接受訓(xùn)練成為一名護林員的過程中，他學(xué)到了一個讓他終生難忘的事實，stick with sb.意為“緊跟著某人”。故選A。
23．答案：B
解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：能看到窗外樹木的孩子在學(xué)業(yè)、情感和創(chuàng)造力上都表現(xiàn)得更好。A. quicker更快地；B. better更好地；C. earlier更早地；D. wrse更差地。根據(jù)下文“g t cllege”可知，能看到窗外樹木的孩子在學(xué)業(yè)上表現(xiàn)更好。故選B。
24．答案：D
解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：更多的孩子畢業(yè)并進入大學(xué)。A. register注冊；B. revise修改；C. skip跳過；D. graduate畢業(yè)。根據(jù)下文“and g t cllege”可知，孩子是先畢業(yè)，然后進入大學(xué)。故選D。
25．答案：C
解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Rdriguez用他的攝影技巧拍攝了360度的樹冠，然后他將它們打印出來并安裝在天花板上。A. ways方法；B. views觀點；C. shts照片；D. angles角度。根據(jù)上文“uses his phtgraphy skills”可知，羅德里格斯用他的攝影技巧拍攝了360度的樹冠，空格處意為“照片”。故選C。
26．答案：D
解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Rdriguez用他的攝影技巧拍攝了360度的樹冠，然后他將它們打印出來并安裝在天花板上。A. takes拿走；B. mves移動；C. thrws扔；D. fits安裝。根據(jù)下文“nt ceiling tiles”可知，他把打印出來的照片安裝在天花板上。故選D。
27．答案：A
解析：考查動詞短語辨析。句意：所以當(dāng)你抬頭看的時候，你會覺得自己坐在樹下。A. lk up抬頭看；B. get in進入；C. cme ut出來；D. sit dwn坐下。根據(jù)下文“it feels like yu’re sitting under a tree”可知，抬頭看時會覺得自己坐在樹下。故選A。
28．答案：B
解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它具有所有這些科學(xué)元素，可以幫助你冷靜下來，集中注意力和溝通。A. cntents內(nèi)容；B. elements元素；C. types類型；D. pwers權(quán)力。根據(jù)下文“f the science”可知，它具有所有這些科學(xué)元素。故選B。
29．答案：C
解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一位名叫Octavi的學(xué)生認(rèn)為樹木給他帶來了平靜。A. credit信用；B. truble麻煩；C. peace平靜；D. fun樂趣。根據(jù)上文“helps calm yu dwn”可知，這個學(xué)生認(rèn)為樹木給他帶來了平靜。故選C。
30．答案：D
解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這很令人驚訝，因為無論何時你在學(xué)校里，你都看不到植物或樹木。A. changes改變；B. signs標(biāo)識；C. bks書；D. plants植物。根據(jù)下文“r trees”可知，無論何時你在學(xué)校里，你都看不到植物或樹木。故選D。
31．答案：A
解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但現(xiàn)在看到這里有樹真是太神奇了。A. amazing令人驚奇的；B. nrmal正常的；C. cmmn常見的；D. scarce稀有的，少見的。根據(jù)上文“It is surprising t see”可知，現(xiàn)在看到這里有樹真是太神奇了。故選A。
32．答案：D
解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我會說它非常棒，非常漂亮。A. cnvenient方便的；B. sacred神圣的；C. practical實用的；D. beautiful漂亮的。根據(jù)上文“there are trees here”和“it’s pretty great”可知，樹非常漂亮。故選D。
33．答案：B
解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Rdriguez說，如果你仍然不相信藝術(shù)背后的科學(xué)，你可以自己去外面看看樹木。A. draw畫畫；B. try嘗試；C. take拿走；D. study學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)下文“by ging utside and lking up at the trees”可知，你可以通過自己去外面看看樹木來試試。故選B。
34．答案：B
解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我作為學(xué)校心理學(xué)家和攝影師兩種職業(yè)的結(jié)合。A. design設(shè)計；B. marriage結(jié)合；C. hnr榮譽；D. image圖像。根據(jù)下文“bth my careers as a schl psychlgist and a phtgrapher”可知，這是作為學(xué)校心理學(xué)家和攝影師兩種職業(yè)的結(jié)合。故選B。
35．答案：C
解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：能夠創(chuàng)造圖像，花時間在大自然中創(chuàng)造圖像，我知道這將有助于人們，這真的是一種動力。A. cnfident自信的；B. likely可能的；C. able能夠的；D. happy高興的。根據(jù)下文“spend time ut in nature creating imagery”以及第三段“Rdriguez uses his phtgraphy skills”可知，此處表示“他能夠創(chuàng)造圖像”。故選C。
36．答案：A
解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：能夠創(chuàng)造圖像，花時間在大自然中創(chuàng)造圖像，我知道這將有助于人們，這真的是一種動力。A. mtivatr動力；B. privacy隱私；C. matter物質(zhì)；D. questin問題。根據(jù)上文“spend time ut in nature creating imagery that I knw is ging t help peple”可知，他創(chuàng)造的圖像能夠幫助到人，這對于他來說是一種動力。故選A。
37．答案：①It②demanding③shrter④The⑤prpsed⑥n⑦celebratin⑧and⑨t(yī) change⑩has been created
解析：①考查代詞。句意：國際婦女節(jié)的確切起源很難確定。It is difficult t d sth.是固定句型，意為“做某事是困難的”，因此空格處是It作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式短語。故填I(lǐng)t。
②考查非謂語動詞。句意：然而，眾所周知，在1908年，15,000名婦女在紐約市游行，要求投票權(quán)，提高工資和縮短工作時間。句中謂語是marched，空格處用非謂語動詞，wmen和demand之間是主謂關(guān)系，因此空格處用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動，故填demanding。
③考查比較級。句意：然而，眾所周知，在1908年，15,000名婦女在紐約市游行，要求投票權(quán)，提高工資和縮短工作時間。由前面的better可知，空格處用比較級shrter。故填shrter。
④考查介詞。句意：第二年，根據(jù)美國社會黨的聲明，美國在2月28日慶祝了第一個全國婦女節(jié)。the fllwing year“第二年”作狀語，位于句首，首字母大寫，故填I(lǐng)n。
⑤考查時態(tài)。句意：1910年，德國社會民主黨婦女辦公室負(fù)責(zé)人Clara Zetkin提出了設(shè)立國際婦女節(jié)的想法。由In 1910可知，句子時態(tài)是一般過去時，空格處用過去式，故填prpsed。
⑥考查介詞。句意：她建議各國在每年的某一天慶祝國際婦女節(jié)，以推動她們的要求。day前要用介詞n，故填n。
⑦考查名詞。句意：1911年3月19日，奧地利、丹麥、德國和瑞士首次慶祝國際婦女節(jié)。the first后要跟名詞，celebrate的名詞是celebratin，意為“慶?！保蓆he first可知，空格處用單數(shù)，故填celebratin。
⑧考查連詞。句意：1911年3月19日，奧地利、丹麥、德國和瑞士首次慶祝國際婦女節(jié)。Austria, Denmark, Germany和Switzerland之間是并列關(guān)系，因此空格處用and表并列，故填and。
⑨考查不定式。句意：1913年，決定將日期改為3月8日，從那以后就一直在這一天慶祝。空格處用不定式作decisin的后置定語，故填t change。
⑩考查時態(tài)，語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：從那時起，國際婦女節(jié)就有了一個主題。由Since then可知，句子時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時，主題是被創(chuàng)造，因此空格處用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)，主語theme是單數(shù)，因此空格處是has been created。故填has been created。
38．答案：I am writing t cngratulate yu yur being admitted t Peking University, which has gd reputatin in China.
T yu better adapt yurself t Chinese life, I wuld like t ffer yu sme as fllws. First, it is recmmended t devte yurself t Chinese s that yu can cmmunicate with thers freely. Secnd it is essential fr yu t make many friends in China and take part in many activities s that yu will learn far mre abut Chinese culture. At last, please tell me yur arrival time. I just can’t wait t meet .
Cngratulatins t yu again and I hpe yu ready fr Chinese university life physically and mentally!
解析：①考查介詞。句意：我寫信祝賀你被北京大學(xué)錄取，這所大學(xué)在中國享有盛譽。cngratulate sb. n sth.是固定短語，意為“因為……祝賀某人”，故將at改為n。
②考查冠詞。句意：我寫信祝賀你被北京大學(xué)錄取，這所大學(xué)在中國享有盛譽。reputatin是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠詞，gd是輔音音素開頭，因此不定冠詞用a，故在gd前加a。
③考查不定式。句意：為了幫助你更好地適應(yīng)中國的生活，我想給你一些建議如下。根據(jù)語境可知，句子表示“為了幫助你更好地適應(yīng)中國的生活，我想給你一些建議如下”，用不定式t help表目的，故將helping改為help。
④考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：為了幫助你更好地適應(yīng)中國的生活，我想給你一些建議如下。sme后要用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，故將suggestin改為suggestins。
⑤考查副詞。句意：為了幫助你更好地適應(yīng)中國的生活，我想給你一些建議如下。修飾動詞recmmended要用副詞highly，故將high改為highly。
⑥考查動名詞。句意：首先，強烈建議你致力于說漢語，這樣你就可以自由地與他人交流。devte neself t ding是固定短語，意為“致力于做某事”，故將speak改為speaking。
⑦考查形容詞。句意：其次，你在中國交很多朋友，參加許多社會活動，這樣你就能更多地了解中國文化，這是至關(guān)重要的。修飾activities要用形容詞，sciety的形容詞是scial，意為“社會的”，scial activity意為“社會活動”，故將sciety改為scial。
⑧考查代詞。句意：其次，你在中國交很多朋友，參加許多社會活動，這樣你就能更多地了解中國文化，這是至關(guān)重要的。learn abut意為“了解”，it是多余的，故去掉it。
⑨考查代詞。句意：我等不及想見你了。此處表示“我等不及想見你了”，用yu作meet的賓語，故將them改為yu。
⑩考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：再次祝賀你，希望你在身心上都為中國的大學(xué)生活做好了準(zhǔn)備！句子描述現(xiàn)在的事情，時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是yu，因此后面跟are，故將were改為are。
39．答案： Dear Eric,
Hw are yu these days? Last week, the Chinese Traditinal Culture Week was held in ur schl successfully. Aware that yu are interested in it, I’d like t share with yu a brief intrductin.
This cultural event was held in the Art Building frm September 21st t 25th, which lasted fr a week. Aimed at prmting traditinal culture and enrich students’ life, varius activities was arranged, including lectures n Chinese festivals, exhibitins f Chinese artwrks, Beijing Opera perfrmances and slving lantern riddles.
The event has wn gd cmments. By taking part in these activities, nt nly can we have fun, but als we were ffered a glden chance t further explre ur culture.
Yurs,
Li Hua
解析：1.詞匯積累
對……感興趣：be interested in→take an interest in
各種各樣的：varius→all kinds f
參加：take part in→participate in
機會：chance→pprtunity
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：Last week, the Chinese Traditinal Culture Week was held in ur schl successfully.
拓展句：Last week, a cultural event, which was called the Chinese Traditinal Culture Week, was held in ur schl successfully.
[高分句型1]This cultural event was held in the Art Building frm September 21st t 25th, which lasted fr a week.（運用了which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句）
[高分句型2]By taking part in these activities, nt nly can we have fun, but als we were ffered a glden chance t further explre ur culture.（運用了動名詞短語作賓語和部分倒裝）

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