
1.(7.5分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)The secnd﹣largest city in Switzerland after Zurich Geneva has a desirable psitin n the suthwestern end f Lake Geneva.Visitrs t Geneva will find it an elegant city with extremely attractive scenery.Here are sme best things t d in Geneva.
Catch the Spray(水霧) Frm the Jet d'Eau
Made in 1886 t cntrl the utflw f water frm a nearby pwer statin,the Jet d'Eau (water jet) sn became a symbl f the city.It shts water nearly 140 meters int the air.Unless winds are t strng,the Jet d'Eau pens every day and lights up at night.If yu get clse enugh,yu'll get hit with a refreshing spray.
Tur the Palais des Natins
Built in the 1930s,the Palais des Natins (Palace f Natins) is the secnd﹣largest UN headquarters(聯(lián)合國(guó)總部).It's ne f the largest diplmatic cnference(外交會(huì)議) centers glbally.It's a big building lcated in Ariana Park.Visitrs are free t wander the grunds r make an hur﹣lng guided tur f several f the buildings.
Take a Break at the Jardin Anglais &the Flwer Clck
All rads in Geneva seem t lead t the Jardin Anglais﹣the English Garden﹣the small,prettily planted lakefrnt garden in the center f Geneva.Crwds gather here fr the flwer clck,an versized timepiece planted with seasnal flwers.Plenty f sitting areas,hundred﹣year﹣ld shade trees,and a central funtain make this a relaxing place t take a break frm sightseeing.
Walk alng the Lakefrnt and Riverside
The Jardin Anglais is just ne place t admire the lake and the Jet d'Eau.Visitrs can wander alng the entire lakefrnt.There are 6 miles f walking and bike paths alng the lakefrnt.Swans pass by during the day,and at night,the riverfrnt and surrunding buildings are rmantically lit.
(1)When is the Jet d'Eau clsed t visitrs?
A.On weekend nights.
B.On high windy days.
C.On cld winter days.
D.On natinal hlidays.
(2)What des the Palais des Natins ffer visitrs?
A.Paid tickets t Ariana Park.
B.Bike paths fr ging cycling.
C.Guided turs f its buildings.
D.A chance t sit in n its meetings.
(3)What can visitrs d at the Jardin Anglais?
A.Get t knw Geneva's histry.
B.Appreciate the flwer clck.
C.Plant flwers in the garden.
D.Take phts with animals.
2.(10分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)Anne Hidalg,the mayr(市長(zhǎng)) f Paris,F(xiàn)rance,has a gal.She wants t clean the Seine making the river swimmable by 2024 when the city will hst the Olympic Games.It is a big task since it has been illegal t swim in the river fr nearly100 years.
Lucky fr Hidalg,11﹣year﹣ld Raphael is n the case.Fr almst tw years nw,Raphael has spent nearly every weekend fishing rubbish ut f the river.Wrking with his dad,it's nt unusual fr them t catch an entire tn f rubbish in a single day.
The rubbish can include anything. "I always knew there were things at the bttm f the water,but nt t the pint f bicycles.Hnestly,it did shck me,Raphael said.He's als fund sme mre bjects ut f the way,including a camera,jewelry,and even a knife frm the 1800s.He's als shared them n his Instagram accunt.
In January 2020,Raphael and his dad went t a bridge in Western Paris fr their first catch.Raphael said, "At first,it was just a leisurely weekend activity.But nce I saw just hw much garbage was buried there at the bttm f the river it became like a real jb."
Raphael was even awarded the Medal f Paris fr his effrts.But he admits that getting peple t take actin in the fight against pllutin has been difficult.There are definitely enugh f us wanting t clean up the planet.But when it cmes t taking actin,hardly anyne des.Even smething as simple as picking up cigarette butts and placing them in the trash culd make a huge difference.
Still,he said he was prud f his prgress in the last tw years.A part f the Seine is nw nticeably clearer than the rest f the river.Raphael's nt sure if he can make the entire Seine clear by the 2024 Olympics.He des hpe he'll be ne f the first t swim in the water nce it is safe.
(1)What has Raphael been ding n weekends in the past tw years?
A.Cleaning up the Seine.
B.Wrking fr the mayr.
C.Swimming in the Seine.
D.Ging fishing with his dad.
(2)What surprised Raphael during his activity?
A.Peple'? attentin t him.
B.The severity f the pllutin.
C.Unusual garbage discveries.
D.The great amunt f garbage.
(3)What des Raphael think is a challenge?
A.T find enugh trash.
B.T ask thers t jin him.
C.T keep up his activity.
D.T get himself recgnized.
(4)Hw des Raphael mst prbably feel abut his effrts?
A.Regretful.
B.Puzzled.
C.Cncerned.
D.Satisfied.
3.(10分)(2023秋?廣州期中)Sdas such as Cke r Pepsi are respnsible fr adding t health prblems like tth prblems and besity (肥胖).S health leaders have recmmended teens cut back n sugar﹣sweetened sdas.Hwever,their push may have had an unplanned result.Many f the advertisements aimed at teens shw fit athletes having sugar﹣sweetened sprts drinks.They make sprts drinks lk like a healthy chice fr teens cmpared t sdas.As a result,teens are turning t this kind f drink.
Scientists at Harvard University in Massachusetts fcused n teens,wh are cnsidered mre likely than yunger kids t buy their drinks.In 2015,22,000 high schl students were surveyed,and almst 6 in 10 f them reprted having at least ne sprts drink in the past week.That was up slightly frm 2010.The Harvard study fund that almst ne﹣third f teens drank ne t three sprts drinks in the previus week.Just ver 1 in10 reprted having fur t six drinks.Teens wh played n sprts teams were likely t have ne r mre sprts drinks each day.Bys were mre likely than girls t have the drinks,scientists fund.
The same was true fr teens wh watched mre than tw hurs f televisin.Scientists say they are cncerned because f ties between TV watching,ads,and besity.Experts say that many children dn't need a sprts drink that is full f carbhydrates (碳水化合物) and sweeteners. This especially applies t children sitting in frnt f a TV.The better ptin is water r unsweetened drinks.
"There is n reasn t have carbhydrates in sprts drinks unless yu are in a high﹣level game,said Nyree Dardarian,the leader f the Center fr Integrated Nutritin and Perfrmance. "Smene n a lng bike ride r in an all﹣day race might want t have ne.If children are playing fr 20 minutes,they just need water."
There are ther chices.Water and ranges wuld prvide all f the recmmended amunts f vitamin C fr kids.Other ideas include flavring water by adding fruit t it.Kids can als add a small amunt fjuice.
(1)What unplanned result may health leaders' recmmendatin cause?
A.Teenagers are turning t sprts drinks instead f sdas.
B.Teenagers are being cnfused by different ads f drinks.
C.Teenagers are buying mre sugar﹣sweetened sdas.
D.Teenagers are having mre health prblems.
(2)What is the Harvard study mainly abut?
A.Teenagers' favrite kinds f sprts drinks.
B.Teenagers' habits f having sprts drinks.
C.The influence f sprts drink ads n teens.
D.The grup with the greatest tendency t drink sprts drinks.
(3)What des the underlined wrd "This" in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A.Playing n sprts teams.
B.Preferring carbhydrates.
C.Needing n sprts drinks.
D.Suffering frm health prblems.
(4)What is implied in Nyree's wrds?
A.Sprts drinks are unsuitable fr children with light exercise.
B.Peple shuld give up sprts drinks with carbhydrates.
C.Sprts drinks are a better chice fr heavy exercisers.
D.Children shuld d mre utdr exercise.
4.(10分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中) The meticulusness(一絲不茍) that drives the craftsman's spirit,has made the arts f Japan famus wrldwide.But hw may this traditinal spirit f perfectinism,r kdawari,have wide﹣ranging influences n everyday life in mdern Japan?
Nagasawa Rsetsu was an ancient artist wh prduced Five Hundred Arhats.He drew the 500 chief fllwers f the Buddha in a wrk that measures just 3cm square,rughly the size f a pstage stamp.Yu'll need t take ut the magnifying glass(放大鏡) fr this ne!
Back t mdern﹣day Japan,the mst well﹣knwn mdern Japanese artist is Yayi Kusama.One f her mst representative wrks is her large﹣scale sptted pumpkin sculptures.Kusama has als prduced many hand﹣painted wrks with a level f detail that must have taken weeks,if nt mnths,t cmplete.Having suffered frm a disrder fr many decades,Kusama applies herself t painting detailed patterns as a kind f treatment;the repetitin invlved in creating the wrk allws her t keep cntrl f her mind.
When did kdawari,this Japanese's seeking f perfectin and devtin t detail begin?I suppse it was even as far back as the Heian perid,which began ver ne thusand years ag.In her The Pillw Bk,the curt lady Sei Shōngn tk it upn herself t write lists f bjects and situatins that she fund t be beautiful due t their perfectin.
Tday there are still many examples f this single﹣minded devtin t ne's wrk in Japan.Yu can find shps that nly prduce a single prduct,whether it be pickled vegetables,tfu,r Mchi sweets.It's ften said that at the best sushi restaurants,apprentice (學(xué)徒) chefs will ften be tasked fr many years with washing and cking the rice and perfecting this skill befre they are even allwed t pick up a knife t begin slicing fish.
This single﹣minded devtin t ne's craft,whether it be in the field f fine art and handicrafts,r at a lcal sushi restaurant,is surely ne f the defining characteristics f Japanese culture tday.
(1)What can we learn abut Five Hundred Arhats?
A.It culd reflect the artist's artistic habits.
B.It may need great craft skills t finish it.
C.It was drawn n a small stamp.
D.It was made with fine details.
(2)Why did Kusama start her hand﹣painting career?
A.T treat her illness in a peaceful way.
B.T make full use f her talent fr art.
C.T live a full life in her spare time.
D.T get instant fame as an artist.
(3)What d the examples in Japan tday intend t shw?
A.The uniqueness f Japanese fd.
B.The mst successful industry in Japan.
C.The exact demands fr apprentice chefs.
D.The ppularity f craftsman spirit in Japan.
(4)What can be the best title fr the text?
A.Wh are Japan's famus artists with craftsman spirit?
B.Craftsman spirit:a key part f Japanese culture.
C.Japan's fd industry:the past and the present.
D.Hw are Japan's art wrks prduced?
第二節(jié) 閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
5.(12.5分)(2023春?遼寧期中)There cmes a time when yur thughts uncntrllably mve twards the negative side.(1) Here are sme tips t turn yur negative mindset int a psitive ne.
Be respnsible fr yur wn actins.
If yu are always ready t blame thers and find thers' mistakes,then yu will be t busy pinting fingers at thers.(2) Taking respnsibility fr whatever yu d will help yu be ready t accept the result and then take cntrl ver negative thughts.
(3)
If yu dn't have anything t d then a lt f thughts jump up in yur mind.When yu waste yur time,it will undubtedly becme a reasn fr yur negative thughts.Yu shuld spend time n things that will actually give yu sme results,such as knwledge r inspiratin.Dn't hide behind mmentary pleasure.
Mve yur bdy.
Wrking withut a break will undubtedly have an impact n yur mental peace.Take sme time,shake yur bdy,and spend sme time n things yu like.(4) They will make yu feel happy and mre energetic.
Surrund yurself with psitive peple.
Yu shuld nt be surrunded by thse peple wh are always cmplaining,talking nnsense,r making yu feel bad.(5) Instead,spend mre time with thse peple wh are psitive and can encurage yu r inspire yu t make yur dream a reality.
A.Be prductive.
B.Step ut f yur cmfrt zne.
C.They can be singing,dancing,and many mre.
D.S dn't be afraid t learn smething new.
E.As a result,it will becme difficult t see yur wn faults.
F.It's easy t say that yu shuld think psitively,but it's difficult t put it int practice.
G.They will waste yur energy and yu wn't even realize when yu start thinking like them.
第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分15分)第一節(jié) 閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
6.(15分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中) My daughter,Hannah,was very anxius abut ging t sleep away camp.She was cnsidering(1) her decisin t attend since the new(2) wuld frce her t change her rutine.I knew I needed t(3) .her frm it s I tk her ut fr lunch.
During lunch Hannah sat acrss frm me,taking a lng deep breath.I saw the(4) lk in her eyes."Let me ask yu smething,"I said t her."(5) yu weren't afraid,wuld yu g t camp r stay hme?" She answered with(6) ,"Oh,fr sure I'd g camping.The nly thing that(7) me is the fact that I'm scared."Then I thught Hannah already had her answer.
It's(8) fr us t have the feeling f fear.We're afraid t fail,and interestingly,we are als ften afraid t succeed.Fear f failure(9) wrrying ur self﹣ esteem(自尊心) will be damaged.Fear f success is fr wrrying that we wn't match up t the(10) persn we becme when that change happens.
Years ag,I was yung and afraid t(11) address(向……講話(huà)) pwerful CEOs f Frtune500 cmpanies.When I was later presented with the(12) ,I clsed my eyes,std n stage and said yes befre I culd(13) myself t give it up.It was me wh gave a piece f my sul t the audience,s the real(14) shuld cme frm within.Try it,break any(15) and watch yurself rise t the ccasin.
第二節(jié) 閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
7.(15分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中) It's widely believed that the persimmn(柿子) is native t China.A gd persimmn at its peak will taste sweet and rich.
Fuping,a cunty in Shaanxi t the nrth f(1) Wein River;is a very famus persimmn prductin area in the wrld.Its natural envirnment is extremely(2) (suit) fr the planting f persimmns.The landscape is full f hills,the temperature difference between day and night is(3) ( particular) huge,and there's lts f sunshine.Thus,the persimmns(4) (prduce)there are amng the best in the wrld.After years f develpment,the verall area(5) persimmns are planted in Fuping is nw very large.
The persimmn drying seasn begins yearly in Octber and cntinues(6) weeks.Usually,the drying prcess is finished smetimes in the middle f December Thàdried persimmn,knwn as shibing ,then enters the market.The supply seasn is lng,(7) ( last) at least until the Chinese Spring Festival.The persimmn can be sld via nline platfrms(平臺(tái)),supermarkets,etc.,but many sellers nw have a(8) ( prefer) fr nline platfrms.Sme f the fruits are even exprted each year.
With the lcal gvernment's supprt,the persimmn industry is expected(9) ( have)a faster develpment and the lcals(10) ( becme) better ff sn.
單項(xiàng)選擇
8.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)It ften happens that a number f applicants with almst ______ qualificatins and experience all apply fr the same psitin.( )
A. passinateB. identical
C. ambitiusD. weekly
9.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)We are wrking n the ______ that it was a gas explsin.( )
A. capacityB. maximum
C. assumptinD. bjective
10.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)We need t ______ the frest.( )
A. preserveB. plishC. bendD. dminate
11.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)Her incme was ______ enugh t maintain ne child,let alne three.( )
A. tightlyB. ptentially
C. barelyD. gently
12.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)Can yu______ exactly what happened?( )
A.cmpriseB.pretendC.emplyD.recall
13.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)The cmpany is a(n)______ example f a small business that grew int a big ne.( )
A. utstandingB. btanical
C.illegalD. dmestic
14.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)Writing dwn yur prgress allws yu t bjectively ______ yur wrk.( )
A. insistB. evaluateC. banD. sweep
15.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)She dresses with casual ______ .( )
A. reputatinB. stability.
C. intelligenceD. elegance
16.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)Ellis is being examined by her ______ at the mment.( )
A. nvelistB. architectC. physicianD. client
17.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)There was a sudden change f heart and peple wanted their freign investrs t ______ their mney.( )
A. rejectB. analyseC. seekD. withdraw
18.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)______ was n Mnday night that all this happened.( )
A.ItB. ThatC. ThisD. What
19.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)The truble was ______ she lst her passprt.( )
A. whatB. ifC. thatD. which
20.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)Neither Mr.Rse nr Mr.Wd ______ available fr cmment yesterday.( )
A. wereB. wasC. areD. is
21.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)______ I believe yu r nt is unimprtant nw.( )
A. IfB. WhenC. WhetherD. Why
22.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中) ______ was very difficult getting everything ready in time.( )
A. WhatB. ItC. ThatD. This
23.(1分)(2009?陜西)I still remember _________ t the Famen Temple and what I saw there.( )
A.t takeB.t be taken
C.takingD.being taken
24.(1分)(2020秋?潮南區(qū)期末)I will never frget the day ________I jined the League.( )
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where
25.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)I'm ne f the bys ____ never late fr schl.( )
A.that isB.wh areC.wh amD.wh is
26.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中) Her sister,______ yu met at my hme,was a teacher f English.( )
A. whmB. thatC. which.D. what
27.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)There is a gentleman ______ t see yu.( )
A. askedB.a(chǎn)skingC. t askD. ask
28.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)These bks are fr students,______ mther language is nt English.( )
A. f whmB. thatC. whichD. whse
29.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)He is the nly persn______ I want t talk with.( )
A. thatB. whC. whichD. why
30.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)An expert,tgether with sme assistants,______ t help with this wrk.( )
A. was sentB. sentC. were sentD. have sent
31.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)This is the huse ______ he has lived in fr 15 years.( )
A. whereB. thatC. in whichD. when
32.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)Much ______ ,she came back hme.( )
A. discurageB. t discurage
C. discuragingD. discuraged
第三部分讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)(滿(mǎn)分25分)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫(xiě)的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。
33.(25分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中) Minnie lived with her mm in a fancy huse with tall glass windws.Thugh her mm wuld be able t buy her lts f beautiful things,nbdy can"buy"a dad.Althugh she was surrunded by a life f luxury,that was nt all she really wanted.
One day,when Minnie's teacher Mr.Thmpsn made a surprising annuncement in class,Minnie felt very upset.
"Kids,tmrrw is Father's Day!And at schl,we're all celebrating it by having breakfast with dads!All f yu get t bring yur dads r anyne yu lk up t as yur dad t schl tmrrw.We'll all sit in ne big circle,share funny stries,sing sngs,have breakfast tgether,and have lts f fun!"
"It's the wrst idea ever!"Minnie stuck her lip ut and crssed her arms.
Fr the rest f the day,all the kids culd talk abut was wh they were ging t bring t the class.Mst kids were talking up their fathers:businessmen,plicemen,engineers,and even an actr.A few thers were bringing their favrite uncles and grandfathers.Everybdy had smebdy wh was a father figure,except fr Minnie.By the time schl was ver,Minnie was exhausted(筋疲力盡的) frm aviding questins frm her classmates and was ne questin away frm bursting int tears.
As it turned ut,that final questin wuld cme frm the teacher, had nticed the light ging ut in Minnie's eyes ever since the "breakfast with dads"annuncement that day.And after schl,he sptted the sad little girl sitting alne by the schl gate,waiting fr her Mm t pick her up."Are yu all right,Minnie?"he asked,and the child hugged his legs and cried.
After getting hme that evening,Mr.Thmpsn culdn't shake ff the sadness he had seen n Minnie's face and the heartbreaking secret she had tld him.Then,Mr.Thmpsn had an idea.He put ut a pst n scial media,sharing Minnie's stry and asking fr a dad t vlunteer fr Minnie and shw up t schl the next day as her father figure.
Paragraph 1:
Mr.Thmpsn hped sme kind man wuld agree t the unusual request.
Paragraph 2:
The next day,Minnie went t schl dwn heartedly,nt knwing a big surprise was waiting fr her.
2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省深圳耀華學(xué)校高二(下)期中英語(yǔ)試卷
參考答案與試題解析
第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分37.5分)第一節(jié) 閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)
1.(7.5分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)The secnd﹣largest city in Switzerland after Zurich Geneva has a desirable psitin n the suthwestern end f Lake Geneva.Visitrs t Geneva will find it an elegant city with extremely attractive scenery.Here are sme best things t d in Geneva.
Catch the Spray(水霧) Frm the Jet d'Eau
Made in 1886 t cntrl the utflw f water frm a nearby pwer statin,the Jet d'Eau (water jet) sn became a symbl f the city.It shts water nearly 140 meters int the air.Unless winds are t strng,the Jet d'Eau pens every day and lights up at night.If yu get clse enugh,yu'll get hit with a refreshing spray.
Tur the Palais des Natins
Built in the 1930s,the Palais des Natins (Palace f Natins) is the secnd﹣largest UN headquarters(聯(lián)合國(guó)總部).It's ne f the largest diplmatic cnference(外交會(huì)議) centers glbally.It's a big building lcated in Ariana Park.Visitrs are free t wander the grunds r make an hur﹣lng guided tur f several f the buildings.
Take a Break at the Jardin Anglais &the Flwer Clck
All rads in Geneva seem t lead t the Jardin Anglais﹣the English Garden﹣the small,prettily planted lakefrnt garden in the center f Geneva.Crwds gather here fr the flwer clck,an versized timepiece planted with seasnal flwers.Plenty f sitting areas,hundred﹣year﹣ld shade trees,and a central funtain make this a relaxing place t take a break frm sightseeing.
Walk alng the Lakefrnt and Riverside
The Jardin Anglais is just ne place t admire the lake and the Jet d'Eau.Visitrs can wander alng the entire lakefrnt.There are 6 miles f walking and bike paths alng the lakefrnt.Swans pass by during the day,and at night,the riverfrnt and surrunding buildings are rmantically lit.
(1)When is the Jet d'Eau clsed t visitrs? B
A.On weekend nights.
B.On high windy days.
C.On cld winter days.
D.On natinal hlidays.
(2)What des the Palais des Natins ffer visitrs? C
A.Paid tickets t Ariana Park.
B.Bike paths fr ging cycling.
C.Guided turs f its buildings.
D.A chance t sit in n its meetings.
(3)What can visitrs d at the Jardin Anglais? B
A.Get t knw Geneva's histry.
B.Appreciate the flwer clck.
C.Plant flwers in the garden.
D.Take phts with animals.
【考點(diǎn)】應(yīng)用文;旅游觀光.
【答案】(1)﹣(3)BCB
【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹的是在瑞士第二大城市,優(yōu)雅而風(fēng)景迷人的日內(nèi)瓦要做的幾件最好的事情。
【解答】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Catch the Spray(水霧) Frm the Jet d'Eau部分中的Unless winds are t strng,the Jet d'Eau pens every day and lights up at night.(除非風(fēng)太大,否則Jet d 'Eau每天都營(yíng)業(yè),晚上也會(huì)亮燈。)可知,除非風(fēng)大,the Jet d'Eau每天都開(kāi)放,也就是說(shuō)在風(fēng)大的日子關(guān)閉。故選B項(xiàng)。
(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tur the Palais des Natins部分中的Visitrs are free t wander the grunds r make an hur﹣lng guided tur f several f the buildings.(游客可以自由漫步,或者在導(dǎo)游的帶領(lǐng)下參觀幾座建筑,時(shí)間長(zhǎng)達(dá)一小時(shí)。)可知,游客可以自由漫步,也可以由導(dǎo)游帶領(lǐng)參觀建筑,所以,the Palais des Natins提供給游客們的是在導(dǎo)游引導(dǎo)下參觀建筑。故選C項(xiàng)。
(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Take a Break at the Jardin Anglais &the Flwer Clck部分的Crwds gather here fr the flwer clck,an versized timepiece planted with seasnal flwers.(人們聚集在這里觀賞花鐘,這是一個(gè)種植了應(yīng)季花卉的超大時(shí)鐘。)可知,游客們可以在the Jardin Anglais欣賞花鐘。A.Get t knw Geneva's histry.了解日內(nèi)瓦的歷史;B.Appreciate the flwer clck.欣賞花鐘;C.Plant flwers in the garden.在花園里種花;D.Take phts with animals.和動(dòng)物一起拍照。故選B項(xiàng)。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】一、速讀全文,了解大意知主題。
閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力,考生必須在十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀,搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句,捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn),并且理清文章脈絡(luò),把握語(yǔ)篇實(shí)質(zhì)。
二、看題干,帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。
首先要掌握問(wèn)題的類(lèi)型,客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案;而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情基調(diào)等,這類(lèi)題必須經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次,了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息,然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀,對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性,提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。
三、邏輯推理,做好深層理解題。
在實(shí)際閱讀中,有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說(shuō)出來(lái),閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思,通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇邏輯關(guān)系,研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示,推敲作者的態(tài)度,理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理,不能就事論事,以偏概全。推理題在提問(wèn)中常用的詞有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜詞悟義,掃除閱讀攔路虎。
猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地理解上下文,而且要有較大的泛讀量,掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)"順藤摸瓜",通過(guò)構(gòu)詞,語(yǔ)法,定義,同位,對(duì)比,因果,常識(shí),上下文等線(xiàn)索確定詞義。
我們?cè)谧鐾晷翁羁諘r(shí),首先需要快速的瀏覽全文,把握文章的主旨大意;其次要學(xué)會(huì)帶著問(wèn)題到文中相應(yīng)的地方,通過(guò)細(xì)節(jié)閱讀來(lái)尋找或概括答案;最后理清作者的寫(xiě)作思路也非常重要;做此類(lèi)題時(shí),要多注意一些形容詞或動(dòng)詞的搭配,在平時(shí)多積累一些固定搭配。
2.(10分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)Anne Hidalg,the mayr(市長(zhǎng)) f Paris,F(xiàn)rance,has a gal.She wants t clean the Seine making the river swimmable by 2024 when the city will hst the Olympic Games.It is a big task since it has been illegal t swim in the river fr nearly100 years.
Lucky fr Hidalg,11﹣year﹣ld Raphael is n the case.Fr almst tw years nw,Raphael has spent nearly every weekend fishing rubbish ut f the river.Wrking with his dad,it's nt unusual fr them t catch an entire tn f rubbish in a single day.
The rubbish can include anything. "I always knew there were things at the bttm f the water,but nt t the pint f bicycles.Hnestly,it did shck me,Raphael said.He's als fund sme mre bjects ut f the way,including a camera,jewelry,and even a knife frm the 1800s.He's als shared them n his Instagram accunt.
In January 2020,Raphael and his dad went t a bridge in Western Paris fr their first catch.Raphael said, "At first,it was just a leisurely weekend activity.But nce I saw just hw much garbage was buried there at the bttm f the river it became like a real jb."
Raphael was even awarded the Medal f Paris fr his effrts.But he admits that getting peple t take actin in the fight against pllutin has been difficult.There are definitely enugh f us wanting t clean up the planet.But when it cmes t taking actin,hardly anyne des.Even smething as simple as picking up cigarette butts and placing them in the trash culd make a huge difference.
Still,he said he was prud f his prgress in the last tw years.A part f the Seine is nw nticeably clearer than the rest f the river.Raphael's nt sure if he can make the entire Seine clear by the 2024 Olympics.He des hpe he'll be ne f the first t swim in the water nce it is safe.
(1)What has Raphael been ding n weekends in the past tw years? A
A.Cleaning up the Seine.
B.Wrking fr the mayr.
C.Swimming in the Seine.
D.Ging fishing with his dad.
(2)What surprised Raphael during his activity? C
A.Peple'? attentin t him.
B.The severity f the pllutin.
C.Unusual garbage discveries.
D.The great amunt f garbage.
(3)What des Raphael think is a challenge? B
A.T find enugh trash.
B.T ask thers t jin him.
C.T keep up his activity.
D.T get himself recgnized.
(4)Hw des Raphael mst prbably feel abut his effrts? D
A.Regretful.
B.Puzzled.
C.Cncerned.
D.Satisfied.
【考點(diǎn)】說(shuō)明文;環(huán)境保護(hù).
【答案】(1)﹣(4)ACBD
【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了11歲拉斐爾的目標(biāo)是在奧運(yùn)會(huì)來(lái)到巴黎之前擁有一條干凈的河流。
【解答】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Fr almst tw years nw,Raphael has spent nearly every weekend fishing rubbish ut f the river. (近兩年來(lái),拉斐爾幾乎每個(gè)周末都從河里打撈垃圾)可知,在過(guò)去的兩年里,拉斐爾在周末都清理塞納河。故選A。
(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段The rubbish can include anything. "I always knew there were things at the bttm f the water,but nt t the pint f bicycles.Hnestly,it did shck me,Raphael said.He's als fund sme mre bjects ut f the way,including a camera,jewelry,and even a knife frm the 1800s. (垃圾可以包括任何東西。"我一直知道水底有東西,但沒(méi)有到自行車(chē)的地步。"說(shuō)實(shí)話(huà),這確實(shí)讓我很震驚,"拉斐爾說(shuō)。他還發(fā)現(xiàn)了更多的東西,包括相機(jī)、珠寶,甚至是一把19世紀(jì)的刀)可知,不尋常的垃圾發(fā)現(xiàn)讓拉斐爾感到驚訝。故選C。
(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段But he admits that getting peple t take actin in the fight against pllutin has been difficult.There are definitely enugh f us wanting t clean up the planet.But when it cmes t taking actin,hardly anyne des. (但他承認(rèn),讓人們采取行動(dòng)對(duì)抗污染一直很困難。想要清理地球的人肯定夠多了。但當(dāng)涉及到采取行動(dòng)時(shí),幾乎沒(méi)有人會(huì)這么做)可推斷,拉斐爾認(rèn)為要求其他人加入他是很大的挑戰(zhàn)。故選B。
(4)觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段Still,he said he was prud f his prgress in the last tw years. (不過(guò),他說(shuō)他為自己過(guò)去兩年的進(jìn)步感到自豪)可推斷,拉斐爾對(duì)自己的努力感到滿(mǎn)意。A.Regretful.后悔的;B.Puzzled.困惑的;C.Cncerned.關(guān)心的;D.Satisfied.滿(mǎn)意的。故選D。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】一、速讀全文,了解大意知主題。
閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力,考生必須在十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀,搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句,捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn),并且理清文章脈絡(luò),把握語(yǔ)篇實(shí)質(zhì)。
二、看題干,帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。
首先要掌握問(wèn)題的類(lèi)型,客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案;而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情基調(diào)等,這類(lèi)題必須經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次,了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息,然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀,對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性,提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。
三、邏輯推理,做好深層理解題。
在實(shí)際閱讀中,有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說(shuō)出來(lái),閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思,通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇邏輯關(guān)系,研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示,推敲作者的態(tài)度,理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理,不能就事論事,以偏概全。推理題在提問(wèn)中常用的詞有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜詞悟義,掃除閱讀攔路虎。
猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地理解上下文,而且要有較大的泛讀量,掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)"順藤摸瓜",通過(guò)構(gòu)詞,語(yǔ)法,定義,同位,對(duì)比,因果,常識(shí),上下文等線(xiàn)索確定詞義。
我們?cè)谧鐾晷翁羁諘r(shí),首先需要快速的瀏覽全文,把握文章的主旨大意;其次要學(xué)會(huì)帶著問(wèn)題到文中相應(yīng)的地方,通過(guò)細(xì)節(jié)閱讀來(lái)尋找或概括答案;最后理清作者的寫(xiě)作思路也非常重要;做此類(lèi)題時(shí),要多注意一些形容詞或動(dòng)詞的搭配,在平時(shí)多積累一些固定搭配。
3.(10分)(2023秋?廣州期中)Sdas such as Cke r Pepsi are respnsible fr adding t health prblems like tth prblems and besity (肥胖).S health leaders have recmmended teens cut back n sugar﹣sweetened sdas.Hwever,their push may have had an unplanned result.Many f the advertisements aimed at teens shw fit athletes having sugar﹣sweetened sprts drinks.They make sprts drinks lk like a healthy chice fr teens cmpared t sdas.As a result,teens are turning t this kind f drink.
Scientists at Harvard University in Massachusetts fcused n teens,wh are cnsidered mre likely than yunger kids t buy their drinks.In 2015,22,000 high schl students were surveyed,and almst 6 in 10 f them reprted having at least ne sprts drink in the past week.That was up slightly frm 2010.The Harvard study fund that almst ne﹣third f teens drank ne t three sprts drinks in the previus week.Just ver 1 in10 reprted having fur t six drinks.Teens wh played n sprts teams were likely t have ne r mre sprts drinks each day.Bys were mre likely than girls t have the drinks,scientists fund.
The same was true fr teens wh watched mre than tw hurs f televisin.Scientists say they are cncerned because f ties between TV watching,ads,and besity.Experts say that many children dn't need a sprts drink that is full f carbhydrates (碳水化合物) and sweeteners. This especially applies t children sitting in frnt f a TV.The better ptin is water r unsweetened drinks.
"There is n reasn t have carbhydrates in sprts drinks unless yu are in a high﹣level game,said Nyree Dardarian,the leader f the Center fr Integrated Nutritin and Perfrmance. "Smene n a lng bike ride r in an all﹣day race might want t have ne.If children are playing fr 20 minutes,they just need water."
There are ther chices.Water and ranges wuld prvide all f the recmmended amunts f vitamin C fr kids.Other ideas include flavring water by adding fruit t it.Kids can als add a small amunt fjuice.
(1)What unplanned result may health leaders' recmmendatin cause? A
A.Teenagers are turning t sprts drinks instead f sdas.
B.Teenagers are being cnfused by different ads f drinks.
C.Teenagers are buying mre sugar﹣sweetened sdas.
D.Teenagers are having mre health prblems.
(2)What is the Harvard study mainly abut? D
A.Teenagers' favrite kinds f sprts drinks.
B.Teenagers' habits f having sprts drinks.
C.The influence f sprts drink ads n teens.
D.The grup with the greatest tendency t drink sprts drinks.
(3)What des the underlined wrd "This" in Paragraph 3 refer t? C
A.Playing n sprts teams.
B.Preferring carbhydrates.
C.Needing n sprts drinks.
D.Suffering frm health prblems.
(4)What is implied in Nyree's wrds? A
A.Sprts drinks are unsuitable fr children with light exercise.
B.Peple shuld give up sprts drinks with carbhydrates.
C.Sprts drinks are a better chice fr heavy exercisers.
D.Children shuld d mre utdr exercise.
【考點(diǎn)】說(shuō)明文;健康.
【答案】(1)﹣(4)ADCA
【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章說(shuō)明了運(yùn)動(dòng)員們喝運(yùn)動(dòng)飲料的廣告可能會(huì)誤導(dǎo)孩子們喝更多的運(yùn)動(dòng)飲料,而這對(duì)身體有不良影響。
【解答】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段Hwever,their push may have had an unplanned result.Many f the advertisements aimed at teens shw fit athletes having sugar﹣sweetened sprts drinks.They make sprts drinks lk like a healthy chice fr teens cmpared t sdas.As a result,teens are turning t this kind f drink.( 然而,他們的努力可能產(chǎn)生了意想不到的結(jié)果。許多針對(duì)青少年的廣告展示了健康的運(yùn)動(dòng)員喝含糖運(yùn)動(dòng)飲料。與蘇打水相比,他們讓運(yùn)動(dòng)飲料看起來(lái)像是青少年的健康選擇。因此,青少年開(kāi)始轉(zhuǎn)向這種飲料)可知,很多針對(duì)青少年的廣告展示了健康運(yùn)動(dòng)員喝含糖運(yùn)動(dòng)飲料,導(dǎo)致青少年開(kāi)始轉(zhuǎn)向這種飲料。故選A項(xiàng)。
(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段Scientists at Harvard University in Massachusetts fcused n teens,wh are cnsidered mre likely than yunger kids t buy their drinks.(馬薩諸塞州哈佛大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們把重點(diǎn)放在了青少年身上,他們被認(rèn)為比年幼的孩子更有可能買(mǎi)飲料)可知,哈佛大學(xué)的研究把重點(diǎn)放在了青少年身上,青少年被認(rèn)為比年幼的孩子更有可能買(mǎi)飲料。由此可推知,哈佛大學(xué)的研究主要關(guān)于喝運(yùn)動(dòng)飲料的群體。故選D項(xiàng)。
(3)代詞指代題。根據(jù)文章第三段Experts say that many children dn't need a sprts drink that is full f carbhydrates(碳水化合物) and sweeteners. This especially applies t children sitting in frnt f a TV.(專(zhuān)家說(shuō),很多孩子不需要富含碳水化合物和甜味劑的運(yùn)動(dòng)飲料。這尤其適用于坐在電視機(jī)前的孩子)可知,指示代詞this應(yīng)指代前面的"many children dn't need a sprts drink that is full f carbhydrates and sweeteners(很多孩子不需要富含碳水化合物和甜味劑的運(yùn)動(dòng)飲料)"。A.Playing n sprts teams.參加運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì);B.Preferring carbhydrates.偏愛(ài)碳水化合物;C.Needing n sprts drinks.不需要運(yùn)動(dòng)飲料;D.Suffering frm health prblems.遭受健康問(wèn)題的折磨。故選C項(xiàng)。
(4)推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"There is n reasn t have carbhydrates in sprts drinks unless yu are in a high﹣level game,said Nyree Dardarian,the leader f the Center fr Integrated Nutritin and Perfrmance. "Smene n a lng bike ride r in an all﹣day race might want t have ne.If children are playing fr 20 minutes,they just need water."("沒(méi)有理由在運(yùn)動(dòng)飲料中添加碳水化合物,除非你在參加高水平的比賽,騎長(zhǎng)途自行車(chē)或參加全天比賽的人可能會(huì)想要一個(gè)。如果孩子們只玩20分鐘,他們只需要水。"綜合營(yíng)養(yǎng)與表現(xiàn)中心的負(fù)責(zé)人尼里?達(dá)達(dá)里安說(shuō))可知,根據(jù)Nyree的話(huà)可知,騎長(zhǎng)途自行車(chē)或參加全天比賽的人可能需要運(yùn)動(dòng)飲料,輕微運(yùn)動(dòng)的孩子們只需要喝水。故選A項(xiàng)。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】一、速讀全文,了解大意知主題。
閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力,考生必須在十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀,搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句,捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn),并且理清文章脈絡(luò),把握語(yǔ)篇實(shí)質(zhì)。
二、看題干,帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。
首先要掌握問(wèn)題的類(lèi)型,客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案;而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情基調(diào)等,這類(lèi)題必須經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次,了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息,然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀,對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性,提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。
三、邏輯推理,做好深層理解題。
在實(shí)際閱讀中,有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說(shuō)出來(lái),閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思,通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇邏輯關(guān)系,研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示,推敲作者的態(tài)度,理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理,不能就事論事,以偏概全。推理題在提問(wèn)中常用的詞有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜詞悟義,掃除閱讀攔路虎。
猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地理解上下文,而且要有較大的泛讀量,掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)"順藤摸瓜",通過(guò)構(gòu)詞,語(yǔ)法,定義,同位,對(duì)比,因果,常識(shí),上下文等線(xiàn)索確定詞義。
我們?cè)谧鐾晷翁羁諘r(shí),首先需要快速的瀏覽全文,把握文章的主旨大意;其次要學(xué)會(huì)帶著問(wèn)題到文中相應(yīng)的地方,通過(guò)細(xì)節(jié)閱讀來(lái)尋找或概括答案;最后理清作者的寫(xiě)作思路也非常重要;做此類(lèi)題時(shí),要多注意一些形容詞或動(dòng)詞的搭配,在平時(shí)多積累一些固定搭配。
4.(10分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中) The meticulusness(一絲不茍) that drives the craftsman's spirit,has made the arts f Japan famus wrldwide.But hw may this traditinal spirit f perfectinism,r kdawari,have wide﹣ranging influences n everyday life in mdern Japan?
Nagasawa Rsetsu was an ancient artist wh prduced Five Hundred Arhats.He drew the 500 chief fllwers f the Buddha in a wrk that measures just 3cm square,rughly the size f a pstage stamp.Yu'll need t take ut the magnifying glass(放大鏡) fr this ne!
Back t mdern﹣day Japan,the mst well﹣knwn mdern Japanese artist is Yayi Kusama.One f her mst representative wrks is her large﹣scale sptted pumpkin sculptures.Kusama has als prduced many hand﹣painted wrks with a level f detail that must have taken weeks,if nt mnths,t cmplete.Having suffered frm a disrder fr many decades,Kusama applies herself t painting detailed patterns as a kind f treatment;the repetitin invlved in creating the wrk allws her t keep cntrl f her mind.
When did kdawari,this Japanese's seeking f perfectin and devtin t detail begin?I suppse it was even as far back as the Heian perid,which began ver ne thusand years ag.In her The Pillw Bk,the curt lady Sei Shōngn tk it upn herself t write lists f bjects and situatins that she fund t be beautiful due t their perfectin.
Tday there are still many examples f this single﹣minded devtin t ne's wrk in Japan.Yu can find shps that nly prduce a single prduct,whether it be pickled vegetables,tfu,r Mchi sweets.It's ften said that at the best sushi restaurants,apprentice (學(xué)徒) chefs will ften be tasked fr many years with washing and cking the rice and perfecting this skill befre they are even allwed t pick up a knife t begin slicing fish.
This single﹣minded devtin t ne's craft,whether it be in the field f fine art and handicrafts,r at a lcal sushi restaurant,is surely ne f the defining characteristics f Japanese culture tday.
(1)What can we learn abut Five Hundred Arhats? B
A.It culd reflect the artist's artistic habits.
B.It may need great craft skills t finish it.
C.It was drawn n a small stamp.
D.It was made with fine details.
(2)Why did Kusama start her hand﹣painting career? A
A.T treat her illness in a peaceful way.
B.T make full use f her talent fr art.
C.T live a full life in her spare time.
D.T get instant fame as an artist.
(3)What d the examples in Japan tday intend t shw? D
A.The uniqueness f Japanese fd.
B.The mst successful industry in Japan.
C.The exact demands fr apprentice chefs.
D.The ppularity f craftsman spirit in Japan.
(4)What can be the best title fr the text? B
A.Wh are Japan's famus artists with craftsman spirit?
B.Craftsman spirit:a key part f Japanese culture.
C.Japan's fd industry:the past and the present.
D.Hw are Japan's art wrks prduced?
【考點(diǎn)】說(shuō)明文;傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗與文化.
【答案】BADB
【分析】本文為說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了日本的工匠精神和這種執(zhí)著也反映了當(dāng)今日本文化。
【解答】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段He drew the 500 chief fllwers f the Buddha in a wrk that measures just 3cm square,rughly the size f a pstage stamp.Yu'll need t take ut the magnifying glass(放大鏡) fr this ne!(他在一幅只有3厘米見(jiàn)方的作品中畫(huà)出了500名佛陀的主要追隨者,大約有郵票那么大。你需要拿出放大鏡才能看到這幅畫(huà)?。┛芍?,五百羅漢可能需要高超的工藝才能完成。故選B。
(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Having suffered frm a disrder fr many decades,Kusama applies herself t painting detailed patterns as a kind f treatment;the repetitin invlved in creating the wrk allws her t keep cntrl f her mind.(幾十年來(lái),草間彌生一直患有一種疾病,她致力于繪制詳細(xì)的圖案作為一種治療方法創(chuàng)作作品時(shí)的重復(fù)讓她能夠控制自己的思想。)可知,草間彌生開(kāi)始繪畫(huà)是為了用寧?kù)o的方式治療她的疾病。故選A。
(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段Tday there are still many examples f this single﹣minded devtin t ne's wrk in Japan.(今天,在日本仍然有很多這樣全心全意地投入工作的例子。)可知,今天日本的例子意在展示工匠精神在日本的流行。故選D。
(4)標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)全文和最后一段This single﹣minded devtin t ne's craft,whether it be in the field f fine art and handicrafts,r at a lcal sushi restaurant,is surely ne f the defining characteristics f Japanese culture tday.(無(wú)論是在美術(shù)和手工藝品領(lǐng)域,還是在當(dāng)?shù)氐膲鬯镜?,這種對(duì)自己工藝的執(zhí)著無(wú)疑是當(dāng)今日本文化的特征之一。)可知,文章主要介紹了日本的工匠精神和這種執(zhí)著也反映了當(dāng)今日本文化。Craftsman spirit:a key part f Japanese culture.(工匠精神:日本文化的重要組成部分。)是最好的標(biāo)題。故選B。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】做這類(lèi)題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍,做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。做題時(shí)要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測(cè),一定要做到有理有據(jù)。
第二節(jié) 閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
5.(12.5分)(2023春?遼寧期中)There cmes a time when yur thughts uncntrllably mve twards the negative side.(1) F Here are sme tips t turn yur negative mindset int a psitive ne.
Be respnsible fr yur wn actins.
If yu are always ready t blame thers and find thers' mistakes,then yu will be t busy pinting fingers at thers.(2) E Taking respnsibility fr whatever yu d will help yu be ready t accept the result and then take cntrl ver negative thughts.
(3) B
If yu dn't have anything t d then a lt f thughts jump up in yur mind.When yu waste yur time,it will undubtedly becme a reasn fr yur negative thughts.Yu shuld spend time n things that will actually give yu sme results,such as knwledge r inspiratin.Dn't hide behind mmentary pleasure.
Mve yur bdy.
Wrking withut a break will undubtedly have an impact n yur mental peace.Take sme time,shake yur bdy,and spend sme time n things yu like.(4) C They will make yu feel happy and mre energetic.
Surrund yurself with psitive peple.
Yu shuld nt be surrunded by thse peple wh are always cmplaining,talking nnsense,r making yu feel bad.(5) G Instead,spend mre time with thse peple wh are psitive and can encurage yu r inspire yu t make yur dream a reality.
A.Be prductive.
B.Step ut f yur cmfrt zne.
C.They can be singing,dancing,and many mre.
D.S dn't be afraid t learn smething new.
E.As a result,it will becme difficult t see yur wn faults.
F.It's easy t say that yu shuld think psitively,but it's difficult t put it int practice.
G.They will waste yur energy and yu wn't even realize when yu start thinking like them.
【考點(diǎn)】說(shuō)明文;日常生活.
【答案】FEBCG
【分析】本文主要介紹的是一些讓消極心態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榉e極心態(tài)的技巧
【解答】(1)推理判斷題。根據(jù)上一句There cmes a time when yur thughts uncntrllably mve twards the negative side.(總有一天,你的想法會(huì)不受控制地朝著消極的一面發(fā)展。)以及下一句Here are sme tips t turn yur negative mindset int a psitive ne.(以下是一些將消極心態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榉e極心態(tài)的技巧。)可知此處表達(dá)的應(yīng)是積極思考實(shí)踐起來(lái)是有難度的,所以后面就提供了一些技巧。所以"F.It's easy t say that yu shuld think psitively,but it's difficult t put it int practice.積極思考說(shuō)起來(lái)容易,但做起來(lái)卻很難"符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。
(2)推理判斷題。根據(jù)上一句If yu are always ready t blame thers and find thers' mistakes,then yu will be t busy pinting fingers at thers.(如果你總是準(zhǔn)備責(zé)怪別人,發(fā)現(xiàn)別人的錯(cuò)誤,那么你就會(huì)忙于指責(zé)別人。)可知此處說(shuō)的是總是指責(zé)別人不好。所以"E.As a result,it will becme difficult t see yur wn faults.因此,很難看出自己的缺點(diǎn)。"符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。
(3)標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)下一句If yu dn't have anything t d then a lt f thughts jump up in yur mind.When yu waste yur time,it will undubtedly becme a reasn fr yur negative thughts.(如果你無(wú)事可做,那么很多想法就會(huì)在你的腦海中跳躍。當(dāng)你浪費(fèi)時(shí)間時(shí),它無(wú)疑會(huì)成為你消極思想的理由。)可知此處說(shuō)的是要走出自己的舒適區(qū),不斷學(xué)習(xí)提升自己。所以"B.Step ut f yur cmfrt zne.走出你的舒適區(qū)。"符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。
(4)推理判斷題。根據(jù)上一句Take sme time,shake yur bdy,and spend sme time n things yu like(花點(diǎn)時(shí)間,搖晃你的身體,花點(diǎn)時(shí)間做你喜歡的事情。)可知此處說(shuō)的是花點(diǎn)時(shí)間做你喜歡的事情。所以"C.They can be singing,dancing,and many mre.他們可以唱歌、跳舞,甚至更多。"符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。
(5)推理判斷題。根據(jù)上一句Yu shuld nt be surrunded by thse peple wh are always cmplaining,talking nnsense,r making yu feel bad(你不應(yīng)該被那些總是抱怨、胡說(shuō)八道或讓你感覺(jué)不好的人包圍。)可知此處說(shuō)的是不要被負(fù)能量的人影響。所以"G.They will waste yur energy and yu wn't even realize when yu start thinking like them.他們會(huì)浪費(fèi)你的精力,當(dāng)你開(kāi)始像他們一樣思考時(shí),你甚至不會(huì)意識(shí)到。"符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀,和完形填空很類(lèi)似,不同的是一個(gè)選詞,一個(gè)選句子。解題時(shí),要注意上下文語(yǔ)境,充分考慮信息詞(選項(xiàng)中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞),選出最符合語(yǔ)境的句子。
第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分15分)第一節(jié) 閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
6.(15分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中) My daughter,Hannah,was very anxius abut ging t sleep away camp.She was cnsidering(1) B her decisin t attend since the new(2) C wuld frce her t change her rutine.I knew I needed t(3) B .her frm it s I tk her ut fr lunch.
During lunch Hannah sat acrss frm me,taking a lng deep breath.I saw the(4) C lk in her eyes."Let me ask yu smething,"I said t her."(5) A yu weren't afraid,wuld yu g t camp r stay hme?" She answered with(6) D ,"Oh,fr sure I'd g camping.The nly thing that(7) B me is the fact that I'm scared."Then I thught Hannah already had her answer.
It's(8) C fr us t have the feeling f fear.We're afraid t fail,and interestingly,we are als ften afraid t succeed.Fear f failure(9) B wrrying ur self﹣ esteem(自尊心) will be damaged.Fear f success is fr wrrying that we wn't match up t the(10) D persn we becme when that change happens.
Years ag,I was yung and afraid t(11) A address(向……講話(huà)) pwerful CEOs f Frtune500 cmpanies.When I was later presented with the(12) D ,I clsed my eyes,std n stage and said yes befre I culd(13) C myself t give it up.It was me wh gave a piece f my sul t the audience,s the real(14) A shuld cme frm within.Try it,break any(15) B and watch yurself rise t the ccasin.
【考點(diǎn)】記敘文;品行與態(tài)度.
【答案】(1)﹣(5)BCBCA (6)﹣(10)DBCBD (11)﹣(15)ADCAB
【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者通過(guò)嘗試,打破障礙,迎接挑戰(zhàn)。
【解答】(1)考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.making制作;B.cancelling取消;C.accepting接受;D.challenging挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)上句My daughter,Hannah,was very anxius abut ging t sleep away camp.可知我的女兒漢娜非常擔(dān)心要去露營(yíng)過(guò)夜。說(shuō)明她正在考慮取消參加的決定,因?yàn)樾碌沫h(huán)境會(huì)迫使她改變自己的常規(guī)。故答案為B。
(2)考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.result結(jié)果;B.recrd記錄;C.envirnment環(huán)境;D.inventin發(fā)明。根據(jù)上句My daughter,Hannah,was very anxius abut ging t sleep away camp.可知我的女兒漢娜非常擔(dān)心要去露營(yíng)過(guò)夜。說(shuō)明新的環(huán)境會(huì)迫使她改變自己的常規(guī)。故答案為C。
(3)考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.excuse原諒;B.distract使分心;C.prtect保護(hù);D.brrw借。根據(jù)下句s I tk her ut fr lunch可知所以我?guī)鋈コ晕顼?,說(shuō)明我需要分散她的注意力,故答案為B。
(4)考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.unexpected難以預(yù)料的;B.surprised驚訝的;C.wrried擔(dān)心的;D.curius好奇的。根據(jù)前文My daughter,Hannah,was very anxius abut ging t sleep away camp.可知我的女兒漢娜非常擔(dān)心要去露營(yíng)過(guò)夜。說(shuō)明我看到了她眼中擔(dān)憂(yōu)的神色。故答案為C。
(5)考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.Pretending假裝;B.Cnsidering考慮;C.Remembering記?。籇.Prving證明是。根據(jù)空后yu weren't afraid可知假裝你不害怕,你會(huì)去露營(yíng)還是呆在家里?故答案為A。
(6)考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.hnesty誠(chéng)實(shí);B.cncern關(guān)心;C.dubt懷疑;D.cnfidence自信。根據(jù)下句Oh,fr sure I'd g camping可知哦,我當(dāng)然會(huì)去露營(yíng)。說(shuō)明她非常自信。故答案為D。
(7)考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.inspires鼓勵(lì);B.stps停止,阻止;C.benefits受益;D.cntrls控制。根據(jù)下句the fact that I'm scared可知唯一阻止我的是我害怕的事實(shí)。故答案為B。
(8)考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.bvius明顯的;B.unbelievable難以置信的;C.nrmal正常的;D.imprtant重要的。根據(jù)下句We're afraid t fail,and interestingly,we are als ften afraid t succeed可知我們害怕失敗,有趣的是,我們也經(jīng)常害怕成功。說(shuō)明害怕對(duì)于我們來(lái)說(shuō)是非常正常的。故答案為C。
(9)考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.appeals t吸引;B.results frm由……導(dǎo)致;C.differs frm與……不同;D.leads t導(dǎo)致。根據(jù)空后wrrying ur self﹣ esteem(自尊心) will be damaged可知害怕失敗源于擔(dān)心我們的自尊心會(huì)受到傷害。故答案為B。
(10)考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.adventurus冒險(xiǎn)的;B.generus慷慨的;C.useful有用的;D.excellent優(yōu)秀的。根據(jù)上句Fear f success is fr wrrying that we wn't match up可知對(duì)成功的恐懼是因?yàn)閾?dān)心當(dāng)這種改變發(fā)生時(shí),我們無(wú)法成為優(yōu)秀的人。故答案為D。
(11)考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.publicly公開(kāi)地;B.ludly大聲地;C.crrectly正確地;D.carefully小心地。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知幾年前,我還年輕,害怕公開(kāi)向財(cái)富500強(qiáng)公司的首席執(zhí)行官發(fā)表演講。故答案為A。
(12)考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn);B.hpe希望;C.regret后悔;D.pprtunity機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)下句I clsed my eyes,std n stage and said yes befre I culd_____ myself t give it up.可知我閉上眼睛,站在舞臺(tái)上,在說(shuō)服自己放棄之前說(shuō)好。說(shuō)明我后來(lái)得到了這個(gè)演講的機(jī)會(huì),故答案為D。
(13)考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.warn警告;B.infrm告知;C.cnvince說(shuō)服;D.remind提醒。根據(jù)空后t give it up可知在說(shuō)服自己放棄之前。故答案為C。
(14)考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.curage勇氣;B.jy高興;C.freedm自由;D.prf證據(jù)。根據(jù)上句It was me wh gave a piece f my sul t the audience可知是我把自己的一部分靈魂給了觀眾,所以真正的勇氣應(yīng)該來(lái)自?xún)?nèi)心。故答案為A。
(15)考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.prmise許諾;B.barrier障礙物;C.agreement同意;D.rule規(guī)則。根據(jù)上句Try it可知嘗試一下,打破任何障礙,看著自己迎接挑戰(zhàn)。故答案為B。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】完形填空題的解題步驟:
1.通讀全文,理解大意。重視首句信息,跳過(guò)空格,瀏覽全文,從整體上感知全文,理解文章大意,這是解題的基礎(chǔ)。
2.瞻前顧后,避難就易。在理解文章大意的情況下,結(jié)合各選項(xiàng)的意義和用法,遵循先易后難的原則,先解決那些自己有把握的問(wèn)題。對(duì)少數(shù)難題,暫時(shí)跳過(guò),或許在上文中難以判斷的題在下文中就有暗示或者明顯的提示,或許一個(gè)在前面不能解答的題在填出了另一空后會(huì)令你豁然開(kāi)朗。
3.復(fù)讀全文,解決殘敵。借助已經(jīng)補(bǔ)全的空格,對(duì)全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解決所遺留的少數(shù)疑難問(wèn)題。
4.再次復(fù)讀,彌補(bǔ)疏漏,全部做好后,務(wù)必要結(jié)合自己選擇的答案重新閱讀短文內(nèi)容,確保全文文意連貫。
第二節(jié) 閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
7.(15分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中) It's widely believed that the persimmn(柿子) is native t China.A gd persimmn at its peak will taste sweet and rich.
Fuping,a cunty in Shaanxi t the nrth f(1) the Wein River;is a very famus persimmn prductin area in the wrld.Its natural envirnment is extremely(2) suitable (suit) fr the planting f persimmns.The landscape is full f hills,the temperature difference between day and night is(3) particularly ( particular) huge,and there's lts f sunshine.Thus,the persimmns(4) prduced (prduce)there are amng the best in the wrld.After years f develpment,the verall area(5) where persimmns are planted in Fuping is nw very large.
The persimmn drying seasn begins yearly in Octber and cntinues(6) fr weeks.Usually,the drying prcess is finished smetimes in the middle f December Thàdried persimmn,knwn as shibing ,then enters the market.The supply seasn is lng,(7) lasting ( last) at least until the Chinese Spring Festival.The persimmn can be sld via nline platfrms(平臺(tái)),supermarkets,etc.,but many sellers nw have a(8) preference ( prefer) fr nline platfrms.Sme f the fruits are even exprted each year.
With the lcal gvernment's supprt,the persimmn industry is expected(9) t have ( have)a faster develpment and the lcals(10) will becme ( becme) better ff sn.
【考點(diǎn)】說(shuō)明文;經(jīng)濟(jì).
【答案】(1)the;(2)suitable;(3)particularly;(4)prduced;(5)where;(6)fr;(7)lasting;(8)preference;(9)t have;(10)will becme
【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了陜西省富平縣柿子產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。
【解答】(1)考查冠詞。句意:富平縣位于陜西渭河以北,是世界著名的柿子產(chǎn)區(qū)。the Wein River渭河,江河湖海前用定冠詞the,故填the。
(2)考查形容詞。句意:它的自然環(huán)境非常適合種植柿子。根據(jù)extremely可知,空處填suit的形容詞suitable,副詞修飾形容詞,此處表示"非常適合的",故填suitable。
(3)考查副詞。句意:這里到處都是山,晝夜溫差特別大,而且陽(yáng)光充足。空處應(yīng)用副詞修飾形容詞huge,表示"特別大",故填particularly。
(4)考查過(guò)去分詞。句意:因此,這里出產(chǎn)的柿子是世界上最好的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞are且無(wú)連接詞,故空處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;空處與所修飾詞the persimmns構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞,表示"被生產(chǎn)出來(lái)的柿子",故填prduced。
(5)考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:經(jīng)過(guò)多年的發(fā)展,富平的柿子種植面積現(xiàn)已非常大。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,(5)persimmns are planted in Fuping是定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞the verall area,表示地點(diǎn),且在從句中作狀語(yǔ),故填where。
(6)考查介詞。句意:柿子的干燥季節(jié)每年10月開(kāi)始,持續(xù)數(shù)周。fr weeks數(shù)周,故填fr。
(7)考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意:供應(yīng)季節(jié)很長(zhǎng),至少會(huì)持續(xù)到中國(guó)春節(jié)。此處是現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ),故填lasting。
(8)考查名詞。句意:這種柿子可以通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)、超市等渠道銷(xiāo)售,但許多賣(mài)家現(xiàn)在更傾向于在線(xiàn)平臺(tái)。根據(jù)a可知,空處應(yīng)填prefer的名詞形式preference,故填preference。
(9)考查不定式。句意:在當(dāng)?shù)卣闹С窒?,柿子產(chǎn)業(yè)有望有更快的發(fā)展,當(dāng)?shù)厝艘矊⒑芸熳兊酶辉F饋?lái)。be expected t d sth.被期望做某事、應(yīng)該做某事,故填t have。
(10)考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:在當(dāng)?shù)卣闹С窒?,柿子產(chǎn)業(yè)有望有更快的發(fā)展,當(dāng)?shù)厝艘矊⒑芸熳兊酶辉F饋?lái)。根據(jù)句意可知,當(dāng)?shù)厝艘矊⒑芸熳兊酶辉F饋?lái),空處應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí),故填will becme。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】語(yǔ)法填空考查學(xué)生英語(yǔ)綜合知識(shí)的運(yùn)用,做題時(shí)要首先明確短文大意,從詞語(yǔ)搭配,固定句型,語(yǔ)法,時(shí)態(tài)等方面綜合考慮,結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境找出正確答案。
單項(xiàng)選擇
8.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)It ften happens that a number f applicants with almst ______ qualificatins and experience all apply fr the same psitin.( )
A. passinateB. identical
C. ambitiusD. weekly
【考點(diǎn)】形容詞詞義辨析.
【答案】B
【分析】通常情況下,許多具有幾乎相同資格和經(jīng)驗(yàn)的申請(qǐng)者都會(huì)申請(qǐng)同一職位。
【解答】A.passinate熱情的;B.identical完全相同的;C.ambitius有野心的;D.weekly每周的。根據(jù)"apply fr the same psitin"可知,申請(qǐng)同樣職位的人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和資格應(yīng)該是幾乎相同的,空出的意思應(yīng)該是"完全相同的",B項(xiàng)正確。
故選:B。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查形容詞詞義辨析,弄清楚各個(gè)形容詞的含義并區(qū)別各個(gè)形容詞之間的差異,了解某些形容詞的特殊用法,然后結(jié)合語(yǔ)境選擇正確答案。
9.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)We are wrking n the ______ that it was a gas explsin.( )
A. capacityB. maximum
C. assumptinD. bjective
【考點(diǎn)】名詞詞義辨析.
【答案】C
【分析】我們假設(shè)這是一場(chǎng)燃?xì)獗ㄊ鹿省?br>【解答】A.capacity容量;B.maximum最大量;C.assumptin假設(shè);D.bjective目標(biāo)。根據(jù)句意"我們假設(shè)這是一場(chǎng)燃?xì)獗ㄊ鹿省?空處意思應(yīng)該是"假設(shè)",C項(xiàng)正確。
故選:C。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查名詞的詞義辨析,弄清楚各個(gè)名詞的詞義,準(zhǔn)確地翻譯句子及備選答案,然后選擇最符合題意的選項(xiàng)。
10.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)We need t ______ the frest.( )
A. preserveB. plishC. bendD. dminate
【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析.
【答案】A
【分析】我們需要保護(hù)森林。
【解答】A.preserve保護(hù);B.plish擦亮,改進(jìn);C.bend彎曲;D.dminate支配。根據(jù)"the frest"可知,森林需要我們的保護(hù),空處意思應(yīng)該是"保護(hù)",A項(xiàng)正確。
故選:A。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析,弄清楚各個(gè)動(dòng)詞的含義,并區(qū)別某些動(dòng)詞之間的差異,了解它們的特殊用法和固定搭配,然后結(jié)合語(yǔ)境選擇正確答案。
11.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)Her incme was ______ enugh t maintain ne child,let alne three.( )
A. tightlyB. ptentially
C. barelyD. gently
【考點(diǎn)】副詞詞義辨析.
【答案】C
【分析】她的收入養(yǎng)活一個(gè)孩子都不夠,更不用說(shuō)三個(gè)了。
【解答】A.tightly緊緊地;B.ptentially潛在地;C.barely幾乎不;D.gently輕輕地。根據(jù)句意"她的收入養(yǎng)活一個(gè)孩子都不夠,更不用說(shuō)三個(gè)了。"空處意思應(yīng)該是"幾乎不",C項(xiàng)正確。
故選:C。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查副詞詞義辨析,弄清楚各個(gè)副詞的含義并區(qū)別各個(gè)副詞之間的差異,了解某些副詞的特殊用法,然后結(jié)合語(yǔ)境選擇正確答案。
12.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)Can yu______ exactly what happened?( )
A.cmpriseB.pretendC.emplyD.recall
【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析.
【答案】D
【分析】你能回憶起到底發(fā)生了什么嗎?
【解答】A.cmprise包含;B.pretend假裝;C.emply雇傭;D.recall回憶。根據(jù)句意"你能回憶起到底發(fā)生了什么嗎?"空處意思應(yīng)該是"回憶",D項(xiàng)正確。
故選:D。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析,弄清楚各個(gè)動(dòng)詞的含義,并區(qū)別某些動(dòng)詞之間的差異,了解它們的特殊用法和固定搭配,然后結(jié)合語(yǔ)境選擇正確答案。
13.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)The cmpany is a(n)______ example f a small business that grew int a big ne.( )
A. utstandingB. btanical
C.illegalD. dmestic
【考點(diǎn)】形容詞詞義辨析.
【答案】A
【分析】這家公司是一家小企業(yè)成長(zhǎng)為大企業(yè)的杰出例子。
【解答】A.utstanding優(yōu)秀的;B.btanical植物學(xué)的;C.illegal非法的;D.dmestic國(guó)內(nèi)的。根據(jù)"a small business that grew int a big ne"可知,小公司成長(zhǎng)為大公司應(yīng)該是一個(gè)非常優(yōu)秀的例子,空處意思應(yīng)該是"優(yōu)秀的",A項(xiàng)正確。
故選:A。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查形容詞詞義辨析,弄清楚各個(gè)形容詞的含義并區(qū)別各個(gè)形容詞之間的差異,了解某些形容詞的特殊用法,然后結(jié)合語(yǔ)境選擇正確答案。
14.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)Writing dwn yur prgress allws yu t bjectively ______ yur wrk.( )
A. insistB. evaluateC. banD. sweep
【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析.
【答案】B
【分析】寫(xiě)下你的進(jìn)度可以讓你客觀地評(píng)估你的工作。
【解答】A.insist堅(jiān)持;B.evaluate評(píng)估;C.ban禁止;D.sweep打掃。根據(jù)"yur wrk"可知,我們應(yīng)該評(píng)估自己的工作,空處意思應(yīng)該是"評(píng)估",B項(xiàng)正確。
故選:B。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析,弄清楚各個(gè)動(dòng)詞的含義,并區(qū)別某些動(dòng)詞之間的差異,了解它們的特殊用法和固定搭配,然后結(jié)合語(yǔ)境選擇正確答案。
15.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)She dresses with casual ______ .( )
A. reputatinB. stability.
C. intelligenceD. elegance
【考點(diǎn)】名詞詞義辨析.
【答案】D
【分析】她的穿著隨意而不失雅致。
【解答】A.reputatin名聲;B.stability穩(wěn)定性;C.intelligence智力;D.elegance優(yōu)雅。根據(jù)句意"她的穿著隨意而不失雅致。"空處意思應(yīng)該是"優(yōu)雅",D項(xiàng)正確。
故選:D。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查名詞的詞義辨析,弄清楚各個(gè)名詞的詞義,準(zhǔn)確地翻譯句子及備選答案,然后選擇最符合題意的選項(xiàng)。
16.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)Ellis is being examined by her ______ at the mment.( )
A. nvelistB. architectC. physicianD. client
【考點(diǎn)】名詞詞義辨析.
【答案】C
【分析】埃利斯正在接受內(nèi)科醫(yī)生的檢查。
【解答】A.nvelist小說(shuō)家;B.architect建筑師;C.physician內(nèi)科醫(yī)生;D.client客戶(hù)。根據(jù)句意"埃利斯正在接受內(nèi)科醫(yī)生的檢查。"空處意思應(yīng)該是"內(nèi)科醫(yī)生",C項(xiàng)正確。
故選:C。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查名詞的詞義辨析,弄清楚各個(gè)名詞的詞義,準(zhǔn)確地翻譯句子及備選答案,然后選擇最符合題意的選項(xiàng)。
17.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)There was a sudden change f heart and peple wanted their freign investrs t ______ their mney.( )
A. rejectB. analyseC. seekD. withdraw
【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析.
【答案】D
【分析】人們突然改變了主意,希望外國(guó)投資者撤資。
【解答】A.reject拒絕;B.analyse分析;C.seek尋找;D.withdraw收回。根據(jù)句意可知,外國(guó)投資者投資了錢(qián),但是人們改了主意,所以希望他們把錢(qián)收回,空處意思應(yīng)該是"收回",D項(xiàng)正確。
故選:D。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析,弄清楚各個(gè)動(dòng)詞的含義,并區(qū)別某些動(dòng)詞之間的差異,了解它們的特殊用法和固定搭配,然后結(jié)合語(yǔ)境選擇正確答案。
18.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)______ was n Mnday night that all this happened.( )
A.ItB. ThatC. ThisD. What
【考點(diǎn)】It be…that/wh強(qiáng)調(diào)句型.
【答案】A
【分析】這一切是在星期一的晚上發(fā)生的。
【解答】本句使用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句式:it is/ was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))+ that/ wh(當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)且主語(yǔ)指人)+ 其他部分,n Mnday night是被動(dòng)強(qiáng)調(diào)部分。A項(xiàng)正確。
故選:A。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句的it本身沒(méi)有詞義;強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的連接詞一般只用that,wh,即使在強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)也如此,that,wh不可省略;強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的時(shí)態(tài)只用兩種,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。原句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),用It was ……,其余的時(shí)態(tài)用It is ……。
19.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)The truble was ______ she lst her passprt.( )
A. whatB. ifC. thatD. which
【考點(diǎn)】表語(yǔ)從句.
【答案】C
【分析】麻煩的是她已經(jīng)把她的護(hù)照弄丟了。
【解答】be動(dòng)詞后接的表語(yǔ)從句she lst her passprt結(jié)構(gòu)和意思完整,要用連詞that引導(dǎo)從句。C項(xiàng)正確。
故選:C。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查表語(yǔ)從句,弄清楚哪些連詞引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句及一些表語(yǔ)從句的特殊結(jié)構(gòu),準(zhǔn)確地翻譯句子及備選答案,然后選擇最符合題意的選項(xiàng)。
20.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)Neither Mr.Rse nr Mr.Wd ______ available fr cmment yesterday.( )
A. wereB. wasC. areD. is
【考點(diǎn)】就近、就遠(yuǎn)一致.
【答案】B
【分析】羅斯和伍德昨日均未對(duì)此發(fā)表評(píng)論。
【解答】當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),應(yīng)遵循"就近原則"。就近原則即謂語(yǔ)與靠近的名詞、代詞(有時(shí)不一定是主語(yǔ))在人稱(chēng)與數(shù)上保持一致的原則,所以本題謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday可知本句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
故選:B。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查主謂一致,掌握英語(yǔ)當(dāng)中的就近一致原則是解答此題的關(guān)鍵。
21.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)______ I believe yu r nt is unimprtant nw.( )
A. IfB. WhenC. WhetherD. Why
【考點(diǎn)】主語(yǔ)從句.
【答案】C
【分析】我是否相信你,現(xiàn)在已無(wú)關(guān)緊要了。
【解答】whether…r nt"是否,會(huì)不會(huì)",是固定搭配。C項(xiàng)正確。
故選:C。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查主語(yǔ)從句,弄清楚哪些連詞引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句及一些主語(yǔ)從句的特殊結(jié)構(gòu),準(zhǔn)確地翻譯句子及備選答案,然后選擇最符合題意的選項(xiàng)。
22.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中) ______ was very difficult getting everything ready in time.( )
A. WhatB. ItC. ThatD. This
【考點(diǎn)】it作形式主語(yǔ).
【答案】B
【分析】要把一切按時(shí)準(zhǔn)備好很困難。
【解答】it是形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)getting everything ready in time。B項(xiàng)正確。
故選:B。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】對(duì)于it的用法,要弄清楚it在句中作什么成分,然后辨別it是作形式主語(yǔ),還是形式賓語(yǔ),或是作代詞使用等。
23.(1分)(2009?陜西)I still remember _________ t the Famen Temple and what I saw there.( )
A.t takeB.t be taken
C.takingD.being taken
【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式.
【答案】D
【分析】我仍然記得五歲時(shí)被帶著去法門(mén)寺和在那看到的一切.
【解答】答案 D根據(jù)句意可知,本題考查remember ding sth記得做過(guò)某事,而remember t d 是記得去做,我應(yīng)該是被帶去了,應(yīng)該使用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式作賓語(yǔ),
故選:D。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式,需要認(rèn)真分析句子成分,并了解主被動(dòng)關(guān)系,平時(shí)多積累一些有關(guān)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法,這樣才可能提高正確率.
24.(1分)(2020秋?潮南區(qū)期末)I will never frget the day ________I jined the League.( )
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where
【考點(diǎn)】關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句.
【答案】C
【分析】我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我入團(tuán)的那一天。
【解答】考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是the day,I jined the League是定語(yǔ)從句,做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),故用關(guān)系副詞when。
故選:C。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)鍵把握正確的關(guān)系詞,學(xué)生要有扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)基礎(chǔ),分析句子,選擇正確的關(guān)系詞。
25.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)I'm ne f the bys ____ never late fr schl.( )
A.that isB.wh areC.wh amD.wh is
【考點(diǎn)】關(guān)系代詞wh引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句.
【答案】B
【分析】我是從不遲到的孩子中的一個(gè).
【解答】考查定語(yǔ)從句.在"ne f+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語(yǔ)從句"中,定語(yǔ)從句一般被看成修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞,因此該從句的謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式;在"the nly ne f+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語(yǔ)從句"中,定語(yǔ)從句??闯尚揎梿螖?shù)名詞,從句謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式.這里先行詞是bys,所以B選項(xiàng)符合.
故選:B.
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】定語(yǔ)從句又稱(chēng)為形容詞性從句,綜觀歷年高考試題,我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)該語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目是測(cè)試中的熱點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn),解定語(yǔ)從句的題目首先要知道哪一句是主句,哪一句是從句,被修飾的詞是誰(shuí),從句中的句子成分缺失什么,根據(jù)缺失成分的不同從而選出相對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)系代詞或者關(guān)系副詞,從而選出正確的答案,解題的關(guān)鍵是從句句子的成分分析.
26.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中) Her sister,______ yu met at my hme,was a teacher f English.( )
A. whmB. thatC. which.D. what
【考點(diǎn)】關(guān)系代詞whm引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句.
【答案】A
【分析】你在我家見(jiàn)過(guò)的她姐姐是一名英語(yǔ)教師。
【解答】先行詞Her sister在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作動(dòng)詞met的賓語(yǔ),指人,用關(guān)系代詞whm引導(dǎo)從句,A項(xiàng)正確。
故選:A。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查定語(yǔ)從句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出從句的先行詞及從句與先行詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系,把主句與從句分別翻譯出來(lái),然后依照邏輯關(guān)系把句子銜接起來(lái)。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有wh,whm,whse,which,that等和關(guān)系副詞where,when ,why等,關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)任句子成分。如果該從句中缺少主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),就要用關(guān)系代詞來(lái)連接從句;如果從句中缺少狀語(yǔ),就得用關(guān)系副詞來(lái)連接從句。
27.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)There is a gentleman ______ t see yu.( )
A. askedB.a(chǎn)skingC. t askD. ask
【考點(diǎn)】現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式.
【答案】B
【分析】有一位先生要求見(jiàn)你。
【解答】ask"要求",句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞is,ask與gentleman之間是主謂關(guān)系,為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。B項(xiàng)正確。
故選:B。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的現(xiàn)在分詞主要起形容詞和副詞的作用,在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ),弄清楚現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成,時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài),然后根據(jù)題意及上下文選擇最合適的答案。
28.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)These bks are fr students,______ mther language is nt English.( )
A. f whmB. thatC. whichD. whse
【考點(diǎn)】關(guān)系代詞whse引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句.
【答案】D
【分析】這些書(shū)是給那些母語(yǔ)不是英語(yǔ)的學(xué)生的。
【解答】先行詞students在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作名詞詞組mther language的定語(yǔ),用關(guān)系代詞whse引導(dǎo)從句。D項(xiàng)正確。
故選:D。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查定語(yǔ)從句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出從句的先行詞及從句與先行詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系,把主句與從句分別翻譯出來(lái),然后依照邏輯關(guān)系把句子銜接起來(lái)。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有wh,whm,whse,which,that等和關(guān)系副詞where,when ,why等,關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)任句子成分。如果該從句中缺少主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),就要用關(guān)系代詞來(lái)連接從句;如果從句中缺少狀語(yǔ),就得用關(guān)系副詞來(lái)連接從句。
29.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)He is the nly persn______ I want t talk with.( )
A. thatB. whC. whichD. why
【考點(diǎn)】關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句.
【答案】A
【分析】他是我唯一想要交談的人。
【解答】先行詞persn在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞with的賓語(yǔ),指人,因其前有nly修飾時(shí)只能用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)從句。A項(xiàng)正確。
故選:A。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查定語(yǔ)從句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出從句的先行詞及從句與先行詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系,把主句與從句分別翻譯出來(lái),然后依照邏輯關(guān)系把句子銜接起來(lái)。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有wh,whm,whse,which,that等和關(guān)系副詞where,when ,why等,關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)任句子成分。如果該從句中缺少主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),就要用關(guān)系代詞來(lái)連接從句;如果從句中缺少狀語(yǔ),就得用關(guān)系副詞來(lái)連接從句。
30.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)An expert,tgether with sme assistants,______ t help with this wrk.( )
A. was sentB. sentC. were sentD. have sent
【考點(diǎn)】就近、就遠(yuǎn)一致.
【答案】A
【分析】一位專(zhuān)家和一些助理被派去幫助這項(xiàng)工作。
【解答】tgether with連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)使用就前原則,即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式和該詞前面的主語(yǔ)部分保持一致。本句tgether with前面的主語(yǔ)An expert是單數(shù),所以橫線(xiàn)處的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),且主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞send之間是被動(dòng)冠詞,所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
故選:A。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查主謂一致,掌握就遠(yuǎn)一致原則是解答此題的關(guān)鍵。
31.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)This is the huse ______ he has lived in fr 15 years.( )
A. whereB. thatC. in whichD. when
【考點(diǎn)】關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句.
【答案】B
【分析】這是他住了15年的房子。
【解答】先行詞the huse在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞in的賓語(yǔ),指物,用關(guān)系代詞that/which引導(dǎo)從句。B項(xiàng)正確。
故選:B。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查定語(yǔ)從句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出從句的先行詞及從句與先行詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系,把主句與從句分別翻譯出來(lái),然后依照邏輯關(guān)系把句子銜接起來(lái)。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有wh,whm,whse,which,that等和關(guān)系副詞where,when ,why等,關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)任句子成分。如果該從句中缺少主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),就要用關(guān)系代詞來(lái)連接從句;如果從句中缺少狀語(yǔ),就得用關(guān)系副詞來(lái)連接從句。
32.(1分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中)Much ______ ,she came back hme.( )
A. discurageB. t discurage
C. discuragingD. discuraged
【考點(diǎn)】過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義.
【答案】D
【分析】她很沮喪,回了家。
【解答】discurage"使沮喪",過(guò)去分詞轉(zhuǎn)換的形容詞常常修飾人或者與人有關(guān)的事物。D項(xiàng)正確。
故選:D。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。它的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子的主語(yǔ)。因此關(guān)鍵看它和句子主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系。如果是和句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系,使用現(xiàn)在分詞,若構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,使用過(guò)去分詞。若表目的,使用不定式。
第三部分讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)(滿(mǎn)分25分)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫(xiě)的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。
33.(25分)(2023春?福田區(qū)校級(jí)期中) Minnie lived with her mm in a fancy huse with tall glass windws.Thugh her mm wuld be able t buy her lts f beautiful things,nbdy can"buy"a dad.Althugh she was surrunded by a life f luxury,that was nt all she really wanted.
One day,when Minnie's teacher Mr.Thmpsn made a surprising annuncement in class,Minnie felt very upset.
"Kids,tmrrw is Father's Day!And at schl,we're all celebrating it by having breakfast with dads!All f yu get t bring yur dads r anyne yu lk up t as yur dad t schl tmrrw.We'll all sit in ne big circle,share funny stries,sing sngs,have breakfast tgether,and have lts f fun!"
"It's the wrst idea ever!"Minnie stuck her lip ut and crssed her arms.
Fr the rest f the day,all the kids culd talk abut was wh they were ging t bring t the class.Mst kids were talking up their fathers:businessmen,plicemen,engineers,and even an actr.A few thers were bringing their favrite uncles and grandfathers.Everybdy had smebdy wh was a father figure,except fr Minnie.By the time schl was ver,Minnie was exhausted(筋疲力盡的) frm aviding questins frm her classmates and was ne questin away frm bursting int tears.
As it turned ut,that final questin wuld cme frm the teacher, had nticed the light ging ut in Minnie's eyes ever since the "breakfast with dads"annuncement that day.And after schl,he sptted the sad little girl sitting alne by the schl gate,waiting fr her Mm t pick her up."Are yu all right,Minnie?"he asked,and the child hugged his legs and cried.
After getting hme that evening,Mr.Thmpsn culdn't shake ff the sadness he had seen n Minnie's face and the heartbreaking secret she had tld him.Then,Mr.Thmpsn had an idea.He put ut a pst n scial media,sharing Minnie's stry and asking fr a dad t vlunteer fr Minnie and shw up t schl the next day as her father figure.
Paragraph 1:
Mr.Thmpsn hped sme kind man wuld agree t the unusual request.
Paragraph 2:
The next day,Minnie went t schl dwn heartedly,nt knwing a big surprise was waiting fr her.
【考點(diǎn)】讀后續(xù)寫(xiě).
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Mr.Thmpsn hped sme kind man wuld agree t the unusual request.Thirty minutes later,his phne buzzed.And it buzzed again and again.By the time the teacher checked his phne,he was shcked t see the number flashing acrss the screen. "50 vlunteers?Am I reading this right?" Mr Thmpsn gasped.He put n his glasses and read thrugh all the respnses n his pst.He was s surprised.These 50 vlunteers all wanted t cme and help Minnie.
Paragraph 2:
The next day,Minnie went t schl dwn heartedly,nt knwing a big surprise was waiting fr her.Mr Thmpsn said her name last after the ther kids had intrduced their dads t the class.Just as Minnie was abut t say that she had n ne,Mr Thmpsn held her shulders and said, "Minnie,I knw yu wanted t bring a father figure,and yu thught there wasn't ne.Yu are right abut that,my dear.There isn't ne father figure wh has shwn up fr yu;there are 50!"Minnie was cnfused at first,but when she saw thse "dads",she was bviusly happy.The vlunteers jined the ther dads and kids fr the day,taking part in every game.They had a happy and memrable day.
【分析】本文為記敘文,講述了被單身的富有女士收養(yǎng)的Minnie因?yàn)闆](méi)有父親而郁郁寡歡,父親節(jié)時(shí)老師要求每個(gè)孩子都邀請(qǐng)自己的父親來(lái)共進(jìn)早餐。在得知Minnie的情況后,老師在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上發(fā)布了倡議,最終有50名志愿者來(lái)到學(xué)校愿意作為Minnie的"father"陪她度過(guò)父親節(jié)的暖心故事。
高分句型一:There isn't ne father figure wh has shwn up fr yu;there are 50!
譯文:沒(méi)有一個(gè)父親的形象出現(xiàn)在你面前;有50個(gè)!
分析:這句話(huà)使用了wh引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。
高分句型二:The vlunteers jined the ther dads and kids fr the day,taking part in every game.
譯文:志愿者們加入了其他爸爸和孩子們的行列,參加了每一場(chǎng)比賽。
分析:這句話(huà)使用了現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)taking part in every game作狀語(yǔ)。
【解答】 Paragraph 1:
Mr.Thmpsn hped sme kind man wuld agree t the unusual request.Thirty minutes later,his phne buzzed.And it buzzed again and again.By the time the teacher checked his phne,he was shcked t see the number flashing acrss the screen. "50 vlunteers?Am I reading this right?" Mr Thmpsn gasped.He put n his glasses and read thrugh all the respnses n his pst.He was s surprised.These 50 vlunteers all wanted t cme and help Minnie. (不斷有志愿者打電話(huà)給老師,要做Minnie的"父親")
Paragraph 2:
The next day,Minnie went t schl dwn heartedly,nt knwing a big surprise was waiting fr her.Mr Thmpsn said her name last after the ther kids had intrduced their dads t the class.Just as Minnie was abut t say that she had n ne,Mr Thmpsn held her shulders and said, "Minnie,I knw yu wanted t bring a father figure,and yu thught there wasn't ne.Yu are right abut that,my dear.There isn't ne father figure wh has shwn up fr yu;there are 50! 【高分句型一】"Minnie was cnfused at first,but when she saw thse "dads",she was bviusly happy.The vlunteers jined the ther dads and kids fr the day,taking part in every game. 【高分句型二】They had a happy and memrable day. (Minnie與這些"父親們"開(kāi)心互動(dòng)的景象)
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】解題方法點(diǎn)撥
(1)品讀原文。確定文章線(xiàn)索
每篇文章都有各自獨(dú)特的寫(xiě)作思路,通過(guò)精讀文章,找到該篇文章的寫(xiě)作線(xiàn)索。如是以時(shí)間為線(xiàn)索還是以空間為線(xiàn)索等這樣有利于考生"順藤摸瓜(結(jié)尾)"。
(2)仔細(xì)審題,明確續(xù)寫(xiě)要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有對(duì)此類(lèi)短文續(xù)寫(xiě)的具體要求,如詞數(shù)限制使用幾處標(biāo)有下劃線(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)。續(xù)寫(xiě)段落的首句提示,這樣考生可以做到"心中有數(shù)"。
(3)回扣原文,揣摩續(xù)寫(xiě)思路
根據(jù)文章后面的要求,再次快速閱讀短文,抓住文章的思路結(jié)合段首的提示語(yǔ)最終確定續(xù)寫(xiě)段落的思路。同時(shí)結(jié)合文章畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞語(yǔ)提示,確定續(xù)寫(xiě)段落的內(nèi)容。
(4)擬寫(xiě)草稿,修改錯(cuò)詞病句
在確定了思路和內(nèi)容之后。最關(guān)鍵的就是結(jié)合提示語(yǔ)或者文中畫(huà)線(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞擬寫(xiě)草稿。擬寫(xiě)時(shí),注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣性,語(yǔ)言的豐富性,并通過(guò)句與句之間連接詞的正確使用,使上下文連貫。
考點(diǎn)卡片
1.名詞詞義辨析
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
名詞是指人、地點(diǎn)、事物、行為、品質(zhì)、抽象概念、感情等的名稱(chēng)的詞。名詞可分為專(zhuān)有名詞和普通名詞兩大類(lèi)。普通名詞又可分為個(gè)體名詞、集體名詞、物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞。一般地說(shuō),個(gè)體名詞和集體名詞是可數(shù)的,稱(chēng)為可數(shù)名詞,有單、復(fù)數(shù)之分;物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞是不可數(shù)的,稱(chēng)為不可數(shù)名詞,通常只有單數(shù),但在某些具體情況下也可以用復(fù)數(shù)。該考點(diǎn)通常出現(xiàn)在單項(xiàng)選擇題、完形填空題等題型中,主要涉及形近或義近的名詞在詞義、用法、搭配等方面的比較和辨析,目的是考查考生的詞匯掌握程度和語(yǔ)境理解能力。
1.專(zhuān)有名詞:表示特定的、獨(dú)一無(wú)二的人或物(人名、地名、國(guó)家名、景觀名等)。
2.普通名詞:
(1)個(gè)體名詞
用來(lái)表示單個(gè)人或事物的名詞.如:astrnaut,building等.
(2)集體名詞
用來(lái)指一群人或一些事物總稱(chēng)的名詞.如:family,grup等.
(3)物質(zhì)名詞
用來(lái)指無(wú)法分為個(gè)體的物質(zhì)、材料的名詞.如:water,rice等.
(4)抽象名詞
用來(lái)指人或事物的品質(zhì)、情感、狀態(tài)等,抽象概念的詞的名詞.如:health,educatin等.
【典型例題】
The watch is still under ______.Yu can have it repaired free f charge.( )
A.prtectin B.Cntrl C.bservatin D.guarantee
分析:這塊表還在保修期內(nèi)。您的表可以免費(fèi)得到修理。
解答:A.prtectin保護(hù);B.cntrl控制;C.bservatin觀察;遵守D.guarantee保證。根據(jù)句意"這塊表還在保修期內(nèi)。您的表可以免費(fèi)得到修理。"可知,固定短語(yǔ)under guarantee"在保修期內(nèi)"符合題意。
故選:D。
點(diǎn)評(píng):考查名詞詞義辨析,弄清楚各個(gè)名詞的含義并區(qū)別各個(gè)名詞之間的差異,了解某些名詞的特殊用法,然后結(jié)合語(yǔ)境選擇正確答案。
【解題思路】
1.理解題意:仔細(xì)閱讀題干,理解題目所給出的語(yǔ)境,確定需要辨析的名詞。
2.比較選項(xiàng):將選項(xiàng)中的名詞進(jìn)行比較,找出它們之間的相似和不同之處。
3.考慮搭配:考慮名詞與其他詞匯的搭配,例如形容詞、動(dòng)詞等,以及它們?cè)诰渥又械恼Z(yǔ)法功能。
4.考慮語(yǔ)境:根據(jù)題目所給出的語(yǔ)境,結(jié)合上下文,選擇符合語(yǔ)境的名詞。
2.動(dòng)詞詞義辨析
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
動(dòng)詞分為及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞。該考點(diǎn)主要涉及形近或義近的動(dòng)詞,在詞義、用法、搭配等方面進(jìn)行比較和辨析,如被動(dòng)形式中英漢表達(dá)的不同,同義、反義、近義詞的辨析以及區(qū)分不同動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞詞組的不同含義等。這類(lèi)考題通常出現(xiàn)在單項(xiàng)選擇題、完形填空題等題型中,主要考查考生對(duì)詞匯的掌握程度和語(yǔ)境理解能力。
【典型例題】
The purpse f the prject is t ______ public cnfidence in ur gvernment again,which will help carry ut wrk mre smthly.( )
A.represent B.restre C.release D.remve
分析:該項(xiàng)目的目的是恢復(fù)公眾對(duì)政府的信心,這將有助于更順利地開(kāi)展工作。
解答:A.represent代表;B.restre恢復(fù);歸還;C.release釋放;D.remve消除;脫掉。根據(jù)which will help carry ut wrk mre smthly可知,恢復(fù)公眾對(duì)政府的信心是該項(xiàng)目的目的。
故選:B。
點(diǎn)評(píng):本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。學(xué)生需正確理解句意,根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞句判斷空處表達(dá)的含義。掌握備選詞匯的中文意思是解答本題的關(guān)鍵。
【解題思路】
1.理解題意:仔細(xì)閱讀題干,理解題目所給出的語(yǔ)境,確定需要辨析的動(dòng)詞,然后找出信息詞,理順句意,最后再做最佳選擇。
2.比較選項(xiàng):將選項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行比較,找出它們之間的相似和不同之處,包括詞形、詞義、用法等。
3.考慮搭配:考慮動(dòng)詞與其他詞匯的搭配,例如名詞、副詞、介詞等,以及它們?cè)诰渥又械恼Z(yǔ)法功能。
4.考慮語(yǔ)境:根據(jù)題目所給出的語(yǔ)境,結(jié)合上下文,選擇符合語(yǔ)境的動(dòng)詞。
3.形容詞詞義辨析
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
該考點(diǎn)主要涉及形近或義近的形容詞,在詞義、用法、搭配等方面進(jìn)行比較和辨析。這類(lèi)考題通常出現(xiàn)在單項(xiàng)選擇題、完形填空題等題型中,主要考查考生對(duì)詞匯的掌握程度和語(yǔ)境理解能力。
常見(jiàn)的易混淆形容詞有:
1.histric:歷史上著名的;與過(guò)去時(shí)代有關(guān)的;histrical:歷史上的
2.electric:用電的,帶電的,有電的;electrical:電的,發(fā)電的
3.ecnmic:經(jīng)濟(jì)的;經(jīng)濟(jì)上的;經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的;ecnmical:經(jīng)濟(jì)的,節(jié)儉的
4.industrial:工業(yè)的;industrius:勤奮的;勤勞的
5.cnsiderable:相當(dāng)多(大的);cnsiderate:體諒的,體貼的 周到的
6.sensible:實(shí)用的,明知的;sensitive:敏感的
7.cntinual:連續(xù)的,斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的;cntinuus:連續(xù)不斷的
8.intense:強(qiáng)烈的,劇烈的,高度的;intensive:精深的,集中的
9.respectable:值得尊敬的,有名望的;respectful:尊敬人的,有禮貌的;respective:分別的,各自的
10.imaginable:可象想的;imaginary:想象中的,不真實(shí)的;imaginative:有想象力的,運(yùn)用想象力的
11.intelligent:有才智的,聰明的;intelligible:易了解的,易領(lǐng)悟的;intellectual:知識(shí)的,智力的
12.cntemptible:deserving cntempt 可卑的;cntemptuus:表示輕視的
13.credible:可信的,可靠的;credulus:輕易相信的,易上當(dāng)?shù)?;creditable:可稱(chēng)贊的
14.alternate:輪流的,交替的;alternative:選擇的,兩者選一的
15.cmparable 可比較的,有類(lèi)似之處的;cmparative 比較而言的,相當(dāng)?shù)?br>16.plitic 精明的;plitical 政治的
17.beneficial 有益的;beneficent 多多行善的
18.fficial 官方的;fficius 多管閑事的
19.ptent 強(qiáng)有力的;ptential 潛在的,可能的
20.cnfident 有信心的,自信的;cnfidential 機(jī)密的
21.negligent 忽視的,粗心大意的;negligible 可忽視的
22.mmentary 瞬時(shí)的,短時(shí)的;mmentus 重大的
23.memrable 值得記憶的,不能忘卻的;memrial 紀(jì)念的
24.scial 社會(huì)的;sciable 善社交的
25.childish 幼稚的;childlike 孩子般的
26.distinct:明顯的,清晰的;distinctive:獨(dú)特的,有區(qū)別的
27.classic 一流的;classical 古典的
28.cmprehensible 可理解的;cmprehensive 全面的,綜合的
29.disinterested 公平的;uninterested 冷淡的
30.earthly 人間的,塵世的;earthy 泥土似的
31.effective 有效的;efficient 有效率的;effectual 奏效的
32.exceptinable 反對(duì)的;exceptinal 非凡的
33.fatal 致命的;fateful 決定性的
34.fleshly 肉體的;fleshy 肥胖的
35.hmely 家常的;hmelike 象家的
36.im/unpractical 不切合實(shí)際的;impracticable 無(wú)法使用的
37.ingenius 有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的;ingenuus 直率的,天真的
38.manly 男人氣派的;male 男的;masculine 男性的
39.mvable 可移動(dòng)的,變動(dòng)的;mbile 可動(dòng)的,活動(dòng)地
40.mysterius 神秘的;mystical 奧妙的
41.ntable 著名的(指事;nted 著名的(指人
42.Practical 實(shí)際的;practicable 可行的,通行的
43.regretful 遺憾的(指人;regrettable 遺憾的(指事
44.seasnable 及時(shí)的;seasnal 季節(jié)的
45.spiritual 精神的;spirituus 酒精的
46.trtuus 彎曲的;trturus 受刑的
47.transitry 短時(shí)間的(指事;transient 瞬時(shí)的(指人
48.elementary 基本的;elemental 自然的
49.healthy 健康的;healthful 有易于健康的
50.likely 可能的;likable 可愛(ài)的
51.desirable 合意的;desirus 渴望的
52.clean 干凈的;cleanly 有干凈習(xí)慣的
53.kind 慈善地;kindly 友好的,親切的
54.tempral 一時(shí)的,暫時(shí)的,世俗的;temprary 暫時(shí)的,臨時(shí)的
【典型例題】
We will wrk hard t transfrm the ecnmic develpment pattern,restructure the ecnmy and set ut n a path f balanced and develpment.( )
A.severe B.a(chǎn)larming C.a(chǎn)ppealing D.sustainable
分析:我們將努力轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式,調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu),走平衡可持續(xù)發(fā)展道路。
解答:A.severe嚴(yán)重的;B.alarming令人驚慌的;C.appealing吸引人的;D.sustainable可持續(xù)的。根據(jù)句意"我們將努力轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式,調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu),走平衡可持續(xù)發(fā)展道路。"可知,形容詞sustainable"可持續(xù)的"符合句意。
故選:D。
點(diǎn)評(píng):考查形容詞詞義辨析,弄清楚各個(gè)形容詞的含義并區(qū)別各個(gè)形容詞之間的差異,了解某些形容詞的特殊用法,然后結(jié)合語(yǔ)境選擇正確答案。
【解題思路】
1.理解題意:仔細(xì)閱讀題干,理解題目所給出的語(yǔ)境,確定需要辨析的形容詞。
2.比較選項(xiàng):將選項(xiàng)中的形容詞進(jìn)行比較,找出它們之間的相似和不同之處,包括詞形、詞義、用法等。
3.考慮搭配:考慮形容詞與其他詞匯的搭配,例如名詞、動(dòng)詞、介詞等,以及它們?cè)诰渥又械恼Z(yǔ)法功能。
4.考慮語(yǔ)境:根據(jù)題目所給出的語(yǔ)境,結(jié)合上下文,選擇符合語(yǔ)境的形容詞。
4.副詞詞義辨析
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
該考點(diǎn)主要涉及副詞之間的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系。這類(lèi)考題通常出現(xiàn)在單項(xiàng)選擇題、完形填空題等題型中,主要考查考生對(duì)詞匯的掌握程度和語(yǔ)境理解能力。
常見(jiàn)的易混淆副詞有:
1.t,enugh,s
(1)t作副詞,用在"t…t"結(jié)構(gòu)中,t…t結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞不定式部分為否定意義,意為"太……而不能……".如:
He is t yung t g t schl.他年齡太小了不能上學(xué).
(2)enugh用作副詞時(shí),意為"足夠","形容詞或副詞原級(jí)+enugh t"結(jié)構(gòu)意為"足以能夠",是肯定意義.如:
He is ld enugh t g t schl.他到了上學(xué)的年齡了.
(3)s意為"如此",用于"s…that…(如此……以至于……)",s后接形容詞或副詞,that后面加從句.如:
He is s ld that he can't g n wrking.他年齡太大,不能繼續(xù)工作了.
2.already,still,yet
(1)already通常用于完成時(shí)的肯定句中,表示"已經(jīng)".如:
I have already seen the film.我已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了.
(2)yet用來(lái)談?wù)撃呈率欠褚呀?jīng)發(fā)生,多用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中.在疑問(wèn)句中,意為"已經(jīng)",在否定句中意為"還,尚",通常放在句末;nt yet可用于簡(jiǎn)略回答,意為"還沒(méi)有".如:
He hasn't finished reading the bk yet.他還沒(méi)有讀完這本書(shū).
﹣Have yu finished yur hmewrk?你完成家庭作業(yè)了嗎?
﹣N,nt yet.不,還沒(méi)有.
(3)still意為"仍然,還",強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情及存在的狀況目前還在延續(xù).在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中,still只表示動(dòng)作正在持續(xù).如:
He's still living with his mther.他仍與母親住在一起.
3.either,als,t
(1)als用于肯定句,常用在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前be動(dòng)詞后.如:
He als attended the meeting yesterday.昨天他也參加了會(huì)議.
He is als a scientist.他也是科學(xué)家.
(2)t用于肯定句,在句末,t前須有逗號(hào).如:
He can swim,t.他也會(huì)游泳.
(3)either用于否定句,通常放在句末,之前需加逗號(hào).如:
He didn't attend the meeting,either.他也沒(méi)去參加會(huì)議.
4.ag,befre
(1)ag表示"從現(xiàn)在起若干時(shí)間以前",常與動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去式連用,而且ag只能作副詞.如:
He left Shanghai three days ag.他三天前離開(kāi)了上海.
(2)befre表示"從過(guò)去某時(shí)起若干時(shí)間以前",常與過(guò)去完成式連用.befre既可作副詞又可作介詞和連詞.如:
I had finished the wrk tw days befre.兩天前我已完成了工作.(副詞)
5.hard與hardly
(1)當(dāng)hard用作副詞時(shí),意為"努力地、困難地、猛烈地"等.如:
Des Tm wrk hard at his lessns?湯姆學(xué)習(xí)努力嗎?
It's raining hard utside nw.Dn't g ut.現(xiàn)在外面正下著大雨,不要出去.
(2)hardly并不是hard加上后綴所構(gòu)成的副詞,hardly只能用作副詞,意為"幾乎沒(méi)有、幾乎不".如:
I can hardly see anything n the blackbard.我?guī)缀蹩床灰?jiàn)黑板上的任何東西.
【典型例題】
Dale tk his mther's advice,tried desperately and after several attempts ________ made it.( )
A.finally B.Hpefully C.nrmally D.reasnably
分析:戴爾聽(tīng)從了母親的建議,拼命地試了幾次,終于成功了。
解答:A.finally最后;B.hpefully滿(mǎn)懷希望地;C.nrmally正常地;D.reasnably合情合理地。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處為副詞作狀語(yǔ),結(jié)合句意可知,此處表示"最終"符合句意。
故選:A。
點(diǎn)評(píng):本題考查副詞詞義辨析。學(xué)生需正確理解句意,根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞句判斷空處表達(dá)的含義。掌握備選詞匯的中文意思是解答本題的關(guān)鍵。
【解題思路】
1.理解題意:仔細(xì)閱讀題干,理解題目所給出的語(yǔ)境,確定需要辨析的副詞。
2.比較選項(xiàng):將意思相近的副詞進(jìn)行比較,找出它們之間的相似和不同之處。
3.考慮語(yǔ)境:根據(jù)題目所給出的語(yǔ)境,結(jié)合上下文,選擇符合語(yǔ)境的副詞。
5.it作形式主語(yǔ)
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
在英語(yǔ)中,有時(shí)主語(yǔ)不是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的名詞短語(yǔ),而是一個(gè)從句或者一個(gè)短語(yǔ)。在這種情況下,為了保持句子的平衡,避免頭重腳輕的情況,我們常常使用一個(gè)先行詞"it"作為形式的主語(yǔ),而把真正的主語(yǔ)放到句子的后面。
常見(jiàn)的固定搭配:
I wuld appreciated it if…我想知道是否……
It is/was + adj. + fr/f sb.+ t d sth.某人做某事是……
It takes sb.sme time t d sth.做某事花某人時(shí)間
……
【典型例題】
_________ is acknwledged t us all that the ld scientist,fr whm life was hard in the past,still wrks hard in his eighties.
分析:我們大家都知道,這位老科學(xué)家過(guò)去的生活很艱難,但到了80多歲仍然在努力工作。
解答:根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)可知這句話(huà)使用句型It is acknwledged that意為"大家公認(rèn)",it是形式主語(yǔ),that引導(dǎo)真正的主語(yǔ)從句,注意首字母大寫(xiě)。
故填:It。
點(diǎn)評(píng):?jiǎn)卧~填空要求考生不僅具備一定的詞匯量、扎實(shí)的句型和語(yǔ)法知識(shí),還要求學(xué)生能靈活運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)去分析句子。
【解題思路】
1.識(shí)別:如果主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)從句或者一個(gè)短語(yǔ),那么可能存在"it作形式主語(yǔ)"的結(jié)構(gòu)。
2.分析:看看是否有一個(gè)先行詞"it"在句首,后面跟著一個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式、一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞或者一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)作為真正的主語(yǔ)。
3.理解:使用"it"作為形式主語(yǔ)可以使句子更加平衡,避免頭重腳輕,并且可以使主語(yǔ)從句或者短語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)得到更好的強(qiáng)調(diào)。
4.應(yīng)用:知道在什么情況下應(yīng)該使用"it"作為形式主語(yǔ),什么情況下可以直接使用名詞短語(yǔ)作為主語(yǔ)。
6.動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
動(dòng)名詞是一種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式,可以表示動(dòng)詞的名詞形式,具有名詞的語(yǔ)法特征。動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式是指動(dòng)名詞的形式用來(lái)表示被動(dòng)動(dòng)作或被動(dòng)狀態(tài),即動(dòng)名詞在句子中的邏輯主語(yǔ)在意義上是動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)作的賓語(yǔ)時(shí),我們應(yīng)當(dāng)用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式。"being + 過(guò)去分詞"是動(dòng)名詞被動(dòng)式的一般形式。
用法:
1.動(dòng)名詞一般式的被動(dòng)式
動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式表明它與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,而動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式則表明它與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。如:
She likes being lked at.她喜歡被人瞧。
He hates being interrupted.他不愿意人打斷她的話(huà)。
2.動(dòng)名詞完成式的被動(dòng)式
動(dòng)名詞完成式的被動(dòng)式有兩個(gè)語(yǔ)法特征,一是表明它與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,二是它表明它先于主要?jiǎng)幼魍瓿?。如?br>She' S angry abut nt having been invited.她對(duì)沒(méi)有受到邀請(qǐng)感到生氣。
I can' t frgive myself fr having been taken by surprise.我不能原諒自己被打了個(gè)冷不防。
由于動(dòng)名詞的一般式有時(shí)也可以表示先于主要?jiǎng)幼鞯谋粍?dòng)動(dòng)作,所以動(dòng)名詞的完成被動(dòng)式有時(shí)也可簡(jiǎn)化為一般式的被動(dòng)式,即省去"having been+過(guò)去分詞"中的having been。如:
He resented being (having been) accused.他受到指責(zé)很生氣。
【典型例題】
______ twice a year,whether it is a car,a bus r a truck,is the rule that every driver must bey in this city.( )
A.Examining
B.Having examined
C.T examine
D.Being examined
分析:無(wú)論是轎車(chē),公交車(chē)還是卡車(chē),兩年被檢查一次是每個(gè)司機(jī)都必須遵守的規(guī)定。
解答:考查動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:無(wú)論是轎車(chē),公交車(chē)還是卡車(chē),兩年被檢查一次是每個(gè)司機(jī)都必須遵守的規(guī)定。分析句子可知,此處在句中作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是is,所以主語(yǔ)應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式;examine與a car,a bus r a truck之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞的一般被動(dòng)式。
故選:D。
點(diǎn)評(píng):學(xué)生要有扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)基礎(chǔ),分析句子,選擇正確的答案。
【解題思路】
1.確定語(yǔ)境:在解題時(shí),首先要確定句子所處的語(yǔ)境,包括句子結(jié)構(gòu)、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)等。
2.查找動(dòng)名詞:根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,確定需要使用動(dòng)名詞的部分,注意是動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式。
3.選擇正確的形式:根據(jù)題目要求,選擇動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式。動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式通常是在動(dòng)詞后加"﹣ing"的形式,并使用過(guò)去分詞形式表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)被動(dòng)。
4.注意特殊情況:在解題時(shí)要注意一些特殊情況,如省略t的不定式等。在某些情況下,動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式可以作為動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),這時(shí)應(yīng)該省略t。
5.解題技巧:在解題時(shí),要分清句子結(jié)構(gòu)和動(dòng)名詞的成分,確定需要使用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式后再選擇正確的形式。在解題過(guò)程中,還可以利用排除法等技巧,逐步篩選正確答案。
7.現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
現(xiàn)在分詞是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式之一,與句中主語(yǔ)為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系,與句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生,或基本上同時(shí)發(fā)生。現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式表示動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或者幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生,通常在動(dòng)詞后加﹣ing形式表示。
用法:
現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式所表示的動(dòng)作與主語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生
When we rrived,we fund him sleeping.我們到達(dá)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)他在睡覺(jué)。
Living in the suburbs,we have few visitrs.因?yàn)樽≡诮纪猓覀儧](méi)什么訪(fǎng)客。
注意:有時(shí)現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作也可略于或遲于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作,但西煮之回沒(méi)有時(shí)間間隔:
Seeing nbdy at hme,he decided t leavea nte.發(fā)現(xiàn)沒(méi)人在家,他決定留個(gè)字條。
He went hme,finding the dr lcked.他回到家,發(fā)現(xiàn)門(mén)是鎖著的。
當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作略遲于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作時(shí),現(xiàn)在分詞通常位于句末。
【典型例題】
On the train yu can see incredible landscapes ______ frm muntains t grasslands,frests t rivers.( )
A.ranging
B.t range
C.ranged
D.being ranged
分析:在火車(chē)上,你可以看到令人難以置信的風(fēng)景,從山脈到草原,從森林到河流。
解答:分析可知,空處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ),range和邏輯主語(yǔ)landscapes之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。
故選:A。
點(diǎn)評(píng):本題考查非謂語(yǔ)。學(xué)生需正確理解句意,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),判斷空處的句子成分,從而使用動(dòng)詞的正確形式。
【解題思路】
1.確定語(yǔ)境:在解題時(shí),首先要確定句子所處的語(yǔ)境,包括句子的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)等。
2.查找現(xiàn)在分詞:根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,確定需要使用現(xiàn)在分詞的部分,注意是現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式。
3.選擇正確的形式:根據(jù)題目要求,選擇現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式?,F(xiàn)在分詞的一般式通常是在動(dòng)詞后加﹣ing形式表示。
4.注意特殊情況:在解題時(shí)要注意一些特殊情況,如固定搭配中的現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的使用,某些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式可能和其本身有細(xì)微差別等。
8.過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
過(guò)去分詞是英語(yǔ)中的一種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式,具有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì),可以表示完成時(shí)態(tài)或被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。當(dāng)過(guò)去分詞用于描述動(dòng)作時(shí),它通常表示該動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生并且這個(gè)動(dòng)作是由句子主語(yǔ)承受的,即動(dòng)作具有被動(dòng)性。常在句中作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。
【典型例題】
The traffic prblems we are lking frward t seeing _____have attracted the gvernment's attentin.( )
A.slving
B.slve
C.slved
D.t slve
分析:我們一直盼望能夠得到解決的交通問(wèn)題已經(jīng)引起了政府部門(mén)的關(guān)注.
解答:題干中we are lking frward t seeing是定語(yǔ)從句修飾prblems;省略的關(guān)系詞that指代先行詞,同時(shí)充當(dāng)seeing的賓語(yǔ),即seeing prblems;see sth+非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞ding(主動(dòng)進(jìn)行),過(guò)去分詞(被動(dòng)完成),不定式(主動(dòng)完成);slve與prblems之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,要用過(guò)去分詞。
故選:C。
點(diǎn)評(píng):過(guò)去分詞是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種,用法很靈活,分為簡(jiǎn)單式dne(表示與謂語(yǔ)同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作);完成式having been dne(表示先于謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作)。學(xué)習(xí)時(shí),要把握其用法特征:表示被動(dòng)和完成。同時(shí)還要注意區(qū)分現(xiàn)在分詞和不定式。
【解題思路】
1.確定語(yǔ)境:在解題時(shí),首先要確定句子所處的語(yǔ)境,包括句子的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)等。
2.查找過(guò)去分詞:根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,確定需要使用過(guò)去分詞的部分,注意是過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義。
3.選擇正確的形式:根據(jù)題目要求,選擇過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義的形式。過(guò)去分詞的形式通常是在動(dòng)詞后加﹣ed。
4.注意特殊情況:在解題時(shí)要注意一些特殊情況,如某些動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式可能和其本身有細(xì)微差別,或者某些動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式可能和其動(dòng)詞原形相同。
9.就近、就遠(yuǎn)一致
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
"就近、就遠(yuǎn)一致"是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中的一個(gè)重要原則,它確保了當(dāng)句子中有多個(gè)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)能夠與其中一個(gè)保持一致,避免了歧義和混淆。這個(gè)原則分為三種情況:語(yǔ)法一致,意義一致,就近一致。在英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)和書(shū)面語(yǔ)中非常常見(jiàn),也是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者需要掌握的一個(gè)重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)。
用法:
1.主語(yǔ)是each/every+單數(shù)名詞+and(each/every)+單數(shù)名詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).
Each by and each girl has gt a seat.每個(gè)男孩和女孩都有一個(gè)座位.
Ding eye exercises is gd fr yur eyes.做眼睛保健操對(duì)你的眼睛十分有益.
2.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)部分含有with,tgether with,alng with,as well as,besides,except,but,like 等介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;但"名詞+as well as+名詞"時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般應(yīng)與第一個(gè)名詞一致.
Mike with his father has been t England.邁克同他的父親去過(guò)英格蘭.
3.由and連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式,但and所連接的并列主語(yǔ)是同一個(gè)人,事物,或概念時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).這兩種情況區(qū)分如下:a/the+單數(shù)名詞+and+單數(shù)名詞,指的是同一個(gè)人或物;a/the+單數(shù)名詞+and+a/the+單數(shù)名詞,指兩個(gè)人或物.
The writer and teacher is cming.那位作家兼教師來(lái)了.(作家和教師指同一個(gè)人)
The writer and the teacher are cming.作家和老師來(lái)了.(作家和老師是兩個(gè)人)
4.由bth…and…連接兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;由r,either…r…,neither…nr…,nt nly…but als…,nt…but…,連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),根據(jù)就近原則決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式.
Either my wife r I am ging.……
【典型例題】
The ld prfessr,as well as his students,___________ t attend the graduatin ceremny yesterday.( )
A.were invitedB.was invitedC.have been invitedD.has been invited
分析:昨天那位老教授和他的學(xué)生被邀請(qǐng)參加畢業(yè)典禮。
解答:A.were invited被邀請(qǐng),一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù);B.was invited被邀請(qǐng),一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為單數(shù);C.have been invited被邀請(qǐng),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù);D.has been invited被邀請(qǐng),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday可知,此處在講述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí);主語(yǔ)為T(mén)he ld prfessr,as well as his students,as well as應(yīng)使用就遠(yuǎn)原則,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與The famus musician一致,故用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式,且與invite之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was invited。
故選:B。
點(diǎn)評(píng):先分析選項(xiàng)的意思,再結(jié)合句意選出正確的答案。
【解題思路】
1.確定句子中有無(wú)多個(gè)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),如果有,則需要考慮使用"就近、就遠(yuǎn)一致"。
2.找到最近的名詞,確定其人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的形式。
3.根據(jù)找到的最近的名詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù),來(lái)判斷謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該使用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)形式,是第一人稱(chēng)、第二人稱(chēng)還是第三人稱(chēng)。
4.如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需要與多個(gè)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)保持一致,則需要使用相應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)形式。
10.主語(yǔ)從句
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的從句就是主語(yǔ)從句。主語(yǔ)從句是一個(gè)完整的句子作為主語(yǔ),通過(guò)一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞來(lái)引導(dǎo),如:that,whether,wh,whm,whse,which等。主語(yǔ)從句可以表示一個(gè)事實(shí)、觀點(diǎn)、疑問(wèn)等,但主語(yǔ)從句沒(méi)有實(shí)際的意義,它只是用來(lái)引導(dǎo)主句。
1.用法:
1)that在句中不做成分.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí),不能省略:
That he likes bks f this kind is very interesting.= It's very interesting (that)he likes bks f this kind.
這是用的最多的一種主語(yǔ)從句,但把這種主語(yǔ)從句放在句首是很少的,只是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)或謂語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)才這樣安排.例如:
That prices will g up is certain.
That she is still alive is a cnslatin.
2)當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是seem,appear,be a pity.be a wnder,be likely等時(shí),使用形式主語(yǔ)It,而將真正的主語(yǔ)放在句尾,這時(shí)從屬連詞that可省略。如:
It appeared t scientists n earth (that) the stars had mved.
還有一些例如:絕大部分主語(yǔ)從句都借助先行主語(yǔ)it,that引導(dǎo)的真正的主語(yǔ)放到句子后部去.
a.It +be + 形容詞+that從句:
It is natural that they shuld have different views.
It was quite bvius that she didn't want t cme.
b.It +be + 名詞 +that 從句:
It's a shame that yu're sick.
It's a pity that he can't swim.
c.It + 動(dòng)詞(+ 賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))+ that 從句:
It happened that she wasn't in that day.
It seems that yu're right.
d.It + 動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) + that 從句:
It's said that there has been an earthquake in India.
It's reprted that the enemy trps have crssed the brder.
2.易混淆點(diǎn):
that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí),不在從句充當(dāng)任何的句子成分,也沒(méi)有意思,只起到引導(dǎo)作用.也就是說(shuō)在that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從從句中,如果把that去掉,從句是一個(gè)成分和意思都完整的句子.
what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí),在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ),意思為"什么,.的(東西/事情)".如果把what去掉,從句成分和意思都不完整.what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句不能省略.
What he wants is a bk.他想要的是一本書(shū).
The result is that we wn the game.眾所周知,光是沿直線(xiàn)運(yùn)行.
【典型例題】
________ is knwn t all is that the utstanding academic atmsphere,as well as varius festivals and sprts,draws many students t ur schl.( )
A.It
B.Which
C.What
D.As
分析:眾所周知,優(yōu)秀的學(xué)術(shù)氛圍,以及各種節(jié)日和體育活動(dòng),吸引了很多學(xué)生來(lái)我們學(xué)校。
解答:分析句子可知,空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,從句中缺少主語(yǔ),指物,所以用what引導(dǎo)。
故選:C。
點(diǎn)評(píng):解題時(shí)要區(qū)分清選擇項(xiàng)的含義與區(qū)別,再聯(lián)系句意進(jìn)行判斷,從而選出正確答案??忌龃祟?lèi)題型,要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),理解句意,考慮語(yǔ)境,選擇恰當(dāng)詞。切忌:粗心大意,慣性判斷。要注意細(xì)心分析驗(yàn)證,得出答案。
【解題思路】
1.確定從句的位置:主語(yǔ)從句通常位于主語(yǔ)的位置。在句子中,主語(yǔ)的位置是在動(dòng)詞之前。
2.理解從句的構(gòu)成:主語(yǔ)從句可以用一個(gè)句子來(lái)充當(dāng)主語(yǔ),這個(gè)句子通常是陳述句。
3.識(shí)別引導(dǎo)詞:主語(yǔ)從句通常由一些引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)。
4.注意語(yǔ)氣:主語(yǔ)從句通常使用陳述語(yǔ)氣,而不是疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣。
5.掌握時(shí)態(tài):主語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該與句子的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。
6.注意使用形式主語(yǔ)It。為了避免頭重腳輕,通常使用形式主語(yǔ)It來(lái)代替真實(shí)的主語(yǔ)從句,放在句首,從句放在句尾。
11.表語(yǔ)從句
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
從句在主從復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ),則稱(chēng)之為表語(yǔ)從句。表語(yǔ)主要用于修飾主語(yǔ),說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是什么或者怎么樣,由名詞、形容詞或相當(dāng)于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語(yǔ)充當(dāng),和連系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成主系表結(jié)構(gòu),注意表語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序?yàn)殛愂稣Z(yǔ)序。
1.連接詞
引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的詞有從屬連詞that(不作成分,無(wú)實(shí)際意義,書(shū)面表達(dá)不省略,口語(yǔ)表達(dá)較常省略)、whether(不作成分,翻譯為"是否",不能省略,一般不用if替代)、as thugh(if);關(guān)系代詞wh,what,which,whm,whse,whatever,whever,whmever,whichever等;關(guān)系副詞when,where,why,hw,hwever,whenever,wherever等.可以接表語(yǔ)從句的連系動(dòng)詞由be,lk,remain,seem等.
2.用法:
1)可接表語(yǔ)從句的連系動(dòng)詞有be,lk,seem,sund,appear等.
At that time,it seemed as if I culdn't think f the right wrd.當(dāng)時(shí),我似乎怎么也想不出一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)淖盅蹃?lái).
2)從屬連詞whether,as,as if / thugh引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句.
It sunds as if smene is kncking at the dr.聽(tīng)起來(lái)好像有人在敲門(mén).
The questin is whether the film is wrth seeing.問(wèn)題是這部電影是否值得看.
3)because,why引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句.
That's why he gt angry with me.那正是他對(duì)我生氣的原因.(That's why…強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果)
注意:what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句表示結(jié)果或名詞reasn作主語(yǔ)時(shí),后面的表語(yǔ)從句表示原因時(shí)要用that引導(dǎo),不宜用because.
4)連接代詞wh,whm,whse,what,which,whever,whatever,whichever,連接副詞 where,when,hw,why
The prblem is wh we can get t replace her.問(wèn)題是我們能找到誰(shuí)去替換她呢.
The prblem is hw we can find him.問(wèn)題是我們?nèi)绾握业剿?br>That's where I first met her.那就是我第一次遇見(jiàn)她的地方.
The prblem is wh we can get t replace her.問(wèn)題是我們能找到誰(shuí)去替換她呢.
5)從屬連詞that
The truble is that I have lst his address.麻煩是我把他的地址丟了.
6)使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的表語(yǔ)從句
在表示建議、勸告、命令含義的名詞后的表語(yǔ)從句,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用"shuld+動(dòng)詞原形" 表示,shuld可省略.常見(jiàn)的詞有:advice,suggestin,rder,prpsal,plan,idea等.
My suggestin is that we (shuld) start early tmrrw.我的建議是我們明天一早就出發(fā).
【典型例題】
One f the reasns why Charles Dickens lved his nvel David Cpperfield was___________it was based n his wn life.( )
A.what
B.hw
C.that
D.whether
分析:查爾斯?狄更斯喜歡他的小說(shuō)《大衛(wèi)?科波菲爾》的原因之一是它是以他自己的生活為基礎(chǔ)的。
解答:was后接的表語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)和意思完整,要用連詞that引導(dǎo)從句。C項(xiàng)正確。
故選:C。
點(diǎn)評(píng):考查表語(yǔ)從句,弄清楚哪些連詞引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句及一些表語(yǔ)從句的特殊結(jié)構(gòu),準(zhǔn)確地翻譯句子及備選答案,然后選擇最符合題意的選項(xiàng)。
【解題思路】
1.確定從句的位置:表語(yǔ)從句通常位于主句的表語(yǔ)位置。在句子中,表語(yǔ)的位置是在系動(dòng)詞后面,通常位于主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)之間。
2.識(shí)別引導(dǎo)詞:表語(yǔ)從句通常由一些引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)。
3.注意語(yǔ)氣:表語(yǔ)從句通常使用陳述語(yǔ)氣,而不是疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣。
4.掌握時(shí)態(tài):表語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該與句子的主語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。
12.關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)先行詞從本質(zhì)或特征上進(jìn)行限制的一種定語(yǔ)從句。該考點(diǎn)是英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句中的一種引導(dǎo)詞,它在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中起著關(guān)鍵的作用。that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,可以修飾人或物,在定語(yǔ)從句中作主賓表。需要注意的是,that可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,但不能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。
1.限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,關(guān)系代詞只用that不用which的情況:
①先行詞為不定代詞anything,nthing,smething,everything,all,sme,nne,little,few,the ne等時(shí)。
refuse t accept the blame fr smething that was smene else's fault.
我拒絕接受因別人的錯(cuò)誤而對(duì)我進(jìn)行的指責(zé)。
②先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞,或先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。
The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.
他們?cè)诠鹆謪⒂^的第一個(gè)地方是象鼻山。
③先行詞被the nly,the very,the last,the same,any,every,each,few,little,n,sme,a等修飾時(shí)。
The nly part f the meal that I really liked was the dessert.這頓飯只有甜點(diǎn)是我真正愛(ài)吃的。
④先行詞中既有表示人又有表示物的名詞時(shí)。
They will never frget the things and persns that they've seen r heard f during their lng jurney.
他們將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記在他們的長(zhǎng)途旅行中見(jiàn)到或聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)的人和事。
【典型例題】
This is the nly bus________ges t the village schl.( )
A.Which
B.that
C.where
D./
分析:這是唯一一輛去鄉(xiāng)村學(xué)校的公共汽車(chē)。
解答:分析句子可知,橫線(xiàn)處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞bus被the nly修飾,引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。
故選:B。
點(diǎn)評(píng):根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定定語(yǔ)從句,根據(jù)先行詞確定引導(dǎo)詞。
【解題思路】
1.確定關(guān)系代詞的指代關(guān)系:首先需要確定關(guān)系代詞that指代的是先行詞中的哪一個(gè)詞。一般情況下,that指代的是先行詞中的人或物。
2.確定關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分:關(guān)系代詞that一般在定語(yǔ)從句中作主賓表。
3.根據(jù)句子的語(yǔ)境來(lái)判斷指代關(guān)系。
13.關(guān)系代詞wh引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)先行詞從本質(zhì)或特征上進(jìn)行限制的一種定語(yǔ)從句。該考點(diǎn)是英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句中的一種引導(dǎo)詞,它在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中起著關(guān)鍵的作用。wh引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,可以修飾人,在定語(yǔ)從句中作主賓表。值得注意的是,wh在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),不可省略,作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)時(shí),可省略。wh在引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可用that替換。
例句:
I've becme gd friends with several f the students in my schl wh/whm/that I met in the English speech cntest last year.
我與好幾位去年在英語(yǔ)演講比賽中結(jié)識(shí)的同校同學(xué)成了好朋友。
The persn I want t talk abut with yu is Tu Yuyu,the ne wh wn the Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine in 2015.
我想與你討論的人是屠呦呦,2015年獲得諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的人。
【典型例題】
Thse_________saw Han Gan's hrse paintings all sang high praises fr his unique skill,saying that his hrses" culd gallp ff the paper".( )
A.which
B.wh
C.whse
D.whm
分析:看過(guò)韓干的馬畫(huà)的人都對(duì)他的絕技贊不絕口,說(shuō)他的馬"能在紙上馳騁"。
解答:根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)可知這句話(huà)使用定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是thse指"那些人",定語(yǔ)從句缺少主語(yǔ),用wh引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
故選:B。
點(diǎn)評(píng):解題時(shí)要區(qū)分清選擇項(xiàng)的含義與區(qū)別,再聯(lián)系句意進(jìn)行判斷,從而選出正確答案。考生做此類(lèi)題型,要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),理解句意,考慮語(yǔ)境,選擇恰當(dāng)詞。切忌:粗心大意,慣性判斷。要注意細(xì)心分析驗(yàn)證,得出答案。
【解題思路】
1.確定關(guān)系代詞的指代關(guān)系:首先需要確定關(guān)系代詞wh指代的是先行詞中的哪一個(gè)詞。一般情況下,wh指代的先行詞是人。
2.確定關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分:關(guān)系代詞wh一般在定語(yǔ)從句中作主賓表。
3.根據(jù)句子的語(yǔ)境來(lái)判斷指代關(guān)系。
14.關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)先行詞從本質(zhì)或特征上進(jìn)行限制的一種定語(yǔ)從句。該考點(diǎn)是英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句中的一種引導(dǎo)詞,當(dāng)先行詞為時(shí)間范疇的詞,而且定語(yǔ)從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),用when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,相當(dāng)于"介詞+which"。
例句:
Octber 1,1949 was the day when (=n which) the Peple' S Republic f China was funded.
1949年10月1日是中華人民共和國(guó)成立的日子。
【典型例題】
Can yu spare me sme time?Because I've gt t talk t yu abut the mment ________ yu made me crss.( )
A.when
B.which
C.a(chǎn)s
D.hw
分析:你能抽出點(diǎn)時(shí)間嗎?因?yàn)槲业酶阏務(wù)勀闳俏疑鷼獾哪且豢獭?br>解答:分析句子可知,此處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為the mment,在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),用關(guān)系副詞when。
故選:A。
點(diǎn)評(píng):關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
【解題思路】
1.確定關(guān)系副詞的指代關(guān)系:首先需要確定關(guān)系副詞指代的是先行詞中的哪一個(gè)詞。一般情況下,when指代的先行詞是時(shí)間范疇的詞。
2.確定關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分:關(guān)系副詞when一般在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
3.根據(jù)句子的語(yǔ)境來(lái)判斷指代關(guān)系。
15.關(guān)系代詞whm引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
非限定性定語(yǔ)從句起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用,在句子中不充當(dāng)成分,缺少也不會(huì)影響全句的理解,它與主句往往用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。whm它在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中起著關(guān)鍵的作用。whm引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾人,在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)。
例句:
Jim,whm yu met in China,is nw back in Paris.
吉米現(xiàn)在回巴黎了,你在中國(guó)見(jiàn)過(guò)他。
【典型例題】
Later,the medicine was tested n malaria patients,mst f _______ recvered.( )
A.which
B.whm
C.them
D.that
分析:后來(lái),這種藥在瘧疾患者身上進(jìn)行了測(cè)試,大多數(shù)患者都康復(fù)了。
解答:此處為"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"結(jié)構(gòu)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞patients,且作介詞f的賓語(yǔ),指人,應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whm。B項(xiàng)正確。
故選:B。
點(diǎn)評(píng):考查定語(yǔ)從句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出從句的先行詞及從句與先行詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系,把主句與從句分別翻譯出來(lái),然后依照邏輯關(guān)系把句子銜接起來(lái)。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有wh,whm,whse,which,that等和關(guān)系副詞where,when ,why等,關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)任句子成分。如果該從句中缺少主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),就要用關(guān)系代詞來(lái)連接從句;如果從句中缺少狀語(yǔ),就得用關(guān)系副詞來(lái)連接從句。
【解題思路】
1.確定關(guān)系代詞的指代關(guān)系:首先需要確定關(guān)系代詞指代的是先行詞中的哪一個(gè)詞。一般情況下,whm指代的是先行詞中的人。
2.確定關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分:關(guān)系代詞whm一般在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)。
16.關(guān)系代詞whse引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
非限定性定語(yǔ)從句起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用,在句子中不充當(dāng)成分,缺少也不會(huì)影響全句的理解,它與主句往往用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。whse引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,具體用法如下:指人:whse在從句中作定語(yǔ),可修飾名詞或代詞,通常是指人的。指物:whse也可指物,在從句中作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞。Whse+名詞=the+名詞+f which/whm或者f which/whm+the+名詞
例句:
Mrs.Gray,whse children are in cllege,is trying t get a jb.
格雷太太的孩子們都在上大學(xué),她想找一份工作。
【典型例題】
A Russian entrepreneur,Dmitry Itskv,is financing the 2045 Initiative, gal is t"create technlgies enabling the transfer f an individual's persnality int a mre advanced nn﹣bilgical carrier."( )
A.that
B.which
C.whse
D.whm
分析:俄羅斯企業(yè)家德米特里?伊茨科夫正在資助2045倡議,該倡議的目標(biāo)是"創(chuàng)造能夠?qū)€(gè)人個(gè)性轉(zhuǎn)移到更先進(jìn)的非生物載體上的技術(shù)"。
解答:分析句子可知本句是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是Initiative,在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)"倡議的目標(biāo)",所以用whse引導(dǎo)。that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,which作主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ),whm指人,在從句中作賓語(yǔ)。
故選:C。
點(diǎn)評(píng):定語(yǔ)從句又稱(chēng)為形容詞性從句,綜觀歷年高考試題,我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)該語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目是測(cè)試中的熱點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn),解定語(yǔ)從句的題目首先要知道哪一句是主句,哪一句是從句,被修飾的詞是誰(shuí),從句中的句子成分缺失什么,根據(jù)缺失成分的不同從而選出相對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)系代詞或者關(guān)系副詞,從而選出正確的答案,解題的關(guān)鍵是從句句子的成分分析。
【解題思路】
1.看懂題意:首先要理解題目中給出的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和成分,確定需要填入的關(guān)系代詞在從句中作定語(yǔ)。
2.確定關(guān)系代詞指代的內(nèi)容:whse指代的是先行詞的名稱(chēng),需要在從句中作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞或代詞。
3.確定答案:根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和成分,確定需要填入的關(guān)系代詞,并在選項(xiàng)中選擇相應(yīng)的答案。
17.It be…that/wh強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
It 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)通常為:It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/wh+其他部分。其中被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等,that/wh引導(dǎo)的從句修飾該被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分。通過(guò)使用這種強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,可以突出強(qiáng)調(diào)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分所表達(dá)的意思,引起讀者的注意。
1.基本結(jié)構(gòu):
It is(was)+ 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that(強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人時(shí)也可用wh/whm) +其他成分
We elected him mnitr at the class meeting yesterday.
It was we that /wh elected him mnitr at the class meeting yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ))
It was him that /whm we elected mnitr at the class meeting yesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ))
It was mnitr that we elected him at the class meeting yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)賓補(bǔ))
It was at the class meeting that we elected him mnitr yesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))
2.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的判斷:
把"It,be,that"去掉,如果剩余部分句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整(被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分要還原到原位置),那么這個(gè)句子就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句;如果句子不完整,則不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句.如:
It is he wh / that ften helps me with my English.
3.易混淆點(diǎn)
1)句首詞用"It",不能用"This","That"等.
2)be動(dòng)詞的形式是is或was,不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式are或were.
若原句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí),則用is;若原句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí),則用was.
3)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分如果是代詞,強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)用主格,強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)用賓格.如:
It is him that/wh /whm I met in the street yesterday.
4)連接詞一般用that,當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人時(shí),既可用that也可用wh.特別注意當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí),不能用when或where.
5)主謂一致問(wèn)題
被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)要和 that后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在數(shù)上保持一致.
6)強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別:
It was in 1921 that ur Party was funded.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句式)
It was 1921 when ur Party was funded.(定語(yǔ)從句)
7)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與主語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別:
強(qiáng)調(diào)句型可以還原成正常語(yǔ)序的句子,也就是說(shuō),強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中去掉It be…that后,句子仍然通順,意義也依然完整,只是沒(méi)有那么強(qiáng)調(diào)突出.而含主語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中的it是指示代詞,后面多為系表結(jié)構(gòu)或被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).如果去掉It be…that,句子就不通順了.如:
It was in the lab that was taken charge by Prfessr Harris that they did the experiment.
(=They did the experiment in the lab that was taken charge by Prfessr Harris.)
【典型例題】
In fact,_______ yu ______ have the mst imprtant rle t play in stpping Yellw River ersin.
分析:事實(shí)上,你就是阻止黃河水土流失最重要的人。
解答:這是強(qiáng)調(diào)句,強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:It is/ was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))+ that/ wh(當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)且主語(yǔ)指人)+ 其他部分;根據(jù)句中have可知,be動(dòng)詞用is。
故填:it is;wh。
點(diǎn)評(píng):完成句子,要弄清楚各種句子即簡(jiǎn)單句,并列句和復(fù)合句的結(jié)構(gòu)及連接詞和句意,然后按要求完成句子。
【解題思路】
1.確定需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分。
2.構(gòu)建強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:根據(jù)確定的被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分,使用It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/wh+其他部分的句型結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)建強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。
3.調(diào)整句子語(yǔ)序:將被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分放在It is/was和that/wh之間,并將其他部分放在that/wh引導(dǎo)的從句中。
4.檢查語(yǔ)法:在使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時(shí),要確保句子其他部分的語(yǔ)法正確,特別是時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。
5.根據(jù)調(diào)整后的句型結(jié)構(gòu)翻譯整個(gè)句子。
18.日常生活
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
日常生活類(lèi)文章在英語(yǔ)考試中通常以閱讀理解的形式出現(xiàn),主要考查學(xué)生的詞匯量、閱讀理解能力、文化背景知識(shí)和生活常識(shí)。
【解題思路】
1.快速閱讀:了解文章的大致內(nèi)容。注意文章中的生詞和短語(yǔ),以及段落的結(jié)構(gòu)和邏輯關(guān)系。
2.細(xì)節(jié)閱讀:仔細(xì)閱讀題目,帶著問(wèn)題回到文章中,找到相關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)信息。注意文章中的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件等關(guān)鍵信息。
3.語(yǔ)境理解:對(duì)于一些不熟悉的詞匯或表達(dá),可以通過(guò)上下文推斷其含義。
4.邏輯推理:根據(jù)文章中的信息進(jìn)行推理,注意避免過(guò)度推理和主觀臆斷。
5.檢查答案:完成所有的題目后,再次檢查答案,確保沒(méi)有遺漏或誤解題意。
19.健康
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
這類(lèi)文章通常會(huì)提供一些關(guān)于健康的研究報(bào)道或健康知識(shí)的文章,例如介紹新型疫苗、飲食習(xí)慣與健康關(guān)系等,學(xué)生需要理解文章中的信息,并能夠根據(jù)這些信息回答問(wèn)題。
【解題思路】
1.快速閱讀:了解文章的大致內(nèi)容。注意文章中的生詞和短語(yǔ),以及段落的結(jié)構(gòu)和邏輯關(guān)系。
2.細(xì)節(jié)閱讀:仔細(xì)閱讀題目,帶著問(wèn)題回到文章中,找到相關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)信息。注意文章中的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件等關(guān)鍵信息。
3.語(yǔ)境理解:對(duì)于一些不熟悉的詞匯或表達(dá),可以通過(guò)上下文推斷其含義。
4.邏輯推理:根據(jù)文章中的信息進(jìn)行推理,注意避免過(guò)度推理和主觀臆斷。
5.檢查答案:完成所有的題目后,再次檢查答案,確保沒(méi)有遺漏或誤解題意。
20.品行與態(tài)度
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
這類(lèi)文章通常會(huì)提供一些關(guān)于品行、態(tài)度或價(jià)值觀的論述或事例,例如介紹誠(chéng)實(shí)和正直的重要性,學(xué)生需要理解文章中的信息并推斷作者的意圖和態(tài)度。
【解題思路】
1.速讀全文:了解文章的大致內(nèi)容,特別注意文章的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾部分,這些部分通常會(huì)提供關(guān)鍵信息。
2.細(xì)節(jié)閱讀:仔細(xì)閱讀題目,帶著問(wèn)題回到文本中,找到相關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)信息。注意文章中的論述、事例等關(guān)鍵信息。
3.語(yǔ)境理解:對(duì)于一些不熟悉的詞匯或表達(dá),可以通過(guò)上下文推斷其含義。
4.邏輯推理:根據(jù)文章中的信息進(jìn)行推理,注意避免過(guò)度推理和主觀臆斷。
5.檢查答案:完成所有的題目后,再次檢查答案,確保沒(méi)有遺漏或誤解題意。如果對(duì)某個(gè)答案有疑問(wèn),可以重新閱讀相關(guān)段落,再次進(jìn)行推理和分析。
21.傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗與文化
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
在英語(yǔ)考試中,"傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗與文化"類(lèi)語(yǔ)篇主要涉及不同國(guó)家和地區(qū)的文化傳統(tǒng)和習(xí)俗。這類(lèi)語(yǔ)篇通常會(huì)以介紹、敘述、論述等形式出現(xiàn),考查學(xué)生對(duì)文化傳統(tǒng)和習(xí)俗的了解和表達(dá)能力。
【解題思路】
1.閱讀理解:閱讀時(shí),要抓住主題或關(guān)鍵信息,這類(lèi)題目通常會(huì)涉及到特定的文化傳統(tǒng)和習(xí)俗。考生需要理解文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu)和作者的意圖,注意細(xì)節(jié)信息的提取和整合。對(duì)于涉及文化傳統(tǒng)和習(xí)俗的特定詞匯和表達(dá)方式,需要特別留意。
2.完形填空:注意上下文之間的聯(lián)系和邏輯關(guān)系,根據(jù)題目所給的上下文信息,確定正確的選項(xiàng)??忌谧鲱}時(shí)需要注意全文的語(yǔ)境和上下文的聯(lián)系,尤其是題目中的空格與上下文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)。
3.寫(xiě)作:這類(lèi)題目可能要求考生就某個(gè)文化傳統(tǒng)或習(xí)俗寫(xiě)一篇文章。考生需要了解不同國(guó)家和地區(qū)的文化傳統(tǒng)和習(xí)俗,掌握相關(guān)的術(shù)語(yǔ)和表達(dá)方式。寫(xiě)作時(shí)要注重文章的邏輯性和連貫性,同時(shí)運(yùn)用適當(dāng)?shù)男揶o手法增強(qiáng)文章的表現(xiàn)力。
22.經(jīng)濟(jì)
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
在英語(yǔ)考試中,"經(jīng)濟(jì)"類(lèi)語(yǔ)篇主要涉及經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)、宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策、國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作等方面。這類(lèi)語(yǔ)篇通常會(huì)以論述題、短文閱讀、圖表分析等形式出現(xiàn),考查學(xué)生對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題的了解和語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力。
【解題思路】
1.閱讀理解:閱讀時(shí),要抓住主題或關(guān)鍵信息,這類(lèi)題目通常會(huì)涉及到某個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象或政策的解析和評(píng)價(jià)??忌枰斫馕恼碌恼w結(jié)構(gòu)和作者的意圖,注意細(xì)節(jié)信息的提取和整合。對(duì)于涉及經(jīng)濟(jì)的專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯和表達(dá)方式,需要特別留意。
2.完形填空:注意上下文之間的聯(lián)系和邏輯關(guān)系,根據(jù)題目所給的上下文信息,確定正確的選項(xiàng)??忌谧鲱}時(shí)需要注意全文的語(yǔ)境和上下文的聯(lián)系,尤其是題目中的空格與上下文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)。
3.寫(xiě)作:這類(lèi)題目可能要求考生就某個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題或現(xiàn)象寫(xiě)一篇文章??忌枰私饣镜慕?jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理、宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策等,掌握相關(guān)的術(shù)語(yǔ)和表達(dá)方式。寫(xiě)作時(shí)要注重文章的邏輯性和連貫性,同時(shí)運(yùn)用適當(dāng)?shù)男揶o手法增強(qiáng)文章的表現(xiàn)力。
23.旅游觀光
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
在英語(yǔ)考試中,"旅游觀光"類(lèi)文章主要涉及旅游景點(diǎn)、旅游文化、旅游體驗(yàn)等方面。這類(lèi)文章通常會(huì)以論述題、短文閱讀、旅游報(bào)告等形式出現(xiàn),考查學(xué)生對(duì)旅游文化的了解和語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力。
【解題思路】
1.閱讀理解:閱讀時(shí),要抓住主題或關(guān)鍵信息,這類(lèi)題目通常會(huì)涉及到某個(gè)旅游景點(diǎn)或旅游文化的理解和分析。考生需要理解文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu)和作者的意圖,注意細(xì)節(jié)信息的提取和整合。對(duì)于涉及旅游的專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯和表達(dá)方式,需要特別留意。
2.完形填空:注意上下文之間的聯(lián)系和邏輯關(guān)系,根據(jù)題目所給的上下文信息,確定正確的選項(xiàng)??忌谧鲱}時(shí)需要注意全文的語(yǔ)境和上下文的聯(lián)系,尤其是題目中的空格與上下文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)。
3.寫(xiě)作:這類(lèi)題目可能要求考生就某個(gè)旅游景點(diǎn)或旅游文化寫(xiě)一篇文章??忌枰私庵包c(diǎn)的歷史背景、文化內(nèi)涵和旅游體驗(yàn)等,掌握相關(guān)的術(shù)語(yǔ)和表達(dá)方式。寫(xiě)作時(shí)要注重文章的邏輯性和連貫性,同時(shí)運(yùn)用適當(dāng)?shù)男揶o手法增強(qiáng)文章的表現(xiàn)力。
24.環(huán)境保護(hù)
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
在英語(yǔ)考試中,"環(huán)境保護(hù)"類(lèi)文章主要涉及環(huán)境問(wèn)題、環(huán)境保護(hù)措施和環(huán)保意識(shí)等方面。這類(lèi)文章通常會(huì)以論述題、短文閱讀、環(huán)保報(bào)告等形式出現(xiàn),考查學(xué)生對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)問(wèn)題的了解和語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力。
【解題思路】
1.閱讀理解:閱讀時(shí),要抓住主題或關(guān)鍵信息,這類(lèi)題目通常會(huì)涉及到某個(gè)環(huán)境問(wèn)題的描述和解釋??忌枰斫馕恼碌恼w結(jié)構(gòu)和作者的意圖,注意細(xì)節(jié)信息的提取和整合。對(duì)于涉及環(huán)境保護(hù)的專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯和表達(dá)方式,需要特別留意。
2.完形填空:注意上下文之間的聯(lián)系和邏輯關(guān)系,根據(jù)題目所給的上下文信息,確定正確的選項(xiàng)??忌谧鲱}時(shí)需要注意全文的語(yǔ)境和上下文的聯(lián)系,尤其是題目中的空格與上下文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)。
3.寫(xiě)作:這類(lèi)題目可能要求考生就某個(gè)環(huán)境保護(hù)問(wèn)題寫(xiě)一篇文章??忌枰私猱?dāng)前的環(huán)境問(wèn)題、環(huán)境保護(hù)的重要性和措施等,掌握相關(guān)的術(shù)語(yǔ)和表達(dá)方式。寫(xiě)作時(shí)要注重文章的邏輯性和連貫性,同時(shí)運(yùn)用適當(dāng)?shù)男揶o手法增強(qiáng)文章的表現(xiàn)力。
25.記敘文
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
在英語(yǔ)考試中,"記敘文"類(lèi)文章主要涉及個(gè)人或他人的經(jīng)歷、事件、情感等方面,通常以第一人稱(chēng)或第三人稱(chēng)的角度進(jìn)行敘述。這類(lèi)文章可能包括故事、回憶錄、游記、傳記等不同形式,考查學(xué)生對(duì)語(yǔ)言表達(dá)和情感態(tài)度的理解能力。
【解題思路】
1.抓住主題和關(guān)鍵信息:閱讀時(shí)要注意文章中的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物和事件等關(guān)鍵信息,并理解作者的情感態(tài)度和主題。
2.理解文章結(jié)構(gòu):記敘文通常有時(shí)間順序、因果關(guān)系等結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),注意把握文章中的轉(zhuǎn)折、承接等邏輯關(guān)系。
3.注意細(xì)節(jié):閱讀時(shí)要注重細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě),這些細(xì)節(jié)可能直接或間接地反映出作者的情感和態(tài)度,也可能構(gòu)成文章的線(xiàn)索。
4.完形填空:在完形填空題中,要根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)選擇正確選項(xiàng)。注意人物性格和情感的變化以及情節(jié)的推進(jìn)。
5.寫(xiě)作:如果要求寫(xiě)作記敘文,要明確人稱(chēng)和時(shí)態(tài),注意事件的起承轉(zhuǎn)合和人物性格的刻畫(huà)。同時(shí),運(yùn)用適當(dāng)?shù)男揶o手法可以增強(qiáng)文章的表現(xiàn)力。
26.說(shuō)明文
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
在英語(yǔ)中,"說(shuō)明文"類(lèi)文章通常涉及對(duì)某個(gè)特定主題或觀點(diǎn)的詳細(xì)闡述。這類(lèi)文章通常具有明確的目的,旨在解釋某個(gè)概念、過(guò)程或觀點(diǎn),幫助讀者更好地理解和掌握。與議論文不同的是,說(shuō)明文不涉及個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)和立場(chǎng),而是側(cè)重于客觀地闡述事實(shí)和信息。
【解題思路】
1.理解主題和目的:注意文章的標(biāo)題和開(kāi)頭段落,這可以幫助你快速了解文章的主題和作者要闡述的內(nèi)容。
2.抓住主要特點(diǎn):例如事物或現(xiàn)象的主要特點(diǎn)、工作原理或操作步驟等。
3.分析文章結(jié)構(gòu):通常來(lái)說(shuō),說(shuō)明文會(huì)按照以下結(jié)構(gòu)展開(kāi):引言(Intrductin)、主體(Bdy)和結(jié)論(Cnclusin)。
4.細(xì)節(jié)閱讀:注意文章中使用的實(shí)例、數(shù)據(jù)和插圖等輔助材料。
5.完形填空:要根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)選擇正確選項(xiàng)。注意選項(xiàng)之間的邏輯關(guān)系和語(yǔ)法搭配,同時(shí)要結(jié)合文章的主題和內(nèi)容進(jìn)行推理。
6.寫(xiě)作:要明確主題和目的,安排好文章結(jié)構(gòu)。在寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中,使用適當(dāng)?shù)恼Z(yǔ)言表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)和解釋?zhuān)瑫r(shí)要注意語(yǔ)言的準(zhǔn)確性和邏輯性??梢允褂脤?shí)例、數(shù)據(jù)和圖表等輔助材料來(lái)支持你的觀點(diǎn)。
27.應(yīng)用文
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
英語(yǔ)中的"應(yīng)用文"類(lèi)語(yǔ)篇通常包括書(shū)信、電子郵件、備忘錄、報(bào)告、申請(qǐng)書(shū)、新聞報(bào)道等,這些語(yǔ)篇通常遵循一定的格式和慣例,主要目的是為了傳達(dá)信息、提出建議或請(qǐng)求、提供服務(wù)等。與說(shuō)明文不同的是,應(yīng)用文更加注重讀者需求和目的,強(qiáng)調(diào)信息的準(zhǔn)確性和實(shí)用性。應(yīng)用文類(lèi)語(yǔ)篇的考點(diǎn)主要涉及寫(xiě)作目的和格式的掌握,語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力和語(yǔ)法的準(zhǔn)確性,以及提供充分的證據(jù)來(lái)支持所述內(nèi)容等方面。包含以下內(nèi)容:
1.書(shū)信:書(shū)信通常包括信頭、日期、收件人地址、稱(chēng)呼、信文、結(jié)束語(yǔ)和簽名等部分??键c(diǎn)通常涉及信文的寫(xiě)作目的、信件格式、禮貌用語(yǔ)、語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力和語(yǔ)法。
2.電子郵件:電子郵件通常包括主題、收件人地址、稱(chēng)呼、正文、結(jié)尾和簽名等部分。考點(diǎn)通常涉及電子郵件的寫(xiě)作目的、格式、語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力和語(yǔ)法。此外,電子郵件通常使用簡(jiǎn)潔明了的語(yǔ)言,避免使用過(guò)于復(fù)雜或正式的語(yǔ)言。
3.備忘錄:備忘錄通常包括標(biāo)題、收件人地址、稱(chēng)呼、正文、結(jié)尾和簽名等部分??键c(diǎn)通常涉及備忘錄的寫(xiě)作目的、格式、語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力和語(yǔ)法。備忘錄通常使用簡(jiǎn)潔明了的語(yǔ)言,避免使用過(guò)于復(fù)雜或正式的語(yǔ)言。
4.報(bào)告:報(bào)告通常包括標(biāo)題、摘要、正文和結(jié)論等部分??键c(diǎn)通常涉及報(bào)告的寫(xiě)作目的、格式、語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力和語(yǔ)法。此外,報(bào)告中通常需要使用數(shù)據(jù)和事實(shí)支持結(jié)論,并使用合適的圖表和圖片來(lái)清晰地呈現(xiàn)信息。
5.申請(qǐng)書(shū):申請(qǐng)書(shū)通常包括標(biāo)題、個(gè)人資料、申請(qǐng)理由、證明文件和簽名等部分??键c(diǎn)通常涉及申請(qǐng)書(shū)的寫(xiě)作目的、格式、語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力和語(yǔ)法。此外,申請(qǐng)書(shū)中需要提供充分的申請(qǐng)理由,并使用合適的證明文件來(lái)支持申請(qǐng)。
6.新聞報(bào)道:新聞報(bào)道通常包括標(biāo)題、導(dǎo)語(yǔ)、主體和結(jié)尾等部分。考點(diǎn)通常涉及新聞報(bào)道的寫(xiě)作目的、格式、語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力和語(yǔ)法。此外,新聞報(bào)道中需要提供準(zhǔn)確的信息來(lái)源和事實(shí),避免使用主觀語(yǔ)言和情緒化表達(dá)。
【解題思路】
1.明確目的和讀者:注意文章的標(biāo)題、開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾,這可以幫助你了解作者要傳達(dá)的信息和讀者需要知道的內(nèi)容。
2.抓住關(guān)鍵信息:例如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、數(shù)據(jù)等。這些信息是構(gòu)成文章主體的核心內(nèi)容。
3.分析文章結(jié)構(gòu):通常來(lái)說(shuō),應(yīng)用文會(huì)按照以下結(jié)構(gòu)展開(kāi):引言(Intrductin)、主體(Bdy)和結(jié)論(Cnclusin)。
4.注意語(yǔ)言表達(dá):應(yīng)用文的用詞和語(yǔ)氣通常比較正式和客觀。
5.完形填空:要根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)選擇正確選項(xiàng)。注意選項(xiàng)之間的邏輯關(guān)系和語(yǔ)法搭配,同時(shí)要結(jié)合文章的目的和內(nèi)容進(jìn)行推理。
6.寫(xiě)作:要明確目的和讀者對(duì)象,安排好文章結(jié)構(gòu)。在寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中,使用適當(dāng)?shù)恼Z(yǔ)言表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)和信息,同時(shí)要注意語(yǔ)言的準(zhǔn)確性和邏輯性。可以使用表格、圖表等輔助材料來(lái)支持你的觀點(diǎn)。
28.讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)
【考點(diǎn)介紹】
讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)是一種結(jié)合閱讀和寫(xiě)作的考查方式,主要考查考生的理解能力、想象力、創(chuàng)造力和語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力。在英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作中,讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)通常提供一段閱讀材料,要求考生根據(jù)材料的內(nèi)容和情節(jié),發(fā)揮想象力,續(xù)寫(xiě)接下來(lái)的故事或論述。這類(lèi)題型在各類(lèi)英語(yǔ)考試中較為常見(jiàn),主要考查學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力、思維能力和語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力。
1.選材特點(diǎn)
(1)所需閱讀的短文動(dòng)在350以?xún)?nèi);
(2)多以記敘文故事類(lèi)文章或者夾敘夾議類(lèi)文章為主,故事情節(jié)有曲折、有起伏,但是,故事線(xiàn)索的邏輯性比較強(qiáng).
2.閱卷時(shí)主要考慮以下內(nèi)容:
(1)與所給短文及段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)猴接程度
(2)內(nèi)容的豐富性和對(duì)所給關(guān)鍵詞歌覆蓋情況
(3)應(yīng)用語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的豐富性和準(zhǔn)確性
(4)上下文的連貫性
【解題思路】
1.閱讀理解:理解材料的主旨和重要細(xì)節(jié),注意把握材料中的人物、情節(jié)、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)等信息。
2.確定主題和情節(jié):注意與材料中的情節(jié)和人物保持連貫性,同時(shí)可以加入自己的想象力和創(chuàng)造力來(lái)豐富情節(jié)。
3.構(gòu)建框架:包括開(kāi)頭、發(fā)展和結(jié)尾三個(gè)部分。開(kāi)頭部分應(yīng)與提供的閱讀材料相銜接,可以簡(jiǎn)要概括前文;發(fā)展部分應(yīng)展開(kāi)情節(jié),使故事或論述更加豐富;結(jié)尾部分則應(yīng)總結(jié)全文,并為讀者留下一定的思考空間。
4.寫(xiě)作過(guò)程:首先寫(xiě)開(kāi)頭部分,與提供的閱讀材料進(jìn)行銜接,確保文章的連貫性;然后寫(xiě)發(fā)展部分,根據(jù)自己確定的情節(jié)發(fā)展進(jìn)行拓展,可以使用適當(dāng)?shù)恼Z(yǔ)法、詞匯和句式來(lái)表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)和分析。同時(shí),注意與前文保持邏輯上的連貫性;最后寫(xiě)結(jié)尾部分,總結(jié)全文,并為讀者留下一定的思考空間。
5.檢查與修改:完成初稿后,仔細(xì)檢查文章的內(nèi)容、語(yǔ)法、拼寫(xiě)和結(jié)構(gòu)等方面是否存在錯(cuò)誤。檢查文章是否與閱讀材料保持連貫性,是否遵循了給出的主題和情節(jié)發(fā)展進(jìn)行拓展,是否達(dá)到了寫(xiě)作的目的。同時(shí),檢查語(yǔ)言表達(dá)是否準(zhǔn)確、自然、流暢,是否達(dá)到了寫(xiě)作的目的。
聲明:試題解析著作權(quán)屬菁優(yōu)網(wǎng)所有,未經(jīng)書(shū)面同意,不得復(fù)制發(fā)布日期:2024/3/28 0:54:26;用戶(hù):初中數(shù)學(xué);郵箱:szjmjy@xyh.cm;學(xué)號(hào):29841565
(1)
A.making
B.cancelling
C.a(chǎn)ccepting
D.challenging
(2)
A.result
B.recrd
C.envirnment
D.inventin
(3)
A.excuse
B.distract
C.prtect
D.brrw
(4)
A.unexpected
B.surprised
C.wrried
D.curius
(5)
A.Pretending
B.Cnsidering
C.Remembering
D.Prving
(6)
A.hnesty
B.cncern
C.dubt
D.cnfidence
(7)
A.inspires
B.stps
C.benefits
D.cntrls
(8)
A.bvius
B.unbelievable
C.nrmal
D.imprtant
(9)
A.a(chǎn)ppeals t
B.results frm
C.differs frm
D.leads t
(10)
A.a(chǎn)dventurus
B.generus
C.useful
D.excellent
(11)
A.publicly
B.ludly
C.crrectly
D.carefully
(12)
A.experiment
B.hpe
C.regret
D.pprtunity
(13)
A.warn
B.infrm
C.cnvince
D.remind
(14)
A.curage
B.jy
C.freedm
D.prf
(15)
A.prmise
B.barrier
C.a(chǎn)greement
D.rule
(1)
A.making
B.cancelling
C.a(chǎn)ccepting
D.challenging
(2)
A.result
B.recrd
C.envirnment
D.inventin
(3)
A.excuse
B.distract
C.prtect
D.brrw
(4)
A.unexpected
B.surprised
C.wrried
D.curius
(5)
A.Pretending
B.Cnsidering
C.Remembering
D.Prving
(6)
A.hnesty
B.cncern
C.dubt
D.cnfidence
(7)
A.inspires
B.stps
C.benefits
D.cntrls
(8)
A.bvius
B.unbelievable
C.nrmal
D.imprtant
(9)
A.a(chǎn)ppeals t
B.results frm
C.differs frm
D.leads t
(10)
A.a(chǎn)dventurus
B.generus
C.useful
D.excellent
(11)
A.publicly
B.ludly
C.crrectly
D.carefully
(12)
A.experiment
B.hpe
C.regret
D.pprtunity
(13)
A.warn
B.infrm
C.cnvince
D.remind
(14)
A.curage
B.jy
C.freedm
D.prf
(15)
A.prmise
B.barrier
C.a(chǎn)greement
D.rule
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