高考英語易錯點07 動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)（4大陷阱）-備戰(zhàn)2024年高考英語考試易錯題-試卷下載-教習網

首先，沖刺階段的易錯題能夠幫助我們快速的查缺補漏，總結經驗教訓，知識梳理，提高知識的應用能力。
其次，通過對錯題分析，其中涉及到的知識點以及考點的分析與總結，它能夠減少我們復習過程當中同類型的題或者是同一知識點的犯錯頻率。
第三，對于錯題集的復習，最簡單的方法就是蓋住答案，然后重新來做一遍，從分析的角度條件的分析以及技巧的使用三個方面進行逐一的排除。
第四，在這些錯題當中，并非所有的錯題都是每個同學易錯的，那么在第一遍的錯題復習當中，我們就要進行排除，篩選出符合自己特點錯題及其針對性也才更強。
如果自己已經完全掌握的，那么就當是對于知識點的再一次復習。這樣的錯題對于提升自己的能力來說也才是起到了最大的作用。
易錯點07 動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)
目錄
01 易錯陷阱（4大陷阱）
02 舉一反三
【易錯點提醒一】一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時易混易錯點
【易錯點提醒二】一般過去時和過去完成時易混易錯點
【易錯點提醒三】現(xiàn)在完成時和過去完成時易混易錯點
【易錯點提醒四】主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)易混易錯點
03 易錯題通關
易錯陷阱1：一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時易混易錯點。
【分析】
【高考鏈接】
（2023年浙江卷1月）The large siheyuan f these high-ranking fficials and wealthy businessmen ften________ (feature)beautifully carved and painted rf beams and pillars(柱子).
易錯分析：對一般規(guī)則死記硬背，不具體分析句子結構和句意。在時態(tài)題中，上下文的時態(tài)暗示是重要線索。應當在句中瞻前顧后尋找并列連詞and, but, r, rather than, r, nt als...等前后的謂語動詞形式確定所填謂語動詞的時態(tài)。
【答案】featured
【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：這些高級官員和有錢商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房頂橫梁和柱子為特點。分析句子結構可知，空格處需要填謂語動詞，再結合and后動詞時態(tài)可知，空格處應用一般過去時。故填featured。
易錯陷阱2：一般過去時和過去完成時易混易錯點。
【分析】
易錯陷阱3：現(xiàn)在完成時和過去完成時易混易錯點。
【分析】
易錯陷阱4：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)易混易錯點。
【分析】
受母語干擾，翻譯上下文時混淆被動語態(tài)與主動語態(tài)。
混淆謂語動詞被動語態(tài)構詞be+dne與非謂語動詞重點過去分詞dne。
不及物動詞及表示主語品質和狀態(tài)的動詞不用被動語態(tài)，如：sell, read, write, lck, wash, drive等。
系動詞不用被動語態(tài)，如：lk看起來, smell聞起來, taste嘗起來, sund聽起來, feel摸起來, prve證明時, turn ut結果，證明等。

【易錯點提醒一】一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時易混易錯點
【例1】（2023年新高考II卷） As a little girl, I ________ (wish) t be a zkeeper when I grew up.
【變式1】 (2022年全國高考新高考I卷) The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that ________ (be)previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity t increase effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
【變式2】（廣東省湛江市第一中學2023-2024學年高三試題）The bridge (call) the Bach Lng suspensin bridge. It means “White Dragn” in Vietnamese.
【變式3】（廣東省六校2023-2024學年高三第一次聯(lián)考試題）Panda cnservatin, n its wn, _____ __ (be) a success up t nw.
【易錯點提醒二】一般過去時和過去完成時易混易錯點
【例2】（廣東省執(zhí)信中學2023-2024學年高三開學試題） He raised a glass f water and asked the audience, “Hw heavy d yu think this glass f water is?” The students’ answers (range) frm 20g t 500g.
【變式1】（廣東省七校聯(lián)合體2023-2024學年高三聯(lián)考試題）Nting China’s achievements f green develpment in urban and rural areas, Zhang Xiahng, vice minister f husing and urban-rural develpment, ___(stress) the difficult task f saving energy and reducing carbn emissins in urban and rural cnstructin at a press cnference n Mnday.
【變式2】（湖南省百所學校2023-2024學年高三聯(lián)考試題）Since the Chinese highly qualified silk_________(make) its fame t the western cuntries, the merchants sught the pprtunity f trading Chinese silk alng this rute and gained a great frtune.
【變式3】（河北省2023-2024學年高三試題） In fact, there is a Lanzhu Beef Ndles restaurant right dwnstairs, which is abut 100 yards frm ur Beijing apartment, My niece Kim came t visit us in Beijing this summer, and after visiting many fancy restaurants, she declared this bwl f ndles t be the best thing she (eat) in China ever.
【易錯點提醒三】現(xiàn)在完成時和過去完成時易混易錯點
【例3】（2019年新課標全國卷Ⅱ）I lve cming here and seeing my family and all the friends I_____ （make）ver the years.
【變式1】（湖南省衡陽市衡陽縣2023-2024年高三試題）On a website called N Fly Climate Sci, fr example,rughly 200 academics - many f them climate scientists （prmise） t fly as
【變式2】（江蘇省南通市如皋市2023-2024學年度高三調研試題）By Aug 19, Haihua Island _____ (receive) ver 1 millin turists during the summer vacatin.
【變式3】（2024屆河北省百師聯(lián)盟高三聯(lián)考）He mentined that the Chinese market is significant fr jade prducts, and his business (perate) in China fr 10 years.
【易錯點提醒四】主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)易混易錯點
【例4】（河北省任丘市第一中學2023年高三試題）Wudang martial arts based n the Taist idelgy (create) by ne f the mst famus Taists, named Zhang Sanfeng in the early years f the Ming Dynasty.
【變式1】（2024屆遼寧省沈陽市渾南區(qū)東北育才學校一模試題）Tday, the mdernist cmplex (stck) with s many art wrks that the exhibit arenas can shw just a part f them at a time, making the artistic special exhibitins a highlight f any visit t the Getty.
【變式2】（福建省寧德第一中學2023-2024學年高三檢測試題）The chice f “Turret f Palace Museum” as the theme fr the mini building blck prject (base) n several factrs.
【變式3】（廣東省湛江市第一中學2023-2024學年高三試題）The reinfrced glass (use) fr the bridge can hld up t 450 peple at a time.
(2022年全國高考新高考I卷語法填空) After a three-year pilt perid, the GPNP will be fficially set up next year. The GPNP ________ (design)t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) f natural ecsystems, preserving bilgical diversity, prtecting eclgical buffer znes,and leaving behind precius natural assets(資產)fr future generatins”.
2.（2023年廣東省佛山市順德區(qū)均安中學高三拉練試題）An all-time favrite dish and symbl f springtime in Zhejiang is Yan Du Xian, a delicius sup (make) with fresh spring bamb shts, cured prk and fresh prk.
3.（福建省泉州市2023年高三四地聯(lián)考試題）Deep in a rainfrest in Hainan prvince, Zhang Chenliang picks up a daddy lnglegs (長腿蜘蛛) and (present) it t the camera, explaining its features and living habits fr the benefit f viewers n a shrt vide platfrm.
4.（福建省泉州市2023年高三四地聯(lián)考試題）He lved ging t his grandmther’s hme in the cuntryside, where the fields (be) bursting with vegetables and reeds (蘆葦).
5.（2024屆遼寧省沈陽市渾南區(qū)東北育才學校一模試題）Wrking with a billin-dllar budget, he cmbined them t create a wrk f architecture that can excite visitrs as much as the art cllectin inside (d).
6.（遼寧省重點高中2023-2024學年高三10月試題） Vlunteer travel dates back t the 1960s, when Alec Dicksn and his wife Mra frm the UK____ (fund) Vluntary Service Overseas (VSO), an internatinal vlunteer rganizatin.
7.（河北省任丘市第一中學2023年高三試題）Apart frm the mental relief f peple’s mind, anther majr aspect f Taist influence n Chinese culture (be) its influence n martial arts.
8.（河北省石家莊市2023-2024學年石家莊市一中高三試題）The slar terms (create) thusands f years ag t guide agricultural prductin. Slar term culture is still useful tday t guide peple’s lives.
9.（江蘇省連云港外國語學校2023-2024學年高三試題） Carsn prves that a simple literal frm that has been passed dwn thrugh the ages can still (emply) tday t draw attentin t imprtant truths.
10.（江蘇省南京市五校2023年高三聯(lián)考試題）“The n-lan prgram (highlight) clse partnerships and scientific cperatin between China and ther cuntries.
11.（江蘇省南京外國語學校2023-2024學年高三試題）Last Nvember, traditinal tea prcessing techniques and assciated scial practices in China (add) t the UNESCO Representative List f the Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity.
12.（江蘇省南京外國語學校2023-2024學年高三試題）“Fr centuries, the scent f tea leaves (ffer) nutritin t this land. This intangible cultural heritage f tea prcessing techniques is deeply rted in peple’s everyday life.”
13.（江蘇省灌南高級中學2023-2024學年高三試卷）Cnsequently, cybercrime cming in many different frms______ (becme) a huge prblem in recent years.
14.（江蘇省灌南高級中學2023-2024學年高三試卷）Cybercriminals tk advantage f a weakness in a server,______ (assess) the cmpany’s files and demanded a large sum f mney.
15.（江蘇省連云港高級中學2023-2024學年高三試題） At the entrance t the villages, a grand “trch twer”, standing mre than 20 metres high and made f pine branches and dry firewd, (decrate) with fresh flwers and fruits.
一般現(xiàn)在時
常與always，ften，smetimes，usually等連用或通過上下文表示。
一般過去時
常與時間狀語連用，或者通過上下文邏輯意思及動詞時態(tài)來體現(xiàn)。
連用時間狀語：last week, in 2021, 3 days ag, the ther day, in the past
現(xiàn)在完成時
強調對現(xiàn)在造成的結果和影響，通常與時間段連用。
連用時間狀語：s far, since, in the past/last 3 days, up t nw
一般過去時
過去的動作或情況。
過去完成時
過去的動作或時間之前發(fā)生的事。
連用時間狀語：by the end f+過去時間，befre+過去時間。
特殊用法
1.下列動詞hpe、 wish、 expect、 think、 intend、 mean、 suppse等，用過去完成時表示“原本……(事實上未能……)”。
2.This/It/That was the first/secnd/third ... time that ...表示“這/那是(某人)第幾次做某事”，that從句中要用過去完成時。
3.hardly ... when ...和n sner ... than ...兩個句型中，主句均用過去完成時。
現(xiàn)在完成時
連用時間狀語s far, since, in the past/last 3 days, up t nw
過去完成時
過去的動作或時間之前發(fā)生的事。即“過去的過去”，句中必須出現(xiàn)表示過去的動作、狀態(tài)或時間狀語。
對比
He has been ill fr tw weeks。他已經病了兩個星期了。
He had been ill fr tw weeks befre she came back。
在她回來之前，他已經病了兩個星期了。

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