注意事項(xiàng)：
1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。
2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。
3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
I.Listening Cmprehensin （第1-10題, 每題1分；第11-20題，每題1.5分；共25分）
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1．
A．Fresh.B．Salty.C．Tender.D．Dry.
【答案】C
【原文】M: The beef lks fresh.
W: But I wuld recmmend the chicken which is tender. The beef is t salty and nt juicy.
Questin: What des the wman think f the chicken?
2．
A．A luxurius tie.B．A set f classic wrks.
C．A red scarf.D．A wallet.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Jack cntributed a lt f my survey n the evlutin f fashin. I want t buy him a present like a scarf r a wallet.
M: I heard he likes reading. If I were yu, I wuld buy him a set f classics.
Questin: What des the man suggest the wman buy fr Jack?
3．
A．In a barbershp.B．In the cinema.C．In the mall.D．In the library.
【答案】A
【原文】W: I’d like t have my hair clred. But yu seem up t yur neck.
M: Yes, we usually have a lt mre custmers n the weekend. Please take a seat. I’m afraid yu have t be patient.
Questin: Where des this cnversatin mst prbably take place?
4．
A．The by stayed up all night.B．The by came hme t early.
C．The by is frgiven.D．The by didn’t g hme at night.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Srry, mm, I shuld have cme back hme earlier. I’ll never d it again.
W: Let’s drp it this time.
Questin: What can we learn frm this cnversatin?
5．
A．She will accmpany the man wh asks questins.
B．She als desn’t knw the meaning f the term.
C．She sympathized with the man very much.
D．She is well aware f the meaning f the newly cined term.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Alice. I have n idea what this newly cined term means.
W: Well, yu are nt alne.
Questin: What des the wman mean?
6．
A．She needs t hurry.B．The alarm clck didn’t ring.
C．She brke the alarm clck.D．She is late fr schl.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Dad, did the alarm clck g ff?
M: That was 30 minutes ag. Yu slept right thrugh it. Get up r yu’ll be late fr schl.
Questin: What des the man mean?
7．
A．$ 10,000.B．￥ 11 ,000.C．￥ 12 ,000.D．$11 ,000
【答案】B
【原文】M: May I take anther lk at the Chinese painting? Is it still priced ￥10,000?
W: Srry, sir, its price has risen by 10%.
Questin: Hw much des the Chinese painting cst nw?
8．
A．He culdn’t ffer help because f his ft injury.
B．He can’t stand the nise f these bxes mving.
C．He can’t stand the wman carrying these bxes.
D．He desn’t want t carry the bx dwn frm the fifth flr.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Mving these bxes up t the 5th flr is really beynd me.
M: They lk s big. If nly I hadn’t had my ankle twisted yesterday.
Questin: What des the man imply?
9．
A．He is just an rdinary man, nt a her.
B．He wants the wman t publicize his deeds.
C．He has already finished financial aid fr students.
D．He wants the wman t keep it a secret.
【答案】D
【原文】W: What an unsung her yu are. Yu never tld me that yu have been financially assisting the students fr years.
M: Let the matter rest. It’s just between yu and me.
Questin: What des the man mean?
10．
A．The wman likes t take a shwer befre ging t bed.
B．The man can’t have a shwer befre ging t bed.
C．Ht water is supplied in the htel until 10 p. m. in winter.
D．The htel still supplies ht water after 10 p. m.
【答案】B
【原文】M: I hpe there is ht water in the htel after ten. I like t have a shwer befre bed, especially in winter.
W: But the frnt desk says ht water is available till 9: 00 pm.
Questin: What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the shrt passages and the lnger cnversatin. The shrt passages and the lnger cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage
11．A．Have a prfessinal energy checkup.
B．Update all the husehld appliances.
C．Make a d-it-yurself hme energy checkup.
D．Find the leaks n the utside f yur hme.
12．A．Because it can help yu save energy in a huse.
B．Because it can help yu decide where shuld be upgraded first.
C．Because it can help yu remember where yu have inspected.
D．Because it can help yu reduce the air leaks.
13．A．Hw t chse a prfessinal energy checkup.
B．Hw t cnduct the hme energy checkup.
C．Hw t make a list f bvius air leaks.
D．Hw t save energy in yur hme.
【答案】11．C 12．B 13．B
【原文】A hme energy checkup helps determine where yur huse is lsing energy and mney. When such prblems are crrected yur hme will be mre energy efficient. While a prfessinal energy checkup prvides a cmplete picture f yur hme’s energy use, a diligent self assessment can als help yu find small prblem areas. First, make a list f bvius air leaks. Check fr indr air leaks, such as gaps alng the edge f the flring and jints f the walls and ceiling. Als check the leaks n the utside f yur hme, especially in areas where tw different building materials meet. Finally remember t check ther places fr leaks including windws, drs and switches. The ptential energy savings frm reducing leaks in ur wn may range frm 10% t 20% per year. This d-it-yurself hme energy checkup will nt be as thrugh as a prfessinal hme energy assessment, but it can help yu highlight sme f the easier areas t address. When walking thrugh yur hme, keep a checklist f the areas yu have inspected and the prblems yu have fund. This list will help yu decide which energy efficiency upgrade shuld be given pririty t.
11. Which f the fllwing is the mst prbable way t save energy in a huse?
12. Why des the speaker recmmend yu t keep a check list?
13. What is the speaker mainly talking abut?
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14．A．T make peple remember him.
B．T shw his excellent talent.
C．T remember the mments in university.
D．T recall his childhd.
15．A．It used sme advanced narrative skills.
B．It is easy t understand the deep meaning.
C．It has a kind f bell ringing quality.
D．It is suitable t recite alud with expressin.
16．A．He likes t cmpse pems at quiet crners.
B．He graduated frm Harvard University in 1995.
C．He wrte nly tw pems in his life.
D．He had a gd time at Harvard.
【答案】14．C 15．C 16．D
【原文】Seamus Heaney was awarded the Nbel Prize in literature in 1995 when he was teaching at Harvard University. On the day when Harvard celebrated its three hundred seventy-fifth anniversary befre a large audience, he recited his pem cmpsed in 1986 fr the university three hundred and fiftieth anniversary. This 1986 pem relies n the pwer f repeating wrds and sunds. Heaney said in an interview, “There’s a kind f bell ringing quality t the pem, which makes it easy n the air.” He remembered writing just tw pems during his early years at Harvard when he taught and read a lt. One pem is the anniversary pem. And the ther is abut learning the alphabets at a primary schl. Heaney als recalled the physical Harvard where he had many happy mments. He said, “I still remember the excitement f driving arund the campus and seeing the utlines f the huses. And I enjyed a few quiet crners n campus where I wuld sit dwn and take a nap. The library at Adam’s huse fr ne and the Wdbury petry rm fr anther. Then there was the yard. It was the inspiratin fr the anniversary pem and als a place that reminded me f my wn byhd in the cuntryside because it used t be a cw yard.”
Questins:
14. Fr what purpse did Seamus Heaney cmpse his 1986 pem?
15. What is a feature f Seamus Heaney’s 1986 pem?
16. What can be learned abut Seamus Heaney?
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are bused n the fllwing cnversatin.
17．A．His ffice is richly decrated.
B．He has used this ffice fr a week.
C．His ffice is very mdem.
D．His ffice space is spacius enugh.
18．A．T recrd his trip next week.
B．T cmmunicate with verseas schlars.
C．T cllect cst-effective web cameras.
D．T recrd the cntents f the reprt file.
19．A．A chair that rises up and dwn and has arms.
B．A mdem simple chair.
C．A flded chair withut a handle.
D．A secnd-hand slid wd chair.
20．A．Hw t chse a web camera.
B．Hw t prepare fr an nline meeting reprt.
C．Hw t imprve Prfessr White’s ffice.
D．Hw t decrate Prfessr White’s Office.
【答案】17．D 18．B 19．A 20．C
【原文】W: Hi, Prfessr White.
M: Hi, Maggie.
W: It’s been a week since yu arrived at the city. D yu like yur ffice?
M: Yeah, it’s great t have s much rm and I lve t see yu.
W: I’m glad t hear that. D yu need any equipment r supplies?
M: Actually, there are a few things I’ve been thinking abut.
W: OK. What d yu need?
M: Well, I’ll give a presentatin at an nline cnference next week. Is it pssible t get a web camera fr the cmputer?
W: N prblem. It is already at the tp f ur agenda. We want t encurage using technlgy t cmmunicate with verseas schlars rather than expensive traveling.
M: Exactly. It’s s much easier and cheaper t d things that way.
W: The department chair likes t hear that kind f thinking. Anything else?
M: Well, I hpe I’m nt asking t much, but can I get a new chair? This ne is really uncmfrtable.
W: I think that’s an ld chair. Srry abut that. Is there a specific kind yu want, like a flding chair r a rcking ne?
M: I just like ne that rises up and dwn and has arms.
W: Sure, I gt it.
M: Thanks.
Questins:
17. What des the man say abut his ffice?
18. Why des the man need a web camera fr his cmputer?
19. What kind f chair des the man want?
20. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
II.Grammar and Vcabulary （每題1分；共20分）
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Science jurnals ban listing f ChatGPT as c-authr n papers
The publishers f thusands f scientific jurnals have banned r restricted cntributrs’ use f an advanced AI-driven chatbt amid the cncerns 21 it culd pepper academic literature with flawed and even fabricated research.
ChatGPT, a fluent but flaky chatbt develped by OpenAI in Califrnia, has impressed r distressed mre than a millin human users by rattling ut pems, shrt stries, essays and even persnal advice since its launch in Nvember.
22 the chatbt has prved a huge surce f fun -- its take n hw t free a peanut butter sandwich frm a VCR, in the style f the King James Bible, is ne ntable hit -- the prgram can als prduce fake scientific abstracts that are cnvincing enugh t fl human reviewers.
ChatGPT’s mre legitimate (legal) uses in article preparatin have already led t it 23 (credit) as a c-authr n a handful f papers.
The sudden arrival f ChatGPT has prmted a scramble published t respnd. On Thursday, Hlden Thrp, the editr-in-chief f the leading US jurnal Science, annunced an updated editrial plicy, banning the use f text frm ChatGPT and clarifying that the prgram culd nt be listed as an authr.
“Given the craze that has built up arund this, it’s a gd idea t make 24 abslutely clear that we will nt permit ChatGPT t be an authr r t have its text 25 (use) in papers,” Thrp said.
Leading scientific jurnals require authrs t sign a frm 26 (declare) that they are accuntable 27 their cntributin t the wrk. Since ChatGPT cannt d this, it cannt be an authr, Thrp says.
But even using ChatGPT in the preparatin f a paper is prblematic, he believes. ChatGPT makes plenty f errrs, which culd find their way int the literature, he says, and if scientists cme 28 (rely) n AI prgrams t prepare literature reviews r summarize their findings, the prper cntext f the wrk and the deep scrutiny(inspectin) that results deserve culd be lst. “That is the ppsite directin f where we need t g,” he said.
Other publishers have made similar changes. On Tuesday, Springer-Nature, which publishes nearly 3,000 jurnals, updated its guidelines t state that ChatGPT cannt be listed as an authr. But the publisher has nt banned ChatGPT utright. The tl, and thers like it, can still be used in the preparatin f papers, prvided that full details 29 (reveal) in the manuscript.
Elsevier, which publishes abut 2,800 jurnals, including Cell and the Lancet, has taken a similar stance t Springer-Nature, 30 guidelines allw the use f AI tls t imprve the readability and language f the research article, but nt t replace key tasks that shuld be dne by the authrs, such as interpreting data r drawing scientific cnclusins.
【答案】
21．that 22．Althugh/Thugh/While 23．being credited 24．it 25．used 26．declaring 27．fr 28．t rely 29．a(chǎn)re revealed 30．whse
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了數(shù)千家科學(xué)期刊的出版商已經(jīng)禁止或限制撰稿人使用先進(jìn)的人工智能聊天機(jī)器人，擔(dān)心它可能會在學(xué)術(shù)文獻(xiàn)中充斥有缺陷甚至捏造的研究。
21．考查同位語從句。句意：數(shù)千家科學(xué)期刊的出版商已經(jīng)禁止或限制撰稿人使用先進(jìn)的人工智能聊天機(jī)器人，擔(dān)心它可能會在學(xué)術(shù)文獻(xiàn)中充斥有缺陷甚至捏造的研究。這里為同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，從句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用連接代詞that引導(dǎo)。故填that。
22．考查狀語從句。句意：盡管這個聊天機(jī)器人已經(jīng)被證明是一個巨大的樂趣來源——它講述了如何以詹姆斯國王版《圣經(jīng)》的風(fēng)格從錄像機(jī)中取出花生醬三明治，這是一個引人注目的熱門話題——但該程序也可以生成虛假的科學(xué)摘要，這些摘要足以令人信服地欺騙人類審稿人?？疾闋钫Z從句的引導(dǎo)詞，分析上下句可知，空處為讓步狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，表示“雖然”，用thugh或althugh或while；出現(xiàn)在句首，首字母大寫。故填A(yù)lthugh/Thugh/While。
23．考查非謂語動詞。句意：ChatGPT在文章準(zhǔn)備中的更合法的用途已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致它被認(rèn)為是少數(shù)論文的合著者。這里為非謂語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)介詞“t”之后的賓語，表示被動關(guān)系，用動名詞的被動形式。故填being credited。
24．考查代詞。句意：Thrp說：“考慮到圍繞這個話題的狂熱，我們最好明確表示，我們不會允許ChatGPT成為論文的作者，也不會讓它的文字出現(xiàn)在論文中?！贝~it擔(dān)當(dāng)形式賓語，代指真正的賓語“that we will nt permit ChatGPT t be an authr r t have its text _______in papers”。故填it。
25．考查非謂語動詞。句意：Thrp說：“考慮到圍繞這個話題的狂熱，我們最好明確表示，我們不會允許ChatGPT成為論文的作者，也不會讓它的文字出現(xiàn)在論文中?！?這里為非謂語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語，和賓語“text”之間為被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞形式。故填used。
26．考查非謂語動詞。句意：領(lǐng)先的科學(xué)期刊要求作者簽署一份表格，聲明他們對自己的工作貢獻(xiàn)負(fù)責(zé)。這里為非謂語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)后置定語，和被修飾詞“frm”之間為主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填declaring。
27．考查固定搭配。句意：領(lǐng)先的科學(xué)期刊要求作者簽署一份表格，聲明他們對自己的工作貢獻(xiàn)負(fù)責(zé)。固定搭配：be accuntable fr，意為“對……負(fù)責(zé)”。故填fr。
28．考查非謂語動詞。句意：他說，ChatGPT犯了很多錯誤，這些錯誤可能會出現(xiàn)在文獻(xiàn)中，如果科學(xué)家開始依賴人工智能程序來準(zhǔn)備文獻(xiàn)綜述或總結(jié)他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)，那么工作的適當(dāng)背景和結(jié)果應(yīng)得的深入審查(檢查)可能會丟失。這里為非謂語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)動詞cme后的賓語，用動詞不定式形式。故填t rely。
29．考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：這個工具，以及其他類似的工具，仍然可以用于準(zhǔn)備論文，只要在手稿中顯示全部細(xì)節(jié)。這里為從句的謂語動詞，根據(jù)上下文可知從句時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時；主語為“details”，和動詞“reveal”之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)。故填are revealed。
30．考查定語從句。句意：出版包括《細(xì)胞》和《柳葉刀》在內(nèi)的約2800種期刊的Elsevier采取了與Springer-Nature類似的立場，后者的指導(dǎo)方針允許使用人工智能工具來提高研究文章的可讀性和語言，但不能取代作者應(yīng)該完成的關(guān)鍵任務(wù)，比如解釋數(shù)據(jù)或得出科學(xué)結(jié)論。這里為定語從句的關(guān)系詞，先行詞為“Springer-Nature”，和空后的“guidelines”之間為所有關(guān)系，用關(guān)系代詞whse。故填whse。
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Self-Silencing Is Making Wmen Sick
In the late 1980s, Harvard-trained psychlgist Dana Jack identified a recurring theme amng female patients suffering frm depressin: a tendency t self-silence, defined as “the tendency t engage in uncntrllable caretaking, pleasing the ther, and restrictin f self-expressin in relatinships in an attempt t achieve intimacy and meet relatinal needs.” He fund that this learned behavir, 31 rted in gender nrms, was linked t an increased risk f depressin.
Since then, cnsiderable evidence has revealed that female self-silencing isn’t just tied t psychlgical issues like depressin and eating disrders, but als t physical illness. Mst wrryingly, it has als been linked t higher risk f premature death. This was true even when 32 such as age, bld pressure, and smking were taken int accunt.
When wmen push their feelings dwn and 33 their needs aside, their health suffers. But it can be difficult fr wmen t d therwise in cultures that 34 these self-silencing practices. Mms are praised fr being painstakingly selfless t the pint f self-sacrifice. These 35 standards establish a vicius (惡性的) cycle. Fr many wmen, it feels easier—beneficial, even—t silence their needs at the expense f their wn health, rather than 36 against the prevailing cultural current.
In his best-selling bk, The Myth f Nrmal, physician and authr Gabr Mate writes that many f ur sciety’s mst “nrmalized ways f being” are, in fact, 37 txic. “That ‘nt listening t self’ in rder t priritize thers’ needs is a significant surce f the health-impairing rles wmen 38 ,” Mate explains. “It is amng the medically 39 but extremely harmful ways in which ur sciety’s ‘nrmal’ impses a majr health cst n wmen.”
T reshape the virtues f wmanhd, a new “ 40 ” needs t emerge—ne in which we hnr ur emtins, priritize ur needs, and actively cmmunicate ur bundaries. Such a shift requires change n bth the individual and scietal level, and will by n means be easy. But it’s certainly wrth it—after all, wmen’s lives depend n it.
【答案】
31．I 32．F 33．D 34．A 35．G 36．H 37．E 38．K 39．B 40．J
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)女性的自我沉默不僅與抑郁和飲食失調(diào)等心理問題有關(guān)，還與身體疾病有關(guān)，為了重塑女性的美德，需要尊重自己的情感，優(yōu)先考慮自己的需求，并積極溝通我們的界限。
31．考查副詞。句意：他發(fā)現(xiàn)，這種習(xí)得性行為強(qiáng)有力地植根于性別規(guī)范，與抑郁風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的增加有關(guān)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為副詞作狀語修飾動詞rted，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“強(qiáng)有力地”應(yīng)為strngly符合語境。故選I項(xiàng)。
32．考查名詞。句意：即使將年齡、血壓和吸煙等因素考慮在內(nèi)，結(jié)果也是如此。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為名詞作主語，結(jié)合句意以及下文中的“such as age, bld pressure, and smking”可知，此處表示“因素”應(yīng)為factr且謂語動詞為were taken，所以此處應(yīng)是名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選F項(xiàng)。
33．考查動詞。句意：當(dāng)女性壓抑自己的感受，把自己的需求放在一邊時，她們的健康就會受到影響。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)與上文中的“push their feelings dwn”為并列謂語部分，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“拋棄”應(yīng)為cast away，與push dwn為并列謂語，所以此處應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時，句子主語為名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以此處使用動詞原形。故選D項(xiàng)。
34．考查動詞。句意：但在頌揚(yáng)這些自我沉默行為的文化中，女性很難做出其他選擇。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為定語從句的謂語動詞，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“贊揚(yáng)”應(yīng)為celebrate，結(jié)合上下文語境可知，此處應(yīng)使用一般過去時，描述的是當(dāng)前的客觀事實(shí)，且與句子主語that指代的先行詞cultures之間為主動關(guān)系，且主語為名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以此處使用動詞原形。故選A項(xiàng)。
35．考查形容詞。句意：這些不言而喻的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)建立了一個惡性循環(huán)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為形容詞作定語，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“未說出來的”符合語境。故選G項(xiàng)。
36．考查動詞。句意：對許多女性來說，以犧牲自己的健康為代價(jià)來抑制自己的需求，比與主流文化逆流而行更容易——甚至更有益。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“逆流而上”應(yīng)為swim against，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，rather than連接兩個不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，所以此處應(yīng)使用動詞原形。故選H項(xiàng)。
37．考查副詞。句意：醫(yī)生兼作家Gabr Mate在他的暢銷書《正常的神話》中寫道，我們社會中許多最“正常的存在方式”實(shí)際上是非常有害的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為副詞作狀語修飾形容詞txic，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“非常地”應(yīng)為Incredibly符合語境。故選E項(xiàng)。
38．考查動詞。句意：“為了優(yōu)先考慮他人的需求而‘不傾聽自己’是女性扮演損害健康角色的一個重要來源，” Mate解釋說。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為定語從句中的謂語動詞，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“承擔(dān)”應(yīng)為assume，根據(jù)全文語境，此處講述的是當(dāng)前的客觀事實(shí)，所以使用一般現(xiàn)在時，且與句子主語wmen之間為主動關(guān)系，主語為名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以使用動詞原形。故選K項(xiàng)。
39．考查動詞。句意：這是醫(yī)學(xué)上被忽視但極其有害的方式之一，我們的社會‘正常’給女性帶來了巨大的健康成本。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為but后的harmful為并列關(guān)系作定語修飾名詞ways，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“忽視”應(yīng)為verlk，verlk與所修飾詞ways之間為被動關(guān)系，所以此處使用過去分詞形式verlked意為“被忽視的”符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。
40．考查形容詞。句意：為了重塑女性的美德，需要出現(xiàn)一種新的“常態(tài)”——我們尊重自己的情感，優(yōu)先考慮自己的需求，并積極溝通我們的界限。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為形容詞作定語修飾名詞needs，結(jié)合句意以及上文中的“ur sciety’s ‘nrmal’ impses a majr health cst n wmen.”可知，此處表示“正常的”應(yīng)為nrmal。故選J項(xiàng)。
III.Reading Cmprehensin (共45分。 41-45每題1分；56-70每題2分)
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
Restaurant and htel bsses have had a tugh year. Sme 700, 000 hspitality wrkers threw in the 41 n average each mnth in the past year. Bars, cafes and restaurants are 1.3m wrkers 42 relative t the 16.9m emplyed befre cvid-19. The quite rate in leisure and hspitality jumped by a percentage pint, t 6.4%. 43 frm the Omicrn Variant may make matters wrse; as cases increased greatly in December, restaurant ftfall (客流) fell 44
As in ther industries, wrkers in hspitality are leaving fr varius reasns, frm fear f infectin t 45 pprtunities elsewhere. But ne big mtive is burnut. Surveys find that 46 stress is a grwing cncern acrss the labur market, but dissatisfactin is especially high in service rles, where hybrid wrk is nt pssible. Data shwed that emplyees 47 the hspitality sectr as ne f the wrst fr wrk-life balance. Wrkers reprt that new tasks such as dealing with angry custmers and 48 health mandates (指令) have added t the burden.
Wrk in restaurants and htels can be physically 49 . prly paid and unpredictable. Unlike white-cllar wrkers, wh suffer frm needing t be cnstantly available, service wrkers burn ut as a result f uncertain 50 and a lack f cntrl ver time, says Ashley Whillans f Harvard Business Schl. Ian Ck f Visier, a human-resurces-analytics firm, says that time ff during lck-dwns gave emplyees an pprtunity t 51 their relatinship with “fragile and lw paid wrk.”
Firms have 52 t respnd. Many fd and accmmdatin businesses have raised wages - by an average f 8. 1% year n year in the third quarter, the highest increase n recrd. 53 , that many nt be enugh. In ne pll f hspitality ver half said higher pay will nt tempt them back by itself.
Daniel Zha, an ecnmist At Glass-dr, fresees a permanent reductin t the hspitality wrkfrce. As sme wrkers quite, thse wh remain must pick up the slack, leading t mre stress. This 54 gives birth t mre exits, and s n. 55 an ageing ppulatin, with decreasing numbers f yung peple prepared t wrk in kitchens r sweep htel crridrs, and hspitality businesses may be cntending with (難應(yīng)對) blue-cllar burnut fr years t cme.
41．A．wrapB．vacatinC．twelD．identity
42．A．spareB．richC．shrtD．scarce
43．A．CntributinB．UncertaintyC．RemedyD．Cnsequence
44．A．cincidentallyB．sharplyC．suddenlyD．temprarily
45．A．rareB．betterC．ccasinalD．unclear
46．A．primaryB．pessimisticC．mmentaryD．lng-term
47．A．calculateB．a(chǎn)pprachC．inspectD．rate
48．A．refrmingB．regulatingC．enfrcingD．engaging
49．A．relaxingB．challengingC．drainingD．inviting
50．A．schedulesB．paymentsC．exchangesD．prspects
51．A．inquire intB．reflect nC．a(chǎn)ccunt frD．a(chǎn)nswer fr
52．A．rushedB．failedC．hesitatedD．expected
53．A．HenceB．MreverC．SimilarlyD．Nnetheless
54．A．in returnB．in a rwC．in turnD．in advance
55．A．ExcludeB．FllwC．CncernD．Add
【答案】
41．C 42．C 43．B 44．B 45．B 46．D 47．D 48．C 49．C 50．A 51．B 52．A 53．D 54．C 55．D
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了酒吧、咖啡館和餐館等服務(wù)行業(yè)就業(yè)人數(shù)減少的原因。
41．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在過去的一年里，平均每個月大約有70萬名酒店員工辭職。A. wrap包裹；B. vacatin度假；C. twel毛巾；D. identity身份。根據(jù)后文的“Bars, cafes and restaurants are 1.3m wrkers ___2___ relative t the 16.9m emplyed befre cvid-19.”可知，與新冠疫情前相比，酒吧、咖啡館和餐館的員工缺口為130萬人，故可推測員工紛紛辭職。thrw in the twel意為“放棄”，在本句中指員工辭職。故選C項(xiàng)。
42．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：酒吧、咖啡館和餐館的就業(yè)人數(shù)比新冠疫情前的1690萬少了130萬。 A. spare備用的；B. rich富有的；C. shrt短缺的；D. scarce缺乏的。根據(jù)后文的“The quite rate in leisure and hspitality jumped by a percentage pint, t 6.4%.”可知，休閑和酒店業(yè)的辭職率上升了一個百分點(diǎn)，故可推測出員工比疫情前少了很多。故選C項(xiàng)。
43．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意： 奧密克戎變異株的不確定性可能會讓事情變得更糟；由于12月份病例大幅增加，餐館客流量急劇下降。A. Cntributin貢獻(xiàn)；B. Uncertainty不確定性；C. Remedy救濟(jì)，治療；D. Cnsequence結(jié)果。根據(jù)后文的“frm the Omicrn Variant may make matters wrse”可知，奧密克戎具有不確定性，而這可能會讓事情變得更糟。故選B項(xiàng)。
44．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：奧密克戎變異株的不確定性可能會讓事情變得更糟；由于12月份病例大幅增加，餐館客流量急劇下降。A. cincidentally巧合；B. sharply急劇地；C. suddenly突然；D. temprarily暫時。根據(jù)前文的“as cases increased greatly in December”可知，12月份病例大幅增加，所以餐館客流量急劇下降。故選B項(xiàng)。
45．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：與其他行業(yè)一樣，酒店業(yè)的員工也因?yàn)楦鞣N原因離開，從害怕感染到到其他地方有更好的機(jī)會都有。A. rare稀有；B. better更好的；C. ccasinal偶爾；D. unclear不清楚。根據(jù)前文的“wrkers in hspitality are leaving fr varius reasns”和后文的“pprtunities”可知，員工離開，有的是因?yàn)閷ふ腋玫臋C(jī)會。故選B項(xiàng)。
46．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，長期壓力是整個勞動力市場日益關(guān)注的問題，但服務(wù)業(yè)的不滿情緒尤其高，因?yàn)榉?wù)業(yè)不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)混合工作。A. primary初級的；B. pessimistic悲觀的；C. mmentary瞬時；D. lng-term長期的。根據(jù)后文的“stress is a grwing cncern acrss the labur market”可知，壓力是整個勞動力市場日益關(guān)注的問題，而這種壓力應(yīng)是長期的，才會造成員工離開。故選D項(xiàng)。
47．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：數(shù)據(jù)顯示，員工評價(jià)酒店業(yè)是工作與生活平衡最差的行業(yè)之一。 A. calculate計(jì)算；B. apprach方法；C. inspect檢查；D. rate評價(jià)。根據(jù)前文的“but dissatisfactin is especially high in service rles”和后文的“the hspitality sectr as ne f the wrst fr wrk-life balance”可知，員工對酒店業(yè)的工作與生活平衡方面評價(jià)不高。故選D項(xiàng)。
48．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：工人們報(bào)告說，處理憤怒的顧客和強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行健康規(guī)定等新任務(wù)增加了他們的負(fù)擔(dān)。A. refrming改革；B. regulating調(diào)節(jié)；C. enfrcing強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行；D. engaging從事。根據(jù)前文的“Bars, cafes and restaurants are 1. 3m wrkers 2 relative t the 16. 9m emplyed befre cvid-19.”可知，疫情期間，服務(wù)業(yè)員工辭職率高，部分原因是疫情期間一些健康規(guī)定需要強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行，這增加了他們的負(fù)擔(dān)。故選C項(xiàng)。
49．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在餐館和酒店工作會讓人精疲力竭。A. relaxing令人放松的；B. challenging挑戰(zhàn)性的；C. draining使疲憊的；D. inviting吸引人的。根據(jù)后文的“service wrkers burn ut”可知，服務(wù)工作者精疲力竭，故在餐館和酒店工作會讓人精疲力竭。故選C項(xiàng)。
50．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：哈佛商學(xué)院的阿什利?惠蘭斯表示，與需要時刻保持聯(lián)系的白領(lǐng)不同，服務(wù)工作者因不確定的日程安排和缺乏對時間的控制而精疲力竭。A. schedules日程安排；B. payments付款；C. exchanges交換；D. prspects前景。根據(jù)后文的“a lack f cntrl ver time”可知，服務(wù)工作者缺乏對時間的控制，這就意味著他們不確定的日程安排。故選A項(xiàng)。
51．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：維則人力資源分析公司的伊恩?庫克表示，停工期間的休假讓員工有機(jī)會反思他們與“脆弱而低薪的工作”之間的關(guān)系。A. inquire int調(diào)查；B. reflect n反思；C. accunt fr說明；D. answer fr（對問題）負(fù)有很大責(zé)任。根據(jù)后文的“their relatinship with “fragile and lw paid wrk.””可知，員工對他們與工作的關(guān)系進(jìn)行反思。故選B項(xiàng)。
52．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：各公司紛紛做出回應(yīng)。A. rushed沖向；B. failed失?。籆. hesitated猶豫；D. expected預(yù)期。根據(jù)后文的“Many fd and accmmdatin businesses have raised wages - by an average f 8.1% year n year in the third quarter, the highest increase n recrd. ”可知，許多食品和住宿企業(yè)已經(jīng)提高了工資，這是針對員工辭職這件事各公司做出的回應(yīng)。故選A項(xiàng)。
53．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，這么多還不夠。A. Hence因此；B. Mrever此外；C. Similarly類似地；D. Nnetheless盡管如此。根據(jù)后文的“In ne pll f hspitality ver half said higher pay will nt tempt them back by itself.”可知，在一項(xiàng)關(guān)于酒店業(yè)的民意調(diào)查中，超過一半的人表示，高工資本身不會吸引他們回去，故可知各公司漲工資的行為是不夠的，不足以吸引人們回去。故選D項(xiàng)。
54．考查介詞短語辨析。句意：這反過來又產(chǎn)生了更多的離去，以此類推。A. in return作為回報(bào)；B. in a rw成一行；C. in turn反過來；D. in advance提前。根據(jù)前文的“As sme wrkers quite, thse wh remain must pick up the slack, leading t mre stress.”可知，隨著一些員工離職，那些留下來的人必須收拾殘局，從而導(dǎo)致更大的壓力，反過來又導(dǎo)致更多人離去。故選C項(xiàng)。
55．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：再加上人口老齡化，準(zhǔn)備在廚房工作或打掃酒店走廊的年輕人越來越少，酒店業(yè)可能會在未來幾年里與藍(lán)領(lǐng)倦怠作斗爭。A. Exclude不包括；B. Fllw跟隨；C. Cncern關(guān)注；D. Add添加。根據(jù)前文的“Daniel Zha, an ecnmist At Glass-dr, fresees a permanent reductin t the hspitality wrkfrce.”可知，酒店業(yè)的艱難運(yùn)行，一個原因是酒店業(yè)的勞動力將永久性減少，人口老齡化也會增加人員不足的困難。故選D項(xiàng)。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
Amng all the different types f jurney that peple undertake there are als thse f a spiritual nature. Sme f the trips we d in ur lives are purely fr pleasure, sme are meant t make us strnger, smetimes we travel t explre and learn, and in all f these undertakings we grw and becme wiser.
There is a lt we can learn frm the land that surrunds us and the best way t acquire that knwledge is by traveling and experiencing. This ancient abriginal initiatin ritual invlves exactly this: a lng spiritual hike acrss the native land. Althugh widely knwn as “Walkabut,” in later years the ritual has been referred t as “temprary mbility,” because the frmer is ften used as an insulting term in Australian culture.
A yung man n Walkabut
Histrically speaking, the walkabut is a ceremny f passage in which yung (adlescent) Abriginal Australians undertake a jurney that will help “transfrm” them int adults. The jurney is usually made between the ages f 10 and 16. During this jurney which can last fr up t six mnths, the individual is required t live and survive all alne in the wilderness.
This is nt an easy thing t d, especially nt fr teenagers. That is why nly thse wh have prven themselves mentally and physically ready are allwed t prceed with the walkabut. Only the elders f the grup decide whether it is time r nt fr the child t d it. The children are nt cmpletely unprepared fr the jurney. During the years befre the walkabut, the elders instruct them and give them advice abut the ceremny and adult life in general; they have been passed the “secrets” f the tribe, the knwledge abut their wrld.
Abriginal wman
Thse wh are initiated in the walkabut are als decrated with bdy paint and rnaments. Smetimes they are marked with a permanent symbl n their bdies. In sme cases, a tth is remved frm the muth, r the nse r ears f the initiated are pierced. Traditinal walk abut clthes include nly a simple lin clth and nthing mre.
During a walkabut, a yung persn can smetimes travel a distance f ver a 1, 000miles. In rder t survive this lng hike, the participant in the walkabut must be able t make their wn shelter and must be capable f btaining fd and water fr themselves.
That means he needs t hunt, catch fish, and als recgnize and use edible and healing plants. The initiated yungster must learn t identify plants such as bush tmates, Illawarra plums, quandngs, lilly-pillies, Muntari berries, wattle seeds, Kakadu plums, and bunya nuts.
56．What can be referred frm the first tw paragraphs f the passage?
A．Australians like t engage in all kinds f travel.B．Peple can gain knwledge thrugh travel.
C．Travel is usually purely fr pleasure.D．Walkabut is a lng spiritual jurney.
57．What d we knw abut the yung Abriginal Australians?
A．All yung Australians are required t live alne in the wilderness.
B．The difficulties they experienced in hiking turned them int adults.
C．Walkabut shuld nly be dne if they are mentally and physically prepared.
D．Walkabut is an unprepared test fr the yung Abriginal Australians.
58．Accrding t the passage, what skill des a persn need t acquire in the walkabut?
A．Identifying directins.B．Preserving physical strength.
C．Planting plants.D．Hunting and fishing.
59．Which f the fllwing ptins is true abut walkabut?
A．Only peple wh have experienced trture are qualified t the walkabut.
B．Wmen must decrate themselves with bdy paint and rnaments.
C．T survive, the participants need t acquire certain survival skills.
D．Native wmen are nt required t participate in the walkabut.
【答案】56．B 57．C 58．D 59．C
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。在人們所從事的各種不同類型的旅行中，也有一些是精神性質(zhì)的旅行。文章說明了人們可以通過旅行獲得知識，以及旅行途中可以學(xué)到的技能。
56．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“There is a lt we can learn frm the land that surrunds us and the best way t acquire that knwledge is by traveling and experiencing.(我們可以從周圍的土地中學(xué)到很多東西，而獲得這些知識的最好方式就是旅行和體驗(yàn))”可推知，人們可以通過旅行獲得知識。故選B。
57．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“This is nt an easy thing t d, especially nt fr teenagers. That is why nly thse wh have prven themselves mentally and physically ready are allwed t prceed with the walkabut.(這不是一件容易的事，尤其是對青少年來說。這就是為什么只有那些已經(jīng)證明自己在精神上和身體上準(zhǔn)備好了的人才被允許進(jìn)行徒步旅行的原因)”可知，只有在精神上和身體上都有準(zhǔn)備的情況下，年輕的澳大利亞土著才應(yīng)該進(jìn)行徒步旅行。故選C。
58．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“That means he needs t hunt, catch fish, and als recgnize and use edible and healing plants.(這意味著他需要打獵、捕魚，還需要識別和使用可食用和治療的植物)”可知，一個人在徒步旅行中需要獲得狩獵和釣魚技能。故選D。
59．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“In rder t survive this lng hike, the participant in the walkabut must be able t make their wn shelter and must be capable f btaining fd and water fr themselves.(為了在這次長途徒步旅行中幸存下來，徒步旅行的參與者必須能夠自己建造住所，必須能夠?yàn)樽约韩@得食物和水)”可知，C選項(xiàng)“為了生存，參與者需要掌握一定的生存技能”正確。故選C。
(B)
Abut Mbile Phne Sterilizer:
D yu knw there are mre bacteria n the phne than n the tilet seat cver, tilet drhandle, and shpping mall cunters? The survey shws there are 120,000 bacteria per square centimeter f the mbile phne, which can cause pneumnia, respiratry diseases, and ther unknwn cuntless types f bacteria harmful t the human bdy. It is bvius that the breeding f bacteria is almst inevitable if the phne is nt cleaned in time with prfessinal phne sterilizatin tls.
T prtect yur health, ur cmpany develps this multifunctinal mbile phne sterilizer t reduce the bacteria f phnes. The mbile phne sterilizer is a patented green item, especially suitable fr iPhne & Samsung.
Characters:
? Disinfectin quickly: within six minutes
? Disinfectin cmpletely: mre than 99.9% bacteria are eliminated
? Disinfectin widely: by the ways f ultravilet and zne
? Universal applicatin: Suitable fr varius types and sizes f phnes, and digital prducts,jewelry accessries, etc.
? Cnvenient t use: the prduct is cmpact and lightweight, prtable use at hme, in the ffice and ut fr travel
? Security: 5 vltage pwer supply, enhance prduct safety
Hw t use:
? Cnnect phne sterilizer with pwer by USB line and charger;
? Put the phne int the case, and clse the lid tightly;
? Turn n ON/OFF buttn, and the pwer light will wrk;
? Turn n sterilizatin buttn, and wrking light will wrk. After six minutes, sterilizatin will stp autmatically.
Rutine Care:
? Please remve the batteries when nt using the prduct fr a lng time.
? D nt place it directly in damp cnditin r in the sun.
? Please put it in ventilated and dry envirnment.
? D nt crack r extrude(擠壓).
After-sales Services:
1. Service prmise: six mnths guarantee frm the riginal date f purchase.
2. Warranty:
? Electrical fault caused by nn-artificial reasn
? Lss f functin caused by nn-artificial reasn
? Prduct appearance prblems after using, n warranty
? Accessries and package prblems after using, n warranty
? Any fault caused by artificial crack r damage, n warranty
? Any fault caused by artificial disassembling, n warranty
? Any fault caused by using it in abnrmal cnditins, n warranty
60．The Mbile Phne Sterilizer is a device used t ________.
A．charge yur mbile phne
B．prtect yur mbile phne
C．remve bacteria frm yur mbile phne
D．repair yur mbile phne
61．The fllwing are the features f the Mbile Phne Sterilizer except that ________.
A．it is cnvenient t be carried
B．it needs an extra 5 vltage pwer supply
C．it is envirnmentally friendly
D．mst f the bacteria can be killed by it
62．Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the passage?
A．The tilet seat cver has mre bacteria than the mbile phne.
B．Yu needn’t separate the batteries frm the Sterilizer if it’s nt used fr lng.
C．Yu dn’t have t press the OFF buttn when sterilizatin is ver.
D．The Mbile Phne Sterilizer is nly suitable fr iPhne & Samsung.
【答案】60．C 61．B 62．C
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，為一款手機(jī)消毒器做廣告，介紹了其特點(diǎn)、使用方式、日程護(hù)理、售后服務(wù)。
60．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“T prtect yur health, ur cmpany develps this multifunctinal mbile phne sterilizer t reduce the bacteria f phnes. (為了保護(hù)您的健康，我們公司開發(fā)了這種多功能手機(jī)消毒器，以減少手機(jī)中的細(xì)菌。)”可知，這款手機(jī)消毒器是一種用來消除手機(jī)細(xì)菌的設(shè)備。故選C。
61．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The mbile phne sterilizer is a patented green item, especially suitable fr iPhne & Samsung. (這款手機(jī)消毒器是一種獲得專利的綠色產(chǎn)品，特別適合iPhne和三星。)”以及“Characters”下面的“Disinfectin cmpletely: mre than 99.9% bacteria are eliminated (完全消毒：99.9%以上的細(xì)菌被消除)”“Cnvenient t use: the prduct is cmpact and lightweight, prtable use at hme, in the ffice and ut fr travel (使用方便：該產(chǎn)品小巧輕便，可在家中、辦公室和外出旅行時攜帶使用)”“Security: 5 vltage pwer supply, enhance prduct safety (安全：5V電源，增強(qiáng)產(chǎn)品安全性)”可知，這款手機(jī)消毒器非常環(huán)保，能消除99.9%以上的細(xì)菌，小巧輕便且便于攜帶，5V電源，選項(xiàng)A、C、D均正確，它并不需要額外的5V電源，B項(xiàng)錯誤。故選B。
62．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Hw t use”下面的“Turn n sterilizatin buttn, and wrking light will wrk. After six minutes, sterilizatin will stp autmatically. (打開殺菌按鈕，工作燈亮起。六分鐘后，滅菌將自動停止。)”可知，殺菌結(jié)束后會自動停止，不需要按關(guān)閉按鈕，所以C項(xiàng)正確。其他三項(xiàng)均與文章內(nèi)容不符。故選C。
(C)
It has always been assumed that nise is a prblem unique t animals. But a new study by Ali Akbar has revealed that plants suffer t.
That plants can be damaged indirectly by nise pllutin has never been in dubt. Since mst flwering species depend upn pllinatrs (授粉者) and mst fruit-bearing species need animals t spread arund their seeds, it is bvius that if these animal partners are harmed by nise then their btanical cunterparts will d badly, t. What has remained unknwn is whether r nt plants themselves suffer directly frm nise pllutin.
Scientists have previusly assumed that plants may be able t sense sund waves as they are struck by them. A number f experiments have cnfirmed this in recent years — plants heavily expsed t ultrasund in the lab have shwn a range f negative respnses including the expressin f stress-related genes, slwed grwth and reduced develpment f seeds.
Yet attacking plants with ultrasund is nt the same as grwing them in the presence f actual traffic nise. T this end, Ali Akbar decided t set up an experiment t study precisely this questins.
Wrking with a team f clleagues, he grew mariglds (孔雀草) and sage (鼠尾草) in his lab that are cmmnly fund in urban envirnments. The plants were divided int tw grups after getting mature. One grup was expsed t 73 decibels f traffic nise. The ther grup was left t grw in silence. After 15 days had passed, samples were taken frm the yungest fully expanded leaves n every plant in the experiment and studied.
Nne f the plants expsed t the traffic nise did well. Analysis f their leaves revealed that all f them were suffering. The team fund that a range f hrmnes(荷爾蒙) nrmally assciated with healthy grwth and develpment in plants were present at significantly reduced levels in the plants expsed t the nise. Tw stress hrmnes, which are nrmally prduced t prevent insect attacks and deal with salty sil r very cld temperatures, were elevated.
Ali Akbar’s findings make it clear that thugh plants lack ears, the nise f traffic still bthers them enugh t trigger dramatic stress respnses that are nt much different t thse that wuld be fund in plants expsed t drught, highly cncentrated salt r heavy metals in their sil.
The next questin is whether all nise pllutin affects all species in the same way. The natural wrld is by n means silent. Whether sme plant species have evlved cping mechanisms, which might ne day be cllected and transferred int urban-living species, is a mystery wrth explring.
63．What did scientists believe in the past?
A．Nise is a prblem directly facing bth animals and plants.
B．Plants can be affected by nise in an indirect way.
C．Animal partners can d harm t their btanical partners.
D．Sund waves can damage plants because they have senses.
64．What did Ali Akbar want t cnfirm in their experiment?
A．Ultrasund is similar t traffic nise in that it desn’t harm plants.
B．Plants expsed t ultrasund exhibit negative signs f grwth.
C．Traffic nise causes plants t grw unhealthily and slwly.
D．Plant leaves cntain hrmnes dealing with a harsh envirnment.
65．Which f the fllwing statements is true?
A．Plants grwing in silence have a reduced level f hrmnes
B．Plants expsed t nise respnd differently frm thse in drught.
C．Different nise pllutin has the same effect n all species.
D．An increase in stress hrmnes in plants means they are in hardship.
66．What can we infer frm the passage?
A．Sme plants may nt necessarily be harmed by the sund in nature.
B．Sme plants have surely develped a methd t cpe with traffic nise.
C．Unban-living species can be engineered t grw well in the natural wrld.
D．The silence in nature prmtes the develpment f nise cping mechanisms.
【答案】63．B 64．C 65．D 66．A
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了動物遭受噪音影響是不容懷疑的，植物是否也遭受噪音影響呢？文章通過一個實(shí)驗(yàn)闡述交通噪音也影響著植物。
63．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“That plants can be damaged indirectly by nise pllutin has never been in dubt.(植物會間接受到噪音污染的損害，這一點(diǎn)從來都是毋庸置疑的)”可知，過去的科學(xué)家們相信植物可以間接地受到噪音的影響。故選B項(xiàng)。
64．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“第六段中Nne f the plants expsed t the traffic nise did well. Analysis f their leaves revealed that all f them were suffering. The team fund that a range f hrmnes (荷爾蒙) nrmally assciated with healthy grwth and develpment in plants were present at significantly reduced levels in the plants expsed t the nise.(暴露在交通噪音中的植物沒有一株生長良好。對它們?nèi)~子的分析表明，它們都在遭受痛苦。研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，在暴露于噪音的植物中，一系列通常與植物健康生長發(fā)育相關(guān)的激素的水平顯著降低)”可推知，阿里·阿克巴想在他們的實(shí)驗(yàn)中證實(shí)交通噪音導(dǎo)致植物生長不健康，生長緩慢。故選C項(xiàng)。
65．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中“Tw stress hrmnes, which are nrmally prduced t prevent insect attacks and deal with salty sil r very cld temperatures, were elevated.(兩種應(yīng)激激素升高了，這兩種激素通常是為了防止昆蟲襲擊和應(yīng)對咸土壤或非常寒冷的溫度而產(chǎn)生的)”以及倒數(shù)第二段“Ali Akbar’s findings make it clear that thugh plants lack ears, the nise f traffic still bthers them enugh t trigger dramatic stress respnses that are nt much different t thse that wuld be fund in plants expsed t drught, highly cncentrated salt r heavy metals in their sil.(阿里·阿克巴爾的研究結(jié)果清楚地表明，盡管植物沒有耳朵，但交通噪音仍然足以困擾它們，從而引發(fā)劇烈的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)，這種應(yīng)激反應(yīng)與植物暴露在干旱、土壤中高濃度鹽或重金屬中的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)沒有太大區(qū)別)”可知，植物中應(yīng)激激素的增加意味著它們處于困境中。ABC選項(xiàng)均與原文實(shí)意不符。故選D項(xiàng)。
66．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“The next questin is whether all nise pllutin affects all species in the same way. The natural wrld is by n means silent. Whether sme plant species have evlved cping mechanisms, which might ne day be cllected and transferred int urban-living species, is a mystery wrth explring.(下一個問題是，是否所有的噪音污染都以同樣的方式影響所有的物種。自然界決不是安靜的。一些植物物種是否進(jìn)化出了應(yīng)對機(jī)制，有朝一日可能會被收集并轉(zhuǎn)移到城市生活物種中，這是一個值得探索的謎)”可推知，有些植物不一定會受到自然界聲音的傷害。故選A項(xiàng)。
Sectin C
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the sentences in the bx Each sentence can nly be used nce. Nte that there are tw sentences mre than yu need.
The Dance f Life
Befre children learn t talk, and withut having seen anyne dance, they express happiness thrugh simple rhythmic mvements r what we later recgnize as simple dances. 67 There are birds that actually have grup dances: circling, bwing, advancing, and retreating in unisn.
Nevertheless, it is nly human beings wh have adapted dance t therapeutic purpses. Dance as therapy ges back a lng time. Primitive peple first danced by themselves instinctively and fund, after a while, that repeated rhythmic mvements prduced a gd feeling. 68 This was the birth f dance therapy.
69 It was used fr a wide variety f purpses and n different ccasins: religius ceremnies, war dances, hunting dances, rain dances, planting and harvesting dances, marriage and funeral dances. Sadly, tday, many “advance” industrial scieties, such as the U. S. , have lst many f the functins cnnected t these lder dances. They have been replaced, fr example, with rave dancing which, at its best, invlves shaking yur bdy at a rave r nightclub.
But the “primitive” use f dance as therapy has recently seen a huge revival. 70 There are nearly tw millin website fr dance therapy n the Internet, and dance therapy grups arund the wrld cmbine pleasure with health and well-being. Peple wh may be put ff by therapies based n weird philsphies will readily take t dancing every Saturday night. Dance therapy nwadays, in fact, is taken very seriusly by bth alternative and cnventinal medical practitiners. It wuld seem that the “dance f life” cntinues t mve us all.
【答案】67．B 68．E 69．A 70．C
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了舞蹈有著神奇的治愈力量，對人的情感和思想有著積極的影響，因此而誕生的舞蹈治療法也受到越來越多的人的重視和認(rèn)可。
67．根據(jù)上一句“Befre children learn t talk, and withut having seen anyne dance, they express happiness thrugh simple rhythmic mvements r what we later recgnize as simple dances.”（在孩子們學(xué)會說話之前，他們沒有看過任何人跳舞，他們通過簡單的有節(jié)奏的動作或我們后來認(rèn)為的簡單的舞蹈來表達(dá)開心。）可知，人類天生就會跳舞；結(jié)合下一句“There are birds that actually have grup dances: circling, bwing, advancing, and retreating in unisn.”（有些鳥實(shí)際上會群舞：一起盤旋、鞠躬、前進(jìn)和后退。）可知，不僅人類，鳥類也會跳舞；選項(xiàng)B. And it’s nt nly humans that dance-animals and insects dance as well.（不僅人類會跳舞，動物和昆蟲也會跳舞。）指出了不僅人類會跳舞，動物也會，承上啟下，符合語意。故選B。
68．根據(jù)上一句“Primitive peple first danced by themselves instinctively and fund, after a while, that repeated rhythmic mvements prduced a gd feeling.”（原始人最初是憑本能自己跳舞，過了一段時間后，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)重復(fù)的有節(jié)奏的動作能產(chǎn)生一種良好的感覺。）可知，人類慢慢發(fā)現(xiàn)舞蹈能夠帶給人良好的感覺，選項(xiàng)E. Assciatins were frmed between dance and this psitive effect n the mind and emtins.（舞蹈與這種對思想和情感的積極影響之間形成了聯(lián)系。）中的“this psitive effect”與上一句的“gd feeling”相對應(yīng)，進(jìn)一步說明了舞蹈有利于幫助人類建立良好的情緒和感覺，結(jié)合下一句“This was the birth f dance therapy.”（這就是舞蹈療法的誕生。）可知，舞蹈對人類情感的積極影響導(dǎo)致了舞蹈療法的產(chǎn)生，該句中的“This”指代選項(xiàng)E的內(nèi)容，語意合理，符合語境。故選E。
69．根據(jù)下一句“It was used fr a wide variety f purpses and n different ccasins:”（它用于各種各樣的目的和不同的場合：）可知，該句中的“It”指代“舞蹈”，選項(xiàng)A. Dance has always seemed t have a magic healing pwer.（舞蹈似乎一直有一種神奇的治愈力量。）中的主語“Dance”與之相對應(yīng)，說明了舞蹈被用于各種目的和場合的原因，是因?yàn)樗幸环N神奇的治愈力量，銜接下文，語意合理。故選A。
70．根據(jù)上一句“But the “primitive” use f dance as therapy has recently seen a huge revival.”（但是，舞蹈作為治療的“原始”用途最近出現(xiàn)了巨大的復(fù)興。）可知，舞蹈治療開始興起，人們對這種方式產(chǎn)生了極大的興趣，選項(xiàng)C. Never befre has there been such interest in curses ffering dance therapy.（人們對提供舞蹈治療的課程從未有過如此濃厚的興趣。）具體說明了人們產(chǎn)生興趣的具體表現(xiàn)；結(jié)合下一句“There are nearly tw millin website fr dance therapy n the Internet, and dance therapy grups arund the wrld cmbine pleasure with health and well-being.”（互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上有近200萬個舞蹈治療網(wǎng)站，世界各地的舞蹈治療團(tuán)體將快樂與健康和幸福結(jié)合在一起。）可知，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上有許多提供舞蹈治療的課程，這應(yīng)該是人們對此產(chǎn)生極大興趣所導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果，故選項(xiàng)C承上啟下，語意銜接合理。故選C。
IV.Summary Writing (共10分）
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint( s)f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Cmmunicating science
One f the majr prblems fr scientists lies in cmmunicating the value f research t nn-specialists that matter:plicymakers and the general public. In recent years, scientific rganisatins have cme a lng way in develping ways t make science mre accessible t nn-specialist grups.
The develpment f blgs has helped substantially in bringing science clser t the public. Accrding t Wikipedia, the ScienceBlgs netwrk is nw ranked 37th amng the mst authritative blgs wrldwide, with tw f its sectins having wn weblg awards. Released frm editrial restrictins, science blggers generally fcus n areas f science that they are bth passinate and knwledgeable abut. They ften write abut science in an accessible, lively manner, and it is this that perhaps mst attracts members f the public. Ed Yng’s Nt Exactly Rcket Science, fr instance, is filled with the writer’s enthusiasm and dwn-t-earth attitude twards the subject. His chatty, yuthful style appeals t a wide range f readers.
Televisin has als bsted the image f science. Early pineers such as Jacques Custeau, whse beautifully filmed dcumentaries pened up the ceans t millins, quickly realised the ptential f TV t make science cme alive fr viewers. Other science disciplines have eagerly fllwed suit. Entertaining presenters carry ut daring experiments r explre amazing scientific phenmena in rder t attract attentin. Celebrities such as Brian Cx, nce famus fr playing music in D:Ream, have als been instrumental in bringing science int ppular culture. Nw wrking in the field f physics, Brian is presenter f the BBC TV series Wnders f the Slar System. His backgrund means that his face is nt nly well knwn t yunger viewers but is als cnsidered cl. Other rganisatins have been using the pwer f visual media thrugh the internet. Fr example, SciVee ffers scientists vide services t create nline presentatins f their research.
Nevertheless, despite this prgress, cmmunicatin remains ne f science’s biggest bstacle. Perhaps it is time that universities addressed this prblem, and thught abut adding cmmunicatins training t the curriculum.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】In recent years, scientific rganisatins have made prgress in making science mre accessible t nn-specialist grups. The blgs, which are released frm editrial restrictins, can bring science clser t the public. Televisin als plays an imprtant rle in bsting the image f science. Althugh there are lts f prgress, cmmunicatins training curses can be added t the curriculum.
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹說近年來，科學(xué)組織在使非專業(yè)團(tuán)體更容易獲得科學(xué)方面取得了進(jìn)展。這些不受編輯限制的博客可以拉近科學(xué)與公眾的距離。電視在提升科學(xué)形象方面也起著重要作用。雖然已經(jīng)取得了很大的進(jìn)步，但可以在課程中增加溝通培訓(xùn)課程。
【詳解】1. 要點(diǎn)摘錄
①In recent years, scientific rganisatins have cme a lng way in develping ways t make science mre accessible t nn-specialist grups.
②The develpment f blgs has helped substantially in bringing science clser t the public. Released frm editrial restrictins, science blggers generally fcus n areas f science that they are bth passinate and knwledgeable abut.
③Televisin has als bsted the image f science.
④Perhaps it is time that universities addressed this prblem, and thught abut adding cmmunicatins training t the curriculum.
2. 縝密構(gòu)思
要點(diǎn)①總起介紹，要點(diǎn)②、③進(jìn)行分說，要點(diǎn)④進(jìn)行總結(jié)。
3. 遣詞造句
In recent years, scientific rganisatins have made prgress in making science mre accessible t nn-specialist grups.
The blgs, which are released frm editrial restrictins, can bring science clser t the public.
Televisin als plays an imprtant rle in bsting the image f science.
Althugh there are lts f prgress, cmmunicatins training curses can be added t the curriculum.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】The blgs, which are released frm editrial restrictins, can bring science clser t the public.運(yùn)用一個which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句對第二段進(jìn)行了概括。
【高分句型2】Althugh there are lts f prgress, cmmunicatins training curses can be added t the curriculum. 用althugh引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句對最后一段進(jìn)行了概括，表達(dá)高級。
V.Translatin (共15分。第1小題和第2小題,每題3分;第3題4分;第4題5分。)
Directins:Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets
72．他用水壺?zé)诵┧?，為我泡了一杯茶?bil)
【答案】He biled sme water with a/the kettle and made a cup f tea fr me.
【詳解】考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知，句子描述過去的事情，時態(tài)用一般過去時，“用水壺”是with a/the kettle，“燒了些水”是bil sme water，bil用過去式，“為我”是fr me，“泡一杯茶”是make a cup f tea，make用過去式，用and連接兩個動作。故答案為He biled sme water with a/the kettle and made a cup f tea fr me.
73．父母賺錢不容易，你千萬要把錢花在刀刃上。(see t)
【答案】It is nt easy fr parents t make mney, s see t it that yu spend it n the right things.
【詳解】考查固定句型、動詞短語、形容詞、名詞和時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意以及句子的提示詞可知，該句應(yīng)為固定句型It is+adj+ fr sb t d sth表示“做某事對于某人來說是怎樣的”，在該句型中，表示“不容易”為形容詞nt easy；表示“賺錢”應(yīng)為動詞短語make mney；后接s連接的并列句，表示“一定做到，務(wù)必保證”應(yīng)為固定句型see t it that…；表示“花……在某方面”應(yīng)為動詞短語spend sth n sth；表示“正確的事情，即刀刃”應(yīng)為名詞短語the right things。結(jié)合句意可知，該句應(yīng)為陳述客觀事實(shí)，為一般現(xiàn)在時。故翻譯為：It is nt easy fr parents t make mney , s see t it that yu spend it n the right things.
74．正是因?yàn)樨瀼亍邦櫩蜑楸尽钡睦砟睿莻€落寞已久的社區(qū)商場才得以重回大眾視線。(It)
【答案】It is because f the implementatin f the “custmer first” cncept that the lng-deserted cmmunity shpping mall culd return t the public eye.
【詳解】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。because f (因?yàn)?，implementatin (貫徹)，cncept (理念)，可用“It is +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that/wh +其它”強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)，此處被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是原因狀語because f the implementatin f the “custmer first” cncept，用that；主句部分謂語用“情態(tài)動詞culd+動詞原形”，lng-deserted (落寞已久的)，shpping mall (商場)，故翻譯為：It is because f the implementatin f the “custmer first” cncept that the lng-deserted cmmunity shpping mall culd return t the public eye.
75．植物園的工作人員還準(zhǔn)備了多部短劇，以更有趣、更多元的方式帶領(lǐng)小朋友們走進(jìn)植物的世界。(way)
【答案】The staff f the btanical garden als prepared multiple shrt plays t lead children int the wrld f plants in a mre interesting and diverse way.
【詳解】考查固定短語和非謂語動詞?！爸参飯@”可表示為the btanical garden；“工作人員”可表示為staff；“準(zhǔn)備”可表示為prepare；“多部短劇”可表示為multiple shrt plays；“以更有趣、更多元的方式”可表示為in a mre interesting and diverse way；“帶領(lǐng)……走進(jìn)……”可表示為；“……的世界”可表示為the wrld f。根據(jù)句意，工作人員準(zhǔn)備短劇是為了帶領(lǐng)小朋友們走進(jìn)植物的世界，所以這里應(yīng)用不定式。故本句可翻譯為：The staff f the btanical garden als prepared multiple shrt plays t lead children int the wrld f plants in a mre interesting and diverse way.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese
春季高考考試過后，學(xué)校準(zhǔn)備利用半天時間開展課余活動。目前有兩個備選方案：（1）開展體育、藝術(shù)方面的活動 （2）去重點(diǎn)大學(xué)參觀考察。
近期學(xué)校正在征詢學(xué)生意見，請比較兩個方案，給學(xué)校寫一封信，談?wù)勀愕目捶ā?br>信中必須包括:
1. 你建議采用的方案；
2. 你如此建議的理由；
3. 你對于執(zhí)行該方案的建議。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Schl Leaders,
As the schl prepares t use half a day fr extracurricular activities after the midterm exams, I suggest that we chse ptin ne, which is t carry ut sprts and arts-related activities.
Firstly, sprts and arts activities can help students exercise, develp interests, teamwrk spirit, and mre. In additin, as an effective way t relieve stress and adjust learning status, the activities can help students release pressure, and devte themselves t learning and live mre effectively.
Therefre, I recmmend that specific implementatin plans shuld be arranged accrding t the students’ ages and interests, such as basketball, sccer, dance, painting, etc., t encurage students t participate actively and experience the jy f extracurricular activities and their true benefits.
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。期中考試過后，學(xué)校準(zhǔn)備利用半天時間開展課余活動。目前有兩個備選方案：（1）開展體育、藝術(shù)方面的活動 （2）去重點(diǎn)大學(xué)參觀考察。要求考生比較兩個方案，給學(xué)校寫一封信，談?wù)勛约旱目捶ā?br>【詳解】1.詞匯積累
建議：suggest→advice
執(zhí)行：carry ut → perfrm
首先：firstly→ first f all
此外：In additin→ what’s mre
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句： Firstly, sprts and arts activities can help students exercise, develp interests, teamwrk spirit, and mre.
拓展句：Firstly, sprts and arts activities can help students exercise, which can als develp interests, teamwrk spirit, and mre.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】As the schl prepares t use half a day fr extracurricular activities after the midterm exams, I suggest that we chse ptin ne, which is t carry ut sprts and arts-related activities.（運(yùn)用了as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，以及that引導(dǎo)賓語從句）
【高分句型2】Therefre, I recmmend that specific implementatin plans shuld be arranged accrding t the students’ ages and interests, such as basketball, sccer, dance, painting, etc., t encurage students t participate actively and experience the jy f extracurricular activities and their true benefits.（運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)賓語從句以）
A．celebrate B．verlked C． circumstances D．cast E. incredibly
F. factrs G. unspken H. swim I. strngly J. nrmal K. assume
A．Dance has always seemed t have a magic healing pwer.
B．And it’s nt nly humans that dance-animals and insects dance as well.
C．Never befre has there been such interest in curses ffering dance therapy.
D．Thse with medical prblems can’t tell they are in therapy because they are just having fun.
E．Assciatins were frmed between dance and this psitive effect n the mind and emtins.
F．They dressed up as animals and jumped up and dwn making animal mvements and nises.

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