第05講 任務型閱讀之補全句子、補全短文、信息摘錄和多任務混合（課件）- 2024年中考英語一輪復習課件（全國通用）

這是一份第05講 任務型閱讀之補全句子、補全短文、信息摘錄和多任務混合（課件）- 2024年中考英語一輪復習課件（全國通用），共43頁。PPT課件主要包含了中考英語一輪復習策略，中考一輪復習講練測，復習目標，網(wǎng)絡構建，知識梳理題型歸納，真題感悟，PART ONE，夯基·必備基礎知識，考查方式及解題技巧，閱讀填表命題方式等內容，歡迎下載使用。
1、抓基礎、重應用、強化詞句的積累和運用。要求學生重視并充分利用每單元學案、課本上的重點詞匯、短語和句型，以及每單元的綜合訓練，認真對其辨析、總結和歸納，查漏補缺，堅持積累，最重要的是能夠在合適的語境中正確、靈活地運用。保證課堂高效。2、抓課堂、重效率、要求學生緊跟老師的節(jié)奏。一輪復習是將重點知識提煉，容量大，速度快。所以，學生的思路必須時時刻刻跟隨著老師的思路，要快速地用腦思，用心聽、用嘴說，用手寫，才能達到高效。3、抓自習、重過程、增強得分的意識。學案都是在規(guī)定的時間內完成，重視規(guī)范的做題步驟，重視思考過程。更重要的是，做完題后要對做過的題目進行反思、整理。4、抓閱讀、重反思、全面提高成績。得閱讀者得天下。閱讀是強化英語思維的最佳途徑之一。5、抓時間，重效果，扎實做好每個復習環(huán)節(jié)。一輪復習時間緊，任務重，需要同學們充分搶抓時間，利用時間，緊跟復習進度。同時，重視復習效果，做到做一件事，有一點收獲。
第05講 任務型閱讀之補全句子、補全短文、信息摘錄和多任務混合
1.掌握補全句子、補全短文、信息摘錄和多任務混合考查方式2.明確補全句子、補全短文、信息摘錄和多任務混合解題技巧
題型特點1. 命題靈活，題型多樣。一般閱讀理解題型多采用選擇題，題型單一。任務型閱讀題則可以通過一篇短文或一幅圖表要求學生完成多項任務，命題人可以隨心所欲地設計出多種題型，考查學生多方面的能力。
2. 貼近生活，凸顯交際。任務型閱讀重在考查用英語解決實際問題的能力，學生需在任務的引導下開展閱讀，其問題設置不僅具有真實性、情境性，而且也體現(xiàn)出一定的開放性。這樣的設問形式貼近學生使用語言的現(xiàn)實生活情景，學生完成任務的過程既是分析問題、解決問題的過程，也是運用語言進行交際的過程。
3. 讀寫結合，重視輸出。任務型閱讀改變了過去閱讀理解單向的信息輸入，側重主動的信息輸出，要求學生整合短文中的相關信息，然后根據(jù)題目要求回答問題或完成圖表，綜合性很強。 4. 語言精練，高度概括。任務型閱讀題目要求學生填表或給文章擬標題時一般都有一定的字數(shù)限制，要求學生在正確把握原文的基礎上，充分運用自己所學語言，重新整合信息，運用規(guī)范、概括的文字準確無誤地表達出來。
綜觀近年來這幾類的任務型閱讀題，我們可以歸納出以下五類考點：1. 中心歸納題中心歸納題屬于綜合概括題，主要位于表格的標題處。這類題要求考生在弄懂全文的內容后，抓住文章的中心，然后對中心進行高度濃縮、概括，從而成為統(tǒng)領全文的標題。由于詞數(shù)被限制在幾個單詞以內，因此這類題難度較大?？忌仨毦邆鋵ξ恼逻M行綜合分析、歸納概括以及準確表達的能力。這類試題在考題中通常只占1題。
2. 段意概括題段意概括題屬于分析表達題，主要位于表格的左邊欄。這類題主要考查考生對文章體裁、結構的認識及用語言文字的表達能力。如果文章是說明文，那么它的主題是什么？它的目的是什么？作者用什么方式、從哪幾個方面進行介紹、說明的？作者通過介紹、說明得出了什么樣的結論？作者提出了什么樣的建議或希望？如果文章是議論文，那么文章的論點是什么？
作者用什么方法、從哪些方面進行論證的？最后得出了什么樣的結論？對于考生來說，這類試題有一定的難度，考生必須平時注意對文章進行分析，同時還應多熟記一些概括性的詞匯，如：purpse/aim/gal; tpic/theme; suggestin/advice; type/kind; way/means/methd; effect/result; cause/reasn; feature/characteristic; functin/use; cmment/assessment等。這類試題在考題中一般占2―3題。
3. 功能理解題功能理解題屬于理解表達題。這類題主要考查考生對句子、信息在文章中所起作用的理解?？忌荒苤煌Ａ粼趯渥幼置嬉馑嫉睦斫猓鴳撏高^現(xiàn)象抓住句子、信息的本質，即它與前后信息的聯(lián)系，它們之間究竟是什么樣的關系，如因果、條件、讓步、比較等。這類試題在考題中通常占2―3題。
4. 信息壓縮及改寫題信息壓縮及改寫題屬于活用題?？忌灰ㄗx全文，就能在文章中找到與試題相關的信息，但是由于所給的信息往往過長，考生必須對這些信息進行再次加工，將信息壓縮、改寫成不超過三個單詞的短語。如The by is eight years ld這一信息可考慮改寫為an eight-year-ld by。這類試題在考題中占2—3題。
5. 信息獲取題信息獲取題屬于基礎題?？忌贿呴喿x文章就能一邊從文章中直接找出試題的相關信息，并且不需要任何加工就可將它直接作為試題的答案。這類試題在考題中占2―3題。
★ 標題歸納 文章標題的歸納，一要關注文章的核心及高頻詞匯，二要根據(jù)主題句提煉主題。1. 閱讀文章時，要注意文中反復出現(xiàn)或強調的信息，因而要在文中尋找覆蓋全文的核心詞匯或句子，或尋找與文章大部分內容相關的信息。2. 尋找文章的主題句是解答標題歸納題的核心，主題句一般位于文章首末段或分散于各個段落中，需要考生加以總結提煉，得出答案。
真題感悟 一、信息摘錄
（2021·四川綿陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題） Yu can read up yur favrite skatebard star, email r test yur friends. Yu can d a lt f wnderful things nline. That’s why the Internet is amazing! If yu’re a kid wh likes t have fun and chat with friends nline, here’re the things yu need t watch carefully in rder t stay safe and avid prblems. Nt all websites are safe fr students. Luckily, yur parents can guide yu t sme websites. And yu can als visit the websites yur teachers suggest. Stick t these safe websites and dn’t g ut t try smething new. Sme websites dn’t allw kids under a certain age t visit them. Yu may find it inviting and fun t lie abut yur age. It’s safer t tell the truth and avid thse websites until yu’re lder.
The lss f Internet ID can cause big prblems. S it is imprtant t make yur Internet ID safe. If smene can get n the Internet in yur username, yu have n cntrl ver what they d r say. And everyne will think it’s yu! S dn’t ever let anyne knw yur username fr the Internet. And dn’t share yur passwrds with anyne except yur parents.
Take gd care f yur private infrmatin. Never tell an nline stranger where yu live. Yur address can make it much easier fr bad peple t find yu. Yur phne number is anther imprtant piece f persnal infrmatin. Once it’s ut nline, it can bring yu a lt f truble. Many nline cheatings are carried ut with the help f peple’s phne numbers. Yur parents’ names are als private infrmatin. It is risky if they are let ut nline.
【答案】1．websites 2．private infrmatin 3．teachers’ suggestins 4．username 5．parents’ names【分析】本文是主要介紹了一些在上網(wǎng)時需要注意的事情。1．根據(jù)“Nt all websites are safe fr students”可知，本段主要圍繞“網(wǎng)址”介紹需要注意的事情，故填websites。2．根據(jù)“Take gd care f yur private infrmatin”可知，保護好私人信息，故填private infrmatin。
3．根據(jù)“And yu can als visit the websites yur teachers suggest”可知，可以登錄老師建議的這些網(wǎng)址，故填teachers’ suggestins。4．根據(jù)“ S dn’t ever let anyne knw yur username fr the Internet”可知，不要讓任何人知道自己的用戶名，故填username。5．根據(jù)“Yur parents’ names are als private infrmatin”可知，父母的姓名也是私人信息，故填parents’ names。
真題感悟 （二）補全句子
（2023·黑龍江大慶·統(tǒng)考中考真題）“It can’t be dne.” Byan Slat heard this ver and ver when he first suggested a way t clean up millins f tns f plastic plluting ur ceans.Slat was n a diving（潛水）trip in Greece three years ag when he was trubled by plastic. “There were mre plastic bags than fishes,” he says. “That mment I realized it was a huge prblem and that envirnmental prblems are really the biggest prblems we will face.”
That fall, Slat, then 17, decided t study plastic pllutin as part f a high schl prject. Sn, Slat learned that n ne had yet thught f useful ways t clean up all the rubbish. Mst peple wanted t “fish” up the plastic using ships with nets—which might need mre than 1,000 years, cst t much, and leave sea life alng with the rubbish. Slat decided t avid these prblems: a slar-pwered system（太陽能系統(tǒng)）using a mving plastic tube（管）which will g arund the rubbish and cllect it. Wind and waves will push the rubbish t the tube. A ship will pick up the rubbish and take it back t the land.
Slat rganized a team f vlunteers fr the Ocean Cleanup, which has abut 100 members. Over the next three t fur years, Slat will cntinue t test whether his prject is gd enugh r nt. Use wrds with prper meanings and grammatical rules t fill in the blanks. (Only ne wrd fr ne blank.)
6．Slat first suggested cleaning up millins f tns f _____ t stp_______the cean.7．When Slat was diving in Greece, he fund there were_______ fishes_______plastic bags.8．“Fishing” up the plastic might need a _______time and_______t much.9．Slat hped the rubbish wuld be pushed t the tube by _______and_______ .10．It will _______Slat and his team ver three t fur years t test _______ his prject is gd enugh r nt.
【答案】6． plastic/plastics plluting 7． fewer than 8． lng cst 9． wind/waves waves/wind 10． take whether【導語】本文主要敘述了博揚·斯萊特成立了“海洋清理”組織來清理海洋垃圾的故事。6．根據(jù)“Byan Slat heard this ver and ver when he first suggested a way t clean up millins f tns f plastic plluting ur ceans.”可知，博揚·斯萊特第一次提出一種清理海洋的數(shù)百萬噸塑料來阻止污染海洋?！八芰稀笨捎胮lastic或plastics來表示，動詞短語stp ding sth意為“阻止做某事”，“污染”是動詞pllute，其動名詞為plluting。故填plastic/plastics；plluting。
7．根據(jù)“Slat was n a diving（潛水）trip in Greece three years ag when he was trubled by plastic. ‘There were mre plastic bags than fishes,’ he says.”可知，三年前，斯萊特在希臘潛水時，受到了塑料的困擾?！八芰洗若~還多，”他說。說明魚比塑料少，應用fewer…than表示“比……更少”。故填fewer；than。8．根據(jù)“Mst peple wanted t ‘fish’ up the plastic using ships with nets—which might need mre than 1,000 years, cst t much, and leave sea life alng with the rubbish.”可知，大多數(shù)人想用帶網(wǎng)的船來“打撈”塑料，這可能需要1000多年的時間，成本太高，并留下海洋生物和垃圾。說明“打撈”塑料可能需要很長時間，而且成本太高。應用形容詞lng“長的”修飾名詞time，情態(tài)動詞might后接動詞原形，因此應用動詞cst的原形來表示“花費（金錢）”。故填lng；cst。
9．根據(jù)“Wind and waves will push the rubbish t the tube.”可知，風和浪會把垃圾推到管子里。故填wind/waves；waves/wind。10．根據(jù)“Over the next three t fur years, Slat will cntinue t test whether his prject is gd enugh r nt.”可知，在接下來的三到四年里，斯萊特將繼續(xù)測試他的項目是否足夠好。根據(jù)“It will”可知此處應用動詞原形take來表示“花費（時間）”，根據(jù)“r nt”可知第二空應填入whether。故填take；whether。
真題感悟 (三）補全短文
（2022·山西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）請閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)語篇內容，在方框內的縮寫文章中，填入與短文意思最符合的單詞，每空一詞。China impresses the wrld in the year 2022. In the past mnths, we have seen several imprtant events that shwed the wrld a strng China. Here we take a lk back at them.The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games clsed n February 20. Themed “Tgether fr a Shared Future”, the Games drew attentin f the wrld successfully. Athletes (運動員)
cmpeted bravely n the ice and snw, achieving their dreams. They encuraged peple arund the wrld with their spirits. Behind stage, Chinese fd and culture impressed internatinal athletes. Many shared phts and vides f their life n scial media, telling Chinese stries t the wrld. Beijing 2022 gave the wrld a windw n China.While Beijing 2022 reflects rich Chinese culture, the great prgress in science and technlgy shws the ability t innvate (創(chuàng)新). On April 16, China welcmed three heric astrnauts hme. After flying arund Earth fr six mnths, they came back hme safely.
During the stay in space, they gave lively science lessns frm the Tiangng space statin. That made millins f children fall in lve with space science. What’s mre, n June 5, the Shenzhu XIV spacecraft rse int space and anther three astrnauts were sent int the space statin. They will make a further step in the explratin (探索) f space.All these great achievements shw the pwer f China. We’re prud f ur cuntry. We strngly believe that China will surely mve frward t an even brighter future.
完成短文China impresses the wrld in the year 2022. And the wrld sees a 11 China. Beijing held the 2022 Winter Olympic Games successfully. Athletes cmpeted bravely and 12 peple arund the wrld. Besides, they tld Chinese stries n scial media. That let the wrld knw mre abut Chinese fd and 13 . China als keeps innvating in science and technlgy. On April 16, three heric astrnauts returned hme 14 . The lively lessns they gave frm space rse children’s interest in space science. With the Shenzhu XIV rising int space n June 5, China will cntinue with a further space explratin. As Chinese, we feel 15 f ur cuntry fr all these great achievements. We believe China will have an even brighter future.
【答案】11．strng 12．encuraged 13．culture 14．safely 15．prud【導語】本文向我們展示了中國近期實現(xiàn)的偉大成就，顯示了中國的力量。11．根據(jù)“In the past mnths, we have seen several imprtant events that shwed the wrld a strng China.”可知，在過去的幾個月里，我們看到了一些向世界展示中國強大的重要事件。故填strng。12．根據(jù)“They encuraged peple arund the wrld with their spirits.”可知，他們用自己的精神鼓勵世界各地的人們。故填encuraged。
13．根據(jù)“Behind stage, Chinese fd and culture impressed internatinal athletes.”可知，中國的飲食和文化給國際運動員留下了深刻的印象。故填culture。14．根據(jù)“After flying arund Earth fr six mnths, they came back hme safely.”可知，在繞地球飛行了六個月之后，他們安全回到了家。故填safely。15．根據(jù)“We’re prud f ur cuntry.”可知，我們?yōu)槲覀兊膰腋械津湴?。故填prud。
真題感悟 （四）多任務混合
（2023·遼寧沈陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）In the castal city f Laguna in Brazil, there is a special fishing team. (A) ________ is made up f fishermen and dlphins (海豚)! They cperate (合作) t catch fish.Maurici Cantr frm Oregn State University, US, studied this relatinship. As he tld Science News Explres, (B) they started t wrk as a team mre than 100 years ag.
“The dlphins are really gd at finding fish in dirty water and driving them t the cast,” Cantr said. “The fishermen are really gd at catching the fish with their nets.” Once the fish are caught in the nets, dlphins can mve in and get sme fr themselves. ①Cantr’s study described hw fishermen and dlphins give cues (信號) t each ther during fishing. When dlphins find fish, they drive them t the cast. After that, they arch (拱起) their backs in frnt f the fishermen t tell them t get nets ready. ② Fishermen may wait fr a lng time (C) 如果他們失去最好的機會. Therefre, they shuld be well-trained t understand the cues frm dlphins.
The study fund that fishermen are 17 times mre likely (可能的) t catch fish by wrking with dlphins. ③ At the same time, cperative dlphins have 13 % higher survival rates (生存率) (D) ________ ther dlphins.Human-animal partnerships have been uncmmn thrughut histry. But they give us an idea f hw psitive ur human cperatin can be with nature.
16．在文中(A)和(D)的空白處填入適當?shù)膯卧~：________ ；_________ 17．將文中畫線部分(B)改寫為：they started t wrk _________ mre than a _________ag.18．將文中畫線部分(C)譯成英語：_________ 19．將 “Fishermen will then thrw the nets right away.” 填入文中，①②③三處中最佳的位置是：_________ 20．從文中找出海豚擅長做的兩件事： _________ ； _________
【答案】16． It than 17． tgether/cperatively century 18．if they lse the/their best chance/pprtunity 19．② 20． finding fish (in dirty water) driving them/fish (t the cast)【導語】本文主要介紹了漁民和海豚合作捕魚的事情。16．根據(jù)“In the castal city f Laguna in Brazil, there is a special fishing team. (A) ... is made up f fishermen and dlphins!”可知(A)處用it指代上文提到過的特殊捕魚隊，句子開頭首字母大寫；根據(jù)“At the same time, cperative dlphins have 13 % higher survival rates (D) ... ther dlphins.”可知是合作的海豚存活率比其他海豚高，形成對比，用than表示“比”。故填It；than。
17．根據(jù)“they started t wrk as a team mre than 100 years ag”可知是開始一起工作，as a team可用tgether或cperatively替換；100年是一個世紀，a后接名詞century表示“世紀”。故填tgether/cperatively；century。18．“如果”if；“他們”they；“失去最后的機會”lse the/their best chance/pprtunity。根據(jù)上下文可知用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填if they lse the/their best chance/pprtunity。
19．“Fishermen will then thrw the nets right away.”意為“漁民們會立刻把網(wǎng)扔掉”，結合“After that, they arch their backs in frnt f the fishermen t tell them t get nets ready.”可知漁民收到海豚發(fā)出的信號后會及時撒網(wǎng)捕魚。故填②。20．根據(jù)“When dlphins find fish, they drive them t the cast.”可知海豚擅長找到魚和驅趕魚。故填finding fish (in dirty water)；driving them/fish (t the cast)。