
連詞是連接單詞、短語或句子的一種虛詞,起輔助作用,在句子中不單獨作成分。根據(jù)在句子中所起的作用不同,連詞通常分為并列連詞和從屬連詞。并列連詞用來連接屬于同一層次并具有同等句法功能的詞、短語或句子;而從屬連詞用來連接不同層次,帶有主從關(guān)系的詞、短語或句子。
【知識歸納】
一、并列連詞
【特例清單】
1.“祈使句+r+結(jié)果句” = “If yu dn’t…,yu’ll…”,其中r意為“否則”
例:Hurry up, r yu will be late. 快點,否則你就會遲到了!
=If yu hurry up, yu wn’t be late. 如果快點,你就不會遲到了。
=If yu dn’t hurry up, yu will be late. 如果不快點,你就會遲到了。
but “但是”,用來表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,注意它不能與thugh,althugh連用
s “所以,因此”用來表示因果關(guān)系,注意它不能與because,since,as連用
fr “因為”,表示原因,主要用來進行補充說明,沒有因果關(guān)系
nt nly…but als,neither…nr…和either…r…連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞與最近的主語保持一致;bth…and…連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式;而as well as連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞同前面的主語在人稱和數(shù)上要保持一致
例:Nt nly I but als my mther is ging t the museum. 不僅我而且我的母親也要去博物館。
Neither yu nr I am right. 你和我都不對。
Either yu r he is right. 要么你對,要么他對。
Bth Li Ping and her father take exercise every mrning.李萍和她的父親每天早晨都進行鍛煉。
二、從屬連詞
【特例清單】
if意為“是否”時,引導(dǎo)賓語從句;意為“如果”時,引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。
例:Culd yu tell me if they’ll cme tmrrw? 你能告訴我他們明天會來嗎?
Yu can g ut t play if yur hmewrk is finished.
如果你的作業(yè)做完了,你就可以出去玩了。
從屬連詞s…that…和such…that…都表示“如此……以至于……”,但用法不同:s…that…結(jié)構(gòu)中的s為副詞,后面跟形容詞或副詞;such…that…中的such為形容詞,后面接名詞(名詞前可以有形容詞或副詞修飾)。
例:He was such a clever by that he thught ut a very gd idea.
= He was s clever a by that he thught ut a very gd idea.
這個男孩很聰明,想出了一個非常好的辦法。
并列連詞
詞義
例句
and
和,又,及
He is laughing and talking.
but
但是,可是
(表轉(zhuǎn)折)
He is pr, but hnest.
r
或者(表選擇)
Wuld yu like tea r cffee?
s
因此,所以
(表結(jié)果)
He was ill, s he culdn’t g t schl yesterday.
bth…and…
兩者都
Bth yu and she are right.
nt nly…
but als…
不但……
而且……
Nt nly yu but als everyne here likes watching ftball match.
either…r…
或者……
或者……
Either he r I am right.
neither…nr…
既不……
也不……
Neither the twins nr Li Lei has been t Shanghai.
分類
連詞
詞義
例句
表示
時間
when
當(dāng)…時
The students were talking when the teacher came in.
while
當(dāng)…時
I was ding my hmewrk while my father was watching TV.
after
在…之后
I’ll g t play ftball after I finish my hmewrk.
befre
在…之前
Please turn ff the light befre yu leave the rm.
till,until
直到…為止
I’ll wait till/until he arrives.
不到…
不
She wn’t get hme till/until it gets dark.
as sn as
一…就
I’ll call yu as sn as I get t Beijing.
since
自從…
He has lived here since 1980.
表示
條件
if
如果
We’ll g fr a picnic if it desn’t rain.
unless
除非,如果不
They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday.
表示
原因
because
因為
He didn’t cme because he was ill.
since
既然
Since we have gt ready fr it, let’s set ff.
as
因為
As I’m nt at hme, please leave a message.
表示
目的
s that
以便于
He gt up early s that he culd get there in time.
in rder that
為了
He wrks hard in rder that he can g t a gd cllege.
表示
結(jié)果
s…that
如此…以至于…
The bx is s heavy that we can’t carry it.
such…
that
如此…以至于…
It is such a heavy bx that nbdy can mve it away.
表示
讓步
thugh/
althugh
雖然
He wuld be happy thugh he shuld have t live alne.
He ften helps thers althugh he is nt rich.
表示
比較
as
像…一樣
D as yu like.
as…as…
和…一樣
He ran as fast as Mike.
nt as…as
不及…
It isn’t as easy as yu think.
than
比…
She jumped higher than Rse.
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