一、閱讀理解
Mst f us have dreamed f being a great inventr t create smething great. Hwever, just because smene’s invented smething, it desn’t mean that they’re happy with the end result.
Albert Einstein—The Atmic Bmb
It’s Albert Einstein’s wrk that made the creatin f the atmic bmb pssible.
Hwever, years later Einstein regretted having signed a letter t President Rsevelt urging him t supprt the research int nuclear chain reactins, because he believed the Germans were already wrking n it. “Had I knwn that the Germans wuld nt succeed in prducing an atmic bmb,” he said, “I wuld have never lifted a finger.”
Ethan Zuckerman—The Pp-up Advertisement
If yu’ve ever fund yurself yelling at yur cmputer screen in frustratin as yet anther pp-up ad leaps int view, Zuckerman is the persn t blame. “The business mdel that gt us funded was advertising. The mdel was analyzing users’ persnal hmepages s we culd better target ads t them. Alng the way, we ended up creating ne f the mst hated tls in the advertiser’s tlkit: the pp-up ad,” Zuckerman explained.
Bb Prpst—The Office Cubicle
In the 1960s, Bb Prpst intrduced the ffice cubicle t Americans. It was designed t “give knwledge wrkers a mre flexible envirnment than the rat-maze bxes f ffices”. Cmpanies saw his inventin as a way t save mney, ding away with individual ffices and replacing them with pen plans and cubicles. Hwever, Prpst came t cmplain his inventin. “The cubiclizing f peple in mdern crpratins is extremely mad and stupid,” he said.
1．What are the initial purpse f the inventins f the Pp-up Advertisement and the Office Cubicle?
A. T save mney.B. T entertain the users.
C. T benefit the cmpanies.D. T impress the cmpanies.
2．What d the three inventins have in cmmn?
A. Their inventrs regretted their creatins.
B. They are disliked by all thse wh use them.
C. They have been widely used in ur daily life.
D. The inventins culd save a lt f mney.
3．In which sectin f a magazine may this text appear?
A. Stry.B. Business.C. Educatin.D. Technlgy.
Fr mst children, bath time is fun. But fur-year-ld Harry Flyd used t have a very different experience—sn after climbing int the water he felt itchy (發(fā)癢的) frm head t ft.
Harry first started t develp small itchy bumps n the skin at three mnths ld. He wke at 3 a. m. and was cvered in the bumps, but they cleared up within an hur. When Harry's mther Lisa gt him t the dctr, there was nthing t see. Lisa initially thught it was the sap that Harry was allergic t, but even when she just used water t bathe him he wuld still get the bumps. Lisa was then alarmed t see that when the weather was really cld r ht Harry wuld start t get them. Within a few minutes they wuld spread ver his bdy. He'd just scream and try t scratch them.
Lisa and her husband Eddie tk Harry t the dctr many times ver the next year, but were tld it was simply a virus and the cnditin wuldn't affect his lder brther, Oliver. At six mnths Harry was diagnsed with several fd allergies, which dctrs thught might have caused the bumps. But Harry cntinued t get the bumps even after shunning thse fds. Out f desperatin, the family tk Harry t Great Ormnd Street Hspital t see a private specialist. By cincidence, Harry gt the bumps when they were waiting t see the cnsultant. S the cnsultant saw exactly hw severe it was. And Harry was diagnsed with physical urticaria (蕁麻疹), a skin allergy t a hst f cmmn triggers (觸發(fā)物). Since the diagnsis, Harry’s cnditin has greatly imprved.
The cause f physical urticaria is still a mystery. Genetics may play a rle and stress has been seen as a trigger. Frm newbrn babies t the ld are likely t suffer frm it. Recent research suggests arund ne millin peple in Britain suffer frm the cnditin, althugh experts say this may be inaccurate, with many mre ging undiagnsed.
4．Why des Harry's prblem remain unslved at the first time?
A. Lisa was unsure abut the triggers.
B. Hspital equipment was nt advanced.
C. His symptms disappeared in a shrt time.
D. Dctrs lacked experience t identify the bumps.
5．What des the underlined wrd “shunning” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Digesting.B. Aviding.C. Selecting.D. Ignring.
6．What can we knw frm the last paragraph?
A. Physical urticaria can start at any age.
B. Harry's father used t have physical urticaria.
C. Physical urticaria is rather uncmmn in Britain.
D. Physical urticaria can be easily passed n t children.
7．What des the text mainly talk abut?
A. The symptms f a rare disease.
B. The pssible causes f physical urticaria.
C. A family seeking treatment fr their injured kid.
D. A little by suffering frm a terrible skin allergy.
I have frequently taught Research Methds and Design t cllege students at several institutins. I lve teaching this curse. One reasn, f curse, is that I enjy thinking abut research methdlgy (方法學(xué)) and sharing it with thers. The ther reasn, hwever, is the bvius impact that it has n students. Every term, ne (if nt mre) student tells me hw taking this curse has affected him/her: “I used t just read articles and believe what they said, but nw I find myself asking ‘Is this true? Hw d they knw? Is this a well designed study?” That is what I want the students t achieve in this curse.
This brings t mind smething written by Drthy L. Sayers in 1948. One f her bks, The Lst Tls f Learning speaks t Sayers’ thughts n educatin. “By teaching ur yung men and wmen t read, we have left them at the mercy f the printed wrds. By the inventin f the film and the radi,we have made certain that n dislike fr reading shall prtect them frm the cnstant battery f wrds, wrds, wrds. They d nt knw what the wrds mean: they are victims t wrds in their emtins instead f being the masters f them in their intelligence.”
We are well past the 1940s, but her bservatin is still relevant. Sayers’ pint is well taken. In the wrld f 24-hur news and scial media that ften resembles (類似) the Wild West, the ability t carry ut evaluatins has never been mre imprtant. In rder t resist the distrtins with which we are cnstantly bmbed in the media, as well as be able t present a persuasive argument, we must be able t reasn well, and think and give a judgement carefully.
When my students begin the Research Methds and Design curse, they are generally nt cntent t read all thse research article I give. Hwever, by the end f the curse, they are excited abut their newly btained abilities.
8．What is the authr’s curse gal fr her students?
A. Thinking critically.B. Reading deeply.
C. Designing studies well.D. Questining themselves.
9．What did Sayers imply abut educatin?
A. It was bring.B. It was wrrying.
C. It was cnventinal.D. It was useless.
10．What des the underlined wrd “distrtins” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Ppular news.B. Varius evaluatins.
C. Persuasive arguments.D. Misleading infrmatin.
11．Why des the authr write the text?
A. T review a bk.B. T intrduce a writer.
C. T suggest a practical skill.D. T criticize scial media.
By examining tiny vessels (血管) inside a persn’s eyes, dctrs might ne day be able t predict that persn’s risk f early death, accrding t a new study.
Past research had shwn the retina (視網(wǎng)膜), light-sensitive layers f nerve tissue at the back f the eye, as a pssible indicatr f a persn’s bjlgical age. The retina ffers a unique, accessible “windw” t evaluate underlying pathlgical (病理的) prcesses f sme serius diseases that are assciated with increased risks f death. In the new study, the researchers turned t a deep-learning technique that culd predict a persn’s risk f death by analyzing the bilgical age f the retina.
Their deep-learning mdel, a type f machine learning and artificial intelligence that’s mdeled t learn similar t a human brain, analyzed mre than 80.000 images f fundus (眼底) - the internal back surface f the eye that includes the retina. They btained the images frm nearly 47.000 peple between the ages f 40 and 69, stred in the UK. Bibank. TO figure ut whether their mdel was accurate, they first analyzed mre than 19,000 fundus images taken frm mre than 1,100 participants wh were in relatively gd health. The idea was that the retinal bilgical ages f these peple shuld be fairly similar t their chrnlgical age (實(shí)際年齡) .
The mdel was fairly accurate in predicting retinal ages, with an accuracy f within 3.5 years t chrnlgical ages. They then used the mdel t assess the remaining nearly 36,000 participants’ fundus phts cllected acrss a span f 11 years. They fund that 51 percent f the participants had a “retinal age gap” - the difference between bilgical and chrnlgical age - f mre than 3 years, 28 percent had a gap f mre than 5 years and 4.5 percent had a gap f mre than 10 years. In ther wrds, these participants had “l(fā)der” eyes cmpared t their chrnlgical age.
Thse wh had larger age gaps had a 49-67 percent higher risk f death frm causes ther than cardivascular disease r cancer. With every ne year increase in the age gap, the risk f death increased by 2 percent fr any cause and 3 percent fr causes ther than cardivascular disease and cancer.
12．What can we knw abut the retina?
A. It causes serius diseases.
B. It indicates the risk f death.
C. It speeds pathlgical prcesses.
D. It imprves peple’s physical health.
13．Hw d researchers knw the retinal age?
A. By examining the nerve tissue.
B. By studying the human brain,
C. By checking the eyesight.
D. By analyzing fundus images.
14．What percentage f the participants had the largest retinal age gap?
A. 3.5%.B. 4.5%.C. 28%.D. 51%
15．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. A new study is cnducted n tiny vessels
B. Image technlgy is used t predict diseases
C. Eyes may reveal a persn’s bilgical age
D. A deep-leaning n the retina is necessary
二、七選五
16． The 24 slar terms were created thusands f years ag in China t guide agricultural prductin. They als reflect China’s rich histry thrugh the seasnal festivals, special fds, cultural ceremnies, family gatherings and even healthy living tips that crrespnd with each slar term. ①_________
Rain Water signals the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature. With its arrival, lively spring-like scenery starts blssming: the river water defreezes. wild geese mve frm suth t nrth and trees and grass tum green again.
②_________ In nrthern China, the spring drught is cmmn and the precipitatin f this seasn accunts fr nly 10 t 15 percent f annual average rainfall. At this time f year, farmers begin t plugh their fields. It’s the right time t prepare fr spring swing when the day gets warmer. ③_________
During Rain Water perid, extra care is needed t deal with a returning cld spell and humidity, which is the amunt f water in the air. ④_________ It is strngly advised nt t take ff the thick cats t early and t keep warm, especially the elderly and children.
The wet and humid weather during Rain Water perid is cnsidered harmful fr peple’s spleen and stmach accrding t Chinese medical practice. ⑤_________ Peple in Beijing ften eat prridge (粥) cked with a kind f Chinese herb medicine t resist cld and wet weather. Hney, dates and Chinese yam are als very gd nurishment (營(yíng)養(yǎng)) t put in the prridge
A.With Rain Water cming, insects becme mre active.
B.A bwl f nutritius prridge is the best chice t nurish the bdy.
C.Therefre, Rain Water is cnsidered as a key perid t water the fields.
D.Accrding t an ld Chinese saying, the rainfall in spring is as precius as il.
E.The temperature in mst f the basin areas increases quickly during Rain Water
F.One f the 24 slar terms, which is very imprtant in spring, is called Rain Water.
G.The fast increase in air humidity due t rainfall can result in lwer temperature and wet weather.
三、完形填空（15空）
Gvernments are keen n higher educatin, seeing it as a means t bst scial mbility and ecnmic grwth. Almst all subsidise tuitin — in America, t the tune f $200 billin a year. But they tend t verestimate the benefits and 1 the csts f expanding university educatin. As mre yung peple seek degrees, the returns bth t them and t gvernments are 2 .
Spending n universities is usually 3 by the “graduate premium” — the increase in earnings that graduates enjy ver nn-graduates. These individual gains, the thinking ges, 4 an ecnmic bst fr sciety as a whle. But the graduate premium is a faulty unit f calculatin. Part f the usefulness f a degree is that it gives a graduate jb-seeker an advantage 5 nn-graduates. It is als a signal t emplyers f general qualities, such as intelligence and diligence, that smene already has in rder t get int a university. Sme prfessins require qualificatins. But a degree is nt always the best 6 f the skills and knwledge needed fr a jb. With degrees s 7 , emplyers are using them as a way t screen applicants. Nn-graduates are thus increasingly 8 decent wrk.
In any case, the premium cunts nly the winners and nt the lsers. Acrss the rich wrld, a third f university students never graduate. It is the weakest students wh are drawn in as higher educatin 9 and wh are mst likely t drp ut. They pay fees and 10 earnings t study, but see little imprvement in their future incmes. When drputs are 11 , the expected financial return t starting a degree fr the weakest students shrinks t almst nthing. Many schl-leavers are being 12 abut the prbable value f university.
Gvernments need t ffer the yung a wider range f ptins after schl. They shuld start by rethinking their wn 13 practices. Schl-leavers shuld be given a wider variety f ways t gain vcatin skills and t demnstrate their 14 . If schl qualificatins were made mre difficult t get, emplyers wuld be mre likely t trust them as signals f ability, and less 15 degrees. “Micr-credentials” — shrt, wrk-fcused curses apprved by big emplyers in fast-grwing fields, such as IT — shw prmise.
17．A. calculateB. cverC. demnstrateD. ignre
18．A. truerB. fullerC. lwerD. earlier
19．A. supervisedB. increasedC. justifiedD. analysed
20．A. make up frB. add up tC. put up withD. stand up against
21．A. in terms fB. by means fC. at the expense fD. t the degree f
22．A. adjustmentB. extensinC. measureD. awareness
23．A. cmmnB. hardC. pssibleD. specific
24．A. driven intB. hidden frmC. taken up tD. lcked ut f
25．A. remainsB. expandsC. shrinksD. functins
26．A. adaptB. sacrificeC. withdrawD. relate
27．A. includedB. neglectedC. reducedD. surveyed
28．A. infrmedB. cnsultedC. misledD. misinterpreted
29．A. peratingB. hiringC. accuntingD. trading
30．A. emply-abilityB. availabilityC. sciabilityD. individuality
31．A. restricted tB. surprised atC. curius abutD. insistent n
四、短文填空
32．When I was 4, I wanted t g t Disney Wrld. Fr mst yung kids, it’s a nrmal request, but I wuld walk int Disney Wrld. I was brn three mnths premature, and because f this, I have cerebral palsy (腦癱). It is a cnditin① _________ desn’t allw me t walk n my wn. Even s, my dad and I had a detailed plan.
Over the next three years r s, I wrked with physical therapists, acquired a walker and practiced walking, standing and balancing—all skills that I wuld need t turn my gal② _________ a reality.
Then I went, walking s slwly at first, then gradually③ _________ (speed) up, cmfrted and encuraged by all my friends and family. I lst my balance, bumping int smething. Luckily, we④ _________ (practice)and planned fr this type f situatin in advance. Hlding fast nt the handlebars, I gathered up all f my six-year-ld strength, picked up my walker and straightened ut, picking up my pace nce again. It wasn’t t lng⑤ _________ cheers came because I had made it t the end, ⑥ _________ my mm was waiting with tears in her eyes and arms pen wide ready⑦ _________ (hug)her sn and tell him hw prud she was.
Lking back n that experience, I realize smething pretty⑧ _________ (essence). Every nce in a while, life will thrw a few⑨ _________ (bump)in the rad. Thugh it may set yu back fr a bit, dn’t let it stp yu. Pick yurself up after yu have fallen and g n walking. It’s wrth⑩ _________. Besides, there just might be smene cheering yu n alng the way.
五、書面表達(dá)
33．假定你是學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，當(dāng)前新冠狀病毒肆虐，請(qǐng)你圍繞“從小事做起共戰(zhàn)疫情”這一主題，給全校學(xué)生寫一封英文倡議書。
要點(diǎn)如下：
1.倡議的原因和目的；
2.倡議的具體內(nèi)容；
3.發(fā)出倡議。
注意；1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
Prpsal
Dear schlmate,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Unin
Feb. 14th. 2020
六、讀后續(xù)寫
34．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
One Saturday afternn, I was watching TV in the living rm with my grandpa when a blinding flash f lightning flashed acrss the sky, fllwed by a deafening sund, and the pictures n TV disappeared with that sund. Befre I realized what had happened, a gray-white shadw rushed in thrugh the pen windw and flew ver my head. Bang! It hit the wall and slid ff t the flr. Shaking with fear, I apprached it cautiusly and saw that it was a pigen. It lked at me in fear, trying t pen its wings and struggling its feet, but apparently pwerless.
S I called my grandpa and immediately set ut t give it a helping hand. Taking it in my hands, I felt a few drps f warmth n my hands. It was bld! I gently spread its wings and there were a few red feathers inside. "Dn't wrry. We'll get it ut alive," Grandpa said t me. Then he gt the first-aid kit. With sme cttn, we dried the bld, cleaned the wund and then put it under a hairdryer t dry. All went smthly, fr the pigen had n strength left t resist. There happened t be an empty birdcage at hme, s I put it in gently and added a little water and sme grains.
Fr the next few days, the mment I gt hme frm schl, I wuld run t feed the pigen. And Grandpa helped a lt, tidying up the cage daily. Little by little, its strength returned. One evening, I fed it with the biscuit I was eating. It enjyed it! One week later, its wund almst healed(痊愈); its feathers grew and it became brave. Whenever I sat at the table eating biscuits, it lked up at me, cing(咕咕地叫) cnstantly. T my jy, I culd als reach int the cage t tuch it. When I gently fingered its head, it playfully pecked(啄) at me. Finally it cmpletely recvered. But every time I was with it, it seemed restless in the cage. T make it happy and pretty, I tied an range string(線) arund its leg.
注意：
1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)的位置作答。
One day, hwever, when I returned hme, Grandpa met me at the dr, lking embarrassed.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sure enugh, I saw a pigen flying int the huse the next afternn!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
參考答案
1．答案：C
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Alng the way, we ended up creating ne f the mst hated tls in the advertiser’s tlkit: the pp-up ad(在這個(gè)過程中，我們最終創(chuàng)造了廣告商工具箱中最討厭的工具之一：彈出廣告)”以及最后一段中“Cmpanies saw his inventin as a way t save mney, ding away with individual ffices and replacing them with pen plans and cubicles.(公司把他的發(fā)明看作是一種省錢的方法，它廢除了個(gè)人辦公室，用開放式的隔間和小隔間取而代之)”可知，彈出式廣告和辦公隔間發(fā)明的初衷是對(duì)公司有利。故選C。
2．答案：A
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中““Had I knwn that the Germans wuld nt succeed in prducing an atmic bmb,” he said, “I wuld have never lifted a finger.”(“如果我知道德國(guó)人造不出原子彈，”他說，“我絕不會(huì)動(dòng)一根手指頭?！?”；第三段中“Alng the way, we ended up creating ne f the mst hated tls in the advertiser’s tlkit: the pp-up ad(在這個(gè)過程中，我們最終創(chuàng)造了廣告商工具箱中最討厭的工具之一：彈出廣告)”以及最后一段中““The cubiclizing f peple in mdem crpratins is extremely mad and stupid,” he said.(他說：“在現(xiàn)代公司里，把人關(guān)在格子間里是非常瘋狂和愚蠢的?！?”可知，這三項(xiàng)發(fā)明的共同點(diǎn)是他們的發(fā)明者對(duì)他們的發(fā)明感到后悔。故選A。
3．答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Mst f us have dreamed f being a great inventr t create smething great. Hwever, just because smene’s invented smething, it desn’t mean that they’re happy with the end result.(我們大多數(shù)人都?jí)粝氤蔀橐粋€(gè)偉大的發(fā)明家，創(chuàng)造出偉大的東西。然而，僅僅因?yàn)橛腥税l(fā)明了某樣?xùn)|西，并不意味著他們對(duì)最終結(jié)果感到滿意)”結(jié)合文章介紹的都是發(fā)明及發(fā)明背后的故事，可推知，文章可能選自雜志的“科技”部分。故選D。
4．答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“ they cleared up within an hur.”(但他們?cè)谝恍r(shí)內(nèi)就消去了。)和第三句“When Harry’s mther Lisa gt him t the dctr, there was nthing t see. ”(當(dāng)Harry的母親麗莎帶他去看醫(yī)生時(shí)，什么也看不見了。) 可推知，Harry身上的腫塊消失得很快，媽媽帶他去看醫(yī)生的時(shí)候已經(jīng)消了，無(wú)法診斷，所以一開始問題沒有得到解決。故選C項(xiàng)。
5．答案：B
解析：詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“ six mnths Harry was diagnsed with several fd allergies, which dctrs thught might have caused the bumps. But Harry cntinued t get the bumps even after shunning thse fds.”(...六個(gè)月大時(shí)，Harry被診斷出患有幾種食物過敏，醫(yī)生認(rèn)為這可能是導(dǎo)致腫塊的原因。但即使在shunning那些食物后，哈利還是會(huì)繼續(xù)感到不適。)可知，六個(gè)月的時(shí)候Harry 被診斷出幾種食物過敏，這可能導(dǎo)致了身上的腫塊。But表示轉(zhuǎn)折，所以此處指即使“避免”接觸這些食物，他身上還是會(huì)長(zhǎng)這些腫塊。故選B項(xiàng)。
6．答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第三句“Frm newbrn babies t the ld are likely t suffer frm it.”(從新生兒到老年人都可能遭受這種疾病。)可知，從新生兒到老年人都可能得蕁麻疹。故選A項(xiàng)。
7．答案：D
解析：主旨大意題。綜合文章內(nèi)容可知，作者主要是講述小男孩Harry 患蕁麻疹和尋醫(yī)救治的經(jīng)歷。所以D項(xiàng)A little by suffering frm a terrible skin allergy(一個(gè)患有嚴(yán)重皮膚過敏的小男孩)符合文意。故選D項(xiàng)。
8．答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。由第一段中的“Every term, ne (if nt mre) student tells me hw taking this curse has affected him/her: “I used t just read articles and believe what they said, but nw I find myself asking ‘Is this true? Hw d they knw? Is this a well designed study?’”(每學(xué)期，一名（如果不是更多的話）學(xué)生都會(huì)告訴我這門課程對(duì)他/她有何影響：“我過去只是讀文章，相信他們說的話，但現(xiàn)在我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在問‘這是真的嗎？他們?cè)趺粗赖?？這是一項(xiàng)精心設(shè)計(jì)的研究嗎？’)”和第三段中的“In rder t resist the distrtins with which we are cnstantly bmbed in the media, as well as be able t present a persuasive argument, we must be able t reasn well, and think and give a judgement carefully. (為了抵制媒體不斷用歪曲的事實(shí)轟炸我們，并且能夠提出一個(gè)有說服力的論點(diǎn)，我們必須能夠很好地推理，仔細(xì)地思考和作出判斷)”可知，第一段學(xué)生說的話表明，學(xué)生聽完老師的課，學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)所讀文章進(jìn)行反思，質(zhì)疑文章的真實(shí)性等，結(jié)合第三段作者建議人們仔細(xì)地思考再作出判斷，說明批判性思考正是作者想讓學(xué)生在她的課上學(xué)到的。故選A項(xiàng)。
9．答案：B
解析：推理判斷題。由第二段中的“By teaching ur yung men and wmen t read, we have left them at the mercy f the printed wrds. By the inventin f the film and the radi, we have made certain that n dislike fr reading shall prtect them frm the cnstant battery f wrds, wrds, wrds. They d nt knw what the wrds mean: they are victims t wrds in their emtins instead f being the masters f them in their intelligence.(通過教我們的年輕男女閱讀，我們讓他們聽任印刷文字的擺布。通過電影和收音機(jī)的發(fā)明，我們已經(jīng)確定，對(duì)閱讀的厭惡不會(huì)保護(hù)他們免受文字、文字、文字的不斷沖擊。他們不知道文字的含義：他們情感上是文字的受害者，而不是在智力上是文字的主人)”可知，Sayers認(rèn)為教育讓年輕男女聽任印刷文字的擺布，他們情感上是文字的受害者，在智力上未成為文字的主人，說明當(dāng)時(shí)的教育狀況是令人擔(dān)憂的。故選B項(xiàng)。
10．答案：D
解析：詞句猜測(cè)題。由第二段中的“By the inventin f the film and the radi, we have made certain that n dislike fr reading shall prtect them frm the cnstant battery f wrds, wrds, wrds. They d nt knw what the wrds mean: they are victims t wrds in their emtins instead f being the masters f them in their intelligence. (通過電影和收音機(jī)的發(fā)明，我們已經(jīng)確定，對(duì)閱讀的厭惡不會(huì)保護(hù)他們免受文字、文字、文字的不斷沖擊。他們不知道文字的含義：他們情感上是文字的受害者，而不是在智力上是文字的主人)”和第三段中的“In rder t resist the distrtins with which we are cnstantly bmbed in the media, as well as be able t present a persuasive argument, we must be able t reasn well, and think and give a judgement carefully. (為了抵制媒體不斷用distrtins轟炸我們，并且能夠提出一個(gè)有說服力的論點(diǎn)，我們必須能夠很好地推理，仔細(xì)地思考和作出判斷)”可知，在媒體信息下，不知道文字含義的人們?nèi)菀壮蔀槲淖值氖芎φ撸髡呓ㄗh人們仔細(xì)地思考再作出判斷，才能提出一個(gè)有說服力的論點(diǎn)，說明媒體給人們提供了“誤導(dǎo)性信息（Misleading infrmatin）”，因此人們需要批判性思考信息是對(duì)是錯(cuò)，distrtins意為“Misleading infrmatin”。故選D項(xiàng)。
11．答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。由第一段中的“Every term, ne (if nt mre) student tells me hw taking this curse has affected him/her: “I used t just read articles and believe what they said, but nw I find myself asking ‘Is this true? Hw d they knw? Is this a well designed study?’”(每學(xué)期，一名（如果不是更多的話）學(xué)生都會(huì)告訴我這門課程對(duì)他/她有何影響：“我過去只是讀文章，相信他們說的話，但現(xiàn)在我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在問‘這是真的嗎？他們?cè)趺粗赖?？這是一項(xiàng)精心設(shè)計(jì)的研究嗎？’)”和第三段中的“In rder t resist the distrtins with which we are cnstantly bmbed in the media, as well as be able t present a persuasive argument, we must be able t reasn well, and think and give a judgement carefully. (為了抵制媒體不斷用歪曲的事實(shí)轟炸我們，并且能夠提出一個(gè)有說服力的論點(diǎn)，我們必須能夠很好地推理，仔細(xì)地思考和作出判斷)”可知，第一段學(xué)生說的話表明，學(xué)生聽完老師的課，學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)所讀文章進(jìn)行反思，質(zhì)疑文章的真實(shí)性等，結(jié)合第三段作者建議人們仔細(xì)地思考再作出判斷，說明作者想讓學(xué)生在她的課上學(xué)到批判性思考，再結(jié)合最后一段中的“Hwever, by the end f the curse, they are excited abut their newly btained abilities. (然而，在課程結(jié)束時(shí)，他們對(duì)新獲得的能力感到興奮)”呼應(yīng)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，作者的寫作目的在于建議讀者掌握一項(xiàng)實(shí)用的技能——批判性思考。故選C項(xiàng)。
12．答案：B
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“The retina ffers a unique, accessible “windw” t evaluate underlying pathlgical (病理的) prcesses f sme serius diseases that are assciated with increased risks f death. （視網(wǎng)膜提供了一個(gè)獨(dú)特的、可訪問的‘窗口’來評(píng)估一些與死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加相關(guān)的嚴(yán)重疾病的潛在病理過程）”可知，視網(wǎng)膜可以暗示死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選B。
13．答案：D
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“In the new study, the researchers turned t a deep-learning technique that culd predict a persn’s risk f death by analyzing the bilgical age f the retina.（在這項(xiàng)新研究中，研究人員轉(zhuǎn)向了一種深度學(xué)習(xí)技術(shù)，該技術(shù)可以通過分析視網(wǎng)膜的生物年齡來預(yù)測(cè)一個(gè)人的死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）”和第三段的“Their deep-learning mdel, a type f machine learning and artificial intelligence that’s mdeled t learn similar t a human brain, analyzed mre than 80.000 images f fundus (眼底) （他們的深度學(xué)習(xí)模型是一種機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能的模型，其學(xué)習(xí)方式類似于人腦。該模型分析了超過80000張眼底圖像）”可知，研究人員通過分析眼底圖像來了解視網(wǎng)膜的年齡。故選D。
14．答案：B
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“They fund that 51 percent f the participants had a “retinal age gap” - the difference between bilgical and chrnlgical age - f mre than 3 years, 28 percent had a gap f mre than 5 years and 4.5 percent had a gap f mre than 10 years.（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，51%的參與者的“視網(wǎng)膜年齡差距”——生物年齡和時(shí)間年齡之間的差異——超過3年，28%的參與者的差距超過5年，4.5%的參與者的差距超過10年）”可知，視網(wǎng)膜年齡差最大的參與者占總參與者的4.5%。故選B。
15．答案：C
解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其第一段“By examining tiny vessels (血管) inside a persn’s eyes, dctrs might ne day be able t predict that persn’s risk f early death, accrding t a new study.（根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的研究，通過檢查一個(gè)人眼睛內(nèi)的微小血管，醫(yī)生也許有一天能夠預(yù)測(cè)這個(gè)人早死的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）”和第二段的“In the new study, the researchers turned t a deep-learning technique that culd predict a persn’s risk f death by analyzing the bilgical age f the retina.（在這項(xiàng)新研究中，研究人員轉(zhuǎn)向了一種深度學(xué)習(xí)技術(shù)，該技術(shù)可以通過分析視網(wǎng)膜的生物年齡來預(yù)測(cè)一個(gè)人的死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）”可知，本文主要介紹研究發(fā)現(xiàn)通過視網(wǎng)膜可以分析人的生理年齡進(jìn)而預(yù)測(cè)死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故C項(xiàng)“眼睛或許可以透露一個(gè)人的生理年齡”可以作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。
16．答案：①-⑤FDCGB
解析：①此小題前文在談二十四節(jié)氣,后文在談二十四節(jié)氣中的雨水,故需填入一個(gè)過渡句,F句意：24節(jié)氣中的一個(gè),叫做雨水,在春天非常重要。故此題選F。
②后文提到,在中國(guó)北方,春季干旱是普遍的,這個(gè)季節(jié)的降水只占10年平均降雨量的15%。說明春季的雨水特別寶貴,D句意：中國(guó)有句古話:春雨貴如油。故此題選D。
③前文說在中國(guó)北方,春季干旱是普遍的,這個(gè)季節(jié)的降水只占10年平均降雨量的15%。每年的這個(gè)時(shí)候,農(nóng)民們開始犁地。當(dāng)天氣變暖,這是正確的時(shí)間來準(zhǔn)備春播。說明春雨特別關(guān)鍵。C句意：因此,雨水被認(rèn)為是灌溉農(nóng)田的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期。故選C。
④前文提到,在“雨水”期間,需要特別注意處理再次出現(xiàn)的寒冷天氣和濕度,濕度是空氣中的水分。而后文又說,強(qiáng)烈建議不要過早脫下厚厚的外套,保暖,尤其是老人和兒童。故詞題需說明雨水期間的降溫,G句意：由于降雨,空氣濕度迅速增加,會(huì)導(dǎo)致氣溫下降和天氣潮濕。故選G。
⑤前文提到,中醫(yī)認(rèn)為,雨水期間的潮濕天氣對(duì)人的脾胃有害。后文說北京人吃粥,則粥可以滋補(bǔ)身體。B句意：一碗營(yíng)養(yǎng)粥是滋養(yǎng)身體的最佳選擇。故選B。
17．答案：D
解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但他們往往高估了擴(kuò)大大學(xué)教育的好處，而忽視了其成本。A. calculate計(jì)算；B. cver覆蓋；C. demnstrate示范；D. ignre忽視。根據(jù)上文“But they tend t verestimate the benefits and”指高估大學(xué)教育的好處，忽視了其成本。故選D。
18．答案：C
解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：追求學(xué)位的年輕人越來越多，學(xué)位的回報(bào)便隨之降低，對(duì)他們自己和政府來說都是如此。A. truer更真的；B. fuller更滿的；C. lwer更低的；D. earlier更早的。根據(jù)上文“As mre yung peple seek degrees, the returns bth t them and t gvernments are”以及上文提到學(xué)校和政府高估了擴(kuò)大大學(xué)教育的好處，而忽視了其成本，說明追求學(xué)位的年輕人越來越多，學(xué)位的回報(bào)便隨之降低，對(duì)他們自己和政府來說都是如此。故選C。
19．答案：C
解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在大學(xué)教育上花錢通常受到一個(gè)理由的支撐——“畢業(yè)生溢價(jià)”，即大學(xué)畢業(yè)生比非大學(xué)畢業(yè)生賺得多。A. supervised監(jiān)督；B. increased增加；C. justified證明；D. analysed分析。根據(jù)后文“by the “graduate premium” — the increase in earnings that graduates enjy ver nn-graduates”指花在大學(xué)上的錢通常是基于“畢業(yè)生溢價(jià)”——畢業(yè)生比非畢業(yè)生享有的收入增長(zhǎng)。be justified by表示“靠……支持，以……為依據(jù)”。故選C。
20．答案：B
解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這些個(gè)人所得累積起來對(duì)整個(gè)社會(huì)是一種經(jīng)濟(jì)推動(dòng)。A. make up fr補(bǔ)償；B. add up t合計(jì)達(dá)；C. put up with忍受；D. stand up against反對(duì)。根據(jù)后文“an ecnmic bst fr sciety as a whle”指?jìng)€(gè)人所得累積起來對(duì)整個(gè)社會(huì)是一種經(jīng)濟(jì)推動(dòng)。故選B。
21．答案：C
解析：考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：學(xué)位的部分用處在于，它以犧牲非大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的利益為代價(jià)，為畢業(yè)生提供了找工作的優(yōu)勢(shì)。A. in terms f根據(jù)；B. by means f依靠；C. at the expense f以……為代價(jià)；D. t the degree f到……的程度。根據(jù)上文“Part f the usefulness f a degree is that it gives a graduate jb-seeker an advantage”可知，學(xué)位以犧牲非大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的利益為代價(jià)，為畢業(yè)生提供了找工作的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選C。
22．答案：C
解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但學(xué)位并不總是衡量工作所需技能和知識(shí)的最佳尺度。A. adjustment調(diào)整；B. extensin延伸；C. measure測(cè)量；D. awareness意識(shí)。根據(jù)后文“f the skills and knwledge needed fr a jb”可知學(xué)位并不總是衡量工作所需技能和知識(shí)的最佳標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。故選C。
23．答案：A
解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于學(xué)位如此普遍，雇主們將其作為篩選求職者的一種方式。A. cmmn普遍的；B. hard努力的；C. pssible可能的；D. specific特別的。呼應(yīng)上文“As mre yung peple seek degrees”指學(xué)位變得普遍。故選A。
24．答案：D
解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：結(jié)果，非大學(xué)畢業(yè)生越來越多地被那些體面的工作拒之門外A. driven int分成；B. hidden frm隱藏；C. taken up t占用；D. lcked ut f無(wú)法獲得，關(guān)在外面。根據(jù)上文“emplyers are using them as a way t screen applicants. Nn-graduates are thus increasingly”可知，學(xué)位如此普遍，雇主們將其作為篩選求職者的一種方式，因此，非大學(xué)畢業(yè)生越來越多地被那些體面的工作拒之門外。故選D。
25．答案：B
解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著高等教育的擴(kuò)大，最弱的學(xué)生被吸引進(jìn)來，他們最有可能輟學(xué)。A. remains保持；B. expands擴(kuò)大；C. shrinks縮小；D. functins運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。呼應(yīng)第一段中“Gvernments are keen n higher educatin, seeing it as a means t bst scial mbility and ecnmic grwth.(政府熱衷于高等教育，將其視為促進(jìn)社會(huì)流動(dòng)性和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的一種手段)”指高等教育的擴(kuò)大，故選B。
26．答案：B
解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們支付學(xué)費(fèi)，犧牲收入來學(xué)習(xí)，但看不到未來收入的改善。A. adapt適應(yīng)；B. sacrifice犧牲；C. withdraw退出；D. relate聯(lián)系。根據(jù)上文“They pay fees ”以及后文“earnings t study”可知犧牲收入來學(xué)習(xí)。故選B。
27．答案：A
解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果算上輟學(xué)生，最差學(xué)生開始攻讀學(xué)位的預(yù)期經(jīng)濟(jì)回報(bào)幾乎為零。A. included包括；B. neglected忽視；C. reduced減少；D. surveyed調(diào)查。根據(jù)上文“When drputs are”指輟學(xué)學(xué)生被包括進(jìn)來，應(yīng)用include。故選A。
28．答案：C
解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：許多中學(xué)畢業(yè)生對(duì)大學(xué)可能的價(jià)值被誤導(dǎo)了。A. infrmed通知；B. cnsulted咨詢；C. misled誤導(dǎo)；D. misinterpreted誤解。結(jié)合上文“the expected financial return t starting a degree fr the weakest students shrinks t almst nthing(最差學(xué)生開始攻讀學(xué)位的預(yù)期經(jīng)濟(jì)回報(bào)幾乎為零)”可知，許多中學(xué)畢業(yè)生對(duì)大學(xué)可能的價(jià)值被誤導(dǎo)了。故選C。
29．答案：B
解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們應(yīng)該重新考慮自己的招聘做法。A. perating操作；B. hiring雇傭；C. accunting解釋；D. trading交易。根據(jù)后文“gain vcatin skills”可知，提供更多的課余選擇讓年輕人重新考慮自己的招聘做法。故選B。
30．答案：A
解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：應(yīng)該給畢業(yè)生提供更廣泛的途徑來獲得職業(yè)技能和展示他們的就業(yè)能力。A. emply-ability就業(yè)能力；B. availability可用性；C. sciability社交性；D. individuality個(gè)性。根據(jù)上文“gain vcatin skills and t demnstrate their”可知，給畢業(yè)生提供更廣泛的途徑來獲得職業(yè)技能和展示他們的就業(yè)能力。故選A。
31．答案：D
解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：如果學(xué)校資格證書更難獲得，雇主將更有可能將其視為能力的標(biāo)志，而不那么執(zhí)著于學(xué)位。A. restricted t限制；B. surprised at對(duì)……感到驚訝；C. curius abut好奇；D. insistent n堅(jiān)持，執(zhí)著。結(jié)合上文“emplyers wuld be mre likely t trust them as signals f ability”可知，如果學(xué)校資格證書更難獲得，雇主將更有可能將其視為能力的標(biāo)志，而不那么執(zhí)著于學(xué)位。故選D。
32．答案：①that/which②int③speeding④had practiced⑤befre⑥where⑦t hug⑧essential⑨bumps⑩it
解析：①考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：這種情況讓我不能獨(dú)自行走。句中“_____ desn’t allw me t walk n my wn”是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞cnditin，指物，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，可填that或which。故填that或which。
②考查介詞。句意：在接下來的三年左右的時(shí)間里，我配合理療師，學(xué)會(huì)了走路、站立和平衡，這些都是我實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)所需要的技能。固定短語(yǔ)turn sth. int reality意為“把……變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)”。根據(jù)句意“把我的目標(biāo)變成現(xiàn)實(shí)”。故填int。
③考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：然后我開始練習(xí)，一開始走得很慢，后來逐漸加快，我收到了所有朋友和家人的安慰和鼓勵(lì)。句中三個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞went, cmfrted, encuraged用連詞and連接，因此speed是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)。因“speed加速”和主語(yǔ)“I我”之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填speeding。
④考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，我們提前練習(xí)并且計(jì)劃過這種情況。根據(jù)前文“I lst my balance, bumping int smething. (我失去了平衡，撞到了什么東西。)”的時(shí)態(tài)可知，本句“this type f situatin”發(fā)生在過去，因此我們提前練習(xí)和計(jì)劃發(fā)生在“過去的過去”，應(yīng)該用過去完成時(shí)。故填had practiced。
⑤考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：沒過多久，歡呼聲響起，因?yàn)槲易叩搅私K點(diǎn)，我媽媽淚流滿面地在那里等著我，張開雙臂，準(zhǔn)備擁抱兒子，告訴他她有多驕傲?！癐t wasn’t lng befre+過去時(shí)”是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“不久以后就……，沒過多久就……”。根據(jù)句意，以及句中was和came可知，本句話符合此句型。故填befre。
⑥考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：沒過多久，歡呼聲響起，因?yàn)槲易叩搅私K點(diǎn)，我媽媽淚流滿面地在那里等著我，張開雙臂，準(zhǔn)備擁抱兒子，告訴他她有多驕傲。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句是定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞end表示“終點(diǎn)”，從句缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。故填where。
⑦考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：沒過多久，歡呼聲響起，因?yàn)槲易叩搅私K點(diǎn)，我媽媽淚流滿面地在那里等著我，張開雙臂，準(zhǔn)備擁抱兒子，告訴他她有多驕傲。分析句子可知，句中was waiting是where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，因此hug應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意“媽媽淚流滿面，張開雙臂”是為了擁抱兒子，因此用不定式做狀語(yǔ)表目的。故填t hug。
⑧考查形容詞。句意：回顧那段經(jīng)歷，我意識(shí)到一些非常重要的事情。根據(jù)不定代詞的用法：形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)放在不定代詞后，以及句意可知，此空應(yīng)填形容詞，修飾smething。故填essential。
⑨考查名詞。句意：每隔一段時(shí)間，生活就會(huì)在路上設(shè)置一些坎坷。bump是可數(shù)名詞，意為“隆起，突起”。根據(jù)空前“a few”也可得知，此處應(yīng)填可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填bumps。
⑩考查代詞。句意：這是值得的。固定句型be wrth it，意為“很值得”。故填it。
33．答案：Dear schlmate,
Over the past mnth, the nvel crnavirus has made its way arund China. It has a strng impact n ur study and life. In rder t ease the serius cnditin, we all the students had better d as fllws:
First f all, stay at hme and dn't g ut unless necessary, which is beneficial t yurself and thers. In additin, d wear prtective masks utdrs and wash hands as ften as pssible. Last but nt least, everyne ught t have a psitive attitude t the campaign against the disease. Only in this way will we get thrugh the darkest time.
Let's take actin quickly. We have cnfidence that we will win the fight sn.
The Students’ Unin
Feb. 14th. 2020
解析：1.倡議的原因和目的；2.倡議的具體內(nèi)容；3.發(fā)出倡議。
第2步：根據(jù)寫作要求，確定關(guān)鍵詞（組）：have a strng impact n (巨大影響)；ease the serius cnditin (緩解疫情)；had better d (最好做某事)；as ften as pssible(盡可能經(jīng)常地)等。
第3步：根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進(jìn)行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)問題。此處文章主要應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
第4步：連句成文，注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過渡，書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰，保持整潔美觀的卷面是非常重要的。
34．答案：
One day, hwever, when I returned hme, Grandpa met me at the dr, lking embarrassed. I asked him what had happened. He turned arund and pinted t the birdcage, aplgizing t me that the pigen slid ut when he was tidying up the cage and flew away thrugh the pen windw. Gne! I culdn't believe my ears. I rushed ver t the birdcage. Just empty! I stared at the remaining water and grains, tears streaming dwn my cheeks. "Where has it gne? Will it be hurt again? Will it cme back? ..." I asked Grandpa, sbbing. "It will fly back!" he cnvinced me, wiping away my tears gently.
Sure enugh, I saw a pigen flying int the huse the next afternn! It perched near the birdcage, cing. Despite great excitement, I apprached it quietly. It was gray-white and had an range string tied t ne leg. My pigen came back! "It must be hungry," Grandpa grinned. Immediately, I fed it with grains and then tipted t the windw and clsed it, urging Grandpa t cage it. But he didn't. "Pigens need freedm," he explained t me patiently. I was hesitant but lking at the pigen wandering and pecking at the grains peacefully, I realized Grandpa was right! I turned back t the windw and pened it.
解析：本文以鴿子為線索展開，講述了作者在爺爺?shù)膸椭戮戎瘟艘恢皇軅镍澴?，在作者的精心照料下，鴿子漸漸恢復(fù)。有一天鴿子飛走了，引起作者的傷心。第二天，鴿子好像不忘救命之恩，又飛回家中。在爺爺?shù)慕逃?，作者意識(shí)到鳥兒的快樂是要自由飛翔，果斷地放飛鴿子的故事。
1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容"然而，有一天，當(dāng)我回到家，爺爺在門口迎接我，看起來很尷尬。"可知，第一段可描寫鴿子飛走了，作者的無(wú)限傷心，爺爺?shù)臉O力安慰。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容"果然，第二天下午我看見一只鴿子飛進(jìn)了房子！"可知，第二段可描寫作者重新見到鴿子的喜悅，以及作者新的認(rèn)識(shí)，放飛鴿子。
2.續(xù)寫線索：難過哭泣—傷心—(爺爺)道歉安慰—喜悅照顧鴿子—明理—放飛
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①哭泣：cry/weep/ tears streaming dwn my cheeks
②道歉：say srry t/aplgize t
③照顧：lk after/take gd care f
情緒類
①.傷心：feel sad/get upset
②.喜悅：feel excited/get delighted
[高分句型1]. He turned arund and pinted t the birdcage, aplgizing t me that the pigen slid ut when he was tidying up the cage and flew away thrugh the pen windw.(非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞aplgize現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ))
[高分句型2]. I stared at the remaining water and grains, tears streaming dwn my cheeks.(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))

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