一、閱讀理解
The fllwing 4 famus paintings — frm Jan van Eyck's prtrait t Pabl Picass's masterpiece — have std the test f time.
The Amlfini Prtrait
Jan van Eyck’s Amlfini Prtrait, an il painting n wd prduced in 1434, in which a man and a wman hld hands with a windw behind him and a bed behind her, is undubtedly ne f the masterpieces in the Natinal Gallery, Lndn. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is als an infrmative dcument n fifteenth-century sciety, thrugh van Eyck's heavy use f symblism — while husbands went ut t engage in business, wives cncerned themselves with dmestic duties.
The Starry Night
Vincent van Ggh painted The Starry Night, il n canvas (帆布), a mderately abstract landscape painting f an expressive night sky ver a small hillside village, during his 12-mnth stay at the mental hspital near Saint–Remy-de-Prvence, France between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum f Mdern Art in New Yrk City purchased the painting frm a private cllectr in 1941, it was nt well knwn, but it has since becme ne f van Ggh's mst famus wrks.
The Harvesters
The Harvesters is an il painting n wd cmpleted by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which mst cmmnly ccurred within the mnths f August and September. Niclaes Jnghelinck, a merchant banker and art cllectr frm Antwerp, cmmissined this painting. The painting has been at the Metrplitan Museum f Art in New Yrk City since 1919.
Guernica
Guernica, a large black-and-white il painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pabl Picass in 1937. The title 'Guernica' refers t the city that was bmbed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the hrrrs f war and as a result, has cme t be an anti-war symbl and a reminder f the tragedies f war. Tday, the painting is hused at the Muse Nacinal Centr de Arte Reina Sfia in Madrid.
1．Which f the fllwing paintings was prduced earliest?
A. Guernica.B. The Harvesters.
C. The Starry Night.D. The Amlfini Prtrait.
2．Wh created the painting describing the harvest seasns?
A. Pieter Bruegel the Elder.B. Vincent van Ggh.
C. Jan van Eyck.D. Pabl Picass.
3．What d we knw abut the paintingThe Starry Night?
A. It was painted n wd in ils.
B. It was dnated by a private cllectr.
C. It wasn't widely recgnized befre 1941.
D. It was given away t the museum by a cllectr.
After 18 years f devtin t rhythmic gymnastics, Fanni Pigniczki claimed the gld medal n the internatinal stage. The 23-year-ld Hungarian tpped the pdium (領(lǐng)獎(jiǎng)臺(tái)) nt just nce but twice!
In a remarkable display f skill and determinatin, she secured victries in bth the individual all-arund and Ball at Chengdu Sprt University Gymnasium. “It was an amazing feeling t see the Hungarian flag rising up,” Pigniczki said after the medal ceremny. At the Chengdu games, Hungary has secured three gld medals, with Pigniczki, the cuntry’s nly rhythmic gymnast then, respnsible fr tw f thse. But it was nt withut a sense f regret — her errrs in the cncluding pse denied her a medal in anther rund. Pigniczki vwed t learn frm that setback. “I need t imprve my stability in the cming training.” she said.
Actually, this psitive attitude shuld be credited t her psychlgy backgrund at Karli Gaspar University in Budapest. This majr benefits her athletic pursuits, helping her t better manage her emtins. “I have learned t stay calmer and think less during cmpetitin. I have als learned that I need t relax and cncentrate n the ‘nw’ f cmpetitin,” added Pigniczki.
“When I was a kid, I tried all kinds f activities like swimming, basketball, and ballet. Seeing the sparking utfit, I fell in lve with rhythmic gymnastics instantly. But what truly attracts me is the feeling f readiness in the sprt, as I culd always imprve mre.” she said. It is this feeling that has mtivated her t set numerus recrds fr Hungarian rhythmic gymnastics. Her utstanding perfrmances at the 2021 Eurpean champinships earned her a spt at the delayed Tky Olympics. Pigniczki became the first Hungarian rhythmic gymnast t grace the Olympic stage since Viktria Frater at the Sydney 2000 Games. At the Olympics, she finished 20th in the qualificatin rund fr the individual all-arund. Last year, she cntinued t make histry by becming the first Hungarian t claim a Wrld Cup medal in rhythmic gymnastics.
Her rle in inspiring the next generatin f gymnasts was recgnized in May when she was hnred with the Smart Scring Shting Star award.
4．What was Pigniczki’s ntatin twards her errrs in cmpetitin?
A. She lked dwn upn them directly.
B. She had strng sense f regret fr them.
C. She prmised never t make them again.
D. She analyzed them with stable emtin.
5．What attracts Pigniczki mst in rhythmic gymnastics accrding t paragraph 4?
A. The gld medals she wn fr her cuntry.
B. The pprtunities t perfrm at Olympics.
C. The feeling f making imprvement cnstantly.
D. The attractive utfit she saw fr the first time.
6．Which wrd best describes this Hungarian rhythmic gymnast?
A. Mtivated.B. Respnsible.C. Dminated.D. Predictable
7．What message des the authr seem t cnvey in the text?
A. Pride ges befre a fall.
B. Care and diligence bring luck.
C. The pwer f example is endless.
D. All the rads lead t Rme.
Whether explring distant universe r dashing abut a fantasy wrld, virtual reality has immersed humans in extrardinary places. Nw, it seems, mice will be able t jin us.
Researchers have develped a pair f virtual reality “gggles” that can bring the mice int varius situatins, frm navigating mazes (導(dǎo)航迷宮) t experiencing the threat f natural enemies.
With a pair f lenses (鏡片) and screens munted n stands either side f a muse’s head, the recently updated versin f “gggles” prvides each eye f mice with a 180-degreefield f view. The researchers placed the animals n a treadmill (跑步機(jī)) in frnt f a large screen displaying a digital scene, with their heads fixed t mnitr the brain activities. This nt nly allws mice t see the virtual envirnment in 3D and gets rid f visual clues f the lab, but ffers a way t present virtual images frm abve —fr example, f a hvering hawk. This stimulatin causes mice t freeze r flee the same as they react in real envirnment t survive a hungry bird attack in the wild. When the mice frze, activity frm neurns (神經(jīng)元) in their brains invlved in navigatin suggested they were in a different lcatin frm where they actually were. “It was as if they were thinking abut where they wuld rather be — a safe, cvered lcatin up ahead.” Dmbeck said, adding such results might help explain hw imaginatin arises in the brain.
The team are als wrking t identify neurns invlved in frming memries when mice navigate a maze, as well as which cnnectins between them are imprved t frm memries. Answering these questins will help us understand hw ur brains knw where we are in the wrld arund us, hw we frm memries f thse experiences, and ultimately hw thse memries are degraded in neurdegenerative diseases.
8．What might the mice see and d wearing “gggles”？
A. It will always see a hawk in the fields.
B. It will enjy an amazing 3D fictin mvie.
C. It will ntice the surrundings in the lab.
D. It will detect virtual dangers frm abve.
9．What des the underlined wrd “munted” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Be attached.B. Be displayed.C. Be cllected.D. Be hatched.
10．What d research intend t achieve eventually thrugh this research?
A. T teach mice hw t face the virtual reality by itself.
B. T study hw imaginatin arises smthly in the brain.
C. T remind mice hw t escape frm appraching dangers.
D. T explre hw memries are degraded in neurn diseases.
11．Which is the mst suitable title fr the text?
A. Mice take pleasure in the virtual reality.
B. Gggles n mice benefit brain research.
C. Gggles play a key rle in the research.
D. VR helps mice navigate mazes successfully.
Ever wndered why yur partner is up with the lark (百靈鳥) while yu are happily sleeping till nn? It culd be thanks t Neanderthal genes, accrding t a new study.
Scientists cmparing ancient DNA with the genetics f mdern humans discvered a “striking trend”, said Jhn Capra, an epidemilgist (流行病學(xué)家) at the University f Califrnia in San Francisc. The researchers fund that the Neanderthal genes that remain affect the bdy clck —increasing tendency t be a mrning persn.
Neanderthals lived at higher latitudes (緯度) than ur ancestrs wh migrated frm Africa — further away frm the equatr, with the days lnger in summer and shrter in winter. “The gene that makes peple early risers likely enables mre rapid alignment (協(xié)調(diào)一致) f the circadian clck (生物鐘) with changing seasnal light patterns,” Dr Capra said, “when Neanderthals were able t make the mst f daylight hurs t hunt.”
Scientists have previusly explred hw the circadian rhythms f insects, plants, and fish have develped depending n latitude. But that hasn’t been well studied in humans. There searchers wanted t see whether there was a genetic reasn fr differences in circadian rhythms between Neanderthals and mdern peple, and fund 16 variants (變異體) assciated with greater “mrningness”. They suspected that as Neanderthals and the ancestrs f mdern humans mated, peple tday culd have fllwed Neanderthal “circadian variants”.
T test this, scientists analyse the genetics f several hundred thusand peple frm the UK Bibank and fund many f the variants that affect sleep preference. “Mst nticeably, they fund that these variants increase mrningness,” the researchers said. This is cnsistent with what has been fund in ther animals that have adapted t living at a high latitude, as Neanderthals did.
12．Why des the authr mentin “yur partner is up with the lark” in paragraph 1?
A. T intrduce the fllwing cntext.
B. T cmpare tw mrning life styles.
C. T praise thse wh get up early.
D. T express gratitude t Neanderthals.
13．What is the rt fr Neanderthals’ mrningness accrding t paragraph 3?
A. The capability f hunting animals.
B. The genes frm African ancestrs.
C. The envirnment at higher latitudes.
D. The daylight hurs arund their habitats.
14．What can be inferred in paragraph 4?
A. Mrningness in human is unlike that in plants.
B. Insects’ circadian rhythms are impacted by latitude.
C. Scientists have previusly studied the genes f animals.
D. The genes f Neanderthals is the nly reasn fr mrningness.
15．Hw did researchers prve their suspectin?
A. By analyzing statistics f the subjects.
B. By bserving peple’s sleeping habits.
C. By interviewing participants in the experiment.
D. By cmparing sleep preference amng human and animals.
二、七選五
16．Lw and n mtivatin can be a sign f a serius prblem like depressin r anxiety. Are yu experiencing lng-term anxiety? Everything yu need t d can leave yu t feel scary and hard because yu are cnstantly thinking f what culd g wrng. ① _________ Especially, nw! The fllwing tips can be yur slutin.
Dn’t “eat the frg.”
The idea f eating the frg refers t ding the task yu are least mtivated t d first. Ask yurself, “② _________” Fr example, if yu’d like t g fr a run but yu can’t get yurself t d that, then ging fr a walk is better than staying in bed. But if yu’re feeling lw, trying t d yur hardest task first can lead t yu nt getting ut f bed.
③ _________
Plan t wrk n a high-pririty task fr 90 minutes, then take a break. Wuld yu like t take a walk r lie ut in the sun? Wuld yu like t brwse swimsuits fr a vacatin yu have cming up? ④ _________ If yu wait t chse what yu will d fr yur break until yu are already exhausted frm a perid f fcused wrk, yu may nt make a very satisfying chice. When yu chse in advance, yu are likely t make a mre rewarding chice.
Fuel yurself
Understand hw fuel influences yur persnal cncentratin, fcus, and mtivatin. Test ut what wrks fr yu. Fr example, try eating a high-prtein ygurt and see if that gives yu the little bst yu need. ⑤ _________ Small imprvements can be hard t ntice if yu are nt paying clse attentin. Cnsider structured self-experimentatin like trying a strategy every day fr a week, then n days fr a week, and cmparing.
A. Plan yur reward.
B. Yu are nt alne.
C. Wuld yu like t message a friend?
D. D a few minutes f quick but satisfying tasks.
E. Planning and chsing take enrmus mental energy.
F. Physical bsts may have meaningful but small effects.
G. What’s the mst prductive task that is within my capacity right nw?
三、完形填空（15空）
A New Yrk mther and daughter have earned their cllege degrees tgether n the same day, carrying ut a 1 dream fr bth f them.
With her tddler in tw, Tanisha Wiggins, 36, walked acrss the stage alngside her mther, Barbara Wiggins, 58, at their cllege, Onndaga Cmmunity Cllege in New Yrk. They were bth awarded 2 in human services.
Tanisha drpped ut f cllege in 2007, 3 frm depressin. Years later after receiving 4 health care, she was n her feet again. In 2021, Tanisha and her mther were 5 t cllege tgether. It was her mther’s 6 and the desire t set a gd example fr her children that helped her 7 the finish line. “We are finally here,” Tanisha hugged her mther, with tears f 8 springing up in the eyes. “Yes, hney!” Barbara replied in a 9 vice, “We made it!”
“My mm prved everyne 10 that thught she wuldn’t be able t d it. She really gt thrugh it at her age. Nw with tutring and 1 , she went every single day and never stpped. It didn’t 12 what the weather was, she went.” she tld ABC(American Bradcasting Cmpany).
Barbara was wrking as a dula(產(chǎn)婦陪護(hù)) befre enrlling in cllege, and 13 her General Educatinal Develpment(CED). “Althugh the experience was 14 , blessed. I cnvince effrts always 15 .” Barbara summed up in her graduatin speech.
17．A. lifelngB. lvelyC. everlastingD. rmantic
18．A. degreesB. curseC. schlarshipD. prize
19．A. survivingB. infectingC. fallingD. suffering
20．A. physicalB. emtinalC. mentalD. intellectual
21．A. discveredB. admittedC. nticedD. cmmitted
22．A. attentinB. pwerC. supprtD. permissin
23．A. pushB. cutC. reachD. crss
24．A. effrtB. happinessC. curageD. regretfulness
25．A. lwB. strngC. firmD. weak
26．A. uneasyB. reasnableC. rightD. wrng
27．A. everythingB. smethingC. anythingD. nthing
28．A. cuntB. matterC. challengeD. mean
29．A. deniedB. acceptedC. cmpletedD. failed
30．A. stressfulB. nrmalC. specialD. ppular
31．A. put ffB. pay ffC. get ffD. carry ff
四、短文填空
32．Hiking the Lngji Rice Terraces (梯田) in suthern China is smething I wuld recmmend fr everyne t add t their bucket list. The name① _________ (literal) means “Dragn’s Backbne” due t the fact that the rice terraces lk just like a dragn’s scales, while the muntain’s summit ② _________ (bear) a likeness t the backbne.
During my visit t Guilin, I decided t set ut n a three-day hike thrugh the famus Lngji Rice Terraces. Knwn as the “Dragn’s Backbne”, the terraces were ③ _________incredible sight as they stretched acrss the green hills in cmplicated patterns lking like ripples f water.
The hike ④ _________ (take) me thrugh small villages set against the beautiful landscape. Lcal farmers were busy tending t the terraced rice fields that had been farmed fr ver 1,000 years. Alng the paths, I passed range grves and met friendly lcals ⑤ _________ ffered me fresh lychee.
At night, I stayed in simple hme stays run by farming families. Over multi-curse meals⑥ _________ (feature) lcal specialties like sticky rice, I learned ⑦ _________ (much) abut the terraces and village life. The feeling f cmmunity spirit and cnnectin t the natural envirnment was unique.
Reaching the hike’s end after three full days, I felt a prfund⑧ _________ (appreciate) fr these ancient agricultural wnders carefully built int the landscape⑨ _________ generatins f families. The Dragn’s Backbne terraces prvided me with unfrgettable muntain views⑩ _________ cultural insights int rural China.
五、書面表達(dá)
33．你校的校報(bào)欄目T My Dear Schl正在面向全校高中畢業(yè)生征集畢業(yè)感言。請你寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 回顧在校的生活和收獲；
2. 表達(dá)感激與不舍；
3. 獻(xiàn)上祝福。
注意：1. 詞數(shù)80左右；
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
T My Dear Schl
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六、讀后續(xù)寫
34．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Jack was a bright and curius child, always eager t learn new things and explre the mysterius wrld abut science. Hwever, he ften fund himself in disagreement with his mther. His mther was always busy with her wrk and she didn’t have enugh time t learn abut his interests and passins.
One day, Jack came hme frm schl feeling particularly excited. He just fund a sci-fi bk abut an adventure n the mn. Upn arriving at hme, he culdn’t tear himself away frm the bk. He read and read until it was dark. Having finished reading it, he culdn’t wait t share it with his mther, nly t be tld that he shuld fcus n mre practical subjects like math and histry, which wuld help him get int a gd cllege and have a successful career.
Jack culdn’t understand why his mther didn’t see the value in what he was ding. He felt that she was hlding him back and nt allwing him t pursue his true interests. “Why can’t yu see hw imprtant this is t me?” Jack asked his mther angrily. “I’m never ging t be happy if I have t spend my life ding things that I shw n interest in just because they are practical r make yu prud.”
The nce peaceful hme was filled with tensin and anger. His mther’s vice grew luder as she shuted, “Yu can’t just d whatever yu want! Yu shuld be respnsible fr yur future!” Jack, fueled by his wn frustratin, sht back, “I am tired f yu always telling me what t d! I am nt a child anymre! Yu nly care abut yur wn feeling! Yu never thught abut my feeling!” They were s caught up in their wn anger and hurt that they failed t see hw their wrds and actins were affecting each ther.
注意：
1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Jack rushed int his bedrm and lcked the dr heavily.
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When Jack heard his mther’s wrds, regretful tears rlled dwn his face.
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參考答案
1．答案：D
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段The Amlfini Prtrait中的Jan van Eyck’s Amlfini Prtrait, an il painting n wd prduced in 1434第三段The Starry Night中的during his 12-mnth stay at the mental hspital near Saint-Remy-de-Prvence, France between 1889 and 1890.第四段The Harvesters中的The Harvesters is an il painting n wd cmpleted by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.和第五段Guernica中的Guernica, a large black-and-white il painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pabl Picass in 1937.由此可知，The Amlfini Prtrait是最早創(chuàng)作的畫。故選D。
2．答案：A
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Harvesters中的The Harvesters is an il painting n wd cmpleted by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.“《收獲者》是一幅木刻油畫，由Pieter Bruegel the Elder于1565年完成。”可知，Pieter Bruegel the Elder畫了這幅描繪豐收季節(jié)的畫。故選A。
3．答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)The Starry Night中的When the Museum f Mdem Art in New Yrk City purchased the painting frm a private cllectr in 1941, it was nt well knwn, but it has since becme ne f van Ggh's mst famus wrks.“1941年，當(dāng)紐約現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館從一位私人收藏家手中買下這幅畫時(shí)，它并不為人所知，但后來卻成了梵高最著名的作品之一?！笨芍琓he Starry Night在1941年之前沒有被廣泛認(rèn)可。故選C。
4．答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“But it was nt withut a sense f regret—her errrs in the cncluding pse denied her a medal in anther rund. Pigniczki vwed t learn frm that setback. ‘I need t imprve my stability in the cming training.’ she said.(但也不無遺憾——她在最后一個(gè)姿勢上的失誤使她在另一輪比賽中失去了獎(jiǎng)牌。Pigniczki發(fā)誓要從這次挫折中吸取教訓(xùn)。‘我需要在接下來的訓(xùn)練中提高我的穩(wěn)定性。’她說。)”和第三段中的“This majr benefits her athletic pursuits, helping her t better manage her emtins.(這個(gè)專業(yè)有利于她的運(yùn)動(dòng)追求，幫助她更好地控制自己的情緒。)”可推知，對于她在比賽中的失誤，她會(huì)情緒穩(wěn)定地分析錯(cuò)誤的原因，并在接下來有針對性地改進(jìn)。故選D。
5．答案：C
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“But what truly attracts me is the feeling f readiness in the sprt, as I culd always imprve mre.(但真正吸引我的是在這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)中的準(zhǔn)備感，因?yàn)槲铱偸强梢赃M(jìn)步得更多。)”可知，藝術(shù)體操運(yùn)動(dòng)最吸引她的是她在體操運(yùn)動(dòng)中能夠總是進(jìn)步很多，讓她有準(zhǔn)備感。故選C。
6．答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“It is this feeling that has mtivated her t set numerus recrds fr Hungarian rhythmic gymnastics.(正是這種感覺促使她創(chuàng)造了匈牙利藝術(shù)體操的多項(xiàng)紀(jì)錄。)”可推知，她是一個(gè)很有動(dòng)力的人，不斷前進(jìn)，在匈牙利藝術(shù)體操上創(chuàng)造了多項(xiàng)紀(jì)錄。故選A。
7．答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Her rle in inspiring the next generatin f gymnasts was recgnized in May when she was hnred with the Smart Scring Shting Star award.(她在激勵(lì)下一代體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員方面所起的作用在5月份獲得了表彰，她被授予‘聰明得分射擊明星獎(jiǎng)’。)”可知，她對下一代體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員有很大的激勵(lì)作用，因此獲得了表彰，由此可推測出，榜樣的力量是無窮的。故選C。
8．答案：D
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“This nt nly allws mice t see the virtual envirnment in 3D and gets rid f visual clues f the lab, but ffers a way t present virtual images frm abve —fr example, f a hvering hawk. This stimulatin causes mice t freeze r flee the same as they react in real envirnment t survive a hungry bird attack in the wild.(這不僅可以讓老鼠看到3D的虛擬環(huán)境，擺脫實(shí)驗(yàn)室的視覺線索，而且還提供了一種從上面呈現(xiàn)虛擬圖像的方法——例如，一只盤旋的鷹。這種刺激會(huì)使老鼠呆住或逃跑，就像它們在野外遇到饑餓的鳥襲擊時(shí)的反應(yīng)一樣)”可知，戴著“護(hù)目鏡”的老鼠將從上面探測到虛擬的危險(xiǎn)。故選D。
9．答案：A
解析：詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“n stands either side f a muse’s head, the recently updated versin f “gggles” prvides each eye f mice with a 180-degreefield f view”可知，老鼠頭部兩側(cè)的支架上安裝有一對透鏡和屏幕，最近更新的“護(hù)目鏡”為老鼠的每只眼睛提供了180度的視野。故劃線詞意思是“安裝”，故選A。
10．答案：D
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Answering these questins will help us understand hw ur brains knw where we are in the wrld arund us, hw we frm memries f thse experiences, and ultimately hw thse memries are degraded in neurdegenerative diseases. (回答這些問題將幫助我們了解大腦如何知道我們在周圍世界中的位置，我們?nèi)绾涡纬蛇@些經(jīng)歷的記憶，以及最終這些記憶如何在神經(jīng)退行性疾病中退化)”可知，通過這項(xiàng)研究，研究最終想要探索神經(jīng)元疾病中記憶是如何退化的。故選D。
11．答案：B
解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段““It was as if they were thinking abut where they wuld rather be —a safe, cvered lcatin up ahead.” Dmbeck said, adding such results might help explain hw imaginatin arises in the brain.(“就好像他們在考慮他們更愿意待在哪里——一個(gè)安全的、有掩護(hù)的地方。”他補(bǔ)充說，這些結(jié)果可能有助于解釋想象力是如何在大腦中產(chǎn)生的)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)給老鼠戴上護(hù)目鏡，來研究大腦活動(dòng)的研究，解釋了研究開展的過程以及發(fā)現(xiàn)?？芍?，B選項(xiàng)“給老鼠戴上護(hù)目鏡有利于大腦研究”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。
12．答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ever wndered why yur partner is up with the lark (百靈鳥)while yu are happily sleeping till nn?It culd be thanks t Neanderthal genes ,accrding t a new study.(你有沒有想過，為什么你的伴侶起得很早，而你卻在快樂地睡到中午？根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的研究，這可能要?dú)w功于尼安德特人的基因)”可知，while表示對比，后面說到你睡到中午，你的伴侶不同，所以，作者提到“你的伴侶起得很早”是為了介紹下面的研究背景。故選A。
13．答案：D
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Neanderthals lived at higher latitudes (緯度) than ur ancestrs wh migrated frm Africa — further away frm the equatr,with the days lnger in summer and shrter in winter. ‘The gene that makes peple early risers likely enables mre rapid alignment (協(xié)調(diào)一致) f the circadian clck (生物鐘) with changing seasnal light patterns,’ Dr Capra said, ‘when Neanderthals were able t make the mst f daylight hurs t hunt.’(尼安德特人生活在比我們從非洲遷徙而來的祖先更高的緯度——遠(yuǎn)離赤道，夏季白晝更長，冬季白晝更短?？ㄆ绽┦空f：“使人們早起的基因可能使生物鐘與季節(jié)光照模式的變化更迅速地保持一致，因?yàn)槟岚驳绿厝四軌虺浞掷冒滋斓臅r(shí)間打獵。”)”可知，尼安德特人早起是為了充分利用白天的時(shí)間打獵。由此可知，尼安德特人早起的根源是他們棲息地周圍的白天時(shí)間。故選D。
14．答案：B
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Scientists have previusly explred hw the circadian rhythms f insects,plants,and fish have develped depending n latitude.(科學(xué)家們此前已經(jīng)探索了昆蟲、植物和魚類的晝夜節(jié)律是如何隨著緯度的變化而發(fā)展的)”可知，昆蟲的晝夜節(jié)律受到緯度的影響。故選B。
15．答案：A
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“T test this,scientists analyse the genetics f several hundred thusand peple frm the UK Bibank and fund many f the variants that affect sleep preference. “Mst nticeably, they fund that these variants increase mrningness,” the researchers said.This is cnsistent with what has been fund in ther animals that have adapted t living at a high latitude,as Neanderthals did.(為了驗(yàn)證這一點(diǎn)，科學(xué)家們分析了英國生物銀行幾十萬人的基因，發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多影響睡眠偏好的變異。研究人員說：“最值得注意的是，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這些變異增加了早起的習(xí)慣。”這與其他適應(yīng)高緯度生活的動(dòng)物的發(fā)現(xiàn)是一致的，比如尼安德特人)”可知，研究人員通過分析受試者的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)證明他們的懷疑。故選A。
16．答案：①-⑤BGAEF
解析：①上文“Lw and n mtivatin can be a sign f a serius prblem like depressin r anxiety. (缺乏動(dòng)力可能是抑郁或焦慮等嚴(yán)重問題的征兆。)”說明缺乏動(dòng)力可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致抑郁和焦慮，B項(xiàng)“你并不孤單”符合語境，說明很多人會(huì)出現(xiàn)這些狀況，你并不孤單，承接下文“Especially, nw! The fllwing tips can be yur slutin.(特別是，現(xiàn)在！下面的建議可以是你的解決方案。)”引出下文關(guān)于解決動(dòng)力缺乏問題的建議，故選B。
②上文“The idea f eating the frg refers t ding the task yu are least mtivated t d first.( “吃青蛙”指的是先做你最沒有動(dòng)力去做的事情。)”說到先做最困難的事情，下文“Fr example, if yu’d like t g fr a run but yu can’t get yurself t d that, then ging fr a walk is better than staying in bed.( 例如，如果你想去跑步，但你做不到，那么散步比躺在床上更好。)”舉例說明做不到最困難的事情的情況下怎么做，G項(xiàng)“目前在我的能力范圍內(nèi)最有成效的任務(wù)是什么？”符合語境，與下文的舉例相符，且承接上文“Ask yurself”說明空處是一個(gè)問題。故選G。
③空處是該部分的小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)下文“Plan t wrk n a high-pririty task fr 90 minutes, then take a break. Wuld yu like t take a walk r lie ut in the sun? Wuld yu like t brwse swimsuits fr a vacatin yu have cming up?( 計(jì)劃用90分鐘做一件重要的事情，然后休息一下。你想出去散步還是躺在外面曬太陽？你想不想為即將到來的假期挑選一些泳裝？)”可知，本段講述了做完重要的事情后計(jì)劃給自己一下獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，A項(xiàng)“計(jì)劃你的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。
④下文“If yu wait t chse what yu will d fr yur break until yu are already exhausted frm a perid f fcused wrk, yu may nt make a very satisfying chice. When yu chse in advance, yu are likely t make a mre rewarding chice.( 如果你等到你已經(jīng)從一段時(shí)間的專注工作中精疲力竭時(shí)才選擇休息時(shí)間做什么，你可能不會(huì)做出一個(gè)非常令人滿意的選擇。當(dāng)你提前選擇時(shí)，你可能會(huì)做出更有價(jià)值的選擇。)”說明不要等到筋疲力盡再選擇對自己的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，提前選擇會(huì)做出更有價(jià)值的選擇，因此推斷計(jì)劃和選擇需要大量的腦力。E項(xiàng)“計(jì)劃和選擇需要大量的腦力?！惫蔬xE。
⑤上文“Understand hw fuel influences yur persnal cncentratin, fcus, and mtivatin. Test ut what wrks fr yu. Fr example, try eating a high-prtein ygurt and see if that gives yu the little bst yu need.( 了解刺激因素如何影響你的個(gè)人注意力、專注力和動(dòng)力。測試一下什么適合你。例如，試著吃高蛋白酸奶，看看它是否能給你帶來你所需要的能量。)”說明要了解哪些因素對你的注意力，專注力等有影響，下文“Small imprvements can be hard t ntice if yu are nt paying clse attentin.(如果你沒有密切關(guān)注，你很難注意到小的進(jìn)步。)”說明要仔細(xì)關(guān)注才能注意到一些小的進(jìn)步，因此推斷F項(xiàng)“身體上的提升可能有意義，但效果很小?！狈险Z境，承上啟下，故選F。
17．答案：A
解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一對紐約母女在同一天共同獲得了大學(xué)學(xué)位，實(shí)現(xiàn)了她們兩人一生的夢想。A. lifelng終身的，畢生的；B. lvely可愛的；C. everlasting永久的，永恒的；D. rmantic浪漫的。根據(jù)下文中的“Tanisha Wiggins, 36, walked acrss the stage alngside her mther, Barbara Wiggins, 58”可知，這對母女一個(gè)36歲，一個(gè)58歲，在這樣的年紀(jì)還努力追求大學(xué)夢想，由此可見這是她們畢生的夢想。故選A。
18．答案：A
解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她們都獲得了人類服務(wù)學(xué)位。A. degrees學(xué)位；B. curse課程；C. schlarship獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金；D. prize獎(jiǎng)品。根據(jù)第一段中的“A New Yrk mther and daughter have earned their cllege degrees”可知，她們倆獲得了學(xué)位。故選A。
19．答案：D
解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Tanisha于2007年因患抑郁癥而輟學(xué)。A. surviving幸存；B. infecting傳染，使感染；C. falling落下；D. suffering受苦，遭受。根據(jù)空后的“frm depressin”可知，Tanisha患上了抑郁癥，suffer frm意為“患有”。故選D。
20．答案：C
解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幾年后，在接受精神健康護(hù)理后，她又站了起來。A. physical身體的，物理學(xué)的；B. emtinal情感的；C. mental精神的，精神病治療的；D. intellectual智力的。根據(jù)上文中Tanisha于2007年因患抑郁癥而輟學(xué)。和空后的“health care”可知，Tanisha患有抑郁癥，她后來接受了精神健康治療。故選C。
21．答案：B
解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：2021年，Tanisha和她的母親一起考上了大學(xué)。A. discvered發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. admitted接收，準(zhǔn)許……加入；C. nticed注意到；D. cmmitted做出（錯(cuò)事），犯（罪）。根據(jù)空后的“t cllege”和第一段中的“A New Yrk mther and daughter have earned their cllege degrees tgether n the same day”可知，這對母女一起考入了大學(xué)。故選B。
22．答案：C
解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正是母親的支持和為孩子們樹立好榜樣的愿望幫助她沖過了終點(diǎn)線。A. attentin注意；B. pwer力量，權(quán)力；C. supprt支持；D. permissin準(zhǔn)許，許可。根據(jù)and后可知，這里指的是幫助她取得成功的因素，即她母親的支持。故選C。
23．答案：D
解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A. push推動(dòng)；B. cut切，割；C. reach達(dá)到；D. crss越過。根據(jù)空后的“the finish line”并結(jié)合前文可知，這里指的是她越過了大學(xué)畢業(yè)的終點(diǎn)線，crss the finish line意為“越過終點(diǎn)線”。故選D。
24．答案：B
解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我們終于成功了，”Tanisha擁抱著她的母親，幸福的淚水奪眶而出。A. effrt努力；B. happiness幸福；C. curage勇氣；D. regretfulness遺憾。根據(jù)句中的“We are finally here”和語境可知，Tanisha為她們倆獲得了大學(xué)學(xué)位而感到高興，因此流下了幸福的眼淚。故選B。
25．答案：C
解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“是的，親愛的！”Barbara堅(jiān)定地回答，“我們成功了！”A. lw低的；B. strng強(qiáng)壯的；C. firm堅(jiān)定的；D. weak虛弱的。根據(jù)句中的“We made it!(我們成功了！)”可知，母親Barbara說她們倆成功了，應(yīng)該是用肯定的語氣說的。故選C。
26．答案：D
解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽證明了所有認(rèn)為她做不到的人都錯(cuò)了。A. uneasy不安的；B. reasnable合理的；C. right正確的；D. wrng錯(cuò)誤的。根據(jù)空后的“that thught she wuldn’t be able t d it(認(rèn)為她做不到的人)”“She really gt thrugh it at her age.(她在這個(gè)年紀(jì)真的挺過來了。)”可知，她的母親在這么大的年紀(jì)里堅(jiān)持了下來，獲得了學(xué)位，她證明了那些認(rèn)為她做不到的人是錯(cuò)誤的。故選D。
27．答案：A
解析：考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在有了輔導(dǎo)和其他一切，她每天都去，從來沒有停過。A. everything所有事物，一切；B. smething某事；C. anything任何事情；D. nthing沒有什么。根據(jù)上文中的“She really gt thrugh it at her age.(她在這個(gè)年紀(jì)真的挺過來了。)”和空前的“Nw with tutring and”可知，母親現(xiàn)在停了過來，現(xiàn)在她有了輔導(dǎo)和一切東西。故選A。
28．答案：B
解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不管天氣如何，她都去了。A. cunt數(shù)數(shù)；B. matter要緊；C. challenge向……挑戰(zhàn)；D. mean意味著。It指代“what the weather was”，為形式主語，這里表示天氣怎么樣都不要緊，應(yīng)用matter。故選B。
29．答案：C
解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Barbara在進(jìn)入大學(xué)之前是一名產(chǎn)婦陪護(hù)，并完成了她的普通教育發(fā)展。A. denied否認(rèn)，否定；B. accepted接受；C. cmpleted完成；D. failed失敗。根據(jù)空后的“her General Educatinal Develpment(CED)”可知，她完成了普通教育發(fā)展。故選C。
30．答案：A
解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管這段經(jīng)歷很有壓力，但我很幸運(yùn)。A. stressful緊張的，有壓力的；B. nrmal正常的；C. special特殊的；D. ppular受歡迎的。Althugh引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語從句，逗號(hào)前后之間是讓步關(guān)系，根據(jù)blessed可知，這里表示完成學(xué)業(yè)的這段經(jīng)歷很有壓力，故選A。
31．答案：B
解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我相信努力總會(huì)有回報(bào)的。A. put ff取消；B. pay ff成功，奏效；C. get ff離開；D. carry ff贏得。根據(jù)空前的“I cnvince effrts always”并結(jié)合母女二人的經(jīng)歷可知，Barbara認(rèn)為努力最終會(huì)獲得回報(bào)。故選B。
32．答案：①literally②bears③an④tk⑤wh/that⑥featuring⑦mre⑧appreciatin⑨by⑩and
解析：①考查副詞。句意：這個(gè)名字的字面意思是“龍的脊梁”，因?yàn)樘萏锟雌饋砭拖颀埖镊[片，而山頂與脊梁相似?？仗帒?yīng)用副詞修飾means。literally意為“按字面，字面上”。故填literally。
②考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意參考上題。根據(jù)句意和句中的means可知，這里陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語為the muntain’s summit，所以謂語應(yīng)用單數(shù)。故填bears。
③考查冠詞。句意：這些梯田被稱為“龍的脊梁”，以復(fù)雜的圖案在青山上延伸，看起來像水波，是一處令人難以置信的景色。sight意為“景象”，為可數(shù)名詞，這里表示泛指，且空后的incredible發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，所以應(yīng)用不定冠詞an。故填an。
④考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：徒步旅行帶我穿過了與美麗的風(fēng)景相對立的小村莊?？仗幾骶渥拥闹^語，take和主語The hike之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用主動(dòng)語態(tài)，再結(jié)合第二段中的“During my visit t Guilin”可知，這里是作者去桂林游覽時(shí)發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故填tk。
⑤考查定語從句。句意：沿著小路，我經(jīng)過橘子林，遇到了友好的當(dāng)?shù)厝?，他們給了我新鮮的荔枝。空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞friendly lcals，指人，且在從句中作主語，所以應(yīng)用wh或that引導(dǎo)。故填wh/that。
⑥考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在以糯米等當(dāng)?shù)靥厣藶樘厣亩嗟啦酥?，我了解了更多關(guān)于梯田和鄉(xiāng)村生活的信息。分析句子，空處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞。邏輯主語multi-curse meals和feature之間是主謂關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故填featuring。
⑦考查比較級(jí)。句意參考上題。根據(jù)句意可知，作者在品嘗當(dāng)?shù)靥厣说倪^程中對梯田和鄉(xiāng)村生活有了更多的了解，所以這里應(yīng)用much的比較級(jí)mre。故填mre。
⑧考查名詞。句意：整整三天后，徒步旅行結(jié)束了，我對這些由幾代家庭精心打造成景觀的古老農(nóng)業(yè)奇跡感到深深的理解?？仗帒?yīng)用名詞作賓語。appreciatin意為“理解”，由空格前的a可知，應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式。故填appreciatin。
⑨考查介詞。句意參考上題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，“carefully built int the landscape ⑨ generatins f families”是過去分詞短語作these ancient agricultural wnders的后置定語，built和these ancient agricultural wnders之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，而built的動(dòng)作發(fā)出者是generatins f families，所以應(yīng)用介詞by，表示“由幾代家庭精心打造成景觀的古老農(nóng)業(yè)奇跡”。故填by。
⑩考查連詞。句意：龍脊梯田為我提供了難忘的山景和對中國鄉(xiāng)村的文化見解。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，unfrgettable muntain views和cultural insights int rural China之間是并列關(guān)系，作with的賓語，所以應(yīng)用and連接。故填and。
33．答案：
T My Dear Schl
With ur high schl life drawing t an end, I am mre than delighted t have the chance t express my gratitude t ur schl.
There were varieties f curses and activities, which nt nly equipped me with rich knwledge, but als bradened my hrizns. Besides, warm-hearted classmates and knwledgeable teachers enabled me t get valuable friendship and grw up int a well-runded persn. Withut ur schl, I wuldn’t have becme the persn I am tday. Wrds fail t express the gratitude deep in my heart.
I prmise I will try my best t face the cming challenges and create wnders. Wish ur schl all the best.
T My Dear Schl
It’s really hard t say gdbye! But meanwhile, I’m writing these few lines t extend my heartfelt gratitude t yu.
The past three years has witnessed my giant leap in my study and life. Under the guidance f all my teachers, I was able t be expsed t abundant knwledge and perfrmed well at schl. Facing bstacles, it was the cnstant cmpaninship and encuragement frm all the teachers and classmates that cheered me up. Thanks fr prviding me with such a pleasant atmsphere, withut which I wuldn’t have becme a well-runded persn.
Indeed, my appreciatin t yu is beynd wrds. Wish yu a prsperus future.
解析：1.詞匯積累
機(jī)會(huì)：chance → pprtunity
表達(dá)我的感激之情：express my gratitude → cnvey my appreciatin
各種各樣的：varieties f → varius
而且：besides →furthermre
2.句式拓展
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
原句：Withut ur schl, I wuldn’t have becme the persn I am tday.
拓展句：Had it nt been fr ur schl, I wuldn’t have becme the persn I am tday.
【高分句型1】There were varieties f curses and activities, which nt nly equipped me with rich knwledge, but als bradened my hrizns.（運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）
【高分句型2】Withut ur schl, I wuldn’t have becme the persn I am tday.（運(yùn)用了含蓄虛擬條件句）
34．答案：
Jack rushed int his bedrm and lcked the dr heavily. He lay n the bed, huddling himself in the quilt. What he really wanted t d was t cut himself ff frm the whle wrld, especially frm his mther. He culdn't figure ut why his mther didn't understand him and why she frced him t d smething he didn't like. Slwly, he fell asleep while thinking.Suddenly he was awakened, hearing his mther's vice utside the dr, which was filled with aplgies and tenderness. His mther prmised him that she wuld respect his interests in the future.
When Jack heard his mther’s wrds, regretful tears rlled dwn his face. He realized that everything his mther did was ttally fr the sake f his future and what he said hurt his mther's heart hard. It ccurred t him that he had never shwed his gratitude t his mther. He culdn’t wait t pen the dr and said thank yu t his mther, wh was standing in the drway. He als prmised his mther that he wuld study hard in practical subjects. Finaly, misunderstanding cleared, they hugged each ther tightly with a jyful smile.
解析：
1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“杰克沖進(jìn)臥室，重重地鎖上了門。”可知，第一段可描寫杰克的心理狀態(tài)及媽媽平靜下來后在門口和杰克說的話。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“當(dāng)杰克聽到母親的話時(shí)，悔恨的淚水從他的臉上滾落下來?！笨芍诙慰擅鑼懡芸寺牭綃寢尩脑挼姆磻?yīng)并最終和媽媽和好。
2.續(xù)寫線索：熱愛科學(xué)——被媽媽忽視——分享科幻故事——被批評教育——發(fā)生爭吵——母子和好
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①蜷縮：huddle/curl up
②想做：want t d/be eager t d
③強(qiáng)迫：frce/cmpel/blige
情緒類
①感謝：shw his gratitude/shw his appreciatin//be grateful
②喜悅：jyful/delightful/pleasant
【高分句型1】What he really wanted t d was t cut himself ff frm the whle wrld, especially frm his mther.（運(yùn)用了what引導(dǎo)的主語從句）
【高分句型2】Suddenly he was awakened, hearing his mther's vice utside the dr, which was filled with aplgies and tenderness.（運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句及現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語）

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