(考試時間：120分鐘 試卷滿分：150分)
第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié) (共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. What will the wman d?
A. Wipe the table. B. Wash the dishes. C. Clean the flr.
2. Hw ften are the meetings held?
A. Once a day. B. Once a week. C. Once a mnth.
3. What des the man mean?
A. He is ging blind. B. He likes darkness. C. He can’t bear the strng light.
4. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. On a muntain. B. In a gym. C. At the speakers’ hme.
5. What did the man think f the garden?
A. It was beautiful. B. It was crwded. C. It was inspiring.
第二節(jié) (共15小題;每小題1. 5分, 滿分22. 5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題, 從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前, 你將有時間閱讀各個小題, 每小題5秒鐘;聽完后, 各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7兩個小題。
6. Hw will the wman give the lucky mney t William?
A. By WeChat Pay. B. By bank transfer. C. In cash.
7. What will William prbably d during the hliday?
A. Attend classes.
B. Jin his family fr dinner.
C. Travel t his grandparents’ huse.
聽下面一段對話，回答第8至第10三個小題。
8. Why des the wman think yung peple prefer public transprtatin?
A. Decrease in incme.
B. Difficulty f parking.
C. Cnvenience f public transprtatin.
9. Why des the wman like cars?
A. They run fast. B. They are cheap. C. They can g anywhere.
10. When did the man get rid f his vehicle?
A. A year ag. B. Half a year ag. C. One mnth ag.
聽下面一段對話，回答第11至第13三個小題。
11 Why des Lisa want the new jb?
A. It pays mre mney.
B. It ffers her career prmtin.
C. It will be easy as she’s dne it befre.
12. Hw did Lisa find ut abut the jb?
A. Frm a c-wrker.
B. Frm an advertisement.
C. Frm smene wrking there.
13. Hw many children des Lisa have?
A. Tw. B. Three. C. Fur.
聽下面一段對話，回答第14和第17四個小題。
14. What is the cnversatin mainly abut?
A. Suggestins abut adpting a pet.
B. Ways f learning t lk after a dg.
C. Jb applicatins t an animal shelter.
15 What des the wman like best abut wrking at a shelter?
A. Cleaning the cages.
B. Getting alng with pets.
C. Interacting with ther vlunteers.
16. What des the wman regret abut her vlunteering wrk?
A. The lack f pay.
B. The lng wrking hurs.
C. The inability t adpt all the pets.
17. What will the man prbably d next?
A. Buy a dg. B. Talk t his rmmate. C. Cntact a shelter near him.
聽下面一段對話，回答第18至第20三個小題。
18. What made sweet fds special in ancient civilizatins?
A. They were hard t make.
B. They were the safest fds.
C. They were nly fr imprtant persns.
19. When was the cupcake invented?
A. In the 1800s. B. In the 1300s. C. In the 1200s.
20. Why did it take s lng fr mre recipes t be published?
A. The materials were t expensive.
B. Peple perfected desserts early n.
C. Mre demand fr sugar was needed.
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié) (共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
It’s easy t assume that a vacatin t Bali will cst a small frtune. There are plenty f accmmdatins, fd and lcal transprtatin, and even the spas ffer massages and treatments at value prices. Hwever, yu can easily spend a week r tw in Bali fr under $2,000, withut having t sleep n the beach. Here are a few things t cnsider when planning Bali n a budget.
What is the best time t visit Bali n a budget?
If yu’re n a budget, cnsider visiting Bali during the lwer, wetter seasn, which runs frm Octber thrugh March. The crwds will be fewer, and bth htel rates and flights frm abrad are ften cheaper, except during the hliday perid between mid-December and early January, when crwds swell. The nly trade-ff fr the lwer prices is the wet seasn. This time f year isn’t always ideal fr sunbathing, and serius rainfall can make utdr activities, such as whitewater rafting and visiting waterfalls and rice terraces, less than appealing. That said, even during rainy seasn, it desn’t usually rain all day lng. Expect bursts f sunshine between the strms.
What is the cheapest way t get arund Bali?
The abslute cheapest way t get arund Bali is by lcal bus, but it can take a lng time. There are als turist buses, including hp-n, hp-ff ptins, that travel between different hubs acrss the island. Bali is well-served by taxis, bth f the car and mtrbike variety, and the prices tend t be affrdable by internatinal standards. Mst drivers will ffer yu a fixed rate fr full-day hires r t get frm pint A t pint B, rather than using a meter.
Remember t bargain; ding s is particularly easy when a driver is n his wn rather than at a taxi stand.
Hw much des fd cst in Bali?
If yu’re int fine dining, yu can end up spending a large chunk f yur budget n fd. Eating at the average restaurant geared twards turists is the best way t have a meal in Bali n a budget. A gd meal shuld cst yu arund 100,000 rupiah (arund $7), but if yu’re willing t subsist mstly ff f lcal specialties such as nasi greng (fried rice) and eat at lcal restaurants, yu can expect t pay arund 30,000 rupiah ($2) t get fed. Best f all, mst htels and guesthuses in Bali cme with free breakfast, and many ffer heavier ptins f ndles and meat that may keep yu full until lunch.
1. Which f the fllwing situatin can be best described by the underlined wrd trade-ff in paragraph 2?
A. Jack gt a reward after he returned the lst bag t its wner.
B. Lily spent much mney buying sme handicrafts at the lcal fair.
C. Wendy cancelled her trip in rder t prevent the spread f the virus.
D. Sam was sclded by his parents fr what he did in schl last night.
2. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. It’s better fr utdr enthusiasts t visit Bali during the ff seasn.
B. Passengers had better fix the price with drivers befre the taxi pulls ut frm the statin.
C. If n a tight budget, ne is advised t visit Bali at the end f December every year.
D. It’s relatively ecnmical t eat merely at average restaurants tailred t visitrs.
3. In which clumn f a magazine can yu mst prbably find this passage?
A. City and Transprt.B. Travel and Recreatin.
C. Nature and Envirnment.D. Fd and Health.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了三個去巴厘島度假省錢的辦法。
【1題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“This time f year isn’t always ideal fr sunbathing, and serius rainfall can make utdr activities, such as whitewater rafting and visiting waterfalls and rice terraces, less than appealing.(每年的這個時候并不總是日光浴的理想時間，而且嚴(yán)重的降雨會使戶外活動，如漂流、參觀瀑布和梯田，沒有吸引力)”可知，價(jià)格下降的原因是雨季這一代價(jià)。劃線詞意為“代價(jià)”。故C選項(xiàng)“為了防止病毒的傳播，溫迪取消了她的旅行”最能描述畫線詞，溫迪以失去旅行為代價(jià)，換取防止病毒傳播。故選C。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Eating at the average restaurant geared twards turists is the best way t have a meal in Bali n a budget.(要想在巴厘島省錢，在一家面向游客的普通餐廳吃飯是最好的辦法)”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，在為游客量身定制的普通餐廳吃飯相對經(jīng)濟(jì)省錢。故選D。
【3題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“It’s easy t assume that a vacatin t Bali will cst a small frtune. There are plenty f accmmdatins, fd and lcal transprtatin, and even the spas ffer massages and treatments at value prices. Hwever, yu can easily spend a week r tw in Bali fr under $2,000, withut having t sleep n the beach. Here are a few things t cnsider when planning Bali n a budget.(人們很容易認(rèn)為去巴厘島度假會花一大筆錢。這里有充足的住宿，食物和當(dāng)?shù)亟煌ǎ踔了熤行奶峁┖侠韮r(jià)位的按摩和治療。然而，你也可以花不到2000美元在巴厘島度過一兩個星期，甚至不用在海灘上睡覺。以下是在規(guī)劃巴厘島預(yù)算時需要考慮的一些事情)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了三個去巴厘島度假省錢的辦法?？赏浦?，你最可能在雜志的“旅游和娛樂”專欄里找到這篇文章。故選B。
B
Fr mst f the year, Embletn Bay is almst deserted, a magical curve f sand n edge f the wrld. This is where the pupils f Embletn Primary Schl, a beach schl, a very Friday——t learn.
Nicla Threlfall, head teacher f the schl, says that teachers emply a range teaching methds t realize teaching bjectives, frm mre traditinal written wrk t teach paths in the sand with sticks, cvering diverse tpics.
Smetimes the envirnment itself wrks wnder. Nicla explains there are huge benefits t giving children the pprtunity t just “be”. Watching the waves, lying n the sand feeling the wind and sun n their faces, r rlling dwn sand dunes are all an essential part f the beach- schl experience, enabling children, t explre, test their wn limits and understand their place in their envirnment.
Online resurces are prvided, t, in terms f engaging children and fstering an interest in beaches. During lckdwn, the students enjyed a virtual nline lecture with the Rck Pl Prject, a scial grup that encurages peple f all ages t discver marine life.
During the winter mnths, sand blws in ripples acrss the beach under the biting nrth winds. Hw d the children cpe with the difficult weather? Nicla says they like t get the kids ut n the beach in all weather. If it’s raining, they head t the bird hide; when it’s cld, the kids warm up by ding mre physical activities. On warmer days, they sit n picnic tables utside t enjy their lunch.
The beach is within walking distance f the schl gates but the ne kilmetre dwn the hill-and anther ne back up still prves challenging fr little legs. Nicla cnfirms that nticeable imprvement in the children’s endurance and fitness level is ne f the main advantages.
Embletn Primary Schl is demnstrating hw successful utdr learning can be. Can mre schl mdify The curriculum t include regular time utside fr their students ?
4. Hw des the schl carry ut utdr learning?
A. By giving lectures regularly.
B. By integrating diverse appraches.
C. By inspiring students t write mre.
D. By centering n envirnmental issues.
5. What d teachers d in tugh winter days?
A. Shrten beach hurs.B. Adjust student activities.
C. Pstpne utdr events.D. Change teaching bjectives.
6. Hw des the authr find the beach lessns?
A. Fully-researched.B. Widely-prvided.
C. Cnfidence-bsting.D. Character-building.
7. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Start frm BeachB. Live with Sea life
C. Enjy Beach ActivitiesD. Refrm Future Educatin
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹Embletn小學(xué)的戶外學(xué)習(xí)，海灘教育。
【4題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Nicla Threlfall, head teacher f the schl, says that teachers emply a range teaching methds t realize teaching bjectives, frm mre traditinal written wrk t teach paths in the sand with sticks, cvering diverse tpics. (該校校長尼古拉·特雷福(Nicla Threlfall)表示，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)教學(xué)目標(biāo)，教師們采用了多種教學(xué)方法，從更傳統(tǒng)的書面作業(yè)到用棍子在沙地上走小路，涵蓋了多種主題。)”第三段第一句“Smetimes the envirnment itself wrks wnder. (有時環(huán)境本身也能創(chuàng)造奇跡)”以及第四段第一句“Online resurces are prvided, t, in terms f engaging children and fstering an interest in beaches. (在吸引兒童和培養(yǎng)對海灘的興趣方面，也提供了在線資源)”可知，開展戶外學(xué)習(xí)時，學(xué)校老師采用了不同教學(xué)方法實(shí)現(xiàn)教學(xué)目標(biāo)，利用環(huán)境自身及網(wǎng)上資源，也就是整合了不同的方法。故選B。
【5題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“If it’s raining, they head t the bird hide; when it’s cld, the kids warm up by ding mre physical activities. On warmer days, they sit n picnic tables utside t enjy their lunch. (如果下雨，它們會去鳥窩；天冷的時候，孩子們通過做更多的體育活動來暖身。天氣暖和的時候，他們會坐在外面的野餐桌上享用午餐)”由此可推，根據(jù)天氣狀況，調(diào)整學(xué)生活動，故選B。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段第二句“Nicla cnfirms that nticeable imprvement in the children’s endurance and fitness level is ne f the main advantages. (尼古拉證實(shí)，孩子們的耐力和體能水平的顯著提高是主要優(yōu)勢之一)”可知作者覺得海灘課程是品格塑造的體現(xiàn)。故選D。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題。通覽全文內(nèi)容，多次出現(xiàn)beach，可知本文緊緊圍繞“beach learning”展開，以及文章最后一段提出的呼吁，由此可以推出A為正確答案，能夠概括本文的大意，適合作為文章標(biāo)題，即從海灘出發(fā)，進(jìn)行教育，故選A。
C
The surface f Mars is etched with ancient river valleys and lake basins. Sme researchers think that liquid water nce flwed n the Red Planet. Tday, Mars is t cld fr much, if any, liquid water t exist. And 3.8 billin years ag, when the flwing water frmed, the sun was fainter than it is tday, making it even harder t imagine a warm Martian climate. That’s why many researchers think Mars may have gne in and ut f deep freezes.
Sme researchers have suggested that early Mars nly thawed ut when large asterid impacts r vlcanic eruptins temprarily warmed the planet. But Kasting, a gelgist at Penn State University, thinks warm windws frm such dramatic events wuld have been t brief t carve the vast canyns that exist n Mars. Nw, Kasting and his clleagues have cme up with an alternative explanatin. They think Mars may have experienced a series f climate cycles.
The idea ges like this: When Mars was cld and frzen, vlcanes cntinued t belch ut the greenhuse gases like carbn dixide and hydrgen int the atmsphere. There, the gas blanket trapped heat and warmed the planet up until liquid water began t flw, frming Mars’ rivers and lakes. Hwever, warm temperatures and abundant water wuld als have sped up certain chemical reactins that cnsumed carbn dixide, reducing the greenhuse effect and cling the planet back dwn again. Then the cycle wuld repeat.
Kasting shared his thery with ther astrnmers at the December meeting f the American Gephysical Unin in San Francisc, and in the jurnal Earth and Planetary Science Letters. S far, Kasting’s team has nly shwn that such an explanatin is pssible, accrding t climate mdels. But the researchers say field trips culd help test the idea by lking fr evidence f multiple warm events, and their duratins.
8. What made researchers believe that liquid water nce existed n Mars?
A. The surface f Mars is with liquid water.
B. The temperatures f the sun.
C. The gelgical features f Mars.
D. The faintness f the sun.
9. What is Kasting’s thery based n?
A. Large asterids had n impact n Mars.
B. Deep valleys culdn’t be frmed in a shrt perid f time.
C. Vlcanic eruptins were very frequent n Mars.
D. Carbn dixide and hydrgen were abundant in the atmsphere.
10. What d we knw abut the climate cycles?
A. Carbn dixide and hydrgen wuld nt be changed.
B. The greenhuse gases played an imprtant rle in this cycle.
C. The climate cycles wuld experience three times in ttal.
D. Ht envirnment and a large amunt f water wuld accelerate certain chemical reactins t generate carbn dixide.
11. Which is the mst suitable title fr the text?
A. Climate Cycles Culd Have Carved Canyns n Mars
B. Large Asterid Impacts n the Red Planet
C. Liquid Water Existing n Mars
D. Ancient River Valleys Have Been Fund n Mars
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。火星上曾經(jīng)有液態(tài)水，這是怎么形成的呢？科學(xué)家們提出了新的理論。
【8題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“The surface f Mars is etched with ancient river valleys and lake basins. Sme researchers think that liquid water nce flwed n the Red Planet. (火星表面蝕刻著古老的河谷和湖泊盆地。一些研究人員認(rèn)為液態(tài)水曾經(jīng)在這顆紅色星球上流動)”可知，火星表面有著古老的河谷和湖泊盆地，這些地質(zhì)特征使得研究人員認(rèn)為液態(tài)水曾經(jīng)在火星上存在。故選A項(xiàng)。
【9題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“But Kasting, a gelgist at Penn State University, thinks warm windws frm such dramatic events wuld have been t brief t carve the vast canyns that exist n Mars. (但是賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué)的地質(zhì)學(xué)家Kasting認(rèn)為，這種突然事件打開的溫暖窗口期太短暫了，無法蝕刻出火星上存在的巨大峽谷)”可知，賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué)的地質(zhì)學(xué)家卡薩丁認(rèn)這種突然事件打開的溫暖窗口期太短暫了，無法形成火星上存在的巨大峽谷。由此推知，卡薩丁的理論是建立在深谷不可能在短時間內(nèi)形成的理論上的。故選B項(xiàng)。
【10題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“The idea ges like this：When Mars was cld and frzen, vlcanes cntinued t belch ut the greenhuse gases like carbn dixide and hydrgen int the atmsphere. There, the gas blanket trapped heat and warmed the planet up until liquid water began t flw, frming Mars’ rivers and lakes.(這個想法是這樣的：當(dāng)火星寒冷凍結(jié)時，火山繼續(xù)向大氣中噴射二氧化碳和氫氣等溫室氣體。在那里，氣層捕獲熱量并使行星升溫，直到液態(tài)水開始流動，形成了火星的河流和湖泊)”可知，溫室氣體在這個循環(huán)中起了重要作用。故選B項(xiàng)。
【11題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段“They think Mars may have experienced a series f climate cycles caused by changes in the strength f the greenhuse effect. (他們認(rèn)為火星可能經(jīng)歷了一系列由溫室效應(yīng)強(qiáng)度變化引起的氣候周期)”和第三段“The idea ges like this: When Mars was cld and frzen, vlcanes cntinued t belch ut the greenhuse gases like carbn dixide and hydrgen int the atmsphere. There, the gas blanket trapped heat and warmed the planet up until liquid water began t flw, frming Mars’ rivers and lakes. (這個想法是這樣的：當(dāng)火星寒冷凍結(jié)時，火山繼續(xù)向大氣中噴射二氧化碳和氫氣等溫室氣體。在那里，氣層捕獲熱量并使行星升溫，直到液態(tài)水開始流動，形成了火星的河流和湖泊)”可知，文章介紹了科學(xué)家提出的關(guān)于火星上的河谷和湖泊盆地形成原因的最新理論，研究指出可能是氣候的變化周期造就了如今火星上可觀測到的峽谷和河床等地理特征。由此可知，“Climate Cycles Culd Have Carved Canyns n Mars (氣候周期可能在火星上雕刻了峽谷)”是最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。
D
Persnalized medicine changes cnventinal medicine which typically ffers blanket recmmendatins and ffers treatments designed t help mre peple than they bam but that might nt wrk fr yu. The apprach recgnizes that we each pssess unique characteristics, and they have an ut size impact n ur health.
Arund the wrld, researchers are creating precisin tls unimaginable just a decade ag: superfast DNA sequencing(排序); tissue engineering, cell reprgramming, gene editing, and mre. The science and technlgy sn will make it pssible t predict yur risk f cancer, heart disease, and cuntless ther illnesses years befre yu get sick. The wrk als ffers prspects fr changing genes in remving sme diseases.
Last spring, researchers at the Natinal Cancer Institute reprted the dramatic recvery f a wman with breast cancer, Judy Perkins. The team, led by Steven Rsenberg, an immune(免疫的) treatment pineer, had sequenced her cancer cells’ DNA t analyze the sudden change. The team als remved a sampling f immune cells and tested them t see which nes recgnized her cancer cells' genetic faults. The scientists reprduced the winning immune cells by the billins and put them int Perkins t attack her cancer cells. Mre than tw y cars later. Perkins, a retired engineer frm Flrida, shws n signs f cancer.
Thirty years ag, scientists thught that it wuld be impssible t understand ur genetic rules and sequence the 3.2 billin pairs f different elements in ur DNA. “It was like yu were talking fairytales,” Kurzrck said. “The cnventinal wisdm was that it wuld never happen. Never And then in 2003, never was ver.”
It tk the Human Gene Prject 13 years, rughly ne billin dllars, and scientists frm six cuntries t sequence ne gene cmplex. Tday sequencing csts abut a thusand dllars. The latest machines can prduce the results in a day. The technlgy, cmbined with advanced cell analysis, clarifies the astnishing bichemical variatins that make every human bdy unique.
12 What can we knw abut persnalized medicine?
A. It has emerged a decade befre.
B. It ffers blanket recmmendatins.
C. It uses genetic infrmatin t help patients.
D. It administers treatment intended fr mst peple.
13. Which best describes thse precisin tls?
A. Prmising.B. Highly risky.C. Fruitless.D. Strictly cnfidential.
14. What happened in the prcess f treating Judy Perkins' breast cancer?
A. Sequencing her immune cells.
B. Reprgramming her cancer cells
C. Analysis f her life style changes.
D. Identificatin f cancer-fighting cells.
15. What's the last paragraph mainly talking abut cncerning sequencing?
A. Its wide applicatins.B. Its recent advances.
C. Its majr disadvantages.D. Its attractive prspects.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了個性化醫(yī)療改變了傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)，它利用遺傳信息來幫助病人。
【12題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thirty years ag, scientists thught that it wuld be impssible t understand ur genetic rules and sequence the 3.2 billin pairs f different elements in ur DNA. “It was like yu were talking fairytales,” Kurzrck said. “The cnventinal wisdm was that it wuld never happen. Never And then in 2003, never was ver.””（30年前，科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為不可能理解我們的遺傳規(guī)則，也不可能對我們DNA中的32億對不同元素進(jìn)行測序?！熬拖衲阍谥v童話，”庫爾茲洛克說?！皞鹘y(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為這永遠(yuǎn)不會發(fā)生。永遠(yuǎn)不會。然后在2003年，永遠(yuǎn)不會結(jié)束）可推知，個性化醫(yī)療它利用遺傳信息來幫助病人。故選C項(xiàng)。
【13題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Arund the wrld, researchers are creating precisin tls unimaginable just a decade ag: superfast DNA sequencing(排序); tissue engineering, cell reprgramming, gene editing, and mre. The science and technlgy sn will make it pssible t predict yur risk f cancer, heart disease, and cuntless ther illnesses years befre yu get sick. The wrk als ffers prspects fr changing genes in remving sme diseases.”（在世界各地，研究人員正在創(chuàng)造十年前難以想象的精密工具:超高速DNA測序;組織工程、細(xì)胞重編程、基因編輯等等?？茖W(xué)技術(shù)很快就能在你生病前幾年預(yù)測你患癌癥、心臟病和無數(shù)其他疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。這項(xiàng)工作還為改變基因以消除某些疾病提供了前景。）可推知，這些精密工具是有希望的。故選A項(xiàng)。
【14題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“The team, led by Steven Rsenberg, an immune(免疫的) treatment pineer, had sequenced her cancer cells’ DNA t analyze the sudden change. The team als remved a sampling f immune cells and tested them t see which nes recgnized her cancer cells' genetic faults.”（由免疫治療先驅(qū)史蒂文·羅森伯格(Steven Rsenberg)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究小組對她的癌細(xì)胞DNA進(jìn)行了測序，以分析這種突然的變化。研究小組還提取了一些免疫細(xì)胞樣本，并對它們進(jìn)行了測試，看看哪些細(xì)胞能識別她的癌細(xì)胞的基因缺陷。）可知，在治療朱迪·珀金斯的乳腺癌的過程中對抗癌細(xì)胞的識別進(jìn)行了測試。故選D項(xiàng)。
【15題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“It tk the Human Gene Prject 13 years, rughly ne billin dllars, and scientists frm six cuntries t sequence ne gene cmplex. Tday sequencing csts abut a thusand dllars. The latest machines can prduce the results in a day. The technlgy, cmbined with advanced cell analysis, clarifies the astnishing bichemical variatins that make every human bdy unique.”（人類基因計(jì)劃花了13年時間，大約10億美元，來自6個國家的科學(xué)家對一個基因復(fù)合體進(jìn)行了測序。如今測序的成本約為1000美元。最新的機(jī)器可以在一天內(nèi)產(chǎn)生結(jié)果。這項(xiàng)技術(shù)與先進(jìn)的細(xì)胞分析相結(jié)合，闡明了使每個人的身體都獨(dú)一無二的驚人的生化變化。）可知，最后一段主要講的是測序的最近的進(jìn)展。故選B項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié) (共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多于選項(xiàng)。
Have yu ever struggled t understand hw smene else feels? Building up yur empathy (同理心) skills helps yu cnnect with yur friends. ____16____
What is empathy?
Empathy is a kind f capability that lets yu step int smene else’s shes and then figure ut hw they are feeling. Fr instance, if yu can see yur friend is upset after lsing a ftball match and yu supprt them by telling them sme warm and mtivating wrds, yu are shwing empathy. Miranda McKeamey set up an rganizatin called EmpathyLab that builds empathy thrugh reading. ____17____ “Empathy is a frce fr change,” she says.
____18____
Scientists say empathy isn’t smething yu are brn with, it’s a skill yu can acquire thrugh learning. One way yu can d this is by active listening. When smene is talking t yu, listen clsely and respnd in a way that shws yu understand their situatins and emtins thrughly. Reading, advcated by EmpathyLab, is als a great way t bst empathy, since stries can take yu inside smene else’s mind and shw yu the wrld thrugh their eves and emtins.
Put empathy int actin.
____19____ This culd mean trying ut smething that is imprtant t a friend r family member like explring their favrite place. EmpathyLab advcated ideas fr putting empathy int actin in schls r at hme. That might be cnnecting with smene new in yur class and having a friendly cnversatin, r making small changes t yur behaviur. All small acts f kindness t thers can make a difference, which in turn will be cpied by smene else. ____20____
A. Hw can yu have mre empathy?
B. Wh need empathy mst in daily life?
C. Besides, it als spreads kindness and inspires them t d the same.
D. T find ut mre cnducts yu can d, lg in
E. Only by putting empathy int actin can yu relate t thers’ bad lives.
F. She believes even small, supprtive actins can have a psitive impact.
G. Miranda recmmends ging int the thick f peple’s lives t shw empathy.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹什么是同理心，獲得同理心的方法和將同理心付諸行動的做法。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Have yu ever struggled t understand hw smene else feels? Building up yur empathy (同理心) skills helps yu cnnect with yur friends. (你是否曾努力去理解別人的感受？培養(yǎng)同理心可以幫助你與朋友建立聯(lián)系)”及下文各小標(biāo)題可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)繼續(xù)說同理心的好處，引出下文對同理心的介紹，C選項(xiàng)“此外，它還傳播善意，并激勵他們也這樣做。”符合題意，順承上文，故選C。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Miranda McKeamey set up an rganizatin called EmpathyLab that builds empathy thrugh reading. (米蘭達(dá)·麥基米成立了一個名為“共情實(shí)驗(yàn)室”的組織，通過閱讀培養(yǎng)共情能力)”和下文““Empathy is a frce fr change,” she says. (同理心是一種改變的力量，”她說)”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)表達(dá)為米蘭達(dá)·麥基米認(rèn)可同理心，表達(dá)自己的看法，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“她認(rèn)為，即使是很小的支持性行動也能產(chǎn)生積極的影響。”符合題意，并且呼應(yīng)下文，故選F。
【18題詳解】
設(shè)空處為小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“Scientists say empathy isn’t smething yu are brn with, it’s a skill yu can acquire thrugh learning. One way yu can d this is by active listening. When smene is talking t yu, listen clsely and respnd in a way that shws yu understand their situatins and emtins thrughly. Reading, advcated by EmpathyLab, is als a great way t bst empathy, since stries can take yu inside smene else’s mind and shw yu the wrld thrugh their eves and emtins. (科學(xué)家表示，同理心不是與生俱來的，而是一種可以通過學(xué)習(xí)獲得的技能。其中一個方法就是積極傾聽。當(dāng)有人和你說話時，仔細(xì)傾聽，并以一種表明你完全理解他們的處境和情緒的方式回應(yīng)。同理心實(shí)驗(yàn)室提倡的閱讀也是增強(qiáng)同理心的好方法，因?yàn)楣适驴梢宰屇氵M(jìn)入別人的內(nèi)心，通過他們的眼睛和情感向你展示這個世界)”可知，本段主要講獲得同理心的方法，A選項(xiàng)“你怎樣才能有更多的同理心？”符合本段主旨，故選A。
【19題詳解】
下文“This culd mean trying ut smething that is imprtant t a friend r family member, like explring their favrite place. (這可能意味著要嘗試一些對朋友或家人很重要東西。比如探索他們最喜歡的地方)”，G選項(xiàng)“米蘭達(dá)建議深入人們的生活，以表達(dá)同情?！敝械摹皃eple’s lives”呼應(yīng)上文的“their favrite place”，也就是要去家人或者朋友中的生活中去做一些事情來表達(dá)同情，故選G。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“EmpathyLab advcated ideas fr putting empathy int actin in schls r at hme. That might be cnnecting with smene new in yur class and having a friendly cnversatin, r making small changes t yur behaviur. All small acts f kindness t thers can make a difference, which in turn will be cpied by smene else. (同理心實(shí)驗(yàn)室提倡在學(xué)?；蚣彝ブ袑⑼硇母吨T行動。這可能是與班上的新同學(xué)建立聯(lián)系，進(jìn)行友好的交談，或者對你的行為做出一些小改變。所有對別人的小善舉都能產(chǎn)生影響，而這反過來又會被別人模仿)”可知，這些都是將同理心付諸行動的一些做法，D選項(xiàng)“想了解更多你可以做的行為，請登錄”中的“mre cnducts yu can d”符合本段中付諸行動的具體做法，所以順承上文，符合題意，故選D。
第三部分 英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)
第一節(jié) 完形填空(共20小題：每小題1.5分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
Eradajere Oleita thinks she may have a partial slutin fr tw f their cuntry’s persistent prblems: garbage and pverty. It’s called the Chip Bag Prject. As a student and____21____she is asking lcal snack lvers a____22____: Rather than thrw empty chip bags____23____int the trash,____24____them! Then she can turn them int sleeping bags fr the hmeless.
Chip____25____drp ff their empty bags at tw____26____: a print shp and a clthing stre, where Oleita and her vlunteer helpers cllect them. After they sanitize (清潔) the chip bags in sapy ht water, they slice them pen,____27____them flat, and irn them tgether. They____28____fillings t line the insides.
It takes abut fur hurs t____29____a sleeping bag, and each takes arund 150 t 300 chip bags, depending n whether they’re single-serve r family_____30_____. The_____31_____is a sleeping bag that is “waterprf, lightweight, and easy t carry arund,” Oleita tld theNews.
Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Prject has_____32_____mre than 800, 000 chip bags and,_____33_____last December, created 110 sleeping bags.
Sure, it wuld be_____34_____t raise the mney t buy new sleeping bags. But the prject is nly half the_____35_____fr Oleita whse family mved t the United States frm Nigeria a decade ag with the hpe f attaining a better life — and her fellw vlunteers. “We are dedicated t making an impact nt nly_____36_____but envirnmentally,” she says.
And, f curse, there’s the symblism f recycling bags that wuld_____37_____land in the trash and using them t help the hmeless. It’s a pwerful_____38_____that envirnmental_____39_____and pverty ften g hand in hand. As Oleita tldlcalnews. cm,“I think it’s time t shw_____40_____between all f these issues.”
21. A. instructrB. helperC. envirnmentalistD. tailr
22. A. criterinB. qualificatinC. questinD. favr
23. A. lightlyB. deliberatelyC. ccasinallyD. indirectly
24. A. sellB. emptyC. cleanD. dnate
25. A. prducersB. eatersC. spnsrsD. buyers
26. A. dustbinsB. lcatinsC. bagsD. streets
27. A. leadB. lieC. layD. print
28. A. checkB. needC. reachD. use
29. A. sewB. designC. fferD. discver
30. A. memberB. sizeC. missinD. debt
31. A. resultB. reliefC. methdD. prduce
32. A. madeB. decratedC. accumulatedD. charged
33. A. in terms fB. regardless fC. instead fD. as f
34. A. busierB. simplerC. heavierD. smaller
35. A. galB. stageC. prcedureD. chance
36 A. bjectivelyB. pliticallyC. sciallyD. secretly
37. A. mreverB. therwiseC. insteadD. besides
38. A. reprtB. blameC. reminderD. slutin
39. A. prblemsB. grupsC. regulatinsD. prtectin
40. A. divisinsB. similaritiesC. messagesD. cnnectins
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了一個名為Chip Bag Prject的公益項(xiàng)目，通過回收空薯片袋，為無家可歸者制作睡袋，既保護(hù)了環(huán)境，又減少了貧困。
【21題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名學(xué)生和環(huán)保主義者，她正在請求當(dāng)?shù)氐牧闶硱酆谜邘蛡€忙：與其把空薯片袋輕意扔進(jìn)垃圾桶，不如把它們捐贈出去！A. instructr導(dǎo)師；B. helper幫手；C. envirnmentalist環(huán)保主義者；D. tailr裁縫。由下文語境可知，Eradajere Oleita通過回收空薯片袋，為無家可歸者制作睡袋，既保護(hù)了環(huán)境，又減少了貧困，可得出Eradajere Oleita一位環(huán)保主義者。故選C項(xiàng)。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名學(xué)生和環(huán)保主義者，她正在請求當(dāng)?shù)氐牧闶硱酆谜邘蛡€忙：與其把空薯片袋輕意扔進(jìn)垃圾桶，不如把它們捐贈出去！A. criterin標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；B. qualificatin資格；C. questin問題；D. favr善行。由下文的“Rather than thrw empty chip bags____3____int the trash,____4____them ! Then she can turn them int sleeping bags fr the hmeless.”可知，Eradajere Oleita建議當(dāng)?shù)亓闶硱酆谜呔璩隹帐砥詭椭谱魉f明她正在請求他們幫忙做好事。故選D項(xiàng)。
【23題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名學(xué)生和環(huán)保主義者，她正在請求當(dāng)?shù)氐牧闶硱酆谜邘蛡€忙：與其把空薯片袋輕意扔進(jìn)垃圾桶，不如把它們捐贈出去！A. lightly輕意地；B. deliberately故意地；C. ccasinally偶爾地；D. indirectly間接地。由本處的“Rather than thrw empty chip bags____3____int the trash”可知，人們把空薯片袋扔進(jìn)垃圾桶，是一件很輕意的事情。故選A項(xiàng)。
【24題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名學(xué)生和環(huán)保主義者，她正在請求當(dāng)?shù)氐牧闶硱酆谜邘蛡€忙：與其把空薯片袋輕意扔進(jìn)垃圾桶，不如把它們捐贈出去！A. sell賣；B. empty清空；C. clean打掃；D. dnate捐贈。由上文的“Rather than thrw empty chip bags____3____int the trash”和下文的“Then she can turn them int sleeping bags fr the hmeless.”可知，Eradajere Oleita建議當(dāng)?shù)亓闶硱酆谜卟灰芽帐砥p意扔進(jìn)垃圾桶，而是捐出空薯片袋以幫助制作睡袋。故選D項(xiàng)。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：吃薯片的人把空薯片袋放在兩個地方：一家印刷店和一家服裝店，Oleita和她的志愿者在那里收集。A. prducers生產(chǎn)商；B. eaters食客；C. spnsrs贊助商；D. buyers購物者。由上文語境可知，Eradajere Oleita建議當(dāng)?shù)亓闶硱酆谜呔璩隹帐砥詭椭谱魉颂幹赋允砥娜?。故選B項(xiàng)。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：吃薯片的人把空薯片袋放在兩個地方：一家印刷店和一家服裝店，Oleita和她的志愿者在那里收集。A. dustbins垃圾箱；B. lcatin地方、位置；C. bags袋子；D. streets街道。由下文的“a print shp and a clthing stre, where Oleita and her vlunteer helpers cllect them”可知，此處指Eradajere Oleita收集空薯片袋的兩個地方。故選B項(xiàng)。
【27題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在用肥皂熱水清洗空薯片袋后，他們將其切開，平放，然后將其熨在一起。A. lead引領(lǐng)；B. lie躺；C. lay放置；D. print印刷。由下文的“them flat, and irn them tgether”和常識可知，熨燙東西之前，需要把東西平放。故選C項(xiàng)。
【28題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們用填充物填充內(nèi)部。A. check檢查；B. need需要；C. reach到達(dá)；D. use使用。由本處的“They____8____fillings t line the insides.”可知，因?yàn)橐谱魉?，空薯片袋熨好后，Eradajere Oleita和她的志愿者會使用填充物填充空薯片袋的內(nèi)部。故選D項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：縫制一個睡袋大約需要四個小時，每個睡袋大約需要150到300個空薯片袋，這取決于它們是單件還是家庭規(guī)模。A. sew縫；B. design設(shè)計(jì)；C. ffer提供；D. discver發(fā)現(xiàn)。由下文的“a sleeping bag, and each takes arund 150 t 300 chip bags”可知，睡袋是由許多空薯片袋縫制而成的。故選A項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：縫制一個睡袋大約需要四個小時，每個睡袋大約需要150到300個空薯片袋，這取決于它們是單件還是家庭規(guī)模。A. member會員；B. size規(guī)模；C. missin使命；D. debt債務(wù)。由上文的“a sleeping bag, and each takes arund 150 t 300 chip bags, depending n whether they’re single-serve r family”可知，睡袋是否是單件，還有適用于不同的家庭規(guī)模，縫制睡袋所需的空薯片袋的數(shù)量就不同。故選B項(xiàng)。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Oleita告訴《新聞》說，其結(jié)果是一款“防水、輕便、攜帶方便”的睡袋。A. result結(jié)果；B. relief寬慰；C. methd方法；D. prduce產(chǎn)品。由下文的“a sleeping bag that is “waterprf, lightweight, and easy t carry arund,””可知，此處指用空薯片袋制作出來的成品睡袋結(jié)果是怎樣的。故選A項(xiàng)。
【32題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：自2020年啟動以來，Chip Bag Prject已經(jīng)積累了80多萬個空薯片袋，截至去年12月，已經(jīng)創(chuàng)造了110個睡袋。A. made制造；B. decrated裝飾；C. accumulated積累；D. charged收費(fèi)。由上文的“Oleita and her vlunteer helpers cllect them”和本處的“Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Prject has____12____mre than 800, 000 chip bags”可知，此處指自Chip Bag Prject啟動以來，一共積累了80多萬個空薯片袋。故選C項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
考查介詞短語辨析。句意：自2020年啟動以來，Chip Bag Prject已經(jīng)積累了80多萬個空薯片袋，截至去年12月，已經(jīng)創(chuàng)造了110個睡袋。A. in terms f在……方面；B. regardless f不管；C. instead f代替；D. as f在……時、截至。由下文的“l(fā)ast December, created 110 sleeping bags”可知，應(yīng)該是截至去年12月，已經(jīng)制作了110個睡袋，呼應(yīng)上文的時間“Since its start in 2020”。故選D項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)然，籌集資金購買新睡袋會更簡單。A. busier更忙的；B. simpler更簡單的；C. heavier更重的；D. smaller更小的。由下文的“t raise the mney t buy new sleeping bags”可知，比起收集空薯片袋縫制睡袋，籌錢買睡袋會更簡單。故選B項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但對于Oleita來說，這個項(xiàng)目僅僅是目標(biāo)的一半，10年前，Oleita的家人從尼日利亞搬到了美國，希望能過上更好的生活，她和她的志愿者同伴們也是如此。A. gal目標(biāo)；B. stage舞臺；C. prcedure程序；D. chance機(jī)會。由上文的“Then she can turn them int sleeping bags fr the hmeless.”和下文的“We are dedicated t making an impact nt nly____16____but envirnmentally”可知，Eradajere Oleita收集空薯片袋縫制睡袋有兩個目標(biāo)（既于環(huán)境有益，又于社會有益——減少貧困），給無家可歸者提供睡袋讓他們生活上過好點(diǎn)，只是這個項(xiàng)目的一半目標(biāo)。故選A項(xiàng)。
【36題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“我們致力于不僅在社會上，而且在環(huán)境上產(chǎn)生影響，”她說。A. bjectively客觀地；B. plitically政治上；C. scially社會上；D. secretly秘密地。由上文語境可知，Eradajere Oleita收集空薯片袋縫制睡袋，送給無家可歸者，讓他們生活上過好點(diǎn)，她和志愿者同伴們所做的事情會對社會產(chǎn)生積極影響。故選C項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)然，還有回收空薯片袋和用來幫助無家可歸的人的象征意義，否則這些空薯片袋就會落在垃圾桶里。A. mrever而且；B. therwise否則；C. instead相反；D. besides此外。由本處的“recycling bags that wuld____17____land in the trash”可知，此處假設(shè)相反的情況，如果不回收空薯片袋，這些空薯片袋就會被扔到垃圾桶里。故選B項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個強(qiáng)有力的提醒，環(huán)境問題和貧困往往是密切相關(guān)的。A. reprt報(bào)告；B. blame責(zé)備；C. reminder提醒的事物；D. slutin解決方法。由上文的“tw f their cuntry’s persistent prblems: garbage and pverty”可知，她的國家長期以來存在垃圾和貧困問題，這一直在提醒著人們。故選C項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個強(qiáng)有力的提醒，環(huán)境問題和貧困往往是密切相關(guān)的。A. prblems問題；B. grups團(tuán)隊(duì)；C. regulatins規(guī)章制度；D. prtectin保護(hù)。由上文的“tw f their cuntry’s persistent prblems: garbage and pverty”可知，她的國家長期以來存在垃圾和貧困問題。故選A項(xiàng)。
【40題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Oleita告訴lcalnews. cm，“我認(rèn)為是時候展示所有這些問題之間的聯(lián)系了?！盇. divisins分開；B. similarities相似；C. messages信息；D. cnnectins聯(lián)系。由上文的“envirnmental____19____and pverty ften g hand in hand”可知，環(huán)境問題和貧困往往是密切相關(guān)的，Oleita認(rèn)為所有這些問題都有聯(lián)系。故選D項(xiàng)。
第II卷 非選擇題
第二節(jié) (共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Rujiam,als called rugam, is ne f the mst ppular Chinese snacks. Despite its ___41___ (cmpare)t a hamburger, it carries far mre gegraphical and histrical meaning.
Rujiam is____42____(clse) assciated with the nrth-central city f Xi’an, in Shaanxi prvince. Since 202 BCE, Xi’an has been bth the eastern terminal f the Silk Rad and the capital fr 13 mre-r-less successive Chinese___43___(dynasty).
Traditinally, Rujiam mainly cnsists f tw parts--the flatbread and the filling. The meat preparatin used t make the filling fr rujiam dates back____44____the Warring States perid. The intrductin int China f Central Asian-style flatbreads, like the kind used in rujiam, in general,___45___(we) t Ban Cha, a Chinese general wh spent ver 30 years battling____46____unin f nmadic(游牧的)tribes t regain cntrl f the farthest western reaches f China. The flatbread bun, called baijim, takes its name frm____47____is tday knwn as Beiji twnship. There exist differences between the flatbreads used fr different districts in Shaanxi. Fr example, the flatbread used fr Tngguan rujiam is unlike___48___used in the Xi’an style. Tngguan rujiam,was named after a twn that, in days lng past, ____49____guard)a strategic pass rughly 120km east f Xi’an.
Despite its tasty flavr, it’s risky____50____(eat) n the g. Prper rujiam is filled t bursting, regardless f the ptential cnsequences fr ne’s clthes and dry-cleaning budget.
【答案】41. cmparisn
42. clsely
43. dynasties
44. t 45. is wed
46. a 47. what
48. that 49. guarded
50. t eat
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國的小吃肉夾饃的歷史以及特點(diǎn)。
【41題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：盡管它被比作漢堡包，但它承載著更多的地理和歷史意義。形容詞性物主代詞its修飾名詞，作賓語，應(yīng)用名詞cmparisn，不可數(shù)。故填cmparisn。
【42題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：肉夾饃與陜西省中北部城市西安有著密切聯(lián)系。修飾形容詞assciated應(yīng)用副詞clsely，故填clsely。
【43題詳解】
考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：自公元前202年以來，西安既是絲綢之路的東端，也是中國13個差不多連續(xù)的朝代的首都。dynasty為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)上文13 mre-r-less successive Chinese可知用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填dynasties。
【44題詳解】
考查固定短語。句意：肉夾饃的餡料可以追溯到戰(zhàn)國時期。短語date back t表示“追溯到”。故填t。
【45題詳解】
考查固定短語。句意：一般來說，中亞風(fēng)格的面餅（比如肉夾饃中的面餅）傳入中國要?dú)w功于中國將軍班超，他花了30多年時間與游牧部落聯(lián)盟作戰(zhàn)，重新奪回了對中國最西部地區(qū)的控制。主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，陳述事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為The intrductin int China f Central Asian-style flatbreads，謂語用單數(shù)。故填is wed。
【46題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：一般來說，中亞風(fēng)格的面餅（比如肉夾饃中的面餅）傳入中國要?dú)w功于中國將軍班超，他花了30多年時間與游牧部落聯(lián)盟作戰(zhàn)，重新奪回了對中國最西部地區(qū)的控制。此處為短語a unin f表示“團(tuán)結(jié)”。故填a。
【47題詳解】
考查賓語從句。句意：這種被稱為“白吉饃”的饅頭得名于今天的北集鄉(xiāng)。引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句缺少主語，指物，故填what。
【48題詳解】
考查代詞。句意：例如，銅關(guān)肉夾饃所用的面餅與西安風(fēng)味的面餅不同。此處指上文同類事物flatbread，后跟定語，應(yīng)用代詞that。故填that。
【49題詳解】
考查時態(tài)。句意：銅關(guān)肉夾饃得名于一個小鎮(zhèn)，在很久以前，它守衛(wèi)著西安以東約120公里處的一個戰(zhàn)略關(guān)口。根據(jù)上文in days lng past可知為一般過去時。故填guarded。
【50題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：盡管味道鮮美，但在路上吃也是有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的。此處為it be adj. t d sth.，it作形式主語，不定式為真正主語。故填t eat。
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)
第一節(jié) 短文改錯(共10小題:每小題1分，滿分10分)
51. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處.每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號() 并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。
As we all knw, a year cnsists f fur seasns, each f them has its wn features. Hwever, my favurite ne is summer. The reasns are as fllwed.
First f all, summer was “ht”. I am nt just referring t temperature. Peple as well becme enthusiastic. In summer, peple will g t skating, swimming, running, climbing and anything excited. Besides, sceneries in summer is the mst appealing, which causes peple t g ut and feels the vivid life surrunding them.
In my pinins, fur seasns make a cmplete circle f the year, r at least ne seasn is yur cup f tea, just as summer is mine.
【答案】1. them→which或在each前加and
2. fllwed→fllws
3. was→is
4. 在temperature前加the
5. 刪除g后的t
6. excited→exciting
7. sceneries→scenery
8. feels→feel
9. pinins→pinin
10. r→and
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了作者喜歡夏季的原因。
【詳解】1.考查定語從句或者并列句。句意：我們都知道，一年有四個季節(jié)，每個季節(jié)都有自己的特點(diǎn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“each f them has its wn features”可以視為定語從句，先行詞為fur seasns，在從句中作f的賓語，指物，用關(guān)系代詞which，或者each前加and，改為并列句，前后文是并列關(guān)系，故將them改為which或者each前加and。
2.考查固定短語。句意：原因如下。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為固定短語，表示“如下”應(yīng)為as fllws。故將fllwed改為fllws。
3.考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：首先，夏天很“熱”。根據(jù)本段的內(nèi)容以及下文中的謂語動詞am和becme等可知，此處講述的是客觀事實(shí)，所以應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是名詞單數(shù)。故將was改為is。
4.考查冠詞。句意：我指的不僅僅是溫度。結(jié)合句意可知，此處的“temperature”指的是夏季的溫度，所以為特指。故在temperature前加the。
5.考查固定短語。句意：在夏天，人們會去滑冰、游泳、跑步、爬山，并做任何令人興奮的事情。分析句子可知，表示“去滑冰”應(yīng)為固定短語，英語表達(dá)為g skating。故刪除g后的t。
6.考查形容詞。句意：在夏天，人們會去滑冰、游泳、跑步、爬山，并做任何令人興奮的事情。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)為形容詞作后置定語修飾不定代詞anything，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“令人興奮的”應(yīng)為exciting，excited表示“興奮的”通常修飾人的感受。故將excited改為exciting。
7.考查名詞。句意：此外，夏天的風(fēng)景是最吸引人的，這使人們走出去，感受周圍生動的生活。分析句子可知，此處名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語，謂語動詞為is，主謂不一致，而scenery的意思是“風(fēng)景”，為不可數(shù)名詞。故將sceneries改為scenery。
8.考查不定式。句意：此外，夏天的風(fēng)景是最吸引人的，它使人們走出去，感受周圍生動的生活。根據(jù)句意可知，此處人們走出去和享受生活為并列結(jié)構(gòu)，都是不定式作causes peple的賓補(bǔ)，t feel前面省略t。故將feels改為feel。
9.考查名詞。句意：在我看來，一年四季是一個完整的輪回，至少有一個季節(jié)是你的最愛，就像夏天是我的最愛一樣。根據(jù)句意，“我的觀點(diǎn)”用單數(shù)pinin。故將pinins改為pinin。
10.考查連詞。句意：在我看來，一年四季是一個完整的輪回，至少有一個季節(jié)是你的最愛，就像夏天是我的最愛一樣。結(jié)合句意可知，“fur seasns make a cmpletely circle f the year”與下文中的“at least ne seasn is yur cup f tea”為并列關(guān)系，而不是選擇關(guān)系。故將r改為and。
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá) (滿分25分)
52. 假定你是李華，將去北京參加暑期中學(xué)生英語演講比賽。你在準(zhǔn)備過程中遇到了困難，請用英語給美國好友Tm寫一封信。內(nèi)容包括：
1. 求助內(nèi)容；
2. 希望得到幫助；
3. 邀請觀看比賽。
注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右；
2. 適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
3. 文章開頭、結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Tm,
Hw are yu getting n?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tm,
Hw are yu getting n? With the summer vacatin drawing near, I’m t participate in an English speech cntest f middle schl students t be held in Beijing. Faced with s many challenges in the curse f the preparatin, I have n alternative but t turn t yu (in the hpe that yu will be s kind as t d me a favr).
First and fremst, I find it exceedingly challenging fr me t cllect sme useful infrmatin n the Internet(, withut which my speech wuldn’t be rich in cntent). Besides, I have a great desire t plish my spken English, especially the prnunciatin and intnatin. Nthing culd be better if yu culd lend me a helping hand with respect t these prblems.
(In the meanwhile,) I’d like t extend my warmest invitatin t yu t make a trip t Beijing t enjy the cmpetitin in persn. Lking frward t yur presence.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，假定學(xué)生是李華，在準(zhǔn)備去北京參加的中學(xué)生英語演講比賽中遇到了困難，要向自己的美國好友Tm寫一封求助信并邀請他來觀看比賽。內(nèi)容包括求助的內(nèi)容并希望得到幫助。
【詳解】1. 詞匯積累
參加：participate in→ take part in/ invlve in
幫忙：d a favr→ give a hand
非常：exceedingly→ extremely
除此之外：besides→ mrever/additinally
2. 句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：With the summer vacatin drawing near, I’m t participate in an English speech cntest f middle schl students t be held in Beijing.
復(fù)合句：With the summer vacatin drawing near, I’m t participate in an English speech cntest f middle schl students which will be held in Beijing.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】 Faced with s many challenges in the curse f the preparatin, I have n alternative but t turn t yu (in the hpe that yu will be s kind as t d me a favr).（運(yùn)用了過去分詞短語作狀語和that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句）
【高分句型2】I find it exceedingly challenging fr me t cllect sme useful infrmatin n the Internet(, withut which my speech wuldn’t be rich in cntent).（運(yùn)用了it作形式賓語和介詞+which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）

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