?高一英語
本試卷共10頁。滿分150分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。
注意事項：
1.答卷前，務(wù)必用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆將自己的姓名、座號、考生號填寫在答題卡上。
2.選擇題，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑;如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。筆答題，用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆將答案寫在答題卡上。不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。
第一題 聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. What does the woman want to do?
A. Write a letter. B. Drive to her office. C. Go to the post office.
2. What will the man do tonight?
A. Go to the concert. B. Work overtime. C. Watch TV.
3. How many languages can the man speak?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
4. Why is the man so excited?
A. Because he is going home.
B. Because he’ll take the earliest flight.
C. Because he’ll pick up his parents at the airport.
5. What sport does the man most enjoy watching?
A. Hockey. B. Football. C. Basketball.
第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7題。
6. What is Mrs. Smith going to do soon?
A. Look for a new job. B. Go back to England. C. Teach another subject.
7. What will the speakers do next?
A. Collect money. B. Buy some flowers. C. Discuss with others.
聽下面一段對話，回答第8和第9題。
8. What is the weather like in the man’s hometown?
A. It snows a lot in the winter.
B. It is really hot in the summer.
C. It stays the same the whole year round.
9. What do we know about the woman’s city?
A. The climate is pleasant.
B. A big lake lies outside it.
C. Citizens enjoy winter swimming.
聽下面一段對話，回答第10至第12題。
10. From which city did the man fly to London?
A. New York. B. Paris. C. Beijing.
11. Why did the man stay in London for only one night?
A. His schedule was tight.
B. He had visited it several times.
C. He wanted to spend more time by the water.
12. What was the best part of the man’s trip?
A. The food. B. The beach. C. The low cost.
聽下面一段對話，回答第13至第16題。
13. Who is the man?
A. A shop assistant. B. A repairman. C. A manager.
14. When did the woman realize that the camera was broken?
A. Two days ago. B. Last night. C. This morning.
15. What does the woman want to do?
A. Get her money back. B. Have her camera fixed. C. Exchange for a new camera.
16. How might the woman feel at the end of the conversation?
A. Happy. B. Disappointed. C. Annoyed.
聽下面一段獨白，回答第17至第20題。
17 When is the school open day?
A. On October 24th. B. On October 25th. C. On October 26th.
18. Who will show a film?
A. Mr. Brown. B. Miss Hopkins. C. David.
19. What will Doctor Potter do in the evening?
A. Run a workshop about recycling.
B. Do an experiment about air pollution.
C. Give a speech on environmental protection.
20. What’s the purpose of the text?
A. To sell books.
B. To introduce school activities.
C. To discuss environmental issues.
第二題 閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
A
Raising awareness of a serious issue begins with its being visible to students. Amazon has some fantastic things for classroom walls that you can get at a reasonable price.

Hitting, kicking,
slapping, spitting,
pushing, blocking
Stealing or destroying
someone’s possessions
Making rude hand
gestures (手勢)
Touching in unwanted
& improper ways
Name calling
Insults (辱罵)
Teasing
Improper sexual
comments
Threatening to
cause harm
Lying & spreading
rumors (謠言)
Telling others not to
be friends with
someone
Embarrassing
someone in public
Damaging someone’s
social relationships
Posting/sending hurtful
texts, emails or posts,
images or videos
Making online threats
Imitating others online
or using their log-in
Spreading unkind
rumors online


1. What is the poster about?
A. The types of bullying. B. The ways of anti-bullying.
C. The causes of bullying. D. The effects of anti-bullying.
2. Which of the following does sending hurtful emails belong to?
A. Physical bullying. B. Verbal bullying.
C. Social bullying. D. Cyber bullying.
3. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To sell posters. B. To report a bullying survey.
C. To fight against bullying. D. To reveal a rise in bullying.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。本文是亞馬遜推銷有關(guān)網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌的用于教室墻上張貼的海報的廣告。
【1題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Amazon has some fantastic things for classroom walls that you can get at a reasonable price.( 亞馬遜有一些很好的你可以以合理的價格買到的用于教室墻上的東西。)”以及圖標中提到的Physical Bully，Verbal Bullying，Social Bullying，Cyber Bullying可知，海報是關(guān)于欺凌類型的。故選A。
【2題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四欄“Posting/sending hurtful texts, emails or posts, images or videos(發(fā)布/發(fā)送的短信、郵件或帖子，圖片或視頻)”可知，發(fā)布有害的電子郵件屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌。故選D。
【3題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Amazon has some fantastic things for classroom walls that you can get at a reasonable price.( 亞馬遜有一些很好的你可以以合理的價格買到的用于教室墻上的東西。)”可知，文章的目的是銷售海報。故選A。
B
Over the summer of 2022, staff at the San Diego Zoo welcomed 41 baby turtles (海龜) from the Indian narrow-headed softshell turtle species, which is native to South Asia. It makes the Zoo the first officially recognized organization in North America to hatch (孵化) and raise the species.
[2] Three Indian narrow-headed softshell turtles have been at the Zoo for over 20 years. All that time, zoo staff had been hoping they would one day reproduce. “This is a thrilling moment for us, and an incredible step forward in the protection of this species,” said Kim Gray, director of the Zoo.
The eggs were found in two separate nests (窩). Some of the turtles hatched in their habitat, while most of the eggs were stored in an artificial box to create the best conditions for survival. Turtle experts at the zoo say eggs in the habitat are often difficult to find, as the turtles like to lay their eggs overnight and cover them with dirt.
The species is listed as endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List, though it’s unclear how many remain in the wild. Environmental pollution, habitat destruction, the international pet trade and human food harvesting have all led to the species’ reduction over the years.
“We have been caring for these turtles for a very long time, and part of that care is to gain a greater understanding of the species’ natural history,” Kim Gray added. “With the knowledge we gain here at the Zoo, we can better assist our partners in India to help this essential species develop and grow in their native habitat.”
4. Why did Kim Gray feel excited at this reproduction?
A. The Zoo got officially recognized.
B. An endangered turtle species was saved.
C. It was a breakthrough in turtle protection.
D. A great many turtles were hatched at once.
5. What made the turtle eggs in the habitat hard to find?
A. Their dark color. B. The low light at night.
C. The artificial box. D. Their being sand-covered.
6. What does Paragraph 4 focus on about the turtles?
A. Factors endangering them. B. Human activities to save them.
C. Their existing number in the wild. D. The time when listed as endangered.
7. Who might be interested in the text?
A. Pet lovers. B. Zoo visitors. C. Zoologists. D. Environmentalists.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了圣地亞哥動物園的工作人員迎來了41只小海龜，它們來自印度窄頭軟殼龜物種，原產(chǎn)于南亞。這使得動物園成為北美第一個官方認可的孵化和飼養(yǎng)該物種的組織。
【4題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段““This is a thrilling moment for us, and an incredible step forward in the protection of this species,” said Kim Gray, director of the Zoo.(動物園園長Kim Gray說：“對我們來說是激動人心的時刻，也是保護這一物種向前邁出的不可思議的一步?！?”可知，這一成功標志著在海龜保護方面取得了突破。故選C。
【5題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Turtle experts at the zoo say eggs in the habitat are often difficult to find, as the turtles like to lay their eggs overnight and cover them with dirt.(動物園的海龜專家說，海龜?shù)巴ǔ：茈y在棲息地找到，因為海龜喜歡在夜間產(chǎn)卵，并在上面蓋上泥土。)”可知，海龜?shù)半y找的原因是因為海龜會在蛋上面蓋上泥土。故選D。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“The species is listed as endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List, though it’s unclear how many remain in the wild. Environmental pollution, habitat destruction, the international pet trade and human food harvesting have all led to the species’ reduction over the years.(該物種被國際自然保護聯(lián)盟列為瀕危物種，但目前尚不清楚野外還有多少。多年來，環(huán)境污染、棲息地破壞、國際寵物貿(mào)易和人類食物捕撈都導(dǎo)致了該物種的減少。)”可知，第四段主要講述的是海龜瀕危的原因。故選A。
【7題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主要內(nèi)容以及最后一段““We have been caring for these turtles for a very long time, and part of that care is to gain a greater understanding of the species’ natural history,” Kim Gray added. “With the knowledge we gain here at the Zoo, we can better assist our partners in India to help this essential species develop and grow in their native habitat.”(Kim Gray補充說：“我們照顧這些海龜已經(jīng)很長時間了，這種照顧的一部分是為了更好地了解這個物種的自然史。憑借我們在動物園獲得的知識，我們可以更好地幫助我們在印度的合作伙伴，幫助這種重要物種在它們的原生棲息地發(fā)展和生長。”)”可知，這些小海龜?shù)某錾饬x非凡，可以幫助保護瀕危物種。所以對這篇文章最感興趣的人應(yīng)該是動物學(xué)家。故選C。
C
Mindful eating is maintaining an in-the-moment awareness of the food and drink you put into your body. For many of us, our busy daily lives often make mealtimes rushed things. We find ourselves eating in the car going to work, at the desk in front of a computer screen, or parked on the couch watching TV. We eat mindlessly, taking food down regardless of whether we’re still hungry or not. In fact, we often eat for other reasons instead of hunger — to satisfy emotional needs, to free from stress, or deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, anxiety, loneliness, or boredom. Mindful eating is the opposite of this kind of unhealthy “mindless” eating.
Mindful eating isn’t about being perfect, always eating the right things, or never allowing yourself to eat on-the-go again. And it’s not about establishing strict rules for which foods you have to include or avoid in your diet. Rather, it’s about focusing all your senses and being present as you shop for, cook, serve, and eat your food.
While mindfulness isn’t for everyone, many people find it worth trying. By paying close attention to how you feel as you eat, you can learn to enjoy both your food and the experience of eating. It can keep you full with less food, and influence wiser choices about what you eat in the future. It can also help you free yourself from unhealthy habits.
To practice mindfulness you need to participate in an activity with total awareness. In the case of mindful eating, it’s important to eat with all your attention rather than on multitasking (reading, watching TV, daydreaming, etc). When your attention moves away, gently bring it back to your food and the experience of cooking, serving, and eating.
8. Which belongs to mindful eating?
A. Eating while driving. B. Eating as quickly as possible.
C. Eating to fill emotional needs. D. Eating only to satisfy physical hunger.
9. What does the underlined word “on-the-go” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Rudely. B. Crazily. C. Irregularly. D. Hurriedly.
10. What’s the author’s attitude towards mindful eating?
A. It’s a trend in weight loss. B. It’s worthwhile to have a go.
C. It’s a universal rule of diet. D. It’s helpful to keep energetic.
11. What might be talked about in the following paragraph?
A. The benefits of mindful eating. B. The practice of mindful eating.
C. The reasons for mindful eating. D. The spread of mindful eating.
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了正念飲食，介紹了正念飲食的概念以及如何練習正念飲食。
【8題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“In fact, we often eat for other reasons instead of hunger — to satisfy emotional needs, to free from stress, or deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, anxiety, loneliness, or boredom. Mindful eating is the opposite of this kind of unhealthy “mindless” eating.(事實上，我們經(jīng)常因為其他原因而不是饑餓而吃東西——滿足情感需求，擺脫壓力，或處理不愉快的情緒，如悲傷、焦慮、孤獨或無聊。正念飲食是這種不健康的“無意識”飲食的對立面。)”可知，作者認為我們經(jīng)常因為其他原因而不是饑餓而吃東西，而正念飲食恰恰相反，也就是說正念飲食指的是我們因為饑餓而吃東西。故選D。
【9題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上一句“Mindful eating isn’t about being perfect, always eating the right things,(正念飲食并不是說要做到完美，)”可知，這里講述的應(yīng)該是人們對于正念飲食的誤解，劃線單詞前是“always eating the right things(總是吃正確的東西)”，這是人們普遍認為的良好的飲食習慣，由此判斷，劃線單詞和上文的never構(gòu)成人們普遍認可的良好飲食習慣。選項A“Rudely(粗魯)”；選項B“Crazily(瘋狂)”；選項C“Irregularly (沒有規(guī)律地)”；選項D“Hurriedly.(匆忙地)”。表示飲食習慣的為hurriedly，同時也和下文“Rather, it’s about focusing all your senses and being present as you shop for, cook, serve, and eat your food.(相反，它是關(guān)于集中你所有的感官，在你購物、做飯、端菜和吃食物的時候活在當下。)”中的專注保持一致。故選D。
【10題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“While mindfulness isn’t for everyone, many people find it worth trying. By paying close attention to how you feel as you eat, you can learn to enjoy both your food and the experience of eating. It can keep you full with less food, and influence wiser choices about what you eat in the future. It can also help you free yourself from unhealthy habits.(雖然正念并不適合所有人，但許多人認為它值得一試。通過密切關(guān)注你吃東西時的感覺，你可以學(xué)會享受你的食物和吃的體驗。它可以讓你在少吃的情況下保持飽腹感，并影響你未來對飲食的明智選擇。它還可以幫助你擺脫不健康的習慣。)”可知，作者認為正念飲食有很多優(yōu)點，所以是值得一試的。故選B。
【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容“To practice mindfulness, you need to participate in an activity with total awareness. In the case of mindful eating, it’s important to eat with all your attention rather than on multitasking (reading, watching TV, daydreaming, etc). When your attention moves away, gently bring it back to your food and the experience of cooking, serving, and eating. (要練習正念，你需要完全有意識地參與一項活動。在正念飲食的情況下，重要的是要全神貫注地吃飯，而不是一心多用(閱讀、看電視、做白日夢等)。當你的注意力轉(zhuǎn)移時，輕輕地把它帶回到你的食物和烹飪、上菜和吃的體驗上。)”可知，這一段作者開始引出想要練習正念飲食需要注意哪些內(nèi)容。由此判斷，接下來作者將要介紹練習正念飲食的具體做法。故選B。
D
Meng Wang is a professor of human genetics. She’s been doing experiments about one of the most exciting new areas of medicine — our microbiome (微生物群).
You can’t see it with the naked eye, but our microbiome is all over (and inside of) us. Recent studies show that it can influence how we behave and even how well we respond to different drugs. Wang says, “Sometimes our microbiomes make us sick, but on the other hand, they also play a very important role in keeping us healthy.”
Wang wanted to know whether our microbiome could influence aging. To test it, she decided to work with a kind of worm (蟲子) that lives only two or three weeks. Her question was, what would happen if you changed a worm’s microbiome. Would it be able to live for longer?
Wang chose one of the types of bacteria (細菌) that lives inside a worm, changed its genes (基因) so as to make different varieties, and then fed this bacteria to the worms. Three weeks later — by the time they should have all died — she checked on them. To her excitement, she found that the worms had not died. Older worms usually act slowly. The ones with the new microbiomes, however, not only moved around more quickly in their old age, but were less likely affected by illness too.
Wang is now carrying out tests on mice to see whether changing their microbiomes can influence their lives in a similar way. There is a chance that one day we might take pills which do the same of us. How much longer could this possibly allow us to live for? “Personally, I think 100 is already a good number,” says Wang.
12. What influence does Microbiome have on us according to recent studies?
A. Impacting our behavior. B. Lengthening lifespan.
C. Increasing drug resistance. D. Leading to deadly illness.
13. What was the result of Meng Wang’s experiment?
A. The worms grew bigger in size.
B. The worms kept active at old age.
C. The worms were free from illness.
D. The worms developed into new varieties.
14. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Man can live as long as 100. B. Microbiome works on mice similarly.
C. More tests need to be made. D. Wang will develop anti-aging pills soon.
15. Which might be the best title?
A. Microbiome: the hope of longer life? B. Tips for scientific research
C. Meng Wang: leading scientist of genetics D. Into the world of Microbiome
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章講述最近的研究表明，微生物群可以影響我們的行為方式，甚至影響我們對不同藥物的反應(yīng)，進而影響我們的壽命。
【12題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“You can’t see it with the naked eye, but our microbiome is all over (and inside of) us. Recent studies show that it can influence how we behave and even how well we respond to different drugs.(你用肉眼看不到，但我們的微生物群遍布我們的全身（和體內(nèi)）。最近的研究表明，它可以影響我們的行為方式，甚至影響我們對不同藥物的反應(yīng)。)”可知，根據(jù)最近的研究表明，微生物群影響我們的行為。故選A。
【13題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“To her excitement, she found that the worms had not died. Older worms usually act slowly. The ones with the new microbiomes, however, not only moved around more quickly in their old age, but were less likely affected by illness too.(令她興奮的是，她發(fā)現(xiàn)蟲子并沒有死。年長的蠕蟲通常行動緩慢。然而，擁有新微生物群的不僅在老年時移動得更快，而且也不太可能受到疾病的影響。)”可知，在老年時擁有了新微生物群的蠕蟲是活躍地。故選B。
【14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Wang is now carrying out tests on mice to see whether changing their microbiomes can influence their lives in a similar way. There is a chance that one day we might take pills which do the same of us. (王現(xiàn)在正在老鼠身上進行實驗，看看改變它們的微生物群是否會以類似的方式影響它們的生活。也許有一天，我們服用的藥片也能起到同樣的作用。)”可知，還需要進行更多地試驗才能得出結(jié)論。故選C。
【15題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的“You can’t see it with the naked eye, but our microbiome is all over (and inside of) us. Recent studies show that it can influence how we behave and even how well we respond to different drugs.(你用肉眼看不到，但我們的微生物群遍布我們的全身（和體內(nèi)）。最近的研究表明，它可以影響我們的行為方式，甚至影響我們對不同藥物的反應(yīng)。)”和下文內(nèi)容對實驗過程以及結(jié)果的講述以及最后一段的“How much longer could this possibly allow us to live for? “Personally, I think 100 is already a good number,” says Wang.”(這可能允許我們活多久？“就我個人而言，我認為100已經(jīng)是一個不錯的數(shù)字了，”王說。)”可知，本文主要講述了研究表明微生物群可能會影響我們的壽命，因此推斷A項“微生物群系：更長壽的希望嗎？”為最佳標題。故選A。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Close friends have many benefits, but research shows that having “weak-tie” friendships is as valuable — or even more — as strong ones. Sociology professor Mark Granovetter published a study called “The Strength of Weak Ties” in 1973. ____16____
There are two types of “circles” when it comes to a person’s social world: the inner and outer circles. ____17____ Meanwhile, people whom we talk to but not often belong to the outer circle. Granovetter refers to them as “strong” and “weak” ties. He points out the importance of weak ties when it comes to learning new information and ideas.
Some companies design their buildings with the intention of letting people meet by chance in a specific area. For example, Pixar has a large, central hall where employees come across each other and start small talks. Scientists have also found that weak ties create a better, happier atmosphere.
____18____ On the other hand, we run out of (缺少) things to share with our friends when we get the chance to talk to them. Sometimes it’s harder to talk to people we know well because those conversations come with an emotional burden during the pandemic (流行病). But this doesn’t mean we have to stop here.
As stated in Granovetter’s work, we get more information from weak ties. Take advantage of the pandemic by asking your friends how they are. ____19____ This way, we can get ideas to figure out how we should behave. It is pointed out that right now, social media is the best replacement for small talks. Sparking a small talk is a way to show that you care without using much of your time, attention, and energy. ____20____
A. That is the secret behind “weak-tie” friendships.
B. The study makes people value close friends in another way.
C. And then ask how they’re dealing with the current situation.
D. Social interactions nowadays are limited due to the COVID-19.
E. Close friends we feel comfortable with belong to the inner circle.
F. There, he explains that weak ties are important in friendship as well.
G. Because of the COVID-19, the world has seen a change in behaviors.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章對“弱關(guān)系”友誼進行了相關(guān)介紹。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“Sociology professor Mark Granovetter published a study called “The Strength of Weak Ties” in 1973.（社會學(xué)教授馬克·格蘭諾維特在1973年發(fā)表了一項名為“弱關(guān)系的力量”的研究。）”可知，F(xiàn)選項“There, he explains that weak ties are important in friendship as well.（他在書中解釋說，弱關(guān)系在友誼中也很重要。）”話題一致，是對前一句的進一步說明，同時選項中的he指的就是前面提到的Mark Granovetter。故選F項。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“There are two types of “circles” when it comes to a person’s social world: the inner and outer circles.（在一個人的社交世界中有兩種“圈子”：內(nèi)部圈子和外部圈子。）”可知，E選項“Close friends we feel comfortable with belong to the inner circle.（讓我們感到舒服的親密朋友屬于內(nèi)部圈子。）”是對上句提到inner circles的進一步解釋， inner circle也是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選E項。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)空處下句“On the other hand, we run out of (缺少) things to share with our friends when we get the chance to talk to them.（另一方面，當我們有機會和朋友聊天的時候，我們就會缺少可以和他們分享的東西。）”可知，這與D選項“Social interactions nowadays are limited due to the COVID-19.（由于新冠肺炎疫情，現(xiàn)在的社交活動非常有限。）”形成對比，前后話題也一致，講述的是我們很少有機會參加社交，即使參加社交，也會缺少可以分享的東西。故選D項。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“Take advantage of the pandemic by asking your friends how they are. （借疫情這個機會，問問你的朋友們過得怎么樣。）”可知，這與C選項“And then ask how they’re dealing with the current situation.（然后問他們是如何處理目前的情況的。）”內(nèi)容一致，均是在介紹一些具體措施與方法。且選項中的they指代的就是空前的your friends。故選C項。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“Sparking a small talk is a way to show that you care without using much of your time, attention, and energy.（閑聊是一種不用花費你太多時間、注意力和精力就能表達你關(guān)心的方式。）”可知，A選項“That is the secret behind “weak-tie” friendships.（這就是“弱關(guān)系”友誼背后的秘密。）”是對空前的總結(jié)，空前是對“弱關(guān)系”友誼相關(guān)好處的具體介紹。故選A項。
第三題 選詞填空(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從方框中選出能填入文中空白處的最合適的單詞。注意，其中有兩個多余選項。
A. internet B. careers C. popularize D. invited E. national F. introducing
G. titles H. cultural I. understand J. attracting K. platform L. practising
Zhang Hanliang, a martial arts teacher at Tianshui Normal University in Gansu province, has produced many traditional Chinese martial arts videos in the past years, ____21____ sixteen million viewers at home and abroad on the online ____22____ Bilibili.
Zhang, now 35 years old, has been ____23____ martial arts since she was seven. Thanks to her hard work, Zhang won her first sword (劍) championship in Gansu province at 13. She then got sword and spear titles at a ____24____ level when she was 17, and at 20, she won a series of championship titles in various categories. In 2007, Zhang began to work as a martial arts teacher at Tianshui Normal University, getting new ____25____ such as first-class national athlete and first-class national judge of martial arts.
In addition to her daily teaching tasks, Zhang has been ____26____ to France, Russia, Malaysia and other countries many times to teach martial arts. “Martial arts can be a bridge for ____27____ exchanges between China and other countries,” said Zhang, adding that she wanted to ____28____ martial arts to the audience through the ____29____. And she hoped more and more foreigners could _____30_____ and love martial arts.
【答案】21. J 22. K
23. L 24. E
25. G 26. D
27. H 28. C
29. A 30. I
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了甘肅天水師范學(xué)院的一名武術(shù)老師張漢良制作了許多中國傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)視頻，在嗶哩嗶哩在線平臺上吸引了1600萬國內(nèi)外觀眾。
【21題詳解】
考查動詞。句意：張漢良是甘肅天水師范學(xué)院的一名武術(shù)老師，在過去的幾年里，他制作了許多中國傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)視頻，在嗶哩嗶哩在線平臺上吸引了1600萬國內(nèi)外觀眾。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“吸引”應(yīng)為attracting。故選J項。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：張漢良是甘肅天水師范學(xué)院的一名武術(shù)老師，在過去的幾年里，他制作了許多中國傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)視頻，在嗶哩嗶哩在線平臺上吸引了1600萬國內(nèi)外觀眾。分析可知，空處由定冠詞the修飾，作介詞on的賓語，應(yīng)填名詞，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“平臺”，應(yīng)填platform。故選K項。
【23題詳解】
考查動詞。句意：今年35歲的張玉玲從7歲起就開始練習跳臺武術(shù)。根據(jù)since she was seven可知，本句描述從過去到現(xiàn)在一直進行的動作，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，所以空處應(yīng)填動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“練習”，應(yīng)填practising。故選L項。
【24題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：17歲時，她獲得了國家級別的劍和矛冠軍，20歲時，她在各種類別中贏得了一系列冠軍頭銜。分析可知，空處修飾名詞level作定語，應(yīng)填形容詞，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“國家的”，應(yīng)填national。故選E項。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：2007年開始在天水師范學(xué)院擔任武術(shù)教師，先后獲得國家一級運動員、國家一級武術(shù)裁判員等新稱號。分析可知，空處由形容詞new修飾，應(yīng)填名詞作動詞getting的賓語，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“頭銜”，應(yīng)填titles。故選G項。
【26題詳解】
考查動詞。句意：除了日常教學(xué)任務(wù)外，她還多次受邀前往法國、俄羅斯、馬來西亞等國家教授武術(shù)。分析可知，空處為現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)，空處應(yīng)填動詞的過去分詞形式，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“被邀請”，應(yīng)填invited。故選D項。
【27題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：“武術(shù)可以成為中國和其他國家文化交流的橋梁，”張說，并補充說她想通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)向觀眾普及武術(shù)。分析可知，空處修飾名詞exchanges，應(yīng)填形容詞作定語，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“文化的”，應(yīng)填cultural。故選H項。
【28題詳解】
考查動詞。句意：“武術(shù)可以成為中國和其他國家文化交流的橋梁，”張說，并補充說她想通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)向觀眾普及武術(shù)。分析可知，want to do sth.為固定搭配，表示“想要做某事”，所以空處應(yīng)填動詞原形，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“普及，推廣”，應(yīng)填popularize。故選C項。
【29題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：“武術(shù)可以成為中國和其他國家文化交流的橋梁，”張說，并補充說她想通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)向觀眾普及武術(shù)。分析可知，空處由定冠詞the修飾，應(yīng)填名詞作介詞through的賓語，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)”，應(yīng)填internet。故選A項。
【30題詳解】
考查動詞。句意：她希望越來越多的外國人能夠了解并熱愛武術(shù)。分析可知，空處位于情態(tài)動詞could之后，應(yīng)填動詞原形，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“理解”，應(yīng)填understand。故選I項。
第四題 單詞拼寫(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)
請根據(jù)漢語意思及首字母將單詞的完整形式寫在答題卡上。
31. His courage and d______ (決心) helped him win the play. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】determination##etermination
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：他的勇氣和決心幫助他贏得了這場戲。根據(jù)并列連詞and前名詞courage可知，用名詞形式，在句中作主語。根據(jù)中英文提示及句意，故填determination。
32. I am looking forward to e______ (探索) our new campus. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】exploring##xploring
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞。句意：我期待著探索我們的新校園。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及漢語提示可知應(yīng)填動詞explore，且上文為短語look forward to doing sth.。故填exploring。
33. The o______ (場合) is more enjoyable and the dishes taste better. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】occasion##ccasion
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：場合更令人愉快，菜肴味道更好。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及漢語提示可知應(yīng)填名詞occasion，作主語，結(jié)合is可知單數(shù)。故填occasion。
34. If you follow my advice, you’ll have two o______ (選擇) for your future. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】options##ptions
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：如果你聽從我的建議，你的未來將有兩個選擇。根據(jù)句意和首字母提示應(yīng)填option“選擇”作賓語，由two修飾用復(fù)數(shù)，故填options。
35. The digital age e______ (使能夠) us to find people who share our interests. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】enables##nables
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞。句意：數(shù)字時代使我們能夠找到志同道合的人。分析可知，本句描述的是一般事實，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時，結(jié)合漢語提示可知，應(yīng)填動詞enable，表示“使能夠”，且謂語動詞enable要與主語The digital age保持主謂一致，用單數(shù)。故填enables。
36. What are some tips that can help you out when d______ (防守) against them? (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】defending##efending
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：有什么建議可以幫助你抵御它們嗎？根據(jù)單詞首字母以及漢語提示可知應(yīng)填動詞defend，且與邏輯主語you為主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，故填defending。
37. When you open a dictionary, you often come across a lot of u_______(不熟悉) words. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】unfamiliar
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：當你打開字典時，你經(jīng)常會遇到很多你不熟悉的單詞。根據(jù)漢語提示，應(yīng)填形容詞unfamiliar作定語，修飾名詞words。故填unfamiliar。
38. The strawberry cheesecake is highly r______ (推薦) for its lovely sweet and fruity taste. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】recommended##ecommended
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞。句意：強烈推薦草莓芝士蛋糕，因為它美好的甜味和水果味。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及漢語提示可知應(yīng)填動詞recommend，與主語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合is可知為一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故填recommended。
39. The flat terrace catches the rainwater and p______ (阻止) the soil from being washed away. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】prevents##revents
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞。句意：平坦的露臺可以收集雨水，防止土壤被沖走。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及漢語提示可知應(yīng)填動詞prevent，結(jié)合上文The flat terrace catches the rainwater and可知為一般現(xiàn)在時，此處應(yīng)用prevent的三單形式和cathes是并列謂語。故填prevents。
40. The Revenge of Prince Zidan is a show that combines music, singing, drama, poetry and costume design with e______ (爆炸性的) effect. (根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)
【答案】explosive##xplosive
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：《王子復(fù)仇記》是一場融合了音樂、演唱、戲劇、詩歌以及驚艷服飾表演。分析可知，空處應(yīng)填形容詞修飾名詞effect，作定語，結(jié)合漢語提示可知，空處應(yīng)填形容詞explosive，表示“爆炸性的”。故填explosive。
第五題 短文填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
When Zheng Yaling, 21, received her admission letter (錄取通知書) from Hunan University two years ago, she ____41____ (immediate) started looking up Hunan province on the internet. Born ____42____ raised in Jiayi, Taiwan, Zheng knew little about the Chinese mainland.
She quickly found that Yuelu Academy, located on the university’s campus, ____43____ (found) in 976 AD and was one of China’s four major academies. Hunan is also home to Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, ____44____ the movie Avatar was filmed.
Everything she discovered ____45____ (excite) Zheng about her upcoming college life. She shared the news with her friends. ____46____ (know) that she was leaving for a mainland province, however, they had many concerns, because neither she nor any of them knew anything about it.
But to everyone’s surprise, Zheng quickly adapted ____47____ her new life. In her dormitory (宿舍), she and her roommates looked after and motivated one another. For example, her roommates taught her ____48____ (type) in pinyin and to write simplified Chinese characters. When Zheng returned to the university after vacations, she got to taste local delicacies from nearly every mainland province, ____49____ her classmates brought from their hometowns.
“My friends are like my family,” Zheng said. “Their love and care quickly ended my _____50_____ (homesick). Whenever I need them, they are always there for me.”
【答案】41. immediately
42. and 43. was founded
44. where 45. excited
46. Knowing
47. to 48. to type
49. which 50. homesickness
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。講述了臺灣學(xué)生鄭亞玲在中國湖南大學(xué)上學(xué)的經(jīng)歷。
【41題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：兩年前，當21歲的鄭亞玲收到湖南大學(xué)的錄取通知書時，她立即開始在網(wǎng)上查湖南省。修飾動詞started用副詞作狀語，故填immediately。
【42題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：在臺灣嘉義出生并長大的鄭對中國大陸知之甚少。根據(jù)句意，born與raised是并列關(guān)系，故填and。
【43題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：她很快發(fā)現(xiàn)岳麓書院，位于北京大學(xué)校園內(nèi)，始建于公元976年，是中國四大書院之一。分析句子可知，that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，主語Yuelu Academy是第三人稱單數(shù)，與謂語動詞found是被動關(guān)系，由時間狀語in 1976可知用一般過去時，故填was founded。
【44題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：湖南還有張家界國家森林公園，電影《阿凡達》就是在這里拍攝的。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞Zhangjiajie National Forest Park ，從句中作地點狀語，故填where。
【45題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：她所發(fā)現(xiàn)的一切都讓她對即將到來的大學(xué)生活興奮不已。分析句子可知，主語everything，“she discovered”是定語從句，修飾everything，excite是主句謂語動詞，與主語Everything主動關(guān)系，講述過去發(fā)生的事情用一般過去時，故填excited。
【46題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：但是，知道她要去大陸省份，他們有很多顧慮，因為她和他們都不了解中國。分析句子可知，句子主句是“they had many concerns”，know用非謂語動詞形式作狀語，know與邏輯主語they是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞，句首單詞首字母大寫，故填Knowing。
【47題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：但令所有人驚訝的是，鄭很快就適應(yīng)了新生活。adapt to“適應(yīng)”是固定短語，故填to。
【48題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：例如，她的室友教她打拼音和寫簡體字。分析句子可知，此處用不定式作賓語補足語，teach sb. to do sth.“教某人做某事”，故填to type。
【49題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：假期結(jié)束后，鄭回到大學(xué)，她品嘗到了幾乎每個大陸省份的地方美食，這些美食都是她的同學(xué)從家鄉(xiāng)帶來的。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞local delicacies ，從句中作賓語，指物，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句用關(guān)系代詞which，故填which。
【50題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：他們的愛和關(guān)心很快結(jié)束了我的思鄉(xiāng)之情。形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞，作賓語，homesickness“鄉(xiāng)思”，不可數(shù)名詞，故填homesickness。
第六題 概要寫作(滿分20分)
51. 閱讀下面短文，參照文后的結(jié)構(gòu)圖，寫一篇80詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。
The Book That Keeps On Growing
It is one of the most famous books in the world; yet it has no story and no interesting characters, no exciting beginning and no satisfying ending. And yet this book keeps being printed and it keeps growing. This book is the Oxford English Dictionary, one of the most famous dictionaries in the English-speaking world.
The Oxford English Dictionary or OED for short, began in 1857 as just an idea of a group of people who thought the world needed an English-language dictionary to show the history of English words from 1150 CE to the present. It wasn’t until the late 1870s, however, when James Murray joined the project that it began to grow. Murray planned for a dictionary of about 6,400 pages in four volumes (冊), completed in 10 years.
Murray and his assistants worked in a small metal building. They collected millions of pieces of paper, each one with a word and an example sentence or phrase written on it. Murray and his assistants worked hard, but after five years they had only reached the word ant!
It was not until 1928 that the dictionary was completed and published: 10 volumes with over 400, 000 words and phrases. James Murray did not live to see the completion of his life’s work, he passed away in 1915, over a decade before OED came out.
As soon as the dictionary was published, however, the editors started to update it! In 1933, the Oxford English dictionary was reprinted in 12 volumes. Between 1972 and 1986, four more volumes were added with new technical and scientific vocabulary and words from other English-speaking countries, such as Canada, the USA, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. In 1989, the entire dictionary was reprinted in 20 volumes! Three years later, all 20 volumes were put onto CD-ROM, and the entire dictionary is available online today.
With about 600,000 words and three million quotations (引語) from over 1,000 years of English, the OED not only is a record of where the English language has come from but has also become an important part of the history of English-speaking cultures around the world.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范例1：
The Oxford English Dictionary (OED), one of the most famous English dictionaries, began in 1857, when it was only an idea to show the history of English words. Thanks to James Murray’s participation in the late 1870s, OED began to grow and it was finally published in 1928. However, since its publication, it has always been updated, with more words and quotations added to it. Having recorded the evolution of the English language, OED has become an important part of English-speaking cultures. (81)
范例2:
Oxford English Dictionary is one of the most famous English dictionaries. In 1857, the idea of compiling an English dictionary was put forward but it was not until the late 1870s when James Murray joined that the project began to grow. In 1928, the dictionary was finished and published. Since then, it has been constantly updated to 20 volumes. OED not only records the origin of the English language but also works as an important part of the history of English-speaking cultures. (82)
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹說，《牛津英語詞典》(OED)是最著名的英語詞典之一，創(chuàng)刊于1857年，當時它只是一個展示英語單詞歷史的想法。由于詹姆斯·默里在19世紀70年代后期的參與，《牛津英語詞典》開始發(fā)展，最終于1928年出版。然而，自從它出版以來，它一直在更新，添加了更多的單詞和語錄?！杜＝蛴⒄Z詞典》記錄了英語語言的演變，已經(jīng)成為英語文化的重要組成部分。
【詳解】1 要點摘錄
①The Oxford English Dictionary or OED for short, began in 1857 as just an idea of a group of people who thought the world needed an English-language dictionary to show the history of English words from 1150 CE to the present.
②It wasn’t until the late 1870s, however, when James Murray joined the project that it began to grow.
③As soon as the dictionary was published, however, the editors started to update it!
④Between 1972 and 1986, four more volumes were added with new technical and scientific vocabulary and words from other English-speaking countries, such as Canada, the USA, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
⑤ With about 600,000 words and three million quotations (引語) from over 1,000 years of English, the OED not only is a record of where the English language has come from but has also become an important part of the history of English-speaking cultures around the world.
2.縝密構(gòu)思
將第1、2、5幾個要點進行重組，將第3、4兩個要點進行整合。
3.遣詞造句
The Oxford English Dictionary (OED), one of the most famous English dictionaries, began in 1857, when it was only an idea to show the history of English words.
Thanks to James Murray’s participation in the late 1870s, OED began to grow and it was finally published in 1928.
However, since its publication, it has always been updated, with more words and quotations added to it.
Having recorded the evolution of the English language, OED has become an important part of English-speaking cultures.
【點睛】[高分句型1] The Oxford English Dictionary (OED), one of the most famous English dictionaries, began in 1857, when it was only an idea to show the history of English words.(運用了when引導(dǎo)的定語從句)
[高分句型2] Having recorded the evolution of the English language, OED has become an important part of English-speaking cultures. (運用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)
第七題 應(yīng)用文(滿分25分)
52. 請閱讀圖表 Main difficulty experienced when learning a new language，結(jié)合個人英語學(xué)習經(jīng)歷，選取其中一個或兩個方面，寫一篇英語短文，談?wù)勀愕睦щy以及你是如何戰(zhàn)勝困難的。

注意：
1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2.不得透露任何與個人和學(xué)校相關(guān)的真實信息。
3.開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
As the chart shows, people encounter various difficulties when learning a new language. As for me,…
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范例1：
As the chart shows, people encounter various difficulties when learning a new language. As for me, “no access to native speakers” required more efforts to deal with, since no foreign teachers were available in our school. In order to find native speakers to communicate with, I joined the English Corner in Shandong University (Weihai), where some foreign students hoped to learn Chinese. We taught each other not only when we gathered at the English Corner but also when we had time to talk via Wechat. What excited us was that we all made great progress in language learning and had a better understanding of another culture. (90)
范例2：
As the chart shows, people encounter various difficulties when learning a new language. As for me, always keeping up the motivation was a hard nut. Frequent failures and unexpected challenges always wore out my passion, throwing me into frustration and depression. To tackle it, I had my motto stuck where I can see it easily, reminding myself that they are ladders to success. Additionally, I gave myself a reward every time I picked up motivation and kept moving. By doing so, I have made progress not only in learning a new language but being a better self. (81)
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達是圖表作文。要求考生閱讀圖表 Main difficulty experienced when learning a new language，并結(jié)合個人英語學(xué)習經(jīng)歷，選取其中一個或兩個方面，寫一篇英語短文，談?wù)動龅降睦щy以及是如何戰(zhàn)勝困難的。
【詳解】1. 詞匯積累
艱難的：hard→ difficult
消磨：wear out→ wear down
沮喪：frustration→ upset
解決：tackle→ handle
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：Frequent failures and unexpected challenges always wore out my passion, throwing me into frustration and depression.
拓展句：Frequent failures and unexpected challenges always wore out my passion, which threw me into frustration and depression.
【點睛】[高分句型1] To tackle it, I had my motto stuck where I can see it easily, reminding myself that they are ladders to success.（運用了that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句）
[高分句型2] Additionally, I gave myself a reward every time I picked up motivation and kept moving.（運用了every time引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句）
聽力1~5: CBCAA 6~10: BCABA 11~15: CACBC 16~20: ABACB




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