山東省德州市2022-2023學(xué)年高二英語下學(xué)期期末考試試題（Word版附解析）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

?高二英語試題
本試卷分第I卷(選擇題)和第II卷(非選擇題)兩部分。
注意事項(xiàng)：
1.答第I卷前考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。
2.選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號框。
3.全部答案在答題卡上完成，答在試卷上無效。
第I卷(滿分95分)
第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What time is it now?
A. 7:30. B. 8:50. C. 9:00.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: What time is it?
W: Ten to nine.
M: Your watch is 10 minutes slow. I’m gonna be late again. What will my excuse be this time? We should have set the alarm for 7:30 am.
2. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
How many cakes will the woman pay for?
A. 2. B. 4. C. 6.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: How much do these cakes cost?
M: $2 each. But we are having a special sale today: buy two and get one free.
W: I’ll take six.
M: Then you’ll get two free of charge.
3. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What is the woman doing?
A. Offering advice. B. Asking for help. C. Expressing thanks.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: What are you going to have?
M: I don’t know. I’ve never eaten here before. What do you suggest?
W: Well, I always like the salad. It’s usually very fresh. But if you don’t like vegetables, then what about going for smoked fish? It is very good, too.
4. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What will the woman take?
A. Hamburgers. B. Hot dogs. C. Fruit salad.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: My family are having a barbecue tomorrow. Would you like to come? All you have to bring is a side dish. We’re going to have hamburgers and hot dogs.
W: That sounds great! I love barbecues. I’ll bring some fruit salad.
5. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
Where is the man?
A. At an airport. B. At a train station. C. At a travel agency.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Good morning, sir. Can I help you?
M: Yes, I need to check in for the 11:20 flight to New York, please.
W: OK. Ticket, please.
第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

6. How did Xiao save money?
A. By buying no clothes.
B. By sharing food with friends.
C. By buying second-hand houses.
7. When did Xiao buy her first house?
A. At the age of 18. B. At the age of 27. C. At the age of 33.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Have you heard of a 33-year -old Japanese woman called Xiao? She bought three houses by saving money.
M: Three houses? I can’t believe my ears. Can you tell me her ways of saving money?
W: Of course. She never bought clothes or ate out with friends. She kept long hair and then sold it.
M: How old was she when she bought the first house?
W: She made a resolution to buy three houses at the age of 18. At the age of 27, she bought the first one.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

8. How long has the woman worked on the farm?
A. About four years. B. About five years. C. About eight years.
9. Who assists the woman with the farm work?
A. Her friends. B. Her relatives. C. The local farmers.
10. What does the man offer to do?
A. Find more helpers.
B. Pick apples himself.
C. Lend the woman his robots.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Wow! So many apple trees here. It looks as if the coming autumn harvest will be even better than the last one.
W: Yeah. Apple trees take four to five years to produce their first fruit.
M: How many years have you spent on the farm, Rose?
W: About eight years. After making some money by working in IT for a few years, I moved to the country in 2012 and started growing apples all over the farm one year later. Luckily, Aunt Kitty s family live nearby. They are a great help to me. But I’m afraid we need at least eight helpers to pick so many apples this year. You know, try to harvest the fruit before the first frost.
M: Oh, by the way, I’m using two robots to do the farm work. I can lend them to you anytime you want.
W: That would be nice. Thanks.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

11. What does the man want to do?
A. Start weight training.
B. Join a basketball team.
C. Play basketball with his friends.
12. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife.
B. Doctor and patient.
C. Instructor and player.
13. What does the woman suggest the man doing?
A. Cutting back on food.
B. Having a physical check.
C. Finding a fitness instructor.
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. B
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ m thinking about joining the company basketball team. I was a star player in high school.
W: Yeah, but that was twenty-five years ago, before we were married. Look! I just don’t want to have a heart attack.
M: So, what are you suggesting? Should I just give up the idea?
W: Well, you ought to at least have a physical check before you begin.
M: Well, OK, but...
W: And you need to watch your diet and cut back on the fatty foods. And you should try eating more fresh fruit and vegetables.
M: Yeah, you’re probably right.
W: And you should start a little weight training to strengthen your muscles...
M: Hey, you’re starting to sound like my personal fitness instructor!
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

14. What does the man think of jazz?
A. Unpopular. B. Noisy. C. Difficult.
15. What instrument does the man like best?
A. The piano. B. The drums. C. The bass.
16. What will the man engage in this weekend?
A. A music show. B. A jazz class. C. Band practice.
【答案】14. C 15. B 16. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Welcome to the Friday Night Music Hour. I’m Melinda. Joining us tonight is Michael from a local jazz band. Hi, Michael! Can you give our audience a brief introduction of jazz music?
M: Okay. Jazz was originally from America. It was made popular by black musicians during the early 20th century. Jazz is usually more difficult to play than other forms of popular music. There is usually a piano, drums, and a bass involved in jazz.
W: What instruments do you play in your band?
M: Well, I’ve been playing music for about 10 years and I can play many different instruments, but drums are my favorite. I like to hit the drums and make a lot of loud but controlled noise.
W: Interesting. Do you have any shows coming up?
M: Yes, my band will hold a live show this weekend at the VA Bar in Beijing. The show will start at 9:00 pm and we will play for no less than two hours. All the listeners are invited for a night of jazz music!
聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

17. Why has the lake become famous in recent years?
A. It’s introduced in books.
B. A sports game is held there.
C. A singer sings a song about it.
18. Where did the journey start?
A. On the eastern shore.
B. On the frozen surface.
C. From above the lake.
19. What attracts runners to the lake?
A. The wide space.
B. The beautiful landscape.
C. The cold weather.
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A. Extreme weather in Siberia.
B. The best time to visit Lake Baikal.
C. The loneliest marathon in the world.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. C
【解析】
【原文】Many people know about Lake Baikal from textbooks or by listening to Chinese singer Li Jian’s hit song, Lake Baikal. But in recent years, the world’s deepest freshwater lake has been paid much attention to because of an extreme sport. Each March since 2005, about 150 people from around the world sign up for the Baikal Ice Marathon. They come to explore the lake’s extraordinary beauty and challenge themselves in unpredictable conditions. The 41.84-kilometer journey starts on the lake’s eastern shore. In March, the ice is a meter thick and very hard. Runners cross this frozen surface, finishing on the western side of the lake. Known as the “blue eye of Siberia”, the lake has clear water. Seen from above, a runner on the ice looks as if he or she was jogging through space. The landscape might be beautiful but it is a severe test. However, runners say the cold climate is what draws them. They want to challenge themselves.
When runners start their marathon, they don’t have cars around them and they don’t have noise around. I hey are alone on Baikal. All they need to do is defeat themselves.
第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
The Four Most Exotic Black Sand Beaches in the World
Papenoo Beach: Tahiti, French Polynesia
Popular with surfers, this remote black beach on Tahiti’s northern coast boasts some of the most impressive waves in the world. Here you will discover more breathtaking natural beauty of the island, with its green mountains and picturesque scenery. Not- to-be- missed sights include the spectacular waterfalls: Topatari, Puraha and Vaiharuru falls.
Lovina Beach: Indonesia
A highlight of this beach destination is visiting Kalibukbuk, one of the coastal villages along Lovina Beach, and the Kalibukbuk Buddhist temple on the beach. There is also an abundance of incredible marine and underwater life, so diving is a popular relaxation, but the main draw for beachgoers is spotting the playful bottle nosed dolphins.
Stokksnes Beach: Iceland
One of Iceland’s most dramatic landscapes is the mountain Vestrahorn on the Stokksnes peninsula in southeast Iceland. The magical setting here was featured in the Bollywood movie Dilwale. It’s a popular destination for photographers but surprisingly not a big tourist spot; this privately owned land charges a small fee to visit. You can visit the Stokksnes beach on a group Ring Road tour or a self-driving circuit of the country.
Perissa Beach: Santorini, Greece
Situated in southeastern Santorini, this unique black beach boasts crystal clear waters and the rocky Mesa Vouno mountain. For more active pursuits beyond sunbathing and swimming, visitors can rent water sports equipment for other fun activities like diving. You can also hike to the top of Mesa Vouno to visit the ancient ruins of the city of Thera.
21. Which of the following landscapes is a must for tourists in Papenoo Beach?
A. Waves. B. Valleys. C. Mountains. D. Waterfalls.
22. Which place best suits people who enjoy taking pictures?
A. Papenoo Beach. B. Lovina Beach.
C. Stokksnes Beach. D. Perissa Beach.
23. What do Lovina Beach and Perissa Beach have in common?
A. They are good places to hike.
B. Visitors can go diving for relaxation.
C. Both are rich in underwater life.
D. Tourists can visit ancient coastal villages.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了世界上最具異國情調(diào)的四個(gè)黑沙灘。
【21題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Papenoo Beach: Tahiti, French Polynesia中“Not- to-be- missed sights include the spectacular waterfalls: Topatari, Puraha and Vaiharuru falls.”（不容錯(cuò)過的景點(diǎn)包括壯觀的瀑布：托帕塔里瀑布、普拉哈瀑布和瓦伊哈魯瀑布）可知，瀑布景觀是游客在帕皮努海灘必看的。故選D項(xiàng)。
22題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Stokksnes Beach: Iceland中“It’s a popular destination for photographers but surprisingly not a big tourist spot”（它是攝影師的熱門目的地，但令人驚訝的是，它不是一個(gè)大的旅游景點(diǎn)）可知，Stokksnes Beach最適合喜歡拍照的人。故選C項(xiàng)。
【23題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Lovina Beach: Indonesia中“There is also an abundance of incredible marine and underwater life, so diving is a popular relaxation”（這里也有許多令人難以置信的海洋和水下生物，所以潛水是一種流行的放松方式）以及Perissa Beach: Santorini, Greece中“For more active pursuits beyond sunbathing and swimming, visitors can rent water sports equipment for other fun activities like diving.”（除了日光浴和游泳之外，游客還可以租用水上運(yùn)動(dòng)設(shè)備進(jìn)行其他有趣的活動(dòng)，如潛水）可知，Lovina Beach和Perissa Beach的共同之處是游客可以去潛水放松。故選B項(xiàng)。
B
Three cute brown bear cubs who got lost after getting separated from their mother gripped the hearts of netizens.
The fuzzy cubs were spotted by Gelek Gyatso, an ecological protection officer, when he was patrolling a riverbed at an altitude of nearly 4, 500 meters in Qumarleb county in Qinghai province’s Yushu.
The little cubs eagerly ran toward the ranger on the snow-covered riverbed, then stopped short at a safe distance to stare at him curiously. After realizing that the man was not their mother, the bear cubs turned around and ran along the river calling for mom.
This was Gelek Gyatso’s first encounter with bear cubs separated from their mother. With his knowledge of wild animals, he drove the cubs towards an area near their cave in the hope of a safe reunion. Thankfully, later that day, other patrol officers found that the mother bear had reunited with her cubs and that the family was happy and healthy.
This year marks Gelek Gyatso’s tenth year as an ecological protection officer. He patrols the area every day, diligently records the animals he sees, carefully checks on the vegetation, and helps clean up litter.
Over the decade, Gelek Gyatso has witnessed great changes in the ecological environment of his hometown. There has been an increase in the number of wild animals, and everyone is participating in the protection of these species, making coexistence between humans and animals more harmonious.
He also reminds people that if they encounter wild animals in the wild, they should keep their distance, not disturbing or feeding them, and that if they find an animal that needs to be rescued, they should call the fire or forest department in time.
24. What happened to the three bear cubs?
A. Losing track of the mother bear.
B. Following Gelek with curiosity.
C. Mistaking a man for their mother.
D. Being trapped in the cold riverbed.
25 Which of the following best describes Gelek?
A. Ambitious. B. Romantic. C. Devoted. D. Innovative.
26. According to Gelek, what should people do to live in harmony with wildlife?
A. Changing their living surroundings.
B. Feeding and sheltering wild animals.
C. Getting involved in saving endangered species.
D. Seeking professional help to rescue those in need.
27. What is the best title for the text?
A. A project of wildlife conservation
B. A journey of friendship connection
C. A knowledgeable ecological officer
D. An encounter leading to a safe reunion
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述的是青海省玉樹縣庫馬勒勒縣的生態(tài)保護(hù)官員Gelek Gyatso發(fā)現(xiàn)三只與媽媽走散后走失的棕熊幼崽，并幫助這三只棕熊幼崽與自己的媽媽團(tuán)聚的故事。
【24題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Three cute brown bear cubs who got lost after getting separated from their mother gripped the hearts of netizens. (與媽媽走散后走失的三只可愛的棕熊幼崽抓住了網(wǎng)友們的心。)”可知，這三只可愛的棕熊幼崽和熊媽媽走失了。故選A。
【25題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“This year marks Gelek Gyatso’s tenth year as an ecological protection officer. He patrols the area every day, diligently records the animals he sees, carefully checks on the vegetation, and helps clean up litter. (今年是Gelek Gyatso擔(dān)任生態(tài)保護(hù)官的第十個(gè)年頭。他每天都在該地區(qū)巡邏，勤奮地記錄他看到的動(dòng)物，仔細(xì)檢查植被，并幫助清理垃圾。)”以及Gelek Gyatso幫助三只小熊和媽媽團(tuán)聚的故事可知，Gelek Gyatso是個(gè)對工作認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)的人。故選C。
【26題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“He also reminds people that if they encounter wild animals in the wild, they should keep their distance, not disturbing or feeding them, and that if they find an animal that needs to be rescued, they should call the fire or forest department in time. (他還提醒人們，如果在野外遇到野生動(dòng)物，要保持距離，不要打擾或喂食，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)需要救援的動(dòng)物，要及時(shí)給消防或森林部門打電話。)”可知，Gelek Gyatso建議人們?nèi)绻l(fā)現(xiàn)需要救援的動(dòng)物，要及時(shí)給消防或森林部門打電話。也就是遇到需要救援的動(dòng)物，應(yīng)該向?qū)I(yè)人士求助。故選D。
【27題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“This was Gelek Gyatso’s first encounter with bear cubs separated from their mother. With his knowledge of wild animals, he drove the cubs towards an area near their cave in the hope of a safe reunion. Thankfully, later that day, other patrol officers found that the mother bear had reunited with her cubs and that the family was happy and healthy. (這是Gelek Gyatso第一次遇到與母親分離的小熊。憑借對野生動(dòng)物的了解，他把這些幼崽趕到洞穴附近的一個(gè)地方，希望它們能安全團(tuán)聚。值得慶幸的是，當(dāng)天晚些時(shí)候，其他巡邏人員發(fā)現(xiàn)熊媽媽和她的孩子們團(tuán)聚了，全家人都很快樂、健康。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述的Gelek Gyatso與三只棕熊幼崽的相遇帶來了熊媽媽和她的孩子們團(tuán)聚。故選D。
C
If you struggle with insomnia (失眠)— and, consequently, the bed-covers—you probably have been tempted to try anything that promises better sleep. One thing might sound a little strange but has been known to work: adding a weighted blanket to those bed- covers. “It has become the sleep tool to have,” says Alanna McGinn, founder and lead sleep expert at Good Night Sleep Site. “I’m a huge supporter because it can work so well.”
About 32% of Americans don’t get enough sleep, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Experts there recommend at least seven hours of shut-eye per night for adults. But as many as 35% of adults have trouble sleeping from time to time, and 10% regularly have trouble falling and staying asleep.
The weight—usually between 5 and 30 pounds, which sounds like a lot but is spread out over the entire bed—comes from plastic, glass or metal balls surrounded by filling. The heaviness imitates a touch therapy called deep pressure stimulation. Just as swaddling babies can send them to sleep, using a weighted blanket helps your heart and breathing slow and your body release feel good hormones, including serotonin.
A 2020 review looked at eight studies and concluded that weighted blankets helped reduce anxiety but not necessarily insomnia. Other research tells a slightly different story. A study in Sweden in 2020 looked at 120 people with insomnia and also depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety or attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Those who used a weighted blanket reported that they had better sleep and were less tired, anxious and depressed during the day.
People with circulatory conditions such as diabetes, or breathing issues such as asthma or sleep apnea (窒息), should check with their doctor before using a weighted blanket. “And if you’re someone who gets a little claustrophobic, it’s probably not the best thing for you,” adds McGinn.
28. What will people with insomnia probably do?
A. Tend to be cheated. B. Struggle to drop asleep.
C. Work for the sleep tool. D. Be cautious about the blanket.
29. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. The severity of sleep trouble. B. Americans suffering insomnia.
C. Sleep difficulty caused by aging. D. Experts’ advice on sleeping hours.
30. Why does the author mention “swaddling babies” in paragraph 3?
A. To define a concept. B. To present a result.
C. To explain the principle. D. To draw a conclusion.
31. What can be inferred about the application of the weighted blanket?
A. It can extend people’s lifespan.
B. It can help people feel more relaxed.
C. It is friendly to people with breathing issues.
D It is a request to get the doctor s permission.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。研究表明，對于有失眠問題的人來說，在床罩上加一條加重的毯子，它的重量可以模仿深度壓力刺激的觸摸療法，可以減慢心臟和呼吸，釋放有益激素，因此減輕焦慮、改善睡眠質(zhì)量，并減少疲勞、焦慮和抑郁，然而，對于患有循環(huán)系統(tǒng)疾病或呼吸問題的人來說，使用加重毯子前應(yīng)咨詢醫(yī)生。
【28題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“If you struggle with insomnia (失眠)— and, consequently, the bed-covers—you probably have been tempted to try anything that promises better sleep. (如果你正在與失眠作斗爭，那么你可能已經(jīng)嘗試過任何能保證更好睡眠的方法了。)”可知，失眠的人可能會(huì)嘗試任何能保證更好睡眠的方法，努力使自己入睡。故選B項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“About 32% of Americans don’t get enough sleep, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Experts there recommend at least seven hours of shut-eye per night for adults. But as many as 35% of adults have trouble sleeping from time to time, and 10% regularly have trouble falling and staying asleep. (根據(jù)美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心數(shù)據(jù)，大約32%的美國人睡眠不足。那里的專家建議成年人每晚至少睡7個(gè)小時(shí)。但多達(dá)35%的成年人不時(shí)有睡眠問題，10%的人經(jīng)常難以入睡和保持睡眠狀態(tài)。)”可知，通過美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心提供的三個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)，第二段介紹了美國人睡眠問題的嚴(yán)重程度。故選A項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“The weight—usually between 5 and 30 pounds, which sounds like a lot but is spread out over the entire bed—comes from plastic, glass or metal balls surrounded by filling. The heaviness imitates a touch therapy called deep pressure stimulation. Just as swaddling babies can send them to sleep, using a weighted blanket helps your heart and breathing slow and your body release feel good hormones, including serotonin. (它的重量通常在5到30磅之間，聽起來很重，但卻鋪在整個(gè)床上。它是由塑料、玻璃或金屬球制成的，周圍有填充物。這種沉重感模仿了一種叫做深度壓力刺激的觸摸療法。就像襁褓中的嬰兒可以讓他們?nèi)胨粯?，使用加重的毯子可以幫助你的心臟和呼吸減慢，讓你的身體釋放出讓人感覺良好的激素，包括血清素。)”可知，襁褓對嬰兒肌膚進(jìn)行深度壓力刺激，保證嬰兒的高質(zhì)量的睡眠，加重的毯子可以模仿深度壓力刺激的觸摸療法，可以幫助改善失眠問題，減慢心臟和呼吸，釋放有益激素，作者提到襁褓里的嬰兒來解釋毯子這個(gè)原理。故選C項(xiàng)。
【31題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“A 2020 review looked at eight studies and concluded that weighted blankets helped reduce anxiety but not necessarily insomnia.(2020年的一項(xiàng)綜述研究了8項(xiàng)研究，得出的結(jié)論是，加重的毯子有助于減輕焦慮，但不一定能減輕失眠。)”可知，加重毛毯的應(yīng)用能使人減輕焦慮，更加放松。故選B項(xiàng)。
D
As Geoffrey Hinton, widely seen as the godfather of artificial intelligence, warns about growing dangers from how it is developing, businesses are scrambling to see how they can use the technology to their advantage.
Recently, the hot topic is how to employ ChatGPT style technology across their businesses as quickly as possible. A boss looked at his computer, entered the transcript of a customer complaint call, and asked ChatGPT to respond to it based on set of rules. In about a minute it came up with a very credible answer, which was 85% accurate but only cost 1% of the cost of employing staff. The good news for all is the pure enhancement to productivity.
Technology has improved the quality of life. A lot of innovation has made our entertainment time more enjoyable. But the real shock has been that these technologies are usable in a commercial context, not just for “l(fā)ow-cognitive, repetitive” tasks, i. e. robotic-tasks likely to be automated.
The surprise has been how employable the technology is to highly creative, high-value work. Specifically, creating an image, or music, or coding a programme can be achieved in seconds rather than weeks of briefing and refining. So the good news is that rapid employment of this technology could solve the longstanding productivity crisis. The bad news is that it could occur so rapidly as to overtake workers’ ability to adapt in time, creating social crisis. Could we face in call centers and creative studios in the 2020s, the equivalent of what happened in the coal mines in the 1980s?
Some individuals have started to suggest that states should provide a basic income due to the possibility of AI leading to job loss. The response of tech enthusiasts is that “You won’t be replaced by an AI, but you might be replaced by someone who knows how to use AI”. But they used to say that’s why everybody should learn how to code. That might not be such wise career advice any more.
32. What do we learn about ChatGPT?
A. It improves customers’ satisfaction.
B. It enhances productivity and reduces cost.
C. It perfects customers’ ability to summarize.
D. It revolutionizes the business with accuracy.
33. How has technology influenced individuals?
A. By enriching leisure time. B. By increasing dependence.
C. By simplifying people’s work. D. By reshaping entertainment forms.
34. What does the underlined word “equivalent” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Alternative. B. Opposite. C. Similarity. D. Reference.
35. What is the author s attitude towards the application of AI?
A. Intolerant. B. Favorable. C. Indifferent. D. Objective.
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了被廣泛視為人工智能教父的杰弗里?辛頓(Geoffrey Hinton)警告稱，人工智能的發(fā)展方式帶來的危險(xiǎn)越來越大，企業(yè)正在爭先恐后地尋找如何利用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)為自己服務(wù)。
【32題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“A boss looked at his computer, entered the transcript of a customer complaint call, and asked ChatGPT to respond to it based on set of rules. In about a minute it came up with a very credible answer, which was 85% accurate but only cost 1% of the cost of employing staff. The good news for all is the pure enhancement to productivity.”（一位老板看著他的電腦，輸入了一個(gè)客戶投訴電話的文字記錄，并要求ChatGPT根據(jù)一套規(guī)則做出回應(yīng)。大約一分鐘后，它就得出了一個(gè)非?？尚诺拇鸢?，準(zhǔn)確率達(dá)到85%，但只花費(fèi)了雇傭員工成本的1%。對所有人來說，好消息是生產(chǎn)率的純粹提高。）可知，關(guān)于ChatGPT我們知道，它提高了生產(chǎn)率，降低了成本。故選B項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Technology has improved the quality of life. A lot of innovation has made our entertainment time more enjoyable.”（科技提高了生活質(zhì)量。許多創(chuàng)新使我們的娛樂時(shí)間更加愉快。）可知，科技是通過豐富閑暇時(shí)間來影響個(gè)人的，故選A項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“The bad news is that it could occur so rapidly as to overtake workers’ ability to adapt in time, creating social crisis.”（壞消息是，它可能發(fā)生得如此之快，以至于超過了工人的適應(yīng)能力，從而造成社會(huì)危機(jī)。）以及劃線單詞句中“Could we face in call centers and creative studios in the 2020s,…what happened in the coal mines in the 1980s?”（在21世紀(jì)20年代，我們會(huì)在呼叫中心和創(chuàng)意工作室面臨……20世紀(jì)80年代煤礦發(fā)生的事情嗎？）可推知，人工智能的發(fā)展可能會(huì)造成社會(huì)危機(jī)，劃線詞所在句應(yīng)該講述不好的事情，此處為我們會(huì)在呼叫中心和創(chuàng)意工作室面臨類似于20世紀(jì)80年代煤礦發(fā)生的事情嗎？故可猜測，劃線單詞equivalent為“類似”的意思，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)C項(xiàng)Similarity“相似性”意思一致。故選C項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Some individuals have started to suggest that states should provide a basic income due to the possibility of AI leading to job loss. The response of tech enthusiasts is that “You won’t be replaced by an AI, but you might be replaced by someone who knows how to use AI”. But they used to say that’s why everybody should learn how to code. That might not be such wise career advice any more.”（一些人開始建議，由于人工智能可能導(dǎo)致失業(yè)，國家應(yīng)該提供基本收入?？萍紣酆谜叩幕貞?yīng)是：“你不會(huì)被人工智能取代，但你可能會(huì)被懂得如何使用人工智能的人取代。”但他們過去常說，這就是為什么每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)如何編程。這可能不再是明智的職業(yè)建議了。）可推知，對人工智能的應(yīng)用，作者并未有明確或褒或貶的個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，可得出作者對人工智能持客觀的態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Whether someone makes you angry, you’re upset with yourself, or you’re just having a bad day, one of the best ways to direct your angry energy is through exercise. That angry energy can build inside of you. ____36____ If you’re looking to direct your anger through exercise, there are exercises suitable for it.
Running is a very effective technique to calm anxieties. The focus it takes to run and the endorphins your body releases will take your mind off whatever is frustrating you. Be sure to adequately warm up and stretch before you run! ____37____ You can enhance the benefits by running in an area that is free of distractions like around a lake or through a peaceful part of the city.
A challenging yoga practice is a great way to control your anger to help you get through it. You may be so frustrated that getting started in a yoga practice may seem impossible. ____38____ You can focus on directing your angry energy into each of the movements. It may also help you to have the support of the group to help you get involved.
____39____ Conditioning classes are a great opportunity to focus your angry energy into hitting a heavy punching bag while also burning a lot of calories. These classes are often challenging, so you can use your anger to help you get through the difficulty of the workout. Focus on your breathing, your technique, and harnessing your anger to deliver strong punches.
Cycling is a serious cardiovascular (心血管的) workout and you can use your anger to help you push through the difficulty of it. When you go for a ride outdoors, the extra focus it takes to navigate the outside world can provide a helpful distraction from your frustration. ____40____
A. It’s advisable to find a scenic route.
B. Be sure to obey traffic laws and wear a helmet.
C. Boxing is a great way to relieve your frustration.
D. Joining a class can help take the thinking out of it.
E. Watch out for any moving cars while you’re running.
F. Breathe deeply while practicing yoga and your anger will fade.
G. Working it out is an effective way to channel your rage into movement.
【答案】36. G 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。鍛煉可以控制憤怒，文章提供了一些適合內(nèi)心憤怒的人群的鍛煉方式和建議。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“That angry energy can build inside of you. (這種憤怒的能量會(huì)在你體內(nèi)積聚。)”，下文“If you’re looking to direct your anger through exercise, there are exercises suitable for it. (如果你想通過鍛煉來控制你的憤怒，這里有一些適合你的鍛煉。)”因?yàn)楦鞣N原因，憤怒會(huì)積聚在內(nèi)心，鍛煉可以控制憤怒，G項(xiàng)“Working it out is an effective way to channel your rage into movement. (鍛煉是將你的憤怒轉(zhuǎn)化為行動(dòng)的有效方法。)”，句中的it指代上文的That angry energy，Working it out與direct your anger through exercise相呼應(yīng)，G項(xiàng)承上啟下，下文引出具體的鍛煉方面的建議，上下文銜接連貫。故選G項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Be sure to adequately warm up and stretch before you run! (跑步前一定要做好充分的熱身和伸展運(yùn)動(dòng)!)”，下文“You can enhance the benefits by running in an area that is free of distractions like around a lake or through a peaceful part of the city. (你可以在一個(gè)沒有干擾的地方跑步，比如在湖邊或城市的一個(gè)安靜的地方跑步。)”可知，本段的建議與“跑步”有關(guān)；A項(xiàng)“It’s advisable to find a scenic route. (最好找一條風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的路線。)”，A項(xiàng)順接上文，跑前不但要有熱身、伸展運(yùn)動(dòng)，還要設(shè)定路線，下文解釋了設(shè)定這樣的路線的益處，上下文銜接連貫。故選A項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“A challenging yoga practice is a great way to control your anger to help you get through it. You may be so frustrated that getting started in a yoga practice may seem impossible. (一個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的瑜伽練習(xí)是一個(gè)很好的方法來控制你的憤怒，幫助你克服憤怒。你可能會(huì)感到沮喪，以至于開始練習(xí)瑜伽似乎是不可能的。)”可知，沮喪的情緒會(huì)導(dǎo)致不能開始練習(xí)瑜伽；下文“You can focus on directing your angry energy into each of the movements. It may also help you to have the support of the group to help you get involved. (你可以專注于將憤怒的能量引導(dǎo)到每一個(gè)動(dòng)作中。它也可以幫助你得到小組的支持，幫助你參與進(jìn)來。)”可知，瑜伽能引導(dǎo)體內(nèi)的憤怒在瑜伽動(dòng)作中釋放，且在小組中練瑜伽可以得到同伴的幫助；D項(xiàng)“Joining a class can help take the thinking out of it. (參加學(xué)習(xí)班可以幫助你不再思考它。)”，句中的it指代上文的沮喪情緒，下文解釋了參加小組瑜伽的好處，上下文話題一致，銜接連貫。故選D項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“Conditioning classes are a great opportunity to focus your angry energy into hitting a heavy punching bag while also burning a lot of calories. These classes are often challenging, so you can use your anger to help you get through the difficulty of the workout. (健身課是一個(gè)很好的機(jī)會(huì)，讓你把憤怒的精力集中在擊打沉重的沙袋上，同時(shí)燃燒大量的卡路里。)”可知，健身課中使用到沙袋，C項(xiàng)“Boxing is a great way to relieve your frustration. (拳擊是緩解沮喪情緒的好方法。)”下文解釋了拳擊可以緩解沮喪情緒，C項(xiàng)為本段的主旨句，語意連貫，話題一致。故選C項(xiàng)。
【40題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“When you go for a ride outdoors, the extra focus it takes to navigate the outside world can provide a helpful distraction from your frustration. (當(dāng)你在戶外騎行時(shí)，騎行在外面的世界中需要額外的注意力，這可以幫助你從沮喪中轉(zhuǎn)移注意力。)”可知，本段的建議與“騎自行車”有關(guān)，B項(xiàng)“Be sure to obey traffic laws and wear a helmet. (一定要遵守交通法規(guī)，戴上頭盔。)”，騎車要戴頭盔，注意安全，B項(xiàng)順接上文，騎車能從沮喪中轉(zhuǎn)移注意力，也要注意騎車的安全問題，上下文銜接連貫。故選B項(xiàng)。
第二部分英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié) 完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
I am a university professor. Last year, I took a(n) ____41____ step: I decided to sign up for an online course to learn Arabic, a very difficult language.
My teacher was a patient and ____42____ man from Cairo, who had been teaching here for years. He could ____43____ my awkwardness in class and would find ways to help me feel more comfortable. “You are intelligent today,” my teacher would often say when I ____44____ well in class. When I heard these words for the first time, I was filled with ____45____. A few words from an authority ____46____ had made my day. His praise truly ____47____ my confidence and I became more positive about my Arabic learning.
That was when I ____48____ how little I had praised my own students. Too much praise, I had thought, made students too ____49____, and even lazy. Now, as a student, I saw things _____50_____. I had a change of heart. If I — a university professor with a PhD — felt _____51_____ with a few words of encouragement, imagine what _____52_____ my words could have on my students, sensitive young people who were looking to carve out a career in a _____53_____ environment?
So now I praise as often and as sincerely as I can, knowing that even _____54_____ words can mean a lot. They can save someone from a bad day, as my teacher’s _____55_____ have done for me.
41. A. embarrassing B. brave C. confusing D. unique
42. A. understanding B. modest C. humorous D. honest
43. A. notice B. remember C. explain D. deny
44. A. carved B. pretended C. performed D. taught
45. A. fear B. pain C. joy D. wisdom
46. A. text B. figure C. saying D. organization
47. A. checked B. boosted C. weakened D. shook
48. A. wondered B. forgot C. realized D. ignored
49. A. nervous B. proud C. heavy D. creative
50. A. normally B. deliberately C. anxiously D. differently
51. A. inspired B. amused C. astonished D. puzzled
52. A. reflection B. pressure C. dependence D. impact
53. A. peaceful B. comfortable C. traditional D. stressful
54. A. simple B. accurate C. fancy D. familiar
55. A. decisions B. promises C. words D. orders
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. A 44. C 45. C 46. B 47. B 48. C 49. B 50. D 51. A 52. D 53. D 54. A 55. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者是一位大學(xué)教授，報(bào)名參加阿拉伯語課程后，老師簡單的贊美使作者感到開心，有了自信，也讓作者意識到贊美的力量，使作者對事物的看法發(fā)生了改變。
【41題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：去年，我邁出了勇敢的一步：我決定報(bào)名參加一個(gè)在線課程來學(xué)習(xí)阿拉伯語，這是一門非常困難的語言。A. embarrassing令人尷尬的；B. brave勇敢的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. unique獨(dú)特的。根據(jù)下文“I decided to sign up for an online course to learn Arabic, a very difficult language.”可知，作者報(bào)名參加一個(gè)在線課程來學(xué)習(xí)阿拉伯語，這是一門非常困難的語言，由此推知，作者邁出了勇敢的一步。故選B項(xiàng)。
【42題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的老師是一位耐心而善解人意的人，他來自開羅，在這里教書多年。A. understanding善解人意的；B. modest謙遜的；C. humorous幽默的；D. honest誠實(shí)的。根據(jù)下文“and would find ways to help me feel more comfortable.”可知，想辦法幫助我感覺更舒服，由此推知，作者老師是一位耐心而善解人意的人。故選A項(xiàng)。
【43題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他能注意到我在課堂上的尷尬，并會(huì)想辦法幫助我感覺更舒服。A. notice注意到；B. remember記得；C. explain解釋；D. deny否定。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“my awkwardness in class”可知，在課堂上的尷尬，由此可知，此處為表示作者老師能注意到作者在課堂上的尷尬。故選A項(xiàng)。
【44題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“你今天很聰明，”當(dāng)我在課堂上表現(xiàn)出色時(shí)，老師經(jīng)常會(huì)說。A. carved雕刻；B. pretended假裝；C. performed表現(xiàn)；D. taught教。根據(jù)上文““You are intelligent today,””可知，此處是老師對作者說的話，由此推知，此處為當(dāng)作者在課堂上表現(xiàn)出色時(shí)，老師就會(huì)說表揚(yáng)的話。故選C項(xiàng)。
45題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我第一次聽到這些話時(shí)，我充滿了喜悅。A. fear害怕；B. pain痛苦；C. joy喜悅；D. wisdom智慧。根據(jù)上文提到老師對作者說表揚(yáng)的話以及下文“A few words from an authority ____6____ had made my day.”可推知，此處為當(dāng)作者聽到老師表揚(yáng)的話，充滿了喜悅。故選C項(xiàng)。
【46題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一位權(quán)威人士的幾句話使我很高興。A. text文本； B. figure人物；C. saying諺語，格言；D. organization組織。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“from an authority”可推知，此處為權(quán)威人士的幾句話使作者很高興。authority figure“權(quán)威人物”。故選B項(xiàng)。
【47題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他的表揚(yáng)確實(shí)增強(qiáng)了我的信心，我對我的阿拉伯語學(xué)習(xí)變得更加積極。A. checked檢查；B. boosted增強(qiáng)；C. weakened弱化；D. shook搖動(dòng)。根據(jù)“and I became more positive about my Arabic learning.”可知，作者對阿拉伯語學(xué)習(xí)變得更加積極，由此推知，此處為老師的表揚(yáng)確實(shí)增強(qiáng)了作者的信心。故選B項(xiàng)。
【48題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這時(shí)我才意識到，我很少表揚(yáng)自己的學(xué)生。A. wondered想知道；B. forgot忘記；C. realized意識到；D. ignored忽視。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“how little I had praised my own students.”可推知，此處為作者意識到很少表揚(yáng)自己的學(xué)生。故選C項(xiàng)。
【49題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我曾經(jīng)想過，太多的表揚(yáng)會(huì)讓學(xué)生們過于驕傲，甚至變得懶惰。A. nervous緊張的；B. proud驕傲的；C. heavy嚴(yán)重的；D. creative有創(chuàng)造力的。根據(jù)句意以及下文“and even lazy.”可推知，此處為表示作者認(rèn)為太多的表揚(yáng)會(huì)讓學(xué)生們過于驕傲，甚至變得懶惰。故選B項(xiàng)。
【50題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，作為一名學(xué)生，我的看法不同了。A. normally正常地；B. deliberately故意地；C. anxiously焦慮地；D. differently不同地。根據(jù)下文“I had a change of heart.”可知，作者改變主意了，由此可知，此處為作者現(xiàn)在的看法和以前不同了。故選D項(xiàng)。
【51題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我，一個(gè)擁有博士學(xué)位的大學(xué)教授——因?yàn)閹拙涔膭?lì)的話而受到鼓舞，想象一下我的話會(huì)對我的學(xué)生——那些在緊張的環(huán)境中尋求開拓事業(yè)的敏感年輕人——產(chǎn)生什么影響？ A. inspired受到鼓舞的；B. amused覺得好笑的；C. astonished驚訝的；D. puzzled吃驚的。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“with a few words of encouragement,”可推知，此處為作者因?yàn)閹拙涔膭?lì)的話而受到鼓舞。故選A項(xiàng)。
【52題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我，一個(gè)擁有博士學(xué)位的大學(xué)教授——因?yàn)閹拙涔膭?lì)的話而受到鼓舞，想象一下我的話會(huì)對我的學(xué)生——那些在緊張的環(huán)境中尋求開拓事業(yè)的敏感年輕人——產(chǎn)生什么影響？A. reflection反射；B. pressure壓力；C. dependence依靠；D. impact影響。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“my words could have on my students”可推知，此處為作者的話對學(xué)生產(chǎn)生的影響。have impact on“對……產(chǎn)生影響”。故選D項(xiàng)。
【53題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我，一個(gè)擁有博士學(xué)位的大學(xué)教授——因?yàn)閹拙涔膭?lì)的話而受到鼓舞，想象一下我的話會(huì)對我的學(xué)生——那些在緊張的環(huán)境中尋求開拓事業(yè)的敏感年輕人——產(chǎn)生什么影響？A. peaceful安靜的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. traditional傳統(tǒng)的；D. stressful有壓力的。根據(jù)上下文語境以及該句中的“sensitive young people who were looking to carve out a career”可推知，此處為作者的話對那些在緊張的環(huán)境中尋求開拓事業(yè)的敏感年輕人產(chǎn)生的影響。故選D項(xiàng)。
【54題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：所以現(xiàn)在我盡可能多地真誠地贊美別人，因?yàn)槲抑?，即使是簡單的話語也能意味深長。A. simple簡單的；B. accurate正確的；C. fancy花俏的；D. familiar熟悉的。根據(jù)上文“So now I praise as often and as sincerely as I can”以及該句中的“words can mean a lot”可推知，此處為作者知道，即使是簡單的話語也能意味深長。故選A項(xiàng)。
【55題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們可以把人從糟糕的一天中拯救出來，就像我老師的話對我所做的那樣。A. decisions決定；B. promises承諾；C. words話語；D. orders命令。通讀全文，以及上文的老師對作者說的話““You are intelligent today””可知，文章一直以作者老師的話讓作者備受鼓舞為線索，而展開敘述的。故選C項(xiàng)。
第II卷(滿分55分)
第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面材料，在題后空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(每空一詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
According to a report by South China Morning Post, China is planning to launch a hyperloop (超級高鐵), also known ____56____ a super-high speed pipeline maglev system by 2035. If the project goes as ____57____ (plan), the new train will be the world’s fastest ground-based transport.
In the past few days, the Chinese government officers ____58____ (announce) the approval of the country’s first hyperloop line. Its ____59____ (long) will be 175 kilometers, and it will pass between Shanghai and Hangzhou. The distance between the two cities can be covered in about three hours by car or an hour by high-speed train. But the hyperloop can reach the speed of 1000 km/h, ____60____ means the route can be completed in just 15 minutes.
The project will make China one of the pioneers in hyperloop technology, ____61____ (allow) faster travel between several major cities. The hyperloop provides ____62____ high-security level with low energy consumption. The technology will ____63____ (far) advance China’s position as a leader in transport.
A super- fast hyperloop train in China has completed ____64____ (it) first test runs. These consisted of three test runs at a superconducting maglev test line in Datong, Shanxi province. However, the current tube available for trials measures only 2 km long. It _____65_____ (expect) to be extended to 60 km in the near future.
【答案】56. as 57. planned
58. have announced
59. length 60. which
61. allowing
62. a 63. further
64. its 65. is expected
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要講述了據(jù)《南華早報(bào)》報(bào)道，中國計(jì)劃在2035年之前啟動(dòng)超級高鐵，也被稱為超高速管道磁懸浮系統(tǒng)。如果該項(xiàng)目按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，新列車將成為世界上最快的地面交通工具。
【56題詳解】
考查固定短語。句意：據(jù)《南華早報(bào)》報(bào)道，中國計(jì)劃在2035年之前啟動(dòng)超級高鐵，也被稱為超高速管道磁懸浮系統(tǒng)。分析句子可知，此處為固定短語be known as“被當(dāng)作，被稱為”，滿足句意要求。故填as。
【57題詳解】
考查固定短語。句意：如果該項(xiàng)目按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，新列車將成為世界上最快的地面交通工具。分析句子可知，此處為固定短語as planned“按照計(jì)劃”，滿足句意要求。故填planned。
【58題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：在過去的幾天里，中國政府官員宣布批準(zhǔn)了該國第一條超級高鐵線路。分析句子可知，此處為謂語動(dòng)詞的填入，由In the past few days時(shí)間狀語可知，該句應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語officers為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，所以為動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填have announced。
【59題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：它的長度將是175公里，將通過上海和杭州之間。由空前Its為形容詞性物主代詞可知，此處為名詞形式，length (長度)不可數(shù)。故填length。
【60題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：但是超級高鐵的速度可以達(dá)到1000公里/小時(shí)，這意味著這條線路可以在15分鐘內(nèi)完成。分析句子可知，此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為前面整句話，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語成分，用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。
【61題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：該項(xiàng)目將使中國成為超級高鐵技術(shù)的先驅(qū)之一，使幾個(gè)主要城市之間的旅行速度更快。分析句子可知，此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，allow和邏輯主語The project為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以為現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填allowing。
【62題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：超級高鐵提供了高安全性和低能耗。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為表示“一種高安全級別”，為泛指概念，high為首音節(jié)輔音單詞，所以為不定冠詞a的填入。故填a。
【63題詳解】
考查副詞比較級。句意：這項(xiàng)技術(shù)將進(jìn)一步提升中國在交通運(yùn)輸領(lǐng)域的領(lǐng)先地位。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為副詞比較級further“更遠(yuǎn)地，進(jìn)一步”，作狀語修飾動(dòng)詞advance。故填further。
【64題詳解】
考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意：中國的超級高鐵已經(jīng)完成了首次試運(yùn)行。由空后first test runs為名詞短語可知，此處為形容詞性物主代詞its。故填its。
【65題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：預(yù)計(jì)在不久的將來將延長到60公里。分析句子可知，此處為謂語動(dòng)詞的填入，主語It和謂語動(dòng)詞expect為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合上文時(shí)態(tài)可知，該句應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。故填is expected。
第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié) 應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)
66. 假定你是李華，上周你校為高二全體學(xué)生舉行了成人禮(Coming of age Ceremony)，請給校英文報(bào)寫一篇活動(dòng)報(bào)道，內(nèi)容包括：
1.活動(dòng)目的；
2.活動(dòng)安排；
3.活動(dòng)反響。
注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】In order to celebrate us turning 18, a coming-of-age ceremony was held in our school last week. All students of Senior 2 participated in the activity.
As scheduled, the ceremony started at 9.a. m. last Friday, which lasted 2 hours. At the beginning of the ceremony, the headmaster delivered a speech to celebrate us being grown-ups. Following this, we held a party and talked about what we would be doing in the future.
All the students think highly of it, for not only does it make us aware of what the age of majority means, but also it has us understand what responsibility we should take on.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生對于上周你校為高二全體學(xué)生舉行了成人禮(Coming of age Ceremony)這一事情，給校英文報(bào)寫一篇活動(dòng)報(bào)道。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
參加：participate in → take part in
按照計(jì)劃：As scheduled → As planned
舉辦：hold → conduct
承擔(dān)：take on → undertake
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：In order to celebrate us turning 18, a coming-of-age ceremony was held in our school last week.
拓展句：Last week, a coming-of-age ceremony was held in our school, which was aimed to celebrate us turning 18.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】As scheduled, the ceremony started at 9.a. m. last Friday, which lasted 2 hours. (運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)
【高分句型2】All the students think highly of it, for not only does it make us aware of what the age of majority means, but also it has us understand what responsibility we should take on. (運(yùn)用了not only…but also…的固定句型以及not only位于句首時(shí)句子需要部分倒裝)
第二節(jié) 讀后續(xù)寫(滿分25分)
67. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使其構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Last summer, my college’s charity started a campaign “Big Brothers Big Sisters”. It called on college students to care for local extremely poor kids by leading them to our cafeteria and helping them enjoy a good lunch every Sunday for four months. The charity would pay for the kids’ meals.
My schoolmate Molly and I signed up as volunteers. Then, the charity helped us contact a local poor family. The family had a kindergarten girl Melissa. That Sunday morning, Molly and I took the school bus and reached the family. When seeing a shabby house, we were touched. We nervously knocked on the door. Melissa opened it and looked up at us, seemingly wondering, “Could these girls be trusted?” Still, she welcomed us in.
After communicating with her parents for a while, Melissa gave us a tour of their home. “Here is the TV. Here is the picture I drew,” she said. Her parents, quiet in chairs, watched her and smiled. “Here is my brother, who died,” Melissa added. Molly and I just broke inside. Just then, Melissa’s mother called her. Melissa walked over to her, who secretly told her something. Then Melissa came to us, smiling, “Mama said my brother lived inside our heart forever.”
After a short silence, Molly and I chatted a lot with Melissa’s parents. Then, waving goodbye to her parents, Melissa held my hand and Molly’s and happily got on our bus. All the way, Melissa appeared excited.
注意：
1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2. 請按如下格式作答。
Finally, we reached the cafeteria.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Melissa stood up, saying, “Can I bring some grapes home for my family?”
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Finally, we reached the cafeteria. It was alive with kids and volunteers. Melissa followed us to the food counter, marveling at the variety of food. “Wow! They must be yummy.” Hearing her words, I began to explain the different options available, while Molly filled her tray with what she selected. As we sat down at a table, Melissa couldn’t wait to savor every bite. Her face lit up with satisfaction, reminding us of the importance of our mission. Sensing a kid with some leftovers leaving the cafeteria, Melissa paused, looking at the food counter. “Do you need anything else?” I smiled.
Melissa stood up, saying, “Can I bring some grapes home for my family?” She looked at us, adding, “I think nothing is sweeter than grapes here.” Molly and I exchanged glances and nodded, touched by her thoughtfulness. On the bus ride back, Melissa held a bag of grapes gently as if they were treasures. Hardly had she stepped into the house when she shared her experience and the delicious grapes with her family, which melted our hearts. Over the next few months, we witnessed the positive impact of our presence. As summer ended, we reflected on our experience and continued volunteering, knowing that even the smallest acts of kindness could make a big difference.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了去年夏天，學(xué)院慈善機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)起了“大哥哥大姐姐”活動(dòng)，帶領(lǐng)貧困兒童去自助餐廳享用午餐。作者和同學(xué)莫莉成為志愿者，去貧困家庭拜訪梅麗莎，并帶著梅麗莎回學(xué)院享用午餐。梅麗莎很享受這里的午餐，當(dāng)她看見有人帶走剩飯菜時(shí)，她也想給家人帶點(diǎn)葡萄回去，因?yàn)檫@里的葡萄比別的食物都甜。梅麗莎回家后分享吃飯的經(jīng)歷和帶回家的葡萄，一家人樂融融的場景觸動(dòng)了作者，幾個(gè)月的陪伴使作者和莫利見證了這一家的變化，也堅(jiān)定了傳播善意的想法。
【詳解】1. 段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“最后，我們到了自助餐廳。”可知，第一段可描寫作者和同學(xué)莫莉帶著梅麗莎第一次去吃自助餐時(shí)，小姑娘面對食物時(shí)的迫不及待和滿足，當(dāng)看見別的孩子把一些剩菜帶離自助餐廳時(shí)，她暫停吃飯動(dòng)作，引起了作者的詢問。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“梅麗莎站起來，說：‘我能帶一些葡萄回家給我的家人嗎？’”可知，第二段可描寫作者和莫莉滿足她的請求，梅麗莎回家后和家人分享自己的經(jīng)歷和葡萄，以及作者和莫莉也決定繼續(xù)做志愿者傳遞愛。
2. 續(xù)寫線索：到達(dá)餐廳——挑選食物就餐——看見別人帶走剩飯菜——想給家人帶葡萄——分享經(jīng)歷和葡萄——感悟
3. 詞匯激活
行為類
①解釋：explain/clarify/explicate
②挑選：select/choose/pick
③坐下：sit down/take a seat
④享用：savor/enjoy
⑤微笑：smile/beam
情緒類
①滿足：satisfaction/contentment/gratification
②融化我們的心：melt our hearts/move us/touch us
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] Sensing a kid with some leftovers leaving the cafeteria, Melissa paused, looking at the food counter. (現(xiàn)在分詞短語Sensing…和looking…作狀語、現(xiàn)在分詞短語leaving…作賓語補(bǔ)足語)
[高分句型2] Hardly had she stepped into the house when she shared her experience and the delicious grapes with her family, which melted our hearts.（Hardly置于句首引起部分倒裝、關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句）
[高分句型3] As summer ended, we reflected on our experience and continued volunteering, knowing that even the smallest acts of kindness could make a big difference. (從屬連詞As引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句、現(xiàn)在分詞短語knowing…作狀語、連接詞that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作knowing的賓語)

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