?高三英語
考生注意：
1. 本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。
2. 答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0. 5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。
3. 考生作答時，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑;非選擇題請用直徑0. 5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。
4. 本卷命題范圍：高考范圍。
第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié) (共5小題;每小題1. 5分，滿分7. 5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ?19. 15. B. ?9. 18. C. ?9. 15.
答案是C。
1. Who has to study?
A. Stephen. B. Selina. C. Sue.
2. How many members are there in Tom’s group now?
A. Three. B. Five. C. Eight.
3. What is the woman most probably?
A. A scientist. B. A soldier. C. A doctor.
4. What are the speakers mainly complaining about?
A. The hot weather. B. Long working hours. C. The fan in the room.
5. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Doctor and patient. C. Aunt and nephew.
第二節(jié) (共15小題;每小題1. 5分，滿分22. 5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。
6. What is the man unsatisfied with?
A. The actors. B. The special effects. C. The scenery.
7. What will the woman probably do next weekend?
A. See a movie. B. Study a volcano. C. Go boating.
聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。
8. When will the man return?
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
9. Where will the woman go?
A. A mountain. B. The countryside. C. A farm.
10. What does the woman say about riding a motorcycle?
A. It’s relaxing. B. It’s exciting. C. It’s dangerous.
聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。
11. What is the man reading?
A. A detective story. B. A historical novel. C. A textbook.
12. What does the man think of the textbooks?
A. Boring. B. Accurate. C. Easy.
13. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a classroom.
聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。
14. What is the weather like in London in the winter?
A. Warm and sunny. B. Cold and rainy. C. Windy and dry.
15. How does the woman usually go to work?
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By underground.
16. What is the woman doing in London?
A. Travelling. B. Studying. C. Working.
17. Where did the woman celebrate her birthday last Saturday?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a park. C. At home.
聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。
18. How many essay questions are there in the exam?
A. 3. B. 10. C. 15.
19. When will the exam be held?
A. Next Monday. B. Next Wednesday. C. Next Friday.
20. What should the students provide if they want to take the makeup exam?
A. A doctor’s note. B. Their parents’ approval. C. A letter from the teacher.
第二部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)
第一節(jié) (共15小題;每小題2. 5分，滿分37. 5分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
NPR’s Student Podcast (播客) Challenge is back — for a fifth year! This year’s competition will open for entries on January 6, 2023 and close on April 28.
As in past years, our judges will choose winners in two categories: grades five through eight and grades nine through twelve. Entries must be submitted by an educator or a student leader who’s 18 years old or older. Another important rule is that the maximum length of your podcast is within eight minutes, and longer entries will be disqualified.
Our judges will use the following criteria to narrow down and choose the winners:
Information and structure, 40 percent
Does the podcast tell a good story or teach us something new and important? Is it structured in a way that keeps listeners engaged? Can we easily follow the story you’re telling or the information you’re explaining? Have you spent time cutting out unnecessary information to make sure the main ideas come through clearly?
Personality and creativity, 40 percent
Does it have personality, or does it sound like you’re reading from a script (腳本)? Does it make us laugh or cry or leave us deep in thought?
Production, 20 percent
We’re not judging you on how fancy your equipment is and we don’t expect you to be an expert on recording and editing sound, but we hope you’ll try.
Some podcasts may use a narration (講述) format. Others may be more of an interview format. If you use sound apart from interviews and narration, make sure it is clear and smooth.
1. What is the deadline for handing in your podcast?
A. January 6. B. February 18. C. March 26. D. April 28.
2. Who are qualified to submit the podcast to the competition?
A. All monitors. B. Any student. C. Teachers. D. Parents.
3. What is a requirement for the entries?
A. They should be more than eight minutes. B. They must be well structured and edited.
C. They have to adopt an interview format. D. They must be produced with special sound effects.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了NPR學(xué)生播客大賽的參賽要求。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“This year’s competition will open for entries on January 6, 2023 and close on April 28.(今年的比賽將于2023年1月6日開始報名，4月28日結(jié)束)”可知，截止日期是4月28日。故選D。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Entries must be submitted by an educator or a student leader who’s 18 years old or older.(參賽作品必須由18歲或以上的教育工作者或?qū)W生干部提交)”可知，C項(xiàng)“教師”符合要求。故選C。
【3題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Information and structure, 40 percent一節(jié)中“Is it structured in a way that keeps listeners engaged? Can we easily follow the story you’re telling or the information you’re explaining? Have you spent time cutting out unnecessary information to make sure the main ideas come through clearly?(它結(jié)構(gòu)是否能讓聽眾保持參與？我們能輕松地理解你所講的故事或你所解釋的信息嗎？你是否花時間刪去了不必要的信息，以確保主要思想能夠清晰地表達(dá)出來？)”及Production, 20 percent一節(jié)中“We’re not judging you on how fancy your equipment is and we don’t expect you to be an expert on recording and editing sound, but we hope you’ll try.(我們并不是根據(jù)你的設(shè)備有多花哨來評判你，我們也不期望你成為錄音和編輯聲音的專家，但我們希望你能嘗試一下)”可知，參賽作品需要結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，適當(dāng)編輯。故選B。
B
On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories.
“By the time we closed on the 20th, we had received 500 human-written stories and 700 AI-written ones,” said editor-in-chief Neil Clarke. “It was increasing at such a speed that we figured that by the end of the month, we would have doubled the number of articles we normally have. The rate had been growing from previous months, and we were concerned that we had to do something to stop it.”
Worries about AI misuse have frequently appeared in headlines recently, particularly since the launch of ChatGPT in November, 2022, which can not only answer a broad range of questions, but also create original poems and stories.
Clarke said magazines like his, which pay contributors for their work, were being targeted by people trying to make quick money. He said he had already spoken to editors of other magazines and that all of them had agreed to stop accepting AI-written articles. He also admitted that the humor of his sci-fi magazine being targeted by AI robots is not lost on him.
“You know, our mascot (吉祥物) is a robot. So we see the irony,” he said. “But the thing is that science fiction is often intended to give a warning to people. We don’t celebrate technology just because it exists. We want to make sure that we’re using it right. And there are some significant legal and moral issues around this technology that we’re not ready to accept.
Clarke said the magazine didn’t know how to deal with the issue, and part of the motivation to speak out was in the hope of finding some solutions. He also said the quality of the AI-written stories was very poor.
4. What’s the matter with the magazine Clarkesworld?
A. It will close down forever. B. It was targeted by AI writers.
C. It stopped paying contributors. D. It has lost many good authors.
5 What can we infer about other magazines’ attitude to the AI-written stories?
A. Disapproving. B. Favorable. C. Unknown. D. Tolerant.
6. What does Neil Clarke say about science fiction?
A. It often intends to find some solutions.
B. It welcomes the existing new technologies.
C. It will accept AI-written stories in the near future.
D. It often tries to warn the dark side of technologies.
7. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A notice. B. A science fiction. C. A news report. D. A book review.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。報道介紹了享譽(yù)全球的科幻雜志Clarkesworld最近受AI作品的影響，不得不暫停接受新稿件。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段提到“On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories.”（2月20日，科幻雜志《克拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因?yàn)樗蝗斯ぶ悄茏珜懙墓适卵蜎]了。）由此判斷，Clarkesworld是被AI寫手逼得不得不暫停接受新稿件。故選B。
【5題詳解】
推理判斷題。第四段提到“He said he had already spoken to editors of other magazines and that all of them had agreed to stop accepting AI-written articles.”（他說，他已經(jīng)和其他雜志的編輯談過，他們都同意停止接受人工智能撰寫的文章。）由此判斷，其他雜志對AI生成的作品持否定態(tài)度。故選A。
【6題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第五段提到“‘But the thing is that science fiction is often intended to give a warning to people. We don’t celebrate technology just because it exists. We want to make sure that we’re using it right. And there are some significant legal and moral issues around this technology that we’re not ready to accept.’”（但問題是，科幻小說往往是為了給人們一個警告。我們不會因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)的存在而贊美它。我們要確保我們正確地使用它。關(guān)于這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，有一些重大的法律和道德問題，我們還沒有準(zhǔn)備好接受。）由此判斷，Neil Clarke認(rèn)為科幻雜志經(jīng)常試圖警告技術(shù)的黑暗面。故選D。
【7題詳解】
推理判斷題。第一段提到“On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories.”（2月20日，科幻雜志《克拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因?yàn)樗蝗斯ぶ悄茏珜懙墓适卵蜎]了。）文章第一段中交代了事情發(fā)生的時間，由此判斷，這是一篇新聞報道。故選C。
C
The new Webb telescope has discovered what appear to be galaxies (星系) that date back to within 600 million years of the Big Bang. The six newly discovered objects suggest that the early universe may have been developing unexpectedly fast to produce these huge galaxies.
While the new telescope has spotted even older galaxies, dating to within 300 million years of the beginning of the universe, it’s the size of these six galaxies that shock the researchers.
“Most galaxies in this era are still small and only gradually growing larger over time,” lead researcher Ivo Labbe of Australia’s Swinburne University of Technology said. “But these six galaxies are fast-tracking to maturity. Why this is the case or how this works is unknown.”
According to the report, which was published in the journal Nature on Wednesday, each of the six objects weighs billions of times more than our sun. In one of them, the total weight of all its stars may be as much as 100 billion times greater than our sun.
The Pennsylvania State University’s Joel Leja, who also took part in the study, said, “What we found is so unexpected that it actually creates problems for science and it might call the whole picture of early galaxy formation into question.”
These galaxy observations were among the first set of data from the $10 billion Webb telescope, which was just launched over a year ago. Unlike Hubble, the bigger and more powerful Webb can see through clouds of dust with its infrared (紅外的) vision and discover galaxies previously undetected. Scientists hope to eventually observe the first stars and galaxies formed following the creation of the universe 13.8 billion years ago.
The researchers are still waiting for official confirmation. “It’s possible that a few of the objects might not be galaxies, but black holes. One early lesson from Webb is to let go of our expectations and be ready to be surprised,” Labbe said. “Next year it will tell us.”
8. What is special about the six newly detected objects?
A. Their age. B. Their color. C. Their size. D. Their shape.
9. What do the underlined words “fast-tracking to maturity” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Turning quickly. B. Circling smoothly. C. Travelling fast. D. Growing rapidly.
10. What can we learn about the two telescopes?
A. Hubble can see further than Webb. B. Webb is more powerful than Hubble.
C. Webb is much cheaper than Hubble. D. Hubble is relatively bigger than Webb.
11. What does Ivo Labbe mean in the last paragraph?
A. The data might not be complete. B. The researchers will be disappointed.
C. He does not agree with Joel Leja. D. The new Webb telescope is unreliable.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了韋伯太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的六個疑似星系。
【8題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段提到“While the new telescope has spotted even older galaxies, dating to within 300 million years of the beginning of the universe, it’s the size of these six galaxies that shock the researchers.”（雖然新望遠(yuǎn)鏡發(fā)現(xiàn)了更古老的星系，可以追溯到宇宙起源的3億年內(nèi)，但這六個星系的大小令研究人員震驚）可知，這六個星系的大小尺寸是其特別之處，因此讓研究人員震驚。故選C。
【9題詳解】
詞義猜測題。第一段提到“The six newly discovered objects suggest that the early universe may have been developing unexpectedly fast to produce these huge galaxies.”（這六個新發(fā)現(xiàn)的天體表明，早期宇宙可能以出人意料的速度發(fā)展，產(chǎn)生了這些巨大的星系）及畫線詞前“Most galaxies in this era are still small and only gradually growing larger over time, ... But...”（這個時代的大多數(shù)星系仍然很小，只是隨著時間的推移逐漸變大，”澳大利亞斯威本科技大學(xué)的首席研究員伊沃·拉貝說。但是......）可推斷，fast-tracking to maturity（快速走向成熟）與developing unexpectedly fast（快速發(fā)展）及Growing rapidly（迅速生長）所表達(dá)的意思相同。故選D。
【10題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第六段提到“Unlike Hubble, the bigger and more powerful Webb can see through clouds of dust with its infrared (紅外的) vision and discover galaxies previously undetected.”（與哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡不同的是，韋伯望遠(yuǎn)鏡體積更大、功能更強(qiáng)大，它可以用紅外視野穿透塵埃云，發(fā)現(xiàn)以前未被探測到的星系）可知，韋伯望遠(yuǎn)鏡比哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡更強(qiáng)大。故選B。
【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。第五段最后一句提到“What we found is so unexpected that it actually creates problems for science and it might call the whole picture of early galaxy formation into question.”（我們的發(fā)現(xiàn)是如此出乎意料，它實(shí)際上給科學(xué)帶來了問題，它可能會讓早期星系形成的整個圖景受到質(zhì)疑）第六段提到“These galaxy observations were among the first set of data from...”（這些星系觀測是價值100億美元的韋伯望遠(yuǎn)鏡的首批數(shù)據(jù)之一，該望遠(yuǎn)鏡于一年多前剛剛發(fā)射）及最后一段“‘One early lesson from Webb is to let go of our expectations and be ready to be surprised,’”（韋伯給我們的一個早期教訓(xùn)是，放下我們的期望，準(zhǔn)備好接受驚喜）可知，韋伯望遠(yuǎn)鏡觀測的結(jié)果受到了質(zhì)疑。由此推知，Ivo Labbe擔(dān)心第一批數(shù)據(jù)可能不完整。故選A。
D
During the industrial age, when high school was key to the American dream, public-school systems covered the costs of earning a diploma. Today, however, ns college degrees have replaced high-school diplomas as the ticket into the middle class, families are forced to cover the costs of higher education and more. If the information-age economy demands a workforce with higher education, the US government needs to make the same deal with students and their families: Anyone willing to work hard and earn the degree should be able to attend college—for free.
With that basic bargain in mind, Michigan has lately joined Oregon, Rhode Island and Tennessee in experimenting with ways to make community college free. Under the terms of the Chicago Star Scholarship, a program that has already enrolled more than 6,000 students, if a student at a public high school in Michigan maintains a B average, the state will provide a free degree at a local community college. Then, through another program Chicago Star Plus, students who have scored 3.0 GPA are qualified to receive a tuition discount at 18 of the four-year colleges located in Michigan.
Chicago Star Scholarship and Chicago Star Plus are already changing young lives. Its high-school graduation rate grew from 56.9 percent in 2011 to 78.2 percent in 2022. And Chicago Star Plus’ college attending rate is 86 percent, well above the national average of 62.7 percent.
More than a century ago, America achieved an explosion of social mobility by creating a supportive public school system that runs to 12th grade. By adding community colleges to the nation’s public-school systems and educational requirements, we can strengthen the belief in the American dream again.
12. What does the author suggest the US government do today?
A. Cancel all college students’ debts.
B. Reduce the costs for the middle class.
C. Provide free higher education for qualified students.
D. Help poor families to cover the fees of higher education.
13. Who can receive the Chicago Star Scholarship?
A. Any student who has achieved 3.0 GPA.
B. All public high school students in Michigan.
C All students admitted into the 18 four-year colleges.
D. Any Michigan public high schooler who maintains a B average.
14. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. The significance of the programs in Michigan. B. The high dropout rate in the US colleges.
C. The potential costs of Chicago Star Plus. D. The popularization of higher education in the US.
15. How is the text mainly developed?
A. By analyzing data. B. By listing examples. C. By making comparisons. D. By conducting surveys.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。作者認(rèn)為在信息時代，國家有義務(wù)為國民提供免費(fèi)的高等教育。
12題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“If the information-age economy demands a workforce with higher education, the US government needs to make the same deal with students and their families: Anyone willing to work hard and earn the degree should be able to attend college—for free.（如果信息時代的經(jīng)濟(jì)需要受過高等教育的勞動力，那么美國政府也需要與學(xué)生及其家庭達(dá)成同樣的協(xié)議：任何愿意努力學(xué)習(xí)并獲得學(xué)位的人都應(yīng)該能夠免費(fèi)上大學(xué)。）”可知，作者建議美國政府今天為合格的學(xué)生提供免費(fèi)高等教育。故選C。
【13題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Under the terms of the Chicago Star Scholarship... if a student at a public high school in Michigan maintains a B average, the state will provide a free degree at a local community college.（根據(jù)芝加哥之星獎學(xué)金的條款如果密歇根州公立高中的學(xué)生平均成績保持在B，州政府將在當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)大學(xué)免費(fèi)提供學(xué)位。）”可知，這個獎學(xué)金項(xiàng)目惠及的是密歇根州成績達(dá)到B級的高中生。故選D。
【14題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)主題句“Chicago Star Scholarship and Chicago Star Plus are already changing young lives.（芝加哥明星獎學(xué)金和芝加哥明星Plus已經(jīng)改變了年輕人的生活。）”及細(xì)節(jié)，可知，第三段主要講述的是這些項(xiàng)目在密歇根的意義。故選A。
【15題詳解】
推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，作者主要是通過密歇根州的兩個獎學(xué)金項(xiàng)目所產(chǎn)生的積極成果來支持自己的論點(diǎn)的。故選B。
第二節(jié) (共5小題;每小題2. 5分，滿分12. 5分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
According to Jaime Roberts, good consulting is often about loosening the body, opening the mind and, more often than not, keeping the mouth shut.
Your body language matters
Jaime Roberts has been one of my go to experts for advice for decades. When I once asked her why she was so good at consulting, she was quick to mention her body language. “____16____,” she said, “Otherwise, they might not open up to me as much as I would want them to.”
You don’t have to fix the problem
That’s another thing Jaime Roberts has learned on the job, “People who ask ‘What should I do?’ often want to process a problem themselves. ____17____,” she said. “Part of the trick is remembering that listening is the best thing you have to do, in most cases.”
You don’t need to give advice right now
Texts and FaceTime might be immediate, but your advice doesn’t have to be. ____18____. “Forcing yourself to give advice when you can’t will do more harm than good,” she said.
____19____
You’re bound to hear about problems you haven’t experienced firsthand. That’s why Jaime Roberts says you should let them know that you’re just human beings with limited experience. ____20____.
A. Don’t say their choices are wrong
B. You cannot give advice as giving someone an order
C. I try to appear relaxed and avoid looks of shock or judgment
D. You don’t need to have the same problem to be a good consultant
E. But you should let them know you will do your best to understand them
F. You’re a good consultant if you can help them fix the problem on their own
G. You can politely explain to them that you will talk to them when you’re ready
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了幾個給建議的技巧：放松、傾聽、閉嘴。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)本節(jié)的小標(biāo)題“Your body language matters（肢體語言很重要）”及空后“Otherwise, they might not open up to me as much as I would want them to.（ 否則，他們可能不會像我希望的那樣對我敞開心扉。）”，可知，肢體語言很重要。承接小標(biāo)題和順承下文，C項(xiàng)I try to appear relaxed and avoid looks of shock or judgment（我盡量放松身體、不露聲色，以免讓對方感到我在評頭品足）切題。故選C。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)空前提示“People who ask ‘What should I do?’ often want to process a problem themselves.（問“我該怎么辦?”的人往往想自己處理問題。）”可知，這些人想自己解決問題，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的on their own“靠他們自己”與其吻合。承接上文，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)You’re a good consultant if you can help them fix the problem on their own（如果你能幫助他們自己解決問題，你就是一個好顧問）切題。故選F。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)空后提示“Forcing yourself to give advice when you can’t will do more harm than good,（當(dāng)你不能提出建議時，強(qiáng)迫自己提出建議弊大于利。）”可知，既然強(qiáng)迫自己提建議弊大于利，那就暫時不提建議，向?qū)Ψ秸f清楚。順承下文，G項(xiàng)You can politely explain to them that you will talk to them when you’re ready（你可以向?qū)Ψ蕉Y貌地解釋等你考慮成熟了再給建議）切題。故選G。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)空后提示“You’re bound to hear about problems you haven’t experienced firsthand.（你一定會聽到你沒有親身經(jīng)歷過的問題。）”及下文細(xì)節(jié)可知，有些問題不一定親身經(jīng)歷過。順承下文，D項(xiàng)You don’t need to have the same problem to be a good consultant （親歷相似的問題不是成為合格咨詢者的前提條件）切題。故選D。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)空前提示“That’s why Jaime Roberts says you should let them know that you’re just human beings with limited experience.（這就是為什么杰米·羅伯茨說你應(yīng)該讓他們知道你只是一個經(jīng)驗(yàn)有限的人。）”可知，你要讓對方知道你經(jīng)驗(yàn)有限，同時你也會盡最大努力去理解他們，E項(xiàng)中的But將上下文緊密連接在一起。承接上文，E項(xiàng)But you should let them know you will do your best to understand them（但是，你要讓對方知道你會盡力去理解他們）切題。故選E。
第三部分 語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié) (共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Sujata Halarnkar would like to eat fish curry (咖喱) every day. It’s a very ____21____ curry with the basic ingredients (原料), nothing very fancy. However, it’s a recipe passed down from her ____22____ who is still living in Mumbai, India.
Halarnkar now lives in Yuma, Arizona, but she ____23____ in Mumbai, and her grandparents lived in a(n) ____24____ coastal village. Her mother would send her to her grandparents’ home for ____25____. There, her grandma would cook this curry for her.
“They lived in a neighboring village and I went there almost every week. That is one of the ____26____ memories I had about my childhood,” Halarnkar said. “We had a pretty and peaceful beach to ourselves and we would ____27____ fish from the sea every morning.”
____28____ later, fish curry is still the comfort food to Halarnkar, who said her family always cooks it when they ____29____ at weekends in the US.
“We’ll go out to the fish market, buy fresh _____30_____ and make this curry,” she said. “We don’t even worry about vegetables. We just eat some steamed rice and this fish curry.”
Halarnkar has passed on the _____31_____ to her daughter Natasha, who lives in San Diego and shares Halarnkar’s love of cooking. And even though the next _____32_____ has the recipe, Halarnkar said she still _____33_____ the curry her grandma made in India. In fact, she’s looking forward to having it next time she goes to _____34_____ her.
“I’m 100% sure that she is going to make it for me when I _____35_____ there,” Halarnkar said.
21. A. expensive B. extraordinary C. new D. traditional
22. A. grandmother B. husband C. aunt D. neighbor
23. A. passed away B. settled down C. grew up D. cried out
24. A. dangerous B. nearby C. busy D. ugly
25. A. parties B. schools C. weekends D. gifts
26. A. saddest B. hardest C. strangest D. best
27. A. see B. catch C. raise D. save
28. A. Days B. Weeks C. Months D. Decades
29. A. work B. play C. hunt D. gather
30. A. chicken B. fish C. meat D. milk
31. A. recipe B. talent C. house D. thought
32. A. store B. village C. generation D. guest
33. A. avoids B. invents C. hides D. prefers
34. A. pay B. hug C. visit D. treat
35. A. arrive B. leave C. move D. marry
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。Sujata Halarnkar在文中表達(dá)了她對外祖母做的魚咖喱飯的思念之情。
【21題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一種非常傳統(tǒng)的咖喱，只有基本的食材，沒有什么特別的。 A. expensive昂貴的；B. extraordinary 非凡的；C. new新的；D. traditional傳統(tǒng)的。 根據(jù)空后“with the basic ingredients (原料)”及下文細(xì)節(jié)可知，這種魚咖喱飯是比較傳統(tǒng)的（traditional），里面沒啥花哨的食材。故選D。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，這是她仍然住在印度孟買的祖母傳下來的食譜。A. grandmother祖母；B. husband丈夫；C. aunt姑姑；D. neighbor鄰居。 根據(jù)下文“There, her grandma would cook this curry for her.”及“... Halarnkar said she still ___13___ the curry her grandma made in India.”可知，她是從外祖母（grandmother）那里學(xué)會做魚咖喱的。故選A。
【23題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：哈拉恩卡現(xiàn)在住在亞利桑那州的尤馬，但她在孟買長大，她的祖父母住在附近的一個沿海村莊。A. passed away去世；B. settled down定居；C. grew up成長；D. cried out大聲呼喊。 根據(jù)空前“Halarnkar now lives in Yuma, Arizona, but...”可知，她是在孟買長大（grew up）的。故選C。
【24題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：哈拉恩卡現(xiàn)在住在亞利桑那州的尤馬，但她在孟買長大，她的祖父母住在附近的一個沿海村莊。A. dangerous危險的；B. nearby附近的；C. busy忙碌的；D. ugly丑陋的。根據(jù)下文“‘They lived in a neighboring village and I went there almost every week.’”可知，外祖母家很近（nearby）。她幾乎每個周末（weekends）都會去那里吃外祖母做的魚咖喱。故選B。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她媽媽會把她送到祖父母家過周末。A. parties聚會；B. schools學(xué)校；C. weekends周末；D. gifts禮物。根據(jù)下文“‘They lived in a neighboring village and I went there almost every week.’”可知，外祖母家很近（nearby）。她幾乎每個周末（weekends）都會去那里吃外祖母做的魚咖喱。故選C。
【26題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那是我童年最美好的回憶之一。A. saddest最傷心的；B. hardest 最困難的；C. strangest最奇怪的；D. best最好的。根據(jù)空后“memories I had about my childhood”可知，這樣的兒時記憶當(dāng)然是最美好的（best）：跟著外祖母在美麗的海濱捕（catch）魚做咖喱。故選D。
【27題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們有一個美麗而寧靜的海灘，每天早上我們都會從海里抓魚。A. see看見；B. catch 抓??；C. raise提高；D. save挽救。根據(jù)空后“fish from the sea every morning”可知，跟著外祖母在美麗的海濱捕（catch）魚做咖喱。故選B。
【28題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾十年后，咖喱魚仍然是哈拉恩卡的心頭好，她說她的家人在美國周末聚會時總是會做咖喱魚。A. Days天；B. Weeks周；C. Months月；D. Decades幾十年。根據(jù)空后“fish curry is still the comfort food to Halarnkar”可知，此處指幾十年（Decades）后，魚咖喱飯還能給身處異國他鄉(xiāng)的Halarnkar帶來莫大的安慰。故選D。
【29題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幾十年后，咖喱魚仍然是哈拉恩卡的心頭好，她說她的家人在美國周末聚會時總是會做咖喱魚。 A. work工作；B. play玩；C. hunt打獵；D. gather聚集。根據(jù)空后“at weekends in the US”可知，在美國她的家人周末聚會（gather）時，也只買魚（fish）做咖喱飯吃。故選D。
【30題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們會去魚市，買新鮮的魚，然后做咖喱，A. chicken小雞；B. fish 魚；C. meat 肉；D. milk牛奶。根據(jù)空前“We’ll go out to the fish market, buy fresh”可知，在美國她的家人周末聚會（gather）時，也只買魚（fish）做咖喱飯吃。故選B。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：哈拉恩卡把食譜傳給了她的女兒娜塔莎，她住在圣地亞哥，和哈拉恩卡一樣熱愛烹飪。A. recipe 食譜；B. talent天賦；C. house房子；D. thought思想。根據(jù)空后“to her daughter Natasha, who lives in San Diego and shares Halarnkar’s love of cooking.”可知，Halarnkar已經(jīng)把這個菜譜（recipe）傳給了自己的女兒。故選A。
【32題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管下一代有了這個食譜，哈拉恩卡說她仍然更喜歡奶奶在印度做的咖喱。A. store商店；B. village村子；C. generation一代；D. guest客人。根據(jù)空前后“even though the next ____12____ has the recipe”可知，此處指晚輩（generation）總做不出外祖母的那個味道來。故選C。
【33題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管下一代有了這個食譜，哈拉恩卡說她仍然更喜歡奶奶在印度做的咖喱。 A. avoids避免；B. invents發(fā)明；C. hides躲藏；D. prefers更喜歡。根據(jù)空后“the curry her grandma made in India”可知，Halarnkar還是更喜歡（prefers）外祖母做的咖喱飯。故選D。
【34題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，她期待著下次去看她的時候能吃到它。A. pay支付；B. hug擁抱；C. visit參觀；D. treat對待。根據(jù)空前“she’s looking forward to having it next time she goes to”可知，她正盼望著回印度探（visit）親。故選C。
【35題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我百分之百肯定我到那兒時她會給我做的。A. arrive到達(dá)；B. leave離開；C. move移動；D. marry結(jié)婚。根據(jù)空前后“I’m 100% sure that she is going to make it for me when I ____15____ there,”可知，此處指，她一到家（arrive），外祖母準(zhǔn)會給她做魚咖喱。故選A。
第二節(jié) (共10小題;每小題1. 5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
China has planted millions of trees in its northwest over the past two decades as part of its ____36____ (amaze) fight against the expanding deserts
The effort has paid off. Around 2000, deserts across the country were still increasing by 10,400m2 a year. But in 2017, they were decreasing by more than 2,400m2 a year. The ____37____ (achieve) was confirmed by a study from the Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Sciences in Paris.
“In 1999, the Chinese government began planting millions of trees in its Grain for Green Program. It ____38____ (carry) out to repair damaged farmland in northwestern China, ____39____ is roughly the size of France,” says Philippe Ciais, a researcher at the laboratory. “I was there a few months ago, and it is indeed surprising that once bare landscapes are now almost fully covered by plants.”
“The growth of forests is significant ____40____ necessary progress in the fight against desertification,” says Jianping Huang, a researcher at Lanzhou University. “But it’s still too early to determine whether it has solved the problem. Researchers have found that many of the plant species ____41____ (introduce) to the region use more water ____42____ native vegetation. It could lead to water shortages for humans.”
The national forestry department has recognized the error. In recent years, it has worked more closely with researchers and communities to find ways to plant less ____43____ (thirst) plants that have economic value.
“All ____44____ (program) need to take into account local conditions,” the forestry department said in March “____45____ (we) efforts should go towards keeping vegetation sustainable, rather than simply planting more trees.”
【答案】36. amazing
37. achievement
38. was carried
39. which 40. and
41. introduced
42. than 43. thirsty
44. programs
45. Our
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。十幾年前，中國政府在大西北啟動了“退耕還林工程”并取得了舉世矚目的成績。
【36題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：在過去的20年里，中國在西北地區(qū)種植了數(shù)百萬棵樹，作為對抗不斷擴(kuò)大的沙漠的驚人斗爭的一部分。分析該句成分可知，所填詞在此處作定語，修飾fight，意為“令人驚嘆的”，故填amazing。
【37題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：巴黎氣候與環(huán)境科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的一項(xiàng)研究證實(shí)了這一成就。根據(jù)該空前的定冠詞The及空后的was可知，所填詞為名詞作主語，可使用名詞achievement的單數(shù)形式。故填achievement。
【38題詳解】
考查動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：該實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究員菲利普?恰伊斯(Philippe Ciais)表示：“這項(xiàng)工程是為了修復(fù)中國西北部受損的農(nóng)田，面積大致相當(dāng)于法國?！备鶕?jù)時間狀語In 1999可知，此處用一般過去時，又因?yàn)閏arry out與It（Grain for Green Program）是被動關(guān)系，空處應(yīng)使用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故填was carried。
【39題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：該實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究員菲利普?恰伊斯(Philippe Ciais)表示：“這項(xiàng)工程是為了修復(fù)中國西北部受損的農(nóng)田，面積大致相當(dāng)于法國?！狈治鲈摼浣Y(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空引導(dǎo)的是一個非限制性定語從句，從句中缺少主語，且先行詞為northwestern China，可使用關(guān)系代詞which在從句中作主語。故填which。
【40題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：蘭州大學(xué)研究員黃建平說：“森林的生長是防治荒漠化的重要而必要的進(jìn)步?！备鶕?jù)句意可知，此處表示并列關(guān)系，可用并列連詞and。故填and。
【41題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，許多引入該地區(qū)的植物比本地植物消耗更多的水。分析該句成分可知，所填詞在此處作后置定語，修飾species。而且introduce與species之間存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式，故填introduced。
【42題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，許多引入該地區(qū)的植物比本地植物消耗更多的水。根據(jù)空前的more water可知，此處用介詞than表示比較。故填than。
【43題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：近年來，它與研究人員和社區(qū)更密切地合作，尋找種植具有經(jīng)濟(jì)價值的不那么渴（需要水）的植物的方法。分析該句成分可知，所填詞在此處作plants的定語，應(yīng)使用所給名詞的形容詞形式thirsty。故填thirsty。
【44題詳解】
考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：所有的項(xiàng)目都需要考慮到當(dāng)?shù)氐那闆r。program為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)空前的定語All及空后的謂語動詞need可知，此處用所給名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填programs。
【45題詳解】
考查代詞。句意：我們應(yīng)該努力保持植被的可持續(xù)發(fā)展，而不是簡單地種植更多的樹。分析句子可知，此處可使用形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞efforts。位于句首時首字母大寫。故填Our。
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié) (滿分15分)
46. 假定你是李華。你的外國筆友Tom對你班開展的課外活動（extracurricular activities）非常感興趣，希望你介紹這方面的有關(guān)情況。請你給他回封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 課外活動介紹；
2. 你最喜歡的活動；
3. 喜歡的原因。
注意：
1. 詞數(shù)100左右；
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Tom,
This year, our class has organized a variety of extracurricular activities, such as planting trees, learning to cook and visiting local museums.
My favorite activity is to visit the museums. Such kinds of trips have not only helped me better understand the history and geography textbooks, but also improved my research skills, since we were always asked to get prepared by searching online or finding useful information in the library before the field trips. I really hope that you can go on a field trip with us in the future.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。假定你是李華。你的外國筆友Tom對你班開展的課外活動（extracurricular activities）非常感興趣，希望你介紹這方面的有關(guān)情況。請你給他回封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：課外活動介紹；你最喜歡的活動；喜歡的原因。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
當(dāng)?shù)氐模簂ocal→native
為……做準(zhǔn)備：get prepared → be ready for
尋找：search→look for
有用的：useful→ be of use
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：This year, our class has organized a variety of extracurricular activities, such as planting trees, learning to cook and visiting local museums.
拓展句：This year, our class has organized a variety of extracurricular activities, which include planting trees, learning to cook and visiting local museums.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】My favorite activity is to visit the museums.（運(yùn)用了動詞不定式作表語）
【高分句型2】Such kinds of trips have not only helped me better understand the history and geography textbooks, but also improved my research skills, since we were always asked to get prepared by searching online or finding useful information in the library before the field trips.（運(yùn)用了since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句）
第二節(jié) (滿分25分)
47. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
After filling out sixty applications, going through three interviews, and winning just one offer, I took what I could get: to teach in a remote area in western New Jersey. I kept reminding myself that I could do what I had always dreamed of doing since I was fourteen: teaching English.
At the school, I worked very hard, only taking time off to eat and sleep. I got along very well with my students who were only seven or eight years younger than me.
But I had a problem long before I knew it. I was struggling in my work as a young idealistic teacher. I wanted to make literature come alive and to promote a love for the written words, while the students preferred to throw paper planes and whisper dirty words in the back of the room.
In college, I had been taught that a successful educator should ignore students’ bad behavior. So I did, feeling confident that, as the textbooks had said, the bad behavior would disappear as I gave my students positive attention. It sounded reasonable, but the textbooks evidently ignored the fact that humans, particularly teenagers, rarely seem reasonable.
By the time the principal, who was always ready to fire bad teachers, came into the classroom to observe my class, the students exhibited very little good behavior. After he settled down in the back of the room, the boys in the class were still making animal noises, hitting each other and the girls filed (修剪) their nails or read magazines.
I just pretended nothing wrong was happening. I went on lecturing and tried to ask some inspiring questions. The principal seemed to be growing more and more annoyed. After twenty minutes, he left, silently. Visions of unemployment marched before my eyes. I only felt mildly comforted that I powered through the rest of the class without crying.
注意：
1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
After class, I was asked to see him.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I made up my mind to make a change.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】After class, I was asked to see him. When I reached his office, I took a deep breath and opened the door. There in the chair sat my boss, with a hardened face. He looked at me for a while, and then handed me an envelope, which definitely added more anxiety to me at that moment. However, my eyes went wide open when I found it was a letter with several suggestions about my teaching, one of which was highlighted in red: An educator should get the students actively engaged.
I made up my mind to make a change. In the next class, when the students seemed to expect another boring English lesson, I cleared my throat and announced, “Boys and girls, let me hear your own voice about my literature lesson.” Suddenly, a complete silence fell over. Flashing a smile, I continued, “Anything you’d like to say!” At this, the class immediately came to life.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者去了偏遠(yuǎn)的荒野地區(qū)——新澤西西部——教英語，在工作中苦苦掙扎，學(xué)生們在教室后面扔紙團(tuán)，說臟話，而作者的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)也特別嚴(yán)格，會開除沒有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師。這天，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)來作者的班上聽課，學(xué)生們沒有收斂，課才上到一半領(lǐng)導(dǎo)就離開了。
【詳解】1. 段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“下課后，他叫我去見他。”可知，第一段可描寫作者去領(lǐng)導(dǎo)辦公室的心情，以及發(fā)生的事情——領(lǐng)導(dǎo)給建議。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“我下定決心做出改變?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫作者下定決心進(jìn)行改變的過程。
2. 續(xù)寫線索：去領(lǐng)導(dǎo)辦公室——感到焦慮羞愧——領(lǐng)導(dǎo)給出建議——受到鼓舞——做出改變——感悟
3. 詞匯激活
動作類
①遞給某人某物：hand sb. sth. / pass sth. to sb.
②宣布：announce / declare / annunciate
情緒類
①冷漠的：hardened / indifferent
②活躍地：actively/energetically/zealously
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] Flashing a smile, I continued, “Anything you’d like to say!” (運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)
[高分句型2] He handed me an envelope, which definitely added more anxiety to me at that moment. (運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)
聽力答案：1~5 BBCAC 6~10 AACBC 11~15 BAABC 16~20 CABBA


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