?第三單元過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)(B卷)
(時(shí)間:90分鐘　滿分:120分)
第一部分　閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
(2019·北京卷)
By the end of the century,if not sooner,the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate,according to a new study.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton.Because of the way light reflects off the organisms,these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface.Ocean colour varies from green to blue,depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas,while reducing it in other spots,leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface,where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen.When these organisms die,they bury carbon in the deep ocean,an important process that helps to regulate the global climate.But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend.Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth,since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz,a scientist in MIT's Center for Global Change Science,built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century.In a world that warms up by 3 ℃,it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer.But in some waters,such as those of the Arctic,a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton,and these areas will turn greener.“Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing,”she said,“but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”
And why does that matter?Phytoplankton are the base of the food web.If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean,Dutkiewicz said,“it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.”Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.
Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable,but they could mean significant changes.“It'll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,”Dutkiewicz said,“but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”
1.What is the major cause that directly results in changes in ocean colour?
A.The temperature of sea water.
B.The type and concentration of phytoplankton.
C.The oxygen given off by phytoplankton.
D.The amount of carbon dioxide in the area.
答案B
解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.”可知,海洋的顏色從綠色到藍(lán)色不等,取決于浮游植物的種類和濃度。故選B項(xiàng)。
2.What can we learn from the passage?
A.Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.
B.Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton changes.
C.Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.
D.Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.
答案D
解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Butinsomewaters,suchasthoseoftheArctic,awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener.”可知在某些海域,氣候變暖給浮游植物提供更成熟的條件,而這些水域?qū)?huì)變得更綠。故選D項(xiàng)。
3.What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.To describe the importance of phytoplankton.
B.To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.
C.To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.
D.To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.
答案B
解析寫(xiě)作意圖題。通過(guò)文章的第一段以及最后一段的內(nèi)容可知,作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的主要目的就是解釋氣候變化對(duì)海洋的影響。故選B項(xiàng)。
B
The snow in Antarctica is turning green and scientists say climate change may be to blame.According to a study at the Cambridge University,microscopic algae blooms across the surface of the snow is slowly turning Antarctica's winter white landscape green.Although microscopic,scientists say they're able to see the “green snow” from space when the algae blooms all together.
Researchers created a large-scale map of green snow algae along the Antarctic coast using a combination of satellite data and on-the-ground observations over the course of two summers.The study found that the green snow algae bloomed in warmer areas where the average temperatures are just above 0℃ during the southern hemisphere's(半球的) summer months from November to February.
“As Antarctica warms,we predict the overall mass of snow algae will increase,” said Dr Andrew Gray,lead author of the paper,and a researcher.Researchers say larger blooms of algae can be found north of the Antarctic and South Shetland Islands,where it can spread to higher ground as the snow melts.
The team also discovered some sea birds and mammals influenced the distribution of algae.Over 60% of algae blooms were found within three miles of a penguin settlement.Scientists hypothesise this may be due to their droppings,which act as a “highly nutritious fertiliser”.
“This is a significant advance in our understanding of land-based life on Antarctica,and how it might change in the coming years as the climate warms,” said Dr Matt Davey in the University of Cambridge's Department of Plant Sciences,who led the study.
4.What is turning the Antarctic snow green?
A.The melting of snow.
B.The blooming algae.
C.The beautiful landscape.
D.The balanced temperature.
答案B
解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“...microscopicalgaebloomsacrossthesurfaceofthesnowisslowlyturningAntarctica'swinterwhitelandscapegreen.”可知,遍布雪表面的微生物藻類的爆發(fā)正在慢慢地將南極洲冬天的白色景觀變成綠色。所以南極洲的雪變綠的原因是藻類的爆發(fā)。故選B項(xiàng)。
5.Where is microscopic algae most likely to bloom in Antarctica?
A.North of the Antarctic.
B.West of the South Pole.
C.South of the Antarctic.
D.Around the southern hemisphere.
答案A
解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“ResearcherssaylargerbloomsofalgaecanbefoundnorthoftheAntarcticandSouthShetlandIslands,...”可知,更大的藻類的爆發(fā)會(huì)在南極洲北部和南設(shè)得蘭群島被發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。
6.What does the underlined word “hypothesise” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A.Confirm. B.Support.
C.Assume. D.Warn.
答案C
解析詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“thismaybeduetotheirdroppings”中的“may”和“dueto”可知,科學(xué)家們是在推測(cè)和假設(shè)原因。故選C項(xiàng)。
7.What can we learn from the text?
A.Penguins feed on microscopic algae.
B.Antarctic algae grow under the snow.
C.Ground observation lasted for four months.
D.Animal droppings contribute to the algae blooms.
答案D
解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文中并未提到企鵝以藻類為食,故A項(xiàng)錯(cuò);根據(jù)第一段中的“acrossthesurfaceofthesnow”可知,藻類覆蓋在雪的表面,故B項(xiàng)錯(cuò);根據(jù)第二段中的“...on-the-groundobservationsoverthecourseoftwosummers.”可知,地面觀察持續(xù)了兩個(gè)夏天,故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò);根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“thismaybeduetotheirdroppings”可知,藻類的爆發(fā)可能是因?yàn)槠簌Z等動(dòng)物的糞便。故選D項(xiàng)。
C
Most scientists are now certain that global warming is taking place.Gases such as carbon dioxide are creating a warm blanket around Earth.This blanket is trapping heat in the atmosphere,and so raising the temperature of Earth.
In Europe,eight of the last ten years have seen record high temperatures.On the other hand,the countries around the Mediterranean Sea are receiving even less rain than before.In Sub-Saharan Africa the crops are drying out in the fields and people are dying of starvation.In 1999,the southern United States was struck by a serious of destructive(毀滅性的) hurricanes.Scientists expect such trends to continue,and to worsen,if global warming cannot be stopped.
In addition to worrying about rising global temperatures and extreme weather conditions,scientists are closely monitoring sea levels around the world.They are slowly rising,as the northern and southern polar ice caps start to melt.This will have serious consequences for low-lying countries near the sea.Already parts of these places are disappearing under the rising sea water.
According to a new research,one contradictory feature of global warming is that it will probably lead to a period of much colder weather.Scientists base their theory on what happened the last time the world warmed up 8,300 years ago.They have discovered that when the ice melted from the northern polar ice cap it became trapped in a lake in northern Canada.As more ice melted,this lake suddenly burst open,pouring millions of tons of freezing fresh water into the North Atlantic.This flood of water prevented the normal flow of water in the Atlantic,which takes warm water from the tropics(熱帶地區(qū)) north to Europe.When this flow of warm water was cut off,temperatures in Europe dropped by between three and eight degrees over the next 200 years.“That's the concern here,”says Richard Alley,an American climate expert.“The climate hasn't varied much in 8,000 years.But big changes could come back!”
8.What is the overall effect of global warming on Europe?
A.A warmer climate.
B.A decline in rainfall.
C.An increase of hurricanes.
D.A decrease of crop production.
答案A
解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“InEurope,eightofthelasttenyearshaveseenrecordhightemperatures.”可知,全球變暖帶給歐洲的影響是氣溫升高。故選A項(xiàng)。
9.What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A.The rising sea level.
B.The melting of icebergs.
C.The increase in disasters.
D.The cause of global warming.
答案A
解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inadditiontoworryingaboutrisingglobaltemperaturesandextremeweatherconditions,scientistsarecloselymonitoringsealevelsaroundtheworld.Theyareslowlyrising,asthenorthernandsouthernpolaricecapsstarttomelt.”可知,本段主要講述持續(xù)上升的海平面。故選A項(xiàng)。
10.How does the author describe the climate change in Europe 8,300 years ago?
A.By offering statistics.
B.By giving an example.
C.By making comparisons.
D.By analysing the process.
答案D
解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可推測(cè),作者通過(guò)分析過(guò)程的方法,陳述了8300年前的那次氣候變化。故選D項(xiàng)。
11.What can we infer from Richard Alley's words?
A.Global climate change will bring more disasters.
B.Global warming will likely produce a colder climate.
C.Global warming will continue for the next two centuries.
D.Global climate will remain unchangeable in the next 8,000 years.
答案B
解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Whenthisflowofwarmwaterwascutoff,temperaturesinEuropedroppedbybetweenthreeandeightdegreesoverthenext200years.”可推測(cè),RichardAlley的意思是全球變暖可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)生一個(gè)更冷的氣候。故選B項(xiàng)。
D
Chinese miners have managed to extract “flammable ice” from the seafloor of the South China Sea,according to the Ministry of Land and Resources.“The successful collection of the frozen fuel is a major breakthrough that may lead to a global energy revolution,” said China's Minister of Land and Resources,Jiang Daming.
“Flammable Ice” is methane hydrates (甲烷水合物) with molecules(分子) of methane gas trapped in ice crystals.It can exist only in conditions of very low temperatures and high pressure.One cubic metre of flammable ice is equal to 164 cubic metres of natural gas,according to the US Energy Information Agency.
“It looks like ice crystals,but you see the methane molecules are caged in by the water molecules,” said Associate Professor Praveen Linga from the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at the National University of Singapore.In spite of the low temperature,the hydrates are easily flammable as the gas trapped in the ice will catch fire once you bring it to a flame.
The discovery is China's first success in the mining of “flammable ice” following almost twenty years of research and exploration,according to the ministry.The miners managed to extract a daily average of 16,000 cubic metres of gas with high purity from the mining site.
The natural gas hydrate is believed to be the best replacement for natural gas and oil.Moreover,it is environmentally safe and in large reserves,according to the head of the China Geological Survey Bureau,Zhong Ziran.
“Many countries along the Maritime Silk Road have a demand for flammable ice.With the advanced technology we can help solve the energy resources problem and boost (促進(jìn)) economic development and exchanges between countries,” said Qiu Haijun.
12.What is Jiang Daming's attitude towards China's extracting “flammable ice”?
A.Neural. B.Positive.
C.Indifferent. D.Uncertain.
答案B
解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“...amajorbreakthroughthatmayleadtoaglobalenergyrevolution...JiangDaming.”可知,JiangDaming對(duì)中國(guó)提取可燃冰持肯定的態(tài)度。故選B項(xiàng)。
13.“Flammable ice” only exists in conditions where 　　　.?
A.the water could be frozen
B.the natural gas or oil is produced
C.the temperatures are low and the pressure is high
D.there is a sea with warm climate like the South China Sea
答案C
解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Itcanexistonlyinconditionsofverylowtemperaturesandhighpressure.”可知,可燃冰只在低溫高壓的條件下才能存在。故選C項(xiàng)。
14.It can be concluded from paragraph 4 that　　　.?
A.it took China great efforts to discover and extract “flammable ice”
B.the mining site of the “flammable ice” is clean
C.16,000 cubic metres of gas could be extracted at most every day
D.it is easy for China to mine “flammable ice” successfully
答案A
解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“followingalmosttwentyyearsofresearchandexploration”可推斷出,中國(guó)在發(fā)現(xiàn)和開(kāi)采可燃冰的過(guò)程中付出了很大的努力。故選A項(xiàng)。
15.What is the significance of the Chinese major breakthrough of “flammable ice”?
A.It is the most important mining discovery in history.
B.The mining site will attract many tourists.
C.Many countries along the Maritime Silk Road support it.
D.It may lead to a global energy revolution as an alternative fuel.
答案D
解析主旨大意題。本文主要報(bào)道了中國(guó)在南海連續(xù)試采可燃冰中所取得的突破,并預(yù)言這一突破可能會(huì)引發(fā)全球性的能源革命。這一重大突破的重要性在于——可燃冰作為一種可替代能源可能會(huì)引發(fā)全球性的能源革命。故選D項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)
閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Ice sheets covering three-quarters of Greenland,the world's largest island,are melting at a fast pace.　16　 Such prediction was made from the findings of an international team of researchers,including representatives from the Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI).?
Climate researcher Ruth Mottram said in a DMI press release,“If global warming continues as before—what we call the high emission scenario,then the temperature will be likely to rise by a further 4.0 to 6.6 degrees by the year 2100.”　17　 And the researchers added that the polar regions are more sensitive to climate change.?
　18　 By using them they can calculate the extent that the melting of Greenland's inland ice would contribute to the global sea level,by examining the unstable relationship between the change in summer temperatures in Greenland and the ice's surface mass-balance over the last 30 years.“Our research shows that we should expect an increase of 10 to 12.5 centimetres in global sea level by the year 2100 as a direct result of increased ice melting and loss of surface mass from the Greenland ice sheet alone,” said Mottram.?
John Cappelen,senior climatologist(氣候?qū)W家) at DMI and member of the research team,stressed the seriousness of the team's findings and called all people and countries to obey the Paris Agreement as a way to limit the global warming.“　19　 Otherwise we can't limit the global warming,” said Cappelen.?
The Paris Agreement was agreed by the 195 member economies in Paris in 2015,with the goal of reducing global warming.　20　?
A.It's really a pity.
B.Something must happen to our behaviour.
C.We must do something to protect Greenland.
D.However,some countries want to quit the agreement.
E.Such a rise in temperature is significantly greater than we expect.
F.Researchers used the latest global and regional climate modeling tools.
G.By the end of this century,sea levels could rise by about 12.5 centimetres.
答案16.G　17.E　18.F　19.B　20.D
第二部分　語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
The last fully complete ice shelf in the Canadian Arctic has collapsed(坍塌).The Milne Ice Shelf is 　21　 Ellesmere Island,Canada.The shelf lost 　22　 40 percent of its area in just two days at the end of July.?
Above normal air temperatures,offshore winds and open water in front of the ice shelf are all parts of the 　23　 for its break-up.The shelf's area shrank by about 80 square kilometres.By comparison,the island of Manhattan in New York 　24　 about 60 square kilometres.Temperatures in the polar area have been 　25　 intense(強(qiáng)烈的).Summer in the Canadian Arctic this year has been 5 degrees Celsius 　26　 the 30-year average.That has 　27　 smaller ice caps,　28　 can melt quickly.As a glacier disappears,more bedrock is left 　29　.This then speeds up the melting　30　.A research camp,including instruments for measuring water flow through the ice shelf,was lost when the shelf at Ellesmere Island collapsed.?
“It was only a 　31　 of time,”said Mark Serreze,director of the National Snow and Ice Data Centre.His study showed the ice caps were　32　 to disappear within five years.Their disappearance was 　33　 last month,when NASA satellite images of the area showed a complete lack of snow and ice.Serreze's 　34　 trip to the Arctic was many years ago.“When I was there in the 1980s,I knew every square inch of those ice caps,”Serreze said.“You have the good 　35　.It's like your first girlfriend.”?
21.A.at the edge of B.in front of
C.at the back of D.at the end of
答案A
解析句意:米爾恩冰架位于加拿大埃爾斯米爾島的邊緣。attheedgeof“在……的邊緣”;infrontof“在……的前面”;atthebackof“在……的后部”;attheendof“在……的結(jié)尾”。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知,米爾恩冰架位于加拿大埃爾斯米爾島的邊緣。故選A項(xiàng)。
22.A.rather than B.less than
C.other than D.more than
答案D
解析句意:七月底,僅僅兩天時(shí)間,冰架面積就減少了40%以上。ratherthan“而不是”;lessthan“少于”;otherthan“除了”;morethan“多于”。根據(jù)上文“ThelastfullycompleteiceshelfintheCanadianArctichascollapsed.”可知,加拿大北極地區(qū)最后一個(gè)完整的冰架崩塌了。由此推知,七月底冰架面積減少了很多。故選D項(xiàng)。
23.A.situations B.conditions
C.elements D.problems
答案C
解析句意:高于正常氣溫、離岸風(fēng)和大陸架前的開(kāi)放水域都是導(dǎo)致其斷裂的因素。situation“情況”;condition“條件”;element“要素”;problem“問(wèn)題”。故選C項(xiàng)。
24.A.combines B.covers
C.evaluates D.obtains
答案B
解析句意:相比之下,紐約的曼哈頓島占地大約60平方千米。combine“組合,結(jié)合”;cover“覆蓋”;evaluate“評(píng)價(jià)”;obtain“獲得”。根據(jù)“60squarekilometres”可知,此處表示島嶼覆蓋的范圍。故選B項(xiàng)。
25.A.seriously B.especially
C.naturally D.nearly
答案B
解析句意:極地地區(qū)的氣溫尤其高。seriously“嚴(yán)重地”;especially“尤其”;naturally“自然地”;nearly“幾乎”。根據(jù)上文“Abovenormalairtemperatures,...”可知,極地地區(qū)的氣溫尤其高。故選B項(xiàng)。
26.A.down B.below
C.up D.above
答案D
解析句意:今年加拿大北極地區(qū)的夏季比30年來(lái)的平均氣溫高出5攝氏度。down“向下”;below“在……下面”;up“向上”;above“在……之上”。根據(jù)上文“Theshelflost　　　40percentofitsareainjusttwodaysattheendofJuly.”可知,冰架的融化是由于今年的氣溫比往年更高。故選D項(xiàng)。?
27.A.reduced B.broken
C.threatened D.brought
答案C
解析句意:這已經(jīng)威脅到了可以迅速融化的小冰蓋。reduce“減少”;break“破壞”;threaten“使驚嚇”;bring“帶來(lái)”。根據(jù)下文“Thisthenspeedsupthemelting　　　.”可知,加速融化對(duì)小冰蓋的存在產(chǎn)生了威脅。故選C項(xiàng)。?
28.A.which B.that
C.where D.whose
答案A
解析句意同上。which關(guān)系代詞,指物;that關(guān)系代詞,可以指物或者指人;where關(guān)系副詞,作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ);whose關(guān)系代詞,表示“誰(shuí)的”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞“smallericecaps”在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ),需用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故選A項(xiàng)。
29.A.uncovered B.different
C.predictable D.spotted
答案A
解析句意:隨著冰川的消失,更多的基巖裸露在外。uncovered“裸露的;無(wú)覆蓋的”;different“不同的”;predictable“可預(yù)見(jiàn)的”;spotted“有花點(diǎn)的”。根據(jù)“Asaglacierdisappears,...”可知,因?yàn)楸ǖ娜诨?很多基巖裸露在外。故選A項(xiàng)。
30.A.programme B.progress
C.project D.process
答案D
解析句意:這就加速了融化過(guò)程。programme“項(xiàng)目”;progress“進(jìn)步”;project“方案;工程”;process“過(guò)程;進(jìn)程”。根據(jù)“Asaglacierdisappears,morebedrockisleft...”可知,冰川融化,基巖裸露加速了融化的過(guò)程。故選D項(xiàng)。
31.A.question B.thing
C.matter D.concept
答案C
解析句意:一切只是時(shí)間問(wèn)題。question“問(wèn)題”;thing“事情”;matter“問(wèn)題”;concept“概念,觀念”。根據(jù)上文“Aresearchcamp,includinginstrumentsformeasuringwaterflowthroughtheiceshelf,waslostwhentheshelfatEllesmereIslandcollapsed.”可知,當(dāng)埃爾斯米爾島冰架崩塌時(shí),伴隨營(yíng)地消失的還有測(cè)量流經(jīng)冰架的水流量的儀器。由此推知,此處表示上面的這些事物消失只是時(shí)間的問(wèn)題。故選C項(xiàng)。
32.A.possibly B.likely
C.probably D.surely
答案B
解析句意:他的研究表明,冰蓋有可能在五年內(nèi)消失。possibly“有可能地”;likely“可能;或許”;probably“很可能;大概”;surely“必定;當(dāng)然”。sb/sthbelikelytodosth為固定短語(yǔ),意為“有可能做某事”。故選B項(xiàng)。
33.A.simplified B.launched
C.confirmed D.accompanied
答案C
解析句意:上個(gè)月,美國(guó)國(guó)家宇航局的衛(wèi)星圖像顯示,該地區(qū)完全沒(méi)有冰雪,這也證實(shí)了冰蓋消失的事實(shí)。simplify“使簡(jiǎn)化”;launch“發(fā)起;發(fā)動(dòng)”;confirm“證實(shí)”;accompany“陪伴”。根據(jù)“...whenNASAsatelliteimagesoftheareashowedacompletelackofsnowandice.”可知,此處用科技手段證實(shí)了冰蓋的消失。故選C項(xiàng)。
34.A.research B.search
C.culture D.business
答案A
解析句意:Serreze的北極考察之旅是許多年前的事了。research“調(diào)查;研究”;search“搜尋;搜索”;culture“文化”;business“生意”。根據(jù)“triptotheArctic”可知,此處表示去極地考察的旅行。故選A項(xiàng)。
35.A.dreams B.ideas
C.attitudes D.memories
答案D
解析句意:你有美好的回憶。dream“夢(mèng)想”;idea“想法;主意”;attitude“態(tài)度”;memory“回憶”。根據(jù)上文“WhenIwasthereinthe1980s,Ikneweverysquareinchofthoseicecaps...”可知,根據(jù)Serreze的描述,當(dāng)年的極地考察之旅是美好的回憶。故選D項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe(探測(cè)器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—36.　　　　　　(touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.Landing on the moon's far side is 37.　　　　　　　(extreme) challenging.Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe,China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 38. it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.The far side of the moon is of particular 39.　　　　　(interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(環(huán)形山),more so 40.　　　　　 the familiar near side.Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4 41.　　　　　(find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.“This really excites scientists,”Carle Pieters,a scientist at Brown University,says,“because it 42.　　　　　　(mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 43.　　　　　　　(construct).” Data about the moon's composition,such as how 44.　　　　　　 ice and other treasures it contains,could help China decide whether 45.(it) plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are practical.?
答案36.touched　37.extremely　38.where　39.interest 40.than　41.to find　42.means　43.is constructed 44.much　45.its
第三部分　寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
假如你是李華,“世界海洋日”即將來(lái)臨。請(qǐng)代表校學(xué)生會(huì)用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一封倡議書(shū),呼吁大家保護(hù)海洋動(dòng)物。內(nèi)容包括:
1.發(fā)出倡議的緣由;
2.如何保護(hù)海洋動(dòng)物;
3.號(hào)召大家一起行動(dòng)。
注意:
1.詞數(shù)80左右;
2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫;
3.參考詞匯:世界海洋日 World Oceans Day
?
?
?
?
參考范文
Dear fellows,
With the approaching of World Oceans Day,we would like to call on everyone to protect marine animals.
Each year,millions of marine animals die from hunting and environmental pollution.Therefore,effective measures should be adopted before things get worse.It is necessary to avoid purchasing products made from any endangered marine animals.Besides,please don't throw rubbish into the ocean which will pollute marine animals' living conditions.
It is time that we joined our hands to preserve marine animals and create a harmonious home for them.
The Students' Union
January 12th
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。
Mama and I spend mornings cleaning up the dirt that blows into our house.Mama says all the dust is due to the drought,not only here in the Oklahoma panhandle(狹長(zhǎng)地帶) but all over the Great Plains.
The dirt sifts into everything.It covers our clothes.We have to wash the dishes before each meal.It also slips into the automobiles horn(喇叭).Although Papa has fixed it,he fears the dust from the road will ruin the motor.So we have to walk to school.
On the way to school,my sister,Faye,and I wear kerchiefs over our mouths so we don't breathe in the dirt.On days when the air is so bad that they close the school,we stay home and help Mama put sheets over the windows.But the dirt always finds a way in.
Last Sunday,there was no dirt in the air,only bright spring sunshine and a clear blue sky.After church,Papa headed out to the field to check on the cattle while Mama started dinner.Faye and I played in the yard.The temperature suddenly dropped—it felt good.The heat had been building since dawn.
Then Mama shouted from the house,“Iris,you and Faye get inside.Be quick!”
I looked to the west and saw a huge black cloud of dust,like thick smoke pouring out from a chimney.All the birds flew away.“Faye,go with Mama!” I shouted,“I'll warn Papa.”
Faye raced towards the house.The storm hit so fast,I barely saw her climb the porch steps.Fine sand heaved against my face and in an instant the day turned into night.I stumbled over our bicycles left carelessly in the yard.I screamed for Papa,hoping my voice would lead him back.
The dirt and sand stung my skin like a thousand bees.I needed to get to shelter.Covering my face with one hand,I felt my way towards the automobile and I opened the door.Dirt flew in with me as I pulled the door closed.Papa was
still out there!I needed to help him find the automobile.Worried as I was,I managed to calm myself down.
IwasfiguringoutwhattodowhenIcaughtsightoftheswitchforthefrontlightsandthehorn. ?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
SuddenlyPapa'sfaceappearedatthewindow. ?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
參考范文
IwasfiguringoutwhattodowhenIcaughtsightoftheswitchforthefrontlightsandthehorn.They made some rays,but would Papa see them in thick darkness?I pushed the horn again and again,hoping Papa would hear it.I was waiting silently in the automobile,but there was nothing except the wind.I became more and more desperate.
SuddenlyPapa'sfaceappearedatthewindow.With clothes covered his face,he opened the door and climbed onto the seat next to me.He coughed and wiped his eyes with dirty hands,then pulled me into his arms.I hugged Papa and cried.Papa asked,“Where are your mother and Faye?” I said,“They are in the house.” Papa nodded,“Good.” Finally,the huge black cloud of dust cleared off and the dirt started to settle.We went home as Mama and Faye walked out.I cried,tears of joy because our family had survived the horrible storm.

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高中英語(yǔ)人教版 (2019)選擇性必修 第四冊(cè)電子課本

Unit 3 Sea Exploration

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年級(jí)： 選擇性必修 第四冊(cè)

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