?2022年普通高校招生統(tǒng)一考試
湖南四大名校名師團(tuán)隊(duì)猜題卷（A）
英語(yǔ)
注意事項(xiàng)：
1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。
2. 回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。
3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
【原創(chuàng)】第一部分 聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）
做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the man want to drink?
A. Tea. B. Water. C. Coffee.
2. Why is the woman talking to the man?
A. To ask for directions. B. To know the current time. C. To make friends with him.
3. What will the man do on Sunday night?
A. Attend Debbie’s birthday party.
B. Choose a present for Debbie.
C. Go shopping with Debbie.
4. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Read the words aloud. B. Review the words repeatedly. C. Join words together to make a sentence.
5. What time did the man call the woman?
A. At 7:15 p.m. B. At 7:00 p.m. C. At 6:45 p.m.
第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。
6. Who is the woman probably?
A. A customer. B. A manager. C. A sales assistant.
7. What is the man going to do?
A. Find a new job. B. Buy a computer. C. Speak to Julie.
聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。
8. What is wrong with the woman’s blouse?
A. It is broken. B. It is dirty. C. It is wet.
9. What will the woman do with her blouse next?
A. Save it for future. B. Take it to the dry cleaners. C. Put it into the washing machine.
聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。
10. Why did the speakers meet today?
A. To have a meeting. B. To take a class. C. To do sports.
11. What sport has the man taken up recently?
A. Mountain biking. B. Sailing. C. Yoga.
12. What is the woman interested in?
A. Sports. B. Gardening. C. Going out with friends.
聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Shopkeeper and customer. B. Gardener and visitor. C. Co-workers.
14. What fruit does the man grow?
A. Watermelons. B. Bananas. C. Strawberries.
15. Which fruit does the woman like best?
A. Apples. B. Bananas. C. Watermelons.
16. What do the speakers disagree about?
A. Whether vegetables are healthy.
B. Whether a garden is easy to grow.
C. Whether much fruit should be eaten.
聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。
17. What is the main purpose of the talk?
A. To explain the procedures of making news.
B. To apply for a position.
C. To introduce a course.
18. How does the speaker describe his first job experience?
A. Difficult. B. Valuable. C. Interesting.
19. What should the listeners do first before the training?
A. Introduce themselves. B. Hand in their forms. C. Read the textbook.
20. Where is the talk probably taking place?
A. At a college. B. At a court. C. At a newspaper.
第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）
第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
【原創(chuàng)】A
Kauai Waimea Canyon & Koke’e Adventure
Depart: 7:30 am Return: 5:30 pm
$170.00
Journey through the heart of Kauai’s countryside where you’ll view what Mark Twain described as the “Grand Canyon of the Pacific.” Then hike down a nature trail in Koke’e State Park for an easy hike surrounded by native Hawaiian plants and animals.
PRICE INCLUDES: Lunch from Waimea Plantation Cottages
Kauai Movie Adventure
Depart: 7:00 AM Return: 11:00 AM
$170.00
A movie adventure tour for young and old, movie and nature lovers! You’ll visit many famous sites on Kauai where Hollywood blockbusters and TV shows were filmed. Your backstage pass will take you to scenic locations with your film buff guide and you’ll even view video of those notable films.
PRICE INCLUDES: Round-Trip Transportation
Big Island Volcano Tour
Depart: 7:45 AM Return: 7:00 PM
$170.00
Discover the source of Hawaii Island’s creation at Hawaii Volcanoes National Park! Explore waterfalls, craters (火山口), and the tsunami-stricken city of Hilo on this comprehensive volcano adventure tour. Bear witness to the 2018 eruption that dramatically changed the island’s landscape.
PRICE INCLUDES: Round-Trip Transportation, Expert Driver Guide, Admission to Volcanoes National Park
Road to Hana Tour
Depart: 7:00 AM Return: 6:30 PM
$214. 00
We provide the best way to fully experience the incredible 620 curves and beautiful 59 single-lane bridges along the way. We will make stops along the way at some of the most well-known locations, including a conditions-permitting waterfall swim stop. And the exclusive lunch is the best in Hana.
PRICE INCLUDES: Round-Trip Transportation, Expert Driver Guide, Continental Breakfast.
21. When does the Big Island Volcano Tour leave?
A. 7:00 a.m. B. 7:30 a.m. C. 7:45 a.m. D. 7:45 p.m.
22. What could tourists probably do during Road to Hana Tour?
A. Drive along the bridge. B. Swim under the waterfall.
C. Make stops at the beach. D. Have an exclusive free lunch.
23. What do these tours have in common?
A. They are for nature lovers. B. They last till late afternoon.
C. They provide tour guide service. D. They are filmed in TV shows.
【原創(chuàng)】B
As human beings retreat (退回) into their homes with the covid-19 expanding across the world, nature seems to be taking back urban areas.
According to The Straits Times, many wild animals have recently skipped onto empty streets in many cities. In Spain, a wild boar (野豬) climbed down the hills and wandered around Barcelona. Sika deer nosed their way around the deserted subway stations of Nara in Japan. It is certainly great news for species because this is the habitat they once had and that humans have taken away from them.
Hundreds of years ago, people lived in harmony with wildlife. They shared natural resources from sunlight to water and from forests to land. But as human beings evolved and formed their own civilizations, they fought with animals for more space and resources. Gradually, human beings came to lose connection with nature. More skyscrapers were built to meet the needs of the flock of people in the cities, which drove away many wild animals from their habitats.
However, the recent lockdown of cities during the pandemic gives a chance of freeing space for other animals and reflecting on humans’ relationship with nature. Stuck indoors, with their worlds reduced to a few square meters, urban people have suddenly become keen bird-watchers. They have realized that the sky is a great arena—anything can fly past and, at the very least, it will give them peace. The message is simple: keep looking up.
Right now the most important phenomenon perhaps is humans’ relationship with nature is changing—with people locked up in their homes realizing how much they miss nature. More importantly, by missing nature, humans may come to respect—and live in harmony with—nature once again.
24. What keeps human beings indoors according to the text?
A. Expansion of the world. B. Spread of a disease.
C. Return of wild animals. D. Retreat of urban areas.
25. Which is a benefit of being locked down?
A. A quieter city. B. A busier sky.
C. A better human-nature relationship. D. A civilized habitat.
26. What does the underlined word “arena” mean in the fourth paragraph?
A. Stage. B. Room. C. Cage. D. Message box.
27. Which of the following is a suitable title of the text?
A. Mankind wins. B. Nature rages. C. Wildlife moves in. D. Citizens resist.
【原創(chuàng)】C
In 2000, famed evolutionary theorist Stephen Jay Gould said, “There’s been no biological change in humans in 40,000 or 50,000 years. We’ve built everything we call culture and civilization with the same body and brain.” Now, 22 years later, most evolutionary biologists beg to differ. Natural selection is still operating on humans, they say—and they have evidence to back up the claim.
Sarah Tishkoff, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Pennsylvania, cites an example of natural selection still going on today. Some people have a genetic variant that protects them from malaria (瘧疾), which infects and kills millions of people every day. These people will be more likely to live and pass on that variant to their children.
Scientists have been able to discover many examples of ongoing natural selection thanks to a technology: the ability to sequence (測(cè)定序列) the human genome quickly and inexpensively. But not all the tools that uncover such evidence are so high tech. Church records that list births, marriages, and deaths offer a unique window into evolution on a population.
Scott Solomon, an evolutionary biologist at Rice University, dug into this type of data and found that natural selection favors an earlier start to reproduction—in other words, more time to have children. The more children, the more chances are for evolution.
There’s another important actor in this evolutionary play: culture. When people move from one population to another, they take their genes with them, and that changes the genes in both the populations they leave and the ones they join. “That is actually one of the most important systems for modern human evolution,” Scott says. “In the last couple of hundred years, and certainly in the last century, human populations have been mixing like never before.”
28. Why does the author mention genetic variant in the 2nd paragraph?
A. To explain a biological phenomenon. B. To prove an evolutionary theory.
C. To stress the seriousness of malaria. D. To highlight efforts by scientists.
29. What may contribute to the discovery of ongoing natural selection?
A. Rapid genetic changes. B. Increasing research budget.
C. Birth records from the government. D. Advancement in technology.
30. What can we infer from Scott Solomon’s study?
A. Church records show a trend of early reproduction.
B. Population movement has reached the peak.
C. More children will benefit the whole society.
D. Culture influences evolution greater than technology.
31. What is the purpose of this text?
A. To present a new point of view. B. To argue against natural selection.
C. To defend Stephen Jay Gould. D. To explore a new method.
【原創(chuàng)】D
There are traditionally two ways to make a leather jacket. One involves a cow, and takes years. The other involves man-made material and requires plastic. But there’s a third option: fungus(真菌).
Over the last decade, companies like Bolt Threads have begun manufacturing (制造) and selling fungal leather as an environmentally sustainable replacement for both cow skin and plastic. Previously, there wasn’t much research to support their claims. But a study published by Dr. Alexander Bismarck, a materials scientist at the University of Vienna, and his colleagues last week in Nature Sustainability finds that fungal leather works quite well when it comes to usefulness and sustainability.
Wearing fungal leather doesn’t mean wearing a motorcycle jacket made from mushrooms. Instead it’s made from a mat of mycelium, the threadlike root networks from which fruiting bodies spring up after rain. These mycelial mats grow easily on just about any organic material. Dr. Bismarck said the potential for custom materials is huge.
Fungal leather is potentially more sustainable than other leather sources. The tanning process (making animal skin into leather by treating it with chemicals) is energy-consuming and produces quite a bit of waste-and the production of man-made leather requires plastic, which involves oil. “You’re getting a biological organism to do all of your manufacturing for you, so there’s no real energy requirement,” said Mitchell Jones, lead author from the Vienna University of Technology. “Once you’ve got this material, you can process it according to quite simple chemical treatments compared to what you normally do for leather tanning.”
The fungal leather industry is still in its early stages, and is largely producing proofs of concept for the luxury market; prototypes (樣品) of Bolt Threads’ fungal leather handbag sold for about $400. But Dr. Jones believes that the costs are likely to drop as the industry grows, saying “The technology to mass-produce mushrooms is already there.”
32. What may be the main purpose of the new research?
A. To predict the future of the fungal leather industry.
B. To compare some different ways to make leather.
C. To test a group of sustainable leather sources.
D. To evaluate the performance of fungal leather.
33. Which of the following are used to produce fungal leather?
A. Mycelial mats. B. Fruiting bodies. C. Mushrooms’ caps. D. Mushrooms’ stems.
34. What is an advantage of fungal leather over traditional leather?
A. It seldom needs leather tanning. B. It involves cheaper chemicals.
C. It needs less processing time. D. It saves a lot of energy.
35. What does Dr. Jones think of Bolt Threads’ fungal leather handbags?
A. They will flood the luxury market. B. Their prices can be lowered easily.
C. They may threaten the mushroom industry. D. Their popularity in the future is sceptical.
【原創(chuàng)】第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2. 5分，滿(mǎn)分12. 5分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
We are so focused on building relationships with others that we often forget the essential first step: being friends of ourselves. 36 . How can we have good relationships with others if we don’t even have good relationship with ourselves?
The problem might be worse than we expect. 37 . Here is a simple checklist; is there anything you don’t like about yourself from the list?
●Your past
Maybe you have made mistakes in the past which you feel bad about. You might be disappointed with yourself on why you could make such mistakes. Even if that happened in distant past, your subconscious mind still has a reason not to like yourself.
38
You might wish that you were born in a different family. Maybe you could not accept the fact that you are not as lucky as others, who seem to get whatever they want effortlessly just because of their background.
●Your personality traits
You might have some personality traits that you don’t like. For example, you may be an introvert (性格內(nèi)向者) and you don’t like it; you wish you are an extrovert. 39 , and no matter how hard you have tried, it might seem impossible for you to match them. You might then think that it’s because you are not smart enough or don’t have enough talents. All these give reasons to you not to like yourself. That in turn makes it difficult for you to be a good friend to yourself.
Fortunately, there are always things you can do to fix the situation. Forgive yourself, accept things you can’t change, focus on your strengths and always be true to yourself! Even if I have lost every other friend on earth, I shall at least have one friend left. 40 .
A. It shall be down inside of me
B. That is the crucial first step if we are to have good relationships with others
C. Your background
D. Maybe we don’t like ourselves without realizing it
E. We have to solve the problem
F. Besides, other people might have better achievements than you
G. You might have tried to make great achievements
第三部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）
【原創(chuàng)】第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
“Mother Serious. Start Immediately,” said the express telegram, throwing our entire house into chaos. My mother began crying, while my father began 41 quickfire instructions to my two brothers and me to pack for the six-and-a-half-hour journey to our village in Rajoli.
At 12, 11 and 9 years old, we boys were too 42 to sense the mood, and were excited at the 43 holiday. After a long bus ride, we had to cross a river. But the river was full and there were no boats to 44 us across.
Clearly we were in a 45 , unable to move forward or go back home. The only 46 in the area was an old inspection bungalow. Its doors were locked. My brothers and I remained 47 our difficult situation-we played in the garden until hunger and tiredness overtook us.
By dusk, our father was a 48 man, with no clue about our next move. Suddenly, we 49 a lone man walking towards us. He was the bungalow: 50 . As Father explained our 51 situation, he let us into the building and asked us if we had had anything to eat. The three of us shook our heads. He then 52 to the riverbank with a towel, where he caught a couple of fish using it as a net, made a fire and started cleaning and cooking the 53 .
It was a simple meal, but the watchman’s 54 and selfless generosity made it a 55 . I’ve never forgotten in the 50-odd years.
41. A. reporting B. following C. delivering D. relaying
42. A. sick B. silly C. risky D. young
43. A. unexpected B. indifferent C. ignored D. spoiled
44. A. push B. put C. lift D. ferry
45. A. danger B. dilemma C. battle D. circle
46. A. place B. chance C. structure D. difference
47. A. unaware of B. interested in C. confused about D. excited about
48. A. surprised B. determined C. calm D. worried
49. A. recognised B. spotted C. greeted D. stopped
50. A. owner B. visitor C. designer D. watchman
51. A. doubtful B. laughable C. unpleasant. D. explored
52. A. set off B. searched around C. hurried back D. gave way
53. A. vegetables B. meal C. catch D. victim
54. A. kindness B. patience C. honesty D. wisdom
55. A. moment B. feast C. pride D. difference
【原創(chuàng)】第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The journalists from home and abroad for Beijing 2022 were invited to an online city tour of Wuhan in 56 (center) China at the Main Media Center here on Sunday.
The theme of 57 online tour is “Visit the Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan and taste the flavor of life by the Yangtze River.”
58 the tour, journalists were able to overlook the city landscape on the top floor of Yellow Crane Tower, one of 59 (famous) towers that boast a long history. They also learned about Han embroidery and local food.
Video reporter of China Media Group Zhu Shuying said, “I’m very happy 60 (participate) in this activity 61 makes my life in the closed-loop more colorful.”
This was the 19th online tour organized by the Beijing 2022 62 (organizer) since January 7, which has attracted more than 900 Chinese and foreign reporters. Previous tours 63 (include)themes like visiting the Palace Museum to know the restoration techniques of cultural relics, 64 (explore) the ritual and music culture of China in Qufu, Shandong, and embracing diverse “Fu” culture in Three Lanes and Seven Alleys, Fuzhou, Fujian.
Ian Whitbread of Getty Images said in an interview in January that the online tour gave him the chance to feel the charm of Chinese traditional culture and get a better understanding of Beijing and other Chinese cities despite the closed-loop (閉環(huán)) 65 (manage).
The online city tours will continue until the end of the 2022 Paralympic Games on March 13.
第四部分 寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）
【原創(chuàng)】第一節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分15分）
你校校報(bào)的英文專(zhuān)欄向全校同學(xué)征集稿件宣傳世界地球日（4月22日），請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文配下面這幅圖向校報(bào)投稿。內(nèi)容包括：
1. 地球面臨的問(wèn)題；
2. 呼吁采取行動(dòng)。
注意：1. 寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)80左右；
2. 可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，使行文連貫。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【原創(chuàng)】第二節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分25分）
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Gains and Losses
Most of us have experienced unforgettable moments in our lives. The moment that I will never forget happened in my family.
For the first fifteen years of my life, I was the only child in my family. I didn’t have any siblings. Fortunately, I’ve always had my parents who love and care about me a lot. They help solve any problem and they will do anything for me. What I’d never really thought about is that someday one of them could no longer be there for me.
One day found out that my mother was pregnant, which was big news in my family. Everyone was excited and happy, especially me. I imagined that I would have a baby brother, and I thought about playing and having fun with him. He would have a cute face and look at me with his naive eyes, begging me to play with him. I was expecting that day to come soon. I kept asking my mother questions about what my brother was going to look like, what he would eat and when he was going to be born.
Finally one morning, my mother went into labor and she and my father went to the hospital while I went to school. Of course, I thought everything would be fine. After all, women have babies every day. Thus, I was hoping to see my baby brother as soon as I got to the hospital.
After school, when I went to the hospital, my brother had already been born. But my mother was still inside the operating room, while my father waited anxiously outside. After waiting for a long time, the doctor came out and told us that after my mother had given birth to my brother, they had trouble stopping the bleeding. He told us not to worry; my mother would be fine. Then, he went back into the operating room. Seconds later, lots of doctors and nurses rushed inside, My father and I were growing more anxious by the minute. Waiting was very painful for us, because we had finally realized that anything could happen and all we could do was wait.
注意：1. 所續(xù)寫(xiě)短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2. 續(xù)寫(xiě)部分分為兩段，每段開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好。
At 7 P.M, my mother came out of surgery. ______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My mother survived that night. _______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________





2022年普通高校招生統(tǒng)一考試
湖南四大名校名師團(tuán)隊(duì)猜題卷（A）
英語(yǔ)參考答案
1-5. BAACC 6-10. ACBBA 11-15. BBCCA 16-20. CCBBA
21. C. 根據(jù)Big Island Volcano Tour欄目下的介紹（Depart: 7:45 AM），出發(fā)時(shí)間為早上7：45，故選C. depart意為“出發(fā)”。
22. B。根據(jù)“We will make stops along the way at some of the most well-known locations, including a conditions-permitting waterfall swim stop.”可知，在著名景點(diǎn)會(huì)停留，包括在條件允許的瀑布游泳點(diǎn)。因此游客可以在瀑布下游泳。
23. A。通覽全文可知，每一個(gè)項(xiàng)目能看到美麗的自然景觀，故選A，他們都適合熱愛(ài)自然的人。
24. B。由第一段“with the covid-19 expanding across the world”可知答案。
25. C。人類(lèi)被封，反思自己對(duì)待自然的態(tài)度，然后會(huì)主動(dòng)改善與自然的關(guān)系。
26. A。由第四段可知，城里人被關(guān)在房子里出不去，只好天天仰望天空，那就像一個(gè)大舞臺(tái)，任何東西都有可能從天空經(jīng)過(guò)（可以看到形形色色的事，只要抬頭看即可）。
27. C。文章以野生動(dòng)物進(jìn)入城市為線(xiàn)索，談及進(jìn)入到哪些地方，之前為什么被趕出城市，現(xiàn)在形勢(shì)的變化等方面探討人類(lèi)與大自然之間應(yīng)該保持的關(guān)系。
28. B。推理判斷題。第二段舉了一個(gè)例子，有些人因?yàn)榛蜃儺?，能免于感染瘧疾，并把這種基因遺傳給他們的后代。根據(jù)“Sarah Tishkoff, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Pennsylvania, cites an example of natural selection still going on today.”可知，這個(gè)例證是為了說(shuō)明自然選擇在今天仍然在發(fā)生著。所以作者提到這個(gè)基因變異的例子是為了佐證這種新的進(jìn)化理論。
29. D。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段“Scientists have been able to discover many examples of ongoing natural selection thanks to a technology”可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)正在進(jìn)行的自然選擇主要得益于科技的進(jìn)步。
30. B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“In the last couple of hundred years, and certainly in the last century, human populations have been mixing like never before.”可知，在過(guò)去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)，人類(lèi)社會(huì)人口遷移前所未有。故選B。
31. A。主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段可知，進(jìn)化生物學(xué)家提出了一種新觀點(diǎn)，在近現(xiàn)代時(shí)期，自然選擇仍在發(fā)生。
【主題語(yǔ)境】人與自然——環(huán)境保護(hù)
【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。奧地利科學(xué)家研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，用真菌制成的皮革性能很好。
32. D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Previously, there wasn’t much research to support their claims. But a study… finds that fungal leather works quite well可知，這項(xiàng)研究的主要目的應(yīng)該是評(píng)估真菌皮革的性能。
33. A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的 Instead it’s made from a mat of mycelium, the threadlike root networks from which fruiting bodies spring up after rain（相反，它是由一層菌絲體構(gòu)成的，這種絲狀的根網(wǎng)可以在雨后產(chǎn)生子實(shí)體）可知，真菌皮革是由菌絲墊制成的。fruiting body意為“子實(shí)體”，菌絲體孢子果真菌的一種器官，也稱(chēng)為果實(shí)體。
34. D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的so there’s no real energy requirement可知，真菌皮革的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之一是制作過(guò)程中不怎么消耗能量。
35. B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的But Dr. Jones believes that the costs are likely to drop as the industry grows可知，Dr. Jones認(rèn)為，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在大規(guī)模栽培菌類(lèi)的技術(shù)比較成熟，所以真菌皮革的成本很有可能降下來(lái)，這樣真菌皮革的價(jià)格也會(huì)隨之下降。注：proof of concept意為“概念驗(yàn)證”，是對(duì)某些想法的一個(gè)較短而不完整的實(shí)現(xiàn)，以證明其可行性。選項(xiàng)A中的luxury markets（奢侈品市場(chǎng)）在本文中并未涉及，屬于無(wú)中生有。選項(xiàng)C明顯屬于偷換概念，文中的fungal leather生產(chǎn)是實(shí)際上與mushroom industry（蘑菇行業(yè)）根本毫無(wú)交集，不屬于同一概念。
36. B。That是指being friends of ourselves。易誤選E。36題后面并未涉及解決辦法。
37. D。既然我們可能沒(méi)有意識(shí)到自己不喜歡自己，那就要看看自己是不是這樣的人，與后面連接自然。
38. C。答案明顯。
39. F。易誤選G。后面“match then”中的them指代F選項(xiàng)中的other people。
40. A。it指代one friend。
【主題語(yǔ)境】人與自我人間關(guān)懷
【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了自己小時(shí)候一天“我們”家突然接到一個(gè)緊急電報(bào)：“媽?zhuān)醋髡叩淖婺福┎∥?，即前往”，于是全家臨時(shí)出行探視祖母，半途受困的一次難忘經(jīng)歷。
41. C。deliver quickfire instructions to sb. 意思為“向某人快速下達(dá)指示”。其余幾個(gè)語(yǔ)義都不符合上下文。report報(bào)告匯報(bào)，報(bào)道；follow跟著，跟蹤仿效明白；relay傳遞，傳達(dá)（信息、新聞等）；中繼轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)。
42. D。too young to sense the mood表示“年紀(jì)太小而察覺(jué)不到當(dāng)時(shí)家人（悲痛，緊張）的心情”。
43. A。根據(jù)上文可知，這是一次沒(méi)有想到的（unexpected）假日。
44. D。句意：河水漲滿(mǎn)了，沒(méi)有船把我們渡過(guò)河。ferry n. 渡船，擺渡；渡口v. 擺渡，渡運(yùn)；空運(yùn)。
45. B。從空格后可知，（我們）無(wú)法前進(jìn)，也無(wú)法回家，這自然時(shí)處于進(jìn)退兩難的境地。
46. C。句意：該地區(qū)唯一的建筑（structure）是一間舊的檢查平房。最大干擾項(xiàng)為place（地方），“地方”指的是地理坐標(biāo)或位置，與它上面的房子無(wú)關(guān)。
47. A。句意：我和我的兄弟們一直沒(méi)有意識(shí)到我們的困難處境——我們一直在花園里玩，直到我們又餓又累。
48. D。從空格后的半句話(huà)的提示可知，父親擔(dān)心我們的這次出行不利。句意：黃昏時(shí)分，父親憂(yōu)心忡忡，對(duì)我們的下一步行動(dòng)毫無(wú)頭緒。
49. B。句意：突然，我們看到一個(gè)孤獨(dú)的人向我們走來(lái)。
50. D。他究竟是什么身份的人，答案可從原文最后一段可知。
51. C。句意：父親向我們解釋了不愉快的情況后，讓我們進(jìn)了樓，并問(wèn)我們是否吃了什么東西，
52. A。詞義辨析題。set off出發(fā)：引起；動(dòng)身：使爆炸：抵銷(xiāo)；search around查究，周邊搜尋：hurry back迅速回來(lái)：give way讓路：撤退。句意：然后，他拿著一條毛巾來(lái)到河邊，用毛巾當(dāng)網(wǎng)抓了兩條魚(yú)，然后生火，開(kāi)始清洗和烹飪（捕獲品即魚(yú)）。
53. C。句意同上。cooking the meal可形成搭配，但cleaning不能接the meal作賓語(yǔ)；catch在此作名詞，表示“（魚(yú)的）捕獲量，捕獲物”。victim受害者；犧牲品，祭品。
54. A。從上文可以看出，素不相識(shí)的巡夜人為“我們”一家人生火做飯，肯定說(shuō)明他是一個(gè)好心人。句意：這是一頓簡(jiǎn)單的晚餐，但守夜人的善良和無(wú)私的慷慨使它成為我50多年來(lái)從未忘記的盛宴。
55. B. 句意同上。feast（盛宴）對(duì)應(yīng)本句前面的simple meal（簡(jiǎn)餐）。
56. central 57. the 58. During 59. the most famous 60. to participate
61. which/that 62. organizers 63. included 64. exploring 65. management
第四部分 第一節(jié)
【參考范文】
Here comes another Earth Day, which was set up to draw attention to protecting our shared home. As is known to all, the earth keeps suffering from pollution, abuse of resources and even wars.
As a result, it is not the beautiful planet it used to be! Therefore, something must be done to protect the earth. To begin with, we should live a low-carbon life with less consumption of resources. After all, the earth can satisfy our need but not our greed! In addition, we should share and reuse things like clothing, furniture, books and etc. Finally, awareness and technology should be strengthened to boost recycling.
In a word, every resident as well as government should lend a helping hand to make the earth a healthy and sustainable planet.
第四部分 第二節(jié)
【參考范文】
At 7 P.M, my mother came out of surgery. She lay on the bed with an oxygen mask and an IV. Her skin was ghastly pale and her eyes were closed. “Mom, Mom…,” I called to her, but she didn’t react. The doctor told us that if my mother survived this night, she would be fine. Then the doctors sent my mother to the ICU. Inside the room were many instruments for checking blood pressure, pulse rate and heart rate. Standing next to the bed, I tried to talk to my mother, whether she could hear me or not. At that moment J felt that I would lose my mother forever.
My mother survived that night. You can imagine my great relief when she woke up the next morning. I was so excited. I gave her a big hug as I cried tears of happiness. My mother told me that she had actually heard the words that I had said to her when she was unconscious. Three times she had almost stopped breathing. but she told herself to stay alive for us-her family. Later. many nurses said my mother was incredibly lucky to survive because she had lost a lot of blood. I always remember this unforgettable event in my life. I’m a really lucky person, with great parents and a wonderful little brother.

聽(tīng)力材料
Text 1
W: Would you prefer tea or coffee?
M: I think a glass of cold water would be best. (1) There is nothing like it when the weather is so hot.
Text 2
W: Excuse me, I’m looking for the Science Museum. I’m due to meet a friend there. Do you know where it is? (2)
M: Yes, go down this street and then turn right at the end. You can’t miss it.
W: Thanks. I’m late. I was supposed to be there at 10:00 a. m
Text 3
M: I hope Debbie will like the birthday present I bought her today. I’ll give it to her at her birthday party this Sunday night. (3)
W: Of course she will. She has been looking forward to this party.
Text 4
M: I just can’t remember some of these English words. How do you do it? You must have a good memory
W: I try to join a few words together to make a sentence. That helps me remember them. You should try it. (4)
Text 5
W: Oh. are you eating dinner? Is it 7:00 p.m. already?
M: Yes, I called you 15 minutes ago. (5)
W: I didn’t hear a thing. I must have fallen asleep
Text 6
W: Could I speak to the manager, please? (6)
M: Yes, that’s me. Is there a problem?
W: No, just the opposite. I’d like to say how impressed I am with one of your sales assistants. (6) I think she’s called Julie.
M: Ah yes. Julie. What did she do?
W: She was extremely friendly and helpful. I needed a computer for work and she found one that was perfect for my needs. (6)
M: I’m glad to hear it. I’ll pass your comments on to Julie. (7)
W: Yes, she deserves to be praised. So often these days I come across sales assistants who don’t seem interested in their work.
Text 7
W: Oh no. look at this!
M: Is that the blouse you just bought? (8)(9)
W: Yes, I only put it on a few hours ago. (8)
M: I don’t think the washing machine will get it clean. You will have to go to the dry cleaners. (8)
W: I hope it can be cleaned. This is my absolute favorite blouse.
M: You should have been more careful with your lunch.
W: I know. I was stupid. I’m so angry at myself. If it can’t be cleaned, I might have to throw it away.
M: I don’t think so. The dry cleaners should be able to clean it. (9)
W: I’ll take it to them this afternoon. (9) I had been hoping to wear it tomorrow.
M: I think they have a next-day service. Maybe you will be able to wear it tomorrow if you take it there right away.
Text 8
W: So, Mike, how do you think the meeting went today? (10)
M: I think it went as well as we expected, Linda. (10) But it would be good to have a break from business.
W: So what do you do when you’re not working?
M: Well, because I sit at a desk for most of the day, I like to get some exercise in my free time and try out new sports.
W: Oh. what do you like to do?
M: I enjoy various outdoor sports, but mainly mountain biking.
W: That is quite a popular hobby around here.
M: Yes. it is. I’ve recently taken up sailing as well. (11)
W: Really? That’s exciting! Where do you go sailing? It’s not like we’re near the ocean
M: Well, there are a couple of lakes nearby. I sometimes go away on weekend breaks to the coast with my friends. What about you? Do you do any sports?
W: Well, I try and do yoga twice a week, but I struggle sometimes. I’m not really interested in sports. I love gardening though. (12) Otherwise I prefer to relax by myself.
Text 9
W: That’s a very healthy-looking lunch you’ve brought to work. (13) Do you always eat so healthily?
M: Most of the time. These vegetables are from my garden.
W: Really? You grow your own, don’t you?
M: Yes, they always seem to taste better when you’ve grown them yourself.
W: Do you grow any fruit?
M: I grow strawberries and pears. (14)
W: You should grow apples. There’s nothing like a nice, juicy apple. (15)
M: I don’t like them. I do like fruit though. I’ve got bananas and watermelon in my lunch box today. I could eat them all day.
W: Actually, I don’t think too much fruit is a good idea. After all, fruit does contain sugar and too much of that isn’t good for you. (16)
M: That’s not true. Everyone knows fruit is healthy. (16)
W: I’m just saying you probably shouldn’t have too much of it. (16) I think if I had a bigger garden, I would try growing vegetables too. Is it easy?
M: Yes, it’s pretty easy—and when you grow them yourself, you know where they come from and what has been put into them. I never use any chemicals (化學(xué)制品).
W: That’s a very good point.
Text10 （第20題為推斷題）
M: Good evening, everyone. Welcome to this Introduction to Journalism Course. (17) My name is Paul Potter and first I’ll tell you a little bit about myself. My background is in newspaper journalism. I started my career, straight from school, over 40 years ago when I was employed as a junior reporter for my local newspaper, the Grimford Express. That is where I gained my first valuable experience of writing, interviewing, attending court hearings and meetings. (18) After a few years, I moved on to the Starford Evening Echo, and then made a move to national newspapers. I’ve worked as a reporter and editor at papers including The Daily Bugle, the Sunshine Daily and The Truth. So, that’s enough about me. At the end of our six—week course, all of you, hopefully, will have a working knowledge of the basics of journalism. Those include the need to recognize the truth, to report both sides of a story and to be correct and honest. Here are some things to note before we begin our training. First, you need to hand in your forms for signing up for the course at the desk at the front of the room. (19) Then, go to the table against the back wall to find your name tag (標(biāo)簽) and a pack containing course information. You’ll see a textbook on each desk. Find a seat and sit down. When everyone’s ready, you can all introduce yourselves and then we’ll get into the business of learning about journalism. OK? Are there any questions?


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