?2023屆廣東省名校高三下學(xué)期5月仿真模擬考試英語(yǔ)試題
學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：___________

一、閱讀理解
From life-saving medical technologies to everyday household items, these four brilliant women left an indelible mark on history with their inventions.
Modern ironing board by Sarah Boone
Before the invention, clothing used to be ironed on wooden planks balanced between chairs. Though it seems like a simple invention, Bone put a lot of thoughts into it, which was evident in the end product. Aside from solving the initial problem of uneven ironing, Boone also made the ironing board’s legs folded for storage and designed a curved (弧形的) shape for the body to accommodate sleeves and curved areas. Alongside her invention, Boone also became one of the first African-American woman to receive a patent.
Silk by Empress Lei Zu
Though there is no way of confirming the account, ancient writings (including Confucius’) attribute the first invention of silk to the Chinese Empress Lei Zu, who was four-teen at the time and had been enjoying tea in the imperial gardens when a fateful incident took place. A cocoon (繭) fell into her teacup and lost its cohesiveness (粘結(jié)性) upon contact with the hot water. The fact that the cocoon was a single strand of silk had drawn Lei Zu’s attention and she wove the thread into fabric, creating silk cloth.
Caller ID and call waiting by Shirley Ann Jackson
Dr Shirley Ann Jackson broke the glass ceiling as the first African-American woman to be awarded a doctorate from MIT. She contributed to the invention of caller ID and call waiting during her research period at AT&.T Bell Laboratories, so we can now see the phone number and name of whoever is ringing our phones.
Spray-on skin repair technique by Fiona Wood
Dr Fiona Wood introduced spray-on skin repair technique to the world in the 1990s. The technique changed the way in which burn victims used to be treated, as spray-on skin repair technique can be directly applied to wounds to form a new layer of skin that promotes healing and minimises the risk of infection.
1．What can we learn about Sarah Boone?
A．She learned a lot from ironing. B．She solved the problem of washing.
C．She created a piece of useful furniture. D．She was the first person to receive a patent.2．What inspired Lei Zu to find silk?
A．Her interest in drinking tea. B．A cocoon dropping into her cup.
C．A desire to write something crucial. D．Her working in the imperial gardens.3．Who made a contribution to medical cause?
A．Sarah Boone. B．Lei Zu. C．Shirley Ann Jackson. D．Fiona Wood.

My father was the kind of guy who could walk into a room full of strangers and leave with new best friends for life! He was a hard worker and was known as “Mr Fix-It” to everyone. He was also one of the most cheerful, affable (和葛可親的) and gentle people you would ever meet, which made us, his beloved daughters feel proud.
But when Dad was in his fifties, my family began to notice him struggling. His work and skills began to become worse and worse, and he became depressed and withdrawn. This was not the man I knew. At the age of fifty-eight, Dad was diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer’s disease. As for our family, it was the worst.
Our first step was to attend a meeting hosted by the Alzheimer’s Association to learn more about the disease and programs that might help us. That meeting inspired me to start a Walk to End Alzheimer’s? team. But I still wanted to do more. In 2017, I became a board member of the Alzheimer’s Association Delaware Valley Chapter.
The loss from this disease is gradual. My father’s decline continued for several years. Losing my father more and more each day was leaving a big hole in my heart and my life. I decided to fill that hole with action to honor my father.
That’s why I recently decided to leave a gift to the Alzheimer’s Association by naming it as a beneficiary of my retirement plan. My future gift will provide money to support research because I don’t want another person in my family or someone in other families to have to suffer from Alzheimer’s disease.
I am so proud to be able to honor my father and other family members who lost their fights to Alzheimer’s in this way. My dad was an inspiration to me, and I hope, through my gift, I can inspire others to join in the fight to end Alzheimer’s.
4．What can we infer about the author’s father before having Alzheimer’s?
A．He was an outgoing man. B．He hiked with strangers.
C．He made a living by sales. D．He was a popular repairer of cars.5．What did the author initially do for her father’s disease?
A．She consulted many experts. B．She established a research team.
C．She gained more relevant information. D．She funded the Alzheimer’s Association.6．What gift does the author leave to the Alzheimer’s Association?
A．Research funds for the disease. B．A record of her father’s mental state.
C．Her research papers on families like hers. D．Experts’ suggestions on her father’s disease.7．What does the author focus on in the last paragraph?
A．Her precious gift. B．Her father’s firm confidence.
C．Her future expectation. D．Her father’s original motivation.

Conifers (針葉樹) are generally better than broad-leaved trees at purifying air from pollutants. But deciduous (落葉的) trees may be better at taking in particle-bound pollution. A new study led by the University of Gothenburg shows that the best trees for air purification depend on the type of pollutants involved.
Trees and other greener in cities provide many benefits that are important for the well-being of residents. Leaves and needled on trees filter air pollutants and reduce exposure to poisonous substance in the air. But which trees purify the air most effectively? Researchers from the University of Gothenburg have collected leaves and needle from eleven different trees growing in the same place in the Gothenburg Botanical Garden (GBG) to analyse which cub-stances they have absorbed.
“This tree collection provided a unique opportunity to test many different species of trees with similar environmental conditions and exposure to air pollutants,” said Jenny Klingberg, a researcher of the GBG
A total of 32 different pollutants were analysed, some of which are bound to articles of various sizes. Others are gaseous. This project has focused on paths (多環(huán)芳烴). In cities, traffic is the biggest source of these pollutants, which are released due to incomplete burning in engines.
“Our analysis show that different species of trees have different abilities to absorb air pollutants. Conifers generally absorb morn gaseous paths than broad-leaved trees. Another advantage of conifers is that they also act as air purifies in winter, when air pollution is usually at its highest,” said Jenny Klingberg.
“This study contributes to improving our understanding of the ability of trees to clean the air and which species are best at absorbing air pollutants,” said Jenny Klingberg. This known-edge is important for urban planning when designing sustainable cities. While trees and green-era can contribute to better air quality in cities, at the end of the day, the most important measure is to reduce emissions.
8．Which is the determining factor in choosing the most suitable tries to purify air?
A．Air quality. B．Geographical location. C．The height of plants. D．The kind of pollutants.9．Why did the researchers collect leaves and needled from GBG?
A．To compare their shapes. B．To create a tree collection.
C．To figure out what they absorb. D．To display them on exhibition.10．What may cause more paths to be released?
A．Fuel vehicle’s. B．Electric engines. C．Traffic accidents. D．Complete burning.11．What is the most effective way to better air quality in cities?
A．Decreasing emissions. B．Planting more conifers.
C．Raising public awareness. D．Designing sustainable cities.

Diplomacy (外交) is an art. It requires not only strategy, but also other aspects, including intuition, persuasion, and even tricks, human skills that have long been unreachable to even the most powerful artificial intelligence (AI) approaches. Now, an AI algorithm (算法) from a high-tech company has shown it can beat many humans in a game of diplomacy, which required both strategic planning and negotiations with other players. The work, researchers said, could point the way toward virtual exercise coaches and conflict mediators (調(diào)解員) .
AI has already beaten humans in some games of strategy. It is also proving powerful at natural-language processing, in which it can generate humanlike text and carry on conversations. In the game of diplomacy, seven players vied for control of Europe. On each turn, players issued orders regarding the movement of army and naval units, following discussion with other players, whom they could attack or support.
There are two technical innovations noted by Jonathan Gratch, a computer scientist at the University of Southern California who studies negotiation agents. First, the Al agent’s com-munication is grounded in multistep planning. Second. the Al agent keeps its remarks and game play within the range of human common practice.
To test its skill, the researchers had the Al agent play 40 online games against humans. It placed in the top 10% of players who’d played at least two games. “In a game that involves language and negotiation, that agents can reach human equal level is very exciting,” said Yu, a computer scientist at Columbia University.
According to Brown, a computer scientist at the company who co-authored the paper, the work could lead to practical applications in fields that now require a human touch. One specific example is that virtual personal assistants might help consumers negotiate for better prices on plane tickets. Gratch and Yu both see opportunities for agents that persuade people to make healthy choices or open up during therapy.
12．Who is likely to benefit from the research work?
A．A famous cyber athlete. B．A professor of civil law.
C．A professional accountant. D．A virtual fitness instructor.13．What does the underlined word “vied” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Accounted. B．Apologized. C．Searched. D．Competed.14．Why does the author mention AI agent?
A．To understand the thought of AI. B．To illustrate the advantages of AI.
C．To describe the importance of AI. D．To introduce the strategy of AI.15．What is the best title for the text?
A．Diplomacy, a Popular Game B．AI Learns the Art of Diplomacy
C．Al Will Become a Perfect Diplomat D．An Excellent Game Player


二、七選五
How to prepare for a thrilling hike? Hiking needs mental and physical preparation weeks before the material day. If you’re a fan of hiking mountains. Here is a guide to help you.
Train hard and train in time
You need to train your body at least three months before the challenge. 16 You can start with baby steps and gradually take more demanding exercises and distance. You can often carry your hiking stick to promote stability. Keep track of your progress to help you achieve your goal.
Choose your clothes carefully
17 . Wear light absorbent pants to reduce friction and promote absorption of sweat. Long pants keep you safe from stinging weeds, insects and tough weather.
18
You must consider various factors before purchasing the most appropriate hiking shoes. First, mind the terrain (地形) of the hiking ground. A mild terrain will do fine with light shoes. On the other hand. A tough, hard and mountainous terrain require hardy hots to help navigate the rocky grounds.
Adequately pack your bag
Your bag is your lifeline when hiking. Water is the most essential itch when hiking. The body performs best when you hydrate frequently throughout the challenge. Carry adequate clean water and sip often. 19 These are primary tools to help you find your way, water points, emergency towers, and other places. Hope for the lest but always prepare for ever-agencies. Thus, ensure you have a flash light, a lighter and a whistle.
Hiking is a refreshing way of keeping fit, having fun and building resilience. 20
A．Choose appropriate footwear
B．Search for the route you will he hiking
C．Carry a compass, a map and a gas with you
D．Adequate water can help you be in good con lit ion
E．create a regular schedule and be disciplined to follow it
F．Wear appropriate clothes that allow your free movement
G．Adequate planning will help have a fantastic experience of it


三、完形填空
The world is full of opportunities. Ignoring them or seizing one depends on one’s attitude. Mike seized the chance and did what he wanted to do.
Mike used to be a janitor (看門人) at an elementary school. He collected and cleared away the 21 for the school too. This school has a 22 place in Mike’s heart. He went to this school as a young boy and was a teacher there for 19 years. However, before his career in teaching, he 23 in the same school as a janitor. He has always been good at 24 with students.
Seeing this, the teachers 25 him to pursue a teaching career. After years of hard work and fierce 26 , Mike finished his degree in 2003 and 27 a teaching job at the elementary school. Since then, he has become a constant 28 in the school.
Mike found teaching a very rewarding job. For him, it was important that the students grow up not just remembering the 29 but also how a teacher made them feel. Mike was excited to teach the children at the school and was 30 to teach the fifth grade. He was shocked when the directors offered him the 31 of principal a week before the school year started.
“I am 32 grateful. I don’t do anything special. I just 33 and try my best,” said Mike. He was also very excited to take on the challenges of being the new 34 of the school, assume new responsibilities and help 35 the school.
21．A．bag B．mouse C．refuse D．beggar
22．A．special B．formal C．mobile D．confusing
23．A．lived B．worked C．studied D．a(chǎn)rrived
24．A．quarrelling B．debating C．fighting D．communicating
25．A．commanded B．encouraged C．constructed D．a(chǎn)llowed
26．A．determination B．a(chǎn)ppreciation C．suffering D．impression
27．A．rejected B．obtained C．offered D．reformed
28．A．candidate B．reporter C．figure D．cyclist
29．A．sufferings B．classmates C．pleasures D．lessons
30．A．prepared B．guided C．pressed D．depressed
31．A．role B．desire C．concern D．behavior
32．A．despairingly B．truly C．nearly D．exactly
33．A．let in B．get out C．set aside D．show up
34．A．operator B．visitor C．leader D．performer
35．A．rebuild B．search C．a(chǎn)ttain D．improve


四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文
閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.
When was the last time you blew too high 36 a swing and lost your stomach, or burst out laughing so hard that you start crying?
A lot of us may be still recovering from antisocial habits 37 (form) in the tough time. And so far, some events out of our control 38 (have) a bad effect on our health. Last fall, 76% of adults surveyed by the American Psychological Association said stress from politics. race relations and violence had affected their health. They reported 39 (experience) headaches, depression, nervousness and exhaustion.
But 40 (solution) may be hiding in plain sight. Two recent books argue that making room for more fun in your life could counteract (抵消) both the stress and the tendency?? 41 (escape) it by zoning out online.
In a book published in January, psychologist Mike trucker makes the case that pursuit of fun experiences may be even more valuable than seeking the sometimes abstract goal of happiness. In Rucker’s opinion, happiness is 42 state of mind. But fun is something we can do for 43 (we). It doesn’t require education, money or power. All it requires is intentionality. We 44 (actual) ignore the importance of fun. We are so casual and careless about 45 we use things around us to make us fun, but it is important for our happiness and health.


五、開放性作文
46．假定你是李華，你校英語(yǔ)角上個(gè)月舉辦了為期一個(gè)月的關(guān)于二十四節(jié)氣(24 solar terms)的系列講座。請(qǐng)你為校英文報(bào)寫一篇短文報(bào)道此事，內(nèi)容包括：
1．活動(dòng)的目的；
2．活動(dòng)的內(nèi)容；
3．活動(dòng)的反響。
注意：
1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
A Series of Lectures on the 24 Solar Terms
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六、讀后續(xù)寫
47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
On Christmas Eve, I called my mom from the bakery where I worked part-time, telling her that I was working with a couple of co-workers. The store was about to close. The person from a local charity who was scheduled to pick up the leftover (剩下的) bread had not shown up.
I was worried about what to do with the food, so I called my mom and she suggested I call the manager to ask for advice. The manager told me to throw the leftovers into the garbage. They were approximately 1,500 dollars’ worth of fresh baked goods.
It seemed completely wrong for all this good food to go to waste, so I called Mom again and talked about where we could take it. She told me that a new homeless shelter had just opened in our city, so Mom called and asked if the homeless shelter needed the free baked goods. An excited staff member said, “Yes, please!”
Mom drove to the bakery. We loaded up the van (小型貨車) with my co-workers and Mom drove to the homeless shelter. As we walked toward the entrance, a woman opened the door for us. She thanked us for what we were doing and said she was really grateful for her new temporary home. She introduced herself and told us her friends called her Star. We chatted for a while on the sidewalk with light snow falling around us. Star said that moving off the streets into the shelter had saved her life.
Star told us that she had decided her job in life was to help and protect people. She spent her days looking out for those who needed help. She tried to do kind things for others whenever she could. Then she asked me for a favor. She showed me a book that a friend had given her when she’d been living on the streets. She wanted to tell him she was okay, but she couldn’t afford the long-distance call.
注意：
1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
I told Star I would be happy to pass her message on to her friend.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A few months later, when I was walking to the bakery, I saw a woman standing in the middle of the crosswalk.
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參考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四位杰出的女性。
1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Before the invention, clothing used to be ironed on wooden planks balanced between chairs. Though it seems like a simple invention, Boone put a lot of thoughts into it, which was evident in the end product. Aside from solving the initial problem of uneven ironing, Boone also made the ironing board’s legs folded for storage and designed a curved (弧形的) shape for the body to accommodate sleeves and curved areas.(在發(fā)明之前，衣服是在椅子之間的木板上熨燙的。雖然這看起來像是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的發(fā)明，但Boone在其中投入了很多想法，這在最終產(chǎn)品中是顯而易見的。除了解決最初熨燙不均勻的問題外，Boone還將熨衣板的腿折疊起來存放，并為木板設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)彎曲的形狀，以容納袖子和彎曲的區(qū)域)”可知，Sarah Boone發(fā)明的燙衣板是一件有用的家具。故選C項(xiàng)。
2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“A cocoon (繭) fell into her teacup and lost its cohesiveness (粘結(jié)性) upon contact with the hot water. The fact that the cocoon was a single strand of silk had drawn Lei Zu’s attention and she wove the thread into fabric, creating silk cloth.(一只繭掉進(jìn)了她的茶杯里，一接觸到熱水就失去了粘性。蠶繭是一根單絲，這引起了嫘祖的注意，她把絲線織成織物，制成了絲綢)”可知，嫘祖在花園喝茶時(shí)，一只繭掉進(jìn)了她的杯子里。這個(gè)意外讓她發(fā)現(xiàn)了蠶絲。故選B項(xiàng)。
3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Dr Fiona Wood introduced spray-on skin repair technique to the world in the 1990s.(菲奧娜·伍德醫(yī)生在20世紀(jì)90年代向世界介紹了皮膚噴霧修復(fù)技術(shù))”可知，F(xiàn)iona Wood 首創(chuàng)了用噴霧治療皮膚燒傷的技術(shù)，為醫(yī)療事業(yè)做出了貢獻(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。
4．A 5．C 6．A 7．C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。父親確診為早發(fā)型阿爾茨海默病，在了解這種疾病和逐漸“失去”父親的過程中，作者投入到與阿爾茨海默病相關(guān)的慈善事業(yè)中，并呼吁人們參與其中。
【詳解】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“My father was the kind of guy who could walk into a room full of strangers and leave with new best friends for life!(我父親是那種可以走進(jìn)一間滿是陌生人的房間，離開時(shí)卻能交到一輩子最好的朋友的人！)”可推知，作者的父親在患病前是一個(gè)善于交際的人，外向的人。故選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Our first step was to attend a meeting hosted by the Alzheimer’s Association to learn more about the disease and programs that might help us.(我們的第一步是參加由阿爾茨海默氏癥協(xié)會(huì)主辦的會(huì)議，了解更多關(guān)于這種疾病的知識(shí)和可能幫助我們的項(xiàng)目)”可知，作者在父親確診為早發(fā)型阿爾茨海默病后，最初去參加了阿爾茨海默病協(xié)會(huì)主辦的會(huì)議，以了解更多關(guān)于該疾病的信息。故選C。
3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“That’s why I recently decided to leave a gift to the Alzheimer’s Association by naming it as a beneficiary of my retirement plan. My future gift will provide money to support research because I don’t want another person in my family or someone in other families to have to suffer from Alzheimer’s disease.(這就是為什么我最近決定給阿爾茨海默氏癥協(xié)會(huì)留下一份禮物，把它命名為我退休計(jì)劃的受益人的原因。我未來的禮物將提供資金支持研究，因?yàn)槲也幌Ｍ业募胰嘶蚱渌彝サ娜嘶忌习柎暮Ｄ?”可知，作者留給了阿爾茨海默氏癥協(xié)會(huì)研究該疾病的經(jīng)費(fèi)。故選A。
4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“I am so proud to be able to honor my father and other family members who lost their fights to Alzheimer’s in this way. My dad was an inspiration to me, and I hope, through my gift, I can inspire others to join in the fight to end Alzheimer’s.(我很自豪能夠以這種方式紀(jì)念我的父親和其他與阿爾茨海默氏癥斗爭(zhēng)失敗的家庭成員。我的父親鼓舞了我，我希望，通過我的禮物，我可以激勵(lì)其他人加入到結(jié)束阿爾茨海默氏癥的斗爭(zhēng)中來)”可推知，作者在最后一段的重點(diǎn)是闡述她對(duì)未來的期盼。故選C。
8．D 9．C 10．A 11．A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹哥德堡大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，凈化空氣的最佳樹木取決于所涉及的污染物的類型。
8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Conifers (針葉樹) are generally better than broad-leaved trees at purifying air from pollutants. But deciduous (落葉的) trees may be better at taking in particle-bound pollution. A new study led by the University of Gothenburg shows that the best trees for air purification depend on the type of pollutants involved.(針葉樹通常比闊葉樹更能凈化空氣中的污染物。但是落葉樹木在吸收微粒污染方面可能做得更好。哥德堡大學(xué)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，凈化空氣的最佳樹木取決于所涉及的污染物的類型)”可知，凈化空氣的最佳樹木取決于所涉及的污染物的類型。故選D。
9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Researchers from the University of Gothenburg have collected leaves and needle from eleven different trees growing in the same place in the Gothenburg Botanical Garden (GBG) to analyse which cub-stances they have absorbed. (哥德堡大學(xué)的研究人員收集了生長(zhǎng)在哥德堡植物園(GBG)同一地點(diǎn)的11棵不同樹木的葉子和針葉，以分析它們吸收了哪些物質(zhì))”可知，哥德堡大學(xué)的研究人員收集了生長(zhǎng)在哥德堡植物園內(nèi)同一地點(diǎn)的11棵不同樹木的葉子，目的是分析它們吸收了哪些物質(zhì)。故選C。
10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“A total of 32 different pollutants were analysed, some of which are bound to articles of various sizes. Others are gaseous. This project has focused on paths (多環(huán)芳烴). In cities, traffic is the biggest source of these pollutants, which are released due to incomplete burning in engines. (總共分析了32種不同的污染物，其中一些與不同大小的物品結(jié)合在一起。還有一些是氣態(tài)的。這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的重點(diǎn)是路徑。在城市中，交通是這些污染物的最大來源，這些污染物是由于發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)不完全燃燒而釋放的)”可知，交通是這些污染物的最大來源，它們是由于發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)不完全燃燒而釋放出來的。故選A。
11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“While trees and green-era can contribute to better air quality in cities, at the end of the day, the most important measure is to reduce emissions. (雖然樹木和綠色時(shí)代有助于改善城市的空氣質(zhì)量，但歸根結(jié)底，最重要的措施是減少排放)”可知，改善城市空氣質(zhì)量的最有效方法減少排放。故選A。
12．D 13．D 14．B 15．B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了人工智能具有了談判和其他一些外交技能。
12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“The work, researchers said, could point the way toward virtual exercise coaches and conflict mediators (調(diào)解員).(研究人員表示，這項(xiàng)工作可能會(huì)為虛擬運(yùn)動(dòng)教練和沖突調(diào)解人指明方向)”可知，虛擬健身教練可能從這項(xiàng)研究工作中受益。故選D。
13．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“In the game of diplomacy, seven players(在外交游戲中，七名玩家)”和下文“control of Europe(控制歐洲)”可知，劃線詞所在句子表示“在外交游戲中，七名選手爭(zhēng)奪對(duì)歐洲的控制權(quán)”。由此可知，劃線詞vied的意思是“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”，和competed意思相近，故選D。
14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“First, the Al agent’s com-munication is grounded in multistep planning.??Second.??the Al agent keeps its remarks and game play within the range of human common practice.(首先，人工智能主體的通信建立在多步驟規(guī)劃的基礎(chǔ)上。第二。人工智能代理將其言論和游戲玩法保持在人類通常做法的范圍內(nèi))”和第四段“To test its skill, the researchers had the Al agent play 40 online games against humans. It placed in the top 10% of players who’d played at least two games. “In a game that involves language and negotiation, that agents can reach human equal level is very exciting,” said Yu, a computer scientist at Columbia University.(為了測(cè)試它的技能，研究人員讓人工智能和人類玩了40場(chǎng)在線游戲。它在至少玩過兩款游戲的玩家中排名前10%。“在一個(gè)涉及語(yǔ)言和談判的游戲中，智能體能達(dá)到與人類相當(dāng)?shù)乃绞欠浅Ａ钊伺d奮的，”哥倫比亞大學(xué)的計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家Yu說)”可推知，作者提到人工智能代理是為了說明人工智能的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選B。
15．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Now, an AI algorithm (算法) from a high-tech company has shown it can beat many humans in a game of diplomacy, which required both strategic planning and negotiations with other players. The work, researchers said, could point the way toward virtual exercise coaches and conflict mediators (調(diào)解員).(現(xiàn)在，一家高科技公司的人工智能算法顯示，它可以在外交游戲中擊敗許多人類，這需要戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃和與其他玩家的談判。研究人員表示，這項(xiàng)工作可能會(huì)為虛擬運(yùn)動(dòng)教練和沖突調(diào)解人指明方向)”可知，本文主要介紹了人工智能具有的談判和其他一些外交技能。由此可知，最好的標(biāo)題是B選項(xiàng)“AI Learns the Art of Diplomacy(人工智能學(xué)會(huì)了外交藝術(shù))”。故選B。
16．E 17．F 18．A 19．C 20．G

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章告訴我們?nèi)绾螢轶@險(xiǎn)的徒步旅行做準(zhǔn)備。
16．根據(jù)上文“You need to train your body at least three months before the challenge. (在挑戰(zhàn)開始前，你至少需要提前三個(gè)月訓(xùn)練你的身體。) ”和下文“You can start with baby steps and gradually take more demanding exercises and distance. (你可以從小步開始，逐漸進(jìn)行更多的練習(xí)并增加距離。) ”可推測(cè)設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是制定訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃，然后按時(shí)訓(xùn)練，E項(xiàng)“制訂一個(gè)有規(guī)律的時(shí)間表，并嚴(yán)格遵守?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選E。
17．根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題“Choose your clothes carefully (仔細(xì)選擇你的衣服) ”和下文“Wear light absorbent pants to reduce friction and promote absorption of sweat. (穿輕薄的褲子可以減少摩擦，促進(jìn)汗水的吸收)”可知本段主要講要穿適合的衣服，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“穿合適的，能讓你自由活動(dòng)的衣服。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。
18．根據(jù)下文“You must consider various factors before purchasing the most appropriate hiking shoes. (在購(gòu)買最合適的登山鞋之前，你必須考慮各種因素。)” 可知本段是關(guān)于如何選擇鞋子的，所以A項(xiàng)“選擇合適的鞋”是本段的主題。故選A。
19．根據(jù)下文“These are primary tools to help you find your way, water points, emergency towers, and other places. (這些都是幫助你找到方向、供水點(diǎn)、應(yīng)急塔和其他地方的主要工具。)”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)是要攜帶的工具，C項(xiàng)“隨身攜帶指南針、地圖和GPS?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選C。
20．根據(jù)上文“Hiking is a refreshing way of keeping fit, having fun and building resilience. (徒步旅行是一種可以讓人保持健康、享受樂趣和增強(qiáng)復(fù)原力的方式。) ”可知后文是對(duì)前面進(jìn)行總結(jié)，所以只有計(jì)劃好，才會(huì)有一個(gè)美好的徒步旅行體驗(yàn)，G項(xiàng)“充分的計(jì)劃將有助于獲得美妙的戶外體驗(yàn)?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選G。

21．C 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．B 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．A 31．A 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了邁克抓住機(jī)會(huì)，做了他想做的事。這表明這個(gè)世界充滿了機(jī)遇，忽視它們或抓住它們?nèi)Q于一個(gè)人的態(tài)度。
21．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他也為學(xué)校收集并清理了垃圾。A. bag包；B. mouse老鼠；C. refuse垃圾；D. beggar乞討者。根據(jù)上文“Mike used to be a janitor (看門人) at an elementary school. He collected and cleared away”可知，邁克作為學(xué)校的看門人，能收集并清理的應(yīng)該是學(xué)校的垃圾。故選C。
22．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這所學(xué)校在邁克心中有著特殊的地位。A. special特殊的；B. formal正式的；C. mobile無線的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根據(jù)下文“He went to this school as a young boy and was a teacher there for 19 years.”可知，這所學(xué)校對(duì)邁克來說是很特殊的存在。故選A。
23．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在他從事教學(xué)工作之前，他曾在同一所學(xué)校擔(dān)任看門人。A. lived居??；B. worked工作；C. studied研究；D. arrived到達(dá)。根據(jù)下文“in the same school as a janitor”可知，這里是指邁克從事教學(xué)工作之前的工作。故選B。
24．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他一向善于與學(xué)生交流。A. quarrelling爭(zhēng)吵；B. debating爭(zhēng)論；C. fighting打架；D. communicating交流。根據(jù)下文“Seeing this, the teachers 　　　5　　　him to pursue a teaching career. ”可知，這里指邁克善于與學(xué)生交流。故選D。
25．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：看到這一點(diǎn)，老師們鼓勵(lì)他從事教學(xué)事業(yè)。A. commanded要求；B. encouraged鼓勵(lì)；C. constructed建設(shè)；D. allowed允許。根據(jù)下文“him to pursue a teaching career”可知，這是其他老師們鼓勵(lì)邁克去做的事情。故選B。
26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過多年的努力和堅(jiān)定的決心，邁克于2003年完成了學(xué)位，并在這所小學(xué)找到了一份教學(xué)工作。A. determination決心；B. appreciation感激；C. suffering遭受痛苦；D. impression印象。根據(jù)下文“Mike finished his degree in 2003”可知，邁克完成了學(xué)位，所以他應(yīng)該是需要付出很多的努力和決心。故選A。
27．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：見第6題詳解。A. rejected拒絕；B. obtained獲得；C. offered提供；D. reformed改革。根據(jù)上文“Mike finished his degree in 2003”可知，邁克完成了學(xué)位，所以他會(huì)獲得學(xué)校的工作。故選B。
28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從那時(shí)起，他就成了學(xué)校里一個(gè)固定的人物。A. candidate候選人；B. reporter記者；C. figure人物；D. cyclist騎自行車的人。根據(jù)上文“Mike finished his degree in 2003 and 　　7　　 a teaching job at the elementary school.”可知，邁克完成了學(xué)位并獲得了在學(xué)校教學(xué)的工作，所以他應(yīng)該是學(xué)校的固定人物了。故選C。
29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)他來說，重要的是，學(xué)生們?cè)诔砷L(zhǎng)過程中不僅要記住課程，還要記住老師給他們的感受。A. sufferings遭受痛苦；B. classmates同班同學(xué)；C. pleasures快樂；D. lessons課程。根據(jù)上文“the students grow up not just remembering the”可知，學(xué)生上學(xué)要記住的最根本的是課程。故選D。
30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：邁克很興奮能在學(xué)校教孩子們，并準(zhǔn)備教五年級(jí)的學(xué)生。A. prepared準(zhǔn)備；B. guided引導(dǎo)；C. pressed壓；D. depressed使沮喪。根據(jù)下文“to teach the fifth grade.”可知，這是邁克接下來準(zhǔn)備要做的事情。故選A。
31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在學(xué)年開始前一周，當(dāng)董事們邀請(qǐng)他擔(dān)任校長(zhǎng)時(shí)，他感到震驚。A. role角色；B. desire渴望；C. concern關(guān)心；D. behavior行為。根據(jù)下文“of principal”可知，這里指校長(zhǎng)這個(gè)角色。故選A。
32．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“我真的很感激。我沒有做任何特別的事情。我只是出現(xiàn)并盡我最大的努力，”邁克說。A. despairingly絕望地；B. truly真地；C. nearly幾乎；D. exactly準(zhǔn)確地。根據(jù)下文“grateful”可知，這里是強(qiáng)調(diào)真的很感激。故選B。
33．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：見第12題詳解。A. let in允許進(jìn)入；B. get out出去；C. set aside放一邊；D. show up出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“and try my best,”可知，這里指邁克認(rèn)為他只是出現(xiàn)在學(xué)校并且盡力做了他應(yīng)該做的事情。故選D。
34．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他也很興奮能夠接受成為學(xué)校新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的挑戰(zhàn)，承擔(dān)新的責(zé)任，幫助改善學(xué)校。A. operator操作者；B. visitor記者；C. leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者；D. performer表演者。根據(jù)上文“when the directors offered him the 　　11　　 of principal”可知，這里指他做學(xué)校校長(zhǎng)這個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者職務(wù)。故選C。
35．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：見第14題詳解。A. rebuild重建；B. search研究；C. attain獲得；D. improve改善。根據(jù)上文“assume new responsibilities and help”可知，邁克作為新校長(zhǎng)，他要承擔(dān)新的責(zé)任，并且?guī)椭纳茖W(xué)校狀況。故選D。

36．on 37．formed 38．have had/have been having 39．experiencing 40．solutions 41．to escape 42．a(chǎn) 43．ourselves 44．a(chǎn)ctually 45．how

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章說明了現(xiàn)如今人們壓力過大的不良情況以及解決辦法，從而強(qiáng)調(diào)樂趣對(duì)于我們的重要性。
36．考查介詞。句意：你上次因?yàn)樵谇锴鲜幍锰叨鴩樒屏四?，或者大笑到哭泣是什么時(shí)候？分析句子可知，swing是名詞意為“秋千”，設(shè)空處想要表達(dá)在秋千上面，因此，需填介詞與其搭配。故填on。
37．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我們中的大部分人可能仍正從在困難時(shí)期形成的反社會(huì)習(xí)慣中恢復(fù)。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)，habits和form構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以此處要用該詞的過去分詞形式。故填formed。
38．考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：到目前為止，一些我們無法控制的事情對(duì)我們的健康產(chǎn)生了很壞影響。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處需填動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)，而且本句中的so far作為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)意為“截止到目前為止”，因此設(shè)空處需填現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)來與時(shí)間段搭配，表示該動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)未來仍有影響。故填have had/have been having。
39．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他們報(bào)告說有過頭痛、抑郁、緊張和疲憊的經(jīng)歷。分析句子可知，本句中reported為動(dòng)詞，因此設(shè)空處需用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填experiencing。
40．考查名詞。句意：但是解決辦法可能就在藏在眾目睽睽之下。分析句子可知，本句話中缺少主語(yǔ)，因此設(shè)空處需填名詞，而solution意為“解決辦法”，是可數(shù)名詞，所以此處要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填solutions。
41．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：最近的兩本書表明，為你的生活騰出更多空間去尋樂可以通過上網(wǎng)去抵消壓力和逃避壓力的傾向。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處需填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，而且the tendency to do意為“做某事的傾向”，是固定搭配。故填to escape。
42．考查冠詞。句意：在Rucker的觀念看來，幸福是一種精神狀態(tài)。分析句子可知，state是以輔音音素開頭的名詞，意為“狀態(tài)”，而且此處表泛指，因此設(shè)空處需填不定冠詞。故填a。
43．考查代詞。句意：但快樂是我們可以為我們自身所做的事情。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處與主語(yǔ)指代相同，所以用反身代詞。故填ourselves。
44．考查副詞。句意：實(shí)際上，我們忽略了快樂的重要性。分析句子可知，句中并不缺少成分，且設(shè)空處的ignore為動(dòng)詞，意為“忽略”，修飾動(dòng)詞要用副詞，因此設(shè)空處需填副詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填actually。
45．考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：我們對(duì)于如何利用周圍的事來使我們開心十分隨意和粗心，但是這對(duì)我們的幸福和健康都很重要。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處需填引導(dǎo)詞來引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少方式狀語(yǔ)，需要用連接副詞how引導(dǎo)。故填how。
46．?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????A Series of Lectures on the 24 Solar Terms
To make lovers of Chinese traditional culture have a deep understanding of the 24 solar terms, the English corner in our school hosted a series of lectures last month.
English teachers in our school gave eight splendid lectures from 4:00 pm to 5:00 pm every Thursday and Friday. The lectures covered a fund of knowledge, including their historical origins, climate changes and farming activities during each solar term and customs in different provinces.
Students thought highly of the lectures, from which they learned a lot. They realized Chinese traditional culture was attractive. They wish there will be more lectures about it.
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。要求考生寫一篇關(guān)于學(xué)校舉辦的為期一個(gè)月的關(guān)于二十四節(jié)氣的系列講座的報(bào)道。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
深刻理解：have a deep understanding of→understand...deeply
舉辦：host→conduct
不同的：different→diverse
意識(shí)到：realize (that)→be aware that
2.句式拓展
簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句
原句：To make lovers of Chinese traditional culture have a deep understanding of the 24 solar terms, the English corner in our school hosted a series of lectures last month.
拓展句：The English corner in our school hosted a series of lectures last month, whose aim is to make lovers of Chinese traditional culture have a deep understanding of the 24 solar terms.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】Students thought highly of the lectures, from which they learned a lot. (由介詞+which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)
【高分句型2】They realized Chinese traditional culture was attractive. (由省略連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句)
47． . She felt grateful and wrote her friend’s name and telephone number on a scrap of cardboard. Then she hugged us, and we wished each other a merry Christmas. On Christmas morning, I called Star’s friend, and a man answered the phone. I told him who I was and that I had a message for him from Star. His voice cracked with emotion as he thanked me for calling. He was relieved to hear Star was safe in the shelter.
A few months later, when I was walking to the bakery, I saw a woman standing in the middle of the crosswalk. Her arms were stretched wide and a big smile was on her face. It was Star. She was standing between the cars and an old woman with a walking stick making her way very slowly across the road. As soon as the old woman had crossed the road safely, Star continued on her way. I smiled and went on walking to the bakery, thinking the homeless woman Star was doing her job. She realized her desire to help those in need.
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文以人物為中心展開，主要講述作者在面包店兼職時(shí)，當(dāng)?shù)匾患掖壬茩C(jī)構(gòu)原定來取剩下面包的人沒有出現(xiàn)。于是作者不知道如何處理這些食物，隨后作者打電話向媽媽尋求建議，媽媽建議他把面包送給市里剛剛設(shè)立的一家收容所。媽媽開車載著作者去收容所送面包，當(dāng)他們到了收容所時(shí)，遇到了一個(gè)女人，她想給一個(gè)朋友打電話告訴她自己很好，但她打不起長(zhǎng)途電話。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“我告訴星星，我很樂意把她的信息傳給她的朋友?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫作者是如何幫助星星把信息傳給她的朋友的。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“幾個(gè)月后，當(dāng)我走向面包店時(shí)，我看到一個(gè)女人站在人行橫道中央。”可知，第二段可描寫星星實(shí)現(xiàn)了她要幫助他人的夢(mèng)想。
2.續(xù)寫線索：感激——聯(lián)系——感謝——放心——目睹——實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①打電話：call/ring
②回電話：answer/respond
③意識(shí)到：realize/be aware of
情緒類
①感激的：grateful/thankful
②釋然：relieved/feel at ease
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】His voice cracked with emotion as he thanked me for calling.（由as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）
【高分句型2】He was relieved to hear Star was safe in the shelter.（由省略連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句）

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