
?興國縣2022-2023學年高一下學期4月期中考試
英語試卷
第一節(jié)(共5小題:每小題1. 5分,滿分7. 5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1.Where is the woman now?
A.In New York. B.In a bookstore. C.At a post office.
2.Where does the conversation probably take place?
A.In a supermarket. B.In a restaurant. C.In a hotel.
3.What do we know about the man?
A.He fought with a cook.
B.He made a late delivery.
C.He quarreled with the manager
4.What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A.Supper. B.Cooking. C.Fast food.
5.What color is the woman’s umbrella?
A.Red. B.Yellow. C.Brown.
第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1. 5分,滿分22. 5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。
6.What does the man want to do?
A.Play an opera.
B.Enjoy a rock concert.
C.Watch a movie.
7.What are the speakers going to do first?
A.Have supper.
B.Attend the concert.
C.Buy two tickets.
聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。
8.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A.Husband and wife. B.Neighbors. C.Shop assistant and customer.
9.What does the man think of the Robinsons?
A.They’e easy-going. B.They’re inconsiderate. C.They’re elegant.
10.What will the man do for the Robinsons?
A.Collect their mails. B.Look after their house. C.Lend them the doghouse.
聽第8段材料,回答第11至14題。
11.What does the man suggest for their vacation?
A.Going abroad. B.Staying at home. C.Visiting another city in China.
12.When did Xi’an become the capital of the Qin dynasty?
A.In the 11th century BC.
B.In the 9th century BC.
C.In the 3rd century BC.
13.What does the man especially want to see in Xi'an?
A.The political museum.
B.The statues of soldiers.
C.The emperor's palace.
14.Who does the woman hope to visit?
A.Her school friends. B.The man's cousins. C.Her cousins.
聽第9段材料,回答第15至17題。
15.What does Doctor Brown consider the most important?
A.Writing. B.Family. C.Work.
16.What problem about writing does Doctor Brown face?
A.She lacks her separate space.
B.She can't get her family's support.
C.She is often interrupted by her daughter.
17.Why does Doctor Brown come here?
A.To take an interview.
B.To share writing skills.
C.To collect readers' comments.
聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。
18.Why did the reader feel lonely?
A.She had trouble with her studies.
B.Her best friend wasn’t around.
C.She was unable to look after herself.
19.What is the speaker trying to do?
A.Introduce a class.
B.Share experiences.
C.Give suggestions.
20.Whom is this passage written for?
A.Teachers. B.Parents. C.Students.
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2. 5分,滿分37. 5分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑
A
Four High-paying Jobs
Nonprofit executive(行政的) director
Average annual pay: $59,100
It’s no surprise that leading a team with a duty to improve the world can make your work feel meaningful. The challenges are significant, such as keeping the organization alive with only donations and grants(政府獎助金),but the rewards are also great. Both a bachelor’s degree and an MBA are common for these executives.
Director of development
Average annual pay: $59,000
Responsible for bringing in the funds(資金) needed to keep a nonprofit growing, this person must be experienced in managing and have analytical abilities. A bachelor’s degree is typically required, and further education in an area specific to the organization’s duty can help.
Foundation program officer
Average annual pay: $58,800
Here’s a job for people with good decision-making skills. They review advice on behalf of a foundation and decide who gets the foundation’s money to fund a project, such as medical research or creating an arts program. A bachelor’s degree is the basic educational requirement.
Registered nurse
Average annual pay: $58,900
Registered nurses administer medicines, explain treatment plans to patients, and provide emotional support to patients and their families. Registered nurses can start with an associate’s degree, bachelor’s degree or a diploma from an approved nursing program.
21.What can we know about the job of a nonprofit executive director?
A.It is challenging but quite meaningful. B.It’s mainly supported by the government.
C.It requires the best educational background. D.It is in great need and therefore encouraged.
22.Which job requires rich management experience according to the passage?
A.Registered nurse. B.Director of development.
C.Nonprofit executive director. D.Foundation program officer.
23.What can we learn about the four jobs?
A.They are demanding but popular.
B.People can easily get them.
C.The annual pay of the four jobs is roughly the same.
D.They are only offered for young people.
B
Miracle Moore, a 10-year-old girl has got praise as a hero from government officials at a ceremony (典禮) after she helped her mother give birth to her baby sister at home with little more than some guidance from a 911 operator.
Miracle Moore dialed up emergency help after her mom went into labor three weeks early at their home in Jennings, Missouri, north of St Louis, on 22 October. There wasn’t time to get her mother—Viola Fair—to a hospital, so the operator told the girl what she should do through the birthing process. The girl relayed the information to her mother over the 10-minute phone call. When it was over, Fair and Miracle welcomed a baby girl named Jayla to their family and the world.
“It was surely a miracle because once I had the baby, she came out, I couldn’t really pick her up, and then Miracle came and she wrapped (包裹) her up in a towel,” Fair said of her daughter. “She wiped her off and rubbed her back a little bit, so she could cry. So she was really helpful. I am very thankful.”
Medical staff soon arrived to bring the new baby and her mother to a hospital for an examination, and everyone was finally given a clean bill of health.
Miracle was honored for her heroism at the ceremony. Afterward, she said the most exciting moment of the entire experience for her was getting to be the first person who saw Jayla. Above all, the experience made Miracle realize what she wants to devote her life to when she grows up. “I want to be a doctor,” Miracle said at the ceremony.
The 911 operator who spoke to Miracle on the day of Jayla’s birth, Scott Stranghoener, said that the 10-year-old “did an amazing job”. “She followed all of my instructions to a T,” Stranghoener said.
She truly lived up to her name, Miracle Moore.
24.What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A.The government’s praise for Miracle.
B.How Miracle helped her mother in labor.
C.How Miracle rushed her mother to hospital.
D.Miracle’s preparations for her mother’s labor.
25.Which of the following best describes Miracle?
A.Brave. B.Humorous. C.Outgoing. D.Positive.
26.What does the underlined phrase “to a T” in paragraph 6 mean?
A.Creatively. B.Correctly. C.Responsibly. D.Immediately.
27.The experience influenced Miracle most in that __________.
A.she had an idea of her future job
B.she got praise from the government
C.she was the first to see her baby sister
D.she improved her communication skills
C
Video calls are a common occurrence, but have you imagined being able to touch the person on the other end of the line? Scientists are making this a reality.
Researchers at the University of New South Wales Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic device that can recreate the sense of touch. Haptic technology imitates the experience of touch by stimulating localized areas of the skin in ways that are similar to what is felt in the real worlds through force, vibration or motion.
Vibration is the most common haptic technology today and has been built into many electronic devices, such as one attached to the back of a trackpad in laptops, which simulates a button clicking. However, haptic feedback with vibration becomes less sensitive when used continuously. The existing technology also has great difficulty recreating the sense of touch with objects in virtual environments or located remotely according to Mai Thanh Thai, lead author of the study.
The new technology overcomes issues with existing haptic devices. The research team introduced a novel method to recreate the sense of touch through soft, artificial “muscles”.
“Our three-way directional skin stretch device, built into the fingertips of the wearable haptic glove we also created, is like wearing a second skin—it’s soil, stretchable and mimics the sense of touch—and will enable new forms of haptic communication to enhance everyday activities, ” said Thanh Nho Do, senior author of the study.
It works like this: Imagine you are at home and you call your friend who is in Australia. You wear a haptic glove with the SSDs and your friend also wears a glove with integrated 3D force sensors. If your friend picks up an object, it will physically press against your friend’s lingers. And the glove with 3D force sensors will measure these interactions. The force signals can be sent to your glove so your device will generate the same 3D forces, making you experience the same sense of touch as your friend.
The haptic devices could be applied in various scenes, allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance. This could be especially beneficial during such times like the COVID-19 pandemic when people rely on video calls to stay connected with loved ones. Or it could be used in medical practices. Doctors can feel a patient’s organ tissues with surgical(手術(shù)的)tools without touching them.
28.What can we learn about the SSD?
A.It imitates the sense of touch through animal skin.
B.It mainly uses vibration technology.
C.It makes virtual haptic communication possible.
D.It takes the shape of a glove.
29.What does the last but one paragraph mainly talk about?
A.The advantages of the new haptic glove.
B.An explanation of how the haptic device works.
C.The applications of the new haptic technology.
D.A personal experience of using SSDs during a video call.
30.According to the author, in which of the following situation could the new haptic device benefit people?
A.Interviewing someone face to face.
B.Recreating organ tissues.
C.Evaluating surgeries from a distance.
D.Feeling a silk scarf being sold online.
31.What’s the main purpose of the text?
A.To encourage the use of a new product.
B.To introduce the development of haptic technology.
C.To compare different haptic devices.
D.To inform readers of a new invention.
D
It is widely believed that smiling means a person is happy, and it usually occurs when they're meeting another person or a group of people. However, a new study led by the body language expert Dr Harry Witchel shows this isn't always the case.
In his research, he asked 44 participants aged 18—35 to play a geography quiz game consisting of nine difficult questions so that they often got the answer wrong. Participants seated interacted with a computer alone in a room while their faces were video recorded.
After the quiz, the participants were asked to rate their experience using a range of 12 emotions including “bored”, “interested” and “frustrated”. Meanwhile, their facial expressions were then computer analysed frame by frame in order to judge how much they were smiling based on a scale of between 0 to 1.
Dr Witchel said: “According to some researchers, a real smile reflects the inner state of cheerfulness or amusement. However, behavioral ecology theory suggests that all smiles are tools used in social interactions, meaning cheerfulness is neither necessary nor rich for smiling. Our study showed that in these humancomputer interaction experiments, smiling isn't driven by happiness; it is associated with subjective involvement(主觀參與) , which acts like a social fuel for smiling, even when socialising with a computer on your own.”
Surprisingly, participants didn't tend to smile during the period when they were trying to figure out the answers. However, they did smile right after the computer game informed them if their answer was correct or wrong. Participants smiled more often when they got the answer wrong. Dr Witched added: “During these computerised quizzes, smiling was greatly increased just after answering questions incorrectly.This behaviour could be explained by selfratings of involvement, rather than by ratings of happiness or frustration.”
32.Why did Dr Witchel use difficult questions in the quiz game?
A.To make it hard for participants to answer them correctly.
B.To make the answer period last as long as possible.
C.To discover the most intelligent participants.
D.To create a stressful situation for participants deliberately.
33.What can we infer from what Dr Witchel said in Paragraph 4?
A.Other researchers' opinion of a real smile is quite right.
B.Smiles aren't necessarily useful tools in social interactions.
C.Subjective involvement doesn't motivate smiling in social interactions.
D.Witchel's study finding is consistent with behavioural ecology theory.
34.What do we know about the text?
A.Participants were asked to interact with each other in the quiz.
B.Participants in the quiz smiled less often when they got the answer wrong.
C.In Dr Witchel's opinion, smiling is connected with subjective involvement.
D.Dr Witchel thinks that a real smile reflects the inner state of cheerfulness.
35.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.What Contributes to Real Happiness?
B.How to Identify Whether a Person Is Really Happy?
C.Smiling Doesn't Necessarily Mean Happiness.
D.People Generally Hold a Wrong View on Happiness.
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2. 5分,滿分12. 5分)
根據(jù)下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
When you're feeling anxious, you might feel stuck and unsure of how to feel better. You might even do things that fuel your anxiety. How do you reduce your anxiety right now?
___36___
Take a deep breath
___37___. Because it makes the body's relaxation response. It helps the body change from being excited to being relaxed.
___38___
Remember that anxiety is just a feeling, like any other feeling. By reminding yourself that anxiety is simply an emotional reaction, you can start to accept it. It just means you would benefit by accepting reality as it is-and reality includes anxiety.
Question your thoughts
When people are anxious their brains start coming up with all sorts of strange ideas, many of which are unrealistic and unlikely to occur. ___39___. You can ask yourself some questions like "Is this really likely to happen?" to challenge your thoughts.
Focus on right now
When people are anxious, they are usually worrying about something that might occur in the future. ___40___. Even if something serious is happening, focusing on the present moment will improve your ability to manage the situation.
A.Ask some questions
B.Accept that you're anxious
C.Remind yourself that anxiety is a feeling
D.Here are some ways that have been shown to work
E.Deep breathing is a powerful anxiety-reducing skill
F.And these thoughts only heighten your already anxious state
G.Instead, stop, breathe and pay attention to what's happening right now
第三部分 語言知識運用
第一節(jié) 完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
From the top of Mount Qomolangma to the bottom of the Mariana Trench, plastic continues to pollute our environment, and it poses a significant threat to all life forms on Earth. ____41____ knowing the ecological, eco-toxicological, and economic effects of plastic pollution, we have not been able to forbid the use of plastic products. Now, ____42____ the invention of a 17-year-old girl, we finally have a much better alternative. This plastic-like material is made from prawn shells(蝦殼), and it divides 1.5 million times faster than most of ____43____ plastic products we use today.
She extracted the carbohydrate called “chitin” from the shells and used chemical change to turn it into chitosan(基糖). She then mixed it with an insoluble protein called “fibroin”, which is found in silk cocoons. Using the ____44____ of these two organic materials, Arora created a plastic-like material that ____45____ completely within just 33 days. Moreover this plastic ____46____ nitrogen(氮) when dividing, which is why it can be used as mulch or plant fertilizer.
In the 2018 Broken Hill Proprietary company(BHP) Billiton Foundation Science and Engineering Awards, Arora was awarded the Innovator to Market Award. She also gained international ____47____ through the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair. Thousands of ____48____ students from over 81 nations participated in the competition, and Arora came in fourth for her creativity. She also won a comprehensive ____49____ to one of the best universities in the United States.
The 17-year-old, now a student of medicine, is on a search to _____50_____ the usage of traditional plastic. She has produced the final prototype of her product, and it is ready to be produced commercially. However, before that happens, she has to _____51_____ legal formalities(合法手續(xù)) such as patenting. She is also talking to supermarkets and _____52_____ them to use her biodegradable plastic, which is insoluble, durable, and transparent. It can be used for all kinds of packaging, and the producing cost of the product is also _____53_____ than most biodegradable products.
An _____54_____ young woman, Angelina Arora wants to make a difference in the world, and she wants to encourage other young people, especially young women, to _____55_____ their passion and make a positive difference however they can. Thus, women are now getting stronger and stronger.
41.A.Without B.Besides C.Except D.Despite
42.A.but for B.other than C.thanks to D.rather than
43.A.commercial B.comprehensive C.contrary D.constant
44.A.similarity B.distinction C.combination D.contact
45.A.breaks down B.takes down C.puts down D.sets down
46.A.reduces B.releases C.stores D.increases
47.A.disapproval B.a(chǎn)bility C.recognition D.profit
48.A.courageous B.brilliant C.generous D.honest
49.A.scholarship B.medal C.a(chǎn)dmiration D.election
50.A.require B.remain C.remove D.reflect
51.A.see through B.go through C.pass through D.get through
52.A.forbidding B.a(chǎn)llowing C.forcing D.urging
53.A.clearer B.higher C.cheaper D.lower
54.A.innocent B.inspiring C.independent D.interesting
55.A.follow B.oppose C.destroy D.damage
第二節(jié):(共10個小題;每小題1. 5分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
I went shopping with my partner,____56____needed a pair of trousers. After 2 hours of looking, trying, etc, we decided to sit at a Cafe for a break, as we both dislike shopping. While____57____(wait) for the coffee he noticed a homeless man outside and told me that he’d found a pound coin in the changing room and he was going to give it____58____the man.
On his return he told me that the man was talking “nonsense” without even looking at him. He had tried to have a conversation with the man without____59____(succeed).Eventually he just put the money in one of his bags. The man had lots of bags and was also checking the rubbish bin taking____60____(many) things. One of the things he repeated a few times____61____(be)’I have a million pounds in my bank account’.
I____62____(touch) by my partner’s gesture. Not long before this, he found a penny coin on the street. I suggested he should do what my grandmother always told me____63____(do) and pass it on to someone else, no matter how small. He’d made fun of me____64____(kind) as I’d also suggested adding a pound to it as it was such_____65_____small amount.
第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)
第一節(jié) 應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)
66.假如你是李華,你將于下周參加校讀書節(jié) “Books and I” 的英語演講比賽,請你結(jié)合你自身經(jīng)歷寫一篇演講稿。主要內(nèi)容:
1.簡單介紹你閱讀經(jīng)歷(如:何時開始,喜歡閱讀哪些書目,推薦你最喜歡的一篇讀物等);
2.閱讀對你的影響。
注意:1.詞數(shù)100個左右;
2.使用演講稿的文體格式;可以適當增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫。
My dear fellows,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二節(jié) (滿分 25分)
67.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Viewed from dry land, the river looked beautiful. The fast-flowing waters of the Snake River were crisp and clear as they crashed over the rocks below. I was 16 and my parents had hired a car to drive us children around North America and Canada in the summer holidays.
Upon our arrival, lost in the beautiful scenery, we couldn't wait to start our tour. Dad got a dinghy(橡皮艇)from somewhere. It looked a bit small for the six of us, and we didn't have safety helmets, and were wearing adult-sized life jackets. I don't think any of us had even seen rapids(急流)until we went down them that day, otherwise we'd have realized how foolhardy(莽撞的)our plan was.
The first part of the ride was pretty hair-raising and it was apparent that we had no idea what we were doing. After 20 minutes we hit a rapid and got stuck: there was a huge rock under the surface and our boat was letting in water. The bottom got stuck and we were trapped in the middle of a wide, fast-moving river. Wall after wall of freezing water hit me and the iciness took my breath away. My brother, sisters and I were screaming, Dad was shouting at us that it would all be OK, while Mum yelled at us to hold on. We had no time to come up with any plan other than to hold tight.
It felt as if we were stuck for hours, unable to think or breathe, but it was probably only a few minutes. Then, suddenly I was swept out of the dinghy. I felt a sense of horror, which was replaced by an even greater terror when I realized I was going down the rapids without a boat. I was spun around, bounced off rocks and fell into water: it's what I imagine being trapped in a washing machine is like. There's no sense of up or down; you just gasp(喘氣)for air when you can. I remember thinking, "This is it. I am going to die."
注意:1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;
2. 請按如下格式作答。
But suddenly I felt a determination to live.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When my family eventually found me, I was hugely emotional to realize that we'd all survived.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1.C
M: Good morning, Madam. What can I do for you?
W: Good morning. How much should I pay to send these books to New York?
2.C
W: Do you have a reservation, sir?
M: No, I’m sorry. I don’t.
W: Well, I’d like to help you, but I’m afraid all our rooms are taken.
M: I see. Thank you anyway.
3.B
W: Why do you look so upset?
M: I got a complaint from the manager about delivering the food late, but it wasn't my fault The cook didn't do the meal quickly.
4.A
M: Hey, do you want to make food or just go out tonight?
W: I don’t feel like cooking. We should go out.
M: What would you like to eat?
W: I don’t care, just not fast food.
5.A
W: Has anyone seen my umbrella?
M: Is that brown one by the table yours?
W: No, mine is red with yellow ducklings on it.
6.B 7.A
M: Hey, Ellen, how are you?
W: I’m fine, Bob. Aren’t you glad that the term is over?
M: Yeah. Are you going to the rock concert tonight?
W: I haven’t thought much about it. Are you?
M: Sure. Would you like to go with me?
W: Sounds like fun.
M: It’s time for supper. Why don’t we go out to have dinner together first?
W: That’s a good idea, Let’s go now!
8.A 9.B 10.B
W: Oh, darling, I invited Mrs. Robinson here to tea yesterday afternoon.
M: Yeah, I know. But I do miss the Hoods, our old neighbors. They’re so kind and thoughtful.
W: Well, the Robinsons are also friendly and elegant.
M: Really? They have got a puppy yelping every day. You know I once talked to them, but they still leave it outside their house. We can lend them the doghouse, if necessary.
W: We’d better not. Good fences make good neighbors. The Robinsons are to enjoy their summer holiday. So, I promised to collect their mails while they’re away.
M: Yeah, you’re right. And Mr. Robinson asked me to keep an eye on their house this morning.
W: Good. I want to bake some cookies. Can you help me?
M: Sure.
11.C 12.C 13.B 14.A
W: Should we go abroad for our vacation this year?
M: I think we should stay in the country. How about going to Xi’an? I have some cousins there, but I still haven’t visited them before.
W: What’s there to do in Xi’an?
M: Xi’an is a city with a very long history. Didn’t you pay attention in school? It was an important cultural and political center as far back as the 11th century BC. But at the end of the 3rd century BC, it became the capital of the Qin dynasty. That’s when the different states in China became united. It’s a pretty big city, with more than nine million people living in it. So many museums to see… We should plan enough days there so we can visit several of them. I want to see the Terracotta Army most. Those are the statues of soldiers that the first emperor of China was buried with.
W: That sounds good. I have some school friends living there, too. Maybe they will have time for a visit. When are we going, Julian?
M: May of this year.
15.B 16.A 17.A
M: Doctor Brown, what challenges do you face in the field of writing and how do you deal with them?
W: Well, the first challenge is a lack of time. When I have many balls in the air such as family, work, writing and community, I find that the easiest to drop is writing. I put family in front of everything else, including writing. I can only write in my spare time.
M: And what is your second challenge?
W: The second one is lack of space.
M: Creativity often requires one to totally concentrate, right?
W: Right. And physical space is a basic requirement for that. Every writer should have a room of her own. But I don’t have a room of my own.
M: So where do you usually write?
W: I usually write in my daughter’s room when she’s out with my husband.
M: Well, Doctor Brown, thank you for sharing your story with the readers of our newspaper.
W: And thank you for letting me share my story.
18.B 19.C 20.C
W: A reader wrote in to say that she was feeling left out at break because her best friend wasn’t around. Here’s our advice to her, and to all kids who feel lonely sometimes.
It’s hard when a best friend isn’t around, maybe because she moved to a different school or a different class. You may feel lonely at break or lunchtime. You want to have new friends. But how do you make them? Maybe it seems like everybody else already has their friends. But remember, there’s always room for more friends.
Start by looking around your classroom — thinking about which kids you’d like to play with at break. Look for chances to say hi to them, smile and be friendly. Offer to share something with or express your appreciation to them, invite someone to play with you or say "Do you want to sit here?" at lunchtime. If you have trouble doing this or if you’re feeling shy, ask your teacher to help you make new friends. Teachers are usually pretty good at matching up friends. The best way to make friends is to be a friend. Be kind, be friendly, share, say nice things, offer to help, and pretty soon you’ll have one, or two, or even more new friends.
21.A 22.B 23.C
21.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Nonprofit executive(行政的) director部分中It’s no surprise that leading a team with a duty to improve the world can make your work feel meaningful. The challenges are significant, such as keeping the organization alive with only donations and grants(政府獎助金), but the rewards are also great.可知毫無疑問,領(lǐng)導一個有責任改善世界的團隊會讓你的工作感覺有意義。挑戰(zhàn)是重大的,比如僅靠捐贈和贈款來維持組織的活力,但回報也是巨大的。由此可知,非營利組織執(zhí)行董事的工作很有挑戰(zhàn)性,但也很有意義。故選A。
22.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Director of development部分中Responsible for bringing in the funds(資金) needed to keep a nonprofit growing, this person must be experienced in managing and have analytical abilities.可知負責為非營利組織的發(fā)展帶來資金,這個人必須有管理經(jīng)驗和分析能力。由此可知,Director of development需要豐富的管理經(jīng)驗。故選B。
23.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Nonprofit executive(行政的) director部分中Average annual pay: $59,100(平均年薪:59,100美元);Director of development部分中Average annual pay: $59,000(平均年薪:59,000美元);Foundation program officer部分中Average annual pay: $58,800(平均年薪:58,800美元)以及Registered nurse部分中Average annual pay: $58,900(平均年薪:58,900美元)由此可知,四種工作的年薪大致相同。故選C。
24.B 25.A 26.B 27.A
24.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的“Miracle Moore dialed up emergency help after her mom went into labor three weeks early at their home in Jennings, Missouri, north of St Louis, on 22 October. There wasn’t time to get her mother—Viola Fair—to a hospital, so the operator told the girl what she should do through the birthing process. The girl relayed the information to her mother over the 10-minute phone call. (10月22日,在密蘇里州圣路易斯北部詹寧斯的家中,Miracle Moore的母親提前三周分娩,她隨即撥打了緊急求助電話。沒有時間把她的母親Viola Fair送到醫(yī)院,所以接線員告訴了這個女孩在分娩過程中應(yīng)該做什么。女孩在10分鐘的電話中向母親傳達了這一信息)”可知,第二段主要講的是Miracle如何幫助她正在分娩的母親。故選B。
25.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“The girl relayed the information to her mother over the 10-minute phone call.(女孩在10分鐘的電話中向母親傳達了這一信息)”和第三段的“then Miracle came and she wrapped (包裹) her up in a towel(然后Miracle出現(xiàn)了,她用毛巾把她包起來)”和“She wiped her off and rubbed her back a little bit, so she could cry.(她給她擦了擦后背,讓她哭了)”推知,Miracle是勇敢的,故選A。
26.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段的“did an amazing job(做得很好)”和“She followed all of my instructions(她完全聽從了我的指示)”可知,她完全正確地聽從了接線員的指示,劃線部分“to a T”的意思是“正確地”,和correctly意思相近,故選B。
27.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的“Above all, the experience made Miracle realize what she wants to devote her life to when she grows up. “I want to be a doctor,” Miracle said at the ceremony.(最重要的是,這段經(jīng)歷讓Miracle意識到她長大后想要做什么?!拔蚁氤蔀橐幻t(yī)生,”Miracle在儀式上說)”可知,這次經(jīng)歷對Miracle影響最大,因為她對未來的工作有了一個想法,故選A。
28.C 29.B 30.D 31.D
28.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Video calls are a common occurrence, but have you imagined being able to touch the person on the other end of the line? Scientists are making this a reality.(視頻通話是一種常見的現(xiàn)象,但你是否想象過能夠觸摸電話另一端的人?科學家們正在使這成為現(xiàn)實。)根據(jù)第二段“Researchers at the University of New South Wales Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic device that can recreate the sense of touch. Haptic technology imitates the experience of touch by stimulating localized areas of the skin in ways that are similar to what is felt in the real worlds through force, vibration or motion.”(澳大利亞新南威爾士大學的研究人員發(fā)明了一種柔軟的皮膚拉伸設(shè)備(SSD),這是一種可以重建觸覺的觸覺設(shè)備。觸覺技術(shù)通過刺激局部皮膚區(qū)域來模仿觸覺體驗,就像在現(xiàn)實世界中通過力量、振動或運動所感受到的感覺一樣。)可知,文章講述的SSD的裝置使虛擬觸覺交流成為可能,故選C項。
29.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容 “It works like this” 和后文“And his/her glove with 3D force sensors will measure these interactions. The force signals can be sent to your glove so your device will generate the same 3D forces, making you experience the same sense of touch as your friend. ”(他/她的帶有三維力傳感器的手套將測量這些相互作用。信號可以發(fā)送到你的手套,這樣你的設(shè)備將產(chǎn)生相同的三維力,使你體驗到和你的朋友一樣的觸覺。)可知這段主要是解釋 SSD 的工作原理。故選B項。
30.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句“ The haptic devices could be applied in various scenarios, allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance.”(這種觸覺裝置可以應(yīng)用在各種場景中,使用戶可以感覺到虛擬世界中或遠處的物體。)可知,觸覺設(shè)備可以應(yīng)用在各種場景中,允許用戶感受虛擬世界中的物體或者遠距離的物體。選項Feeling a silk scarf being sold online. 表示“感覺一條絲巾在網(wǎng)上出售”的含義,而要感覺絲巾的順滑就需要去觸摸,那這個技術(shù)就可以用上了。故選D項。
31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句話“Researchers at the University of New South Wales Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic device that can recreate the sense of touch”(澳大利亞新南威爾士的研究人員發(fā)明了一種軟皮膚拉伸裝置,這種裝置可以重現(xiàn)觸覺。)可知,文章主要講述了SSD)這樣一個能夠讓人們在遠距離就獲得觸覺感知的新發(fā)明,以及它的優(yōu)勢以及應(yīng)用。所以短文的主要目的是在向讀者告知一種新的發(fā)明。故選D項。
32.A 33.D 34.C 35.C
32.細節(jié)理解題。從題干關(guān)鍵詞“quiz game”,可以定位到文章第二段,根據(jù)第二段的第一句“In his research,he asked 44 participants aged 18—35 to play a geography quiz game consisting of nine difficult questions so that they often got the answer wrong.(在他的研究中,他讓44名年齡在18-35歲之間的參與者玩一個由9道難題組成的地理問答游戲,這樣他們答案就會經(jīng)常出錯。)”可知,Witchel博士在問答游戲中使用難題是為了使參與者很難正確回答。選項A意為“使得參與者們很難回答出正確答案。”,與原文內(nèi)容符合。故選A項。
33.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Witchel博士說的話“However, behavioral ecology theory suggests that all smiles are tools used in social interactions, meaning cheerfulness is neither necessary nor rich for smiling. Our study showed that in these humancomputer interaction experiments, smiling isn't driven by happiness; it is associated with subjective involvement(主觀參與) , which acts like a social fuel for smiling, even when socialising with a computer on your own.”可知,行為生態(tài)學理論認為,所有的微笑都是社會交往的工具,這意味微笑既不是必要的,也不是豐富的。我們的研究表明,在這種人機交互實驗中,微笑不是由快樂驅(qū)動的,它與主觀參與有關(guān),這種主觀參與就像是微笑的社交燃料,即使是在你自己和電腦社交時也是如此。由此可推斷,Witchel博士的研究結(jié)果和行為生態(tài)學家的理論是一致的。選項D意為“Witchel博士的研究結(jié)果和行為生態(tài)學家的理論一致”,與此相符。故選D項。
34.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句“Our study showed that in these humancomputer interaction experiments,smiling isn't driven by happiness; it is associated with subjective involvement(主觀參與),which acts like a social fuel for smiling, even when socialising with a computer on your own.(我們的研究表明,在這種人機交互實驗中,微笑不是由快樂驅(qū)動的,它與主觀參與有關(guān),這種主觀參與就像是微笑的社交燃料,即使是在你自己和電腦社交時也是如此。)”可知,在Witchel博士看來,微笑與主觀參與有關(guān)。選項C意為“在Witchel博士看來,微笑與主觀參與有關(guān)?!迸c此相符。故選C項。
35.標題歸納題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知,人們普遍認為微笑意味著一個人很快樂,而且微笑通常發(fā)生在他們遇到另一個人或一群人時。然而,由肢體語言專家Witchel博士領(lǐng)導的一項新研究表明,情況并非總是這樣。根據(jù)文章第四段可第三句“Our study showed that in these humancomputer interaction experiments,smiling isn't driven by happiness; it is associated with subjective involvement(主觀參與),which acts like a social fuel for smiling, even when socialising with a computer on your own.(我們的研究表明,在這種人機交互實驗中,微笑不是由快樂驅(qū)動的,它與主觀參與有關(guān),這種主觀參與就像是微笑的社交燃料,即使是在你自己和電腦社交時也是如此。)”可知,研究表明微笑僅僅是社交的需要,并不表明這個人一定快樂。選項C意為“微笑并不一定意味著快樂”,與文中的觀點相符。故選C項。
36.D 37.E 38.B 39.F 40.G
36.根據(jù)上文“When you're feeling anxious, you might feel stuck and unsure of how to feel better. You might even do things that fuel your anxiety. How do you reduce your anxiety right now?(當你感到焦慮時,你可能會感到不知所措,不知道如何才能感覺好一些。你甚至可能做一些加劇焦慮的事情。你現(xiàn)在如何減輕焦慮呢?)”結(jié)合后文提到了四點減輕焦慮的建議,可知本句總起后文,提出有一些有助于減輕焦慮的辦法。故D選項“以下是一些已被證明有效的方法”符合語境,故選D。
37.根據(jù)本段標題“Take a deep breath(深呼吸)”以及后文“Because it makes the body's relaxation response. It helps the body change from being excited to being relaxed.(因為它使身體的放松反應(yīng)。它能幫助身體從興奮狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榉潘蔂顟B(tài))”可知,本段主要說明減輕焦慮的方法是深呼吸,E選項中“Deep breathing”可對應(yīng)到標題中“a deep breath”。故E選項“深呼吸是一種有效的減輕焦慮的技巧”符合語境,故選E。
38.本空為本段小標題,根據(jù)后文內(nèi)容“Remember that anxiety is just a feeling, like any other feeling. By reminding yourself that anxiety is simply an emotional reaction, you can start to accept it. It just means you would benefit by accepting reality as it is-and reality includes anxiety.(記住,焦慮只是一種感覺,就像其他任何感覺一樣。通過提醒自己焦慮只是一種情緒反應(yīng),你就可以開始接受它。它只是意味著你會因為接受現(xiàn)實而受益——現(xiàn)實也包括焦慮)”可知,本段主要說明了,要將焦慮看作一種感覺,當做現(xiàn)實來接受,才會從中受益,B選項中“anxious”可對應(yīng)到后文中“anxiety”。故B選項“接受你的焦慮”符合語境,故選B。
39.根據(jù)上文“When people are anxious their brains start coming up with all sorts of strange ideas, many of which are unrealistic and unlikely to occur.(當人們焦慮時,他們的大腦會產(chǎn)生各種各樣奇怪的想法,其中許多是不現(xiàn)實的,不太可能發(fā)生的)”可知,本句應(yīng)承接上文,進一步說明這些不現(xiàn)實想法對人的影響,F(xiàn)選項中“these thoughts”可對應(yīng)到上文中“all sorts of strange ideas”。故F選項“這些想法只會加劇你本已焦慮的狀態(tài)”符合語境,故選F。
40.根據(jù)后文“Even if something serious is happening, focusing on the present moment will improve your ability to manage the situation.(即使發(fā)生了嚴重的事情,把注意力集中在此時此刻也會提高你處理情況的能力)”可知,本句主要是在說明焦慮時,要關(guān)注現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事情,且G選項中“pay attention to”可對應(yīng)到后文中“focusing on”故G選項“相反,停下來,深呼吸,關(guān)注現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事情”符合語境,故選G。
41.D 42.C 43.A 44.C 45.A 46.B 47.C 48.B 49.A 50.C 51.B 52.D 53.D 54.B 55.A
41.考查介詞詞義辨析。句意:盡管我們知道塑料污染有著生態(tài)、生態(tài)毒理學和經(jīng)濟的影響,但我們還是不能禁止使用塑料產(chǎn)品。A. Without沒有;B. Besides除了……還有;C. Except除了……之外;D. Despite盡管。根據(jù)下文“we have not been able to forbid the use of plastic products.(我們還不能禁止使用塑料產(chǎn)品)”可知它與上文是讓步關(guān)系,意思是“盡管我們知道有影響,但還是不能禁止使用塑料”。故選D項。
42.考查介詞短語辨析。句意:現(xiàn)在,多虧了一個17歲女孩的發(fā)明,我們終于有了一個更好的選擇。A. but for要不是;B. other than除了……之外;C. thanks to幸虧;D. rather than而不是。根據(jù)下文“we finally have a much better alternative. (我們終于有了一個更好的選擇)”可知上一句是說我們有了好的選擇的原因,這個原因就是“多虧了一個17歲女孩的發(fā)明”。故選C項。
43.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:它的分解速度比我們現(xiàn)在使用的大多數(shù)商業(yè)塑料產(chǎn)品都快150萬倍。A. commercial商業(yè)的;B. comprehensive全面的;C. contrary相反的;D. constant不斷的。根據(jù)常識可知,我們今天所使用的塑料產(chǎn)品大多數(shù)都是塑料商品,即“商業(yè)塑料產(chǎn)品”。故選A項。
44.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:利用這兩種有機材料的結(jié)合,Arora創(chuàng)造了一種塑料狀材料,在33天內(nèi)可以完全分解。A. similarity類似;B. distinction差別;C. combination結(jié)合;D. contact聯(lián)系。根據(jù)下文“Arora created a plastic-like material”可知 Arora 創(chuàng)造了一種塑料狀材料,所以 Arora要把兩種有機材料(these two organic materials)結(jié)合才能創(chuàng)造出一種材料。故選C項。
45.考查動詞短語辨析。句意:利用這兩種有機材料的結(jié)合,Arora創(chuàng)造了一種塑料狀材料,在33天內(nèi)可以完全分解。A. breaks down分解;B. takes down記下;C. puts down放下;D. sets down制定。根據(jù)上文“it divides 1.5 million times faster than most of 3 plastic products we use today.(它的分解速度比我們現(xiàn)在使用的大多數(shù)商業(yè)塑料產(chǎn)品都快150萬倍)”可知她所創(chuàng)造出來的這種材料分解得快,所以說“它可以在33天內(nèi)完全分解”。故選A項。
46.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:此外,這種塑料在分解時釋放氮氣,這就是為什么它可以用作覆蓋物或植物肥料。A. reduces減少;B. releases釋放;C. stores儲存;D. increases增加。根據(jù)下文“when dividing(當這種塑料分解時)”可知塑料會分解,所以根據(jù)常識可知,當塑料分解時,它會釋放氮氣。故選B項。
47.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:她還通過英特爾國際科學與工程博覽會獲得了國際認可。A. disapproval不贊同;B. ability能力;C. recognition認識;D. profit利潤。根據(jù)上文“Arora was awarded the Innovator to Market Award.”可知Arora被授予了市場創(chuàng)新者獎,而全段都講她的成就,所以接著說“她獲得了國際認可”也是她的成就之一。故選C項。
48.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:來自超過81個國家的數(shù)千名優(yōu)秀學生參加了比賽,Arora因為她的創(chuàng)造力排名第四。A. courageous勇敢的;B. brilliant優(yōu)秀的;C. generous慷慨的;D. honest誠實的。根據(jù)常識可知,能參加這種大賽的學生都是優(yōu)秀的學生。故選B項。
49.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:她還獲得了一所美國最好的大學的綜合獎學金。A. scholarship獎學金;B. medal獎牌;C. admiration欽佩;D. election選舉。根據(jù)下文“now a student of medicine”可知她成為了一名醫(yī)學生,所以根據(jù)常識可以推斷出,她是獲得了該大學的綜合獎學金之后才被錄取成為一名醫(yī)學生。故選A項。
50.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:這個17歲的學生,現(xiàn)在是醫(yī)學專業(yè)的學生,正在研究如何擺脫使用傳統(tǒng)塑料。A. require需要;B. remain保持;C. remove除去;D. reflect反應(yīng)。根據(jù)下文“She is also talking to supermarkets and 12 them to use her biodegradable plastic(她還與超市交談,力勸他們使用她的可降解塑料)”可知,她正在除去傳統(tǒng)塑料的使用,即讓人們接受她的可降解塑料。故選C項。
51.考查動詞短語辨析。句意:然而,在此之前,她必須取得合法手續(xù),如專利申請。A. see through識破;B. go through(法律、協(xié)議、決定等)獲得通過;C. pass through穿過;通過;D. get through完成。根據(jù)下文“such as patenting.”可知她要進行專利申請,此處用“such as”舉例說明了上文所做的事,那么“專利申請”也就是“取得合法手續(xù)”之一。故選B項。
52.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:她還與超市交談,力勸他們使用她的可降解塑料。A. forbidding禁止;B. allowing允許;C. forcing強破;D. urging力勸。由下文“them to use her biodegradable plastic”可知,因為是要推廣她的新的環(huán)保產(chǎn)品,所以她要對他們進行勸說。故選D項。
53.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:它可用于各種包裝,并且產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)成本也低于大多數(shù)生物降解產(chǎn)品。A. clearer更清楚;B. higher更高的;C. cheaper更便宜的;D. lower更低的;根據(jù)上文“which is insoluble, durable, and transparent.(這種塑料是不溶性的,耐用的和透明的)”可知這種塑料有很多優(yōu)點,所以“生產(chǎn)成本低于其它產(chǎn)品”也是優(yōu)點之一。故選D項。
54.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:作為一個鼓舞人心的年輕女性,Arora想要改變世界,她想要鼓勵其他年輕人,尤其是年輕女性,追隨她們的熱情,盡其所能做出積極的改變。A. innocent無辜的;B. inspiring鼓舞人心的;C. independent獨立的;D. interesting有趣的。根據(jù)上文“Now, 2 the invention of a 17-year-old girl, we finally have a much better alternative.”可知,Arora在17歲時就取得了驚人的成就,所以說“她是一個鼓舞人心的年輕女性”,為他人樹立了榜樣,能鼓舞他人。故選B項。
55.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:作為一個鼓舞人心的年輕女性,Arora想要改變世界,她想要鼓勵其他年輕人,尤其是年輕女性,追隨她們的熱情,盡其所能做出積極的改變。A. follow跟隨;B. oppose反對;C. destroy毀壞;D. damage損壞。根據(jù)下文“and make a positive difference however they can.”可知她鼓勵年輕人,要盡其所能做出積極的改變,所以年輕人要做到這一點,需要他們追隨自己的激情,全情投入才行。故選A項。
56.who 57.waiting 58.to 59.success 60.more 61.was 62.was touched 63.to do 64.kindly 65.a(chǎn)
56.考查定語從句。句意:我和我的搭檔去購物,他需要一條褲子。此處who是關(guān)系代詞,引導非限制性定語從句,在句子中用作主語,修飾先行詞partner。故填who。
57.考查非謂語動詞。句意:喝咖啡的時候,他注意到外面有一個流浪漢,就告訴我他在更衣室里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一枚一英鎊的硬幣,他打算把它給那個人。while引導的時間狀語,當從句的主語和主句的主語一致的時候,可以省略從句的主語和謂語。wait與句子主語是主動關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填waiting。
58.考查介詞。句意:喝咖啡的時候,他注意到外面有一個流浪漢,就告訴我他在更衣室里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一枚一英鎊的硬幣,他打算把它給那個人。此處to是介詞,gives th.to sb.是固定短語,意思是“給某人某物”。 故填to。
59.考查名詞。句意:他曾試圖與那個人交談,但沒有成功。此處success是名詞形式,用作介詞without的賓語。故填success。
60.考查比較級。句意:這個男人有很多袋子,也在檢查垃圾桶,拿更多的東西。此處more是形容詞many的比較級;由前面的he just put the money in one of his bags和句意可知,用比較級形式。故填more。
61.考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:有一件事他重復了幾次:“我的銀行賬戶里有一百萬英鎊?!贝颂幘渥又髡Z是不定代詞one,所以謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式,表示過去的狀態(tài)。故填was。
62.考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:我被同伴的舉動感動了。此處was touched是一般過去時的被動語態(tài),句子主語是I,與動詞touch是被動關(guān)系,表示過去發(fā)生的動作。故填was touched。
63.考查非謂語動詞。句意:我建議他應(yīng)該做我祖母經(jīng)常告訴我做的事,把它遞給別人,不管多小。此處to do是動詞不定式,用作賓補,句型是tells sb. to do sth.,意思是“告訴某人做某事”。 故填to do。
64.考查副詞。句意:他好心地取笑我,因為我還建議給它加一磅,因為它的數(shù)量太少了。此處kindly是副詞,用作狀語,修飾動詞made。故填kindly。
65.考查冠詞。句意:他好心地取笑我,因為我還建議給它加一磅,因為它的數(shù)量太少了。此處a是不定冠詞,表示泛指,修飾名詞amount。故填a。
66.My dear fellows,
??Good morning! My name is Li Hua. It is my great honor to share with you my reading experience.
??I’ve been in love with reading since primary school. Reading is a necessity in my life. I read almost every day and have a wide range of book choices. Of them, I am most interested in science fictions. Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea is my favorite, which tells a story of a wonderful adventure under the sea.
??I think that reading has a lot of positive effects on me, for it can broaden my horizon and improve my creativity.
67.But suddenly I felt a determination to live. It was raining harder and harder, and the river was rushing towards us. I firmly said to my parents , “don't give up”. We must carry on. Just then, I held on to the rubber boat and tried to get it to shore. It took all my strength, which made me so exhausted, and fortunately, I made it. A feeling of excitement arose, but at that moment, the powerful impact of the current, threw me into the distant pool. My vision grew dim and everything in front of me disappeared.
When my family finally found me, I was thrilled to realize that we had all survived. I gradually came to and found that my parents' eyes were full of tears. We hugged each other tightly and asked each other whether we were hurt. To our great comfort, none of us were hurt. Finally we worked together and landed safely. At this time, what really let me deeply understand was that no matter when you meet difficulties, or what kind of difficulties, we must stick to it and never give up.
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