?2023年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試
英 語 試 題 卷
(銀川一中第三次模擬考試)
注意事項：
1．答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。
2．作答時，務必將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷及草稿紙上無效。
3．考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分：聽力理解(共兩節(jié)。滿分30分)
做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié) (共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A.＄19.15. B.＄9.18. C.＄9.15.
答案是C.
1. 【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At the customs. B. At the hotel. C. At the cinema.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Welcome. Passport and form, please.
W: Sure. Here you go.
M: Thank you. What’s the purpose of your visit?
W: I’m here for work. I’m on a business trip.
2. 【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】
How much money will the man get back?
A. $6. B. $4. C. $10.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, are you ready to pay?
M: Yes, could I get these two shirts?
W: Sure. The total is six dollars.
M: OK. I’ve got ten.
3. 【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】
How does the woman feel finally?
A. Defeated. B. Depressed. C. Encouraged.
【答案】C
【解析】
原文】M: How was your exam?
W: I really messed up, Uncle. I couldn’t answer a lot of the questions. I already know that I failed.
M: Everybody makes mistakes. Auntie and I will always support you!
W: Thank you, Uncle. I will try again.
4. 【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】
What does the man want?
A. Some chips. B. Ship models. C. Pig dolls.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey mom, are you at the supermarket now?
W: Hello? Sweetie, the sound isn’t very clear.
M: Don’t forget to bring me some chips, and I don’t want a small bag. I want a big one.
W: A pig ship? What is it? A model? I can’t hear you clearly. You can text me.
5. 【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】
What made the woman wait so long for her clothes?
A. Her not being informed in time.
B. The wrong delivery of her package.
C. The breaking-down of the company.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Ben. I will go to the front desk to fetch my package. My new clothes finally came!
M: Did it take a long time?
W: Yeah. They made a mistake and sent it to the wrong address.
M: I want to send a package too. So I’ll go with you.
第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】

6. How long will the speakers wait for?
A. 45 minutes. B. 55 minutes. C. 60 minutes.
7. What will the speakers do next?
A. Wait in line. B. Do some shopping. C. Find another restaurant.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Wow, look! So many people are waiting in line. This place is always packed on Fridays.
W: I don’t want to stand here for an hour. Let’s go somewhere else.
M: It’s Friday night. Everywhere has a line. Let’s just eat here. We can use a waitlist app.
W: A waitlist app? How does that work?
M: You just choose the restaurant, and the app will put you on the waitlist and give you a number.
W: That’s easy. Does it say how many groups are ahead of us?
M: Yeah, 10 groups. So, it’s a 45-minute wait for our table, but we don’t have to stick around here.
W: Great. What are we waiting for? Let’s do some shopping to kill time.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】

8. Who is the cake made for?
A. The man. B. The woman. C. The man’s daughter.
9. What will they do first according to the recipe?
A. Heat the oven. B. Mix the flour. C. Brush the pan.
10. What will the man finally do?
A. Cut out a piece of cake.
B. Put some fruit on the cake.
C. Write a message on the cake.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey Jen, thank you for helping me bake a cake for my daughter.
W: No problem. It’s so sweet of you to make her a cake.
M: Yeah, but I’ve never made a cake before. So, hopefully, it’ll be OK!
W: I’m sure it will. What’s first on the recipe?
M: Well, it says to heat the oven first to 180 degrees.
W: I’ll do that while you start mixing the flour.
M: OK, I also need eggs, butter, and 2 cups of sugar? Is that too much?
W: Nope! 2 cups is perfect. Now we just put the mixture in the pan and bake it for 30 minutes.
M: That’s it? Well, that was a piece of cake!
W: Do you want to write a special message on it?
M: Yes. It’s “Happy every day!”
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】

11. Why was Mike’s brother crying?
A. Mike didn’t play with his brother.
B. Mike didn’t give his brother’s things back.
C. Mike didn’t let his brother play with his toys.
12. What does the woman think of Mike’s behavior?
A. Unusual. B. Unselfish. C. Unfriendly.
13. What does the woman advise Mike to do?
A. To be more careful.
B. To share things.
C. To make an apology.
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter.
B. Brother and sister.
C. Mother and son.
【答案】11. C 12. C 13. B 14. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Mike, do you know why your brother is crying?
M: I don’t know. Maybe because I wouldn’t let him play with my toys.
W: That’s not very kind. What do we say in our family?
M: Sharing is caring.
W: That’s right. Sharing is caring. That means you two need to take turns with your toys.
M: But he always plays them alone! He never gives them back.
W: You’re his big brother. You need to set an example for him.
M: But sometimes he even breaks them!
W: I’ll ask him to be more careful. And you can ask him nicely to give them back next time.
M: But...
W: No buts, Mister! If you don’t listen to my words, I’ll tell your father.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】

15. What do we know about this manned flight mission?
A. It has the longest staying time.
B. It is the hardest to operate.
C. It travels at the fastest speed.
16. What do Taikonauts do to pass the time?
A. Play instruments. B. Play tennis. C. Play cards.
17. What does the woman’s final words mean?
A. Women are as excellent as men.
B. Women undertake more than men do.
C. Women are less suitable in this mission.
【答案】15. A 16. A 17. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hey, are you watching a video of the Chinese space station? Shenzhou-12, right?
M: Close. Shenzhou-13.
W: It’s hard to keep up with China speed! So how long are they in orbit this time?
M: Six months, the longest stay of any single manned fight mission in China’s history.
W: So do you watch them conduct experiments or spacewalks or what?
M: Pretty much. They even give lessons in the space station!
W: I wonder what the Taikonauts do to pass the time up there?
M: They go for jogs, play musical instruments, and even play ping-pong.
W: Zero-gravity ping-pong! I gotta try that! Who’s that lady floating by?
M: That’s Wang Yaping. She’s become somewhat of a celebrity down here on earth.
W: Well, women hold up half the sky, so it’s only fitting that they should work in it too.
聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】

18. Which pet may an outgoing person prefer?
A. A cat. B. A dog. C. A bird.
19. What may a cat owner be like?
A. Sociable. B. Clever. C. Careful.
20. What does the speech mainly talk about?
A. More outgoing dog people.
B. Less sociable cat people.
C. Pet people’s personalities.
【答案】18 B 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Are you a dog person or a cat person? What psychological factors make a person choose one type of pet over the other?
An outgoing person prefers dogs. This should really come as no surprise. Owning a dog is a social experience, because you always have to walk them and interact with other dog owners. If you really like talking to other people, a dog might be for you. Cats on the other hand tend to stay at home, which means that taking care of a cat requires much less social interaction.
Cat people are smarter. While studies show that dog lovers are more outgoing and lively, cat lovers score higher on intelligence tests, and are said to be more open-minded. They are also more curious about the world, even though they might not leave the house to see it as much!
Do you love a dog or a cat? Are you a different kind of pet person like a turtle person or a bird person? Does your personality match with some features we talked about earlier? I hope my speech will be helpful to you. Thank you for listening!
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
A
If you have no difficulty in understanding what native English speakers say in daily life, there is a whole new world of brilliant podcast (播客) series to explore. If you aren’t sure where to start, have a look at these:

The Joc Rogan Experience ★★★★★
The Joc Rogan Experience is a great learning device because of its interesting English conversations between Rogan and his guests. At the time of writing there have been over 1,660 episodes with subjects ranging from comedy and science to politics and sports. Rogan is also a famous stand-up comedian, so the show is full of cultural references and idioms.

This American Life ★★★★★
This American Life is a great choice for English learners who want an insight into the culture of the USA. It is a mixture of journalism and storytelling, focusing on real-life tales from citizens of all regions of the country. The stories are new and varied. One episode was taped for 24 hours in an all-night restaurant; another interviewed workers on strike.


The Writer's Voice ★★★★☆
The New Yorker is a famous American magazine, and every week it prints a new short story. In this podcast, the week's story is read aloud by its writer. The published work covers a wide range of life experiences across the United States and beyond. It's a great way to enjoy some of the best new fiction in the country.


Overheard at National Geographic ★★★★★
National Geographic is a much-loved American magazine (and TV channel) famous for incredible stories and photography related to science and the environment. Overheard is about the discussions Nat Geo employees have had while taking breaks. Expect crazy stories from explorers, photographers, and scientists from around the world.

21. In order to fully enjoy these podcasts, you should________.
A. have interaction with hosts
B have good English competence
C. be interested in being a podcaster
D. be familiar with American social life
22. Which podcast gives you more stories behind the scene?
A. The Writer's Voice.
B. This American Life.
C. The Joe Rogan Experience.
D. Overheard at National Geographic.
23. What do these podcasts have in common?
A. They enjoy great popularity.
B. Their stories are set in America.
C. They are attached to magazines.
D. Their works are updated weekly.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要向在日常生活中理解以英語為母語的人說的話沒有困難的人介紹了全新的精彩播客系列。
【21題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第一段第一句“If you have no difficulty in understanding what native English speakers say in daily life, there is a whole new world of brilliant podcast series to explore.(如果你在日常生活中理解以英語為母語的人說的話沒有困難，還有一個全新的精彩播客系列等著你去探索)”可知，如果想要完全享受這些播客，首先你要有好的英語能力。故選B項。
【22題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據文章最后一段倒數第二句“Overheard is about the discussions Nat Geo employees have had while taking breaks.(偶然聽到的是國家地理員工在休息時的討論)”可知，Overheard at National Geographic可以讓你聽到更多的幕后故事。故選D項。
【23題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據第一個小標題下第二句“At the time of writing there have been over 1,660 episodes with subjects ranging from comedy and science to politics and sports.(到我寫這篇文章的時候，已經有1660多集了，主題從喜劇、科學到政治和體育)”和其余三個小標題的第一句“This American Life is a great choice for English learners who want an insight into the culture of the USA.(《美國生活》對于想要深入了解美國文化的英語學習者來說是一個很好的選擇)”“The New Yorker is a famous American magazine, and every week it prints a new short story.(《紐約客》是美國著名的雜志，它每周出版一篇新的短篇小說)”“National Geographic is a much-loved American magazine (and TV channel) famous for incredible stories and photography related to science and the environment.(《國家地理》是一本深受喜愛的美國雜志(和電視頻道)，以與科學和環(huán)境有關的令人難以置信的故事和照片而聞名)”可知，這幾個播客的共同點是它們都很受歡迎。故選A項。
B
Don’t call Madison Stewart an environmentalist. She sees herself simply as an individual taking action in defense of something she loves that’s in need of protection.
Despite her youth, the 24-year-old is an undersea veteran (老手). She grew up sailing around the Great Barrier Reef on her parents’ boat and spent her early life free diving while patiently waiting for the day when she could get her scuba diving (水肺潛水) certification, aged 12. Already impressed by sharks, Madison was now pleased to be able to observe them in their own world. “I got to know the sharks...I could recognize them by sight,” Madison says. “Other people had dogs around them growing up. I had sharks.”
But within a couple of years, she saw a great reduction in shark numbers on the reef. “One day I went in the water and couldn’t find my sharks anywhere, sharks I’d spent my childhood with,” she says. “They’d been caught and killed.” It was a great moment for Madison.
She left school at 14 to be homeschooled so she could spend more time in the ocean. She taught herself to shoot underwater video to document sharks in their own world and share her sense of wonder with others. She launched a YouTube channel and built a huge following for her documentaries where she focuses on issues like inadequate protection for some shark species and the global shark fin (鰭) industry.
In 2014 Madison was the subject of the encouraging documentary Shark Girl, which introduced her to a global audience. In 2017 she appeared as an “Ocean Guardian” in the documentary Blue that explored a lot of threats to the world’s marine environments, including the damaging effect of the global shark fishery. The film encourages viewers to get involved and includes practical steps to guide them to do so. It shows Madison’s philosophy that the power of the individual to make a difference by their own direct action should never be underestimated.
24. What did Madison do before getting her scuba diving certification?
A. She went sailing often. B. She went boating alone.
C. She practised free diving. D. She protected the Great Barrier Reef.
25. Why did Madison shoot underwater video to document sharks?
A. To record sharks’ world of wonder. B. To popularize her photography works.
C. To raise awareness of shark conservation. D. To spare more time to accompany sharks.
26. Which of the following may agree with Madison’s philosophy?
A. Many hands make light work. B. Action speaks louder than words.
C. Together we can make a difference. D. Personal influence can’t be ignored.
27. What’s the purpose of writing this passage?
A. To introduce an influential conservationist.
B. To advertise some encouraging documentaries.
C. To inspire people to protect whatever they love.
D. To inform people how to preserve marine wildlife.
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了海洋守護者麥迪遜為了保護鯊魚所做的努力，她參與拍攝的紀錄片也鼓勵人們參與鯊魚保護的行動中來。
【24題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段第二句“She grew up sailing around the Great Barrier Reef on her parents’ boat and spent her early life free diving while patiently waiting for the day when she could get her scuba diving (水肺潛水) certification, aged 12.(12歲時，她乘父母的船繞著大堡礁航行，早年自由潛水，耐心地等待著獲得水肺潛水證書的那一天)”可知，麥迪遜在獲得水肺潛水證書之前練習自由潛水。故選C。
【25題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據第四段“She taught herself to shoot underwater video to document sharks in their own world and share her sense of wonder with others. She launched a YouTube channel and built a huge following for her documentaries where she focuses on issues like inadequate protection for some shark species and the global shark fin (鰭) industry.(她自學拍攝水下視頻，記錄鯊魚在它們自己的世界里，并與他人分享她的驚奇感。她開設了一個YouTube頻道，并為她的紀錄片建立了大量的追隨者，她關注的問題包括對某些鯊魚物種的保護不足以及全球魚翅產業(yè))”可推知，她拍攝鯊魚水下生活的視頻是為了提升人們保護鯊魚的意識。故選C。
【26題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段“It shows Madison’s philosophy that the power of the individual to make a difference by their own direct action should never be underestimated.(它顯示了麥迪遜的哲學，即個人通過自己的直接行動產生影響的力量永遠不應該被低估)”可知，麥迪遜的哲學是個人改變世界的力量不應該被低估。故選D。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據第一段“Don’t call Madison Stewart an environmentalist. She sees herself simply as an individual taking action in defense of something she loves that’s in need of protection.(不要稱麥迪遜·斯圖爾特為環(huán)保主義者。她只把自己看作是一個采取行動來保護她所愛的、需要保護的東西的個體)”結合本文主要介紹了海洋守護者麥迪遜為了保護鯊魚所做的努力，她參與拍攝的紀錄片也鼓勵人們參與鯊魚保護的行動中來。由此推知，寫這篇文章的目的是介紹一位有影響力的環(huán)保主義者。故選A。
C
For thousands of years, Chinese writers have travelled all over the country to take down notes about the geographical conditions of each city. Among them, well-known Chinese geographer and writer Li Daoyuan, in the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534), composed his book, Commentary on the Water Classics, after studying the original literary version, Water Classics. He later expanded the river records to 1, 252 from the original 137.
The book is now being studied again by Professor Li Xiaojie and his team from Fudan University. They have been using drawing software and 3D modelling to recreate the waterway situations on a map based on the book description. So far, they have completed research on four rivers.
“Ancient people knew really well how to apply the power of nature to technical considerations,”Li said, giving the example of Qianjin’e, one of the most famous ancient water conservation projects in Luoyang, Henan. In order to lead the river into the city for irrigation (灌溉) in ancient Luoyang, the officials built a canal branch by separating a northwest-southeast river. However, the canal water wasn't enough to support the citizens in dry seasons. To solve that, on the northern side of the canal branch, the officials built a reservoir (水庫) and a channel to lead the water to the canal branch, where the waterways would converge and flow together to the city.
In Commentary on the Water Classics, a total of 2, 800 cities are recorded with details. Still, the process of recreation takes much effort. After doing a lot of text analysis and fieldwork, the team has gradually created the model with 3D modelling software based on repeated deductions (推論).
For Professor Li, the book is not only a record of the natural landscape over 1, 000 years ago, but also a detailed description of humanity and culture and a treasure for today’s reference.
28. What can we learn about the book Commentary on the Water Classics?
A. It has been out of date. B. It explains 3D modelling.
C. It keeps records of 137 rivers. D. It is based on previous studies.
29. What does the underlined word “converge” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Join. B. Pass. C. Cross. D. Begin.
30. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about model recreation?
A. Its major problems. B. Its detailed analysis.
C. Its complex process. D. Its successful application.
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. 3D Technology Fuels Modern Research
B. Ancient Classics Inspire Modern Research
C. An Effective Approach to Model Recreation
D. A Famous Writer of Chinese Ancient Classics
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講述了復旦大學李曉杰教授及其團隊根據古代著作《水經注》的描述，使用繪圖軟件和3D建模重現了水道情況。
【28題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中“Among them, well-known Chinese geographer and writer Li Daoyuan, in the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534), composed his book, Commentary on the Water Classics, after studying the original literary version, Water Classics.(其中，中國著名地理學家、作家酈道元在北魏（386-534）對《水經》原著進行研究后，撰寫了《水經注》一書)”可知，《水經注》是基于對之前《水經》一書的研究。故選D項。
【29題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據劃線詞前“To solve that, on the northern side of the canal branch, the officials built a reservoir (水庫) and a channel to lead the water to the canal branch(為了解決這個問題，官員們在運河支流的北側建了一個水庫和一個渠道，把水引到運河支流)”及劃線詞后“flow together to the city(一起流向城市)”可知，此處指水在支流匯合然后一起流入城市，converge意為“匯合”。故選A項。
【30題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據第四段“Still, the process of recreation takes much effort. After doing a lot of text analysis and fieldwork, the team has gradually created the model with 3D modelling software based on repeated deductions(推論).(然而，娛樂的過程需要很多努力。經過大量的文本分析和實地調查，團隊在反復推演的基礎上，用3D建模軟件逐步建立模型)”可知，本段主要講述重建模型的復雜過程。故選C項。
【31題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，結合第二段中“They have been using drawing software and 3D modelling to recreate the waterway situations on a map based on the book description.(他們一直在使用繪圖軟件和3D建模，在地圖上根據書中的描述重現水道情況)”可知，文章主要講述復旦大學李曉杰教授及其團隊根據《水經注》的描述，使用繪圖軟件和3D建模重現了水道情況。故B項“古代經典啟發(fā)現代研究”適合作為文章標題。故選B項。
D
Is the end of homework near? As new powerful artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT take the Internet by storm, teachers concerned with AI-driven cheating are questioning their teaching and assessment methods.
ChatGPT, the most powerful AI language model ever developed by the company OpenAI, remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. Deriving its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet, it is fine-tuned using both supervised and reinforcement learning. It is capable of generating natural-sounding text on demand in just a few seconds. The quality of the copy it produces is sufficient to impress teachers in secondary and higher education, and even researchers. A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.
The use of AI tools in copywriting has sparked an outcry around the world. In the United States, public schools in New York and Seattle have decided to block ChatGPT from their devices and WiFi networks. In France, the prestigious Sciences Po university in Paris has also just announced a strict ban on its use. But experts question whether bans like these are really effective. On one hand, students will always be able to access tools like ChatGPT through other means than school devices. On the other hand, some question the relevance of blocking access to a digital tool whose use is likely to grow in the professional world in the coming years.
Amelie Cordier, a lecturer in artificial intelligence at Lyon University, notes that students haven’t waited for ChatGPT to try to escape the chore of homework—whether by photocopying the library encyclopedia, copy-pasting content from Wikipedia or enlisting their parents’ help. “What is ultimately very important in the learning process is not so much the subject on which you learn, it’s the methodology that you learn to develop around that subject,” Cordier said.
32. Why does the author raise a question in paragraph 1?
A. To imply a future trend.
B. To arouse the readers’ interest.
C. To introduce background knowledge.
D. To reveal the negative effects of artificial intelligence.
33. For what purpose does the author list figures in paragraph 2?
A. To show the popularity of ChatGPT.
B. To stress the high cost of inventing ChatGPT.
C. To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.
D. To prove the necessity of developing tools for chatting online.
34. Which of the following is probably the reason for the experts’ question?
A. Students can always employ AI tools in other ways.
B. Teachers and researchers are impressed by ChatGPT.
C. The bans have been announced only in the US and France.
D. AI tools have already been widely applied in professional fields.
35. What plays a critical role in learning according to Cordier?
A. Parents’ help. B. The library encyclopedia.
C. The system of methods. D. The content from Wikipedia.
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述學生正在用 ChatGPT 做作業(yè)，學校應該禁止使用這一類人工智能工具，還是應該接受它們。
【32題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據第一段“Is the end of homework near? As new powerful artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT take the Internet by storm, teachers concerned with AI-driven cheating are questioning their teaching and assessment methods. (作業(yè)快結束了嗎? 隨著 ChatGPT 等強大的新型人工智能工具在互聯網上風靡，擔心人工智能作弊的教師們開始質疑自己的教學和評估方法)”可知，作者提出這一問題旨在引起讀者的閱讀興趣，讓大家關注學生使用ChatGPT做作業(yè)的問題。故選B項。
【33題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據第二段中“A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years. (上線幾天后，超過100萬人試用了ChatGPT。瑞銀(UBS)分析師勞埃德·沃姆斯利(Lloyd Walmsley)在2023年2月估計，ChatGPT在1月份的月用戶數達到1億，用了2個月就完成了TikTok花了9個月、Instagram花了兩年半的時間的成果)”可知，本段列舉數字是為了證明該產品ChatGPT的受歡迎程度。故選A項。
【34題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段“But experts question whether bans like these are really effective. On one hand, students will always be able to access tools like ChatGPT through other means than school devices. On the other hand, some question the relevance of blocking access to a digital tool whose use is likely to grow in the professional world in the coming years.(但專家質疑這樣的禁令是否真的有效。一方面，學生將永遠能夠通過學校設備以外的其他方式訪問ChatGPT等工具。另一方面，一些人質疑禁止使用數字工具的相關性，因為未來幾年，數字工具在專業(yè)領域的使用可能會增加)”可知，對于某些學校屏蔽ChatGPT的做法，一些專家表示質疑，其中一個原因就是，學生會通過校園網之外別的方法使用ChatGPT。故選A項。
【35題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題，根據第四段Cordier “What is ultimately very important in the learning process is not so much the subject on which you learn, it’s the methodology that you learn to develop around that subject (在學習過程中，最重要的不是你學習的科目，而是你圍繞該科目學習的方法)”可知，Cordier認為，在學習過程中，最終非常重要的不是學習的科目，而是圍繞該科目學習的系統(tǒng)的方法。故選C項。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
False Memories or Parallel (平行的) Realities?
Here is a common situation: You’re talking with someone about an event, only to discover that you both remember things quite differently. Usually, you’d put it down to a poor memory, but what if it wasn’t just one person who remembered things differently? What if it was millions?
In fact, this isn’t a “what if” situation. It’s known as the Mandela Effect, and it was first noticed in 2009 by paranormal researcher Fiona Broome. Broome was chatting with people about the South African activist Nelson Mandela, and she commented how sad it was that he had died in prison in the 1980s. ___36___ Actually, he'd been released in 1990, become president of South Africa, and died in 2013.
Broome was so shocked at this that she started an investigation. ___37___ People have memories of movies that never existed, and famous words that were never spoken. There is even a group who clearly recall seeing maps showing that New Zealand was northeast of Australia (it’s southeast ). So what in the world is going on?
___38___ In each reality, history is shaped by different events, and the Mandela Effect occurs when some of us shift from one reality to another. Therefore, those who remember Nelson Mandela dying in the 1980s aren’t wrong. They’re just remembering events from their original reality.
More likely, however, is that the Mandela Effect has to do with how our brains store information. ___39___ Many people remember Pikachu’s tail having a black tip on the end of it, when in fact it was always yellow. “Aha!” you cry. “Parallel realities!” Probably not. Consider instead that people often ignore unfamiliar details and transform information to make it more understandable. In the Pikachu example, his tail may not have a black tip, but his ears certainly do. Thus, both his ears and tail are misremembered as having black tips. ___40___
All things considered, if you’re stuck arguing with someone about whose version of events is correct, it may indeed be easier to agree that neither of you is wrong. You just come from different realities.
A. Before we explain let’s look at an example.
B. It turns out she wasn’t the only one who’d experienced this.
C. If several people make these memory errors, the false memory gets stronger socially.
D. The story of Nelson Mandela is not the only example of this type of false group memory.
E. Some claim the Mandela Effect happens because we live in one of many parallel realities.
F. Many in her group agreed, while others mentioned that Nelson Mandela had not died in prison.
G. As more incidents of the Mandela effect continue to occur, perhaps more research into the origins will tell us the causes.
【答案】36. F 37. D 38. E 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了曼德拉效應的發(fā)現以及相關研究和其產生的原因。
【36題詳解】
上文“Broome was chatting with people about the South African activist Nelson Mandela, and she commented how sad it was that he had died in prison in the 1980s（布魯姆和人們聊起了南非社會活動家納爾遜·曼德拉，她說曼德拉在20世紀80年代死于獄中是多么令人悲傷。）”說明在布魯姆記憶中曼德拉80年代死于獄中，下文“Actually, he'd been released in 1990, become president of South Africa, and died in 2013.（實際上，他在1990年被釋放，成為南非總統(tǒng)，并于2013年去世。）”說明事實上曼德拉并不像布魯姆記憶中的那樣死于獄中，F項“Many in her group agreed, while others mentioned that Nelson Mandela had not died in prison.（她所在小組的很多人都同意這一觀點，而其他人則提到，納爾遜·曼德拉并沒有死在監(jiān)獄里。）”說明對曼德拉死亡時間這件事情的兩種不同的觀點，承上啟下，符合語境。故選F項。
【37題詳解】
下文“People have memories of movies that never existed, and famous words that were never spoken. There is even a group who clearly recall seeing maps showing that New Zealand was northeast of Australia (it’s southeast ).（人們對從未存在過的電影有記憶，對從未說過的名言有記憶。甚至有一群人清楚地記得看到地圖顯示新西蘭在澳大利亞的東北部(它在東南)。）”介紹了一些其他的有關錯誤記憶的例子，D項“The story of Nelson Mandela is not the only example of this type of false group memory.（納爾遜·曼德拉的故事并不是這種錯誤群體記憶的唯一例子。）”引出下文，說明有關錯誤記憶的例子，符合語境，故選D項。
【38題詳解】
上一段段末“So what in the world is going on?（那么到底發(fā)生了什么？）”以提問的方式引出下文對曼德拉效應產生原因的解釋，下文“In each reality, history is shaped by different events, and the Mandela Effect occurs when some of us shift from one reality to another.（在每個現實中，歷史是由不同的事件塑造的，當我們中的一些人從一個現實轉向另一個現實時，曼德拉效應就發(fā)生了。）”說明曼德勒效應產生可能是由于不同的現實，E項“Some claim the Mandela Effect happens because we live in one of many parallel realities.（一些人聲稱，曼德拉效應的出現是因為我們生活在許多平行的現實中。）”作為段首，承上啟下，引出“多個平行現實”這一概念，說明有些人認為的曼德拉效應產生的原因，和下文中“從一個現實轉向另一個現實”相銜接，符合語境。故選E項。
【39題詳解】
上文“More likely, however, is that the Mandela Effect has to do with how our brains store information.（然而，更有可能的是，曼德拉效應與我們大腦儲存信息的方式有關。）”提出了另一種曼德拉效應產生的原因，下文“Many people remember Pikachu’s tail having a black tip on the end of it, when in fact it was always yellow…Probably not…In the Pikachu example, his tail may not have a black tip, but his ears certainly do. Thus, both his ears and tail are misremembered as having black tips.（許多人都記得皮卡丘的尾巴末端有一個黑色的尖，但實際上它總是黃色的……或許不是……在皮卡丘的例子中，它的尾巴可能沒有黑色的尖，但它的耳朵肯定有。因此，人們誤以為它的耳朵和尾巴都是黑色的。）”以皮卡丘的例子說明曼德拉效應產生的另一個原因可能是人們信息存儲的問題，A項“Before we explain let’s look at an example.（在解釋之前，讓我們看一個例子。）”承上啟下，引出下文的例子。故選A項。
【40題詳解】
上文“Many people remember Pikachu’s tail having a black tip on the end of it, when in fact it was always yellow…Thus, both his ears and tail are misremembered as having black tips.（許多人都記得皮卡丘的尾巴末端有一個黑色的尖，但實際上它總是黃色的……因此，人們誤以為它的耳朵和尾巴都是黑色的。）”說明人們對皮卡丘形象的錯誤記憶是由于人們對信息的錯誤處理，C項“If several people make these memory errors, the false memory gets stronger socially.（如果一些人犯了這些記憶錯誤，錯誤的記憶就會在社會上變得更強。）”說明為什么很多人會有一個群體的錯誤記憶，承接上文，符合語境。故選C項。
第三部分 語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)
第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
The insistent knock on the door brought me quickly from my kitchen. With my children down for a nap, I ____41____ to answer before they were all awakened. We had just moved here and I couldn’t ____42____ who it would be. I opened the door and a crack revealed an old man dressed in dirty clothing.
“Can I help you?” I asked, hoping he had the wrong ____43____.
“Would you like to buy some fresh garden vegetables?” His voice was trembling but his eyes were ____44____. I wondered if he badly needed the bit of money he was asking for his ____45____. “I’m Mr. Locket living around the corner. My wife ____46____ and my children live far away,” he ____47____. Later we knew that the need for companionship had sent him door to door ____48____ selling fruits and vegetables and ours was the only door opened to him.
As days went on, Mr. Locket became a ____49____ visitor. Every day he read books in our big chair with my children curled up on his lap. When they took an afternoon nap, he would _____50_____ his head on the back of the chair. In his quiet and gentle way, he endeared himself to each child. _____51_____ the name “Grandpa Locket” slipped into our conversations.
Three years later, we had to move to Ontario. He arrived as usual that morning. “Mr. Locket,” I tried to _____52_____ the news in a gentle way, “You’ve become a (n) _____53_____ part of this family, but ...” Tears glistened in the corners of his eyes.
“I _____54_____ to keep in touch with you and ...” My throat tightened. He nodded _____55_____ softly said, “Thank you for all your kindness to an old man. When I needed a family, you _____56_____ me.” With tears, we all hugged him _____57_____.
About a year later, a small _____58_____ from Mr. Locket’s daughter was delivered to our home. She informed us that our dear old friend had died. “I’m so grateful for your loving care for my father,” she wrote, “I can see how much you _____59_____ to him, too.” Actually, we’re also grateful for the _____60_____ love that swept into our lives the moment we opened that door.
41. A. hesitated B. hurried C. hated D. happened
42. A. imagine B. recognize C. believe D. acknowledge
43. A. number B. road C. direction D. address
44. A. shining B. understanding C. hopeful D. desperate
45. A. produce B. food C. clothes D. fruits
46. A. went away B. broke away C. passed away D. ran away
47. A. complained B. added C. screamed D. roared
48. A. in place of B. by means of C. in need of D. by order of
49. A. yearly B. monthly C. weekly D. daily
50. A. rest B. put C. plant D. lower
51. A. Gradually B. Suddenly C. Generally D. Quickly
52. A. announce B. make C. break D. report
53. A. natural B. inner C. necessary D. treasured
54. A. wish B. try C. promise D. struggle
55. A. but B. and C. yet D. so
56. A. included B. refused C. tolerated D. received
57. A. willingly B. tightly C. eagerly D. faithfully
58. A. book B. bill C. picture D. envelope
59. A. owed B. sent C. meant D. showed
60. A. unexpected B. deep C. permanent D. selfless
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. B 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. C 55. B 56. A 57. B 58. D 59. C 60. A
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者給予一位孤單的老人關愛，在相處的過程中，把老人當作家庭的一部分的故事，在老人去世后，作者收到老人女兒的信，表達了對作者一家人的感激之情。
【41題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的孩子們正在小睡，在他們被吵醒之前，我急忙去開門。A. hesitated猶豫；B. hurried急忙；C. hated憎恨；D. happened發(fā)生。根據句中“With my children down for a nap”可知，作者的孩子在睡覺，由此可知，作者怕孩子們被敲門聲吵醒，所以應該是急忙去開門。故選B項。
【42題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們剛搬到這里，我無法想象會是誰。A. imagine想象；B. recognize認出；C. believe相信；D. acknowledge承認。根據句中“We had just moved here”可知，作者一家人剛搬到這里，還不認識什么人，由此可知，作者想象不出敲門的人是誰。故選A項。
【43題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“有什么需要幫忙的嗎？”我問，希望他弄錯地址了。A. number號碼；B. road路；C. direction方向；D. address地址。根據上文“I opened the door and a crack revealed an old man dressed in dirty clothing.”可知，敲門的是一個穿著臟衣服的老人，作者并不認識，由此可知，作者是希望對方敲她的門是因為弄錯了地址。故選D項。
【44題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“你想買些新鮮的蔬菜嗎？”他的聲音顫抖著，但眼睛充滿了希望。A. shining光亮的；B. understanding善解人意的；C. hopeful抱有希望的；D. desperate絕望的。根據后文“Later we knew that the need for companionship had sent him door to door _____ selling fruits and vegetables”可知，老人是需要陪伴才挨家挨戶地賣水果和蔬菜，由此可知，老人的眼睛里是充滿希望的，希望作者能買他的蔬菜，不要把他拒之門外。故選C項。
【45題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想知道他賣他的產品是否是因為急需一點錢。A. produce產品；B. food食物；C. clothes衣服；D. fruits水果。根據上文“Would you like to buy some fresh garden vegetables?”可知，老人賣的是蔬菜，蔬菜屬于農產品的一種。故選A項。
【46題詳解】
考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：“我是住在街角的洛克特先生。我妻子去世了，我的孩子住得很遠，”他補充說。A. went away離開；B. broke away逃脫；C. passed away去世；D. ran away逃跑。根據后文“Later we knew that the need for companionship had sent him door to door _____ selling fruits and vegetables”可知，老人賣東西是因為需要陪伴，他很孤獨，由此可知，他的妻子去世了并且孩子住的很遠，所以才會感到孤獨。故選C項。
【47題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我是住在街角的洛克特先生。我妻子去世了，我的孩子住得很遠，”他補充說。A. complained抱怨；B. added補充說；C. screamed尖叫；D. roared咆哮。根據上文“I’m Mr. Locket living around the corner.”可知，老人是在介紹自己，并且上文老人已經和作者說過話了，由此可知，他是補充說。故選B項。
【48題詳解】
考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：后來我們知道，由于需要陪伴，他只能用挨家挨戶賣水果和蔬菜的方式，我們是唯一給他開門的人。A. in place of代替；B. by means of用，憑借；C. in need of需要；D. by order of奉……之命。根據上文內容和句中“selling fruits and vegetables”可知，賣水果和蔬菜是老人為自己創(chuàng)造的和別人溝通的機會，由此可知，這是他獲取陪伴的方法。故選B項。
【49題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：日子一天天過去，洛克特先生成了每天的訪客。A. yearly每年的；B. monthly每月的；C. weekly每周的；D. daily每日的。根據下文“Every day he read books in our big chair with my children curled up on his lap.”可知，每天他都坐在我們的大椅子上看書，由此可知，他每天都會來我們家拜訪。故選D項。
【50題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當他們午睡時，他會把頭靠在椅背上休息。A. rest休息；B. put放；C. plant種植；D. lower降低。根據句中“his head on the back of the chair”可知，當孩子們午睡時，他把頭靠在椅背上，應該也是在休息。故選A項。
【51題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，“洛克特爺爺”這個名字進入了我們的談話。A. Gradually逐漸地；B. Suddenly突然；C. Generally一般地；D. Quickly迅速地。根據上文“Every day he read books in our big chair with my children curled up on his lap.”可知，老人每天都來我們家，和孩子們相處的很好，由此可知，他是用他溫和的行為逐漸融入到了我們的生活中。故選A項。
【52題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那天早上他像往常一樣到了。“洛克特先生，”我試著用一種溫和的方式告訴他這個消息，“你已經成為這個家庭中值得珍視的一部分，但是……”他的眼角閃爍著淚水。A. announce宣布；B. make制造；C. break打破；D. report報道。根據上文“we had to move to Ontario”可知，我們要搬走了，由此可知，我們是要把這個消息告訴老人，而對于老人來說，這不是一個好消息，“break the news”指委婉地把壞消息告訴（某人），符合語境。故選C項。
【53題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那天早上他像往常一樣到了?！奥蹇颂叵壬?，”我試著用一種溫和的方式告訴他這個消息，“你已經成為這個家庭中值得珍視的一部分，但是……”他的眼角閃爍著淚水。A. natural自然的；B. inner內部的；C. necessary必要的；D. treasured珍貴的。根據上文“the name “Grandpa Locket” slipped into our conversations”可知，老人已經成為我們家庭的一部分，我們都很喜歡他，由此可知，他是這個家庭中值得珍視的一部分。故選D項。
【54題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我保證和你保持聯系……”我的喉嚨發(fā)緊。A. wish希望；B. try試圖；C. promise承諾，保證；D. struggle努力，斗爭。根據上文內容可知，老人已經成為我們家庭珍貴的一部分，由此可知，作者會想念他，承諾一定會和他保持聯系。故選C項。
【55題詳解】
考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：他點點頭，輕輕地說：“謝謝你對一位老人的一切好意。當我需要一個家庭時，你接納了我。”我們都含著淚水緊緊地擁抱著他。A. but但是；B. and和；C. yet但是；D. so所以。根據語境可知，“nodded”和“softly said”為并列關系，即點點頭并輕輕地說，應用連詞and。故選B項。
【56題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他點點頭，輕輕地說：“謝謝你對一位老人的一切好意。當我需要一個家庭時，你接納我?！蔽覀兌己鴾I水緊緊地擁抱著他。A. included包括，使成為……的一部分；B. refused拒絕；C. tolerated容忍；D. received收到。根據上文可知，作者一家人把老人當作家庭珍貴的一部分，由此可知，當老人需要一個家庭時，作者接納了他，使他成為家庭的一部分。故選A項。
【57題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他點點頭，輕輕地說：“謝謝你對一位老人的一切好意。當我需要一個家庭時，你接納我?！蔽覀兌己鴾I水緊緊地擁抱著他。A. willingly愿意地；B. tightly緊緊地；C. eagerly渴望地；D. faithfully忠誠地。根據上文可知，作者一家人要搬走了，但舍不得老人，由此可知，他們是緊緊地擁抱在一起，舍不得分開。故選B項。
【58題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大約一年后，洛克特先生女兒的一個小信封被送到了我們家。A. book書；B. bill賬單；C. picture圖畫；D. envelope信封。根據下文關鍵詞“she wrote”可知，她是給我們寫了一封信，由此可知，我們收到了洛克特先生女兒的一個小信封。故選D項。
【59題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我非常感謝你對我父親的關愛，”她寫道，“我也知道你們對他有多重要?！盇. owed欠；B. sent發(fā)送；C. meant意味著；D. showed展示。根據句中“I’m so grateful for your loving care for my father”可知，老人的女兒知道父親與作者一家人的關系很好，由此可知，她知道作者一家人對父親意味著什么，這一家人對父親也很重要。故選C項。
【60題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，我們也很感激從我們打開門的那一刻起，涌入了我們生活的出乎意料的愛。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. deep深的；C. permanent永恒的；D. selfless無私的。根據文章內容可知，作者與老人的相遇是偶然的，由此可知，老人給予作者一家人的愛是出乎意料的。故選A項。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Anyone who has an interest in Dunhuang will have heard of Fan Jinshi. The Chinese archaeologist ____61____ has spent more than half a century researching and preserving the caves at the heart of the ancient Silk Road in Gansu Province ____62____(know) as the “Daughter of Dunhuang” in her field, though “protector” is probably a more fitting ____63____(describe).
Fan has been studying the historical site since the early 1960s, first as an archaeology undergraduate from Peking University, then as a conservationist when she became the deputy director of the Dunhuang Research Academy in 1984, which serves to prevent the ancient site ____64____ being destroyed.
“It is over a thousand years old. It is an old person, an ____65____(extreme) weak old person. It has ____66____(variety) illnesses. If you are a little careless, it could be gone. Gone forever,” Fan says.
Today thanks to the work of great ____67____(archaeologist) such as Fan, Dunhuang is proud of the world’s largest and best-preserved collection of Buddhist relics ____68____(date) from the 13th to the 15th centuries. The main Mogao site is made up of 735 caves spread across ____69____1,700-metre-wide cliff face, containing 45,000 square metres of murals(壁畫) ____70____ more than 2,000 colourful sculptures.
【答案】61. who##that
62. is known
63. description
64. from 65. extremely
66. various
67. archaeologists
68. dating 69. a
70. and
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章講述了“敦煌的女兒”樊錦詩為保護敦煌文物作出的巨大貢獻。
【61題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：這位中國考古學家花了半個多世紀的時間研究和保護位于甘肅省古絲綢之路中心的石窟，在她的領域被稱為“敦煌之女”，盡管“保護者”可能是更合適的描述。設空處引導定語從句，指代先行詞archaeologist，在從句中作主語，所以用關系代詞who或that引導。故填who/that。
【62題詳解】
考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這位中國考古學家花了半個多世紀的時間研究和保護位于甘肅省古絲綢之路中心的石窟，在她的領域被稱為“敦煌之女”，盡管“保護者”可能是更合適的描述。根據語境可知，此處描述的是客觀事實，應使用一般現在時。句子的主語The Chinese archaeologist是單數，和know之間是被動關系，所以用被動語態(tài)。故填is known。
【63題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：這位中國考古學家花了半個多世紀的時間研究和保護位于甘肅省古絲綢之路中心的石窟，在她的領域被稱為“敦煌之女”，盡管“保護者”可能是更合適的描述。設空處被不定冠詞a 修飾，應使用名詞的單數形式，作表語。故填description。
【64題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：樊錦詩自20世紀60年代初以來一直在研究這一歷史遺址，最初是作為北京大學考古專業(yè)的本科生，后來在1984年當她成為敦煌研究院副院長，她作為一名保護主義者，該研究院旨在防止這一古老遺址被破壞。prevent sth. from doing sth. 為固定搭配，意為“防止某事物發(fā)生某種情況”，設空處應填介詞from。故填from。
【65題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：這是一個老人，一個極其虛弱的老人。設空處作狀語，修飾形容詞weak，應使用副詞。故填extremely。
【66題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：它有各種各樣的疾病。設空處作定語，修飾名詞illnesses，應使用形容詞，故填various。
【67題詳解】
考查名詞復數。句意：今天，多虧了樊錦詩等著名考古學家的努力，敦煌擁有世界上最大、保存最完好的13世紀至15世紀的佛教文物。archaeologist意為“考古學家”，是可數名詞，且此處表泛指，應使用復數形式。故填archaeologists。
【68題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：今天，多虧了樊錦詩等著名考古學家的努力，敦煌擁有世界上最大、保存最完好的13世紀至15世紀的佛教文物。此處為非謂語動詞作定語，修飾collection of Buddhist relics，且collection of Buddhist relics與date為主動關系，所以用現在分詞。故填dating。
【69題詳解】
考查不定冠詞。句意：莫高窟主址由735個洞窟組成，分布在1700米寬的懸崖面上，包含4.5萬平方米的壁畫和2000多件彩色雕塑。此處1,700-metre-wide cliff face前應用不定冠詞，表泛指，空后的1700為輔音音素開頭，應用a。故用a。
【70題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：莫高窟主址由735個洞窟組成，分布在1700米寬的懸崖上，包含4.5萬平方米的壁畫和2000多件彩色雕塑。45,000 square metres of murals(壁畫)與more than 2,000 colourful sculptures為并列關系，作動詞containing的賓語，指出敦煌古跡數量之大，設空處應用連詞and。故填and。
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)
第一節(jié) 短文改錯(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)
71. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。
Time and tide wait for man. As the National College Entrance Examination is around the corner, I’d like to share my plan for the future with you.
At the first place, I will make the most of my time to make preparations for the NCEE, which was no doubt one of the most vital test in my lifetime. After the exam, I will take an advantage of this summer vacation to take part in the summer camp intending for people who are genuine interested in computer technology.
The reason behind my plan is because I am going to study computer science in the university. I am convincing that this century is the age of information. I am determined to make a contribution to the society with our knowledge.
【答案】1.man前添加no 2.At→In 3. was→ is 4. test→ tests 5. 將advantage前的an刪掉
6.intending→ intended 7. genuine→ genuinely 8. because→ that 9. convincing→ convinced
10. our→ my
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章作者介紹了自己在高考來臨之際，對自己未來的規(guī)劃。
【詳解】1.考查習語。句意：歲月不待人。習語Time and tide waits for no man，意為“時間不等人”。作者在講述時間寶貴，要做好規(guī)劃，所以應該是要表示“時間不等人”。故在man前添加no。
2.考查介詞。句意：首先，我將充分利用我的時間來準備高考，這無疑是我一生中最重要的考試之一。固定短語in the first place意為“起初，一開始”，作時間狀語。at the first place可指“在最初的地方，在第一個地方”，不符合語境。故將At改為In。
3.考查時態(tài)。句意：首先，我將充分利用我的時間來準備高考，這無疑是我一生中最重要的考試之一。根據語境可知，作者的高考還為到來，使用過去時態(tài)不對，要表示“高考是人生中重要的考試之一”，應使用一般現在時，主語為單數名詞。故將was改為is。
4.考查名詞復數。句意：首先，我將充分利用我的時間來準備高考，這無疑是我一生中最重要的考試之一。one of 之后加名詞復數，表示“……之一”。故將test改為tests。
5.考查冠詞。句意：高考后，我將利用這個暑假參加夏令營，其旨在為那些真正對計算機技術感興趣的人。固定短語take advantage of意為“充分利用”，不需要冠詞。故將advantage前的an刪掉。
6.考查非謂語動詞。句意：考試后，我將利用這個暑假參加夏令營，其旨在為那些真正對計算機技術感興趣的人。短語be intended for可表示“是為...而設計/編制的”作謂語動詞；而該句中，動詞intend作后置定語修飾名詞camp，與camp為被動關系，應使用過去分詞形式。故將intending改為intended。
7.考查副詞。句意：考試后，我將利用這個暑假參加夏令營，其旨在為那些真正對計算機技術感興趣的人。本句中形容詞interested為表語，應使用副詞修飾形容詞。故將genuine改為genuinely。
8.考查表語從句。句意：我的計劃背后的原因是因為我要在大學學習計算機科學。名詞reason作主語時，其表語從句應使用that作連接詞。故將because改為that。
9.考查形容詞。句意：我確信本世紀是信息時代。形容詞convincing一般修飾物，意為“令人信服的”，此處主語為I，形容詞人表示“相信，信服”應使用-ed結尾形容詞convinced。故將convincing改為convinced。
10.考查代詞。句意：我決心用我們的知識為社會做貢獻。作者全文都在講述自己的計劃，本句I，“我”要做出貢獻，應該是運用“我的”知識。故將our改為my。
第二節(jié) 書面表達(滿分25分)
72. 近期，你所在的城市向中學生發(fā)起了“最美漢字”投票活動。請閱讀下面一則新聞報道，以“The Most Beautiful Chinese Character”為題，向英文校報投稿。
內容包括：1.簡要概括這則新聞；
2.簡述你最想推薦的漢字及理由；
3.談談你對該活動的感想。
注意：1.詞數100 詞左右。2.可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
High school students recommend ren as message to the world
The Chinese character ren, a word that generally means “benevolence (仁)”, has been selected by high school students in a poll (民意調查) to highlight Chinese culture around the world. The character ren was selected by 8.33 percent of the 3,000 respondents who took part in the poll, according to one of the organisers, a student from a high school. It was followed by the characters ai, yi, meng and xiao, which mean ‘‘love”, “righteousness”, “dream’’ and “filial piety (孝)”. Those characters ranked in the “top-20 most beautiful Chinese characters”.
(China Daily, March 6, 2022. Page 4)

The Most Beautiful Chinese Character
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
The Most Beautiful Chinese Character
Recently, some high school students have conducted a poll to choose the most beautiful Chinese character. Among tens of thousands of characters, “ren, ai, yi, meng, xiao” are strongly recommended. Obviously, most students think the five characters carry typical Chinese culture in terms of traditional beliefs and core values concerning morality and ethics.
Of these characters, I put meng on the top of my list. Holding meng, which means best wishes for the future, one is not only to seek for opportunities for a better life, but also to create brand-new things for people around the world.
Personally, Chinese characters are so charming that they are treasures of human cultures. With deep love for Chinese culture, we should strive to promote them to the world.
【解析】
【導語】本篇書面表達屬于應用文。要求考生在閱讀一則新聞報道后以“The Most Beautiful Chinese Character”為題給英文校報投稿，表達自己對“最美漢字”的看法。
內容包括：1.簡要概括這則新聞；
2.簡述你最想推薦的漢字及理由；
3.談談你對該活動的感想。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
最近：recently→lately
迷人：charming→ attractive/appealing
進行，做，執(zhí)行：conduct→perform/do/carry out
很顯然：obviously→ evidently/apparently/clearly
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：Recently, some high school students have conducted a poll to choose the most beautiful Chinese character.
拓展句：Recently, some high school students have conducted a poll to choose the most beautiful Chinese character, in which over 3,000 respondents took part.
【點睛】【高分句型1】Obviously, most students think the five characters carry typical Chinese culture in terms of traditional beliefs and core values concerning morality and ethics.（運用了省略that的非賓語從句及in terms of，core values，concerning，morality等高級詞匯）
【高分句型2】Personally, Chinese characters are so charming that they are treasures of human cultures.（運用了so...that...句型）

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