
?2023屆普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試青桐鳴大聯(lián)考(高三)
英 語
全卷滿分150分,考試時間120分鐘。
注意事項:
1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、班級、考場號、座位號、考生號填寫在答題卡上。
2.回答選擇題時,選出每小題的答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時,將答案寫在答題卡上,寫在本試卷上無效。
3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
做題時,先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié) (共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?
A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.
答案是C。
1. Where are the speakers?
A. In the café. B. In the store. C. In the street.
2. How does the man feel?
A. Delighted. B. Nervous. C. Regretful.
3. What's the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Fellow students. C. Teacher and student.
4. Where does the man suggest the woman go for her holiday?
A. Italy. B. France. C. Costa Rica.
5. What's the weather like now?
A. Windy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny.
第二節(jié) (共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。
6. What is the woman concerned about?
A. Her job. B. Her figure. C. Her graduation.
7. What's the man planning to do?
A. Return to college. B. Extend office hours. C. Work out more.
聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。
8. What are the speakers doing now?
A. Studying a map.
B. Looking for their dorms.
C. Showing the guests around.
9. Where is the campus store?
A. Next to the students' center.
B. In front of the dorm building.
C. On the right side of the library.
10. What is the speakers’ last stop in the morning exploration?
A. The lab building. B. The library. C. The students' center,
聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。
11. Why will the man move?
A. The owner will sell the house.
B. He needs a two-bedroom apartment.
C. He wants to live closer to the university.
12. What's an advantage of Josh's place?
A. Quiet surroundings. B. Business atmosphere. C. Convenient transportation.
13. How much does the man pay for the monthly rent now?
A.$900. B.$550. C.$450.
聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。
14. Who is Susie most probably?
A. The man's wife. B. The man's aunt. C. The man's mother.
15. What's the best part for older women living in OWCH?
A. They share housework.
B. They have their privacy.
C. They care for each other.
16. What do the co-housing older women share?
A. The furniture. B. The kitchen. C. The washroom.
17. What do we know about Shirley?
A. She benefits from OWCH.
B. She has a medical appointment.
C. She provides funds for OWCH.
聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。
18. Why did Curbelo come to Shanghai?
A. To perform for a restaurant.
B. To join in a student music project.
C. To continue her studies in the field of music.
19. What made the opening of World Expo 2010 a memorable moment to Curbelo?
A. Singing in her native Spanish.
B. Sharing the stage with famous artists.
C. Producing music for famous brands.
20. What's the speaker mainly talking about?
A. Language learning. B. Music tours. C. An artist.
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)
第一節(jié) (共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。
A
Best Online Art Classes
New Masters Academy
Cost:$36 to $79 per month
Class Length:Varies;1 to 5+hours
Students can sign up for a free 7-day trial.
Access to more than 2,500 hours of streaming art instruction videos,
The community forum(論壇) lets students network and learn from each other.
New Masters Academy Courses range from art theory and drawing to painting, sculpture,and digital art. Classes are tailored to artists of every skill level. Beginner friendly lessons include color mixing, landscape painting, and portrait(肖像) painting classes.
Proko
Cost:Free,$85 to $139 per month
Class Length:Varies;5 minutes to 1+hours
Students can watch hundreds of free courses through the Proko website.
Excellent drawing courses include Anatomy of the Human Body, Figure Drawing Fundamentals, Portrait Drawing Fundamentals, and Art of Caricature.
Skillshare
Cost:$13.75 per month(billed as $165 annually)
Class Length:Varies;15 minutes to 7+hours
Skillshare features courses on everything from web development and graphic design to illustration, fine art, and painting. Students can explore a wide range of paint mediums,including watercolor, oil, and many others. This makes it an excellent option if you want to get into painting but aren't sure where to start.
The Ceramic(陶瓷)School
Cost:$29 per month or $290 per year
Class Length:Varies;5 minutes to 2+hours
Students can choose from on-demand classes and live online workshops.
Membership offers unlimited access to workshop replays.
The Ceramic School is community-centered around ceramics. Individual courses and workshops cover introductory topics like wheel throwing for beginners and more advanced lessons like hand-constructing large ships and carving a double-walled vase.
21. Which course offers a free trial period?
A. Proko. B. Skillshare.
C. New Masters Academy. D. The Ceramic School.
22. Who will most probably choose Skillshare?
A. A student who wants to develop paint mediums.
B. A student who is looking for free art courses.
C. A student who is interested in modern art theory.
D. A student who is trying to decide what kind of art to learn.
23. What privilege does a member of the Ceramic School have?
A. Enjoying a big discount.
B. Taking advanced courses.
C. Choosing on-demand classes.
D. Watching unlimited workshop replays.
B
In Stark County, a group of high school students are working on a solution for a dangerous intersection(交叉路口). They're in the process of developing technology to make the intersection of Mayfair and Wise roads safer.
At Green High School, while many students are home enjoying their spring break, one group of students are testing out a project they have been working on since October. In their STEM class, they were given the task of coming up with an idea that could be entered into the “Samsung Solve for Tomorrow” project.
“Samsung puts out some grant(助學(xué)金) money and they challenge students to bond with their community to solve problems for the betterment of the community,” said Green High School science teacher Christopher Kriebel.
The intersection the students chose looks like a normal intersection at first glance, but on closer inspection, there are multiple hills that cause blind spots, leaving only three or four seconds of notice if there's a car coming in at 45 mph. That's really dangerous. The students' solution involves sensors that notice oncoming traffic from distances up to 12 or 13 meters, which then light up a sign.
Though the project started in class, the three students, Erich, Giuliana Ciccarelli-Aloisi and Alec Hemphill, took it on full-time in their science club after their STEM course ended. They spent hours outside of school working to perfect their idea and even getting the city involved, working with the mayor(市長) and engineers.
Now as they continue to work on their invention, these students are in disbelief at what they've created. They hope they'll win the competition on April 5 when they are to submit their final video to Samsung explaining what they've done and what they hope to continue to do. The students will test the project at the intersection. If the students make it, they could end up in New York in the top 10.
24. What are the group of students at Green High School doing?
A. They are brainstorming ideas for future society.
B. They are working to solve a problem for Samsung.
C. They are trying to find a solution to a traffic problem.
D. They are developing technology to be applied to their STEM class.
25. Why is Christopher Kriebel's words mentioned in paragraph 3?
A. To present the main idea of the text.
B. To support the author's point of view.
C. To provide some background information.
D. To give an example of the students' commitment.
26. Which of the following can best describe the group of students?
A. Creative and devoted. B. Intelligent and brave.
C. Cooperative and cautious. D. Generous and determined.
27. What can be inferred about the students from the last paragraph?
A. They ended up among the top ten.
B. They are excited about their invention.
C. They are disappointed at the test result.
D. They won praise from the city officials.
C
Food deserts are generally classified as geographic regions where people have few or limited options to purchase nutritious and affordable foods like vegetables and fruits. Food deserts affect low-income areas far from supermarkets. Over 23 million Americans live in low-income areas located more than one mile from a food store. Over 11 million people living in these regions are themselves low-income. While people in food deserts may have easier access to convenience stores and fast food, they experience more challenges in shopping at large grocery stores that offer a more comprehensive(全面的) selection of healthy foods at lower prices.
This inequality in food access means that families, children, and communities living in food deserts may be at increased risk of obesity and other diet-related health issues, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
While the existing literature on the lack of accessible, affordable foods has not reached a consensus on the root causes of food deserts, several factors are regularly recognized. Urban areas lacking access to fresh foods are generally divided by racial and economic lines. Diets rich in more nutritious foods cost around $1.50 more per day. For individuals and families living paycheck to paycheck, this cost difference can significantly impact their food choices. For people living in the countryside, they must travel many miles to the nearest store; a lack of access to a vehicle and limited or nonexistent public transportation contribute to food accessibility challenges.
Lack of business investment also plays a big part. When large food stores consider possible locations, low-income areas can appear to be “too risky” of an investment. More economically depressed(蕭條的) areas can increase a business's insurance and security costs. Even public utility(設(shè)施) challenges, like poorly maintained roads, can prevent big companies from setting up shops in neighborhoods that most need their goods and services, according to Harvard Business Review. These market conditions have a great effect on food accessibility for high-poverty regions.
28. What do we know about a food desert?
A. Agriculture is impossible there.
B. People there are too poor to feed the family.
C. Many fast food restaurants are located there.
D. People there have limited access to healthy foods.
29. What is a key reason for food deserts?
A. Poor health care. B. A low income.
C. Business failure. D. Dangerous environment.
30. What does the underlined word “consensus” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. A balanced diet. B. A general agreement.
C. A contributing factor. D. An inspiring achievement.
31. What are the last two paragraphs mainly about?
A. The causes of food deserts.
B. Ways to make food choices.
C. The problems with transportation.
D. Principles of business investment.
D
It takes a lot of energy to keep buildings comfortably cool in hot parts of the world. As it comes through windows, sunshine is a big source of heat in buildings, explains Tengfei Luo, an engineer at the University of Notre Dame.
Sunlight contains both the visible(可見的) light that we can see and the light our eyes can't see. Both types can pass through glass. Luo and his team set out to design a clear coating that blocked the invisible light, which has a warming effect. Extra-thin layers of materials like silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide can interact with light in ways that help. But none could do it all. So his team decided to layer such materials, like a pile of pancakes. Knowing how to perfect the layer and ordering of layers can get really complicated as the number of layers increases. Unless, that is, you have a quantum(量子) computer.
The team chose four promising materials. They pile up those materials in very thin layers, and in any order. There can be up to 24 layers. Among all possible arrangements, they record which worked best at keeping heat out but letting in visible light.
It turns out that there were hundreds of billions of possible arrangements. A traditional computer would take millions of years to evaluate them, but a quantum computer can evaluate them in less than a second. It can take thousands of cycles of measuring and improving the program to get to an answer. The result was a surprisingly clear coating highly transparent(透明的) to visible light.
The coating uses common, inexpensive materials. It requires no foreign techniques. A sample test shows after a day and a half in hot climate, it kept a test room 6 degrees Celsius cooler than an untreated window, cutting the energy used to cool buildings by close to one-third.
Luo sees potential for widespread use of this glass coating in hot climates. To seriously address climate change, energy-efficient buildings are a must.
32. How does the coating Luo's team designed work?
A. By trapping visible light inside the house.
B. By controlling the amount of light entering the room.
C. By stopping invisible light from entering through the window.
D. By allowing both visible and invisible light to pass through glass.
33. What is the quantum computer used to do in the development of the coating?
A. Combine different layers. B. Choose suitable materials.
C. Improve coating functions. D. Assess layer arrangements.
34. What can be inferred about the final design of the coating?
A. It's widely used. B. It works effectively.
C. It comes in several varieties. D. Its cost remains to be reduced.
35. What's the best title for the text?
A. Think of This New Tech as Sunglasses for Our Windows
B. Apply This Coating to Your Windows to Heat Your House
C. Develop New Energy to Keep Buildings Comfortably Cool
D. Build Energy-Efficient Buildings to Address Climate Change
第二節(jié) (共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
You've probably heard this dental advice before: brush your teeth twice a day.36Here's what experts have to say.
According to Dr. Mark Burhenne , a dentist based in Sunnyvale, California, the key to teeth protection is managing your biofilm(生物膜)—an outer coating on your teeth containing bacteria. In that biofilm are bacteria that pull certain minerals from saliva(唾液).37
When we eat things, especially sugary or acid foods, they will stick to our teeth.38The thicker and furry biofilm can no longer remineralize our teeth properly. The movement of the toothbrush is what breaks up the thickened biofilm so that it reforms into its natural thin and slippery state to protect teeth.
39 According to Alicia Murria, a dentist based in Washington, your toothpaste is going to help you to feel fresher. It's also going to help to kill some of the bacteria inside your mouth. But the most important step in keeping your teeth clean is good brushing technique. By brushing each tooth and slightly sweeping the gum line with your brush at a 45-degree angle, you'll be able to remove plaques(牙斑). If your brushing technique is good, even a toothbrush with water can be enough.
Murria suggests brushing your teeth first thing in the morning, before eating breakfast. If you do happen to eat first, make sure you wait at least 30 minutes before brushing. The acid from the meal softens the enamel(牙釉質(zhì)).40
A. But whose advice should we follow?
B. The biofilm layer will get thicker and thicker.
C. But why and how are we supposed to do it?
D. Choose the right toothpaste that suits you best.
E. Funny enough, toothpaste actually does less work than you think.
F. These minerals are pulled into the teeth to prevent them from going bad.
G. So if you brush too soon you could damage that typically hard, shiny protective layer.
第三部分 語言知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)
第一節(jié) (共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
Meltrice Sharp and LaRese Purnell are African-Americans and they are business partners. Together, they 41 CLE Consulting with the purpose of helping black people 42 their money and increase their 43.
“The 44 was to change the financial situation of our community. My 45 in my previous company taught me that minority businesses didn't get a seat at the table or they 46 fair and equal access. And I was aware that one of the 47 reasons for this was that they didn't have the right financial framework,” said Sharp.
The pair 48 each other by accident before coming together in 2017 to build their firm at the 49 of several friends. The two cooperate perfectly with each other and now have an 50 bond. They both have a goal to be the 51 African- American accounting firm in the country. As this company grows and 52 , both say they want more people to 53 their consulting service. In addition to schooling their clients(客戶), they devote 54 hours outside of work to educating people about 55 . Only 1% of CPAs(注冊會計師) are African-American, so it's 56 to train more African- Americans and help them to 57 more about finance. CLE Consulting has grown from having one location to having seven locations.
“ It's something about 58 a true legacy(遺產(chǎn)) to my community. I' ve impacted my community in a 59 way and it is better off than it would have been had I not been a part of the 60 to improve it,” said Sharp.
41. A. joined B. visited C. discovered D. created
42. A. manage B. donate C. withdraw D. spend
43. A. courage B. spirit C. wealth D. strength
44. A. difficulty B. aim C. advantage D. expense
45. A. achievements B. experiences C. habits D. records
46. A. got B. emphasized C. lacked D. desired
47. A. primary B. hidden C. extreme D. forgotten
48. A. helped B. missed C. comforted D. knew
49. A. invitation B. suggestion C. thought D. sight
50. A. unbreakable B. unavailable C. unpredictable D. unavoidable
51,A. earliest B. largest C. most famous D. most efficient
52. A. operates B. improves C. expands D. forecasts
53. A. benefit from B. comment on C. approve of D. contribute to
54. A. meaningless B. fearless C. restless D. countless
55. A. growth B. life C. equality D. money
56. A. impossible B. important C. unbelievable D. convenient
57. A. share B. display C. learn D. talk
58. A. leaving B. confirming C. showing D. promoting
59. A. complex B. stressful C. confusing D. positive
60. A. privileges B. commitments C. efforts D. challenges
第二節(jié) (共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Meet Yourself, a popular TV series shot in Dali, Southwest China's Yunnan Province, has attracted audiences with its themes of traditional culture 61 (preserve) and rural(鄉(xiāng)村的)lifestyle. According to some critics at a recent seminar 62 ( hold) in Beijing, the show 63 ( accumulate)a total of 3.3 billion clicks on the streaming platform Mango TV so far and topped the ratings of all programs on its broadcaster, Hunan Satellite TV, earlier this year.
The show is one of the successful 64 (example) of combining the film and television industry with cultural tourism. According to Dali authorities, Yunnan received many visitors during the Spring Festival holiday, 65 ( top) all other provinces and regions in the country. Niu Yan, head of Dali's publicity department, said that the drama had a positive impact on Dalí, promoting the locals ’ distinctive lifestyle and making the 66 ( cultural) rich, beautiful and charming place more well-known 67 the world.
Actor Li Xian, who also attended 68 seminar, said the drama shows the healing power of nature for those who want to escape metropolitan(大城市的) stress and get recharged in a beautiful rural landscape. Xu Hailong, an associate professor of cultural industry at Capital Normal University, said that the drama could also be seen as an exploration of modern ecological(生態(tài)的)civilization, showing 69 humans can balance environmental protection with 70 (society)development.
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分35分)
第一節(jié) 短文改錯(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(^),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。
Last Saturday, my community organised charity donation drive. The program named Make a Difference with Your Pre-loved, called on citizens to give away their pre-loved item to students in need. A desk was set up and slogans are put up in the community early in the morning to collect the things which would be sent them to the charity center. Within hours, donating things began to accumulate but some of us volunteered to get them sorted and packed. It was not until 5:00 pm when the activity came to an end with great succeed. At the turn of the school year, this timely help will certain make the day of those in need and make it easier with them to get through this term.
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)
假定你是李華,上周末你和家人到張叔叔家的菜園幫忙種菜,請你就此事寫一篇短文,向你校英文報的“The Glory of Labor”欄目投稿,內(nèi)容包括:
1.勞動經(jīng)歷;
2.你的感受。
注意:1.詞數(shù)為100左右;
2.短文題目已為你寫好。
A Planting Day
2023屆普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試
青桐鳴大聯(lián)考(高三)參考答案
英 語
第一部分 聽力
1-5 BCBCA 6-10 BCABC
11-15 ACBAC 16-20 BAABC
第二部分 閱讀理解
第一節(jié)
A
【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四門最好的線上藝術(shù)課程。
21. C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“New Masters Academy”部分中的“Students can sign up for a free 7-day trial.”可知, New Masters Academy這一課程會為學(xué)生提供七天免費試聽的服務(wù)。故選C。
22. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Skillshare”部分中結(jié)尾處的介紹“This makes it an excellent option if you want to get into painting but aren't sure where to start.”可知,如果你想學(xué)習(xí)繪畫,但是又不確定該從哪兒開始, Skillshare課程是一個非常不錯的選擇。因此,正在猶豫學(xué)哪種繪畫的學(xué)生最有可能選擇Skillshare課程。故選D。
23. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The Ceramic(陶瓷)School”部分中的“Membership offers unlimited access to workshop replays.”可知,這一課程的會員有資格無限期觀看其研討會的重播視頻。故選D。
B
【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了三名高中生參加了 “三星探知未來”的項目,試圖為一個危險的交叉路口提供安全解決方案。
24. C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“In Stark County,a group of high school students are working on a solution for a dangerous intersection (交叉路口).”可知,一群高中生正在為一個危險交叉路口尋找解決方案,試圖解決一個交通難題。故選C。
25. C 推理判斷題。第二段中提到有一群學(xué)生參加了“Samsung Solve for Tomorrow”這個項目。該段通過引用Christopher Kriebel的話來介紹此項目的背景,即:三星公司拿出一些助學(xué)金,鼓勵學(xué)生參加社區(qū)活動,為改善社區(qū)提供幫助。故選C。
26. A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段可知,學(xué)生們?yōu)榻煌y題想出了解決方案,方案中涉及了傳感器,可以探測到12至13米遠(yuǎn)即將到來的車輛,這可以說明這群學(xué)生富有創(chuàng)造力。又根據(jù)第五段可知,三名學(xué)生利用自己的休息時間不斷完善解決方案,說明他們是全身心投入到項目當(dāng)中,具有奉獻(xiàn)精神。故選A。
27. B 推理判斷題。從文章最后一段中的“Now as they continue to work on their invention, these students are in disbelief at what they've created.They hope they'll win the competition on April 5…”可以看出,學(xué)生們對自己的發(fā)明感到難以置信,沒想到自己能做得這么好。由此可推斷出,他們對自己的發(fā)明感到很興奮。故選B。
C
【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章中闡釋了“食物荒漠”這一概念,并介紹了食物荒漠所造成的影響以及形成的原因。
28. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章開頭第一句“Food deserts are generally classified as geographic regions where people have few or limited options to purchase nutritious and affordable foods like vegetables and fruits.”可知,食物荒漠通常是指那些人們很少有機會或者只有有限的機會可以買到蔬菜水果這樣營養(yǎng)又實惠的食物的地區(qū)。因此,處在食物荒漠地區(qū)的人們獲取健康食物的途徑有限。故選D。
29. B 推理判斷題??偨Y(jié)文章第一段內(nèi)容,并結(jié)合下文中的分析可知,低收入地區(qū)因各種原因成為食物沙漠,所以形成食物沙漠的一個關(guān)鍵原因是這些地區(qū)人們的收入低。故選B。
30. B 詞義猜測題。畫線詞所在的從句與主句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,且根據(jù)主句“several factors are regularly recognized”可知,有幾個因素是人們公認(rèn)的。由此可推知,畫線詞所在的從句表示“盡管現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)對造成這個問題的根本原因尚未達(dá)成共識”,a general agreement與畫線詞意思最相近。故選B。
31. A 主旨大意題。通讀最后兩段可知,第三段指出貧窮和交通設(shè)施不足是造成食物荒漠的原因,第四段指出缺乏商業(yè)投資也是造成食物荒漠的一個重要原因,因此最后兩段說明了造成食物荒漠的原因。故選A。
D
【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了圣母大學(xué)羅騰飛團隊研發(fā)了一種透明的窗戶涂層,這種涂層可以阻擋一部分不可見的太陽光進(jìn)入房間,從而使房間相對更加涼爽,這種涂層有望在氣候炎熱地區(qū)廣泛應(yīng)用。
32. C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Luo and his team set out to design a clear coating that blocked the invisible light, which has a warming effect.”可知,羅騰飛及其團隊著手設(shè)計一款透明涂層,可以阻擋有升溫效果的不可見光。因此,這一涂層是通過阻擋不可見光穿過窗戶來達(dá)到效果。故選C。
33. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“It turns out that there were hundreds of billions of possible arrangements. A traditional computer would take millions of years to evaluate them, but a quantum computer can evaluate them in less than a second.”可知,在開發(fā)涂層的過程中,量子計算機可以在頃刻間評估所有可能的層的排列組合。故選D。
34. B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“…it kept a test room 6 degrees Celsius cooler than an untreated window, cutting the energy used to cool buildings by close to one-third”可知,使用這種涂層的房間比不使用這種涂層的房間溫度低6度。由此可推斷,這種涂層效果很好。故選B。
35. A 主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,本文主要介紹了羅騰飛團隊研發(fā)的一種透明的窗戶涂層,可以阻擋太陽中的不可見光,從而達(dá)到給建筑物降溫的效果。這種涂層的作用與太陽鏡類似,因此A 項“Think of This New Tech as Sunglasses for Our Windows”作為標(biāo)題既生動形象,又合乎主旨。故選A。
第二節(jié)
【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了專家提出的保護牙齒健康方面的建議以及這樣做的原因。
36. C 設(shè)空處前一句提出,之前聽到的牙醫(yī)建議是每天刷兩次牙。設(shè)空處后一句表明接下來看一看專家是怎么說的。C項(我們?yōu)槭裁匆⒀?,該如何刷?)以提問的形式引出了文章主題,承上啟下;且選項中的it指上文提到的“brush your teeth twice a day”這一建議。故選C。
37. F 本段主要介紹牙齒護理的關(guān)鍵是管理好生物膜。設(shè)空處上一句提到,生物膜中有細(xì)菌從唾液中提取某些礦物質(zhì),F(xiàn)項(這些礦物質(zhì)進(jìn)入到牙齒里,防止其變壞。)承接上文,說明生物膜中提取的礦物質(zhì)的作用。故選F。
38. B 設(shè)空處上一句指出,當(dāng)我們吃東西的時候,特別是吃甜食和酸性食物的時候,東西會粘到牙齒上;設(shè)空處下一句提到,變厚和不光滑的生物膜不能很好地使你的牙齒礦化。B項(生物膜會變得越來越厚。)承上啟下,符合語境。故選B。
39. E 本段主要說明使牙齒保持清潔最重要的步驟是刷牙,且本段最后一句話說到,如果刷牙方法正確的話,只用牙刷和水刷牙就足夠了。E項(有趣的是,牙膏實際上沒有你想象的那么有效。)與下文銜接順暢,且E項中的toothpaste 與下文的復(fù)現(xiàn)詞toothpaste呼應(yīng)。故選E。
40. G 上文指出如果你早上起來先吃飯,那么飯后要等30分鐘再刷牙,因為食物中的酸性物質(zhì)會軟化牙釉質(zhì)。G項(如果你很快就刷牙的話,就會損壞堅硬、有光澤的保護層。)承接上文,說明了飯后立即刷牙的壞處。故選G。
第三部分 語言知識運用
第一節(jié)
【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述了兩位非洲裔美國人創(chuàng)建會計咨詢公司,致力于教非洲裔美國人金融理財知識,為重塑社區(qū)經(jīng)濟做出努力的故事。
41. D 考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)第三段中的“…coming together in 2017 to build their firm ...”可知,CLE Consulting是兩人共同創(chuàng)建(created)的公司。joined(加入), visited(參觀), discovered (發(fā)現(xiàn))均不符合語境。故選D。
42. A 考查動詞辨析。通讀全文可知,兩人創(chuàng)建公司的目的是在非洲裔美國人中普及財經(jīng)知識,幫他們 “管理” (manage)錢。donate(捐),withdraw(取出), spend(花錢)均不符合語境。故選A。
43. C 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)設(shè)空處上文“helping black people 42 their money”可知,他們幫助黑人理財,增加他們的財富(wealth)。courage(勇氣), spirit(精神), strength(力量)均不符合語境。故選C。
44. B 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“was to change the financial situation of our community”可知,改變非裔團體的金融理財局面是兩人創(chuàng)建咨詢公司的目的(aim)。difficulty(困難), advantage (優(yōu)勢), expense(費用)均不符合語境。故選B。
45. B 考查名詞辨析。Sharp看到了少數(shù)族裔在做生意中存在的問題,應(yīng)該是她在之前公司的從業(yè)經(jīng)歷(experiences)中認(rèn)識到的。achievements (成就), habits(習(xí)慣), records(記錄)均不符合語境。故選B。
46. C 考查動詞辨析。這部分內(nèi)容是對前面“minority businesses didn't get a seat at the table”的解釋。兩人創(chuàng)建公司為黑人提供學(xué)習(xí)財經(jīng)知識的機會,說明她們認(rèn)識到了黑人缺乏(lacked)公平和平等的機會。got(得到), emphasized(強調(diào)),desired(渴望)均不符合語境。故選C。
47. A 考查形容詞辨析。兩人要解決黑人不懂理財這個問題,就要找到這個問題的首要(primary)原因。hidden(隱藏的), extreme(極端的),forgotten(遺忘的)均不符合語境。故選A。
48. D 考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“each other by accident before coming together in 2017 to build their firm”可知,此處是介紹兩人在合伙創(chuàng)建咨詢公司之前是偶然相識(knew), helped(幫助), missed(想念), comforted(安慰)均不符合語境。故選D。
49. B 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)句意可知,兩人是在幾個朋友的建議(suggestion)下合伙創(chuàng)建了咨詢公司。at the suggestion of sb.意為“在某人的建議下”。invitation(邀請), thought(主意),sight(視野)均不符合語境。故選B。
50. A 考查形容詞辨析。上文提到他們兩人合作得很完美,下文說到兩個人目標(biāo)一致,可見兩人的關(guān)系很好,是牢不可破的(unbreakable)。unavailable(不可獲得的), unpredictable(無法預(yù)測的), unavoidable(無法避免的)均不符合語境。故選A。
51. B 考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“As this company grows...”以及“CLE Consulting has grown from having one location to having seven locations.”可知,兩人的目標(biāo)是做全國最大的(largest)非裔美國人的會計公司。most famous (最著名的), earliest(最早的), most efficient (最高效的)均不符合語境。故選B。
52. C 考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)本段最后一句的“CLE Consulting has grown from having one location to having seven locations.”可知,這家咨詢公司不斷成長并擴大(expands)。operates(運轉(zhuǎn)),improves(改進(jìn)), forecasts(預(yù)測)均不符合語境。故選C。
53. A 考查動詞短語辨析。結(jié)合上下文可知,兩人共同創(chuàng)建咨詢公司,想改變非裔美國人團體不懂理財?shù)木置妫虼穗S著公司的成長和擴大,他們想讓更多的人從他們的咨詢服務(wù)中受益(benefit from)。comment on(評論), contribute to(有助于), approve of(同意)均不符合語境。故選A。
54. D 考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上文的“In addition to schooling their clients(客戶)”和下文的“hours outside of work to educating people”可知,他們除了為客戶提供教育培訓(xùn),也投入了無數(shù)的(countless)工作以外的時間來教授非裔團體金融知識。meaningless(毫無意義的),fearless(無畏的), restless(坐立不安的)均不符合語境。故選D。
55. D 考查名詞辨析。結(jié)合上下文可知,他們教授人們與金錢(money)相關(guān)的知識,也就是金融理財方面的知識。growth(成長), life(生命),equality(平等)均不符合語境。故選D。
56. B 考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知,只有1%的注冊會計師是非裔美國人,因此為他們提供這方面的教育培訓(xùn)是非常重要的(important)。impossible(不可能的), unbelievable(難以置信的), convenient(方便的)均不符合語境。故選B。
57. C 考查動詞辨析。結(jié)合上文的“schooling their clients(客戶)”,“educating people”, “train more African-Americans”可知,此處指幫助非裔美國人學(xué)習(xí)(learn)金融理財相關(guān)的知識。share(分享), display(展示), talk(談?wù)?均不符合語境。故選C。
58. A 考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“a true legacy (遺產(chǎn))”可知, Sharp把自己為非裔美國人教授理財知識所產(chǎn)生的影響比作留下(leaving)一筆真正的遺產(chǎn)。confirming(確認(rèn)), showing(展示), promoting(宣傳)均不符合語境。故選A。
59. D 考查形容詞辨析。Sharp和Purnell創(chuàng)建咨詢公司,為非裔美國人普及理財相關(guān)知識,對這一團體產(chǎn)生的影響是積極正面的(positive)。complex(復(fù)雜的), stressful(壓力大的),confusing(令人困惑的)均不符合語境。故選D。
60. C 考查名詞辨析。改善非裔美國人團體的理財狀況是Sharp做出的一份努力(efforts)。privileges(特權(quán)), commitments(承諾), challenges (挑戰(zhàn))均不符合語境。故選C。
第二節(jié)
61-70題評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn):嚴(yán)格按照答案批改,有拼寫錯誤或大小寫錯誤均不給分。
參考答案:
61. preservation 62. held 63. has accumulated 64. examples 65. topping 66. culturally 67. to 68. the 69. how 70. social
【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了電視劇《去有風(fēng)的地方》帶動云南大理旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的相關(guān)情況。
61. preservation 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, and應(yīng)連接兩個名詞短語。故填preservation。
62. held 考查非謂語動詞。hold與其邏輯主語seminar之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語。故填held。
63. has accumulated 考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)該句的時間狀語so far可知,句子謂語應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時;且主語the show為第三人稱單數(shù),謂語動詞也應(yīng)用單數(shù)。故填has accumulated。
64. examples 考查名詞的數(shù)。此句是“one of+the+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu),表示“……之一”。故填examples。
65. topping 考查非謂語動詞。此句表示“云南在春節(jié)假期期間接待了許多游客,超過了全國其他省份和地區(qū)。”topping為現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。故填topping。
66. culturally 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。culturally為副詞形式修飾形容詞rich。故填culturally。
67. to 考查介詞。be well-known to...表示“為······熟知”。故填to。
68. the考查冠詞。此處的seminar指前面提到過的a recent seminar,是特指,應(yīng)用定冠詞修飾。故填the。
69. how 考查賓語從句的連接詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, showing后是一個賓語從句, how引導(dǎo)賓語從句,并在句子中作方式狀語。故填how。
70. social 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。設(shè)空處修飾名詞,應(yīng)用society的形容詞social。故填social。
第四部分 寫作
第一節(jié) 短文改錯
參考答案:
Last Saturday, my community organised ^ charity donation drive. The program named Make a Difference with Your
a
Pre-loved, called on citizens to give away their pre-loved item to students in need. A desk was set up and slogans are
Items were
put up in the community early in the morning to collect the things which would be sent them to the charity center.
Within hours, donating things began to accumulate but some of us volunteered to get them sorted and packed. It
donated so/and
was not until 5:00 pm when the activity came to an end with great succeed. At the turn of the school year, this
that success
timely help will certain make the day of those in need and make it easier with them to get through this term.
certainly for
評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn):
把答案寫在錯詞上的不給分;
把缺詞寫在缺詞符號上的不給分;
第十處以后的修改均不給分。
【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一次社區(qū)募捐活動的目的、過程和意義。
第一處 第一句 charity前加a
考查冠詞。此句表示“上周六,我們社區(qū)組織了一次慈善募捐運動”。drive作名詞可表示“(為達(dá)到某目的而展開的)運動”,這里表示泛指,應(yīng)用不定冠詞修飾。故在charity前加a。
第二處 第二句 item→items考查名詞的數(shù)。item前面有their修飾, their指citizens’, item不只一件,應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故將item改為items。
第三處 第三句 are→were
考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知,這里講述的是上周六發(fā)生的事,應(yīng)該用一般過去時。故將are改為were。
第四處 第三句 刪掉them
考查動詞的搭配。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, sent的賓語是which, which的先行詞是things, them多余。故刪掉them。
第五處 第四句 donating→donated
考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, donate與things之間為被動關(guān)系,表示“被捐贈的”,所以應(yīng)該用過去分詞作前置定語。故將donating改為donated。
第六處 第四句 but→and/so
考查連詞。根據(jù)句意可知,上文“捐的東西越來越多”和下文“我們主動分類打包”之間不需要轉(zhuǎn)折,其關(guān)系應(yīng)為并列或因果。故將but改為and/so。
第七處 第五句 when→that
考查強調(diào)句。強調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)是it is/was... that...,這個句子是not…until…句式的強調(diào)句。故將when改為that。
第八處 第五句 succeed→success
考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。這里應(yīng)用名詞作介詞with的賓語。故將succeed改為success。
第九處 第六句 certain→certainly
考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾謂語will make要用副詞形式作狀語。故將certain改為certainly。
第十處 第六句 with→for
考查介詞。根據(jù)make it easier for sb. to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu),此處應(yīng)用介詞for,表示“對某人來說”。故將with改為for。
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)
【參考范文】
A Planting Day
Last weekend my family went to uncle Zhang's vegetable garden to help with the planting. Uncle Zhang used a small tractor to get the land into shape.My father dug holes on the land before Mother and I put seeds into them. Then, we worked together to bury the seeds with earth and water them. The process sounds easy, but actually every step takes some skills and a lot of labor. It was not very hot that day but I was soon sweating and it felt as if my back was breaking.
It was not until then that I truly understand what uncle Zhang meant by saying “You won't appreciate what's on your table unless you get your hands in the soil”. It is really a meaningful day for me.
(一) 評分原則
1.本題總分為25分,按五個檔次給分。評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)同高考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
2.評分時,先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語言初步確定其所屬檔次,然(一) 評分原則
1.本題總分為25分,按五個檔次給分。評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)同高考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
2.評分時,先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語言初步確定其所屬檔次,
后以該檔次的要求來衡量、確定或調(diào)整檔次,最后給分。
3.詞數(shù)少于80和多余120的,從總分中減去2分。
4.評分時,應(yīng)注意的主要內(nèi)容為:內(nèi)容重點、應(yīng)用詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)量和準(zhǔn)確性、上下文的連貫性。
5.拼寫與標(biāo)點符號是語言準(zhǔn)確性的一個方面,評分時,應(yīng)視其對交際的影響程度予以考慮。英、美拼寫詞匯和用法均可接受。
(二)評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
第五檔(21—25分):完全達(dá)成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù),完全達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫作目的。
后以該檔次的要求來衡量、確定或調(diào)整檔次,最后給分。
—覆蓋全部內(nèi)容重點。
一應(yīng)用了許多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯
一語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面有些許錯誤,但為因使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級詞匯所致;具備較強的語言運用能力。
一應(yīng)用簡單的語句間的連接成分,使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。
一有效使用了語句間的連接成分,使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。第四檔(16—20分):完全達(dá)成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù),達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫作目的。
一雖遺漏1、2個次重點,但覆蓋全部主要內(nèi)容。
一應(yīng)用的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿足任務(wù)的要求。
一語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面應(yīng)用基本正確,些許錯誤主要是因嘗試較復(fù)雜語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯所致
第三檔(11—15分):基本達(dá)成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù),整體而言,基本達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫作目的。
一雖遺漏一些內(nèi)容,但覆蓋全部主要內(nèi)容。
一應(yīng)用的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿足任務(wù)的要求。
—有些語法結(jié)構(gòu)或者詞匯方面的錯誤,但不影響理解
一應(yīng)用簡單的語句間的連接成分,使全文內(nèi)容連貫。
第二檔(6—10分):未恰當(dāng)完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù),信息未能清楚地傳達(dá)給讀者。
一遺漏或未描繪清楚一些主要內(nèi)容,寫了一些不相關(guān)內(nèi)容。
一語法結(jié)構(gòu)單一、詞匯項目有限。
—有一些語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯誤,影響了對寫作內(nèi)容的理解。
一較少使用語句間的連接成分,內(nèi)容缺乏連貫性
第一檔(1—5分):未達(dá)成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù),原因可能是未理解試題要求。
一顯然遺漏主要內(nèi)容,寫了一些不相關(guān)內(nèi)容,原因可能是未理解試題要求。。
一語法結(jié)構(gòu)單一、詞匯項目有限。
一許多語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯誤,影響對寫作內(nèi)容的理解。
一缺乏語句間的連接成分,內(nèi)容不連貫
不得分(0分):未能傳達(dá)給讀者任何信息;內(nèi)容太少,沒法評判;寫的內(nèi)容均與所要求內(nèi)容不相關(guān)或所寫內(nèi)容沒法看清楚,邏輯混亂。
附聽力原文
M:Excuse me, where can I find the coffee cups? Your poster says they are on sale.
W:They're on your left-hand side, on those blue shelves
M:I wish I had gone on an outing with my friends. It's such a nice day! They must be having a great time.
W:I can accompany you to the park, if you like.
Text 3
M:Guess what? I have worked out that math problem assigned by our teacher! It took me nearly two hours.
W:Mr. King will be happy about that. It's a pity that I'm still working on it.
M:I'm sure you can make it. Come on!
Text 4
W:Where should I go for the summer holiday, Italy or France?
M:You have been to Europe twice. Maybe you should consider Costa Rica. I went there last month. It was great.
Text 5
W:The wind has come. I must go and get the windows closed.
M:You go first. I need to finish planting the roses before the rain starts. We won't have sunny weather until next week. That's good for the newly planted roses.
Text 6
W:I have put on three pounds this year.
M:People all gain weight after graduation. That's because they don't work out as much as they did at college. You know, we sit in the office all day.
W:You're right. The best part of college life was when we were on the sports ground.
M:The good news is that the company's gym room will open next month. I'm planning to go there regularly.
W:Me, too.
Text 7
M:What's your roommate like? Do you like her?
W:Yes, she is a very nice person from India. She is visiting some relatives today and she left me this map of the campus.
M:Let's study the map first before we explore the campus.
W:OK. Our exploration this morning will start from this dorm building.
M:Right in front of it is the campus shop. That's very convenient.
W:Absolutely. Then shall we turn right to see the library or turn left to see the lab building?
M:The lab building. As you can see, the students' center is next to the lab building. We can go and see what clubs they have to offer.
W:In the afternoon, we can …
Text8
W:I heard that you'll have to move again.
M:Yes. The owner of the house is considering selling i t .
W:My friend Josh is looking for someone to share a two-bedroom apartment. Maybe there is a chance.
M:Is it close to our university?
W:Not very close. It's on Han Street. But the transportation is convenient. There is a subway station within walking distance.
M:Han Street is the business area of the city. It is very noisy, isn't it?
W:Josh said it is noisy during the day but quiet at night.
M:How much is the rent?
W:900 dollars a month. That's 450 dollars for each if you share.
M:That will save me 100 dollars in rent. Can you give me Josh's phone number?
Text 9
M:Nancy, have you heard of OWCH?
W:Yes. Why?
M:Last week I tried to persuade my mother to move in to live with Susie and me but she said she would prefer OWCH.
W:That's not a bad choice. OWCH is actually called Older Women's Co-Housing, where older women live together in apartment buildings. Each of the older women has a two-bedroom apartment. They have their privacy and independence but they make friends with each other. Best of all, they look out for each other. They can accompany each other to
medical appointments, doing shopping and dealing with emergencies.
M:Do they have their own kitchen?
W:No. But they have a shared kitchen, living room, washing machine, garden and parking lot.
M:I guess it isn't costly.
W:Not at all. OWCH gets part of the funding from government support. My aunt Shirley lives there. She enjoys chatting with friends and she is more active than before. You know, they have activities of all kinds.
M:I think my mother will enjoy this kind of life.
W:She surely will.
Text 10
W:Curbelo was born and raised in Santa Clara, a small Cuban city. Later, she moved to Havana to continue her studies, where she was first part of a student musical group and later played in popular Cuban bands. She came to Shanghai at the beginning of the century to join a band to sing at the opening of the first Argentine restaurant in Shanghai. This musical journey took her all across China—touring, recording and even producing music for famous brands. Among her most memorable moments, Curbelo listed the opening of the World Expo 2010 in Shanghai, where she had the opportunity to share the stage with the famous Italian singer Andrea Bocelli and other foreign artists. Curbelo now not only sings in her native Spanish, but also in other languages, including standard Chinese. She sings in several languages because she has projects of different styles; singing in Chinese is always the most difficult but also the most rewarding. The public love to hear a foreign artist sing in their language.
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