?2023屆江西省南昌市第十中學高三下學期第一次模擬英語試題
學校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________

一、閱讀理解
Today’s modern travelers are journeying further to explore Europe off the beaten track, and bringing home new skills and experience. Here are 4 ideas for an unusual holiday in Europe.
Volunteer in Transylvania
Transylvania is a top choice for an unusual European city break, with wonderfully preserved medieval (中世紀的) towns and castles that inspired the famous novel Dracula. In addition, you can take your unusual holiday experience even further by volunteering in Eastern Europe’s largest bear reserve and working with bears.
Teach skiing in Austria
Austria is one of Europe’s top skiing destinations. If you’re looking for a more unusual way to spend a winter holiday, why not consider training to be a ski instructor there? You’ll gain a qualification that is recognized worldwide, and this programme includes a guaranteed paid instructor job at a ski resort (旅游勝地) once you have finished your training.
Go diving in Spain
For a European holiday with a difference, take part in a plastic cleanup project based in Barcelona, help to empty plastic waste in the Mediterranean Sea and help protect the environment as you travel. This volunteer project combines diving with collecting plastic or other waste from the water, alongside giving you the chance to explore the city.
Explore Tuscany on horseback
Tuscany, one of the best places in Europe to explore on horseback, has witnessed a sharp increase in travelers. There are various activities that combine sightseeing with basic horse riding lessons and you can stay in Renaissance villas (文藝復興風格的別墅) and farmhouses. You don’t need to have any experience for horse riding holidays, and they are a brilliant alternative to your typical guided tour.
1．What does the author suggest doing in Transylvania?
A．Finding a job in the castle.
B．Helping to care for bears.
C．Reading the novel Dracula.
D．Visiting its modern buildings.
2．Where can you help to protect the environment while traveling?
A．In Spain. B．In Tuscany.
C．In Transylvania. D．In Austria.
3．What do we know about horse riding holidays in Tuscany?
A．They suit experienced riders.
B．They are unique to Tuscany.
C．They are growing in popularity.
D．They feature a typical guided tour.

Overlooking the Davis—Gant Varsity Soccer Field, a bed of overturned soil waits for further development. In a few years, this area will become a natural habitat and a playground for animals and residents. This peaceful area didn’t appear naturally, but through planning and action taken by Catlin Gabel’s Tiny Forest project launched by teacher Patrick Walsh.
Forests typically take hundreds of years to mature, with four stages of growth. “Tiny forests flatten out time through the planting of all four layers (層),” Walsh explained. The end result is a fast—growing, native forest in about 20 years. Over 600 plants from 43 species will be planted in the tiny forest, the first one in Oregon.
Walsh was inspired to build a tiny forest after hearing about this idea, which emerged in Japan and has taken hold in North America. He shared his vision with seniors in his class. The seniors researched tiny forests and made a proposal resulting in Clean Water Services donating 60 trees and $5,000 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Armed with these resources, Walsh and the students started working. “Something I didn’t really expect was the outpouring of students’ enthusiasm. Seeing students from all grades volunteered to contribute to the ‘dirty work’ really blew me away,” Walsh said.
Senior Megan Cover has been at the school since the first grade. “I’ll graduate after working on this project, which is surely sad, but it’s really rewarding and great to be a part of this project and to do my bit. We’re creating this educational space for many young kids,” Cover said.
Walsh summed up his goal of the project, which is to build a place where students can enjoy and learn about nature. “The forest will obviously not solve climate change, but it would deserve the efforts if the kids think about climate change and remember the importance of reforestation and trees when they look outside at the forest.”
4．What is special about tiny forests?
A．They originated in North America.
B．They are usually planted in schools.
C．They contain various types of trees.
D．They become mature in a shorter time.
5．What surprised Walsh in the process of planting the tiny forest?
A．The abundance of native tree species.
B．Public concern about the environment.
C．The active participation of students.
D．Support from local organizations.
6．How does Megan Cover feel about the project?
A．Proud. B．Hopeful. C．Excited. D．Grateful.
7．What does Walsh want the forest to function as for the students?
A．A source of enjoyment. B．A reminder.
C．A source of inspiration. D．A witness.

Lila Gleitman was driving her two-year-old daughter in the car when, going across a sharp turn, she advised her daughter to “hold on tight”. The kid responded, “Isn’t that ‘tightly’?”
It was a turning point in her career. Realizing that her two-year-old already had an understanding of language made Gleitman want to get into her child’s head. She wondered: What does she know, and when does she know it?
Gleitman turned those questions into a research career that helped define psycholinguistics (心理語言學). Her early interest coincided with Noam Chomsky, a frequent visitor to the University of Pennsylvania when she studied there. The two scholars considered that the mental systems which might produce the sentences you hear, are shaped by abstract rules that speakers may not even know that they know.
An early piece of Gleitman’s research, for example, researched small children’s “telegraphic” speech, in which many words are left out: a kid might say “throw ball” rather than “throw me the ball”. This seems to imply that the child’s knowledge is instinctive. But she found that children obey instructions better when their parents use adult-style English than when they copy their kids.
So parents do not need to use “motherese” — her husband Henry’s term — with their children. She found that their progressive mastery of language rules had little to do with how much (or little) motherese their caregivers used.
As the learning process goes on, children deploy some remarkable strategies. They often seem to correctly guess what a word means after hearing it just once. The physical environment is an obvious encouragement (as when they hear “dog” and see one at the same time). But how would a child guess the meaning of the verb in “I believed that he lost his keys”? Gleitman noticed that the sentence structure is identical to those with other verbs that mean similar things: saw, remembered, worried and doubted. More broadly, it turned out that verbs which are similar in meaning tend to turn up in similar sentence structures. This helps children learn quickly, a process she called “syntactic bootstrapping (語法自舉)”.
8．What was the turning point in Gleitman’s career?
A．Her husband’s persuasion.
B．One suggestion from her professor.
C．Her meeting with Noam Chomsky.
D．One sentence from her daughter.
9．When do kids follow their parents’ instructions better?
A．When the parents use “motherese”.
B．When the parents use adult-style English.
C．When the parents copy their kids’ languages.
D．When the parents adopt remarkable strategies.
10．What does the underlined word “deploy” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Abandon. B．Plan. C．Change. D．Use.
11．How does a kid know the meaning of a verb according to Gleitman?
A．By looking it up in a dictionary.
B．B．By being told by his or her parents.
C．By guessing it from sentence structures.
D．D．By learning it in his or her school.

It’s one of the ultimate tests of willpower: you’ve been wandering around the market for hours and you’re tired and hungry. Then you catch a smell of something fragrant (香的) and delicious, probably fried and almost certainly fattening. Junk food companies are well aware that the smell of their product sets off a desire in your brain and that you’ll pay for that later. It is a response that has been researched, and you’d better believe your favorite fast-food chains have marketing teams that are using that research to their advantage.
Let’s take a closer look at this process. Have you ever noticed that whatever indulgent food (放縱型食品) catches your attention tends to be most appealing just after you first smell it? A couple of minutes later you are standing in line, and it isn’t quite inviting as it was just moments ago, but now you’ve invested time, so you trust your first feeling to treat yourself.
But a recent statement says that this is actually the right moment to walk away. Dipayan Biswas, a marketing professor, found there is a direct connection between how long a person is exposed to indulgent food smells and choosing healthier foods. “The results of a series of experiments show that extended exposure of more than two minutes to junk food smells leads to fewer purchases of unhealthy foods compared with no smell or a non-junk-food-related smell,” reads the summary of his study.
What appears to be going on here is that the brain doesn’t necessarily distinguish between a pleasurable smell and a pleasant taste. “Extended exposure to an indulgent food smell brings pleasure in the mind, which in turn reduces the desire for actual consumption of indulgent foods,” he explains. So next time you feel you don’t have the willpower to resist cookies, smell all that sweetness for just a minute or two. To your brain it’s the same as actually eating cookies, and the purchase desire would decrease.
12．What can we learn about junk food smells from the first paragraph?
A．They can make a difference in marketing.
B．They hardly affect people’s food choices.
C．They are unlikely to fool wise customers.
D．They finally decrease people’s purchase desire.
13．What does the second paragraph basically serve as?
A．An argument. B．An example. C．A comparison. D．A comment.
14．Which statement will Biswas probably agree with?
A．The brain can’t tell where sensory pleasure is from.
B．The senses of taste and smell are closely linked.
C．The influence of food smells changes over time.
D．The behavior of smelling food doesn’t equal eating it.
15．Which of the following could the best title for the text?
A．Train Your Brain to Resist Junk Food
B．Watch Out for Tricky Marketing Tools
C．Food Addiction Is Never About Willpower
D．Smelling Junk Food Longer Can Keep You Off It


二、七選五
Some people love a great thunderstorm; others are frightened by the first flash of lightning or sound of thunder. ____16____ But there are easy steps you can take to protect your home and your life from lightning.
Protect Electronics from Severe Weather
____17____ It can follow the wires or phone lines into your room—ruining computers, TVs and other electronics. One protection against electronics being “fried” by lightning is simply to unplug them whenever a rain or a storm is coming. Disconnect Internet and satellite dish connections no matter where they are.
Reduce the Risk of Fire
Lightning rods (避雷針) can protect a building from catching fire. ____18____ They just provide a path for the electricity to reach the ground more safely. The rods at the top of the building are only the first part of a good system. When lightning strikes, the electricity needs to move to the ground. Wires conduct electricity from the lightning rods to metal rods buried in the ground. ____19____
Understand Lightning
When lightning hits the ground, a tree, a tower or even a building, it may also spreads along the ground, so being near something that’s struck by lightning is almost as dangerous as being hit directly by lightning. ____20____ The Empire State Building gets struck by lightning around 20 times every year. Its lightning rod protects the structure, as well as the people inside.
A．It can even strike the same spot more than once.
B．You might want to consider protecting an entire building.
C．When this happens, anything in its path could be in danger.
D．But the chance of lightning striking your house doesn’t change.
E．Each connection must be secure so lightning doesn’t jump to the building.
F．Lightning hitting your roof or nearby power lines is terrible but not worst.
G．Whether you love or hate them, thunderstorms produce dangerous lightning.


三、完形填空
When I was in primary school, my school had an annual sports day. Usually, girls were ____21____ in sports like jump rope and boys did the high jump, which I was ____22____ to take part in. I went to ____23____ up, but the coach said, “Girls don’t do the high jump.”
I went home and ____24____ Mom of the coach’s words. She visited the headmaster the next day. “Mr. White, Linda wants to do the high jump.” “Sorry, Mrs. Martinez, but it’s our ____25____ that girls can’t do it,” he said. “But Mr. White, I have no ____26____ of any rules saying that.” Finding no such rules, Mr. White, feeling ____27____, said “I have to consider it” at last.
When we got home, Mom told me something I would always ____28____: This wasn’t just about me. Other girls ____29____ wanted to do this, too. A week later, Mom went to Mr. White again. Finally, he _____30_____. As it turned out, I won the high jump competition. To my _____31_____, some of the cheers I got were from boys! My mother was _____32_____ — it wasn’t about me. It was about making people _____33_____ and see what girls could do. Later, I used this _____34_____ in my career as a building contractor — women weren’t _____35_____ to construct buildings. When I first _____36_____ the business, Mom said, “Go ahead. Start small, but think _____37_____.” I started with small projects and now my company can handle large ones.
Those experiences taught me though people wouldn’t always _____38_____ us, we should be brave to jump over _____39_____ and take paths few girls and women would take. And this has really made a _____40_____.
21．A．interested B．involved C．skilled D．gifted
22．A．a(chǎn)nxious B．hesitant C．ready D．a(chǎn)fraid
23．A．build B．fix C．make D．sign
24．A．reminded B．informed C．convinced D．warned
25．A．convention B．conclusion C．compromise D．criterion
26．A．opinion B．sense C．knowledge D．intention
27．A．concerned B．a(chǎn)nnoyed C．discouraged D．embarrassed
28．A．remember B．undertake C．consider D．seek
29．A．a(chǎn)ccidentally B．obviously C．probably D．rarely
30．A．insisted B．a(chǎn)greed C．declined D．quit
31．A．satisfaction B．delight C．relief D．surprise
32．A．certain B．wrong C．right D．realistic
33．A．think about B．a(chǎn)rgue about C．a(chǎn)pprove of D．talk of
34．A．rule B．remark C．truth D．lesson
35．A．demanded B．qualified C．supposed D．designed
36．A．made way for B．set foot in C．threw light on D．kept track of
37．A．big B．hard C．long D．deep
38．A．help B．mind C．a(chǎn)ccept D．need
39．A．poles B．fences C．risks D．boundaries
40．A．point B．difference C．start D．hit


四、用單詞的適當形式完成短文
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
With about half of the vast country covered in wilderness, China is the world’s third most species-rich country. Therefore, China’s ___41___(achieve) in biodiversity conservation and wilderness protection are important to the future of global biodiversity conservation.
The vital biodiversity, ___42___(combine) with a large population, has led the government to reconsider its protected area system and transform some wilderness areas such as the rainforest in Hainan ___43___formal national parks. The new national park system will make it more practical ___44___(preserve) habitats and species. The aim is to preserve biodiversity and ensure a ___45___(harmony) relation between humans and nature.
The national parks cross China’s vast ecosystems, from the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park in the south ___46___the Hainan gibbon—a critically endangered species live, the Giant Panda National Park, the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park, the Wuyi Mountain National Park to the Sanjiangyuan National Park on the Qinghai-Tibet Platau—___47___source of the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Lancang River. The diversity of species and habitats under protection ___48___(reflect) in these parks’ names.
The national parks are open to all. Visitors can make reservations online in advance ___49___book on the spot. They should acquire a little local knowledge to get ___50___ (they) ready for the amazing trip and maximize their enjoyment.


五、短文改錯
51．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（/）劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2. 只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。
To enrich students’ school life, an excited competition was held on last Saturday on the school playground. Ten boys and ten girls selected by each class lined beside the rope and grasped it, eager waiting for the start. With the whistle blowing, the participants tried their best to pull the rope, while those standing by cheered desperately for him. Eventually, every students of the class won the competition was awarded a delicate notebook.
The competition was highly thought by students. Not only did it build up their bodies, but also strengthen their teamwork. Plus, the competition received positive response from parents and teachers, what made a hit in the circle of WeChat.

六、邀請信
52．假定你是李華，你校將舉辦主題為“My dream of becoming a scientist”的演講比賽。請給你校的交換生Eric寫封郵件，邀請他一起參加，內(nèi)容包括：
1.發(fā)出邀請;
2.比賽信息;
3.表達期待。
注意：
1.詞數(shù)80左右;
2.請在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．C

【導語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了歐洲的四個不同尋常的旅游度假勝地。
1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“In addition, you can take your unusual holiday experience even further by volunteering in Eastern Europe’s largest bear reserve and working with bears. (此外，你可以在東歐最大的熊保護區(qū)做志愿者，并與熊一起工作，從而讓你的不同尋常的假期體驗更進一步。)”可知，作者建議游客在特蘭西瓦尼亞旅行時去東歐最大的熊保護區(qū)做志愿者，幫忙照顧熊。故選B項。
2．細節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第四段第一句“For a European holiday with a difference, take part in a plastic cleanup project based in Barcelona, help to empty plastic waste in the Mediterranean Sea and help protect the environment as you travel. (對于一個與眾不同的歐洲假期，參加一個位于巴塞羅那的塑料清理項目，幫助清理地中海的塑料垃圾，并在旅行時保護環(huán)境。)”可知，游客在西班牙潛水的時候也可以清除海里的塑料垃圾從而為環(huán)保出一分力。故選A項。
3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Tuscany, one of the best places in Europe to explore on horseback, has witnessed a sharp increase in travelers. (托斯卡納是歐洲騎馬探險的最佳地點之一，游客數(shù)量急劇增加。)”可知，托斯卡納是騎馬度假的勝地之一，來這個地區(qū)游玩的游客數(shù)量激增。由此可推知，托斯卡納的騎馬度假越來越受歡迎。故選C項。
4．D 5．C 6．A 7．B

【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在老師Patrick Walsh的帶領(lǐng)下，學校的學生合力種下了一片小森林，在若干年后，這個地區(qū)將成為動物和居民的自然棲息地和游樂場。
4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Forests typically take hundreds of years to mature, with four stages of growth. “Tiny forests flatten out time through the planting of all four layers (層),” Walsh explained. The end result is a fast—growing, native forest in about 20 years. (森林通常需要數(shù)百年才能成熟，有四個生長階段。Walsh解釋說：“小森林通過種植所有四層植物將時間變快?！弊罱K的結(jié)果是在大約20年的時間里，一個快速生長的原生森林。)”可知森林通常需要數(shù)百年才能成熟，但是小森林的生長時間大大縮短了，即他們在較短的時間內(nèi)變得成熟；故選D項。
5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中““Something I didn’t really expect was the outpouring of students’ enthusiasm. Seeing students from all grades volunteered to contribute to the ‘dirty work’ really blew me away,” Walsh said. (“我沒有預(yù)料到的是學生們的熱情會如此高漲。看到來自各個年級的學生自愿參與‘臟活’，我真的驚呆了。”Walsh說。)”可知Walsh 沒有預(yù)料到學生們的熱情會如此高，各個年級的學生都積極參與進來，這讓他震驚；故選C項。
6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Senior Megan Cover has been at the school since the first grade. “I’ll graduate after working on this project, which is surely sad, but it’s really rewarding and great to be a part of this project and to do my bit. We’re creating this educational space for many young kids,” Cover said. (高三學生Megan從一年級開始就在學校了?！拔覍⒃谕瓿蛇@個項目之后畢業(yè)，這當然令人難過，但是能夠參與這個項目并盡自己的一份力量，真的是一件非常有意義和偉大的事情。我們正在為許多年輕孩子創(chuàng)造這樣的教育空間。”)”可知Megan認為這是一件非常有意義和偉大的事情，由此可推斷，她為自己能夠參與到小森林項目中為孩子們創(chuàng)造一片具有教育意義的空間感到自豪；故選A項。
7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中““The forest will obviously not solve climate change, but it would deserve the efforts if the kids think about climate change and remember the importance of reforestation and trees when they look outside at the forest.” (森林顯然不能解決氣候變化問題，但是如果孩子們能夠考慮到氣候變化問題，并且在看到森林的時候記住重新造林和樹木的重要性，那么這些努力都是值得的?！?”可知，Walsh認為如果孩子們看到小森林時能想到氣候變化問題以及重新造林和樹木的重要性，那他們付出的努力就值得；由此可推斷，Walsh希望小森林能夠?qū)W生們起到提醒作用，故選B項。
8．D 9．B 10．D 11．C

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了 Lila Gleitman 因女兒的一句話改變了職業(yè)生涯，創(chuàng)立了心理語言學以及她和另外一位學者隨后在兒童語言學習方面進行的一些研究。
8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Lila Gleitman was driving her two-year-old daughter in the car when, going across a sharp turn, she advised her daughter to “hold on tight”. The kid responded, “Isn’t that ‘tightly’?” (Lila Gleitman駕駛著兩歲的女兒在車上行駛時，遇到急轉(zhuǎn)彎時，她建議女兒‘抓緊’。孩子回答說：‘這不應(yīng)該是這個緊嗎？’)”可知，作者在和女兒對話時，女兒對她關(guān)于“緊”的表達產(chǎn)生了疑問；根據(jù)第二段第一句“It was a turning point in her career. (這是她職業(yè)生涯的轉(zhuǎn)折點)”可知，前文女兒對于詞匯的疑問成了 Gleitman 事業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)折點。故選D項。
9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“But she found that children obey instructions better when their parents use adult-style English than when they copy their kids. (但她發(fā)現(xiàn)，當父母使用成人風格的英語時，孩子們比他們模仿孩子時更遵守指令)”可知，Lila Gleitman發(fā)現(xiàn)當父母使用成人式英語時，孩子們能更好地聽從他們的指示。故選B項。
10．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“They often seem to correctly guess what a word means after hearing it just once. (他們往往在聽到一次單詞后就能正確地猜出它的意思)”可知，孩子們似乎經(jīng)常會在聽到一個詞一次后立刻猜出這個詞的正確含義，這是孩子們在學習語言時運用一些策略。因此，可推測deploy應(yīng)意為“利用”，與use“利用”意思相近。故選D項。
11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“More broadly, it turned out that verbs which are similar in meaning tend to turn up in similar sentence structures. This helps children learn quickly, a process she called “syntactic bootstrapping (語法自舉)”. (更廣泛地說，事實證明，意義相似的動詞往往出現(xiàn)在相似的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中。這有助于孩子快速學習，這個過程被她稱為‘語法自舉’)”可知，孩子們會從相似的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中猜測單詞的含義。故選C項。
12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要說明長時間聞垃圾食品的氣味會降低消費者的購買欲望。
12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“It is a response that has been researched, and you’d better believe your favorite fast-food chains have marketing teams that are using that research to their advantage.”（這種反應(yīng)已經(jīng)被研究，你最好相信你最喜歡的快餐連鎖店的營銷團隊利用該研究為自身謀利。）可知，垃圾食品公司知道他們產(chǎn)品的氣味會激起人們的購買欲望，在營銷中也會利用這一特點謀利。故選A。
13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段首句“Let’s take a closer look at this process.”（讓我們仔細看看這個過程。）并結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，本段以人們的切身經(jīng)歷為例，具體說明垃圾食品的氣味對人們的購買行為產(chǎn)生的影響。故選B。
14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中最后一句“The results of a series of experiments show that extended exposure of more than two minutes to junk food smells leads to fewer purchases of unhealthy foods”（一系列的實驗結(jié)果表明，聞垃圾食品的氣味超過兩分鐘會導致對不健康食品的購買欲降低）可知，Biswas 發(fā)現(xiàn)聞垃圾食品的氣味的時間變長，人們購買的欲望就降低，即：食物氣味的影響會隨著時間變長而改變，故選C。
15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Extended exposure to an indulgent food smell brings pleasure in the mind, which in turn reduces the desire for actual consumption of indulgent foods”（延長聞放縱型食品的時長會給大腦帶來滿足，這種滿足感會降低購買該種產(chǎn)品的欲望。）并結(jié)合上文實驗結(jié)果可知，本文主要介紹的是長時間聞垃圾食品的氣味會降低消費者的購買欲望。故選D。
16．G 17．F 18．D 19．E 20．A

【導語】本文是說明文。本文介紹了人們在雷雨天氣應(yīng)如何確保自己和財產(chǎn)安全。
16．根據(jù)上文“Some people love a great thunderstorm; others are frightened by the first flash of lightning or sound of thunder.(有些人喜歡大雷雨；另一些人則會被第一道閃電或雷聲嚇到)”以及后文“But there are easy steps you can take to protect your home and your life from lightning.(但你可以采取一些簡單的措施來保護你的家和你的生活免受閃電的傷害)”可知，空前提到有些人喜歡雷雨天氣，有些人卻害怕閃電或雷聲?？蘸笥痔岬娇刹扇∫恍┖唵蔚拇胧﹣肀Ｗo你的家和你的生活免受閃電的傷害。G項中的“Whether you love or hate them”與前文相呼應(yīng)，“thunderstorms produce dangerous lightning”說明了人們?yōu)槭裁葱枰扇〈胧┮苑朗艿絺Γc后文呼應(yīng)。故G項“不管你喜歡還是討厭雷暴，雷暴都會產(chǎn)生危險的閃電”符合語境。故選G。
17．根據(jù)后文“It can follow the wires or phone lines into your room—ruining computers, TVs and other electronics.(它可以跟隨電線或電話線進入你的房間，破壞電腦、電視和其他電子產(chǎn)品)”可知，空后提到它會順著電線或電話線進入你的家，毀壞電腦、電視和其他電子設(shè)備。由此可推斷，空處應(yīng)介紹閃電發(fā)生時的一種情況。F項提到“閃電擊中了你家的屋頂或附近的輸電線，這很糟糕但不是最壞的”，與空后一句描述的更糟糕的情況銜接。故選F。
18．根據(jù)上文“Lightning rods (避雷針) can protect a building from catching fire.(避雷針可以防止建筑物著火)”以及后文“They just provide a path for the electricity to reach the ground more safely.(它們只是為電力更安全地到達地面提供了一條通道)”可知，空前提到避雷針能保護建筑物避免著火，空后提到它們只是為閃電提供了一條更安全到達地面的通道。再根據(jù)空后的just可推斷，空處應(yīng)指出了避雷針不能起到的作用。D項“但是閃電擊中你的房子的概率不會改變”與上下文相銜接。故選D。
19．根據(jù)上文“Wires conduct electricity from the lightning rods to metal rods buried in the ground.(電線將電流從避雷針傳導到埋在地下的金屬棒)”可知，空前提到避雷針只是一個良好的安全系統(tǒng)的首要環(huán)節(jié)電纜將電從避雷針導入埋在地下的金屬棒。由此可知，空處應(yīng)與用電纜導電可能會帶來的危險及應(yīng)對措施有關(guān)。故E項“每處接頭都必須安全以防閃電移動至建筑物上”承接上文。故選E。
20．根據(jù)本段的小標題和空后“The Empire State Building gets struck by lightning around 20 times every year. Its lightning rod protects the structure, as well as the people inside.(帝國大廈每年被閃電擊中約20次。它的避雷針保護著建筑物，也保護著里面的人)”可知，空處應(yīng)與同一個地方可能多次被閃電擊中有關(guān)。本句是對下文現(xiàn)象的概括描述，A選項中的“more than once”與下文的“around 20 times”相照應(yīng)，故A項“它甚至可以擊中同一個地點不止一次”符合語境。故選A。

21．B 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．A 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．C 30．B 31．D 32．C 33．A 34．D 35．C 36．B 37．A 38．C 39．D 40．B

【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過自己參加學校運動會和創(chuàng)業(yè)的經(jīng)歷告訴我們：要勇于打破界限，胸懷大志，從小事做起。
21．考查形容詞短語辨析。句意：通常，女孩子參加跳繩之類的運動，男孩子（參加）跳高，我很想?yún)⒓犹?。A. (be) interested (in)對……感興趣；B. (be) involved (in)參與；C. (be) skilled (in)擅長；D. (be) gifted (in)在……方面有天賦。根據(jù)下文“Girls don’t do the high jump.”可推知，在學校里通常女孩參與跳繩之類的運動，不參與跳高，be involved in“參與”符合語境。故選B。
22．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：通常，女孩子參加跳繩之類的運動，男孩子（參加）跳高，我很想?yún)⒓犹?。A. anxious渴望的；B. hesitant猶豫的；C. ready準備好的；D. afraid害怕的。根據(jù)下文“Linda wants to do the high jump”可知，作者渴望參加跳高項目。故選A。
23．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我去報名，但教練說：“女生不跳高。”A. build (up)建立；B. fix (up)修理；C. make (up)組成，構(gòu)成；D. sign (up)報名。根據(jù)下文“… but the coach said, “Girls don’t do the high jump.”可知，教練拒絕作者參加跳高項目，所以作者應(yīng)該是去報名了。故選D。
24．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我回到家，把教練的話告訴了媽媽。A. reminded提醒；B. informed告知；C. convinced使確信；D. warned使警惕。根據(jù)下文“Mom of the coach’s words”可推知，作者應(yīng)該是被教練的話告訴了媽媽。故選B。
25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他說：“對不起，馬丁內(nèi)斯太太，但我們的慣例是女孩不能這樣做。”A. convention慣例；B. conclusion結(jié)論；C. compromise妥協(xié)（或折中）方案；D. criterion標準。根據(jù)上文“Usually, girls were ____1____ in sports like jump rope and boys did the high jump”可知，此處指校長說女生不參加跳高是學校的慣例。故選A。
26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，懷特先生，我不知道有什么規(guī)定這么說。A. opinion看法；B. sense理解力；C. knowledge知道；D. intention目的。根據(jù)下文“of any rules saying that”可推知，作者的媽媽應(yīng)該是和校長說不知道有女生不參加跳高的規(guī)定，knowledge“知道”符合語境，have no knowledge of是固定短語，意為“不知道”。故選C。
27．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：懷特先生發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有這樣的規(guī)定，感到很尷尬，最后說了“我必須考慮一下”。A. concerned擔心的；B. annoyed惱怒的；C. discouraged沮喪的；D. embarrassed尷尬的。根據(jù)上文“Finding no such rules”可知，校長發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有這樣的規(guī)定，所以應(yīng)該會感到尷尬。故選D。
28．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：回到家后，媽媽對我說了一些我永遠不會忘記的話：這不僅僅是我一個人的事。A. remember記得；B. undertake承擔；C. consider仔細考慮；D. seek謀求。根據(jù)下文“This wasn’t just about me”和作者后來的經(jīng)歷可推知，作者一直記著媽媽說的話。故選A。
29．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：其他女孩可能也想這么做。A. accidentally偶然地；B. obviously顯然；C. probably可能；D. rarely很少。根據(jù)上文“This wasn’t just about me”可知，媽媽認為這件事不僅關(guān)乎作者一個人，所以應(yīng)該是其他女孩可能也想這么做。故選C。
30．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，他同意了。A. insisted堅持；B. agreed同意；C. declined拒絕；D. quit放棄。根據(jù)下文“I won the high jump competition”可知，作者贏了跳高比賽，所以校長最終應(yīng)該是同意了。故選B。
31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，我得到的一些歡呼來自男孩！A. satisfaction滿意；B. delight高興；C. relief寬慰；D. surprise驚訝。根據(jù)下文“some of the cheers I got were from boys”可知，作為女生的作者在參加跳高比賽獲勝時有男生為其歡呼，這應(yīng)該會令作者感到驚訝。故選D。
32．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽是對的，這和我無關(guān)。A. certain確定的；B. wrong錯誤的；C. right對的；D. realistic實際的。根據(jù)下文“it wasn’t about me”可知，作者認為媽媽之前說的話是對的。故選C。
33．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：這是為了讓人們思考看看女孩能做什么。A. think about思考；B. argue about因……爭論；C. approve of贊成；D. talk of談及。根據(jù)上文作者作為女生參加了跳高比賽并贏得比賽，以及“see what girls could do”可推知，這件事會讓人們思考看看女孩能做什么。故選A。
34．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，我在建筑承包商的職業(yè)生涯中運用了這個經(jīng)驗——女人不應(yīng)該建造建筑。A. rule規(guī)則；B. remark評論；C. truth真理；D. lesson經(jīng)驗。根據(jù)上文“It was about making people ____13____ and see what girls could do.”可知，作者認識到自己的行為對人們思考女性能力的影響，所以是將這一經(jīng)驗運用到建筑承包商的職業(yè)中。故選D。
35．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：后來，我在建筑承包商的職業(yè)生涯中吸取了這個經(jīng)驗——女性不應(yīng)該建造建筑。A. (be) demanded (to)被要求做；B. (be) qualified (to)能勝任做；C. (be) supposed (to)(按規(guī)定、習慣、安排等)應(yīng)當；D. (be) designed (to)被設(shè)計用來做。根據(jù)上文作者想?yún)⒓犹弑荣悤r，教練和校長都認為女孩不應(yīng)該跳高可知，此處指女性不應(yīng)該建造建筑。故選C。
36．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當我第一次涉足這個行業(yè)時，媽媽說……A. made way for給……讓路，；B. set foot in進入；C. threw light on使（問題等）較容易理解；D. kept track of了解……的動態(tài)。根據(jù)上文“my career as a building contractor”可推知，作者涉足建筑承包商的行業(yè)。故選B。
37．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：從小事做起，但志向要遠大。A. big大大地；B. hard努力地；C. long長久地；D. deep深地。根據(jù)上文“Start small”和“but”可知，此處語義有轉(zhuǎn)折，從小事做起，但志向要遠大，think big是固定短語，意為“志向遠大，有雄心壯志”。故選A。
38．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這些經(jīng)歷教會了我，雖然人們并不總是接受我們，但我們應(yīng)該勇敢地跨越界限，走很少有女孩和女性會走的路。A. help幫助；B. mind介意；C. accept接受；D. need需要。根據(jù)上文作者作為女生想?yún)⒓犹弑荣愂艿阶璧K，作者涉足的建筑承包商行業(yè)不接納女性可推知，此處指人們并不總是接受女性做一些特定的事情。故選C。
39．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些經(jīng)歷教會了我，雖然人們并不總是接受我們，但我們應(yīng)該勇敢地跨越界限，走很少有女孩和女性會走的路。A. poles桿子；B. fences柵欄；C. risks風險；D. boundaries界限。根據(jù)上文作者作為女生想?yún)⒓犹弑荣愂艿阶璧K，作者涉足的建筑承包商行業(yè)不接納女性可推知，此處指女性應(yīng)當跨越這些界限，打破成見。故選D。
40．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：這真的會產(chǎn)生影響。A. (make a) point提出觀點；B. (make a) difference有影響；C. (make a) start著手；D. (make a) hit給（某人）留下很好的第一印象。根據(jù)上文作者參與跳高比賽贏得比賽，收獲男孩們的歡呼，把建筑承包商事業(yè)發(fā)展地很好可推知，此處指跨越界限真的會產(chǎn)生影響。故選B。

41．a(chǎn)chievements 42．combined 43．into 44．to preserve 45．harmonious 46．where 47．the 48．is reflected 49．or 50．themselves

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國在生物多樣性保護和荒野保護方面取得的成就對全球生物多樣性保護的未來具有重要意義。政府重新考慮其保護區(qū)體系，并將一些荒野地區(qū)，如海南的熱帶雨林，轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檎降膰夜珗@，新的國家公園系統(tǒng)將使保護棲息地和物種更加實際。
41．考查名詞。句意：因此，中國在生物多樣性保護和荒野保護方面取得的成就對全球生物多樣性保護的未來具有重要意義。設(shè)空處在句中作主語，根據(jù)謂語動詞are，可知句子的主語應(yīng)為復數(shù)的形式。故填achievements。
42．考查非謂語動詞。句意：至關(guān)重要的生物多樣性，加上龐大的人口，促使政府重新考慮其保護區(qū)體系，并將一些荒野地區(qū)，如海南的熱帶雨林，轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檎降膰夜珗@。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，和句子的邏輯主語之間The vital biodiversity是邏輯的被動關(guān)系，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用動詞的過去分詞的形式。故填combined。
43．考查介詞。句意見上題解析。固定搭配transform…into…把……轉(zhuǎn)變成，故填into。
44．考查非謂語動詞。句意：新的國家公園系統(tǒng)將使保護棲息地和物種更加實際。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，表示目的應(yīng)用動詞不定式的形式。故填to preserve。
45．考查形容詞。句意：目的是保護生物多樣性，確保人與自然之間的和諧關(guān)系。設(shè)空處后為名詞， 設(shè)空處應(yīng)用形容詞的形式修飾名詞。故填harmonious。
46．考查定語從句。這些國家公園橫跨中國廣闊的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，從生活著極度瀕危物種海南長臂猿的南方海南熱帶雨林國家公園，到大熊貓國家公園、東北虎豹國家公園、武夷山國家公園，再到位于黃河、長江和瀾滄江源頭的青藏高原上的三江源國家公園。設(shè)空處引導定語從句，先行詞為the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park在句中做地點狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞where。故填where。
47．考查冠詞。句意見上題解析。根據(jù)空后的“of the Yellow River (黃河之濱)”可知，此處表示特指，應(yīng)用定冠詞。故填the。
48．考查謂語動詞。句意：這些公園的名字反映了受保護的物種和棲息地的多樣性。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，和句子的主語之間是被動關(guān)系，敘述客觀事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語為the diversity of species and habitats，結(jié)合主謂一致。故填is reflected。
49．考查連詞。句意：游客可以提前在網(wǎng)上預(yù)訂或現(xiàn)場預(yù)訂。設(shè)空處表示選擇，意為“或”、“還是”。故填or。
50．考查反身代詞。句意：他們應(yīng)該掌握一些當?shù)氐闹R，為這次奇妙的旅行做好準備，最大限度地享受旅行的樂趣。當主語they和賓語是同一群人時，應(yīng)用反身代詞作get的賓語。故填themselves。
51．1. excited→exciting
2. 刪除last前面的on
3. eager→eagerly
4. blowing→blown
5. him→them
6. every后面的students→student
7. won→winning
8. 在thought和by之間增加of
9. strengthen→strengthened
10. what→which
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了學校舉辦拔河比賽，學生熱情參與，家長和老師們積極響應(yīng)。
【詳解】1. 考查形容詞。句意：為了豐富學生們的校園生活，上周六在學校操場上舉行了一場激動人心的比賽。此處是修飾competition的定語，描述比賽的性質(zhì)，應(yīng)用形容詞exciting，意為“令人激動的”。故將excited改為exciting。
2. 考查固定短語。句意：為了豐富學生們的校園生活，上周六在學校操場上舉行了一場激動人心的比賽。此處表示“上周六”，用固定短語last Saturday，不需要介詞on。故刪除last前面的on。
3. 考查副詞。句意：每個班選出十個男孩和十個女孩，站在繩子旁邊，緊緊抓住繩子，急切地等待著開始。此處修飾動詞waiting，應(yīng)用副詞eagerly，意為“急切地”。故將eager改為eagerly。
4. 考查非謂語動詞。句意：隨著哨聲的吹響，參與者們拼命地拉繩子，而站在旁邊的學生則拼命地為他們加油。此處用with的復合結(jié)構(gòu)，blow和邏輯主語whistle是動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用blow的過去分詞形式blown。故將blowing改為blown。
5. 考查代詞。句意：隨著哨聲的吹響，參與者們拼命地拉繩子，而站在旁邊的學生則拼命地為他們加油。結(jié)合句意可知，此處指站在旁邊的學生則拼命地為參加拔河比賽的同學們加油，應(yīng)用代詞them指代參加拔河比賽的同學們。故將him改為them。
6. 考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：最終，贏得比賽的班級的每個學生都獲得了一本精美的筆記本。此處every修飾可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式，應(yīng)用student的單數(shù)形式。故將every后面的students改為student。
7. 考查非謂語動詞。句意：最終，贏得比賽的班級的每個學生都獲得了一本精美的筆記本。此處“贏得比賽”作the class的后置定語，且邏輯主語the class和win之間是主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用win的現(xiàn)在分詞形式winning。故將won改為winning。
8. 考查介詞。句意：學生們對這次比賽評價很高。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“被給予很高評價”，應(yīng)用固定短語be highly thought of，of不可少。故在thought和by之間增加of。
9. 考查時態(tài)。句意：這不僅鍛煉了他們的身體，也加強了他們的團隊合作。文章敘述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，時態(tài)用一般過去時，且Not only did it build up their bodies也用一般過去時，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時，strengthen需用過去式strengthened。故將strengthen改為strengthened。
10. 考查定語從句。句意：此外，比賽得到了家長和老師的積極響應(yīng)，在微信朋友圈引起了轟動。此處引導非限制性定語從句，對前面整句話進行補充說明，從句中缺少主語，應(yīng)該用關(guān)系代詞which。故將what改為which。
52．Dear Eric,
I’m writing to invite you to take part in the speech contest to be held in our school.
The contest whose theme is “My dream of becoming a scientist” is scheduled to start in the school lecture hall next Friday afternoon. It’s aimed at arousing students’ interest in science and encouraging students to show their talents. Five professors will be invited to be judges and the first six winners will be given awards, some of which are artworks featuring traditional Chinese culture.
Come and join us! Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【導語】本篇書面表達屬于應(yīng)用文。要求寫一封邀請信，邀請交換生Eric來參加學校舉行的演講比賽。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
參加：take part in→participate in
比賽：contest→competition
激發(fā)：arouse →stimulate
鼓勵：encourage→inspire
2.句式拓展
并列句變復合句
原句：Come and join us!
拓展句：I will be very delighted if you can come and join us!
【點睛】【高分句型1】The contest whose theme is “My dream of becoming a scientist” is scheduled to start in the school lecture hall next Friday afternoon. （運用了whose引導的定語從句）
【高分句型2】Five professors will be invited to be judges and the first six winners will be given awards, some of which are artworks featuring traditional Chinese culture. （運用了介詞+which引導的非限制性定語從句）

相關(guān)試卷

江西省南昌市第十中學2022-2023學年高三英語下學期第一次模擬試題（Word版附答案）：

這是一份江西省南昌市第十中學2022-2023學年高三英語下學期第一次模擬試題（Word版附答案），共12頁。試卷主要包含了5分，滿分7等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。

2022-2023學年江西省南昌市第十中學高一下學期第一次月考英語試題含解析：

這是一份2022-2023學年江西省南昌市第十中學高一下學期第一次月考英語試題含解析，共28頁。試卷主要包含了考試結(jié)束后,請將答題紙交回， B等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。

2022-2023學年江西省南昌市第十中學高三下學期第一次模擬英語試題Word版含答案：

這是一份2022-2023學年江西省南昌市第十中學高三下學期第一次模擬英語試題Word版含答案，文件包含英語答案docx、江西省南昌市第十中學2022-2023學年高三下學期第一次模擬英語試題Word版無答案docx等2份試卷配套教學資源，其中試卷共14頁， 歡迎下載使用。

英語朗讀寶

相關(guān)試卷 更多

2022-2023學年江西省南昌市第十中學高三下學期第一次模擬英語試題含答案

2022-2023學年江西省南昌市第十中學高三下學期第一次模擬英語試題含答案
江西省南昌市第十中學2022-2023學年高三下學期第一次模擬(高考仿真)英語試題及答案

江西省南昌市第十中學2022-2023學年高三下學期第一次模擬(高考仿真)英語試題及答案
江西省南昌市2023屆高三第一次模擬測試 英語試題及答案（含聽力）

江西省南昌市2023屆高三第一次模擬測試 英語試題及答案（含聽力）
2020屆江西省南昌市第二中學高三下學期模擬（三）英語試題含解析

2020屆江西省南昌市第二中學高三下學期模擬（三）英語試題含解析
資料下載及使用幫助
版權(quán)申訴
版權(quán)申訴
若您為此資料的原創(chuàng)作者，認為該資料內(nèi)容侵犯了您的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)，請掃碼添加我們的相關(guān)工作人員，我們盡可能的保護您的合法權(quán)益。
入駐教習網(wǎng)，可獲得資源免費推廣曝光，還可獲得多重現(xiàn)金獎勵，申請 精品資源制作， 工作室入駐。
版權(quán)申訴二維碼
高考專區(qū)
歡迎來到教習網(wǎng)
  • 900萬優(yōu)選資源，讓備課更輕松
  • 600萬優(yōu)選試題，支持自由組卷
  • 高質(zhì)量可編輯，日均更新2000+
  • 百萬教師選擇，專業(yè)更值得信賴
微信掃碼注冊
qrcode
二維碼已過期
刷新

微信掃碼，快速注冊

手機號注冊
手機號碼

手機號格式錯誤

手機驗證碼 獲取驗證碼

手機驗證碼已經(jīng)成功發(fā)送，5分鐘內(nèi)有效

設(shè)置密碼

6-20個字符，數(shù)字、字母或符號

注冊即視為同意教習網(wǎng)「注冊協(xié)議」及「隱私條款」
QQ注冊
手機號注冊
微信注冊

注冊成功

返回
頂部