?英語
注意事項(xiàng)：
1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。
2. 回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。
3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1. 5分，滿分7. 5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19. 15. B. ￡9. 18. C. ￡9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What will the woman probably do next?
A. Pay for the clothes. B. Go to another store. C. Try on some dresses.
2. What will the man do about the camera?
A. Have it repaired. B. Lend it to Larry. C. Change it for a new one.
3. Why does the woman suggest having a party?
A. Bill has got a pay raise.
B. Bill has found a good job.
C. Bill has finished a project.
4. Where will the woman go to celebrate her mom’s birthday?
A. Café Blue. B. Chez Marie. C. Leblanc.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A park. B. The weather. C. Bob’s pets.
第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1. 5分，滿分22. 5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Doctor and patient. B. Hu4sband and wife. C. Salesman and customer.
7. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Do more exercise. B. Drink plenty of water. C. Stop eating chocolate.
聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。
8. Why does Joshua make the call?
A. To ask for advice. B. To make an apology. C. To check the time.
9. Where is Joshua now?
A. In Cider Street. B. On Elmer Road. C. In Poplar Street.
10. What is Joshua’s destination?
A. Maria’s house. B. The National Bank. C. Westin Hospital.
聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。
11. How much rent would the man like to pay every month?
A. ￡400. B. ￡800. C. ￡950.
12. What is an advantage of the flat?
A. It’s convenient for shopping.
B. It’s in a quiet neighborhood.
C. It’s next to the man’s college.
13. What is the man going to do tomorrow?
A. Find another flat. B. Move into the flat. C. Check on the flat.
聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。
14. Where are the speakers?
A. On a bus. B. At a store. C. In a church.
15. What was the man’s first challenge this week?
A. To do some volunteer work.
B. To encourage others to smile.
C. To treat a stranger to a dinner.
16. What day is it today?
A. Tuesday. B. Wednesday. C. Thursday.
17. What will the woman do next?
A. Make an application. B. Call her husband. C. Pay for her groceries.
聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。
18. What should a public speaker avoid doing according to the woman?
A. Talking too loudly. B. Speaking too fast. C. Saying too much.
19. Why should the closing of a speech be carefully planned?
A. It’s usually the most remembered part.
B. It’s the last chance to make your point.
C. It’s as important as the opening words.
20. What does the woman suggest a public speaker do during the speech?
A. Show a good sense of humor.
B. Motivate the audience to act.
C. Meet challenges with courage.
第二部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2. 5分，滿分37. 5分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Family-Friendly Events in January
ZooLights: Glow Wild Jan. 1-19
The Phoenix Zoo’s yearly holiday light show is on until Jan.19, allowing families one or more opportunities to enjoy the city’s zoo, with millions of lights giving an added dimension to the festivities.
Glow Wild,455 N. Galvin Pkwy., Phoenix,
https//:www.phoenixzoo.org,$13.95 for general admission $11.95 for members.
Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts Jan.4-18
The Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts features the work of established and emerging artists, including those who create woodwork, metal crafts, food items, art and photography gifts.
On Macdonald, off of Main Street in Downtown Mesa.
https//:www.dtmesafest.com,free admission.
Family Fun Winterfest Jan.4
OdySea Aquarium in the Desert is hosting the third annual Family Fun Winterfest in its Desert Courtyard, featuring real snow for the kids to play in. This free event features everything from bounce houses to rides, games, snowflake crafts and face painting to go with various stands set up by local sellers, with food and other offerings for sale at the event.
9500 E. Via de Ventura, Scottsdale
https//:www.odyseainthedesert.com,free.
Youth Fine Arts Course Jan.18-Mar.7
Mesa Arts Center is hosting an eight-week youth arts course on Saturdays to teach artistic skills and knowledge through fun and challenging art classes in a wide variety of art materials, including painting, drawing, mixed media and sculpture, ensuring mentally stimulating sessions for all.
Mesa Art Center, I E. Main St., Mesa,
https//:www.mesaartscenter.com,$93 for admission.
1 How can you get a discount when buying a ticket to the ZooLights show?
A. By bringing a friend. B. By becoming a member.
C. By booking a ticket online. D. By Joining a tour group
2. What can you do at Family Fun Winterfest?
A. Have free food. B. Enjoy real snow.
C. Take art classes. D. Meet local artists
3. Which event lasts the longest?
A. ZooLights: Glow Wild. B. Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts.
C. Family Fun Winterfest. D. Youth Fine Arts Courses.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個在一月份舉辦的家庭友好活動。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ZooLights: Glow Wild Jan. 1-19部分中“https//:www.phoenixzoo.org,$13.95 for general admission $11.95 for members.(https //:www.phoenixzoo.org，普通門票13.95美元，會員11.95美元)”可知，在購買ZooLights演出的門票時成為會員可以獲得折扣。故選B。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Family Fun Winterfest Jan.4部分中“OdySea Aquarium in the Desert is hosting the third annual Family Fun Winterfest in its Desert Courtyard, featuring real snow for the kids to play in.(位于沙漠中的奧德海水族館正在其沙漠庭院舉辦第三屆年度家庭趣味冬季活動，以真正的雪為特色，供孩子們玩耍)”可知，在Family Fun Winterfest可以欣賞真正的雪。故選B。
【3題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知ZooLights: Glow Wild從一月一日到十九日；Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts從一月四日到十八日；Family Fun Winterfest在一月四日；Youth Fine Arts Course從一月十八日到三月七日。可知，Youth Fine Arts Courses持續(xù)時間最長。故選D。
B
As a young girl growing up in France, Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place. Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. There she organized homework clubs and activities for children. Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification. “Within 10 years rich farmers became worse off, and in 10 years from now they will be poor. I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks.” A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts (干旱) have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification.
Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change. She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable crops, using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilizers (肥料) rather than chemicals.
In 2012, Toumi consolidated her dream to fight the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action. “I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are. Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water.”
By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. She expects to plant 1 million trees by 2018. In the next couple of years, Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco.
4. How did Toumi’s holiday trips to Tunisia influence her?
A. They made her decide to leave the country.
B. They helped her better understand her father.
C. They fired her enthusiasm for helping others.
D. They destroyed her dream of being a teacher.
5. What is the main cause of the desertification of Tunisia’s farmland?
A Low rainfall. B. Soil pollution.
C. Cold weather. D. Forest damage.
6. Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia?
A. To create job opportunities for young people.
B. To help the children obtain a basic education.
C. To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers.
D. To facilitate the protection of their farmland.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Saving Water in Tunisia
B. Planting Trees of Native Species
C. Holding back the Sahara
D. Fighting Poverty in North Africa
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了主人公圖米在一次去突尼斯旅游的過程中激發(fā)了她要幫助當(dāng)?shù)厝藷崆?，由此?chuàng)立了“Acacias for All”項(xiàng)目，改善當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)田，實(shí)踐其可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的理念。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. (9歲那年，她陪伴著身為突尼斯人的父親，到突尼斯東部的出生地度假，這喚醒了她幫助他人的熱情。)”可知，圖米去突尼斯度假的經(jīng)歷喚醒了她幫助他人的熱情。故選C。
【5題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“ A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts (干旱)have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification.(平均降雨量的減少和干旱嚴(yán)重程度的增加導(dǎo)致突尼斯大約75%的農(nóng)業(yè)土地受到沙漠化的威脅。)”可知，降雨量少是突尼斯農(nóng)田沙漠化的主要原因。故選A。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action. (她搬到突尼斯，并建立了一個名為“Acacias for All”的項(xiàng)目，將她的可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)理念付諸行動。)”以及最后一段中“By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 per cent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland.(截至2016年9月，在20個試點(diǎn)農(nóng)場種植了13萬多棵金合歡樹，農(nóng)民的成活率達(dá)到60%。圖米估計(jì)，為了保護(hù)突尼斯的農(nóng)田，大約需要300萬棵金金合歡。)”可知，她創(chuàng)立“Acacias for All”項(xiàng)目的目的是保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)氐霓r(nóng)田。故選D。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中“By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 per cent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. (截至2016年9月，在20個試點(diǎn)農(nóng)場種植了13萬多棵金合歡樹，農(nóng)民的成活率達(dá)到60%。圖米估計(jì)，為了保護(hù)突尼斯的農(nóng)田，大約需要300萬棵金合槐。)”以及通讀全文可知，文章講述的是主人公圖米在9歲時，在一次陪伴爸爸去突尼斯旅游的過程中激發(fā)了她要幫助當(dāng)?shù)厝藷崆椋纱藙?chuàng)立了“Acacias for All”項(xiàng)目，改善當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)田，堅(jiān)持與沙漠作斗爭，實(shí)踐其可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的理念。C選項(xiàng)“Holding back the Sahara(與撒哈拉沙漠作斗爭)”符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。
C
For years, David James, who studies insects at Washington State University, had wanted to examine the migration (遷徙)patterns of West Coast monarch butterflies (黑脈金斑蝶). The route the butterflies travel has been hardly known because the populations are too small to follow. For every 200 monarchs tagged (打標(biāo)簽)by a researcher, only one is usually recovered at the end of its trip, James says, and finding even 200 in the wild to tag is unlikely. Knowing the route is vital to conservation efforts, but James had no way to figure it out- until he got a phone call from Washington State Penitentiary in Walla Walla.
The prison was looking for new activities to improve the mental health of those serving long-term sentences. So James began working with prisoners to raise monarchs through the whole process of their transformation. The adult insects were then tagged and released from the prison. Over five years, nearly 10, 000 monarchs flew from the facility. Elsewhere in Washington, Oregon and Idaho, researchers released another few thousand.
The tags included email addresses, and soon after the first butterflies took off, James started receiving messages from people who had spotted them. The butterflies, the reports confirmed, wintered in coastal California. Twelve of them landed at Lighthouse Field State Beach in Santa Cruz. Several more headed to Bolinas and Morro Bay.
The work helps researchers identify ideal places to plant milkweed and other vegetation that are important to the life cycle of West Coast monarch butterflies. It also brought out the gentler side of some of the prisoners. “They were very worried that they were going to harm the butterflies, ”James says. Watching the monarch change their form also touched the men. “This butterfly changed, ” James recalls prisoners telling him, “and maybe we can too. ”
8. What was hard for David to do in his study?
A. Gain financial support. B. Hire qualified workers.
C. Build a new laboratory. D. Find enough monarchs.
9. Why are the butterflies tagged before being released?
A. To guarantee their safety.
B. To enable them to fly longer distances.
C. To track their travel routes.
D. To distinguish them from other species.
10. What makes the prisoners feel that they can change?
A. The patience the butterflies showed.
B. The hardship the butterflies underwent.
C. The transformation of the butterflies.
D. The devotion of James to the butterflies.
11. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. The impact of the research.
B. The findings of James’ study.
C. The release of the prisoners.
D. The life cycle of the butterflies.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章講述了David James想要研究黑脈金斑蝶的遷徙，但是很難找到足夠可以跟蹤的蝴蝶，華盛頓州立監(jiān)獄的囚犯幫助飼養(yǎng)蝴蝶，然后打上包括郵箱地址的標(biāo)簽放飛， James收到了來自發(fā)現(xiàn)蝴蝶的人們的信息，從而讓研究工作順利進(jìn)行，這項(xiàng)工作幫助研究人員確定了理想的種植馬利筋和其他植被的地方，這些植被對西海岸黑脈金斑蝶蝶的生命周期很重要，也激發(fā)了一些囚犯溫和的一面。
【8題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“The route the butterflies travel has been hardly known because the populations are too small to follow. For every 200 monarchs tagged (打標(biāo)簽)by a researcher, only one is usually recovered at the end of its trip, James says, and finding even 200 in the wild to tag is unlikely.( 蝴蝶的飛行路線幾乎不為人知，因?yàn)樗鼈兊臄?shù)量太少，無法跟隨。詹姆斯說，每200只被研究人員標(biāo)記的帝王蝴蝶，通常只有一只在旅行結(jié)束時被找到，而在野外找到200只帝王蝶也不太可能。)”可知，對于戴維來說，研究中最困難的是找到足夠的黑脈金斑蝶。故選D。
【9題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“The tags included email addresses, and soon after the first butterflies took off, James started receiving messages from people who had spotted them. The butterflies, the reports confirmed, wintered in coastal California. Twelve of them landed at Lighthouse Field State Beach in Santa Cruz. Several more headed to Bolinas and Morro Bay. ( 這些標(biāo)簽包括電子郵件地址，在第一批蝴蝶起飛后不久，詹姆斯開始收到發(fā)現(xiàn)它們的人發(fā)來的信息。報(bào)道證實(shí)，這些蝴蝶在加州沿海過冬。其中12只降落在圣克魯斯的Lighthouse Field State Beach。更多的前往Bolinas和Morro Bay。)”可推斷，在釋放之前給這些蝴蝶打上標(biāo)簽是為了跟蹤它們的旅行路線。故選C。
【10題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“It also brought out the gentler side of some of the prisoners. ‘They were very worried that they were going to harm the butterflies,’James says. Watching the monarch change their form also touched the men.‘This butterfly changed,’James recalls prisoners telling him, ‘a(chǎn)nd maybe we can too.’(它也帶來了一些囚犯的溫和的一面?！八麄兎浅?dān)心他們會傷害蝴蝶,”詹姆斯說。看著黑脈金斑蝶改變他們的形式也感動了這些男人。“這只蝴蝶改變了,”詹姆斯回憶說,囚犯告訴他,“也許我們也可以?！?”可知，蝴蝶的改變感動了這些囚犯，他們覺得蝴蝶可以變形，他們也可以改變，因此可知是蝴蝶的改變讓囚犯感覺自己也可以改變。故選C。
【11題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的“The work helps researchers identify ideal places to plant milkweed and other vegetation that are important to the life cycle of West Coast monarch butterflies. It also brought out the gentler side of some of the prisoners.( 這項(xiàng)工作幫助研究人員確定理想了的種植馬利筋和其他植被的地方，這些植被對西海岸黑脈金斑蝶蝶的生命周期很重要。它也激發(fā)了一些囚犯溫和的一面。)”可推斷，本段主要講述這項(xiàng)研究工作的影響。故選A。
D
We all know that unpleasant feeling when we’re talking about something interesting and halfway through our sentence we’re interrupted. But was that really an interruption? The answer depends on whom you ask, according to new research led by Katherine Hilton from Stanford University.
Using a set of controlled audio clips (錄音片段), Hilton surveyed 5, 000 American English speakers to better understand what affects people’s perceptions of interruptions. She had participants listen to audio clips and then answer questions about whether the speakers seemed to be friendly and engaged, listening to one another, or trying to interrupt.
Hilton found that American English speakers have different conversational styles. She identified two distinct groups: high and low intensity speakers. High intensity speakers are generally uncomfortable with moments of silence in conversation and consider talking at the same time a sign of engagement. Low intensity speakers find it rude to talk at the same time and prefer people speak one after another in conversation.
The differences in conversational styles became evident when participants listened to audio clips in which two people spoke at the same time but were agreeing with each other and stayed on topic, Hilton said. The high intensity group reported that conversations where people spoke at the same time when expressing agreement were not interruptive but engaged and friendlier than the conversations with moments of silence in between speaking turns. In contrast, the low intensity group perceived any amount of simultaneous (同時) chat as a rude interruption, regardless of what the speakers were saying.
“People care about being interrupted, and those small interruptions can have a massive effect on the overall communication,” Hilton said. “Breaking apart what an interruption means is essential if we want to understand how humans interact with each other.”
12. What does Hilton’s research focus on?
A. What interruptions mean to people.
B. Whether interruption is good or not.
C. How to avoid getting interrupted.
D Why speakers interrupt each other.
13. What do participants of the study need to do?
A. Record an audio clip. B. Answer some questions.
C. Listen to one another. D. Have a chat with a friend.
14. What do low intensity speakers think of simultaneous chat?
A. It’s important. B. It’s interesting.
C. It’s inefficient. D. It’s impolite.
15. What can we learn from Hilton’s research?
A. Human interaction is complex.
B. Communication is the basis of life.
C Interruptions promote thinking.
D. Language barriers will always exist.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。研究表明，在談話中被打斷是否會帶來不愉快，因人而異。
【12題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“But was that really an interruption? The answer depends on whom you ask, according to new research led by Katherine Hilton from Stanford University.(但這真的是打擾嗎？根據(jù)斯坦福大學(xué)凱瑟琳·希爾頓領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項(xiàng)新研究，答案取決于你問誰)”和第四段第二、三句“The high intensity group reported that conversations where people spoke at the same time when expressing agreement were not interruptive but engaged and friendlier than the conversations with moments of silence in between speaking turns. In contrast, the low intensity group perceived any amount of simultaneous chat as a rude interruption, regardless of what the speakers were saying.(高強(qiáng)度組報(bào)告說，人們在表達(dá)同意的同時說話的對話不會被打斷，而是比在說話之間保持沉默的對話更投入、更友好。相比之下，低強(qiáng)度組認(rèn)為任何數(shù)量的同時聊天都是粗魯?shù)拇驍?，不管說話人在說什么)”可知，文章主要說明了“打斷”對不同的人來說，意義不同，即“打斷”對人們意味著什么。故選A項(xiàng)。
【13題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“ She had participants listen to audio clips and then answer questions about whether the speakers seemed to be friendly and engaged, listening to one another, or trying to interrupt.(她讓參與者聽一些音頻片段，然后回答一些問題，比如說話者看起來是否友好、投入、彼此傾聽，還是試圖打斷)”可知，參與者們需要在聽完音頻后回答一些問題。故選B項(xiàng)。
【14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Low intensity speakers find it rude to talk at the same time and prefer people speak one after another in conversation.(低強(qiáng)度說話者覺得同時說話很不禮貌，他們更喜歡人們在談話中一個接一個地說話)”可推知，對于低強(qiáng)度聊天者來說，同時聊天是粗魯?shù)?，不禮貌的。故選D項(xiàng)。
【15題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““People care about being interrupted, and those small interruptions can have a massive effect on the overall communication,” Hilton said. “Breaking apart what an interruption means is essential if we want to understand how humans interact with each other. ”(“人們很在意被打斷，而這些小的干擾會對整體交流產(chǎn)生巨大影響，”希爾頓說?！叭绻覀兿肓私馊祟愔g是如何互動的，就必須分解中斷的含義?！?”可推知，人類的交流是復(fù)雜的。故選A項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2. 5分，滿分12. 5分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
There has been a very serious decline in the numbers of shallow-water fish as a result of overfishing. People still want to eat fish, so the fishing industry must look at other sources, especially the deep waters of the Atlantic. ____16____
Conservation measures will have to be put in place if these deep-sea fish are to survive. Research on five such species shows that numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent. ____17____ Many species could well disappear completely if the present trend continues. These are species that have been swimming in our oceans for hundreds of millions of years.
The problem is emphasized by the fact that the decline in numbers happened in less than twenty years. Deep-sea fish take a long time to reproduce and normally live for many years. ____18____ The average size of such fish also declined, with one species showing a 57 percent decline in average size. This is of particular concern, as large fish tend to produce more offspring than small ones.
____19____ The deep-sea species have been caught as if they were the fast-breeding (快速繁殖) fish like sardine and herring. It is like killing elephants as if they reproduced at the same rate as rabbits.
The damage done by overfishing goes beyond the sea environment. Millions of people make a living in the fishing industry. ____20____ Measures must be taken to not only conserve ecosystems, but also sustain livelihoods and ensure food security.
A. Billions of people rely on fish for protein.
B. Many people now choose not to eat deep-sea fish.
C. Unfortunately, their reproduction rate is very low.
D. This puts them in the category of “critically endangered”.
E. None of these facts has been taken into account by the fishing industry.
F. Overfishing is a major cause of decline in populations of ocean wildlife.
G. This has resulted in a sharp decline in the numbers of many of the species caught.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了由于過度捕撈淺水魚類的數(shù)量已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重下降，以及由此導(dǎo)致的后果。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“People still want to eat fish, so the fishing industry must look at other sources, especially the deep waters of the Atlantic.”（人們?nèi)匀幌氤贼~，因此漁業(yè)必須尋找其他來源，特別是大西洋的深水區(qū)）推知，選項(xiàng)承接上文說明以上做法導(dǎo)致的不良影響。故G選項(xiàng)“這導(dǎo)致許多被捕獲物種的數(shù)量急劇下降”切題。故選G項(xiàng)。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Research on five such species shows that numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent.”（對五種這樣的物種的研究表明，數(shù)量下降了87%到98%）可知，數(shù)量下降到了一定程度，我們便稱為它們?yōu)椤皹O度瀕?！蔽锓N。故D選項(xiàng)“這使得它們被歸為“極度瀕?！蔽锓N”切題，this指代上文提到的“numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent.”。故選D項(xiàng)。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Deep-sea fish take a long time to reproduce and normally live for many years.”（深海魚類需要很長時間繁殖，通?？梢曰詈芏嗄辏└鶕?jù)下文“The average size of such fish also declined, with one species showing a 57 percent decline in average size. This is of particular concern, as large fish tend to produce more offspring than small ones.”（這些魚的平均尺寸也在下降，其中一個物種的平均尺寸下降了57%。這一點(diǎn)值得特別關(guān)注，因?yàn)榇篝~往往比小魚生育更多的后代）可知，選項(xiàng)承接上下文說明深海魚類的繁殖率非常低。故C選項(xiàng)“不幸的是，它們的繁殖率非常低”切題。故選C項(xiàng)。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“The deep-sea species have been caught as if they were the fast-breeding (快速繁殖) fish like sardine and herring. It is like killing elephants as if they reproduced at the same rate as rabbits.”（深海魚類被捕獲，仿佛它們是沙丁魚和鯡魚等快速繁殖的魚類。這就像把大象當(dāng)作繁殖速度飛快的兔子殺死一樣）可知，漁業(yè)忽略了一些物種繁殖速度慢的事實(shí)。故E選項(xiàng)“漁業(yè)沒有考慮到這些事實(shí)”故選E項(xiàng)。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Millions of people make a living in the fishing industry.”（數(shù)百萬人以漁業(yè)為生）可知，選項(xiàng)與上文為并列關(guān)系，說明漁業(yè)對人的重要作用。故A選項(xiàng)“數(shù)十億人依賴魚類獲取蛋白質(zhì)”切題。故選A項(xiàng)。
第三部分 語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Dr. Smith of New York works at a center for children who can’t learn well. One day a father brought his son to him for____21____ at his office.
The father told Dr. Smith about his son. “My son has ____22____ in learning and can’t even play baseball. He isn’t doing well because he doesn’t try. I have done everything for him. I have even shouted at him. But nothing ____23____. ”
After Dr. Smith tested the boy, he ____24____ his father. He asked the father to sit in front of a ____25____ and then gave him a pencil and a piece of paper. There was a ____26____ on the paper. He asked the father to look only in the mirror and ____27____ the lines of the star with the pencil. The father made the same ____28____ anyone makes. Every time he ____29____ the pencil, it went the wrong way. The father’s face became red.
At this ____30____ the doctor shouted at him, “Hurry up! Why are you ____31____ so long? You can’t do such an ____32____ thing! You don’t know left from right!” These ____33____ made the father very angry.
“Now you can ____34____, can’t you?” The doctor said to him. “Your son has felt just like that all the time. You scolded (訓(xùn)斥) him too often, so he didn't try any more. He was afraid of making mistakes. ”
____35____ the father understood everything. He put his face down. Now he felt so sorry.
21. A. testing B. acting C. teaching D. playing
22 A. confidence B. interest C. experience D. difficulty
23. A. returns B. helps C. appears D. remains
24. A. waited for B. searched for C. believed in D. called in
25. A. mirror B. television C. painting D. desk
26. A. face B. line C. number D. star
27. A. remove B. follow C. cross D. cut
28. A. decisions B. choices C. mistakes D. patterns
29. A. touched B. dropped C. moved D. sharpened
30. A. speed B. corner C. end D. point
31. A. staying B. taking C. preparing D. writing
32. A. easy B. important C. obvious D. exciting
33. A. ideas B. words C. questions D. instructions
34. A. relax B. leave C. understand D. promise
35. A. Interestingly B. Absolutely C. Suddenly D. Unfortunately
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了一位父親帶學(xué)習(xí)有困難的孩子去做測試。結(jié)果，父親才是那個造成孩子學(xué)習(xí)困難的人。
【21題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，一位父親帶著兒子到他的辦公室做測試。A. testing測試；B. acting行動；C. teaching教；D. playing玩耍。根據(jù)下文“After Dr. Smith tested the boy, he 4 his father.”可知，男孩做了測試。故選A。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我兒子學(xué)習(xí)有困難，甚至不會打棒球。A. confidence自信心；B. interest興趣；C. experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；D. difficulty困難。根據(jù)下文“He isn’t doing well because he doesn’t try. I have done everything for him.”可知，父親為兒子做了一切，但是還是學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)不好，所以就認(rèn)為兒子有學(xué)習(xí)困難。故選D。
【23題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是什么都沒用。A. returns歸還；B. helps幫助；C. appears出現(xiàn)；D. remains仍然。根據(jù)前文“One day a father brought his son to him for testing at his office.”可知，父親帶兒子來做測試，說明自己做的一切都是不起幫助作用的。故選B。
【24題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：史密斯醫(yī)生檢查完男孩后，把他父親叫來。A. waited for等待；B. searched for尋找；C. believed in信任；D. called in叫來。根據(jù)本句“After Dr. Smith tested the boy”可知，史密斯醫(yī)生檢查完男孩后會把父親叫進(jìn)來說明情況。故選D。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他讓父親坐在鏡子前，然后給了他一支鉛筆和一張紙。A. mirror鏡子；B. television電視；C. painting繪畫；D. desk桌子。根據(jù)下文“He asked the father to look only in the mirror and 7 the lines of the star with the pencil.”可知，父親是坐在鏡子前的。故選A。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：紙上有一顆星星。A. face臉；B. line行；C. number數(shù)字；D. star星星。根據(jù)下文“He asked the father to look only in the mirror and 7 the lines of the star with the pencil.”可知，父親是坐在鏡子前畫星星的。故選D。
【27題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他讓父親只照鏡子，用鉛筆沿著星星的線條畫。A. remove移除；B. follow跟隨，按照；C. cross跨過；D. cut切割。根據(jù)本句“He asked the father to look only in the mirror”可知，紙上有個星星，但是父親只能按照要求照著鏡子中的星星畫。故選B。
【28題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那個父親犯了所有人都會犯的錯誤。A. decisions決定；B. choices選擇；C. mistakes錯誤；D. patterns模式。根據(jù)下文“Every time he 9 the pencil, it went the wrong way.”可知，父親也會犯錯誤，每次劃線，都走錯了方向。故選C。
【29題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意： 每次他移動鉛筆，它都走錯了方向。A. touched觸摸；B. dropped掉落；C. moved移動；D. sharpened使變鋒利。根據(jù)本句“it went the wrong way”可知，鉛筆走錯了方向，應(yīng)是父親移動鉛筆。故選C。
【30題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這時，醫(yī)生對他喊道：“快點(diǎn)！ 怎么花了這么長時間？這么簡單的事你做不出來！你根本不知道左右!”。A. speed速度；B. corner角落；C. end末端；D. point要點(diǎn)。根據(jù)前文“Every time he 　　　9　　 the pencil, it went the wrong way.”以及后文“the doctor shouted at him”可知，父親犯了錯，這時醫(yī)生對他喊。故選D。
【31題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這時，醫(yī)生對他喊道：“快點(diǎn)！你怎么花了這么長時間？這么簡單的事你做不出來！你根本不知道左右!”。A. staying停留；B. taking花費(fèi)；C. preparing準(zhǔn)備；D. writing寫。根據(jù)前文“Every time he 　　　9　　 the pencil, it went the wrong way.”可知，父親一直犯錯，會花很長時間。故選B。
【32題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這時，醫(yī)生對他喊道：“快點(diǎn)！你怎么花了這么長時間？這么簡單的事你做不出來！你根本不知道左右!”。A. easy容易的；B. important重要的；C. obvious明顯的；D. exciting令人興奮的。根據(jù)后文“You don’t know left from right!”可知，分不清左右是很簡單的事。故選A。
【33題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些話讓父親非常生氣。A. ideas想法；B. words言語；C. questions問題；D. instructions指示。根據(jù)前文“ “Hurry up! Why are you　　　11　　 so long? You can’t do such an 　　12　 thing! You don’t know left from right!””可知，這是醫(yī)生對父親說的話。故選B。
【34題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“現(xiàn)在你明白了，是嗎?”醫(yī)生對他說。A. relax放松；B. leave離開；C. understand理解；D. promise承諾。根據(jù)下文“the father understood everything”可知，醫(yī)生在問父親是否明白其中道理。故選C。
【35題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，父親明白了一切。A. Interestingly有意思的是；B. Absolutely絕對地；C. Suddenly突然；D. Unfortunately不幸的是。根據(jù)前文““Your son has felt just like that all the time. You scolded (訓(xùn)斥) him too often, so he didn't try any more. He was afraid of making mistakes. ””可知，父親在聽完醫(yī)生的話后，一瞬間就明白了。故選C。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1. 5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The government has awarded $5 million to three different local nonprofit organizations. The money will ____36____(distribute) over a four-year period and is aimed at helping approximately 1, 000 homeless people in the county of Arvada.
One agency, ____37____(base) in Woodbridge, is expected ____38____(receive) $1. 5 million. The agency director says that they will focus their resources on ____39____(educate) the homeless. “We will probably build another school-home with this money,” he said. “A school-home is exactly ____40____ it sounds like. It is a school and a home. We have already built four school-homes throughout the county. We get the homeless off the street, ____41____ we educate them so they don’t have to return to the street. We teach them how to be gardeners, painters, carpenters, bricklayers, electricians, and air-conditioning repairmen.”
“You wouldn’t believe ____42____ success that we have had. In fact, a couple of weeks ago, our office air-conditioning went out. My secretary called a repairman. To our surprise, the repairman ____43____(be) one of our first homeless students. He now owns his own air-conditioning business, plus two houses, two cars and a boat! He has a dozen employees. He’s doing better than I am. He fixed our air-conditioning ____44____ free. I think I might sign up for the air-conditioning class _____45_____(I). ”
【答案】36. be distributed
37. based 38. to receive
39. educating
40. what 41. and
42. the 43. was
44. for 45. myself
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。講述了政府向當(dāng)?shù)胤菭I利組織獎勵了500萬美元，這些錢將被用來幫助無家可歸的人，文章還具體講述了一家非盈利組織救助無家可歸者采取的措施以及取得的成功。
【36題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：這筆錢將在四年時間內(nèi)分發(fā)，目的是幫助阿瓦達(dá)縣大約1000名無家可歸的人。分析句子可知，distribute和will構(gòu)成謂語動詞，與主語The money是被動關(guān)系，空前有助動詞will，故用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)，故填be distributed。
【37題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：一家機(jī)構(gòu)，總部在Woodbridge，預(yù)計(jì)將獲得150萬美元。分析句子可知，“(base) in Woodbridge”作定語，base與One agency是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞，故填based。
【38題詳解】
考查不定式。句意同上。be expected to do sth.“被預(yù)計(jì)……”，用不定式作主語補(bǔ)足語，故填to receive。
【39題詳解】
考查動名詞。句意：該機(jī)構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)人表示，他們將把資源集中在教育無家可歸者上。介詞后接動名詞作賓語，故填educating。
【40題詳解】
考查表語從句。句意：一所“學(xué)校之家”就是它聽起來的樣子。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句like是介詞，缺少賓語，指物，用從屬連詞what引導(dǎo)表語從句，故填what。
【41題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：我們讓無家可歸的人離開街頭，我們教育他們，這樣他們就不必回到街頭。根據(jù)句意并分析句子可知，空處用連詞連接兩個句子，前后文是順承關(guān)系，故填and。
【42題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：你不會相信我們已經(jīng)取得的成功。修飾名詞用冠詞，根據(jù)句意此處特指“我們已經(jīng)取得的成功”，故填the。
【43題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：令我們吃驚的是，那個修理工是我們第一批無家可歸的學(xué)生之一。根據(jù)上文的“a couple of weeks ago”可知，此處講述過去發(fā)生的事情，用一般過去時，且主語the repairman是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，故填was。
【44題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：他免費(fèi)修理了我們的空調(diào)。for free“免費(fèi)地”是固定短語，根據(jù)句意，故填for。
【45題詳解】
考查代詞。句意：我想我也可以自己報(bào)名參加空調(diào)課。分析句子并根據(jù)句意可知，空處與主語指同一人，故用反身代詞作狀語，故填myself。
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
46. 你剛觀看了你校與英國一所友好學(xué)校聯(lián)合在線上舉辦的音樂會。請?jiān)诰€上留言板上寫一則評論，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 音樂會特點(diǎn)；
2. 觀看感受；
3. 意見建議。
注意：1. 寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
This online concert is absolutely fantastic.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】This online concert is absolutely fantastic.
The performers from the two schools have done their best in entertaining the audience with one song after another. Their performances are undoubtedly of high quality, which makes the concert almost no different from a live one. I enjoyed every second of the concert and was particularly attracted when the boys and girls from Britain started to sing the traditional Chinese song “Liang Zhu”. They performed the song in a way that touched my heart and gave me a feeling of connection. I hope there will be more opportunities in the future for us Chinese students and our international friends to learn about and from each other.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于開放作文。要求考生就學(xué)校與英國一所友好學(xué)校聯(lián)合在線上舉辦的音樂會，在線上留言板上寫一則評論。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
確定無疑地：undoubtedly→without doubt
尤其地：particularly→ especially
感動：touch→ move
希望：hope→ expect
2.句式拓展
同義句
原句：Their performances are undoubtedly of high quality, which makes the concert almost no different from a live one.
拓展句：There is no doubt that their performances are of high quality, which makes the concert almost no different from a live one.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】Their performances are undoubtedly of high quality, which makes the concert almost no different from a live one.（運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）
【高分句型2】I enjoyed every second of the concert and was particularly attracted when the boys and girls from Britain started to sing the traditional Chinese song “Liang Zhu”. （運(yùn)用了when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句）
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
47. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
My husband and I enjoy seeing life through the eyes of our children. It’s amazing to watch as they discover their world.
While we were outdoors last summer enjoying the sunshine, our oldest daughter, Kaytlin, called me to the doorway. Beneath the steps was a baby red squirrel.
We watched it from a distance, not wanting to disturb it or scare off its mother. But after a long wait—and looking all around our house for signs of a nest or a mother—we realized the tiny squirrel was lost.
Shaking terribly, he was weak, thin, and hungry. We tried to find an expert to help, but the Inland Fisheries and Wildlife website showed that there were no wildlife experts in our area. After some quick research, we concluded that the best way to give the squirrel a fighting chance was to care for him ourselves. So a trip to the local store for milk and supplies was in order. More research taught us how much to feed him, how to estimate his age, how and when to wean (斷奶) him, and that we should let him go as soon as he could survive on his own.
Our daughters and I took turns in feeding “Squirt.” Kaytlin took on the most responsibility. She taught him to eat from a bottle, and she woke in the night for his feeds.
To our relief, Squirt soon became healthy and strong. Within a few weeks he became more active. He would chatter (吱吱叫) for his next meal, playfully go around the girls, and lie down on them for sleep. It wasn’t long before he was weaned onto solid food and reintroduced to the wild.
His first few visits to the great outdoors were funny. Just like a child, he would play in the grass some and then run back to Kaytlin for safety. Soon she had him climbing trees and finding nest material.
注意：1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
One day in the trees, Squirt met up with a family of gray squirrels.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One night, Squirt didn’t come back to our house and it rained hard.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 One day in the trees, Squirt met up with a family of gray squirrels. But the family was none too happy about his visit. They scolded and swatted at him. At first Squirt was so unhappy that he avoided them. And then he quickly learned some social skills. He would take some snacks to meet them. For several days he played all day in the trees surrounding our house but came down at bedtime.
One night, Squirt didn’t come back to our house and it rained hard. Our girls fretted. They wanted to seek Squirt. We prevented them because it was too dangerous. But when the sun rose the next day, there was Squirt, begging for food. And that remained the pattern for weeks. The experience was entertaining and heartwarming for our family. In the wild and somewhat silly moments of raising an orphaned baby squirrel, our children learned to value and appreciate life.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者一家一天看到一只幼小的迷路的松鼠，他們決定收養(yǎng)它，看著這只小松鼠從瘦弱幼小，慢慢變的健康活潑，讓作者一家感覺既有趣又溫暖。
【詳解】1. 段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“一天，在樹林里，Squirt遇到了一個灰色松鼠家庭?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫Squirt遇到這一家灰松鼠的情況，Squirt如何與灰松鼠一家交往。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“一天晚上，Squirt沒有回到我們家，下起了大雨。”可知，第二段可描寫作者一家的擔(dān)心，和最后的結(jié)果，以及作者的感悟。
2. 續(xù)寫線索：遇到灰松鼠——與灰松鼠一家交往——沒有回家，擔(dān)心它——感悟
3. 詞匯激活
行為類
①責(zé)罵：scold/blame/rebuke
②拍打：swat/slap/hit
③尋找：seek/find/look for/search for
④阻止：prevent/put a stop to/head off
情緒類
①高興的：happy/delighted
②有趣的：entertaining/delightful/engrossing
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]At first Squirt was so unhappy that he avoided them.(so...that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句)
[高分句型2]But when the sun rose the next day, there was Squirt, begging for food.(when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)

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