?2023屆湖南省婁底市高考仿真模擬考試高三（四模）英語試題
學校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________

一、閱讀理解
Artwork Contest-Create a Character!
Are you an artist? Do you love testing your creative abilities? This may be the perfect contest for you! For this contest,we want you to create your own character. You must create a backstory for the character and give it a name make sure to leave these in the author’s notes section of your submission!
Your character must be completely original. Any character that is not created from your own idea and work will not be considered for the contest.
Rules:
·You must be a teen (aged 13-19) with a Teen Ink account to enter.
·No inappropriate content.
·Submissions must relate to the topic (Create a Character).
Guidelines and Details:
·All art mediums are accepted.
·There is no limit to the number of pieces you can submit.
·Give your character a name and backstory. Leave these in the “Author’s Comments”section of your submission.
How to Submit:
·Submit entries through our website. All entries submitted to Teen Ink are automatically considered for the contest. See our submission guidelines for more information. ·Include the words“Character Contest“ in your submission’s title.
·Submit your reviews to the “Artwork” category on our site. Select the art type that is relevant to what you are submitting.
Prizes:
·Honorable mentions will have their characters published in our magazine.
·The overall winner will receive a $ 200 Amazon gift card.
1．What is the requirement for your submission?
A．It must be original work. B．It must be about your own life.
C．It must include a story of yourself. D．It must include several characters.
2．Which of the following is there a limit to for your submission?
A．The form of art. B．The age of a participant.
C．The number of pieces submitted. D．The name given to your character.
3．What do we know about Teen Ink?
A．It’s a magazine. B．It’s an art club.
C．It’s an art school. D．It’s a student organization.

Michael Laffoon has a vivid memory of the day he decided to piece his life back together. “I literally woke up in my van(小貨車)and I thought . I can’t do this anymore because I’m going to die,’” he says. “It was just a strong feeling that I had come to the end of a chapter. ”
For eight years, the Santa Cruz, California resident drifted in and out of homelessness because of a serious drug addiction. It was a frustrating, impossible lifestyle. In 2009, Laffoon learned about Homeless Garden Project at a kitchen where he was volunteering. The not-for-profit aims to lift people living on the streets of Santa Cruz out of homelessness through farming. The end goal is that they will leave the farm with stable housing and a full-time job.
After a year and a half of being in the program, Laffoon was able to secure employment and stable housing. He later obtained a degree in horticulture(園藝學). “It was the first step back into normal society-the first open door,” he says.
Trainees are employed to grow fruit, vegetables, flowers and herbs on the farm. They get paid a wage, are given basic job skills training and are matched with a social worker to work through specific goals. The project has helped close to 1,000 people. Over the past five years, 96 percent of graduates have obtained jobs or stable income and 86 percent have found housing.
The project’s staffers say that the project has always had a strong element of community, which is central to the healing process of its trainees, as they often feel like they’ve lost their sense of belonging. Laffoon says that while he was homeless, he spent a lot of his time “trying to be invisible” and felt secluded from the rest of society. The project gave him meaningful work and a sense of belonging, which helped him get back on his feet.
Ella Fleming, the project’s farm manager, has seen how growing food can have a life-changing and inspirational impact on trainees. “We provide a place where it’s safe, it’s nurturing, it’s healthy and there’s an exchange that happens,” she says. “When you’re caring for a plant to try to get it to grow, you’re also giving yourself some self-care to know that you can grow,”she says.
4．What kind of person is Laffoon described as in the text?
A．A person who fights his drug addiction.
B．A person who has experienced homelessness.
C．A person who gets stable housing and a full-time job.
D．A person who benefits from Homeless Garden Project.
5．What is the purpose of Homeless Garden Project for homeless people?
A．To employ them to work on the farm.
B．To provide them with housing and work.
C．To enable them to make a living in society.
D．To give them opportunities for volunteering.
6．What does the underlined word “secluded” in paragraph 5 indicate?
A．Laffoon felt alone in the world. B．Laffoon felt sorry for himself.
C．Laffoon felt different from others. D．Laffoon felt unsatisfied with society.
7．Which of the following can best describe Homeless Garden Project?
A．It’s flexible. B．It’s enjoyable.
C．It’s inspiring. D．It’s comforting.

We grow up going to school and learning about “common core” subjects, along with others. We are also given information about things from the media, governments, and the Internet. We are conditioned by all of this information to see reality. But all that learning is not as important as it’s made out to be. In fact, it can be limiting you to a life of mediocrity (平庸).
The more you learn about things, whether they are true or not, the more rigid your reality becomes. The less possible certain things seem to be limiting your ability to imagine possibilities as a child does. This goes for information as well as applied activities.
This is not to say that you should not learn anything. The key is, you should be able to learn, unlearn, and relearn. You should be able to get rid of information that becomes contradicted by something with more evidence supporting it, and reprogram over things which no longer serve your continued evolution.
The sooner you allow yourself to go through the process of unlearning, the easier it will be to unlearn things which are limiting your ability to see things as the limitless possibilities they are. As Seneca once said,“The mind is slow to unlearn what it learned early. ” This is why you see old people become set in their ways,being imprisoned by the same beliefs they had in their youth. Once those beliefs are formed in the brain, it will take something extraordinary to reprogram over them.
You can go about unlearning by making a list of a few beliefs you have about things which you feel may be holding you back from evolving. Then explore what else is possible in regards to those areas and take action. When you come across information and receive greater understanding on something, make it a part of your reality and belief system.
Remind yourself that even though some new information has replaced what you believed was true and worth continuing to support, it may one day also be replaced by something even more consistent with truth and more helpful with your evolution.
Learning to unlearn is the highest form of learning. You will begin to notice you are growing once again.
8．When should you unlearn things?
A．When they become boring. B．When they are no longer helpful.
C．When they are against your beliefs. D．When they are difficult to learn.
9．What is the purpose of mentioning old people in paragraph 4?
A．To prove that the mind is slow to unlearn.
B．To prove that unlearning should be done early.
C．To show that it is hard for young people to unlearn.
D．To show that it’s unnecessary for old people to unlearn.
10．What message does the author intend to get to us in paragraph 6?
A．Unlearning never ends. B．Unlearning requires patience.
C．Unlearning is a slow process. D．Unlearning may be unsuccessful.
11．What advice can be given according to the concept of unlearning?
A．Never learn useless things. B．Always believe in yourself.
C．Always seek something better. D．Never try to get too much.

Not only do we humans enjoy talking-and talking a lot-we also do so in very different ways: about 6,000 languages are spoken today worldwide. How this wealth of expression developed, however, largely remains unknown. A group of researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics have now found that word-orders in languages from different language families develop differently.
This contradicts the common understanding that word-order develops in accordance with a set of universal rules, applicable to all languages. The researchers have concluded that languages do not primarily follow innate(固有的) rules of language processing in the brain. Rather, sentence structure is determined by the historical context in which a language develops.
The researchers analysed 301 languages from four major language families: Austronesian, Indo-European, Bantu and Uto-Aztecan. They focused on the order of the different sentence parts, such as “verb-object”, “preposition-noun”, or “relative clause-noun”, and whether their position in the sentence influenced the other parts of the sentence. In this way, the researchers wanted to find out whether the position of the verb has other syntactic(句法的) consequences: if the verb is placed before the object, for example, “The player kicks the ball”, is the preposition also placed before the noun (“into the goal”)? Such a pattern is observed in many languages, but is it a common feature of how languages develop?
“Our study shows that different processes occur in different language families,” says Michael Dunn,the lead researcher. “The evolution of language does not follow one universal set of rules.” For example, the “verb-object” pattern influences the “preposition-noun” pattern in the Austronesian and Indo-European languages, but not in the same way, and not in the other two language families.
“Cultural evolution has much more influence on language development than universal factors. Language structure is apparently not so much biologically determined as it is shaped by its ancestry,” says Michael Dunn.
12．What does the underlined “This” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．People enjoy talking a lot in different ways.
B．About 6,000 languages are spoken today worldwide.
C．The group of researchers at the Max Planck Institute.
D．Word-orders in different languages develop differently.
13．Why did the researchers analyse the 301 languages?
A．To find out which language family they belonged to.
B．To find out whether they had an influence on sports.
C．To find out how sentences in them were formed.
D．To find out whether they developed the same way or not.
14．What can be known from the study about the language development?
A．It’s a natural process. B．It’s a cultural process.
C．It’s a universal process. D．It’s a biological process.
15．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．How Languages Changed in History
B．What Rules Language Development Obeys
C．Historical Context Guides Language Development
D．Sentence Structure Determines Language Development


二、七選五
Communicating with Nature
The natural world is amazing. In fact, it is one that you can have a “conversation” with. ____16____Apart from the obvious-that it’s an enjoyable, uplifting thing to do-you may seek to communicate with nature to benefit your mental health, for example.
When you arrive at your chosen spot, sit quietly for a few moments. ____17____Just talk in your head as you would to someone you’re opening a conversation with. “Hey, I’m Nikki. How are you doing today? Do you have time for a chat?” It doesn’t matter what you say, so long as you say it with an open heart, and you make it clear that you’re inviting communication.
____18____A million ways. You may notice a particular animal or insect coming closer to you and communicating energetically. You may notice a rhythm (韻律) or a pattern in the sound of the water or of the wind. Be mindful of what’s going on around you, be part of the natural world——you’ll soon notice so many ways in which your answers may come.
The first few times you attempt this exercise, you probably won’t see, hear or notice anything you choose to interpret as communication. ____19____If you practice this on a regular basis, however, you will start to pick things up. As you become more and more familiar with the oneness of yourself and the world around you, you will sense and understand more about what will occur during your “conversations”.
____20____There should be some benefit to nature, just as there is a benefit to you. When your time is over and you’re ready to leave, say thank you energetically and in your mind, but also say thank you in a practical way. Leave the area in a better state than you found it, for example, by picking up rubbish on your way out.
A．That’s OK. It doesn’t happen overnight.
B．How will you know if nature responds to you?
C．Communication with nature should be a two-way street.
D．And then ask to communicate with the nature around you.
E．How can you start communicating with the natural world?
F．It just depends on what you choose for your “conversation”.
G．You may be wondering why you might want to communicate with nature.


三、完形填空
I’m a bird lover. I’ve____21____a lot of photographs of birds, among which is a photograph of a hawk (鷹) that I really like. I know when you look at a photograph of a hawk your first thoughts are not of____22____. But without it, this photograph would not____23____
Early one morning, I drove to Dacula to____24____the birds at Little Mulberry Park. I arrived well before sunrise, so I waited in my car until finally it started to get____25____. I got out of my car and immediately heard the geese making all kinds of noise from the lake.
As I____26____around a bend, I stopped in____27____. There before me was a beautiful red-shouldered hawk sitting on a post. I started photographing him, and then heard the footsteps of joggers behind me. I turned and asked if they would____28____waiting or walking on the other side of the road so they would not____29____the hawk off. I was deeply_____30_____when they said they could go in the other direction. The road is 2. 2 miles around the lake, and they_____31_____and continued their running.
Because the joggers were kind enough to_____32_____that for me, I was able to photograph the hawk for 20 minutes. The first two joggers had actually jogged the whole road and were _____33_____ to where I first met them. I thanked them again.
I am thankful that the joggers showed kindness to me. It was something so _____34_____, but it meant getting my shot. They were willing to put me before_____35_____.
21．A．bought B．found C．taken D．checked
22．A．kindness B．weakness C．confidence D．wisdom
23．A．develop B．exist C．help D．continue
24．A．compare B．train C．protect D．photograph
25．A．warmer B．colder C．lighter D．darker
26．A．walked B．drove C．stood D．rode
27．A．a(chǎn)mazement B．puzzlement C．trouble D．peace
28．A．a(chǎn)void B．delay C．enjoy D．mind
29．A．see B．keep C．scare D．push
30．A．inspired B．touched C．embarrassed D．a(chǎn)stonished
31．A．stepped forward B．turned-left C．stepped-out D．turned around
32．A．say B．do C．leave D．hold
33．A．up B．inside C．a(chǎn)way D．back
34．A．small B．unique C．brilliant D．practical
35．A．others B．everything C．themselves D．everybody


四、用單詞的適當形式完成短文
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Hua’er, which literally means flower in Chinese, is known as a type of “mountain songs” and has been wildly popular in ____36____(China) Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia and Xinjiang for hundreds of years.
Growing up listening to Hua’er, Sa Lina, 36, has been engaged in this ____37____(tradition) art for almost 20 years. After graduating from a secondary school in 2005, Sa returned to her home county of Haiyuan in Ningxia and became a member of a local art group. Soon she was given a chance ____38____(sing) with Ma Handong, a famous singer of Hua’er.
“I had never sung Hua’er before, so I listened and sang along with the tapes, and ____39____ my surprise, I soon fell in love with it,” she said.
Since then, Sa has devoted ____40____(she) to mastering the folk art from learning from Ma the techniques and skills used in performances, attending performances given by other well-known singers, practicing singing Hua’er whenever possible, to ____41____(study) its origin and history.
“Maybe because I was born here, Hua’er is in my blood and bones and I ____42____(learn) it quite fast,” said Sa. At the age of 27, she ____43____(name) an inheritor(傳承人) of Hua’er, becoming ____44____ youngest inheritor of this traditional art at the time.
“What people long for in their hearts can be best expressed by singing a song. Just _____45_____ the old saying goes, Hua’er reflects one’s heart and people can’t help singing it,” said the artist.


五、邀請信
46．假定你是李華，你們班計劃本周末去登山。Mike是你的英國留學生朋友，請給他寫一郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
1．邀請對方參加這次周末活動；
2．登山活動的好處。
注意：
1．寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；
2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
Dear Mike,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

六、讀后續(xù)寫
47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
My husband and I wandered the tropical gardens of San Diego’s Bahia Resort Hotel. We came to a large pool. A wet nose appeared out of the water and a seal(海豹)climbed up onto a rock to greet us. “Look!” I cried, delighted.
“Her name is Gracie,” my husband said, reading a sign by the fence that enclosed the pool. A moment later, another seal swam past. “And that must be Billy,” he added.
Gracie dove back into the water and chased after Billy. We watched in wonder as they raced around the pool happily.
The next day I found myself back at the seals’ pool. Gracie and Billy were enjoying the morning sunshine on a large rock. I was surprised to learn that Gracie and Billy were blind.
They were thought to have suffered a head injury in stormy Alaska waters, which caused them to lose their sight. They needed to be taught to survive in a world of darkness. I felt sorry for them, as they could no longer return to the sea.
At the same time, I was amazed how they had adapted to their new environment. They moved easily and beautifully, their lack of sight seeming to be no problem at all. I spent hours watching them playing happily in the pool, nosing large red and blue balls.
Three years later, in spring 2020, a serious illness damaged my eyes, making me almost blind. My eyes had to be protected from sunlight, so I couldn’t go outside. I sat in my bedroom with the shades drawn, unable to read or even watch television. I was terrified. What if I lost my sight completely? How would I possibly manage? I felt so depressed that I began to lose hope.
注意：
1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右;
2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
Then I remembered something that gave me the hope I needed.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
So I made up my mind to live like those two seals.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案：
1．A 2．B 3．A

【導語】本文是應用文。文章主要介紹一場藝術作品比賽的具體情況和要求。
1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Your character must be completely original.(你的角色必須是完全原創(chuàng)的。)”可知，比賽要求作品創(chuàng)作的角色必須是完全原創(chuàng)的。故選A。
2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Rules部分“You must be a teen(aged 13—l9) with a Teen Ink account to enter. (您必須是擁有青少年墨跡帳戶的青少年（13-19歲）才能進入。)”可知，要求參賽者的年齡是13-19歲的青少年。故選B。
3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)How to Submit部分“All entries submitted to Teen Ink are automatically considered for the contest. (所有提交給青少年墨跡的參賽作品都會自動被考慮參加比賽。)”和Prizes部分“Honorable mentions will have their characters published in our magazine. (榮譽人物將在我們的雜志上發(fā)表。)”可知，青少年墨跡是一家雜志社。故選A。
4．D 5．C 6．A 7．C

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個非營利性組織Homeless Garden Project，通過提供培訓幫助無家可歸的人們種植技術，從而得到穩(wěn)定的居所和正常的生活。
4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“After a year and a half of being in the program, Laffoon was able to secure employment and stable housing. He later obtained a degree in horticulture(園藝學). “It was the first step back into normal society-the first open door,” he says.(在參加了一年半的項目后，Laffoon獲得了工作和穩(wěn)定的住房。他后來獲得了園藝學位。‘這是回歸正常社會的第一步——打開的第一扇門，’他說到)”可知，本文主要介紹一個慈善項目Homeless Garden Project，Laffoon一開始因毒癮而居無定所，生活沒有保障，參加了這個項目后，生活有了很好的改觀，由此可知，他受益于該項目。故選D項。
5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“The not-for-profit aims to lift people living on the streets of Santa Cruz out of homelessness through farming. The end goal is that they will leave the farm with stable housing and a full-time job. (這家非營利組織旨在通過農(nóng)業(yè)來幫助圣克魯斯街頭的無家可歸者。最終目標是，他們離開農(nóng)場后，有穩(wěn)定的住房和一份全職工作)”可知，這個組織主要是幫助無家可歸的人們學到種植技術，從而能夠自己謀生。故選C項。
6．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Laffoon says that while he was homeless, he spent a lot of his time ‘trying to be invisible’(Laffoon說，當他無家可歸時，他花了很多時間試圖隱身)”可知，他無家可歸時，是沒有社會交往的，被人忽視，由此可知，他應該是孤獨的，沒有歸屬感，與周圍社區(qū)居民是沒有交往的。故選A項。
7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“When you’re caring for a plant to try to get it to grow, you’re also giving yourself some self-care to know that you can grow(當你照顧一棵植物，試圖讓它生長時，你也在給自己一些自我照顧，讓自己知道自己可以生長)”可知，該項目負責任說。他們主要是讓這些人在學習種植照顧植物的過程中，找到信心，相信自己只要努力也會成長，越來越好。由此可知，這個項目是通過激勵啟發(fā)的方式讓這些人獲得謀生能力。故選C項。
8．B 9．B 10．A 11．C

【導語】這是一篇議論文。文章講述了對于“unlearning”這種舍棄原先所學，以重新學習更好的東西的學習方式，做得越早，就越容易做。
8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“You should be able to get rid of information that becomes contradicted by something with more evidence supporting it, and reprogram over things which no longer serve your continued evolution.(你應該能夠擺脫那些與有更多證據(jù)支持它的東西相矛盾的信息，并重新編程那些不再為你的持續(xù)進化服務的東西。)”可知，當你學習的東西不再有幫助時，你應該拋棄它們。故選B。
9．推理判斷題。第四段中“The sooner you allow yourself to go through the process of unlearning, the easier it will be to unlearn things which are limiting your ability to see things as the limitless possibilities they are.(你越早允許自己完成忘記的過程，就越容易忘記那些限制你看到事物無限可能性的東西。)”為論點，基本內(nèi)容為：對于“unlearning”這種舍棄原先所學，以重新學習更好的東西的學習方式，做得越早，就越容易做?！癆s Seneca once said, The mind is slow to unlearn what it learned early. This is why you see old people become set in their ways, being imprisoned by the same beliefs they had in their youth. Once those beliefs are formed in the brain, it will take something extraordinary to reprogram over them.(正如塞內(nèi)加曾經(jīng)說過的：“頭腦是不容易忘記早期所學的東西的?！边@就是為什么你會看到老年人變得固步自封，被他們年輕時的信仰所禁錮。一旦這些信念在大腦中形成，就需要一些非凡的東西來重新編程。)”則為論據(jù)：舍棄早先所學的東西，這在大腦中是一個緩慢的過程。所以人若老了，思維便固化了，易受年輕時所形成的信念的束縛，就很難去進行“unlearning”了。所以本段提到“old people”，其目的是引出支撐論點的論據(jù)。故選B。
10．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第六段“Remind yourself that even though some new information has replaced what you believed was true and worth continuing to support, it may one day also be replaced by something even more consistent with truth and more helpful with your evolution.( 提醒自己，即使一些新的信息已經(jīng)取代了你認為是正確的、值得繼續(xù)支持的東西，但它可能有一天也會被一些更符合事實、對你的進化更有幫助的東西取代。)”可知，本段的基本意思是今天用來取代舊事物的新事物有朝一日又會被更好的事物所取代，言下之意是這種取代的過程是不斷持續(xù)的。故選A。
11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“The sooner you allow yourself to go through the process of unlearning, the easier it will be to unlearn things which are limiting your ability to see things as the limitless possibilities they are.(你越早允許自己完成忘記的過程，就越容易忘記那些限制你看到事物無限可能性的東西。)”和第六段“Remind yourself that even though some new information has replaced what you believed was true and worth continuing to support, it may one day also be replaced by something even more consistent with truth and more helpful with your evolution.( 提醒自己，即使一些新的信息已經(jīng)取代了你認為是正確的、值得繼續(xù)支持的東西，但它可能有一天也會被一些更符合事實、對你的進化更有幫助的東西取代。)”可知，“unlearning”的基本概念是舍棄原先所學，以便重新學習更好的東西。由此可推知，“unlearning”的概念建議永遠追求更好的東西。故選C。
12．D 13．D 14．B 15．C

【導語】本文是說明文。文章主要講述歷史語境指導語言的發(fā)展。
12．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“A group of researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics have now found that word-orders in languages from different language families develop differently. (馬克斯·普朗克心理語言學研究所的一組研究人員現(xiàn)在發(fā)現(xiàn)，不同語系的語言中的語序發(fā)展不同。)”和第二段“This contradicts the common understanding that word-order develops in accordance with a set of universal rules, applicable to all languages. (這與普遍的理解相矛盾，即語序是根據(jù)一套適用于所有語言的普遍規(guī)則發(fā)展的。)”可知，此處的This指上段中的“word-orders in languages from different language families develop differently(不同語系的語言中的語序發(fā)展不同)”。故選D。
13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“The researchers analysed 301 languages from four major language families: Austronesian, Indo-European, Bantu and Uto-Aztecan. ... Such a pattern is observed in many languages, but is it a common feature of how languages develop? (研究人員分析了來自四個主要語系的301種語言：南島語系、印歐語系、班圖語系和烏托阿茲特克語系?！谠S多語言中都可以觀察到這種模式，但這是語言發(fā)展的共同特征嗎？)”可知，研究人員對這些語言中句子的詞序進行研究，看這些語言的發(fā)展過程是否相同。故選D。
14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Cultural evolution has much more influence on language development than universal factors. (文化進化對語言發(fā)展的影響遠大于普遍因素。)”可知，語言的發(fā)展也是文化進化的過程。故選B。
15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“The researchers have concluded that languages do not primarily follow innate(固有的) rules of language processing in the brain. Rather, sentence structure is determined by the historical context in which a language develops. (研究人員得出的結(jié)論是，語言并不是主要遵循大腦中語言處理的固有規(guī)則。相反，句子結(jié)構是由語言發(fā)展的歷史語境決定的。)”可知，這篇文章主要講述歷史語境指導語言發(fā)展，C項“歷史語境引導語言發(fā)展”適合做文章標題，故選C。


16．G 17．D 18．B 19．A 20．C

【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是與自然交流的好處和方法。
16．空前說“The natural world is amazing. In fact, it is one that you can have a “conversation” with.(事實上，它是一個你可以與之“交談”的對象。)”，說明我們可以和大自然交流，空后說“Apart from the obvious-that it’s an enjoyable, uplifting thing to do-you may seek to communicate with nature to benefit your mental health, for example.(除了顯而易見的——這是一件令人愉快、令人振奮的事情——還有，例如，你可能會尋求與大自然交流，從而有益于你的心理健康。)”，這是在說與自然交流的目的，G選項“You may be wondering why you might want to communicate with nature.(你可能想知道為什么你想和大自然交流。)”引出下文與自然交流的目的，因此承上啟下，符合語境。故選G。
17．空前說“When you arrive at your chosen spot, sit quietly for a few moments.(當你到達你選定的地點，靜靜地坐一會兒。)”，空后說“Just talk in your head as you would to someone you’re opening a conversation with.(就像和你要開始談話的人一樣，在腦子里說話。)”，說明此處是在說與自然交流的過程，空格處應該承接空前的內(nèi)容，說然后該怎么做，D選項“And then ask to communicate with the nature around you.(然后要求與你周圍的自然交流。)”是與自然交流的一個步驟，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選D。
18．空后說“A million ways. You may notice a particular animal or insect coming closer to you and communicating energetically. You may notice a rhythm (韻律) or a pattern in the sound of the water or of the wind.(千百萬種方法。你可能會注意到一個特定的動物或昆蟲向你靠近，并積極地交流。你可能會注意到水聲或風聲中的節(jié)奏或模式。)”，這是在說自然回應你的方式，因此空格處應該是提問你如何知道自然在回應你，B選項“How will you know if nature responds to you?(你怎么知道大自然對你的反應呢？)”提出該如何知道大自然在回應你，因此引起下文，符合語境，故選B。
19．空前說“The first few times you attempt this exercise, you probably won’t see, hear or notice anything you choose to interpret as communication.(在你嘗試這個練習的前幾次，你可能不會看到、聽到或注意到任何你選擇解釋為交流的東西。)”，說明剛開始你可能感覺不到你在和大自然交流，空后說“If you practice this on a regular basis, however, you will start to pick things up.(然而，如果你定期練習，你就會開始掌握一些東西。)”說明這是需要練習的，也就是需要時間，A選項“That’s OK. It doesn’t happen overnight.(沒關系。這不是一夜之間發(fā)生的。)”說明與自然交流是需要時間練習的，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選A。
20．空后說“There should be some benefit to nature, just as there is a benefit to you.(對自然應該有一些好處，就像對你有好處一樣。)”，說明與自然交流是對你和對自然都有好處的，也就是雙向的，C選項“Communication with nature should be a two-way street.(與自然的交流應該是雙向的。)”說明了與自然交流是雙向的，因此引起下文，符合語境，故選C。

21．C 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．A 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．B 31．D 32．B 33．D 34．A 35．C

【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述在一群善良的跑步者的幫助下，作者有幸拍下一只鷹的照片。雖然第一眼看不出，但這張照片確實展示了善良。
21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我拍了很多鳥的照片，其中有一張我非常喜歡的鷹的照片。A. bought購買；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.taken帶，拿；D.checked檢查。根據(jù)“I know when you look at a photograph of a hawk”推知，作者拍攝了很多鳥的照片，其中有一張是一只鷹。take photographs“拍照”。故選C。
22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道當你看到一張鷹的照片時，你首先想到的不是善意。A. kindness善良；B. weakness弱點；C. confidence信心；D. wisdom智慧。根據(jù)下文講述的故事可知，人們看到鷹的照片不會想到背后那個善良的故事。且下文“I am thankful that the joggers showed kindness to me.”也是提示。故選A。
23．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但如果沒有它，這張照片就不存在了。A. develop發(fā)展，開發(fā)；B. exist存在；C. help幫助；D. continue繼續(xù)。根據(jù)下文講述的故事可知，如果沒有跑步者的善良，作者就不會拍到這只鷹的照片，即沒有善良，照片就不存在。故選B。
24．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一天清晨，我驅(qū)車前往達庫拉，在小桑樹公園拍攝鳥類。A. compare比較；B. train訓練；C. protect保護；D. photograph拍攝。根據(jù)下文“I started photographing him”可知，作者去公園拍鳥的照片。故選D。
25．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我早在日出前就到了，所以我在車里等著，直到車終于開始變亮。A. warmer更暖和的；B. colder更老的；C. lighter更輕的，更亮的；D. darker更暗的。根據(jù)“I arrived well before sunrise”可知，作者等天慢慢變亮。故選C。
26．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我步行繞過一個彎道時，我驚訝地停了下來。A. walked步行；B. drove駕駛；C. stood站立，忍受；D. rode騎，搭乘。根據(jù)上文“I got out of my car”可知，作者走出車，步行繞過了一個彎道。故選A。
27．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. amazement驚訝；B. puzzlement困惑；C. trouble麻煩；D. peace和平。根據(jù)下句“There before me was a beautiful red-shouldered hawk sitting on a post.”可知，眼前的情景讓作者驚訝。故選A。
28．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我轉(zhuǎn)過身來問他們是否介意等著或走在路的另一邊，這樣他們就不會嚇跑老鷹了。A. avoid避免，避開；B. delay推遲；C. enjoy喜歡，享受；D. mind介意。根據(jù)“I started photographing him, and then heard the footsteps of joggers behind me.”推知，作者客氣地要求人群等等或者走路的另一邊，即問他們是否介意走路的另一邊。故選D。
29．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. see看見；B. keep保持；C. scare使害怕，驚嚇；D. push推。根據(jù)“if they would　　8　　waiting or walking on the other side of the road”推知，作者提出這樣的要求，是為了避免嚇走老鷹。故選C。
30．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當他們說他們可以朝另一個方向走時，我深受感動。A. inspired鼓舞；B.touched感動；C.embarrassed使尷尬；D.astonished震驚。根據(jù)“they could go in the other direction.”可知，作者被眾人的行為感動了。故選B。
31．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：這條路繞湖2.2英里，他們轉(zhuǎn)過身繼續(xù)跑。A.stepped forward向前走；B.turned left左轉(zhuǎn)；C.stepped out離開，退出；D.turned around轉(zhuǎn)身。根據(jù)上文“in the other direction”可知，跑步的人轉(zhuǎn)身朝反方向跑。故選D。
32．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因為慢跑者對我很友善，所以我能拍這只鷹20分鐘。A. say說；B. do做；C.leave離開；D.hold持有。結(jié)合上文語境可知，此處“do that”指上文“ran in the other direction”這件事。故選B。
33．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：前兩個慢跑者實際上已經(jīng)慢跑了整個路線，然后又回到了我第一次見到他們的地方。A. up向上；B. inside在里面；C. away遠離；D. back在后面，回來。根據(jù)上文“The road is 2.2 miles around the lake”可知，跑步者們是繞湖跑步，這時又跑回到原地。故選D。
34．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一件很小的事情，但這意味著我可以拍攝。A. small小的；B. unique唯一的，獨特的；C. brilliant明亮的，聰穎的；D. practical實際的，實踐的。結(jié)合上文故事可知，在作者看來，跑步者們選擇另外的方向跑步雖然是件小事，但這意味著可以拍下照片。故選A。
35．考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：他們愿意把我放在第一位。A. others其他；B. everything每件事；C. themselves他們自己；D. everybody人人。根據(jù)上文故事可知，為了讓作者拍照，跑步者們改變了跑步路線，他們把作者放在自己的前面，即首先考慮作者而非他們自己。故選C。

36．China’s 37．traditional 38．to sing 39．to 40．herself 41．studying 42．learned/learnt 43．was named 44．the 45．a(chǎn)s

【導語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹在中國的青海、甘肅、寧夏和新疆流行了數(shù)百年的山歌《花兒》。
36．考查名詞所有格。句意：花兒，在中文中的字面意思是花，被稱為“山歌”的一種，在中國的青海、甘肅、寧夏和新疆流行了數(shù)百年。分析句子結(jié)構和意思可知，這里需要用名詞China的所有格形式作定語，修飾后面的名詞Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia and Xinjiang，表示所屬關系。故填China’s。
37．考查形容詞。句意：36歲的薩麗娜從小聽著花兒長大，從事這門傳統(tǒng)藝術已經(jīng)近20年了。分析句子結(jié)構和意思可知，這里需要形容詞作定語，修飾后面的名詞art。故填traditional。
38．考查非謂語動詞。句意：很快，她有機會與花兒的著名歌手馬漢東一起演唱。分析句子結(jié)構和意思可知，名詞chance需要動詞不定式作后置定語。故填to sing。
39．考查固定短語。句意：她說：“我以前從來沒有唱過花兒，所以我聽了，跟著磁帶一起唱。令我驚訝的是，我很快就愛上了它?！狈治鼍渥咏Y(jié)構和意思可知，這里考查固定短語to my surprise，意為“令我驚訝的是”。故填to。
40．考查反身代詞。句意：從那時起，Sa一直致力于掌握民間藝術，從向Ma學習表演中使用的技巧和技巧，參加其他知名歌手的表演，盡可能練習唱花兒，到研究其起源和歷史。分析句子結(jié)構和意思可知，devote oneself to固定搭配，意為“致力于……”，這里需要反身代詞，作賓語，意為“她自己”。故填herself。
41．考查非謂語動詞。句意：見第5題詳解。分析句子結(jié)構和意思可知，空格前面的to是介詞，后面用動名詞形式，作賓語。故填studying。
42．考查謂語動詞。句意：Sa說：“也許因為我出生在這里，花兒在我的血液和骨骼中，我很快就學會了。”分析句子結(jié)構和意思可知，這句話描述的是過去的事情，謂語用一般過去時。故填learned/learnt。
43．考查謂語動詞。句意：27歲時，她被命名為花兒的一名繼承人，成為當時最年輕的花兒傳統(tǒng)藝術傳承人。分析句子結(jié)構和意思可知，這句話描述的是過去的事情，謂語動詞name和主語she是被動關系，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構，be動詞用was。故填was named。
44．考查冠詞。句意：見第8題詳解。分析句子結(jié)構和意思可知，最高級前應用the來修飾。故填the。
45．考查定語從句。句意：正如老話所說，花兒反映了一個人的內(nèi)心，人們?nèi)滩蛔∫鰜?。分析句子結(jié)構和意思可知，　　10　　 the old saying goes是非限制性定語從句，先行詞是整個主句的內(nèi)容，從句位于主語前面，表示“正如”，用關系代詞as引導。故填as。
46．Dear Mike,
I’m writing to invite you to join my class in our weekend activity. This weekend we are going to climb a hill in the country. Climbing hills, as you know, is a good form of exercise that not only builds up the body but also makes us feel relaxed after a week’s hard work while appreciating the beautiful natural scenery on the way. Just imagine looking far into the distance at the top of the hill! So, be sure not to miss such a great opportunity.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【導語】本文是應用文。要求考生邀請英國留學生朋友Mike參加周末去登山的活動。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
鍛煉身體：build up the body→exercise
放松的：relaxed→light
欣賞：appreciate→enjoy
機會：opportunity→chance
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：I’m writing to invite you to join my class in our weekend activity.
拓展句：I’m writing this letter so that I can invite you to join my class in our weekend activity.
【點睛】【高分句型1】Climbing hills, as you know, is a good form of exercise that not only builds up the body but also makes us feel relaxed after a week’s hard work while appreciating the beautiful natural scenery on the way.（由as引導的非限制性定語從句和while引導的時間狀語從句的省略）
【高分句型2】Just imagine looking far into the distance at the top of the hill!（由動名詞短語作賓語的結(jié)構）
47．參考范文
Then I remembered something that gave me the hope I needed. Yes, I thought of the two seals. They got used to their new life in the pool regardless of the great changes when they were unable to go back to the sea where they were supposed to be. What’s more, they managed to enjoy a happy life though they lived in darkness as a result of their blindness. Now I was faced with the same situation. Luckily, the two seals had set a good example for me.
So I made up my mind to live like those two seals. Though I was kept from the outside world, I did find pleasure in my small world, enjoying chatting with friends, singing with my family, listening to music, and eating delicious food. The seals’ diving and swimming around their pool reminded me of exercise. So I climbed up and down the stairs every morning to keep fit. Eventually I became confident again about myself. Thanks to my two inspiring friends, I learned how to enjoy life when going through a difficult time.
【導語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者和丈夫在一個泳池里看到兩頭海豹開心地玩耍，卻很驚訝地得知，它們已經(jīng)失明，再也不能回到大海，作者感嘆于它們可以適應黑暗，仍然生活得很快樂。三年后，作者也因病幾乎失明，很害怕，情緒低落。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“然后我想起了一件給了我希望的事。”可知，第一段可描寫作者想到了三年前見到的那兩只失明的海豹，回憶起它們接受命運給與的苦難，適應黑暗并開心地生活玩耍。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“所以我下定決心要像那兩只海豹一樣生活?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫作者決定積極生活，融入社會，強身健體，實現(xiàn)自我價值。
2.續(xù)寫線索：想到失明的海豹——反思自己——決定向海豹學習——調(diào)整心態(tài)——積極生活——感悟
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①習慣于：get used to/get accustomed to/adapt to
②想起：think of/remember/recall
③返回：get back to/return to
情緒類
①.感謝：thanks to/owing to/showing my appreciation to/show my gratitude to/be grateful to
②.積極：become confident/act positively
【點睛】[高分句型1]. They got used to their new life in the pool regardless of the great changes when they were unable to go back to the sea where they were supposed to be.（由連接詞when引導的時間狀語從句及where引導的定語從句）
[高分句型2].Though I was kept from the outside world, I did find pleasure in my small world, enjoying chatting with friends, singing with my family, listening to music, and eating delicious food. （由though引導的讓步狀語從句及分詞作狀語）
[高分句型3].Thanks to my two inspiring friends, I learned how to enjoy life when going through a difficult time.（when引導的時間狀語從句的省略）

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