
專題 06《語 法 填 空》
1.掌握語法填空的考點;2.掌握語法填空的技巧;3.在練習中舉一反三。
語言基礎知識:考查詞法、句法語法知識:考查單詞詞性、動詞時態(tài)、名詞單復數(shù)、冠詞等語篇邏輯:考查上下文之間的 連接詞,代詞等
1. 純空格試題的解題技巧主要是填冠詞、介詞、連詞(含從屬連詞和并列連詞)等虛詞以及代詞等。第一步:分析句子結構,根據(jù)句子所缺成分確定填哪類詞或詞性;第二步: 根據(jù)句子意思或固定搭配,確定具體填什么詞。
2. 給出提示詞的解題技巧主要是判斷動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、三單;形容詞、副詞的比較級、最高級等。第一步:略讀全文,找準時態(tài)。(針對動詞)第二步:分析句子結構,確定所給詞在句中的成分。第三步:根據(jù)語法基本原則,判斷該做何種變化。
3形容詞(Adjectives)
4副詞(Adverbs)
7介詞(Prepsitins)
9 冠詞(Articles)
8數(shù)詞(Numerals)
10感嘆詞(Interjectins)
6連詞(Cnjunctins)
5代詞(Prnuns)
名詞(一般位于動詞前作主語、動詞或介詞后作賓語、或前有定語修飾時)
形容詞(一般位于be動詞、系動詞之后作表語或名詞之前作定語時)
副詞(一般緊接動詞前后、形容詞前或句尾作狀語時)
不可數(shù)名詞(無單復數(shù))
人稱代詞:主格 賓格(一般位于動詞、介詞后)
形容詞性物主代詞(一般位于名詞前)
形容詞詞尾一般沒有-ly,而副詞詞尾常有-ly
many,a lt f,lts f,kinds f等后用復數(shù)
一般過去時(常見標志有yesterday,last week/year…,just nw,ag等)
一般現(xiàn)在時(常見標志有ften,always,every day/year…等)
現(xiàn)在進行時(常見標志有l(wèi)k,listen,nw等)
一般將來時(常見標志有tmrrw,next day/year…等)
特殊的名詞——動名詞,即動詞的-ing形式,這時動詞常位于介詞之后
一、常見人稱代詞和物主代詞的考察:
1.形容詞性物主代詞后加名詞,名詞性物主代詞后不加名詞。(1)___(he) shirt is the same clur as ______(my).(2) I ften brush _____(me) teeth every evening.(3) This is my hat.That is _____(yu).2.動詞和介詞后用人稱代詞賓格。(1) He gives an apple t _____(I).(2) She sent _____(we) several letters last mnth.
【答案】:1. His,mine 1. me2.my 2. us3.yurs
二、常見可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞的考察:
1.可數(shù)名詞單復數(shù)以及不可數(shù)名詞的考察。若為名詞,應注意其單復數(shù)、可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)及其所有格形式;1)There?are?three_____________(chair)?in?the?classrm.?2)These_____________?(tmat)?are?red.???3)My?brther?lks?after?tw_____________?(baby)???4)My?father?likes?t?eat_____________?(meat).??5)I?have?a?lt?f?_____________?(ty)?in?my?bedrm.???6)Happy _________ (child) Day!
【答案】:1. chairs2. tmates3. babies4. meat5. tys6. Children's
三、常見單獨時態(tài)考察:
1.現(xiàn)在進行時,標志詞:nw Lk! Listen!(1)Lk, the bys______(swim) in the river. (2)Listen, they_______(sing)in the next classrm.2.一般現(xiàn)在時的肯定句,否定句,一般疑問句考察。(3)______he _______(d) his hmewrk every evening?(4)We_____(nt have) a picnic n the weekend.(5)He _______(run)as fast as me.
3.一般過去時,動詞過去式以及否定句,疑問句的考察。(6)Yesterday,she_____(buy) a bk at the bkstre.(7)He______(nt d) his hmewrk yesterday evening.(8)______they_______(clean)the classrm last week?2.一般將來時結構考察。(9)I am ging ______(see) a film this weekend.(10)He will_____(study) Chinese next year.(11)She ________(nt g)t schl tmrrw,because she is ill .
【答案】:1.are swimming singing 7.didn't d3.Des,d 8.Did,clean4.dn't have 9.t see5.runs 't g
四、常見混合時態(tài)考察:
1.一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時綜合考察。(1)Then my schl _____(nt have) a cmputers, nw there_____(be)lts f cmputers in my schl.(2)Yesterday I _____(take) sme medicine,I _____(be) well nw.
【答案】:1. didn’t have; are 2. tk; am
五、常見動詞固定詞組搭配:
1.like+ v.-ingShe likes_______ (sing) every +v.-ingThey enjy______(g) t +v.(原形)He wants _____(play) ftball n like t +v.(原形)I wuld like _____(have) sandwiches fr lunch.
【答案】:1.singing 2.ging 3.t play 4.t have
六、常見形容詞和副詞的考察:
1.形容詞副詞的原級用法以及形容詞副詞的轉換1.The by was _______ . He laugh _______(excited) did the wrk very __________.(care)3.We shuld readin the library ______ . (quiet)4.The students are sweeping ________(careful) mther is very ____________ (beautifully) girl likes reading. Nw she is reading_________(lud) sister is ________at swimming. She swims ________(gd).
【答案】:1. excited; excitedly2. carefully3. quietly4. carefully5. beautiful6. ludly7. gd; well
1.名詞、代詞的數(shù)與格所給提示詞是名詞時,一般考查單復數(shù)的變化,偶爾考查所有格;所給提示詞是代詞時,一般考查人稱代詞變?yōu)槲镏鞔~。2.名詞詞類轉換/人稱代詞變?yōu)榉瓷泶~所給提示詞是名詞時,有時考查詞類轉換,主要是名詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~或動詞。所給提示詞為代詞時,有時考查人稱代詞變?yōu)榉瓷泶~。
1.考查形容詞或副詞的比較等級所給提示詞是形容詞或副詞時,需考慮是否變?yōu)楸容^級或最高級。2.考查詞類轉換所給提示詞是形容詞時,還需要考慮形容詞轉化為副詞或名詞。
1.定冠詞the ,不定冠詞a,an。1) This is ______ ld map. It is ______ useful map. 2) We have n classes in ______ afternn n _______ Saturday. 3) Beijing is ______ capital f ______ China. It is _______ beautiful city. 4) Rman was nt built in ______ day. 5)After ______ breakfast he went t ______ schl n ______ ft. 6)He likes playing ______ ftball. His sister likes playing ______ pian.
【答案】:1. an;a2. the;/3. the; / ; a 4. a5. / ; / ; /6. / ; the
下列情況很可能填不定冠詞:(1) __________ +可數(shù)名詞(單數(shù));(2) __________ +形容詞+可數(shù)名詞(單數(shù))。下列情況下很可能填定冠詞:(1) ________ (+定語)+名詞 + f 等介詞短語(表示特指);(2) _________(+定語)+名詞 + 不定式短語或分詞短語(表示特指)。
1. My mther ges t wrk ______ bicycle. I g t schl _____ ft.2. He was here ______ a quarter t eleven. Nw he is _________________________ the tree.3. The ld lady ______ blue is blind(失明的). She can't see _________her eyes.
under/ beside/ nesr/ under
八、常見介詞的考察:1. 時間介詞、地點介詞、方式介詞以及其他介詞的考察。
介詞考點歸納如果名詞或代詞在句中不作主語、表語或動詞的賓語時,其前面一般是填介詞。通??疾榻樵~與動詞、名詞、形容詞的搭配。
1.基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的考察。1) Children’s Day(兒童節(jié)) is n the ????????f June(六月).2)There are ??????????mnths(月)in a year(年).3) Teacher’s Day(教師節(jié)) is n the ??????????f September(九月).4. Three plus(加) six is .
【答案】:1. sixth2. twelve3. ninth 4. nine
一、給出動詞基本形態(tài),填寫詞性詞形轉化(轉為名詞、形容詞), 或填寫謂語部分,或是填寫非謂語動詞;二、給出形容詞,需要填寫比較級、最高級,或詞性詞形轉化,轉化為副詞, 或是填寫反義詞(前綴);三、給出副詞,填寫比較級、最高級,或是填寫反義詞;四、不給提示詞,主要填寫介詞、連詞、冠詞和代詞。有提示詞:考查謂語動詞,非謂語動詞,名詞,形容詞和副詞無提示詞:考查 冠詞 介詞 連詞 代詞
1.Listen, Jim __________(sing) an English sng in the music Bing ____________(like) _________ (make) mdel ships.3.I ___________(live) in Nan Jing , but my friend ________(live) in father_________(like)_________ (read) newspaper, but my mther_________(nt)5.It’s tw ’clck in the afternn. We _________ (have) an English class nw.
6.I like __________(sing), she _________(like)_________(dance).7. What ________Helen ften_________(d) at the weekends? She ften ________(catch) __________(d nt) want__________(eat) bread fr breakfast.9.I _______(have) a friend. Her name ______(be)Susan. She _____(like) singing and dancing10. __________Yang Ling __________(has)_________(sme) hbbies ? Yes, she________.
【答案】:1. is singing 2. likes; making3. live; lives 4. likes; reading; desn’t5. are having 6. singing; likes; dancing7. des; d; catches 8. desn’t; t eat 9. have; is ;likes10.Des; have ; any; des
1. Wuld yu like t make a kite fr _________(they)?2. This is my ______ (ne) time t visit Beijing.3. Hw many _________ (radi) can yu see n the table?4. There isn't _______(smething) wrng with the bike.5. His father lked _______ (angry) at Jim.6. Tw years ag, Jim _______(can) ride a bike.
7. Hw many _______ (flwer) are there beside the plate?8.I _______(wait) fr the green man just nw.9. Lk! Sme milk and juice ______ (be) in the fridge.10. Yesterday my grandpa _______(get) n the bus with a heavy bx.11. Yu mustn't run __________(quick) n the rad.12. Je's birthday is n the ______(three) f August.
【答案】:1.them 2. first3. radis 4. anything5.angrily 6. culd7.flwers 8. waited 9. are 10.gt11. quickly 12. third
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