2023屆福建省三明市尤溪縣高三下學(xué)期3月模擬檢測英語試題解析版

這是一份2023屆福建省三明市尤溪縣高三下學(xué)期3月模擬檢測英語試題解析版，共38頁。試卷主要包含了15， B等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
? 高2023屆高三3月模擬檢測試題
英語
注意事項：
1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。
2. 回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。
3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分 30 分)
做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)(共 5 小題;每小題 1.5 分，滿分 7.5 分)
聽下面 5 段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有 10 秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15.
答案 C。
1. What is the man’s room number?
A.630. B.613. C.530.
2. Why does the man visit the woman?
A. To join her for the breakfast.
B. To sell some water pipes.
C. To repair her water pipe.
3. When should the man return the book?
A.On 7 June. B.On 17 June. C.On 21 June.
4. What time did the speakers leave the restaurant?
A.At 8:15. B.At 8:10. C.At 6:50.
5. What will the speakers do on Sunday?
A.Do their homework. B.Visit the church. C.Go boating.
第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 題。
6. What does the man think of the woman’s advice?
A.Reasonable. B.Impractical. C.Surprising.
7. What is the woman trying to do?
A.Make complaints. B.Express wishes. C.Comfort the man.
聽第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 題。
8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A.Gardening skills.
B.Their favourite food.
C.The harvest in Paula’s home garden.
9. What will Stuart do next?
A.Buy an ice cream. B.Help Paula’s father. C.Learn to make pies.
聽第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 題。
10. What may the man’s paper be about?
A.Computers. B.Biology. C.Urbanplanning
11. What day is it today?
A.Wednesday. B.Friday. C.Sunday.
12. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A.Search for other books. B.Make an announcement. C.Wait for a moment.
聽第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 題。
13. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In the man’s house. C. In a supermarket.
14. Why does the man want to eat energy bars only?
A. To lose weight. B. To save money. C. To build muscles.
15. What does the woman think of the ads?
A. They’re lying. B. They’re convincing. C. They’re confusing.
16. What is the woman like?
A. Grateful. B. Smart. C. Aggressive.
聽第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 題。
17. Who are the listeners?
A.Teachers. B.Parents. C.Students.
18. What is the purpose of the museum?
A. To show more computers.
B. To help school children.
C. To develop the computer industry.
19. Why does the company invite the listeners?
A. To sell them computers.
B. To get some advice
C. To introduce the history of the company.
20. When will the speaker come back?
A.In half an hour. B.In an hour. C.In more than an hour.
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分 40 分)
第一節(jié) (共 15 小題;每小題 2 分，滿分 30 分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C 和 D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
A
SEA LIFE LONDON AQUARIUM (水族館) GUIDE
Have you ever wished you could swim to the deepest of the ocean to see some of the rarest sea creatures in the world? Or even take a trip to Antarctica and take photos of a family of penguins? Well, luckily for you, the SEA LIFE London Aquarium allows visitors to do that.
Opened in 1997, the SEA LIFE London Aquarium is the largest in London. Not only does it provide entertainment for visitors as they watch sharks, turtles, and tropical fish swim over, under and all around them, but it’s also one of the UK’s leading centers for sea life protection.
Highlights:
Pacific Display
Walking over a glass window and watching sharks swim under
your feet
Atlantic Zone
Observing turtles, snails, and octopuses
Tidal Reach Zone
Taking photos of colorful jellyfish and pipefish
Rockpools
Feeling starfish (海星) and the shell of a crab
Special tips:
Make sure you take advantage of the discounted tickets available on any of our official websites.
Dress in layers (層) during your visit, because it can get quite warm inside the aquarium and cold in the penguin area.
Avoid visiting during the busier periods since some of the areas of the aquarium are quite narrow.
Ticket prices:
Tickets cost ￡19.95, but there are other choices:
If you want to see the London Eye as well as the aquarium, there is a “SEA LIFE and London Eye” package for ￡39.
If you want to swim with the friendly sharks in the aquarium, there is a “Shark Experience” package which costs ￡89.
1. What do we know about the SEA LIFE London Aquarium?
A. It is the oldest aquarium in London. B. It is the first to be built underwater.
C. It plays a part in protecting sea creatures. D. It owns the largest variety of sea species.
2. Which part of the aquarium may attract you if you want to touch sea creatures?
A. Tidal Reach Zone. B. Pacific Display.
C. Atlantic Zone. D. Rockpools.
3. What should you keep in mind when visiting the aquarium?
A. Wearing layers of clothing. B. Showing your ID for discounts.
C. Booking package tickets for the visit. D. Keeping a safe distance from others.
B
Our perception of hoe food tastes is influenced by cutlery like knives, forks, and spoons, research suggests.
“Size, weight, shape and color all have an effect on flavor,” says a University of Oxford team. Cheese tastes saltier when eaten from a knife rather than a fork; while white spoons make yoghurt taste better, experiments show.
The study in the journal Flavour suggests the brain makes judgments on food even before it goes in the mouth. More than 100 students took part in three experiments looking at the influence of weight, color and shape of cutlery on taste. The researchers found that when the weight of the cutlery is consistent with expectations, this had an influence on how the food tastes. For example, food tasted sweeter on the small spoons that are traditionally used to serve desserts.
Color contrast was also an important factor-white yoghurt eaten from a white spoon was rated sweeter than white yoghurt tasted on a black spoon. Similarly, when testers were offered cheese on a knife, spoon, fork or toothpick, they found that the cheese on a knife tasted saltiest.
“How we experience food is a multisensory experience involving taste feel of the food in our mouths, pleasant smells, and the feasting of our eyes,” said Pro. Charles Spence and Dr. Vanessa Harrar. “Even before we put food into our mouths, our brains have made a judgment about it, which affects our overall experience.”
Past research has shown that china can change our perception of food and drink. For example, people generally eat less when food is served on smaller plates. “The new research into how the brain influences food perception could help dieters or improve gastronomic（美食的）experiences at restaurants,” said Pro. Spence. He told BBC News: “There’s a lot more to food than what’s on the plate. Many things we thought didn’t matter do. We’re going to see a lot more of neuroscience（神經(jīng)科學(xué)）design around mealtimes.”
4. According to the text, we know that the cheese used in the experiment is ________.
A. salty B. sour
C. sweet D. bitter
5. What do we know about the weight of the cutlery in paragraph 3?
A. It is important for people.
B. People usually don’t care about it.
C. It affects how the food tastes.
D. It is always different from people’s expectation.
6. What does the underlined word “multisensory” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Coming from the senses.
B. Involving many different senses.
C. Able to feel or perceive.
D. Easily affected by other feelings.
7. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Research on cutlery is of great importance.
B. Research on food will be continued in the future.
C. Research on the effect of nerves on the taste of food will be done.
D. Research on plates and food will be carried out in the near future.
C
A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.
Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean.
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
8. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph?
A. To explain the use of a software program.
B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater.
D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
9. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences.
10. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond?
A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning.
C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words.
11. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
D
Art is everywhere. Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful. Why, then, is art still so widely considered to be "the easy subject" at school, insignificant to wider society, a waste of time and effort?
Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can; art generates money and holds significant emotional and cultural value within communities. When people attend a concert, they are paying for music, sure, maybe even hotel rooms, meals, and transport, but they also gain an incredible experience, a unique atmosphere and a memory that will go through the rest of their lives. People don't just want material things anymore, they want to experience life---the arts are a perfect cross over between culture and commerce.
Furthermore, the arts can bring communities together, reducing loneliness and making people feel safer. Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion, and their expression of common values through artworks in honour of events significant to a nation's experience.
The arts clearly have a pretty positive impact on physical and psychological health. It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not; more engagement with the arts is linked to a higher level of people’s wellbeing. The Royal Society of Public Health discovered that music and art, when used in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, anxiety and blood pressure.
Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education: those engaged with drama have greater literary ability while others taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages. Kids with preference for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future. Participating in the arts is essential for child development; encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.
Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for art is a part of what makes us human.
12. Art products differ from most other commercial products because_____ .
A. most people purchase them for collection
B. they are more expensive and less accessible
C. they have both commercial and cultural values
D. their prices may climb up as time passes
13. What can we learn about people who are involved in artistic activities?
A. They enjoy better living conditions.
B. They like to compare themselves with others.
C. They are particularly good at both music and art.
D. They tend to be healthier physically and mentally.
14. How does kids' engagement with the arts benefit them?
A. It promotes their academic performance and emotional growth.
B. It gives them more confidence in exhibiting their learning skills.
C. It inspires their creativity in designing their future career.
D. It helps to make responsible people out of them.
15. What is the best title for this passage?
A. How Art Cures Our Hearts
B. Art: A Blessing to Humankind
C. How Art Benefits Communities
D. Art: A Bridge Between Cultures
第二節(jié) (共 5 小題;每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
With the sudden change to online learning especially within the last couple of years, there have been quite a few problems for students and teachers as well.
____16____ When students are learning from the comfort of their own bedrooms, it can be difficult to feel productive. After 5 minutes of studying, the students may find themselves picking up the phone to look through social media platforms. ____17____
Teachers constantly find students lack(缺乏) the drive to learn something new. When students find no motivation(動機) to learn, study, or focus during the lesson, it can be discouraging for teachers as well.
In a traditional classroom, sometimes teachers would allow 10-minute breaks in between the lesson. ____18____ Usually, teachers also arrange pair-based activities that let students work together towards a common goal. This social method is quite important for lifting class morale(士氣) and building companionship. The problem with online learning is that teachers generally pay little attention to this factor as they concentrate on delivering the class content only.
The poor Internet connection is another challenge faced by students in online learning. ____19____ This can be annoying for students. They are sometimes forced out of Zoom room because the Internet service is not working well.
Besides technical problems in online learning, teachers sometimes struggle with the class discipline(紀(jì)律) in a virtual environment. ____20____ Teachers may feel discouraged when they realize they are explaining something but the students are not following.
So, all the possible solutions should be found to get the best results for the students.
A. It’s difficult for them to keep up with the teacher.
B. Students are generally beyond their teachers’ control.
C. One problem that stands out is poor time management.
D. This often encourages students to interact with one another.
E. Adapting to an online learning environment can be a bit difficult.
F. At the end of the day, they realize that they haven’t studied properly.
G. That’s why we’ll discuss the most common problems of online learning.
第三部分 語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分 45 分)
第一節(jié) (共 20 小題;每小題 1.5 分，滿分 30 分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的 A、B、C 和 D 四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
The mental aspect of athletics is underrated. The common expression, “athletics is 90 percent ____21____ and 10 percent physical, ” is often used by coaches, and stresses that mindsets make a huge ____22____ in competitions. ?
“The physical aspect of the sport can only take you ____23____, ” said Olympic gold medal-winning gymnast Shannon Miller during an interview with the Dana Foundation. “The mental aspect has to ____24____, especially when you’re talking about the best of the best. In the Olympic Games, everyone is talented. Everyone ____25____ hard. Everyone does the work. What ____26____ the gold medalists from the silver medalists is simply the mental game. ” ?
Many athletes have used the technique of mental imagery, or ____27____, to perform at their best. Research on the brain patterns of ____28____ found that the patterns activated when a weightlifter lifted heavy weights were activated ____29____ when they simply imagined lifting and some studies have suggested that mental ____30____ can be almost as effective as physical training. One study, published in the Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology in 1996, found that ____31____ weight lifting caused ____32____ changes in muscle activity. ?
“Mental imagery ____33____ on many cognitive (認(rèn)知的) processes in the brain:motor control, attention, perception, planning, and memory, ” researcher Angie LeVan wrote in Psychology Today. “So the ____34____ is getting trained for actual performance during visualisation. It’s been found that mental practices can enhance motivation, increase confidence, improve motor performance and ____35____ your brain for success. ”
____36____ visualising is more than just thinking about an upcoming event. ____37____ athletes use visualisation they truly feel the event taking place in their mind’s eye. ?
“During visualisation, she incorporates (整合) all of her ____38____ into the experience, ” sports psychologist Dr JoAnn Dahlkoetter wrote in a blog post on The Huffington Post ____39____ a speed skater she works with. “She feels her forefoot pushing off the track, she hears her skating splits, and she sees herself racing ahead of the competitors. She experiences all of the elements of her race ____40____ before executing (完成) her performance. ”
21. A. lucky B. intelligent C. mental D. strategic
22. A. difference B. importance C. improvement D. challenge
23. A. so long B. so far C. so much D. so high
24. A. turn on B. show off C. take up D. set off
25. A. thinks B. moves C. runs D. trains
26. A. breaks B. pushes C. decides D. distinguishes
27. A. activation B. visualization C. motivation D. perception
28. A. athletes B. gymnasts C. weightlifters D. skaters
29. A. regularly B. normally C. finally D. similarly
30. A. connection B. practice C. performances D. directions
31. A. imagining B. considering C. reviewing D. dreaming
32. A. few B. usual C. actual D. strange
33. A. impacts B. increases C. slows D. follows
34. A. brain B. body C. attention D. memory
35. A. help B. apply C. use D. prepare
36. A. Though B. But C. Thus D. Otherwise
37. A. Unless B. After C. When D. Until
38. A. observations B. spirit C. determination D. senses
39. A. to B. for C. about D. with
40. A. in surprise B. in detail C. on time D. for example
第二節(jié) (共 10 小題;每小題 1.5 分，滿分 15 分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1 個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Sophia is an intelligent human-like robot, and famous for being the first robot ____41____ (award) citizenship of a country, Saudi Arabia. But it is unclear whether she will receive the same rights as human citizens.
She ____42____ (bear) with a perfect combination of science and art. Scientists said her face____43____ (design) beautifully like a pretty actress, Audrey Hepburn. The robot has the ability____44____ (show) more than sixty-two facial expressions. What’s more, she can speak English and even Chinese____45____ (fluent). Sophia will learn more communication skills, ____46____will influence how she develops and shapes what she will be like. Her smart humorous and confident____47____ (perform) makes audiences____48____ (astonish) and even a little ____49____ (scare).
As a result, some scientists have a prediction. If production and development of AI were not able ____50____ (control), this could be a deadly risk to the existence of human beings in the future.
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分 35 分)
第一節(jié) 短文改錯(共 10 小題;每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分)
51. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。
修改：在錯詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2. 只允許修改10 處，多者（從第11 處起）不計分。
Last summer, I went on a trip to Qingdao, a city when I stayed for seven days and enjoyed myself. Before leave Qingdao, I went fishing on a beautiful lake. Unlucky, I didn’t catch any fishes, and I got boring. I decided to go swimming. When I stood up, my wallet with all my money in fall into the water. I jumped into a deep lake to look for it, but I didn’t find it. The next morning, I wasn’t able to leave the hotel because of I had no money to pay for anything. I had no choice but call my parents and asked for help. They sent myself some money by WeChat. How an embarrassing trip!
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)(滿分 25 分)
52. 假定你是李華，校英語社社長。你社打算吸納更多社員，請你寫一份納新啟事。內(nèi)容包括：1.介紹社團活動；2.告知報名時間、方式。
注意：1.詞數(shù) 80 左右;2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
English Club Members Wanted
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

















答案解析
第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分 30 分)
第一節(jié)(共 5 小題;每小題 1.5 分，滿分 7.5 分)
聽下面 5 段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有 10 秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What is the man’s room number?
A.630. B.613. C.530.
2. Why does the man visit the woman?
A. To join her for the breakfast.
B. To sell some water pipes.
C. To repair her water pipe.
3. When should the man return the book?
A.On 7 June. B.On 17 June. C.On 21 June.
4. What time did the speakers leave the restaurant?
A.At 8:15. B.At 8:10. C.At 6:50.
5. What will the speakers do on Sunday?
A.Do their homework. B.Visit the church. C.Go boating.
第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 題。
6. What does the man think of the woman’s advice?
A.Reasonable. B.Impractical. C.Surprising.
7. What is the woman trying to do?
A.Make complaints. B.Express wishes. C.Comfort the man.
聽第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 題。
8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A.Gardening skills.
B.Their favourite food.
C.The harvest in Paula’s home garden.
9. What will Stuart do next?
A.Buy an ice cream. B.Help Paula’s father. C.Learn to make pies.
聽第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 題。
10. What may the man’s paper be about?
AComputers. B.Biology. C.Urbanplanning
11. What day is it today?
A.Wednesday. B.Friday. C.Sunday.
12. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A.Search for other books. B.Make an announcement. C.Wait for a moment.
聽第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 題。
13. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In the man’s house. C. In a supermarket.
14. Why does the man want to eat energy bars only?
A. To lose weight. B. To save money. C. To build muscles.
15. What does the woman think of the ads?
A. They’re lying. B. They’re convincing. C. They’re confusing.
16. What is the woman like?
A. Grateful. B. Smart. C. Aggressive.
聽第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 題。
17. Who are the listeners?
A.Teachers. B.Parents. C.Students.
18. What is the purpose of the museum?
A. To show more computers.
B. To help school children.
C. To develop the computer industry.
19. Why does the company invite the listeners?
A. To sell them computers.
B. To get some advice
C. To introduce the history of the company.
20. When will the speaker come back?
A.In half an hour. B.In an hour. C.In more than an hour.
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分 40 分)
第一節(jié) (共 15 小題;每小題 2 分，滿分 30 分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C 和 D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
A
SEA LIFE LONDON AQUARIUM (水族館) GUIDE
Have you ever wished you could swim to the deepest of the ocean to see some of the rarest sea creatures in the world? Or even take a trip to Antarctica and take photos of a family of penguins? Well, luckily for you, the SEA LIFE London Aquarium allows visitors to do that.
Opened in 1997, the SEA LIFE London Aquarium is the largest in London. Not only does it provide entertainment for visitors as they watch sharks, turtles, and tropical fish swim over, under and all around them, but it’s also one of the UK’s leading centers for sea life protection.
Highlights:
Pacific Display
Walking over a glass window and watching sharks swim under
your feet
Atlantic Zone
Observing turtles, snails, and octopuses
Tidal Reach Zone
Taking photos of colorful jellyfish and pipefish
Rockpools
Feeling starfish (海星) and the shell of a crab
Special tips:
Make sure you take advantage of the discounted tickets available on any of our official websites.
Dress in layers (層) during your visit, because it can get quite warm inside the aquarium and cold in the penguin area.
Avoid visiting during the busier periods since some of the areas of the aquarium are quite narrow.
Ticket prices:
Tickets cost ￡19.95, but there are other choices:
If you want to see the London Eye as well as the aquarium, there is a “SEA LIFE and London Eye” package for ￡39.
If you want to swim with the friendly sharks in the aquarium, there is a “Shark Experience” package which costs ￡89.
1. What do we know about the SEA LIFE London Aquarium?
A. It is the oldest aquarium in London. B. It is the first to be built underwater.
C. It plays a part in protecting sea creatures. D. It owns the largest variety of sea species.
2. Which part of the aquarium may attract you if you want to touch sea creatures?
A. Tidal Reach Zone. B. Pacific Display.
C. Atlantic Zone. D. Rockpools.
3. What should you keep in mind when visiting the aquarium?
A. Wearing layers of clothing. B. Showing your ID for discounts.
C. Booking package tickets for the visit. D. Keeping a safe distance from others.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹并推薦了倫敦海洋生物水族館。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Opened in 1997, the SEA LIFE London Aquarium is the largest in London. Not only does it provide entertainment for visitors as they watch sharks, turtles, and tropical fish swim over, under and all around them, but it’s also one of the UK’s leading centers for sea life protection.(倫敦海洋生物水族館于1997年開放，是倫敦最大的水族館。它不僅為游客提供娛樂，因為他們可以觀看鯊魚、海龜和熱帶魚在它們上面、下面和周圍游泳，而且它還是英國主要的海洋生物保護中心之一。)”可知，倫敦海洋生物水族館在保護海洋生物方面起著作用。故選C項。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格最后一行“Rockpools: Feeling starfish and the shell of a crab (巖石池：觸摸海星和螃蟹的殼)”可知，在Rockpools可以觸摸海洋生物。故選D項。
【3題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Special tips”中第二句“Dress in layers during your visit, because it can get quite warm inside the aquarium and cold in the penguin area.(在參觀期間要多穿幾件衣服，因為在水族館里面會很暖和，而在企鵝區(qū)會很冷。)”可知，參觀水族館要注意穿多層衣服。故選A項。
B
Our perception of hoe food tastes is influenced by cutlery like knives, forks, and spoons, research suggests.
“Size, weight, shape and color all have an effect on flavor,” says a University of Oxford team. Cheese tastes saltier when eaten from a knife rather than a fork; while white spoons make yoghurt taste better, experiments show.
The study in the journal Flavour suggests the brain makes judgments on food even before it goes in the mouth. More than 100 students took part in three experiments looking at the influence of weight, color and shape of cutlery on taste. The researchers found that when the weight of the cutlery is consistent with expectations, this had an influence on how the food tastes. For example, food tasted sweeter on the small spoons that are traditionally used to serve desserts.
Color contrast was also an important factor-white yoghurt eaten from a white spoon was rated sweeter than white yoghurt tasted on a black spoon. Similarly, when testers were offered cheese on a knife, spoon, fork or toothpick, they found that the cheese on a knife tasted saltiest.
“How we experience food is a multisensory experience involving taste, feel of the food in our mouths, pleasant smells, and the feasting of our eyes,” said Pro. Charles Spence and Dr. Vanessa Harrar. “Even before we put food into our mouths, our brains have made a judgment about it, which affects our overall experience.”
Past research has shown that china can change our perception of food and drink. For example, people generally eat less when food is served on smaller plates. “The new research into how the brain influences food perception could help dieters or improve gastronomic（美食的）experiences at restaurants,” said Pro. Spence. He told BBC News: “There’s a lot more to food than what’s on the plate. Many things we thought didn’t matter do. We’re going to see a lot more of neuroscience（神經(jīng)科學(xué)）design around mealtimes.”
4. According to the text, we know that the cheese used in the experiment is ________.
A. salty B. sour
C. sweet D. bitter
5. What do we know about the weight of the cutlery in paragraph 3?
A. It is important for people.
B. People usually don’t care about it.
C. It affects how the food tastes.
D. It is always different from people’s expectation.
6. What does the underlined word “multisensory” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Coming from the senses.
B. Involving many different senses.
C. Able to feel or perceive.
D. Easily affected by other feelings.
7 What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Research on cutlery is of great importance.
B. Research on food will be continued in the future.
C. Research on the effect of nerves on the taste of food will be done.
D. Research on plates and food will be carried out in the near future.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇科普類短文閱讀。英國牛津大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，餐具的大小、重量、形狀及顏色均會對食物的口感產(chǎn)生影響。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段Cheese tastes saltier when eaten from a knife rather than a fork用刀比用叉取食奶酪會讓其咸味更明顯，可知，實驗中所用的奶酪是咸的。故選A。
【5題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段The researchers found that when the weight of the cutlery is consistent with expectations, this had an influence on how the food tastes.可知，刀叉的重量影響食物的味道。故選C。
【6題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第五段How we experience food is a multisensory experience involving taste, feel of the food in our mouths, pleasant smells, and the feasting of our eyes可知我們對食物的品嘗過程是一個多重感官體驗的過程，包括味覺、食物的口感、香味以及眼睛的觀感。從而可以推測出multisensory為“多種感覺（并用）的”之意。故選B。
【7題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段We’re going to see a lot more of neuroscience（神經(jīng)科學(xué)）design around mealtimes可知，研究人員將繼續(xù)研究神經(jīng)對食物風(fēng)味的影響。故選C。
C
A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.
Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean.
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
8. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph?
A. To explain the use of a software program.
B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater.
D To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
9. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences.
10. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond?
A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning.
C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words.
11. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要介紹的是在辯論中戰(zhàn)勝人類的名為Project Debater的軟件程序。
8題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.(上周，在舊金山的一場公開辯論中，一個名為Project Debater的軟件程序擊敗了它的人類對手，其中包括以色列前全國辯論冠軍Noa Ovadia。)”可知，作者在第一段提到Noa Ovadia的目的是展示Project Debater的聰明。故選B。
【9題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段的“Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make.(盡管Project Debater很聰明，但它也有一些弱點。它從文檔庫和預(yù)先構(gòu)建的參數(shù)中提取句子，并將它們串在一起。這可能會導(dǎo)致人類不會犯的錯誤。)”和“will no doubt be ironed out(毫無疑問會被解決)”可知，劃線詞所在句子表示“這樣的錯誤會被糾正，被解決”，劃線詞wrinkles的意思是“錯誤”，和errors意思相近，故選C。
【10題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant.(Hammond所指的是意義的問題，而意義是區(qū)分最不聰明的人類和最聰明的機器的關(guān)鍵。計算機使用符號。它的程序指定了一組將一串符號轉(zhuǎn)換為另一串符號的規(guī)則。但它并沒有具體說明這些符號的含義。事實上，對于計算機來說，意義是無關(guān)緊要的。)”可知，根據(jù)Hammond的說法，Project Debater不能理解意義，故選B。
【11題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.(意義的產(chǎn)生是通過社會互動的過程，而不是計算的過程，這種互動塑造了我們頭腦中符號的內(nèi)容。賦予意義的規(guī)則不僅存在于我們的頭腦中，也存在于社會之外，存在于社會記憶、社會習(xí)俗和社會關(guān)系中。)”可知，從最后一段我們能了解到社會互動是理解符號的關(guān)鍵。故選A。
D
Art is everywhere. Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful. Why, then, is art still so widely considered to be "the easy subject" at school, insignificant to wider society, a waste of time and effort?
Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can; art generates money and holds significant emotional and cultural value within communities. When people attend a concert, they are paying for music, sure, maybe even hotel rooms, meals, and transport, but they also gain an incredible experience, a unique atmosphere and a memory that will go through the rest of their lives. People don't just want material things anymore, they want to experience life---the arts are a perfect cross over between culture and commerce.
Furthermore, the arts can bring communities together, reducing loneliness and making people feel safer. Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion, and their expression of common values through artworks in honour of events significant to a nation's experience.
The arts clearly have a pretty positive impact on physical and psychological health. It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not; more engagement with the arts is linked to a higher level of people’s wellbeing. The Royal Society of Public Health discovered that music and art, when used in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, anxiety and blood pressure.
Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education: those engaged with drama have greater literary ability while others taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages. Kids with preference for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future. Participating in the arts is essential for child development; encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.
Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for art is a part of what makes us human.
12. Art products differ from most other commercial products because_____ .
A. most people purchase them for collection
B. they are more expensive and less accessible
C. they have both commercial and cultural values
D. their prices may climb up as time passes
13. What can we learn about people who are involved in artistic activities?
A. They enjoy better living conditions.
B. They like to compare themselves with others.
C. They are particularly good at both music and art.
D. They tend to be healthier physically and mentally.
14. How does kids' engagement with the arts benefit them?
A. It promotes their academic performance and emotional growth.
B. It gives them more confidence in exhibiting their learning skills.
C. It inspires their creativity in designing their future career.
D It helps to make responsible people out of them.
15. What is the best title for this passage?
A. How Art Cures Our Hearts
B. Art: A Blessing to Humankind
C. How Art Benefits Communities
D. Art: A Bridge Between Cultures
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了藝術(shù)這一活動對人類的重要意義，是我們不可或缺的社會生活之一，從賦予商品商業(yè)價值，人類的身心健康和青少年的學(xué)術(shù)和情感的發(fā)展等方面論述了藝術(shù)的重要意義。
【12題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句話“Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful.(任何公共空間都是由藝術(shù)頭腦精心設(shè)計的，既實用又美觀)”以及第二段一句話“Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can;(藝術(shù)可以將文化與商業(yè)產(chǎn)品聯(lián)系起來，這是許多其他事物無法做到的)”可知，藝術(shù)參與的作品兼具文化價值和商業(yè)價值。故選C。
【13題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句話“It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not;(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)常去文化場所或參加藝術(shù)活動的人比不經(jīng)常去的人更有可能獲得健康)”可知，參加藝術(shù)活動的人們在身心上都相對更加健康。故選D。
【14題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句話“Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education: those engaged with drama have greater literary ability while others taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages. (參與藝術(shù)的孩子在教育中取得了更大的成就：那些參與戲劇的孩子有更大的文學(xué)能力，而其他參與音樂練習(xí)的孩子在數(shù)學(xué)和語言方面表現(xiàn)出更高的技能)”以及最后一句話“encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.(鼓勵孩子以建設(shè)性的方式表達(dá)自己，有助于在以后的生活中形成健康的情緒反應(yīng))”可知，藝術(shù)活動促進(jìn)了孩子們的學(xué)業(yè)表現(xiàn)和情感成長。故選A。
【15題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for art is a part of what makes us human.(藝術(shù)對人類生活至關(guān)重要，世界各國都在為各種目的慶祝和使用藝術(shù)。沒有藝術(shù)的生活會枯燥乏味，死氣沉沉，因為藝術(shù)是使我們成為人類的一部分)”可知，藝術(shù)是人類重要的部分，文章也詳細(xì)描述了藝術(shù)對不同的人群的好處。所以文章的標(biāo)題為“藝術(shù)：人類的福祉”。故選B。
第二節(jié) (共 5 小題;每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
With the sudden change to online learning especially within the last couple of years, there have been quite a few problems for students and teachers as well.
____16____ When students are learning from the comfort of their own bedrooms, it can be difficult to feel productive. After 5 minutes of studying, the students may find themselves picking up the phone to look through social media platforms. ____17____
Teachers constantly find students lack(缺乏) the drive to learn something new. When students find no motivation(動機) to learn, study, or focus during the lesson, it can be discouraging for teachers as well.
In a traditional classroom, sometimes teachers would allow 10-minute breaks in between the lesson. ____18____ Usually, teachers also arrange pair-based activities that let students work together towards a common goal. This social method is quite important for lifting class morale(士氣) and building companionship. The problem with online learning is that teachers generally pay little attention to this factor as they concentrate on delivering the class content only.
The poor Internet connection is another challenge faced by students in online learning. ____19____ This can be annoying for students. They are sometimes forced out of Zoom room because the Internet service is not working well.
Besides technical problems in online learning, teachers sometimes struggle with the class discipline(紀(jì)律) in a virtual environment. ____20____ Teachers may feel discouraged when they realize they are explaining something but the students are not following.
So, all the possible solutions should be found to get the best results for the students.
A. It’s difficult for them to keep up with the teacher.
B. Students are generally beyond their teachers’ control.
C. One problem that stands out is poor time management.
D. This often encourages students to interact with one another.
E. Adapting to an online learning environment can be a bit difficult.
F. At the end of the day, they realize that they haven’t studied properly.
G. That’s why we’ll discuss the most common problems of online learning.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了學(xué)生們在網(wǎng)課學(xué)習(xí)期間常見的一些問題。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)“When students are learning from the comfort of their own bedrooms, it can be difficult to feel productive. After 5 minutes of studying, the students may find themselves picking up the phone to look through social media platforms. (當(dāng)學(xué)生們在自己舒適的臥室里學(xué)習(xí)時，很難感到富有成效。學(xué)習(xí)5分鐘后，學(xué)生們可能會拿起手機瀏覽社交媒體平臺)”可知，本段主要講述學(xué)生們在自己的臥室學(xué)習(xí)時，效率不高，時間分配不合理?？仗帪楸径蔚闹髦即笠饩洹項“一個突出的問題是時間管理不善。”適合作本段的主旨大意句。故選C。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)“When students are learning from the comfort of their own bedrooms, it can be difficult to feel productive. After 5 minutes of studying, the students may find themselves picking up the phone to look through social media platforms. (當(dāng)學(xué)生們在自己舒適的臥室里學(xué)習(xí)時，很難感到富有成效。學(xué)習(xí)5分鐘后，學(xué)生們可能會拿起手機瀏覽社交媒體平臺)”可知，空前講述學(xué)生們在自己的臥室學(xué)習(xí)時，效率不高，時間分配不合理，空處表明這樣的情況所帶來的的后果，就是他們會發(fā)現(xiàn)這段時間他們并沒有好好學(xué)。F項“一天下來，他們意識到自己沒有好好學(xué)習(xí)。”符合語境。故選F。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)“In a traditional classroom, sometimes teachers would allow 10-minute breaks in between the lesson. (在傳統(tǒng)的課堂上，有時老師會在課間休息10分鐘)”可知，傳統(tǒng)課堂有它自己的優(yōu)勢，空處順接前文說明這樣做的好處，會讓學(xué)生們在休息時間互相交流。D項“這通常鼓勵學(xué)生相互交流?！狈险Z境。代詞this指代前文中“sometimes teachers would allow 10-minute breaks in between the lesson”這件事情。故選D。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)“The poor Internet connection is another challenge faced by students in online learning. (糟糕的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接是學(xué)生在線學(xué)習(xí)面臨的另一個挑戰(zhàn))”可知，本段主要說明信號差的會聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接會影響學(xué)生的在線學(xué)習(xí)?？仗庍M(jìn)一步說明糟糕的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接給學(xué)生的線上學(xué)習(xí)所帶來的不好影響。A項“他們很難跟上老師的步伐?！狈险Z境。故選A。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)“Besides technical problems in online learning, teachers sometimes struggle with the class discipline(紀(jì)律) in a virtual environment. (除了在線學(xué)習(xí)中的技術(shù)問題，教師有時會在虛擬環(huán)境中與課堂紀(jì)律作斗爭)”可知，在虛擬的環(huán)境中，學(xué)生往往不遵守紀(jì)律?？仗幷f明在線學(xué)習(xí)為什么會出現(xiàn)紀(jì)律失控的原因，那就是學(xué)生們不受老師的控制。B項“學(xué)生通常不受老師的控制。”符合語境。故選B。
第三部分 語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分 45 分)
第一節(jié) (共 20 小題;每小題 1.5 分，滿分 30 分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的 A、B、C 和 D 四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
The mental aspect of athletics is underrated. The common expression, “athletics is 90 percent ____21____ and 10 percent physical, ” is often used by coaches, and stresses that mindsets make a huge ____22____ in competitions. ?
“The physical aspect of the sport can only take you ____23____, ” said Olympic gold medal-winning gymnast Shannon Miller during an interview with the Dana Foundation. “The mental aspect has to ____24____, especially when you’re talking about the best of the best. In the Olympic Games, everyone is talented. Everyone ____25____ hard. Everyone does the work. What ____26____ the gold medalists from the silver medalists is simply the mental game. ” ?
Many athletes have used the technique of mental imagery, or ____27____, to perform at their best. Research on the brain patterns of ____28____ found that the patterns activated when a weightlifter lifted heavy weights were activated ____29____ when they simply imagined lifting and some studies have suggested that mental ____30____ can be almost as effective as physical training. One study, published in the Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology in 1996, found that ____31____ weight lifting caused ____32____ changes in muscle activity. ?
“Mental imagery ____33____ on many cognitive (認(rèn)知的) processes in the brain:motor control, attention, perception, planning, and memory, ” researcher Angie LeVan wrote in Psychology Today. “So the ____34____ is getting trained for actual performance during visualisation. It’s been found that mental practices can enhance motivation, increase confidence, improve motor performance and ____35____ your brain for success. ”
____36____ visualising is more than just thinking about an upcoming event. ____37____ athletes use visualisation, they truly feel the event taking place in their mind’s eye. ?
“During visualisation, she incorporates (整合) all of her ____38____ into the experience, ” sports psychologist Dr JoAnn Dahlkoetter wrote in a blog post on The Huffington Post ____39____ a speed skater she works with. “She feels her forefoot pushing off the track, she hears her skating splits, and she sees herself racing ahead of the competitors. She experiences all of the elements of her race ____40____ before executing (完成) her performance. ”
21. A. lucky B. intelligent C. mental D. strategic
22. A. difference B. importance C. improvement D. challenge
23. A. so long B. so far C. so much D. so high
24. A. turn on B. show off C. take up D. set off
25. A. thinks B. moves C. runs D. trains
26. A. breaks B. pushes C. decides D. distinguishes
27. A. activation B. visualization C. motivation D. perception
28. A. athletes B. gymnasts C. weightlifters D. skaters
29. A. regularly B. normally C. finally D. similarly
30. A. connection B. practice C. performances D. directions
31. A. imagining B. considering C. reviewing D. dreaming
32. A. few B. usual C. actual D. strange
33. A. impacts B. increases C. slows D. follows
34. A. brain B. body C. attention D. memory
35. A. help B. apply C. use D. prepare
36. A. Though B. But C. Thus D. Otherwise
37. A. Unless B. After C. When D. Until
38. A. observations B. spirit C. determination D. senses
39. A. to B. for C. about D. with
40. A. in surprise B. in detail C. on time D. for example
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. A 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)運動員通過想象也可以發(fā)揮自己的最佳水平，且一些研究表明，心理練習(xí)幾乎和體育鍛煉一樣有效。
【21題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：教練們經(jīng)常使用“體育運動90%是精神，10%是體力”這一常用表達(dá)，并強調(diào)在比賽中心態(tài)可以產(chǎn)生很大的不同。A. lucky幸運的；B. intelligent聰明的；C. mental心理的；D. strategic戰(zhàn)略上的。根據(jù)上文的“The mental aspect of athletics is underrated.”可知, 運動90%是精神上的, 10%是身體的。故選C。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：教練們經(jīng)常使用“體育運動90%是精神，10%是體力”這一常用表達(dá)，并強調(diào)在比賽中心態(tài)可以產(chǎn)生很大的不同。A. difference差異；B. importance重要性；C. improvement改善；D. challenge挑戰(zhàn)。本句強調(diào)心態(tài)在比賽中有很大影響，考查了詞組make a difference“有影響”。故選A。
【23題詳解】
考查固定短語辨析。句意：奧運會體操金牌得主Shannon Miller在接受達(dá)納基金會采訪時表示：“這項運動的身體條件只能讓你走這么遠(yuǎn)?！盇. so long再見；B. so far這么遠(yuǎn)，到目前為止；C. so much非常；D. so high那樣興奮。根據(jù)上文“The physical aspect of the sport can only take you”可知，指這項運動的身體方面只能讓你走這么遠(yuǎn)。故選B。
【24題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：精神方面必須打開，尤其當(dāng)你討論要發(fā)揮極致的時候。A. turn on打開；B. show off炫耀；C. take up占據(jù)；D. set off出發(fā)。根據(jù)下文的“especially when you[re talking about the best of the best”可知，上文提到了精神的重要性，所以精神方面必須要打開，尤其當(dāng)你討論要發(fā)揮極致的時候。故選A。
【25題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每個人都努力訓(xùn)練。A. thinks思考；B. moves移動；C. runs奔跑；D. trains訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)下文的“Everyone does the work.”可知，奧運比賽中每個人都是有天賦的，因此每個人訓(xùn)練都很刻苦。故選D。
【26題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：金牌和銀牌的區(qū)別就在于心理游戲。A. breaks打破；B. pushes推；C. decides決定；D. distinguishes區(qū)分，辨別。結(jié)合后文“the gold medalists from the silver medalists is simply the mental game.”指區(qū)別金牌獲得者和銀牌獲得者的只是精神的比賽。短語distinguish…from…“區(qū)分……和……”。故選D。
【27題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：許多運動員都使用了心理意象或想象的技巧來發(fā)揮他們的最佳水平。A. activation激活；B. visualization形象化；C. motivation動機；D. perception認(rèn)識能力。結(jié)合下文“So the is getting trained for actual performance during visualisation.”可知，很多運動員使用的是想象的方法。故選B。
【28題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對舉重運動員大腦模式的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)他們舉起重物時，大腦模式被激活——同樣，當(dāng)他們僅僅想象舉重時，大腦模式也被激活，一些研究表明，心理練習(xí)幾乎和體育鍛煉一樣有效。A. athletes運動員；B. gymnasts體操運動員；C. weightlifters舉重選手；D. skaters滑冰者。根據(jù)下文“when a weightlifter lifted heavy weights”可知，研究的是舉重運動員大腦的模式。故選C。
【29題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：對舉重運動員大腦模式的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)他們舉起重物時，大腦模式被激活——同樣，當(dāng)他們僅僅想象舉重時，大腦模式也被激活，一些研究表明，心理練習(xí)幾乎和體育鍛煉一樣有效。A. regularly定期地；B. normally正常地；C. finally終于；D. similarly類似，相似。根據(jù)下文的“some studies have suggested that mental can be almost as effective as physical training.”可知,當(dāng)一個舉重運動員舉起重量的時候，大腦的活動和只是想象舉起重量的活動相似。故選D。
【30題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對舉重運動員大腦模式的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)他們舉起重物時，大腦模式被激活——同樣，當(dāng)他們僅僅想象舉重時，大腦模式也被激活，一些研究表明，心理練習(xí)幾乎和體育鍛煉一樣有效。A. connection連接；B. practice練習(xí)；C. performances表現(xiàn)；D. directions方向。根據(jù)這句話中的“physical training”可知，一些研究甚至說，精神的練習(xí)和身體的訓(xùn)練的效果是幾乎一樣的。故選B。
【31題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：1996年發(fā)表在《體育與運動心理學(xué)雜志》上的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，想象舉重會導(dǎo)致肌肉活動的實際變化。A. imagining想象；B. considering考慮；C. reviewing回顧；D. dreaming夢想。結(jié)合下文“Mental imagery 　　　　13　　　　 on many cognitive (認(rèn)知的) processes in the brain”可知，想象舉重會導(dǎo)致肌肉活動產(chǎn)生實際的改變。故選A。
【32題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：1996年發(fā)表在《體育與運動心理學(xué)雜志》上的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，想象舉重會導(dǎo)致肌肉活動的實際變化。A. few很少的；B. usual通常的；C. actual實際的；D. strange奇怪的。根據(jù)下文“changes in muscle activity”并結(jié)合語境可知，想象舉重會導(dǎo)致肌肉活動產(chǎn)生實際的改變。故選C。
【33題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：研究人員Angie LeVan在《今日心理學(xué)》上寫道：“心理意象會影響大腦中的許多認(rèn)知過程：運動控制、注意力、知覺、計劃和記憶?！盇. impacts影響；B. increases增加；C. slows減緩；D. follows跟隨。根據(jù)下文的例子“It’s been found that mental practices can enhance motivation, increase confidence, improve motor performance and 　　　　15　　　　 your brain for success. ”可知，精神想象影響大腦的很多認(rèn)知過程。故選A。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以大腦在視覺化過程中得到了實際表現(xiàn)的訓(xùn)練。A. brain大腦；B. body身體；C. attention注意力；D. memory記憶。呼應(yīng)后文“your brain for success”，指精神訓(xùn)練可以增強動力，增加自信，提高運動的表現(xiàn)，從而使大腦做好成功的準(zhǔn)備。故選A。
【35題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，心理練習(xí)可以增強動力，增強信心，改善運動表現(xiàn)，讓大腦為成功做好準(zhǔn)備。A. help幫助；B. apply申請；C. use使用；D. prepare準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)后文“your brain for success. ”可知，在想象過程中大腦為成功做好準(zhǔn)備。故選D。
【36題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但想象不僅僅是思考即將到來的事件。A. Though雖然；B. But但是；C. Thus因此；D. Otherwise否則。上文提到心理聯(lián)系的好處，后文則說想象不僅僅是想即將到來的比賽，與上文的句子之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用but。故選B。
【37題詳解】
考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)運動員使用想象時，他們真正感覺到事件發(fā)生在他們的腦海中。A. Unless除非；B. After在……之后；C. When當(dāng)……時候；D. Until直到。結(jié)合句意可知，此處用when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句符合語境，表示“當(dāng)……時候”應(yīng)用when。故選C。
【38題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：運動心理學(xué)家JoAnn Dahlkoetter博士在《赫芬頓郵報》的一篇博客文章中寫道：“在想象過程中，她把自己所有的感官都融入到這種體驗中?！盇. observations觀察；B. spirit精神；C. determination決心；D. senses感覺。根據(jù)下文“She feels her forefoot pushing off the track, she hears her skating splits, and she sees herself racing ahead of the competitors.”可知，在想象中她把所有的感覺融合到這種體驗中。故選D。
【39題詳解】
考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：運動心理學(xué)家JoAnn Dahlkoetter博士在《赫芬頓郵報》的一篇博客文章中寫道：“在想象過程中，她把自己所有的感官都融入到這種體驗中?！盇. to朝；B. for為了；C. about關(guān)于；D. with和。JoAnn Dahlkoetter博士寫的文章是關(guān)于一個速滑運動員的，about表示“關(guān)于”。故選C。
【40題詳解】
考查固定短語辨析。句意：在完成她的表演之前，她詳細(xì)地體驗了她的比賽的所有因素。A. in surprise驚訝地；B. in detail詳細(xì)地；C. on time按時；D. for example例如。結(jié)合上文“She feels her forefoot pushing off the track, she hears her skating splits, and she sees herself racing ahead of the competitors”可知，在完成表演之前她詳細(xì)地體驗了比賽的所有因素。故選B。
第二節(jié) (共 10 小題;每小題 1.5 分，滿分 15 分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1 個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Sophia is an intelligent human-like robot, and famous for being the first robot ____41____ (award) citizenship of a country, Saudi Arabia. But it is unclear whether she will receive the same rights as human citizens.
She ____42____ (bear) with a perfect combination of science and art. Scientists said her face____43____ (design) beautifully, like a pretty actress, Audrey Hepburn. The robot has the ability____44____ (show) more than sixty-two facial expressions. What’s more, she can speak English and even Chinese____45____ (fluent). Sophia will learn more communication skills, ____46____will influence how she develops and shapes what she will be like. Her smart humorous and confident____47____ (perform) makes audiences____48____ (astonish) and even a little ____49____ (scare).
As a result, some scientists have a prediction. If production and development of AI were not able ____50____ (control), this could be a deadly risk to the existence of human beings in the future.
【答案】41. to be awarded
42. was born
43. was designed
44. to show
45. fluently
46. which 47. performance
48. astonished
49. scared 50. to be controlled
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了女機器人索菲亞。她“大腦”中的計算機算法能夠識別面部，并與人進(jìn)行眼神接觸。機器人索菲婭被授予沙特公民身份。她也因此成為史上首個獲得公民身份的機器人。但是，科學(xué)家們預(yù)言：人工智能崛起將成為人類生存的最大威脅。
【41題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：索菲亞是一個類人智能機器人，因成為第一個被授予沙特阿拉伯公民身份的機器人而聞名。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是固定句型：the+序數(shù)詞+n. to do sth，所以award應(yīng)該用不定式形式，又邏輯主語是Sophia，兩者間是被動關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用不定式的被動語態(tài)，作后置定語，故填to be awarded。
【42題詳解】
考查短語和時態(tài)。句意：她天生具有科學(xué)與藝術(shù)的完美結(jié)合。be born with生來具有……，描述的是過去發(fā)生的事，用一般過去時。故填 was born。
【43題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：句意：科學(xué)家說她的臉被設(shè)計得很漂亮，就像漂亮的女演員奧黛麗·赫本。主語后缺少謂語動詞，設(shè)計發(fā)生在過去，her face和design是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故填was designed。
【44題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：這款機器人有能力展示超過62種面部表情。ability后面常用不定式作定語。故填to show。
【45題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：更重要的是，她能說英語，甚至流利地說漢語。此處修飾動詞speak，應(yīng)用副詞。故填fluently。
【46題詳解】
考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。句意：機器人索菲婭能學(xué)習(xí)很多溝通技能，這些會影響她的發(fā)展和外觀。此處是非限定性定語從句，先行詞是skills，指物，在定語從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which。
【47題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：她聰明、幽默、自信的表演讓觀眾感到驚訝甚至有點害怕。根據(jù)句意可知，此處使用不可數(shù)名詞performance，意為“表現(xiàn)”，作主語。故填performance。
【48題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：她聰明、幽默、自信的表演讓觀眾感到驚訝甚至有點害怕。make+賓語+賓補，此處修飾人的感情，應(yīng)用-ed結(jié)尾形容詞。故填astonished。
【49題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：她聰明、幽默、自信的表演讓觀眾感到驚訝甚至有點害怕。根據(jù)and可知，空處和前文的astonished并列，應(yīng)也填形容詞，scare的形容詞形式是scared，修飾人，故填scared。
【50題詳解】
考查不定式。句意：如果人工智能的生產(chǎn)和發(fā)展無法得到控制，這將是未來人類生存的致命風(fēng)險。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是固定短語搭配：be able to do意為“能夠做某事”，所以control應(yīng)該用不定式形式，又邏輯主語是production and development of AI，兩者間是被動關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用不定式的被動語態(tài)。故填to be controlled。
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分 35 分)
第一節(jié) 短文改錯(共 10 小題;每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分)
51. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2. 只允許修改10 處，多者（從第11 處起）不計分。
Last summer, I went on a trip to Qingdao, a city when I stayed for seven days and enjoyed myself. Before leave Qingdao, I went fishing on a beautiful lake. Unlucky, I didn’t catch any fishes, and I got boring. I decided to go swimming. When I stood up, my wallet with all my money in fall into the water. I jumped into a deep lake to look for it, but I didn’t find it. The next morning, I wasn’t able to leave the hotel because of I had no money to pay for anything. I had no choice but call my parents and asked for help. They sent myself some money by WeChat. How an embarrassing trip!
【答案】1.when→where
2.leave→leaving
3.Unlucky→Unluckily
4.boring→bored
5.fall→fell
6.a→the
7.去掉because后的of
8.在call前加to
9.myself→me
10.How→What
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者去年夏天去青島旅行的難忘經(jīng)歷。
【詳解】1.考查定語從句。句意：去年夏天，我去青島旅行，在那里我呆了七天，玩得很開心?！癐 stayed for seven days and enjoyed myself”是定語從句，關(guān)系詞指代先行詞city并在從句中作地點狀語，故將when改為where。
2.考查動名詞。句意：在離開青島之前，我在一個美麗的湖上釣魚。介詞before后接動名詞作賓語，故將leave改為leaving。
3.考查副詞。句意：不幸的是，我一條魚也沒有釣到，我感到無聊。修飾后面整個句子要用副詞unluckily，意為“不幸的是”，位于句首，首字母大寫，故將Unlucky改為Unluckily。
4.考查形容詞。句意：不幸的是，我沒有釣到任何魚，我感到無聊。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“我”感到無聊，形容人感到無聊要用形容詞bored，而boring是修飾物，意為“令人無聊的”，故將boring改為bored。
5.考查時態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)我站起來的時候，我的錢包和我所有的錢掉進(jìn)了水里。通篇時態(tài)是一般過去時，因此本句時態(tài)用一般過去時，fall要改為過去式fell，故將fall改為fell。
6.考查定冠詞。句意：我跳進(jìn)深湖去找它，但我沒有找到它。此處的lake是第二次提到，前面應(yīng)用定冠詞the，故將a改為the。
7.考查because與because of的區(qū)別。句意：第二天早上，我無法離開酒店，因為我沒有錢支付費用。because of后跟名詞或名詞性短語，because后跟句子，“I had no money to pay for anything”是一個句子，因此應(yīng)用because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。故去掉because后的of。
8.考查固定句式。句意：我別無選擇，只能打電話給父母尋求幫助。have no choice but to do sth.是固定句式，意為“別無選擇，只能做某事”，故在call前加to。
9.考查代詞。句意：他們用微信給我發(fā)了一些錢。此處表示“他們用微信給我發(fā)了一些錢”，應(yīng)用賓格me作sent的賓語，故將myself改為me。
10.考查感嘆句。句意：多么尷尬的旅行??！句子是感嘆句，感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)是“What+a/an+（形容詞）+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語！”和“How+形容詞（副詞）+（a/an）+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語！”，因此本句要用what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，位于句首的單詞首字母要大寫，故將How改為What。
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)(滿分 25 分)
52. 假定你是李華，校英語社社長。你社打算吸納更多社員，請你寫一份納新啟事。內(nèi)容包括：1.介紹社團活動；2.告知報名時間、方式。
注意：1.詞數(shù) 80 左右;2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
English Club Members Wanted
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】English Club Members Wanted
Scoop! The English Club is recruiting new members!
As a club enjoying lasting popularity, we offer various appealing activities. Want to exchange ideas in learning English? Come to our regular movies, lectures and English corners, chatting and progressing with people of similar interest. Here, you'll also be exposed to thrilling events from impressive speech contests to breath-taking theatrical performances, which help you explore the charm of English language and culture.
To have fun and more than fun, never hesitate to sign up on the School Web before Friday.
English Club
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生為校英語社寫一份納新啟事。內(nèi)容包括介紹社團活動和告知報名時間、方式。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
招募：recruit → advertise for
各種：various → a variety of
報名：sign up→enroll
吸引人的：appealing→ attractive
2.句式拓展
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
原句：Come to our regular movies, lectures and English corners, chatting and progressing with people of similar interest.
拓展句：Why not come to our regular movies, lectures and English corners, chatting and progressing with people of similar interest?
【點睛】【高分句型1】As a club enjoying lasting popularity, we offer various appealing activities. （運用了現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語）
【高分句型2】Here, you'll also be exposed to thrilling events from impressive speech contests to breath-taking theatrical performances, which help you explore the charm of English language and culture.（運用了which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句）